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Retsa C, Turpin H, Geiser E, Ansermet F, Müller-Nix C, Murray MM. Longstanding Auditory Sensory and Semantic Differences in Preterm Born Children. Brain Topogr 2024; 37:536-551. [PMID: 38010487 PMCID: PMC11199270 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-023-01022-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
More than 10% of births are preterm, and the long-term consequences on sensory and semantic processing of non-linguistic information remain poorly understood. 17 very preterm-born children (born at < 33 weeks gestational age) and 15 full-term controls were tested at 10 years old with an auditory object recognition task, while 64-channel auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) were recorded. Sounds consisted of living (animal and human vocalizations) and manmade objects (e.g. household objects, instruments, and tools). Despite similar recognition behavior, AEPs strikingly differed between full-term and preterm children. Starting at 50ms post-stimulus onset, AEPs from preterm children differed topographically from their full-term counterparts. Over the 108-224ms post-stimulus period, full-term children showed stronger AEPs in response to living objects, whereas preterm born children showed the reverse pattern; i.e. stronger AEPs in response to manmade objects. Differential brain activity between semantic categories could reliably classify children according to their preterm status. Moreover, this opposing pattern of differential responses to semantic categories of sounds was also observed in source estimations within a network of occipital, temporal and frontal regions. This study highlights how early life experience in terms of preterm birth shapes sensory and object processing later on in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysa Retsa
- The Radiology Department, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- The Sense Innovation and Research Center, Lausanne and Sion, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Hélène Turpin
- The Radiology Department, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- University Service of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital of Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eveline Geiser
- The Radiology Department, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - François Ansermet
- University Service of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital of Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Carole Müller-Nix
- University Service of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital of Lausanne and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Micah M Murray
- The Radiology Department, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- The Sense Innovation and Research Center, Lausanne and Sion, Lausanne, Switzerland
- CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
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2
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Can tactile reactivity in preterm born infants be explained by an immature cortical response to tactile stimulation in the first year? A pilot study. J Perinatol 2022:10.1038/s41372-022-01536-w. [PMID: 36261619 DOI: 10.1038/s41372-022-01536-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare preterm (PT) and full-term (FT) infants' adaptive behavior and functional cortical response to tactile stimulus, as measured by Test of Sensory Functions in Infants and functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS). Outcome measures were taken at 6 (PT = 26/FT = 21 infants) and 12 months (PT = 15/FT = 14 infants). At 6 months, poorer tactile reactivity was observed in PT, but not confirmed at 12 months. At 6 months, cortical response to tactile stimulus was found in the primary sensorimotor cortex and differences between groups did not reach significance. At 12 months, cortical response was found in the primary sensorimotor cortex and premotor area and in the somatosensory associative area, with significant less frequent response in premotor area in PT. The findings reinforce fNIRS as a tool to complement the knowledge of tactile adaptive behaviors in PT in early life.
