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Kochmann J, Laier M, Klimpel S, Wick A, Kunkel U, Oehlmann J, Jourdan J. Infection with acanthocephalans increases tolerance of Gammarus roeselii (Crustacea: Amphipoda) to pyrethroid insecticide deltamethrin. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:55582-55595. [PMID: 36897452 PMCID: PMC10121498 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26193-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Crustacean amphipods serve as intermediate hosts for parasites and are at the same time sensitive indicators of environmental pollution in aquatic ecosystems. The extent to which interaction with the parasite influences their persistence in polluted ecosystems is poorly understood. Here, we compared infections of Gammarus roeselii with two species of Acanthocephala, Pomphorhynchus laevis, and Polymorphus minutus, along a pollution gradient in the Rhine-Main metropolitan region of Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Prevalence of P. laevis was very low at the unpolluted upstream reaches (P ≤ 3%), while higher prevalence (P ≤ 73%) and intensities of up to 9 individuals were found further downstream-close to an effluent of a large wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Co-infections of P. minutus and P. laevis occurred in 11 individuals. Highest prevalence of P. minutus was P ≤ 9% and one parasite per amphipod host was the maximum intensity recorded. In order to assess whether the infection affects survival in the polluted habitats, we tested the sensitivity of infected and uninfected amphipods towards the pyrethroide insecticide deltamethrin. We found an infection-dependent difference in sensitivity within the first 72 h, with an effect concentration (24 h EC50) of 49.8 ng/l and 26.6 ng/l for infected and uninfected G. roeselii, respectively. Whereas final host abundance might partially explain the high prevalence of P. laevis in G. roeselii, the results of the acute toxicity test suggest a beneficial effect of acanthocephalan infection for G. roeselii at polluted sites. A strong accumulation of pollutants in the parasite could serve as a sink for pesticide exposure of the host. Due to the lack of a co-evolutionary history between parasite and host and a lack of behavioral manipulation (unlike in co-evolved gammarids), the predation risk by fish remains the same, explaining high local prevalence. Thus, our study exemplifies how organismic interaction can favor the persistence of a species under chemical pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Kochmann
- Department of Integrative Parasitology and Zoophysiology, Goethe University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 13, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Senckenberganlage 25, D-60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Hanns-Dieter-Hüsch Weg 15, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Melanie Laier
- Department of Integrative Parasitology and Zoophysiology, Goethe University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 13, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Department Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Goethe University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 13, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sven Klimpel
- Department of Integrative Parasitology and Zoophysiology, Goethe University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 13, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Senckenberganlage 25, D-60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Arne Wick
- Federal Institute of Hydrology, Am Mainzer Tor 1, D-56068 Koblenz, Germany
| | - Uwe Kunkel
- Federal Institute of Hydrology, Am Mainzer Tor 1, D-56068 Koblenz, Germany
- Present Address: Bavarian Environment Agency, Specific Analysis for Environmental Monitoring, Bürgermeister-Ulrich-Str. 160, D-86179 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Oehlmann
- Department Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Goethe University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 13, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jonas Jourdan
- Department Aquatic Ecotoxicology, Goethe University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 13, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Fanton H, Franquet E, Logez M, Cavalli L, Kaldonski N. Acanthocephalan parasites reflect ecological status of freshwater ecosystem. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 838:156091. [PMID: 35609694 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Acanthocephalans' position in food webs, in close interaction with free-living species, could provide valuable information about freshwater ecosystem health through the viability of the parasites' host populations. We explored Pomphorhynchus laevis cystacanths' and adults' intensities of infection, and the prevalence of infected hosts respectively in their Gammarus pulex intermediate hosts and Squalius cephalus definitive hosts in a Mediterranean river. First, we analysed the relationship between P. laevis intensity of infection, its two hosts populations and the other acanthocephalan species found (Pomphorhynchus tereticollis and Polymorphus minutus). Second, we characterised the influence of bacteriological, physicochemical and biological water parameters on these acanthocephalans, and their intermediate and definitive hosts. This research highlights that P. laevis infection was closely related to their two preferential hosts population in the river. Moreover, P. laevis intensity of infection was positively correlated with organic pollution in the river but negatively correlated with biodiversity and with ecological indexes of quality. Pomphorhynchus laevis could thus benefit from moderate freshwater pollution, which promotes their tolerant intermediate and definitive hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadrien Fanton
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France.
