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Marena GD, López A, Carvalho GC, Marín MDP, Pérez Ruiz MD, Pérez-Royo JM, Tormo-Mas MÁ, Bernabé P, Valentín E, Bauab TM, Chorilli M, Pemán J, Ruiz-Gaitán A. Sunflower Oil and Cholesterol Nanoemulsion: A Novel Carrier for Micafungin to Combat Multi-Resistant Candida auris. Pathogens 2024; 13:549. [PMID: 39057777 PMCID: PMC11279427 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13070549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Candida auris is an emerging, multidrug-resistant yeast that causes systemic infections, mainly in hospitalized or immunosuppressed patients. This pathogen has a high mortality and morbidity rate. This study aims to evaluate the antifungal potential of micafungin (MICA) encapsulated in a nanoemulsion (NEM) against four clades of C. auris and other non-C. auris species. The antifungal potential of MICA and NEM was evaluated by determining mature biofilm inhibition (0.78-50 µg/mL). The antifungal activities of MICA and NEM (5.92 mg/Kg) were evaluated using an in vivo model of Galleria mellonella. The results showed that NEM intensified the antibiofilm action of MICA, especially in 48 h mature biofilms. In vivo results displayed a higher effectiveness of NEM against all clades of C. auris tested, inhibiting the fungal load in the hemolymph and tissues of G. mellonella with a difference of 3 log10. In addition, C. auris infection caused granulomas surrounded by hemocytes, mainly at the lower and upper ends. Conversely, C. albicans developed pseudohyphae, biofilms, filaments, and chlamydospores. In conclusion, encapsulation of MICA in a nanoemulsion enhances its antifungal activity against mature biofilms of C. auris. This strategy may be considered a therapeutic approach for the control of infections and the dissemination of this new global health threat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Davi Marena
- Severe Infection Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (G.D.M.); (A.L.); (J.M.P.-R.); (E.V.)
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil; (G.C.C.); (M.C.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil;
| | - Alejandro López
- Severe Infection Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (G.D.M.); (A.L.); (J.M.P.-R.); (E.V.)
| | - Gabriela Corrêa Carvalho
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil; (G.C.C.); (M.C.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil;
| | | | | | - Jose Manuel Pérez-Royo
- Severe Infection Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (G.D.M.); (A.L.); (J.M.P.-R.); (E.V.)
| | - María Ángeles Tormo-Mas
- Severe Infection Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (G.D.M.); (A.L.); (J.M.P.-R.); (E.V.)
| | - Patricia Bernabé
- Severe Infection Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (G.D.M.); (A.L.); (J.M.P.-R.); (E.V.)
| | - Eulogio Valentín
- Severe Infection Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (G.D.M.); (A.L.); (J.M.P.-R.); (E.V.)
- Department of Microbiology and Ecology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Taís Maria Bauab
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil;
| | - Marlus Chorilli
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, SP, Brazil; (G.C.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Javier Pemán
- Severe Infection Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (G.D.M.); (A.L.); (J.M.P.-R.); (E.V.)
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University and Polytechnic La Fe Hospital, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Alba Ruiz-Gaitán
- Severe Infection Research Group, Health Research Institute La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain; (G.D.M.); (A.L.); (J.M.P.-R.); (E.V.)
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University and Polytechnic La Fe Hospital, 46026 Valencia, Spain
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Nicze M, Borówka M, Dec A, Niemiec A, Bułdak Ł, Okopień B. The Current and Promising Oral Delivery Methods for Protein- and Peptide-Based Drugs. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:815. [PMID: 38255888 PMCID: PMC10815890 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Drugs based on peptides and proteins (PPs) have been widely used in medicine, beginning with insulin therapy in patients with diabetes mellitus over a century ago. Although the oral route of drug administration is the preferred one by the vast majority of patients and improves compliance, medications of this kind due to their specific chemical structure are typically delivered parenterally, which ensures optimal bioavailability. In order to overcome issues connected with oral absorption of PPs such as their instability depending on digestive enzymes and pH changes in the gastrointestinal (GI) system on the one hand, but also their limited permeability across physiological barriers (mucus and epithelium) on the other hand, scientists have been strenuously searching for novel delivery methods enabling peptide and protein drugs (PPDs) to be administered enterally. These include utilization of different nanoparticles, transport channels, substances enhancing permeation, chemical modifications, hydrogels, microneedles, microemulsion, proteolytic enzyme inhibitors, and cell-penetrating peptides, all of which are extensively discussed in this review. Furthermore, this article highlights oral PP therapeutics both previously used in therapy and currently available on the medical market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Nicze
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Medyków 18, 40-752 Katowice, Poland (B.O.)
| | | | | | | | - Łukasz Bułdak
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Medyków 18, 40-752 Katowice, Poland (B.O.)