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3
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Bakalar D, O’Reilly JJ, Lacaille H, Salzbank J, Ellegood J, Lerch JP, Sasaki T, Imamura Y, Hashimoto-Torii K, Vacher CM, Penn AA. Lack of placental neurosteroid alters cortical development and female somatosensory function. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:972033. [PMID: 36313771 PMCID: PMC9606442 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.972033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Placental endocrine function is essential to fetal brain development. Placental hormones include neurosteroids such as allopregnanolone (ALLO), a regulator of neurodevelopmental processes via positive allosteric modulation of the GABAA receptor (GABAA-R). Using a mouse model (plKO) in which the gene encoding the ALLO synthesis enzyme is specifically deleted in trophoblasts, we previously showed that placental ALLO insufficiency alters cerebellar white matter development and leads to male-specific autistic-like behavior. We now demonstrate that the lack of placental ALLO causes female-predominant alterations of cortical development and function. Placental ALLO insufficiency disrupts cell proliferation in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) in a sex-linked manner. Early changes are seen in plKO embryos of both sexes, but persist primarily in female offspring after birth. Adolescent plKO females show significant reduction in pyramidal neuron density, as well as somatosensory behavioral deficits as compared with plKO males and control littermates. Assessment of layer-specific markers in human postmortem cortices suggests that preterm infants may also have female-biased abnormalities in cortical layer specification as compared with term infants. This study establishes a novel and fundamental link between placental function and sex-linked long-term neurological outcomes, emphasizing the importance of the growing field of neuroplacentology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Bakalar
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children’s Research Institute, Children’s National Health System, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Jiaqi J. O’Reilly
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, NewYork-Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children’s Hospital, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Helene Lacaille
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, NewYork-Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children’s Hospital, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jacquelyn Salzbank
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, NewYork-Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children’s Hospital, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jacob Ellegood
- Mouse Imaging Centre (MICe), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jason P. Lerch
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging (WIN), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Toru Sasaki
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children’s Research Institute, Children’s National Health System, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Yuka Imamura
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Kazue Hashimoto-Torii
- Center for Neuroscience Research, Children’s Research Institute, Children’s National Health System, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Claire-Marie Vacher
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, NewYork-Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children’s Hospital, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Anna A. Penn
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, NewYork-Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children’s Hospital, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
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4
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Schmidt Mellado G, Pillay K, Adams E, Alarcon A, Andritsou F, Cobo MM, Evans Fry R, Fitzgibbon S, Moultrie F, Baxter L, Slater R. The impact of premature extrauterine exposure on infants' stimulus-evoked brain activity across multiple sensory systems. Neuroimage Clin 2021; 33:102914. [PMID: 34915328 PMCID: PMC8683775 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Prematurity can result in widespread neurodevelopmental impairment, with the impact of premature extrauterine exposure on brain function detectable in infancy. A range of neurodynamic and haemodynamic functional brain measures have previously been employed to study the neurodevelopmental impact of prematurity, with methodological and analytical heterogeneity across studies obscuring how multiple sensory systems are affected. Here, we outline a standardised template analysis approach to measure evoked response magnitudes for visual, tactile, and noxious stimulation in individual infants (n = 15) using EEG. By applying these templates longitudinally to an independent cohort of very preterm infants (n = 10), we observe that the evoked response template magnitudes are significantly associated with age-related maturation. Finally, in a cross-sectional study we show that the visual and tactile response template magnitudes differ between a cohort of infants who are age-matched at the time of study but who differ according to whether they are born during the very preterm or late preterm period (n = 10 and 8 respectively). These findings demonstrate the significant impact of premature extrauterine exposure on brain function and suggest that prematurity can accelerate maturation of the visual and tactile sensory system in infants born very prematurely. This study highlights the value of using a standardised multi-modal evoked-activity analysis approach to assess premature neurodevelopment, and will likely complement resting-state EEG and behavioural assessments in the study of the functional impact of developmental care interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kirubin Pillay
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Eleri Adams
- Newborn Care Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Ana Alarcon
- Newborn Care Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK; Department of Neonatology, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Deu, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Maria M Cobo
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Colegio de Ciencias Biologicas y Ambientales, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Ria Evans Fry
