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Duan X, Zhang Y, Guo M, Fan N, Chen K, Qin S, Xiao W, Zheng Q, Huang H, Wei X, Wei Y, Song X. Sodium alginate coating simultaneously increases the biosafety and immunotherapeutic activity of the cationic mRNA nanovaccine. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 13:942-954. [PMID: 36970209 PMCID: PMC10031150 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The extraordinary advantages associated with mRNA vaccines, including their high efficiency, relatively low severity of side effects, and ease of manufacture, have enabled them to be a promising immunotherapy approach against various infectious diseases and cancers. Nevertheless, most mRNA delivery carriers have many disadvantages, such as high toxicity, poor biocompatibility, and low efficiency in vivo, which have hindered the widespread use of mRNA vaccines. To further characterize and solve these problems and develop a new type of safe and efficient mRNA delivery carrier, a negatively charged SA@DOTAP-mRNA nanovaccine was prepared in this study by coating DOTAP-mRNA with the natural anionic polymer sodium alginate (SA). Intriguingly, the transfection efficiency of SA@DOTAP-mRNA was significantly higher than that of DOTAP-mRNA, which was not due to the increase in cellular uptake but was associated with changes in the endocytosis pathway and the strong lysosome escape ability of SA@DOTAP-mRNA. In addition, we found that SA significantly increased the expression of LUC-mRNA in mice and achieved certain spleen targeting. Finally, we confirmed that SA@DOTAP-mRNA had a stronger antigen-presenting ability in E. G7-OVA tumor-bearing mice, dramatically inducing the proliferation of OVA-specific CLTs and ameliorating the antitumor effect. Therefore, we firmly believe that the coating strategy applied to cationic liposome/mRNA complexes is of potential research value in the field of mRNA delivery and has promising clinical application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Duan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mengran Guo
- West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Na Fan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Kepan Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shugang Qin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wen Xiao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qian Zheng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hai Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiangrong Song
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Corresponding author. Tel./fax: +028 8550 3817.
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2
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Bidar N, Darroudi M, Ebrahimzadeh A, Safdari M, de la Guardia M, Baradaran B, Goodarzi V, Oroojalian F, Mokhtarzadeh A. Simultaneous nanocarrier-mediated delivery of siRNAs and chemotherapeutic agents in cancer therapy and diagnosis: Recent advances. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 915:174639. [PMID: 34919890 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recently, investigations have revealed that RNA interference (RNAi) has a remarkable potential to decrease cancer burden by downregulating genes. Among various RNAi molecules, small interfering RNA (siRNA) has been more attractive for this goal and is able to silence a target pathological path and promote the degradation of a certain mRNA, resulting in either gain or loss of function of proteins. Moreover, therapeutic siRNAs have exhibited low side effects compared to other therapeutic molecular candidates. Nevertheless, siRNA delivery has its own limitations including quick degradation in circulation, ineffective internalization and low passive uptake by cells, possible toxicity against off-target sites, and inducing unfavorable immune responses. Therefore, delivery tools must be able to specifically direct siRNAs to their target locations without inflicting detrimental effects on other sites. To conquer the mentioned problems, nanocarrier-mediated delivery of siRNAs, using inorganic nanoparticles (NPs), polymers, and lipids, has been developed as a biocompatible delivery approach. In this review, we have discussed recent advances in the siRNA delivery methods that employ nanoparticles, lipids, and polymers, as well as the inorganic-based co-delivery systems used to deliver siRNAs and anticancer agents to target cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Bidar
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Majid Darroudi
- Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ailin Ebrahimzadeh
- Department of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Safdari
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Miguel de la Guardia
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Vahabodin Goodarzi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Oroojalian
- Department of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran; Natural Products and Medicinal Plants Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran.
