1
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Cao C, Li Y, Shi F, Jiang S, Li Y, Yang L, Zhou X, Gao Y, Tang F, Li H, Han S, Yu Z, Zou Y, Guo J. Nano co-delivery of doxorubicin and plumbagin achieves synergistic chemotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Pharm 2024; 661:124424. [PMID: 38971510 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is a chemotherapy drug used for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment, but its effectiveness can be dramatically dampened by cancer cell chemoresistance. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is implicated with drug resistance in a range of cancers (e.g., HCC), and the STAT3 inhibition can reverse the resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs. In the present study, a combination regimen to improve the efficiency of DOX was provided via the STAT3 blockade using plumbagin (PLB). A poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) decorated by polyethylene glycol and aminoethyl anisamide was produced in the present study with the hope of generating the nanoparticles for co-delivery of DOX and PLB. The resulting co-formulation suppressed the STAT3 activity and achieved the synergistic chemotherapy, which led to tumor inhibition in the mice with subcutaneous DOX-resistant HCC, without causing any toxicity. The present study reveals the synergism of DOX and PLB, and demonstrates a promising combinatorial approach for treating HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yifei Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Fangzhou Shi
- Department of Geriatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Shanshan Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yutong Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Leilei Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xinyi Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yuqiong Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Feiyan Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Huan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Shulan Han
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Zhuo Yu
- Department of Hepatopathy, Shuguang Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yifang Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Jianfeng Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
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2
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Dominiak K, Gostyńska A, Szulc M, Stawny M. The Anticancer Application of Delivery Systems for Honokiol and Magnolol. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2257. [PMID: 38927963 PMCID: PMC11201421 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16122257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, and the effectiveness of treatment is consistently not at a satisfactory level. This review thoroughly examines the present knowledge and perspectives of honokiol (HON) in cancer therapeutics. The paper synthesizes critical insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the observed anticancer effects, emphasizing both in vitro and in vivo studies. The effects of HON application, primarily in the common types of cancers, are presented. Because the therapeutic potential of HON may be limited by its physicochemical properties, appropriate delivery systems are sought to overcome this problem. This review discusses the effect of different nanotechnology-based delivery systems on the efficiency of HON. The data presented show that HON exhibits anticancer effects and can be successfully administered to the site of action. Honokiol exerts its anticancer activity through several mechanisms. Moreover, some authors used the combinations of classical anticancer drugs with HON. Such an approach is very interesting and worth further investigation. Understanding HON's multiple molecular mechanisms would provide valuable insights into how HON might be developed as an effective therapeutic. Therefore, further research is needed to explore its specific applications and optimize its efficacy in diverse cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Dominiak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Gostyńska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Michał Szulc
- Department of Pharmacology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Maciej Stawny
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznań, Poland;
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3
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Huang L, Luo S, Tong S, Lv Z, Wu J. The development of nanocarriers for natural products. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 16:e1967. [PMID: 38757428 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Natural bioactive compounds from plants exhibit substantial pharmacological potency and therapeutic value. However, the development of most plant bioactive compounds is hindered by low solubility and instability. Conventional pharmaceutical forms, such as tablets and capsules, only partially overcome these limitations, restricting their efficacy. With the recent development of nanotechnology, nanocarriers can enhance the bioavailability, stability, and precise intracellular transport of plant bioactive compounds. Researchers are increasingly integrating nanocarrier-based drug delivery systems (NDDS) into the development of natural plant compounds with significant success. Moreover, natural products benefit from nanotechnological enhancement and contribute to the innovation and optimization of nanocarriers via self-assembly, grafting modifications, and biomimetic designs. This review aims to elucidate the collaborative and reciprocal advancement achieved by integrating nanocarriers with botanical products, such as bioactive compounds, polysaccharides, proteins, and extracellular vesicles. This review underscores the salient challenges in nanomedicine, encompassing long-term safety evaluations of nanomedicine formulations, precise targeting mechanisms, biodistribution complexities, and hurdles in clinical translation. Further, this study provides new perspectives to leverage nanotechnology in promoting the development and optimization of natural plant products for nanomedical applications and guiding the progression of NDDS toward enhanced efficiency, precision, and safety. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shicui Luo
- The Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Sen Tong
- The Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhuo Lv
- The Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Junzi Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Clinical Medical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Yunnan First People's Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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4
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Chen J, Chen K, Xue S, Cheng X, Qi Y, Wang H, Li W, Cheng G, Xiong Y, Mu C, Gu M. Integration of caveolin-mediated cytosolic delivery and enzyme-responsive releasing of squalenoyl nanoparticles enhance the anti-cancer efficacy of chidamide in pancreatic cancer. Int J Pharm 2024; 655:124072. [PMID: 38561133 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