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Lin L, Chi J, Yan Y, Luo R, Feng X, Zheng Y, Xian D, Li X, Quan G, Liu D, Wu C, Lu C, Pan X. Membrane-disruptive peptides/peptidomimetics-based therapeutics: Promising systems to combat bacteria and cancer in the drug-resistant era. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:2609-2644. [PMID: 34589385 PMCID: PMC8463292 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Membrane-disruptive peptides/peptidomimetics (MDPs) are antimicrobials or anticarcinogens that present a general killing mechanism through the physical disruption of cell membranes, in contrast to conventional chemotherapeutic drugs, which act on precise targets such as DNA or specific enzymes. Owing to their rapid action, broad-spectrum activity, and mechanisms of action that potentially hinder the development of resistance, MDPs have been increasingly considered as future therapeutics in the drug-resistant era. Recently, growing experimental evidence has demonstrated that MDPs can also be utilized as adjuvants to enhance the therapeutic effects of other agents. In this review, we evaluate the literature around the broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties and anticancer activity of MDPs, and summarize the current development and mechanisms of MDPs alone or in combination with other agents. Notably, this review highlights recent advances in the design of various MDP-based drug delivery systems that can improve the therapeutic effect of MDPs, minimize side effects, and promote the co-delivery of multiple chemotherapeutics, for more efficient antimicrobial and anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Jiaying Chi
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Yilang Yan
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Rui Luo
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Xiaoqian Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Yuwei Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Dongyi Xian
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Xin Li
- The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Guilan Quan
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Daojun Liu
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Chuanbin Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Chao Lu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Xin Pan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Gundu R, Pekamwar S, Shelke S, Kulkarni D, Shep S. Development, optimization and pharmacokinetic evaluation of biphasic extended-release osmotic drug delivery system of trospium chloride for promising application in treatment of overactive bladder. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-021-00311-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The research was aimed with an approach to formulate biphasic extended-release system of trospium chloride resulting in controlled release of drug up to 24 h with prospects of better control on urinary frequency, efficacy, tolerability, and improved patient compliance. The push–pull osmotic pump (PPOP) bi-layered tablet of trospium chloride (60 mg) was developed with the use of immediate-release polymers in the pull layer (30 mg drug) and polyethylene oxide in the push layer (remaining 30 mg drug). The tablet was formulated by compression after non-aqueous granulation, seal coating, and semipermeable coating. The tablet prepared was laser drilled to create an orifice for drug release.
Results
Comparative in vitro dissolution and in vivo pharmacokinetic analysis of available marketed formulations demonstrated the complete drug release within 16–18 h; hence the developed biphasic extended-release system has its great importance as it provides zero-order release up to 24 h.
Conclusions
The developed biphasic extended-release drug delivery system of trospium chloride provides the drug release for 24 h with effective plasma concentration in comparison with the available marketed formulation. Extended release of drug from the developed formulation provides scope for its promising application in the treatment of overactive bladder (OAB).
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Zhu Q, Chen Z, Paul PK, Lu Y, Wu W, Qi J. Oral delivery of proteins and peptides: Challenges, status quo and future perspectives. Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:2416-2448. [PMID: 34522593 PMCID: PMC8424290 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteins and peptides (PPs) have gradually become more attractive therapeutic molecules than small molecular drugs due to their high selectivity and efficacy, but fewer side effects. Owing to the poor stability and limited permeability through gastrointestinal (GI) tract and epithelia, the therapeutic PPs are usually administered by parenteral route. Given the big demand for oral administration in clinical use, a variety of researches focused on developing new technologies to overcome GI barriers of PPs, such as enteric coating, enzyme inhibitors, permeation enhancers, nanoparticles, as well as intestinal microdevices. Some new technologies have been developed under clinical trials and even on the market. This review summarizes the history, the physiological barriers and the overcoming approaches, current clinical and preclinical technologies, and future prospects of oral delivery of PPs.
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Key Words
- ASBT, apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter
- BSA, bovine serum albumin
- CAGR, compound annual growth
- CD, Crohn's disease
- COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- CPP, cell penetrating peptide
- CaP, calcium phosphate
- Clinical
- DCs, dendritic cells
- DDVAP, desmopressin acetate
- DTPA, diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid
- EDTA, ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid
- EPD, empirical phase diagrams
- EPR, electron paramagnetic resonance
- Enzyme inhibitor
- FA, folic acid
- FDA, U.S. Food and Drug Administration
- FcRn, Fc receptor
- GALT, gut-associated lymphoid tissue
- GI, gastrointestinal
- GIPET, gastrointestinal permeation enhancement technology
- GLP-1, glucagon-like peptide 1
- GRAS, generally recognized as safe
- HBsAg, hepatitis B surface antigen
- HPMCP, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate
- IBD, inflammatory bowel disease
- ILs, ionic liquids
- LBNs, lipid-based nanoparticles
- LMWP, low molecular weight protamine
- MCT-1, monocarborxylate transporter 1
- MSNs, mesoporous silica nanoparticles
- NAC, N-acetyl-l-cysteine
- NLCs, nanostructured lipid carriers
- Oral delivery
- PAA, polyacrylic acid
- PBPK, physiologically based pharmacokinetics
- PCA, principal component analysis
- PCL, polycarprolacton
- PGA, poly-γ-glutamic acid
- PLA, poly(latic acid)
- PLGA, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)
- PPs, proteins and peptides
- PVA, poly vinyl alcohol
- Peptides
- Permeation enhancer
- Proteins
- RGD, Arg-Gly-Asp
- RTILs, room temperature ionic liquids
- SAR, structure–activity relationship
- SDC, sodium deoxycholate
- SGC, sodium glycocholate
- SGF, simulated gastric fluids
- SIF, simulated intestinal fluids
- SLNs, solid lipid nanoparticles
- SNAC, sodium N-[8-(2-hydroxybenzoyl)amino]caprylate
- SNEDDS, self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems
- STC, sodium taurocholate
- Stability
- TAT, trans-activating transcriptional peptide
- TMC, N-trimethyl chitosan
- Tf, transferrin
- TfR, transferrin receptors
- UC, ulcerative colitis
- UEA1, ulex europaeus agglutinin 1
- VB12, vitamin B12
- WGA, wheat germ agglutinin
- pHPMA, N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide
- pI, isoelectric point
- sCT, salmon calcitonin
- sc, subcutaneous
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Affiliation(s)
- Quangang Zhu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Zhongjian Chen
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Pijush Kumar Paul
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Gono Bishwabidyalay (University), Mirzanagar Savar, Dhaka 1344, Bangladesh
| | - Yi Lu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jianping Qi
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery of MOE, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
