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Ertas YN, Ertas D, Erdem A, Segujja F, Dulchavsky S, Ashammakhi N. Diagnostic, Therapeutic, and Theranostic Multifunctional Microneedles. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2308479. [PMID: 38385813 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Microneedles (MNs) have maintained their popularity in therapeutic and diagnostic medical applications throughout the past decade. MNs are originally designed to gently puncture the stratum corneum layer of the skin and have lately evolved into intelligent devices with functions including bodily fluid extraction, biosensing, and drug administration. MNs offer limited invasiveness, ease of application, and minimal discomfort. Initially manufactured solely from metals, MNs are now available in polymer-based varieties. MNs can be used to create systems that deliver drugs and chemicals uniformly, collect bodily fluids, and are stimulus-sensitive. Although these advancements are favorable in terms of biocompatibility and production costs, they are insufficient for the therapeutic use of MNs. This is the first comprehensive review that discusses individual MN functions toward the evolution and development of smart and multifunctional MNs for a variety of novel and impactful future applications. The study examines fabrication techniques, application purposes, and experimental details of MN constructs that perform multiple functions concurrently, including sensing, drug-molecule release, sampling, and remote communication capabilities. It is highly likely that in the near future, MN-based smart devices will be a useful and important component of standard medical practice for different applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yavuz Nuri Ertas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri, 38039, Türkiye
- ERNAM-Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, 38039, Türkiye
- UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800, Türkiye
| | - Derya Ertas
- ERNAM-Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, 38039, Türkiye
| | - Ahmet Erdem
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kocaeli University, Umuttepe Campus, Kocaeli, 41380, Türkiye
- Department of Chemistry, Kocaeli University, Umuttepe Campus, Kocaeli, 41380, Türkiye
| | - Farouk Segujja
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kocaeli University, Umuttepe Campus, Kocaeli, 41380, Türkiye
| | - Scott Dulchavsky
- Department of Surgery, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
| | - Nureddin Ashammakhi
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering (IQ) and Department of Biomedical Engineering (BME), Colleges of Engineering and Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
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2
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V M A, Suresh S, Kumar A, K P, N M R, Rangappa S, Murthy SN, H N S. Overcoming challenges in dermal and transdermal delivery of herbal therapeutics with polymeric microneedles. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2024; 35:364-396. [PMID: 37982815 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2023.2286033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Natural products are generally preferred medications owing to their low toxicity and irritancy potential. However, a good number of herbal therapeutics (HT) exhibit solubility, permeability and stability issues that eventually affect oral bioavailability. Transdermal administration has been successful in resolving some of these issues which has lead in commercialization of a few herbal transdermal products. Polymeric Microneedles (MNs) has emerged as a promising platform in transdermal delivery of HT that face problems in permeating the skin. Several biocompatible and biodegradable polymers used in the fabrication of MNs have been discussed. MNs have been exploited for cutaneous delivery of HT in management of skin ailments like skin cancer, acne, chronic wounds and hypertrophic scar. Considering the clinical need, MNs are explored for systemic delivery of potent HT for management of diverse disorders like asthma, disorders of central nervous system and nicotine replacement as it obviates first pass metabolism and elicits a quicker onset of therapeutic response. MNs of HT have found good number of aesthetic applications in topical delivery of HT to the skin. Interestingly, MNs have emerged as an attractive option as a minimally invasive diagnostic aid in sampling biomarkers from plants, skin and ocular interstitial fluid. The review updates the progress made by MN technology of HT for multiple therapeutic interventions along with the future challenges. An attempt is made to illustrate the challenging formulation strategies employed in the fabrication of polymeric MNs of HT. Efforts are on to extend the potential applications of polymeric MNs to HT for diverse therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusha V M
- Institute for Drug Delivery and Biomedical Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sarasija Suresh
- Institute for Drug Delivery and Biomedical Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Avichal Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, KLE College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, India
| | - Paranjyothy K
- Institute for Drug Delivery and Biomedical Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Reena N M
- Topical Products Testing LLC, Oxford, Mississippi, USA
| | | | - S Narasimha Murthy
- Institute for Drug Delivery and Biomedical Research, Bengaluru, India