We explored the potential of overcoming the dense interstitial barrier in pancreatic cancer treatment by enhancing the uptake of hydrophilic chemotherapeutic drugs. In this study, we synthesized the squalenoyl-chidamide prodrug (SQ-CHI), linking lipophilic squalene (SQ) with the hydrophilic antitumor drug chidamide (CHI) through a trypsin-responsive bond. Self-assembled nanoparticles with sigma receptor-bound aminoethyl anisamide (AEAA) modification, forming AEAA-PEG-SQ-CHI NPs (A-C NPs, size 116.6 ± 0.4 nm), and reference nanoparticles without AEAA modification, forming mPEG-SQ-CHI NPs (M-C NPs, size 88.3 ± 0.3 nm), were prepared. A-C NPs exhibited significantly higher in vitro CHI release (74.7 %) in 0.5 % trypsin medium compared to release (20.2 %) in medium without trypsin. In vitro cell uptake assays revealed 3.6 and 2.3times higher permeation of A-C NPs into tumorspheres of PSN-1/HPSC or CFPAC-1/HPSC, respectively, compared to M-C NPs. Following intraperitoneal administration to subcutaneous tumor-bearing nude mice, the A-C NPs group demonstrated significant anti-pancreatic cancer efficacy, inducing cancer cell apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation in vivo. Mechanistic studies revealed that AEAA surface modification on nanoparticles promoted intracellular uptake through caveolin-mediated endocytosis. This nanoparticle system presents a novel therapeutic approach for pancreatic cancer treatment, offering a delivery strategy to enhance efficacy through improved tumor permeation, trypsin-responsive drug release, and specific cell surface receptor-mediated intracellular uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyan Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kaidi Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuai Xue
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao Cheng
- Huzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yuwei Qi
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hangjie Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Li
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guilin Cheng
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yang Xiong
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China; Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chaofeng Mu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mancang Gu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China; Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang, China.
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5
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Wang Y, Wang L, Chang H, Shen Q, Zhang S, Sun S, Liu Y, Zheng J, Liu H. Enhancing anti-tumor therapy with agmatine-cholesterol conjugate liposomes: in vitro and in vivo evidence. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024; 14:788-801. [PMID: 37755673 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01433-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we synthesized a novel compound, agmatine-cholesterol conjugate (AG-Chol), to enhance the anti-tumor activity of drug-loaded liposomes. We replaced cholesterol with AG-Chol in preparing doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) liposomes by using an active loading method for DOX. We assessed the physical and chemical properties of the resulting AG-Liposomes and evaluated their efficacy in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that AG-Liposomes were stable with high encapsulation efficiency. Compared with the control liposomes, AG-Liposomes exhibited a slower drug release rate in the release medium at pH 6.8. The in vitro cell experiments demonstrated that AG-Liposomes had higher tumor cell uptake rate, stronger migration inhibition rate, higher apoptosis rate, better anti-clonogenic ability, and higher lysosome escape ability than the control liposomes. In vivo distribution results demonstrate that liposomes prepared with AG-Chol instead of cholesterol can significantly enhance their tumor targeting abilities and reduce their distribution to non-targeted sites. In vivo tumor suppression experiments showed that AG-Liposomes had a higher tumor suppression rate than the control liposomes without causing apparent toxicity to normal tissues, as evidenced by histological staining. Therefore, substituting cholesterol with AG-Chol in the preparation of liposomes can result in enhanced lysosome escape, improved tumor targeting, and increased efficacy of anti-tumor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Henan Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control & Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Linchao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Henan Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control & Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Hanyue Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Henan Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control & Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qing Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Henan Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control & Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Sai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Henan Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control & Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Henan Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control & Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Jiaxin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Henan Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control & Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Hongmin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Henan Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control & Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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6
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Niu Y, Gao T, Ouyang H, Zhang Y, Gong T, Zhang Z, Cao X, Fu Y. Chondroitin Sulfate-Derived Micelles for Adipose Tissue-Targeted Delivery of Celastrol and Phenformin to Enhance Obesity Treatment. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:1271-1289. [PMID: 38315869 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c01216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) are crucial in maintaining a low-grade inflammatory microenvironment in adipose tissues (ATs). Modulating ATM polarization to attenuate inflammation represents a potential strategy for treating obesity with insulin resistance. This study develops a combination therapy of celastrol (CLT) and phenformin (PHE) using chondroitin sulfate-derived micelles. Specifically, CLT-loaded 4-aminophenylboronic acid pinacol ester-modified chondroitin sulfate micelle (CS-PBE/CLT) and chondroitin sulfate-phenformin conjugate micelles (CS-PHE) were synthesized, which were shown to actively target ATs through CD44-mediated pathways. Furthermore, the dual micellar systems significantly reduced inflammation and lipid accumulation via protein quantification and Oil Red O staining. In preliminary in vivo studies, we performed H&E staining, immunohistochemical staining, insulin tolerance test, and glucose tolerance test, and the results showed that the combination therapy using CS-PBE/CLT and CS-PHE micelles significantly reduced the average body weight, white adipose tissue mass, and liver mass of high-fat diet-fed mice while improving their systemic glucose homeostasis. Overall, this combination therapy presents a promising alternative to current treatment options for diet-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Niu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tingting Gao