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Yu J, Meng X, Dong X, Han M, Li G, Chen Y, Liu Y, Hu L. Synthesis and characterization of osmotic pump capsules containing polyoxyethylene and pH modifier to control the release of nifedipine. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 163:102-108. [PMID: 33819628 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to formulate osmotic pump capsules (OPCs) to control the release of nifedipine (NP). NP solid dispersion was prepared by solvent evaporation method. The prepared mixture of NP solid dispersion and various excipients were filled into the commercial HPMC hard capsule shells and then coated with cellulose acetate (CA) solution to form NP-OPC. The CA coating solution consisted of CA as semi-permeable membrane, and Poloxamer 188 as pore formers. The impact of addition agents, citric acid and pore formers on in vitro drug release were investigated. Furthermore, the study has highlighted the impact of paddle speed and the pH value of release media, on the release and compared the release with the commercial controlled release tablets. The in vitro drug release study indicated that drug release could reach 95% in 24 h with optimal formulation, and interestingly model fitting showed that the drug release behavior was closely followed to zero-order release kinetics. The pharmacokinetic studies were performed in rabbits with commercial controlled release tablets as reference, both preparations showed a sustained release effect. Compared with traditional preparation methods of OPCs, the new preparation process was simplified without the operation of laser drilling and the sealing process of capsule body and cap, which improved the feasibility of industrial production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; Cangzhou People's Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Xue Meng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xue Dong
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Mengfan Han
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Guotao Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yanna Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, No.100, Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Liandong Hu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Quality Control of Hebei Province, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
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Mehanna MM, Mneimneh AT. Formulation and Applications of Lipid-Based Nanovehicles: Spotlight on Self-emulsifying Systems. Adv Pharm Bull 2021; 11:56-67. [PMID: 33747852 PMCID: PMC7961215 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2021.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The drug delivery investigation field is continuously widened and adapted to overcome many factors such as poor drug solubility, absorption, rapid metabolism, the variability of drug plasma levels, cellular efflux and many others. Due to resemblance to body constituents and their biocompatibility, lipids offer a promising scheme for poorly water-soluble and lipophilic drugs. Various nanoparticles including vesicular systems, lipid particulate systems, and emulsion systems provide some unique benefits as pharmaceutical carriers in drug and biomolecules delivery systems. Nowadays synthesis is directed toward simple, costless techniques, therefore, self-emulsifying systems have gained superiority over the other carriers. Self nano-emulsifying systems composed of oil, surfactant, and co-surfactant emulsified upon contact with an aqueous medium, has been widely exploited. This review attempts to provide a comprehensive interpretation of different types of lipid-based carriers emphasizing on the self-nanoemulsifying system, why it is gaining interest, formulation, composition, and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed M Mehanna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Amina Tarek Mneimneh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon
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Osmotic pump tablets with solid dispersions synergized by hydrophilic polymers and mesoporous silica improve in vitro/in vivo performance of cilostazol. Int J Pharm 2020; 588:119759. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Liu H, Hu L, Singh RP, Dave B, Chen J, Yu J. Fabrication of a novel drug-resin combination device for controlled release of dextromethorphan hydrobromide. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 189:110833. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.110833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Carvalho VFM, Salata GC, de Matos JKR, Costa-Fernandez S, Chorilli M, Steiner AA, de Araujo GLB, Silveira ER, Costa-Lotufo LV, Lopes LB. Optimization of composition and obtainment parameters of biocompatible nanoemulsions intended for intraductal administration of piplartine (piperlongumine) and mammary tissue targeting. Int J Pharm 2019; 567:118460. [PMID: 31247278 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
As a new strategy for treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ, biocompatible and bioadhesive nanoemulsions for intraductal administration of the cytotoxic agent piplartine (piperlongumine) were optimized in this study. To confer bioadhesive properties, the nanoemulsion was modified with chitosan or hyaluronic acid. Tricaprylin was selected as the nanoemulsion non-polar phase due to its ability to dissolve larger drug amounts compared to isopropyl myristate and monocaprylin. Use of phosphatidylcholine as sole surfactant did not result in a homogeneous nanoemulsion, while its association with polysorbate 80 and glycerol (in a surfactant blend) led to the formation of nanoemulsions with droplet size of 76.5 ± 1.2 nm. Heating the aqueous phase to 50 °C enabled sonication time reduction from 20 to 10 min. Inclusion of either chitosan or hyaluronic acid resulted in nanoemulsions with similar in vitro bioadhesive potential, and comparable ability to prolong mammary tissue retention (to 120 h) in vivo without causing undesirable histological alterations. Piplartine was stable in both nanoemulsions for 60 days; however, the size of loaded NE-HA was maintained at a similar range for longer periods of time, suggesting that this nanoemulsion may be a stronger candidate for intraductal delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa F M Carvalho
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Giovanna C Salata
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jenyffer K R de Matos
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Sandra Costa-Fernandez
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marlus Chorilli
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences at Araraquara, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandre A Steiner
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Edilberto R Silveira
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Leticia V Costa-Lotufo
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana B Lopes
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Patel D, Wairkar S. Recent advances in cyclosporine drug delivery: challenges and opportunities. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2019; 9:1067-1081. [DOI: 10.1007/s13346-019-00650-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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12