- Topical Products Testing LLC, Oxford, Mississippi, USA
| | - Shivakumar H N
- Institute for Drug Delivery and Biomedical Research, Bengaluru, India
- Department of Pharmaceutics, KLE College of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, India
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3
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Impact of quercetin spanlastics on livin and caspase-9 expression in the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Shaif M, Kushwaha P, Usmani S, Pandey S. Exploring the potential of nanocarriers in antipsoriatic therapeutics. J DERMATOL TREAT 2022; 33:2919-2930. [PMID: 35729857 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2022.2089616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is an autoimmune disease characterized by erythematous, scaly patches on the skin. It can be effectively managed with topical therapies since they deliver drugs to target sites of disease efficiently and can minimize systemic side-effects while ensuring high patient compliance. However, conventional topical formulations are ineffective in treating psoriasis due to their poor percutaneous penetration and inability to reach deeper layers of the skin. Thus, it is important to explore new approaches for managing psoriasis safely and effectively while also maintaining patient compliance without compromising safety. Over the last few decades, a variety of nanocarriers have been extensively investigated as a new approach to delivering drugs to the skin that are effective against psoriasis. These nanocarriers are notable for their therapeutic effectiveness, increased localization of medication in the skin, and reduced side-effects. The purpose of this review is to explore the recent advances in polymer-based, lipid-based, metallic, and microneedle-based novel nanoformulations of antipsoriatic drugs. There have been detailed discussions about several nanocarrier systems including nanoemulsions, liposomes, nanostructured lipid carriers, ethosomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, micelles, gold nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles, and microneedles. In a nutshell, nanoformulations are considered a promising avenue for psoriasis treatment since they offer better penetration, targeted delivery, and enhanced safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Shaif
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Shazia Usmani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Supriya Pandey
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, India
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5
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Mamun AA, Zhao F. In-Plane Si Microneedles: Fabrication, Characterization, Modeling and Applications. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:657. [PMID: 35630124 PMCID: PMC9146885 DOI: 10.3390/mi13050657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Microneedles are getting more and more attention in research and commercialization since their advancement in the 1990s due to the advantages over traditional hypodermic needles such as minimum invasiveness, low material and fabrication cost, and precise needle geometry control, etc. The design and fabrication of microneedles depend on various factors such as the type of materials used, fabrication planes and techniques, needle structures, etc. In the past years, in-plane and out-of-plane microneedle technologies made by silicon (Si), polymer, metal, and other materials have been developed for numerous biomedical applications including drug delivery, sample collections, medical diagnostics, and bio-sensing. Among these microneedle technologies, in-plane Si microneedles excel by the inherent properties of Si such as mechanical strength, wear resistance, biocompatibility, and structural advantages of in-plane configuration such as a wide range of length, readiness of integration with other supporting components, and complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) compatible fabrication. This article aims to provide a review of in-plane Si microneedles with a focus on fabrication techniques, theoretical and numerical analysis, experimental characterization of structural and fluidic behaviors, major applications, potential challenges, and future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Feng Zhao
- Micro/Nanoelectronics and Energy Laboratory, School of Engineering and Computer Science, Washington State University, Vancouver, WA 98686, USA;
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Trends in Drug- and Vaccine-based Dissolvable Microneedle Materials and Methods of Fabrication. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022; 173:54-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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7
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Ruan S, Zhang Y, Feng N. Microneedle-mediated transdermal nanodelivery systems: a review. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:8065-8089. [PMID: 34752590 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01249e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The greatest limitation in the development of transdermal drug delivery systems is that only a few drugs can permeate the skin due to the barrier function of the stratum corneum. Active and passive methods are generally available for improving the ability of drug transdermal delivery. However, nanoparticles, as a passive approach, exhibit capacity-constrained permeation enhancement. Thus, microneedle-mediated nanoparticles possess enormous potential and broad prospects. Microneedles promote the penetration of macromolecules by creating microchannels on the skin surface. In this review, the prevailing subknowledge on microneedles (mechanism, classification, and applications of microneedles combined with nanoparticles) is discussed to provide a guideline for readers and a basic reference for further in-depth studies of this novel drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyao Ruan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Yongtai Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Nianping Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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8