| | - Evelyne Franquet
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
| | - Maxime Logez
- INRAE, Aix Marseille Univ, RECOVER, Aix-en-Provence, France; INRAE, UR RiverLy, F-69625 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Laurent Cavalli
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas Kaldonski
- Aix Marseille Univ, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France
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Schmidt H, Mauer K, Hankeln T, Herlyn H. Host-dependent impairment of parasite development and reproduction in the acanthocephalan model. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:75. [PMID: 35642000 PMCID: PMC9153150 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00818-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A central question in parasitology is why parasites mature and reproduce in some host species but not in others. Yet, a better understanding of the inability of parasites to complete their life cycles in less suitable hosts may hold clues for their control. To shed light on the molecular basis of parasite (non-)maturation, we analyzed transcriptomes of thorny-headed worms (Acanthocephala: Pomphorhynchus laevis), and compared developmentally arrested worms excised from European eel (Anguilla anguilla) to developmentally unrestricted worms from barbel (Barbus barbus). RESULTS Based on 20 RNA-Seq datasets, we demonstrate that transcriptomic profiles are more similar between P. laevis males and females from eel than between their counterparts from barbel. Impairment of sexual phenotype development was reflected in gene ontology enrichment analyses of genes having differential transcript abundances. Genes having reproduction- and energy-related annotations were found to be affected by parasitizing either eel or barbel. According to this, the molecular machinery of male and female acanthocephalans from the eel is less tailored to reproduction and more to coping with the less suitable environment provided by this host. The pattern was reversed in their counterparts from the definitive host, barbel. CONCLUSIONS Comparative analysis of transcriptomes of developmentally arrested and reproducing parasites elucidates the challenges parasites encounter in hosts which are unsuitable for maturation and reproduction. By studying a gonochoric species, we were also able to highlight sex-specific traits. In fact, transcriptomic evidence for energy shortage in female acanthocephalans associates with their larger body size. Thus, energy metabolism and glycolysis should be promising targets for the treatment of acanthocephaliasis. Although inherently enabling a higher resolution in heterosexuals, the comparison of parasites from definitive hosts and less suitable hosts, in which the parasites merely survive, should be applicable to hermaphroditic helminths. This may open new perspectives in the control of other helminth pathogens of humans and livestock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanno Schmidt
- Anthropology, Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution (iomE), Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Katharina Mauer
- Anthropology, Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution (iomE), Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Hankeln
- Molecular Genetics and Genomic Analysis, Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution (iomE), Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Holger Herlyn
- Anthropology, Institute of Organismic and Molecular Evolution (iomE), Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
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Chen W, Wainer J, Ryoo SW, Qi X, Chang R, Li J, Lee SH, Min S, Wentworth A, Collins JE, Tamang S, Ishida K, Hayward A, Langer R, Traverso G. Dynamic omnidirectional adhesive microneedle system for oral macromolecular drug delivery. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabk1792. [PMID: 34985942 PMCID: PMC8730401 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abk1792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Oral drug administration remains the preferred route for patients and health care providers. Delivery of macromolecules through this route remains challenging because of limitations imposed by the transport across the gastrointestinal epithelium and the dynamic and degradative environment. Here, we present the development of a delivery system that combines physical (microneedle) and nonphysical (enhancer) modes of drug delivery enhancement for a macromolecule in a large animal model. Inspired by the thorny-headed intestinal worm, we report a dynamic omnidirectional mucoadhesive microneedle system capable of prolonged gastric mucosa fixation. Moreover, we incorporate sodium N-[8-(2-hydroxybenzoyl) amino] caprylate along with semaglutide and demonstrate enhanced absorption in swine resistant to physical displacement in the gastric cavity. Meanwhile, we developed a targeted capsule system capable of deploying intact microneedle-containing systems. These systems stand to enable the delivery of a range of drugs through the generation and maintenance of a privileged region in the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jacob Wainer
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Si Won Ryoo
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Xiaoyue Qi
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Rong Chang
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jason Li
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Seung Ho Lee
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Seokkee Min
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Adam Wentworth
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joy E. Collins
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Siddartha Tamang
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Keiko Ishida
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alison Hayward
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Robert Langer
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Giovanni Traverso
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Caballero‐Viñas C, Sánchez‐Nava P, Aguilar‐Ortigoza C, Morrone JJ. Dispersal of North American Polymorphidae (Acanthocephala) and aquatic birds (Anatidae and Rallidae) along the Central Migratory Flyway. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Caballero‐Viñas
- Laboratorio de Sistemas Biosustentables Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México Toluca Estado de México Mexico
| | - Petra Sánchez‐Nava
- Laboratorio de Sistemas Biosustentables Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México Toluca Estado de México Mexico
| | | | - Juan J. Morrone
- Departamento de Biología Evolutiva Facultad de Ciencias Museo de Zoología “Alfonso L. Herrera” Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) Mexico City Mexico