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Li N, Fan L, Wu B, Dai G, Jiang C, Guo Y, Wang D. Preparation and in vitro/in vivo evaluation of azilsartan osmotic pump tablets based on the preformulation investigation. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2019; 45:1079-1088. [PMID: 30909753 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2019.1593441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to design and evaluate azilsartan osmotic pump tablets. Preformulation properties of azilsartan were investigated for formulation design. Azilsartan osmotic pump tablets were prepared by incorporation of drug in the core and subsequent coating with cellulose acetate and polyethylene glycol 4000 as semi-permeable membrane, then drilled an orifice at the center of one side. The influence of different cores, compositions of semipermeable membrane and orifice diameter on azilsartan release were evaluated. The formulation of core tablet was optimized by orthogonal design and the release profiles of various formulations were evaluated by similarity factor (f2). The optimal formulation achieved to deliver azilsartan at an approximate zero-order up to 14 h. The pharmacokinetic study was performed in beagle dogs. The azilsartan osmotic pump tablets exhibited less fluctuation in blood concentration and higher bioavailability compared to immediate-release tablets. Moreover, there was a good correlation between the in vitro dissolution and in vivo absorption of the tablets. In summary, azilsartan osmotic pump tablets presented controlled release in vitro, high bioavailability in vivo and a good in vitro-in vivo correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nini Li
- a School of Pharmacy , Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , Anhui , China
| | - Ling Fan
- a School of Pharmacy , Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , Anhui , China.,b Clinical Drug Trial Institution , The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College , Bengbu , Anhui , China
| | - Biao Wu
- c Hefei Jiunuo Pharmaceutical Technology CO., LTD , Hefei , Anhui , China
| | - Genlai Dai
- c Hefei Jiunuo Pharmaceutical Technology CO., LTD , Hefei , Anhui , China
| | - Chengjun Jiang
- a School of Pharmacy , Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , Anhui , China
| | - Yan Guo
- a School of Pharmacy , Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , Anhui , China
| | - Dianlei Wang
- a School of Pharmacy , Anhui University of Chinese Medicine , Hefei , Anhui , China
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Li R, Yin T, Zhang Y, Gou J, He H, Tang X. Preparing of aspirin sustained-release granules by hot-melt granulation and micro-crystal coating. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2019; 45:959-967. [PMID: 30767579 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2019.1583756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
In this work, aspirin (ASP) sustained granules were prepared using micro-crystal coating and hot-melt granulation, respectively. In the process of micro-crystal coating, PVP was used to form the isolation layer and then coated with either Eudragit RS/RL30D or ethyl cellulose (EC) as sustained-release layers to prepare sustained granules (the granules from this method were denoted m-cG). And in the process of hot-melt granulation, the granules were obtained with stearyl alcohol as a binder and EC as matrix material to prepare sustained granules (the granules were denoted h-mG). The in vitro release of ASP sustained-release granules was investigated by dissolution apparatus and the stability of the granules was studied. Since both methods effectively prevented the hydrolysis of ASP, the sustained granules by micro-crystal coating and hot-melt granulation were stable. However, there was a clear difference in the in vitro release of h-mG and m-cG. The h-mG was completely released in 4 h, while the m-cG with EC as sustained-release layer released 80% in 24 h and the m-cG with the Eudragit RS/RL 30 D as sustained-release layer released completely in 5 h. The results showed that micro-crystal coating was more suitable for the preparation of ASP sustained granules, and the granules with EC as sustained layer could achieve a better sustained-release effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Li
- a School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Tian Yin
- b School of Functional food and Wine , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Shenyang , Shenyang , China
| | - Yu Zhang
- a School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Jingxin Gou
- a School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Haibing He
- a School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Xing Tang
- a School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China
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14
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Sun Y, Zhu S, Lu W, Chen J, Sun C, Guo Y, Wang B, Gao S, Fang W, Hu R. A novel enteric positioning osmotic pump capsule-based controlled release system of sinomenine hydrochloride: In vitro and in vivo evaluation. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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15
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El-Zahaby SA, AbouGhaly MHH, Abdelbary GA, El-Gazayerly ON. Zero-order release and bioavailability enhancement of poorly water soluble Vinpocetine from self-nanoemulsifying osmotic pump tablet. Pharm Dev Technol 2018; 23:900-910. [PMID: 28540754 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2017.1335321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Solid self-nanoemulsifying (S-SNEDDS) asymmetrically coated osmotic tablets of the poorly water-soluble drug Vinpocetine (VNP) were designed. The aim was to control the release of VNP by the osmotic technology taking advantage of the solubility and bioavailability-enhancing capacity of S-SNEDDS. Liquid SNEDDS loaded with 2.5 mg VNP composed of Maisine™ 35-1, Transcutol® HP, and Cremophor® EL was adsorbed on the solid carrier Aeroperl®. S-SNEDDS was mixed with the osmotic tablet excipients (sodium chloride, Avicel®, HPMC-K4M, PVP-K30, and Lubripharm®), then directly compressed to form the core tablet. The tablets were dip coated and mechanically drilled. A 32*21 full factorial design was adopted. The independent variables were: type of coating material (X1), concentration of coating solution (X2), and number of drills (X3). The dependent variables included % release at 2 h (Y1), at 4 h (Y2), and at 8 h (Y3). The in vivo performance of the optimum formula was assessed in rabbits. Zero-order VNP release was obtained by the single drilled 1.5% Opadry® CA coated osmotic tablets and twofold increase in VNP bioavailability was achieved. The combination of SNEDDS and osmotic pump tablet system was successful in enhancing the solubility and absorption of VNP as well as controlling its release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally A El-Zahaby
- a Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Manufacturing , Pharos University in Alexandria , Alexandria , Egypt
| | - Mohamed H H AbouGhaly
- b Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Cairo University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Ghada A Abdelbary
- b Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Cairo University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Omaima N El-Gazayerly
- b Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Cairo University , Cairo , Egypt
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16
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Migotto A, Carvalho VFM, Salata GC, da Silva FWM, Yan CYI, Ishida K, Costa-Lotufo LV, Steiner AA, Lopes LB. Multifunctional nanoemulsions for intraductal delivery as a new platform for local treatment of breast cancer. Drug Deliv 2018; 25:654-667. [PMID: 29495885 PMCID: PMC7011997 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2018.1440665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering that breast cancer usually begins in the lining of the ducts, local drug administration into the ducts could target cancers and pre-tumor lesions locally while reducing systemic adverse effects. In this study, a cationic bioadhesive nanoemulsion was developed for intraductal administration of C6 ceramide, a sphingolipid that mediates apoptotic and non-apoptotic cell death. Bioadhesive properties were obtained by surface modification with chitosan. The optimized nanoemulsion displayed size of 46.3 nm and positive charge, properties that were not affected by ceramide encapsulation (0.4%, w/w). C6 ceramide concentration necessary to reduce MCF-7 cells viability to 50% (EC50) decreased by 4.5-fold with its nanoencapsulation compared to its solution; a further decrease (2.6-fold) was observed when tributyrin (a pro-drug of butyric acid) was part of the oil phase of the nanocarrier, a phenomenon attributed to synergism. The unloaded nanocarrier was considered safe, as indicated by a score <0.1 in HET-CAM models, by the high survival rates of Galleria mellonella larvae exposed to concentrations ≤500 mg/mL, and absence of histological changes when intraductally administered in rats. Intraductal administration of the nanoemulsion prolonged drug localization for more than 120 h in the mammary tissue compared to its solution. These results support the advantage of the optimized nanoemulsion to enable mammary tissue localization of C6 ceramide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Migotto