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Olive Oil/Pluronic Oleogels for Skin Delivery of Quercetin: In Vitro Characterization and Ex Vivo Skin Permeability. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13111808. [PMID: 34072642 PMCID: PMC8198417 DOI: 10.3390/polym13111808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to prepare and characterize oleogel as potential carrier for quercetin skin delivery. The formulations were prepared by adding olive oil (5-30%) to Pluronic F127 hydrogel and were evaluated for particle size, zeta potential, viscosity in vitro quercetin release and stability, and were compared with that of Pluronic F127 hydrogel. The selected formulation was characterized for its interaction possibility, ex vivo skin permeation and skin histological changes and safety. The particle sizes ranged from 345.3 ± 5.3 nm to 401.5 ± 2.8 nm, and possessed negative charges. The viscosities of the formulations were found in the range of 6367-4823 cps with inverse proportionality to olive oil percentage while the higher percentages showed higher quercetin release. Percentages of 25% and 30% olive oil showed instability pattern under the conditions of accelerated stability studies. Differential scanning calorimetry verified the existence of quercetin in micellar aggregation and the network in the case of hydrogel and oleogel respectively. Ex vivo skin permeation showed an improved skin permeation of quercetin when 20% olive oil containing oleogel was used. Skin histology after 10 days of application showed stratum corneum disruption and good safety profile. Based on these findings, the proposed oleogel containing 20% olive oil denotes a potential carrier for topical delivery of quercetin.
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9
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Xie J, Huang S, Huang H, Deng X, Yue P, Lin J, Yang M, Han L, Zhang DK. Advances in the Application of Natural Products and the Novel Drug Delivery Systems for Psoriasis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:644952. [PMID: 33967781 PMCID: PMC8097153 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.644952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis, an incurable autoimmune skin disease, is one of the most common immune-mediated disorders. Presently, numerous clinical research studies are underway, and treatment options are available. However, these treatments focus on improving symptoms of the disease and fail to achieve a radical cure; they also have certain toxic side effects. In recent years, natural products have increasingly gained attention because of their high efficiency and low toxicity. Despite their obvious therapeutic effects, natural products’ biological activity was limited by their instability, poor solubility, and low bioavailability. Novel drug delivery systems, including liposomes, lipospheres, nanostructured lipid carriers, niosomes, nanoemulsions, nanospheres, microneedles, ethosomes, nanocrystals, and foams could potentially overcome the limitations of poor water solubility and permeability in traditional drug delivery systems. Thus, to achieve a therapeutic effect, the drug can reach the epidermis and dermis in psoriatic lesions to interact with the immune cells and cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shengjie Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Haozhou Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Pengfei Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Innovation Medicine and High Efficiency and Energy Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Junzhi Lin
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Innovation Medicine and High Efficiency and Energy Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Li Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ding-Kun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Innovation Medicine and High Efficiency and Energy Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
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10
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Vale DL, Martinez RM, Medeiros DC, da Rocha C, Sfeir N, Lopez RFV, Vicentini FTMC, Verri WA, Georgetti SR, Baracat MM, Casagrande R. A topical formulation containing quercetin-loaded microcapsules protects against oxidative and inflammatory skin alterations triggered by UVB irradiation: enhancement of activity by microencapsulation. J Drug Target 2021; 29:983-997. [PMID: 33685319 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2021.1898621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation causes free radical production, increase inflammation and oxidative stress, thus, supporting the use of antioxidants by topical administration as therapeutic approaches. Quercetin (QC) is a flavonoid with antioxidant activity, however, high liposolubility makes it difficult to remain in the