- School of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
- The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administrate of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Hongling Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yunxiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tao Gong
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhirong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xi Cao
- School of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
- The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administrate of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yao Fu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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7
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Tiwari H, Rai N, Singh S, Gupta P, Verma A, Singh AK, Kajal, Salvi P, Singh SK, Gautam V. Recent Advances in Nanomaterials-Based Targeted Drug Delivery for Preclinical Cancer Diagnosis and Therapeutics. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:760. [PMID: 37508788 PMCID: PMC10376516 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10070760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Nano-oncology is a branch of biomedical research and engineering that focuses on using nanotechnology in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Nanomaterials are extensively employed in the field of oncology because of their minute size and ultra-specificity. A wide range of nanocarriers, such as dendrimers, micelles, PEGylated liposomes, and polymeric nanoparticles are used to facilitate the efficient transport of anti-cancer drugs at the target tumor site. Real-time labeling and monitoring of cancer cells using quantum dots is essential for determining the level of therapy needed for treatment. The drug is targeted to the tumor site either by passive or active means. Passive targeting makes use of the tumor microenvironment and enhanced permeability and retention effect, while active targeting involves the use of ligand-coated nanoparticles. Nanotechnology is being used to diagnose the early stage of cancer by detecting cancer-specific biomarkers using tumor imaging. The implication of nanotechnology in cancer therapy employs photoinduced nanosensitizers, reverse multidrug resistance, and enabling efficient delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 and RNA molecules for therapeutic applications. However, despite recent advancements in nano-oncology, there is a need to delve deeper into the domain of designing and applying nanoparticles for improved cancer diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshita Tiwari
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
- Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Nilesh Rai
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Swati Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Priyamvada Gupta
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Ashish Verma
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Akhilesh Kumar Singh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Sciences, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Kajal
- Department of Agriculture Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar 140306, India
| | - Prafull Salvi
- Department of Agriculture Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar 140306, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Vibhav Gautam
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
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8
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Liang L, Wu X, Shi C, Wen H, Wu S, Chen J, Huang C, Wang Y, Liu Y. Synthesis and characterization of polypyridine ruthenium(II) complexes and anticancer efficacy studies in vivo and in vitro. J Inorg Biochem 2022; 236:111963. [PMID: 35988387 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.111963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In this article, ligand IPP (IPP = 4-(1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthrolin-2-yl)-N,N-diphenylaniline) and its three Ru(II) complexes: [Ru(bpy)2(IPP)](ClO4)2 (1) (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine), [Ru(dmbpy)2(IPP)](ClO4)2 (2) (dmbpy = 4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine), and [Ru(phen)2(IPP)](ClO4)2 (3) (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) were synthesized and characterized. The anticancer activity in vitro of the complexes was investigated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method. The scratching and colony-forming experiments confirmed the complexes 1, 2, 3 interfered with the proliferation and migration ability of cells. The accumulation of the complexes in cells was researched and we found that these complexes directly accumulated in mitochondria, then the complexes cause a decline of the mitochondrial membrane potential and induce an increase of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. The growth of B16 cells were inhibited by 1, 2 and 3 at G0/G1 phase. Apoptosis was induced through mitochondrial pathway and the expression of apoptosis-related factors was regulated. In addition, the complexes promoted the transition of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase (PARP) into the cleaved form (Cleaved PARP), downregulated the anti-apoptotic proteins, and upregulated the pro-apoptotic proteins. Consequently, complexes 1, 2 and 3 exerted their anticancer activity by regulating B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) family proteins. Complex 2 showed excellent antitumor effects with a high inhibitory rate of 65.95% in vivo. Taken together, the complexes cause apoptosis in B16 cells through a ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Xiaoyun Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Chuanling Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Haoyu Wen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Shouhai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, PR China.
| | - Jing Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Chunxia Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yunjun Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Center of Topical Precise Drug Delivery System, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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