- a Department of Pharmacology , Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo , Sao Paulo , Brazil
| | - Vanessa F M Carvalho
- a Department of Pharmacology , Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo , Sao Paulo , Brazil
| | - Giovanna C Salata
- a Department of Pharmacology , Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo , Sao Paulo , Brazil
| | - Fernanda W M da Silva
- b Department of Microbiology , Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo , Sao Paulo , Brazil
| | - Chao Yun Irene Yan
- c Department of Cell and Developmental Biology , Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo , Sao Paulo , Brazil
| | - Kelly Ishida
- b Department of Microbiology , Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo , Sao Paulo , Brazil
| | - Leticia V Costa-Lotufo
- a Department of Pharmacology , Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo , Sao Paulo , Brazil
| | - Alexandre A Steiner
- d Department of Immunology , Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo , Sao Paulo , Brazil
| | - Luciana B Lopes
- a Department of Pharmacology , Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo , Sao Paulo , Brazil
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Chen K, Wen H, Yang F, Yu Y, Gai X, Wang H, Li P, Pan W, Yang X. Study of controlled-release floating tablets of dipyridamole using the dry-coated method. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2017; 44:116-124. [PMID: 28956647 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2017.1386198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Dipyridamole (DIP), having a short biological half-life, has a narrow absorption window and is primarily absorbed in the stomach. So, the purpose of this study was to prepare controlled-release floating (CRF) tablets of dipyridamole by the dry-coated method. The influence of agents with different viscosity, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and polyvinylpyrollidon K30 (PVP K30) in the core tablet and low-viscosity HPMC and PVP K30 in the coating layer on drug release, were investigated. Then, a study with a three-factor, three-level orthogonal experimental design was used to optimize the formulation of the CRF tablets. After data processing, the optimized formulation was found to be: 80 mg HPMC K4M in the core tablet, 80 mg HPMC E15 in core tablet and 40 mg PVP K30 in the coating layer. Moreover, an in vitro buoyancy study showed that the optimized formulation had an excellent floating ability and could immediately float without a lag time and this lasted more than 12 h. Furthermore, an in vivo gamma scintigraphic study showed that the gastric residence time of the CRF tablet was about 8 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Chen
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Haoyang Wen
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Feifei Yang
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Yibin Yu
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Xiumei Gai
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Haiying Wang
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Pingfei Li
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Weisan Pan
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Xinggang Yang
- a Department of Pharmaceutics , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China
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El-Zahaby SA, AbouGhaly MHH, Abdelbary GA, El-Gazayerly ON. Zero-order release and bioavailability enhancement of poorly water soluble Vinpocetine from self-nanoemulsifying osmotic pump tablet. Pharm Dev Technol 2017. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10837450.2017.1335321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sally A. El-Zahaby
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Manufacturing, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H. H. AbouGhaly
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ghada A. Abdelbary
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Omaima N. El-Gazayerly
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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19
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Sirc J, Hampejsova Z, Trnovska J, Kozlik P, Hrib J, Hobzova R, Zajicova A, Holan V, Bosakova Z. Cyclosporine A Loaded Electrospun Poly(D,L-Lactic Acid)/Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Nanofibers: Drug Carriers Utilizable in Local Immunosuppression. Pharm Res 2017; 34:1391-1401. [PMID: 28405914 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-017-2155-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study aims to prepare poly(D,L-lactic acid) (PLA) nanofibers loaded by the immunosuppressant cyclosporine A (CsA, 10 wt%). Amphiphilic poly(ethylene glycol)s (PEG) additives were used to modify the hydrophobic drug release kinetics. METHODS Four types of CsA-loaded PLA nanofibrous carriers varying in the presence and molecular weight (MW) of PEG (6, 20 and 35 kDa) were prepared by needleless electrospinning. The samples were extracted for 144 h in phosphate buffer saline or tissue culture medium. A newly developed and validated LC-MS/MS method was utilized to quantify the amount of released CsA from the carriers. In vitro cell experiments were used to evaluate biological activity. RESULTS Nanofibers containing 15 wt% of PEG showed improved drug release characteristics; significantly higher release rates were achieved in initial part of experiment (24 h). The highest released doses of CsA were obtained from the nanofibers with PEG of the lowest MW (6 kDa). In vitro experiments on ConA-stimulated spleen cells revealed the biological activity of the released CsA for the whole study period of 144 h and nanofibers containing PEG with the lowest MW exhibited the highest impact (inhibition). CONCLUSIONS The addition of PEG of a particular MW enables to control CsA release from PLA nanofibrous carriers. The biological activity of CsA-loaded PLA nanofibers with PEG persists even after 144 h of previous extraction. Prepared materials are promising for local immunosuppression in various medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Sirc
- Department of Polymer Networks and Gels, Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Hampejsova
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 43, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Trnovska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 43, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Kozlik
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 43, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Hrib
- Department of Polymer Networks and Gels, Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Radka Hobzova
- Department of Polymer Networks and Gels, Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 162 06, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Zajicova
- Department of Transplantation Immunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Holan
- Department of Transplantation Immunology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Bosakova
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 43, Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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20
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Nazari-Vanani R, Moezi L, Heli H. In vivo evaluation of a self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system for curcumin. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 88:715-720. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.01.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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21