viable skin layer. Thus, this study evaluated whether microencapsulation of QC would enhance its activity in comparison with the same dose of free QC (non-active dose) and unloaded-microcapsules added in formulation for topical administration in a mouse model of UVB irradiation targeting the skin. Topical formulation containing Quercetin-loaded microcapsules (TFcQCMC) presents physico-chemical (colour, consistence, phase separation and pH) and functional antioxidant stability at 4 °C, room temperature and 40 °C for 6 months. TFcQCMC inhibited the UVB-triggered depletion of antioxidants observed by GSH (reduced glutathione), ability to reduce iron, ability to scavenge 2,2'-azinobis radical and catalase activity. TFcQCMC also inhibited markers of oxidation (lipid hydroperoxides and superoxide anion production). Concerning inflammation, TFcQCMC reduced the production of inflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity, skin edoema, collagen fibre damage, myeloperoxidase activity/neutrophil recruitment, mast cell and sunburn cell counts. The pharmacological activity of TFcQCMC was not shared by the same pharmaceutical form containing the same dose of free QC or unloaded control microcapsules.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Vale
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Renata M Martinez
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Daniela C Medeiros
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Camila da Rocha
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Natália Sfeir
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Renata F V Lopez
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto-USP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Fabiana T M C Vicentini
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto-USP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Waldiceu A Verri
- Departamento de Ciências Patológicas, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Sandra R Georgetti
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Marcela M Baracat
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Rúbia Casagrande
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Londrina-UEL, Avenida Robert Koch, 60, Hospital Universitário, Londrina, Brazil
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11
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Vora LK, Moffatt K, Tekko IA, Paredes AJ, Volpe-Zanutto F, Mishra D, Peng K, Raj Singh Thakur R, Donnelly RF. Microneedle array systems for long-acting drug delivery. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 159:44-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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12
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Cárcamo-Martínez Á, Mallon B, Anjani QK, Domínguez-Robles J, Utomo E, Vora LK, Tekko IA, Larrañeta E, Donnelly RF. Enhancing intradermal delivery of tofacitinib citrate: Comparison between powder-loaded hollow microneedle arrays and dissolving microneedle arrays. Int J Pharm 2020; 593:120152. [PMID: 33301867 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.120152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune-mediated inflammatory skin diseases, such as psoriasis, alopecia areata, and vitiligo, have been reported as the 4th leading cause of nonfatal disease burden worldwide. This is mainly related to the poor quality of life experienced by these patients. Although topical and systemic steroids represent the most common treatment, the variability in success rates and side effects often lead to treatment discontinuation. Recent off-label clinical studies using oral Janus Kinase (JAK) inhibitors (e.g., ruxolitinib, tofacitinib, baraticinib) have shown promising results. However, frequent side effects, such as infections and blood clots have been reported. Therefore, the aim of this research was to enhance the intradermal delivery of tofacitinib citrate with MN arrays. Using crosslinked hydrogels containing modifying agents (urea, sorbitol and sodium chloride), hollow MN arrays were fabricated and then loaded with tofacitinib citrate. Their efficiency in intradermal delivery of tofacitinib was compared with dissolving MN arrays and a control (Aqueous cream BP), using neonatal porcine skin. Despite the fact that the hydrogel was only present on the outer surface, hollow MN arrays showed comparable resistance to compression values and insertion capabilities to dissolving MN arrays. Although hollow MN arrays containing NaCl in the formulation led to slightly higher depositions of tofacitinib in epidermis and dermis of neonatal porcine skin when compared to a control cream, dissolving MN arrays showed superiority in terms of tofacitinib deposition in the dermis. Indeed, at 24 h of the study, control cream and dissolving MN arrays delivered 143.98 ug/cm2 and 835 ug/cm2 of drug in the dermis, respectively, confirming the enhanced intradermal drug delivery capacity of MN arrays and their potential for treatment of autoimmune skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Cárcamo-Martínez
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Brónach Mallon
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Qonita Kurnia Anjani
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Juan Domínguez-Robles
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Emilia Utomo
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Lalit K Vora
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ismael A Tekko
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Eneko Larrañeta
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