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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3
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Rochani AK, Wheatley M, Oeffinger BE, Eisenbrey JR, Kaushal G. LC-MS based stability-indicating method for studying the degradation of lonidamine under physical and chemical stress conditions. Res Pharm Sci 2020; 15:312-322. [PMID: 33312209 PMCID: PMC7714013 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.293509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose: Lonidamine is a hexokinase II inhibitor, works as an anticancer molecule, and is extensively explored in clinical trials. Limited information prevails about the stability-indicating methods which could determine the forced degradation of lonidamine under stressed conditions. Hence, we report the use of a rapid, sensitive, reproducible, and highly accurate liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry method to analyze lonidamine degradation. Experimental approach: The Xbridge BEH shield reverse phase C18 column (2.5 μm, 4.6 × 75 mm) using isocratic 50:50 water: acetonitrile with 0.1% formic acid can detect lonidamine with help of mass spectrometer in tandem with an ultraviolet (UV) detector at 260 nm wavelength. Findings/ Results: A linear curve with r2 > 0.99 was obtained for tandem liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-UV based detections. This study demonstrated (in the present set up of isocratic elution) that LC-MS based detection has a relatively high sensitivity (S/N (10 ng/mL): 220 and S/N (20 ng/mL): 945) and accuracy at lower detection and quantitation levels, respectively. In addition to developing the LC-MS method, we also report that the current method is stability-indicating and shows that lonidamine gets degraded over time under all three stress conditions; acidic, basic, and oxidative. Conclusion and implications: LC-MS based quantitation of lonidamine proved to be a better method compared to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-UV detections for mapping lonidamine degradation. This is the first report on the stability-indicating method for studying the forced degradation of lonidamine using LC-MS method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Kanaiyalal Rochani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jefferson College of Pharmacy, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Margaret Wheatley
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Brian Edward Oeffinger
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, USA
| | | | - Gagan Kaushal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jefferson College of Pharmacy, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA
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4
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Li Y, Tan X, Liu X, Liu L, Fang Y, Rao R, Ren Y, Yang X, Liu W. Enhanced anticancer effect of doxorubicin by TPGS-coated liposomes with Bcl-2 siRNA-corona for dual suppression of drug resistance. Asian J Pharm Sci 2019; 15:646-660. [PMID: 33193866 PMCID: PMC7610212 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2019.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple drug resistance (MDR) is a tough problem in developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) therapy. Here, we developed TPGS-coated cationic liposomes with Bcl-2 siRNA corona to load doxorubicin (Dox) i.e., Bcl-2 siRNA/Dox-TPGS-LPs, to enhance anticancer effect of Dox in HCC-MDR. TPGS i.e., d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate, inhibited P-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux pump and Bcl-2 siRNA suppressed anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein. The Bcl-2 siRNA loaded in the liposomal corona was observed under transmission electron microscopy. The stability and hemolysis evaluation demonstrated Bcl-2 siRNA/Dox-TPGS-LPs had good biocompatibility and siRNA-corona could protect the liposomal core to avoid the attachment of fetal bovine serum. In drug-resistant cells, TPGS effectively prolonged intracellular Dox retention time and siRNA-corona did improve the internalization of Dox from liposomes. In vitro and in vivo anticancer effect of this dual-functional nanostructure was examined in HCC-MDR Bel7402/5-FU tumor model. MTT assay confirmed the IC50 value of Dox was 20–50 fold higher in Bel7402/5-FU MDR cells than that in sensitive Bel7402 cells. Bcl-2 siRNA corona successfully entered the cytosol of Bel7402/5-FU MDR cells to downregulate Bcl-2 protein levels in vitro and in vivo. Bcl-2 siRNA/Dox-TPGS-LPs showed superior to TPGS- (or siRNA-) linked Dox liposomes in cell apoptosis and cytotoxicity assay in Bel7402/5-FU MDR cells, and 7-fold greater effect than free Dox in tumor growth inhibition of Bel7402/5-FU xenograft nude mice. In conclusion, TPGS-coated cationic liposomes with Bcl-2 siRNA corona had the capacity to inhibit MDR dual-pathways and subsequently improved the anti-tumor activity of the chemotherapeutic agent co-delivered to a level that cannot be achieved by inhibiting a MDR single way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghuan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xi Tan
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xuhan Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Lingyan Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beijing Area Major Laboratory of Peptide and Small Molecular Drugs, Engineering Research Center of Endogenous Prophylactic of Ministry of Education of China, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yan Fang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Rong Rao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ren