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Development of near zero-order release PLGA-based microspheres of a novel antipsychotic. Int J Pharm 2017; 516:32-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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22
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Rehman FU, Shah KU, Shah SU, Khan IU, Khan GM, Khan A. From nanoemulsions to self-nanoemulsions, with recent advances in self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS). Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2016; 14:1325-1340. [DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2016.1218462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fiza Ur Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Shefaat Ullah Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, D.I.Khan, Pakistan
| | - Ikram Ullah Khan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Gul Majid Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Khan
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
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23
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Pan H, Jing H, Yang X, Pan W, Chen T. Synchronized and controlled release of metformin hydrochloride/glipizide from elementary osmotic delivery. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2016; 43:780-788. [PMID: 27278057 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2016.1200071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The combination of metformin hydrochloride (MTF) and glipizide (GLZ) is second-line medication for diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2). In the present study, elementary osmotic pump ( EOP) tablet is designed to deliver the combination of MTF and GLZ in a sustained and synchronized manner. By analyzing different variables of the formulation, sodium hydrogen carbonate is introduced as pH modifier to improve the release of GLZ, while ethyl cellulose acts as release retardant to reduce the burst release phase of MTF. A two-factor, three-level face-centered central composite design (FCCD) is applied to investigate the impact of different factors on drug release profile. Compared with conventional tablets, the EOP tablet demonstrates a controlled release behavior with relative bioavailability of 99.2% for MTF and 99.3% for GLZ. Data also shows EOP tablet is able to release MTF and GLZ in a synchronized and sustained manner both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Pan
- a Natural Drug Discovery Group , School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast , Belfast , UK
| | - Hengpan Jing
- b Nanjing Chia Tai Tianqing Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Nanjing Economic and Technological Development Zone , Nanjing , Jiangsu , China
| | - Xinggang Yang
- c Department of Pharmaceutics , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , P.R. China
| | - Weisan Pan
- c Department of Pharmaceutics , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , P.R. China
| | - Tianbao Chen
- a Natural Drug Discovery Group , School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast , Belfast , UK
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24
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Yang Y, Zhao Z, Wang Y, Yang L, Liu D, Yang X, Pan W. A novel asymmetric membrane osmotic pump capsule with in situ formed delivery orifices for controlled release of gliclazide solid dispersion system. Int J Pharm 2016; 506:340-50. [PMID: 27132166 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.04.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a novel asymmetric membrane osmotic pump capsule of gliclazide (GLC) solid dispersion was developed to achieve a controlled drug release. The capsule shells were obtained by wet phase inversion process using cellulose acetate as semi-permeable membrane, glycerol and kolliphor P188 as pore formers, then filled with the mixture of GLC solid dispersion and pH modifiers. Differentiate from the conventional formulations, sodium carbonate was chosen as the osmotic agent and effervescent agent simultaneously to control the drug release, instead of the polymer materials. The ternary solid dispersion of GLC, with polyethylene glycol 6000 and kolliphor P188 as carriers, was prepared by solvent-evaporation method, realizing a 2.09-fold increment in solubility and dissolution rate in comparison with unprocessed GLC. Influence of the composition of the coating solution and pH modifiers on the drug release from the asymmetric membrane capsule (AMC) was investigated. The ultimate cumulative release of the optimal formulation reached 91.32% in an approximately zero-order manner. The osmotic pressure test and dye test were conducted to validate the drug release mechanism from the AMC. The in vivo pharmacokinetic study of the AMC indicated a 102.66±10.95% relative bioavailability compared with the commercial tablet, suggesting the bioequivalence between the two formulations. Consequently, the novel controlled delivery system with combination of solid dispersion and AMC system is capable of providing a satisfactory alternative to release the water-insoluble drugs in a controlled manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Zhinan Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Yongfei Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China
| | - Dandan Liu
- School of Biomedical & Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Institute of Science and Technology, Benxi 117004, PR China
| | - Xinggang Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
| | - Weisan Pan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, PR China.
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25
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Guada M, Lana H, Gil AG, Dios-Viéitez MDC, Blanco-Prieto MJ. Cyclosporine A lipid nanoparticles for oral administration: Pharmacodynamics and safety evaluation. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2016; 101:112-8. [PMID: 26877154 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2016.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The pharmacodynamic effect and the safety of cyclosporine A lipid nanoparticles (CsA LN) for oral administration were investigated using Sandimmune Neoral® as reference. First, the biocompatibility of the unloaded LN on Caco-2 cells was demonstrated. The pharmacodynamic response and blood levels of CsA were studied in Balb/c mice after 5 and 10 days of daily oral administration equivalent to 5 and 15 mg/kg of CsA in different formulations. The in vivo nephrotoxicity after 15 days of treatment at the high dose was also evaluated. The results showed a significant decrease in lymphocyte count (indicator of immunosuppression) for the CsA LN groups which was not observed with Sandimmune Neoral®. CsA blood levels remained constant over the time after treatment with LN, whereas a proportional increase in drug blood concentration was observed with Sandimmune Neoral®. Therefore, CsA LN exhibited a better pharmacological response along with more predictable pharmacokinetic information, diminishing the risk of toxicity. Moreover, a nephroprotective effect against CsA related toxicity was observed in the histopathological evaluation when LN containing Tween® 80 were administered. Therefore, our preliminary findings suggest LN formulations would be a good alternative for CsA oral delivery, enhancing efficacy and reducing the risk of nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Guada
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, IdiSNA, C/Irunlarrea 3, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Hugo Lana
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ana Gloria Gil
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; Drug Development Unit, University of Navarra (DDUNAV), E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maria del Carmen Dios-Viéitez
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maria J Blanco-Prieto
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, IdiSNA, C/Irunlarrea 3, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain.