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Guillot AJ, Cordeiro AS, Donnelly RF, Montesinos MC, Garrigues TM, Melero A. Microneedle-Based Delivery: An Overview of Current Applications and Trends. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12060569. [PMID: 32575392 PMCID: PMC7355570 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12060569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Microneedle arrays (MNA) are considered as one of the most promising resources to achieve systemic effects by transdermal delivery of drugs. They are designed as a minimally invasive, painless system which can bypass the stratum corneum, overcoming the potential drawbacks of subcutaneous injections and other transdermal delivery systems such as chemical enhancers, nano and microparticles, or physical treatments. As a trendy field in pharmaceutical and biomedical research, its applications are constantly evolving, even though they are based on very well-established techniques. The number of molecules administered by MNA are also increasing, with insulin and vaccines administration being the most investigated. Furthermore, MNA are being used to deliver cells and applied in other organs and tissues like the eyes and buccal mucosae. This review intends to offer a general overview of the current state of MNA research, focusing on the strategies, applications, and types of molecules delivered recently by these systems. In addition, some information about the materials and manufacturing processes is presented and safety data is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio José Guillot
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Avda. Vincent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (A.J.G.); (A.M.)
| | - Ana Sara Cordeiro
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; (A.S.C.); (R.F.D.)
| | - Ryan F. Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; (A.S.C.); (R.F.D.)
| | - M. Carmen Montesinos
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Avda. Vincent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
- Center of Molecular Recognition and Technological Development (IDM), 46100 Burjassot, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.C.M.); (T.M.G.)
| | - Teresa M. Garrigues
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Avda. Vincent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (A.J.G.); (A.M.)
- Correspondence: (M.C.M.); (T.M.G.)
| | - Ana Melero
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology and Parasitology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Avda. Vincent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Spain; (A.J.G.); (A.M.)
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14
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Lanza JS, Vucen S, Flynn O, Donadei A, Cojean S, Loiseau PM, Fernandes APSM, Frézard F, Moore AC. A TLR9-adjuvanted vaccine formulated into dissolvable microneedle patches or cationic liposomes protects against leishmaniasis after skin or subcutaneous immunization. Int J Pharm 2020; 586:119390. [PMID: 32540349 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Re-emergence and geographic expansion of leishmaniasis is accelerating efforts to develop a safe and effective Leshmania vaccine. Vaccines using Leishmania recombinant antigens, such as LiHyp1, which is mostly present in the amastigote parasite form, are being developed as a next generation to crude killed parasite-based vaccines. The main objective of this work was to develop a LiHyp1-based vaccine and determine if it can induce protective immunity in BALB/c mice when administered using a dissolvable microneedle (DMN) patch by the skin route. The LiHyp1 antigen was incorporated into cationic liposomes (CL), with or without the TLR9 agonist, CpG. The LiHyp1-liposomal vaccines were characterized with respect to size, protein encapsulation rates and retention of their physical characteristics after incorporation into the DMN patch. DMN mechanical strength and skin penetration ability were tested. A vaccine composed of LiHyp1, CpG and liposomes and subcutaneously injected or a vaccine containing antigen and CpG in DMN patches, without liposomes, induced high antibody responses and significant levels of protection against L. donovani parasite infection. This study progresses the development of an efficacious leishmania vaccine by detailing promising vaccine formulations and skin delivery technologies and it addresses protective efficacy of a liposome-based dissolvable microneedle patch vaccine system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane S Lanza
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Antiparasite Chemotherapy, UMR 8076 CNRS BioCIS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Chatenay-Malabry, France
| | - Sonja Vucen
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Olivia Flynn
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Agnese Donadei
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sandrine Cojean
- Antiparasite Chemotherapy, UMR 8076 CNRS BioCIS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Chatenay-Malabry, France
| | - Philippe M Loiseau
- Antiparasite Chemotherapy, UMR 8076 CNRS BioCIS, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Chatenay-Malabry, France
| | - Ana Paula S M Fernandes
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Frédéric Frézard
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Anne C Moore
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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15