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiangliang Yang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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5
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Cohen-Erez I, Issacson C, Lavi Y, Shaco-Levy R, Milam J, Laster B, Gheber LA, Rapaport H. Antitumor Effect of Lonidamine-Polypeptide-Peptide Nanoparticles in Breast Cancer Models. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:32670-32678. [PMID: 31414594 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b09886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biomaterials folded into nanoparticles (NPs) can be utilized as targeted drug delivery systems for cancer therapy. NPs may provide a vehicle for the anticancer drug lonidamine (LND), which inhibits glycolysis but was suspended from use at the clinical trial stage because of its hepatotoxicity due to poor solubility and pharmacokinetic properties. The NPs prepared by coassembly of the anionic polypeptide poly gamma glutamic acid (γ-PGA) and a designed amphiphilic and positively charged peptide (designated as mPoP-NPs) delivered LND to the mitochondria in cell cultures. In this study, we demonstrate that LND-mPoP-NP effective drug concentrations can be increased to reach therapeutically relevant concentrations. The self-assembled NP solution was subjected to snap-freezing and lyophilization and the resultant powder was redissolved in a tenth of the original volume. The NP size and their ability to target the proximity of the mitochondria of breast cancer cells were both maintained in this new formulation, C-LND-mPoP-NPs. Furthermore, these NPs exhibited 40% better cytotoxicity, relative to the nonlyophilized LND-mPoP-NPs and led to tumor growth inhibition with no adverse side effects upon intravenous administration in a xenograft breast cancer murine model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ruthy Shaco-Levy
- Pathology Institute , Soroka Medical Center , Beer-Sheva 84105 , Israel
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6
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Cui PF, Qi LY, Wang Y, Yu RY, He YJ, Xing L, Jiang HL. Dex-Aco coating simultaneously increase the biocompatibility and transfection efficiency of cationic polymeric gene vectors. J Control Release 2019; 303:253-262. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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7
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Ye M, Misra SK, De AK, Ostadhossein F, Singh K, Rund L, Schook L, Pan D. Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Globular Orphan Nuclear Receptor Regulator with Biological Activity in Soft Tissue Sarcoma. J Med Chem 2018; 61:10739-10752. [PMID: 30375864 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Sarcomas are rare and heterogeneous cancer variants of mesenchymal origin. Their genetic heterogeneity coupled with uncertain histogenesis makes them difficult to treat and results in poor prognosis. In this work, we show that structure-based drug discovery involving computational modeling can be used to identify a new retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonist ligand with a bis(indolyl)methane scaffold. This agent co-self-assembles with an amphiphilic diblock copolymer resulting in nanoparticles (Nano-RXR) with excellent kinetic stability, which were evaluated for efficacy and safety in transformed sarcoma cells, 63-3 Cre and 141-10 Cre of pig origin, and in rodent xenograft models. Responses at gene and protein levels established the treatment approach as a highly effective RXR agonist across cell, rodent, and "Oncopig" models. Interestingly, Nano-RXR was not only able to modulate metabolic and transporter genes related to orphan nuclear receptors but also played a major role in modulating programmed cell death in sarcomas developed in Oncopigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Ye
- Department of Bioengineering , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Santosh K Misra
- Department of Bioengineering , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Arun K De
- Department of Animal Sciences , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Agricultural Animal Care and Use Program , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Fatemeh Ostadhossein
- Department of Bioengineering , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Kuldeep Singh
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Laurie Rund
- Department of Animal Sciences , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Agricultural Animal Care and Use Program , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Lawrence Schook
- Department of Animal Sciences , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Agricultural Animal Care and Use Program , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
| | - Dipanjan Pan
- Department of Bioengineering , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Beckman Institute of Advanced Science and Technology , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Mills Breast Cancer Institute , Carle Foundation Hospital , 502 N. Busey , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States.,Carle-Illinois College of Medicine , Urbana , Illinois 61801 , United States