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26
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Guada M, Beloqui A, Kumar MNVR, Préat V, Dios-Viéitez MDC, Blanco-Prieto MJ. Reformulating cyclosporine A (CsA): More than just a life cycle management strategy. J Control Release 2016; 225:269-82. [PMID: 26829101 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Cyclosporine A (CsA) is a well-known immunosuppressive agent that gained considerable importance in transplant medicine in the late 1970s due to its selective and reversible inhibition of T-lymphocytes. While CsA has been widely used to prevent graft rejection in patients undergoing organ transplant it was also used to treat several systemic and local autoimmune disorders. Currently, the neuro- and cardio-protective effects of CsA (CiCloMulsion®; NeuroSTAT®) are being tested in phase II and III trials respectively and NeuroSTAT® received orphan drug status from US FDA and Europe in 2010. The reformulation strategies focused on developing Cremophor® EL free formulations and address variable bioavailability and toxicity issues of CsA. This review is an attempt to highlight the progress made so far and the room available for further improvements to realize the maximum benefits of CsA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Guada
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, IdiSNA, C/Irunlarrea 3, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ana Beloqui
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Brussels, Belgium
| | - M N V Ravi Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX 77845, USA
| | - Véronique Préat
- Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maria Del Carmen Dios-Viéitez
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, IdiSNA, C/Irunlarrea 3, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maria J Blanco-Prieto
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, University of Navarra, C/Irunlarrea 1, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, IdiSNA, C/Irunlarrea 3, E-31008 Pamplona, Spain.
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27
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Jiang D, Zeng J, Zhu Y, Zhou G, Deng W, Xu X, Yu J. Sustained-release of Cyclosporin A pellets: preparation, in vitro release, pharmacokinetic studies and in vitro–in vivo correlation in beagle dogs. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2015; 42:1174-82. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2015.1118492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Yanfei M, Guoguang C, Lili R, Pingkai O. Controlled release of glaucocalyxin – a self-nanoemulsifying system from osmotic pump tablets with enhanced bioavailability. Pharm Dev Technol 2015; 22:148-155. [DOI: 10.3109/10837450.2015.1089901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yanfei
- School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China and
| | - Chen Guoguang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ren Lili
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ouyang Pingkai
- School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China and
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Zaher A, Li S, Wolf KT, Pirmoradi FN, Yassine O, Lin L, Khashab NM, Kosel J. Osmotically driven drug delivery through remote-controlled magnetic nanocomposite membranes. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2015; 9:054113. [PMID: 26487899 PMCID: PMC4592434 DOI: 10.1063/1.4931954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Implantable drug delivery systems can provide long-term reliability, controllability, and biocompatibility, and have been used in many applications, including cancer pain and non-malignant pain treatment. However, many of the available systems are limited to zero-order, inconsistent, or single burst event drug release. To address these limitations, we demonstrate prototypes of a remotely operated drug delivery device that offers controllability of drug release profiles, using osmotic pumping as a pressure source and magnetically triggered membranes as switchable on-demand valves. The membranes are made of either ethyl cellulose, or the proposed stronger cellulose acetate polymer, mixed with thermosensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogel and superparamagnetic iron oxide particles. The prototype devices' drug diffusion rates are on the order of 0.5-2 μg/h for higher release rate designs, and 12-40 ng/h for lower release rates, with maximum release ratios of 4.2 and 3.2, respectively. The devices exhibit increased drug delivery rates with higher osmotic pumping rates or with magnetically increased membrane porosity. Furthermore, by vapor deposition of a cyanoacrylate layer, a drastic reduction of the drug delivery rate from micrograms down to tens of nanograms per hour is achieved. By utilizing magnetic membranes as the valve-control mechanism, triggered remotely by means of induction heating, the demonstrated drug delivery devices benefit from having the power source external to the system, eliminating the need for a battery. These designs multiply the potential approaches towards increasing the on-demand controllability and customizability of drug delivery profiles in the expanding field of implantable drug delivery systems, with the future possibility of remotely controlling the pressure source.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Zaher
- School of Engineering, University of British Columbia , Kelowna, British Columbia V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - S Li
- Smart Hybrid Materials (SHMs) Lab, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - K T Wolf
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California at Berkeley , California 94720, USA
| | - F N Pirmoradi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California at Berkeley , California 94720, USA
| | - O Yassine
- Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - L Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California at Berkeley , California 94720, USA
| | - N M Khashab
- Smart Hybrid Materials (SHMs) Lab, Advanced Membranes and Porous Materials Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - J Kosel
- Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
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Leonaviciute G, Bernkop-Schnürch A. Self-emulsifying drug delivery systems in oral (poly)peptide drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2015; 12:1703-16. [PMID: 26477549 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2015.1068287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral administration of most therapeutic peptides and proteins is mainly restricted due to the enzymatic and absorption membrane barrier of the GI tract. In order to overcome these barriers, various technologies have been explored. Among them, self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) received considerable attention as potential carriers to facilitate oral peptide and protein delivery in recent years. AREAS COVERED This review article intends to summarize physiological barriers which limit the bioavailability of orally administrated peptide and protein drugs. Furthermore, the potential of SEDDS to protect incorporated peptides and proteins towards peptidases and proteases and to penetrate the mucus layer is reviewed. Their permeation-enhancing properties and their ability to release the drug in a controlled way are described. Moreover, this review covers the results of in vivo studies providing evidence for this promising approach. EXPERT OPINION As SEDDS can: i) provide a protective effect towards a presystemic metabolism; ii) efficiently permeate the intestinal mucus gel layer in order to reach the absorption membrane; and iii) be produced in a very simple and cost-effective manner, they are a promising tool for oral peptide and protein drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gintare Leonaviciute