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Hao YY, Yang Y, Li QY, Zhang XP, Shen CB, Zhang C, Cui Y, Guo XD. Effect of polymer microneedle pre-treatment on drug distributions in the skin in vivo. J Drug Target 2020; 28:811-817. [PMID: 32297808 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2020.1757101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Solid microneedles (MNs) represent a useful tool for enhancing skin permeability by creating microchannels that provide a drug delivery route. To achieve the solid polymer MNs to become a clinical reality and to be commercialised, it is much essential to understand the skin penetration process. In this work, the effect of polymer MN height and density, drug molecular weight, as well as drug diffusion time on the drug permeability distribution was systemically investigated in vivo. MN with a height of 800 µm was most conductive to enhance the vertical distribution of drug permeation into the skin, while 11 × 11 MN array was most beneficial to promote the horizontal distribution of drug permeation into the skin. In addition, the increasing of drug molecular weight could reduce the drug permeability distribution and Fluorescein isothiocyanate most likely to penetrate into the skin after MNs pre-treatment. With the increase of drug diffusion time, the drug distribution in the subcutaneous gradually weakened until the drug was absorbed by the subcutaneous tissue at 8 h. These results suggest that the solid polymer MNs can penetrate the stratum corneum of the skin for enhancing drug delivery, especially small molecule drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ying Hao
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Qiu Yu Li
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Peng Zhang
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Chang Bing Shen
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Beijing Mainy Biotech Co., Ltd., Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yong Cui
- Department of Dermatology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xin Dong Guo
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, P.R. China
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16
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Zhao Z, Chen Y, Shi Y. Microneedles: a potential strategy in transdermal delivery and application in the management of psoriasis. RSC Adv 2020; 10:14040-14049. [PMID: 35498446 PMCID: PMC9052076 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra00735h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Microneedles, as an updating approach delivering compounds through the skin, is potential in the management of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Zhao
- Department of Dermatology
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital
- Tongji University School of Medicine
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Youdong Chen
- Department of Dermatology
- Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital
- Tongji University School of Medicine
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Yuling Shi
- Institute of Psoriasis
- Tongji University School of Medicine
- Shanghai
- China
- Department of Dermatology
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17
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Expanding the applications of microneedles in dermatology. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019; 140:121-140. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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18
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Mojeiko G, de Brito M, Salata GC, Lopes LB. Combination of microneedles and microemulsions to increase celecoxib topical delivery for potential application in chemoprevention of breast cancer. Int J Pharm 2019; 560:365-376. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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19
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Petrilli R, Lopez RFV. Physical methods for topical skin drug delivery: concepts and applications. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902018000001008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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20
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Ruela ALM, Perissinato AG, Lino MEDS, Mudrik PS, Pereira GR. Evaluation of skin absorption of drugs from topical and transdermal formulations. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-82502016000300018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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21
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Zhu DD, Wang QL, Liu XB, Guo XD. Rapidly separating microneedles for transdermal drug delivery. Acta Biomater 2016; 41:312-9. [PMID: 27265152 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The applications of polymer microneedles (MNs) into human skin emerged as an alternative of the conventional hypodermic needles. However, dissolving MNs require many minutes to be dissolved in the skin and typically have difficulty being fully inserted into the skin, which may lead to the low drug delivery efficiency. To address these issues, we introduce rapidly separating MNs that can rapidly deliver drugs into the skin in a minimally invasive way. For the rapidly separating MNs, drug loaded dissolving MNs are mounted on the top of solid MNs, which are made of biodegradable polylactic acid which eliminate the biohazardous waste. These MNs have sufficient mechanical strength to be inserted into the skin with the drug loaded tips fully embedded for subsequent dissolution. Compared with the traditional MNs, rapidly separating MNs achieve over 90% of drug delivery efficiency in 30s while the traditional MNs needs 2min to achieve the same efficiency. With the in vivo test in mice, the micro-holes caused by rapidly separating MNs can heal in 1h, indicating that the rapidly separating MNs are safe for future applications. These results indicate that the design of rapidly separating dissolvable MNs can offer a quick, high efficient, convenient, safe and potentially self-administered method of drug delivery. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Polymer microneedles offer an attractive, painless and minimally invasive approach for transdermal drug delivery. However, dissolving microneedles require many minutes to be dissolved in the skin and typically have difficulty being fully inserted into the skin due to the skin deformation, which may lead to the low drug delivery efficiency. In this work we proposed rapidly separating microneedles which can deliver over 90% of drug into the skin in 30s. The in vitro and in vivo results indicate that the new design of these microneedles can offer a quick, high efficient, convenient and safe method for transdermal drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Dan Zhu
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Qi Lei Wang
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Xu Bo Liu
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Xin Dong Guo
- Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China.
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22
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Abstract
This review aims to concisely chart the development of two individual research fields, namely nanomedicines, with specific emphasis on nanoparticles (NP) and microparticles (MP), and microneedle (MN) technologies, which have, in the recent past, been exploited in combinatorial approaches for the efficient delivery of a variety of medicinal agents across the skin. This is an emerging and exciting area of pharmaceutical sciences research within the remit of transdermal drug delivery and as such will undoubtedly continue to grow with the emergence of new formulation and fabrication methodologies for particles and MN. Firstly, the fundamental aspects of skin architecture and structure are outlined, with particular reference to their influence on NP and MP penetration. Following on from this, a variety of different particles are described, as are the diverse range of MN modalities currently under development. The review concludes by highlighting some of the novel delivery systems which have been described in the literature exploiting these two approaches and directs the reader towards emerging uses for nanomedicines in combination with MN.
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23
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Molecular targets of quercetin with anti-inflammatory properties in atopic dermatitis. Drug Discov Today 2016; 21:632-9. [PMID: 26905599 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2016.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory skin disease. Over the past few decades, AD has become more prevalent worldwide. Quercetin, a naturally occurring polyphenol, shows antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiallergic activities. Several recent clinical and preclinical findings suggest quercetin as a promising natural treatment for inflammatory skin diseases. Significant progress in elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-AD properties of quercetin has been achieved in the recent years. Here, we discuss the use of quercetin as treatment for AD, with a particular focus on the molecular basis of its effect. We also briefly discuss the approaches to improve the bioavailability of quercetin.
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24
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Rembiesa J, Gari H, Engblom J, Ruzgas T. Amperometric monitoring of quercetin permeation through skin membranes. Int J Pharm 2015; 496:636-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.10.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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25
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Cefali LC, Souza-Moreira TM, Corrêa MA, Salgado HRN, Isaac VLB. Development and evaluation of an emulsion containing lycopene for combating acceleration of skin aging. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-82502015000300010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lycopene, a carotenoid and potent antioxidant is found in large quantities in tomatoes. Lycopene combats diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and different types of cancer, including prostate cancer. However, its topical use in emulsion form for the combat of skin aging is under-explored. The aim of the present study was to develop an emulsion containing lycopene extracted from salad tomatoes and evaluate its cytotoxicity, stability, rheological behavior, antioxidant activity and phytocosmetic permeation. The developed cosmetic comprised an oil phase made up of shea derivatives and was evaluated in terms of its physiochemical stability, spreadability, thermal analysis, rheological behavior, microbiological quality, cytotoxicity, antioxidant activity, cutaneous permeation and retention. The results demonstrate that this phytocosmetic is stable, exhibits satisfactory rheological behavior for a topical formula and is a promising product for combating skin aging.