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8
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Afsharzadeh M, Hashemi M, Mokhtarzadeh A, Abnous K, Ramezani M. Recent advances in co-delivery systems based on polymeric nanoparticle for cancer treatment. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2017; 46:1095-1110. [PMID: 28954547 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2017.1376675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a broad term for a class of prevalent diseases as one in three people develop cancer during their lifetime. Although, there are few success stories of cancer therapy, most of the existing medications do not lead to complete recovery. Because of the complexity of cancer, usually a single therapeutic approach is insufficient for the suppression of cancer growth and metastasis. Simultaneous loading and co-delivery of different agents with different physiochemical characteristics to the same tumors have been suggested for minimizing the dose of anticancer drugs and achieving the synergistic therapeutic impacts in cancers treatment. Intense work to develop nanotechnology-based systems as a suitable option for cancer treatment is currently underway. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the co-delivery systems based on polymeric nanoparticles including polymeric micelles, dendrimers, poly-d,l-lactide-co-glycolide, polyethylenimine, poly(l-lysine) and chitosan for efficacious cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Afsharzadeh
- a Pharmaceutical Research Center , Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad , Iran
| | - Maryam Hashemi
- b Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy , Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad , Iran
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- c Immunology Research Center , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran.,d Department of Biotechnology , Higher Education Institute of Rab-Rashid , Tabriz , Iran
| | - Khalil Abnous
- e Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Pharmaceutical Research Center, School of Pharmacy , Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad , Iran
| | - Mohammad Ramezani
- e Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Pharmaceutical Research Center, School of Pharmacy , Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad , Iran
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Abstract
Anticancer therapy has always been a vital challenge for the development of nanomedicine. Repeated single therapeutic agent may lead to undesirable and severe side effects, unbearable toxicity and multidrug resistance due to complex nature of tumor. Nanomedicine-based combination anticancer therapy can synergistically improve antitumor outcomes through multiple-target therapy, decreasing the dose of each therapeutic agent and reducing side effects. There are versatile combinational anticancer strategies such as chemotherapeutic combination, nucleic acid-based co-delivery, intrinsic sensitive and extrinsic stimulus combinational patterns. Based on these combination strategies, various nanocarriers and drug delivery systems were engineered to carry out the efficient co-delivery of combined therapeutic agents for combination anticancer therapy. This review focused on illustrating nanomedicine-based combination anticancer therapy between nucleic acids and small-molecular drugs for synergistically improving anticancer efficacy.
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Abstract
Mitochondria play a key role in ATP generation, redox homeostasis and regulation of apoptosis. Due to the essential role of mitochondria in metabolism and cell survival, targeting mitochondria in cancer cells is considered as an attractive therapeutic strategy. However, metabolic flexibility in cancer cells may enable the upregulation of compensatory pathways, such as glycolysis to support cancer cell survival when mitochondrial metabolism is inhibited. Thus, compounds capable of both targeting mitochondria and inhibiting glycolysis may be particularly useful to overcome such drug-resistant mechanism. This review provides an update on recent development in the field of targeting mitochondria and novel compounds that impact mitochondria, glycolysis or both. Key challenges in this research area and potential solutions are also discussed.
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Shen S, Liu M, Li T, Lin S, Mo R. Recent progress in nanomedicine-based combination cancer therapy using a site-specific co-delivery strategy. Biomater Sci 2017; 5:1367-1381. [DOI: 10.1039/c7bm00297a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This review article highlights the recent progresses in nanomedicine-based combination cancer therapy via site-specific co-delivery strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases
- Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
| | - Meng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases
- Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
| | - Teng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases
- Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
| | - Shiqi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases
- Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
| | - Ran Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases
- Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
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