- a Leopold - Franzens University Innsbruck, Institut of Pharmacy, Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology , Innrain 80/82, Innsbruck, Austria +43 512 507 58601 ; +43 512 507 58699 ;
| | - Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch
- a Leopold - Franzens University Innsbruck, Institut of Pharmacy, Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology , Innrain 80/82, Innsbruck, Austria +43 512 507 58601 ; +43 512 507 58699 ;
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Verma S, Singh SK, Verma PRP. Fabrication of lipidic nanocarriers of loratadine for facilitated intestinal permeation using multivariate design approach. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2015; 42:288-306. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2015.1052078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Samridhi Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Priya Ranjan Prasad Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
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Zhao Z, Wu C, Zhao Y, Hao Y, Liu Y, Zhao W. Development of an oral push-pull osmotic pump of fenofibrate-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticles. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:1691-701. [PMID: 25784799 PMCID: PMC4356664 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s76755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) were used to prepare an oral push–pull osmotic pump. Fenofibrate, the selected model drug, was firstly loaded into the MSNs, followed by a suspending agent consisting of a drug layer of push–pull osmotic pump. Fenofibrate-loaded MSNs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nitrogen adsorption/desorption analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), powder X-ray diffractometry (PXRD) analysis, and Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Polyethylene oxide of molecular weight (MW) 100,000 and polyethylene oxide of MW 6,000,000 were selected as the suspending agent and the expanding agent, respectively. Cellulose acetate was used as the semipermeable membrane, along with polyethylene glycol 6,000 to increase the flexibility and control the membrane permeability. The in vitro dissolution studies indicated that the osmotic pump tablet combined with MSNs was able to deliver fenofibrate in an approximately zero-order manner in 24 hours. A pharmacokinetic study showed that, although the maximum plasma concentration of the osmotic pump was lower than that of the reference formulation, the relative bioavailability was increased, indicating that the osmotic pump was more efficient than the reference tablets. Therefore, using MSNs as a carrier for poorly water-soluble drugs is an effective method for preparing osmotic pump tablets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongzhe Zhao
- Pharmacy School, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Wu
- Pharmacy School, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Pharmacy School, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanna Hao
- Pharmacy School, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Liu
- Pharmacy School, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenming Zhao
- Pharmacy School, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
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Wu C, Zhao Z, Zhao Y, Hao Y, Liu Y, Liu C. Preparation of a push–pull osmotic pump of felodipine solubilized by mesoporous silica nanoparticles with a core–shell structure. Int J Pharm 2014; 475:298-305. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Revised: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Yanfei M, Guoguang C, Lili R, Pingkai O. Controlled release of ziprasidone solid dispersion systems from osmotic pump tablets with enhanced bioavailability in the fasted state. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2014; 41:1353-62. [DOI: 10.3109/03639045.2014.950273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Qin C, He W, Zhu C, Wu M, Jin Z, Zhang Q, Wang G, Yin L. Controlled release of metformin hydrochloride and repaglinide from sandwiched osmotic pump tablet. Int J Pharm 2014; 466:276-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Revised: 02/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Nikolakakis I, Malamataris S. Self-emulsifying pellets: relations between kinetic parameters of drug release and emulsion reconstitution-influence of formulation variables. J Pharm Sci 2014; 103:1453-65. [PMID: 24596121 DOI: 10.1002/jps.23919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2013] [Revised: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The effects of surfactant type and content on the kinetics of emulsion reconstitution and release of drugs differing in lipophilicity from self-emulsifying microcrystalline cellulose pellets were studied. Furosemide and propranolol were the drugs, medium-chain triglyceride was the oil, and Cremophors ELP, RH40, and RH60 were the surfactants. Pellets were prepared by extrusion/spheronization with emulsions (75% water and 25%, w/w, oil/surfactant/drug). Stability of the emulsions was evaluated from changes in the back-scattered light, and re-emulsification and drug release from light transmittance and UV spectroscopy, respectively. Emulsion stability increased because of the incorporation of the drugs. Re-emulsification depended only on the surfactant content and was expressed by a simple power equation (Ra2 > 0.945, Q(2) > 0.752). Drug release was expressed by two biexponential equations (Ra2 > 0.989, Q(2) > 0.699 and Ra2 > 0.947, Q(2) > 0.693) implying initial burst and terminal slow release phase and by the linear form (Lineweaver-Burke) of Michaelis-Menten equation (Ra2 > 0.726, Q(2) > 0.397). Relationships exist between the rate constants of the equations describing emulsion reconstitution and drug release, for propranolol compositions (R(2) = 0.915), and for compositions of both drugs with less hydrophilic ELP and RH40 (R(2) = 0.511), and also, among dissolution efficiency, drug solubility in oil/surfactant, and emulsion reconstitution ability, indicating the importance of drug solubilization in oil/surfactant and re-emulsification ability on drug release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Nikolakakis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece
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