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26
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Enhancement of in vivo human skin penetration of resveratrol by chitosan-coated lipid microparticles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 135:42-49. [PMID: 26241915 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In this study, lipid microparticles (LMs) uncoated or coated with chitosan, and containing the antioxidant polyphenol, resveratrol were developed in order to enhance its in vivo skin permeation. The LMs loaded with resveratrol were prepared by melt emulsification and sonication, using tristearin as lipidic material and hydrogenated phosphatidylcholine as the surfactant. Two different methods were examined for the coating of the LMs: chitosan addition during LM preparation or treatment of already formed LMs with a chitosan solution. The latter method achieved a better modulation of the in vitro release of resveratrol and hence was used for subsequent studies. The resveratrol loading and mean diameter of the LMs were 4.1 ± 0.3% (w/w) and 5.7 μm and 3.8 ± 0.2 % (w/w) and 6.1 μm for the uncoated and the chitosan-coated LMs, respectively. Chitosan coating changed the LM surface charge, from a negative zeta potential value (-17.8 ± 4.8 mV) for the uncoated particles, to a higher positive values (+64.2 ± 4.4 mV) for the chitosan-coated ones. Creams containing resveratrol free, encapsulated in the uncoated or chitosan-coated LMs were applied to the forearm of human volunteers and the penetration of the polyphenol in the stratum corneum was investigated in vivo by the tape stripping technique. Uncoated LMs did not produce any significant increase in the fraction of the applied resveratrol dose diffused in the stratum corneum (32.8 ± 8.9 %) compared to the control cream containing the non-encapsulated polyphenol (26.2 ± 5.6 % of the applied dose). On the other hand, application of the cream containing the chitosan-coated LMs produced a significant enhancement in the in vivo permeation of resveratrol to 49.3 ± 5.9% of the applied dose, the effect being more marked in the upper region of the horny layer. The observed improvement in the human stratum corneum penetration of resveratrol achieved by the LMs coated with chitosan should favour the efficiency of its topical application.
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27
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Carey JB, Vrdoljak A, O'Mahony C, Hill AVS, Draper SJ, Moore AC. Microneedle-mediated immunization of an adenovirus-based malaria vaccine enhances antigen-specific antibody immunity and reduces anti-vector responses compared to the intradermal route. Sci Rep 2014; 4:6154. [PMID: 25142082 PMCID: PMC4139947 DOI: 10.1038/srep06154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Substantial effort has been placed in developing efficacious recombinant attenuated adenovirus-based vaccines. However induction of immunity to the vector is a significant obstacle to its repeated use. Here we demonstrate that skin-based delivery of an adenovirus-based malaria vaccine, HAdV5-PyMSP142, to mice using silicon microneedles induces equivalent or enhanced antibody responses to the encoded antigen, however it results in decreased anti-vector responses, compared to intradermal delivery. Microneedle-mediated vaccine priming and resultant induction of low anti-vector antibody titres permitted repeated use of the same adenovirus vaccine vector. This resulted in significantly increased antigen-specific antibody responses in these mice compared to ID-treated mice. Boosting with a heterologous vaccine; MVA-PyMSP142 also resulted in significantly greater antibody responses in mice primed with HAdV5-PyMSP142 using MN compared to the ID route. The highest protection against blood-stage malaria challenge was observed when a heterologous route of immunization (MN/ID) was used. Therefore, microneedle-mediated immunization has potential to both overcome some of the logistic obstacles surrounding needle-and-syringe-based immunization as well as to facilitate the repeated use of the same adenovirus vaccine thereby potentially reducing manufacturing costs of multiple vaccines. This could have important benefits in the clinical ease of use of adenovirus-based immunization strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- John B Carey
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Anto Vrdoljak
- School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Conor O'Mahony
- The Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | | | | | - Anne C Moore
- 1] School of Pharmacy, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland [2] Dept. of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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