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Ros AFH, Basen T, Teschner RJ, Brinker A. Morphological and molecular data show no evidence of the proposed replacement of endemic Pomphorhynchus tereticollis by invasive P. laevis in salmonids in southern Germany. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234116. [PMID: 32544162 PMCID: PMC7297375 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in parasite communities might result in new host-parasite dynamics and may threaten local fish populations. This phenomenon has been suggested for acanthocephalan parasites in the river Rhine and Danube where the species Pomphorhynchus tereticollis is becoming replaced by the Ponto-Caspian P. laevis. Developing knowledge on morphologic, genetic and behavioural differences between such species is important to follow such changes. However, disagreements on the current phylogeny of these two acanthocephalan species are producing conflicts that is affecting their correct identification. This study is offering a clearer morphological and genetic distinction between these two species. As P. tereticollis is found in rhithral tributaries of the Rhine, it was questioned whether the local salmonid populations were hosts for this species and whether P. laevis was expanding into the Rhine watershed as well. In order to test for this, brown trout, Salmo trutta, and grayling, Thymallus thymallus from South-Western Germany watersheds have been samples and screened for the occurrence of acanthocephalan parasites. For the first time, both species were confirmed to be hosts for P. tereticollis in continental Europe. P. tereticollis was found to be common, whereas P. leavis was found only at a single location in the Danube. This pattern suggest either that the expansion of P. laevis through salmonid hosts into rhithral rivers has not yet occurred, or that not yet ascertained biotic or abiotic features of rhithral rivers hinder P. laevis to spread into these areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert F. H. Ros
- Fisheries Research Station Baden-Württemberg, LAZBW, Langenargen, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Timo Basen
- Fisheries Research Station Baden-Württemberg, LAZBW, Langenargen, Germany
| | - Ruben J. Teschner
- Fisheries Research Station Baden-Württemberg, LAZBW, Langenargen, Germany
| | - Alexander Brinker
- Fisheries Research Station Baden-Württemberg, LAZBW, Langenargen, Germany
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Tierney PA, Caffrey JM, Vogel S, Matthews SM, Costantini E, Holland CV. Invasive freshwater fish (Leuciscus leuciscus) acts as a sink for a parasite of native brown trout Salmo trutta. Biol Invasions 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-020-02253-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Morphological comparison of genetically differentiated Polymorphus cf. minutus types. Parasitol Res 2019; 119:153-163. [PMID: 31786696 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-019-06525-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we analyzed the morphology of three genetic types of the bird-infecting acanthocephalan Polymorphus cf. minutus (PspT1, PspT2, PspT3), mainly based on the cystacanth-stage obtained from amphipods (Gammarus fossarum, Gammarus pulex, Gammarus roeselii, Echinogammarus spp.). Males and females were pooled as there was no considerable difference between the sexes concerning the hook measurements. Additionally, we conducted a laboratory infection of one domestic duck for each Polymorphus type, to compare their performance and localization in this host species, and to obtain adult specimens for morphological comparison. The recovery rate from the ducks 4 weeks after infection was 16% for PspT1, 23.8% for PspT2, and 25% for PspT3. The adult worms were gravid, and the females contained mature eggs. Hook size did not differ considerably between cystacanths and adults of the respective type. The three Polymorphus types could be distinguished based on the cystacanth stage by a linear discriminant analysis that included hook measurements, proboscis length, proboscis width, and number of longitudinal hook rows and hooks per row. Furthermore, PspT3 was more different from PspT1 and PspT2 than the latter types from each other. Mainly the number of longitudinal hook rows differed in PspT3 from the existing descriptions of P. minutus (mainly 14 vs. mainly 16 rows). Potentially, PspT3 could be a non-indigenous parasite that was introduced with G. roeselii and that adapted to use the indigenous G. pulex as a host, while PspT2 might have been introduced to central Europe together with Echinogammarus spp.
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Galipaud M, Bollache L, Lagrue C. Acanthocephalan infection patterns in amphipods: a reappraisal in the light of recently discovered host cryptic diversity. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2019; 136:107-121. [PMID: 31575838 DOI: 10.3354/dao03379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Amphipods are model species in studies of pervasive biological patterns such as sexual selection, size assortative pairing and parasite infection patterns. Cryptic diversity (i.e. morphologically identical but genetically divergent lineages) has recently been detected in several species. Potential effects of such hidden diversity on biological patterns remain unclear, but potentially significant, and beg the question of whether we have missed part of the picture by involuntarily overlooking the occurrence and effects of cryptic diversity on biological patterns documented by previous studies. Here we tested for potential effects of cryptic diversity on parasite infection patterns in amphipod populations and discuss the implications of our results in the context of previously documented host-parasite infection patterns, especially amphipod-acanthocephalan associations. We assessed infection levels (prevalence and abundance) of 3 acanthocephalan species (Pomphorhynchus laevis, P. tereticollis and Polymorphus minutus) among cryptic lineages of the Gammarus pulex/G. fossarum species complex and G. roeseli from sampling sites where they occur in sympatry. We also evaluated potential differences in parasite-induced mortality among host molecular operational taxonomic units (MOTUs)-parasite species combinations. Acanthocephalan prevalence, abundance and parasite-induced mortality varied widely among cryptic MOTUs and parasite species; infection patterns were more variable among MOTUs than sampling sites. Overall, cryptic diversity in amphipods strongly influenced apparent infection levels and parasite-induced mortality. Future research on species with cryptic diversity should account for potential effects on documented biological patterns. Results from previous studies may also need to be reassessed in light of cryptic diversity and its pervasive effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Galipaud
- Laboratoire Biogéosciences, UMR CNRS 6282 , Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
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Sures B, Nachev M, Grabner D. The Rhine as Hotspot of Parasite Invasions. PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH MONOGRAPHS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-29061-0_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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