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sean Fitzgibbon
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Fiona Moultrie
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Luke Baxter
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Rebeccah Slater
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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5
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Leikos S, Tokariev A, Koolen N, Nevalainen P, Vanhatalo S. Cortical responses to tactile stimuli in preterm infants. Eur J Neurosci 2019; 51:1059-1073. [PMID: 31679163 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The conventional assessment of preterm somatosensory functions using averaged cortical responses to electrical stimulation ignores the characteristic components of preterm somatosensory evoked responses (SERs). Our study aimed to systematically evaluate the occurrence and development of SERs after tactile stimulus in preterm infants. We analysed SERs performed during 45 electroencephalograms (EEGs) from 29 infants at the mean post-menstrual age of 30.7 weeks. Altogether 2,087 SERs were identified visually at single-trial level from unfiltered signals capturing also their slowest components. We observed salient SERs with a high-amplitude slow component at a high success rate after hand (95%) and foot (83%) stimuli. There was a clear developmental change in both the slow wave and the higher-frequency components of the SERs. Infants with intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH; eleven infants) had initially normal SERs, but those with bilateral IVH later showed a developmental decrease in the ipsilateral SER occurrence after 30 weeks of post-menstrual age. Our study shows that tactile stimulus applied at bedside elicits salient SERs with a large slow component and an overriding fast oscillation, which are specific to the preterm period. Prior experimental research indicates that such SERs allow studying both subplate and cortical functions. Our present findings further suggest that they might offer a window to the emergence of neurodevelopmental sequelae after major structural brain lesions and, hence, an additional tool for both research and clinical neurophysiological evaluation of infants before term age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Leikos
- Children's Clinical Neurophysiology, BABA Center, Children's Hospital, HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anton Tokariev
- Children's Clinical Neurophysiology, BABA Center, Children's Hospital, HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ninah Koolen
- Children's Clinical Neurophysiology, BABA Center, Children's Hospital, HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Päivi Nevalainen
- Children's Clinical Neurophysiology, BABA Center, Children's Hospital, HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sampsa Vanhatalo
- Children's Clinical Neurophysiology, BABA Center, Children's Hospital, HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Chen YH, Saby J, Kuschner E, Gaetz W, Edgar JC, Roberts TPL. Magnetoencephalography and the infant brain. Neuroimage 2019; 189:445-458. [PMID: 30685329 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.01.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a non-invasive neuroimaging technique that provides whole-head measures of neural activity with millisecond temporal resolution. Over the last three decades, MEG has been used for assessing brain activity, most commonly in adults. MEG has been used less often to examine neural function during early development, in large part due to the fact that infant whole-head MEG systems have only recently been developed. In this review, an overview of infant MEG studies is provided, focusing on the period from birth to three years. The advantages of MEG for measuring neural activity in infants are highlighted (See Box 1), including the ability to assess activity in brain (source) space rather than sensor space, thus allowing direct assessment of neural generator activity. Recent advances in MEG hardware and source analysis are also discussed. As the review indicates, efforts in this area demonstrate that MEG is a promising technology for studying the infant brain. As a noninvasive technology, with emerging hardware providing the necessary sensitivity, an expected deliverable is the capability for longitudinal infant MEG studies evaluating the developmental trajectory (maturation) of neural activity. It is expected that departures from neuro-typical trajectories will offer early detection and prognosis insights in infants and toddlers at-risk for neurodevelopmental disorders, thus paving the way for early targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Han Chen
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Dept. of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Joni Saby
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Dept. of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Emily Kuschner
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Dept. of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - William Gaetz
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Dept. of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - J Christopher Edgar
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Dept. of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Timothy P L Roberts
- Lurie Family Foundations MEG Imaging Center, Dept. of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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Bröring T, Königs M, Oostrom KJ, Lafeber HN, Brugman A, Oosterlaan J. Sensory processing difficulties in school-age children born very preterm: An exploratory study. Early Hum Dev 2018; 117:22-31. [PMID: 29227903 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Very preterm birth has a detrimental impact on the developing brain, including widespread white matter brain abnormalities that threaten efficient sensory processing. Yet, sensory processing difficulties in very preterm children are scarcely studied, especially at school age. AIMS To investigate somatosensory registration, multisensory integration and sensory modulation. PARTICIPANTS 57 very preterm school-age children (mean age=9.2years) were compared to 56 gender and age matched full-term children. METHODS Group differences on somatosensory registration tasks (Registration of Light Touch, Sensory Discrimination of Touch, Position Sense, Graphestesia), a computerized multisensory integration task, and the parent-reported Sensory Profile were investigated using t-tests and Mann-Whitney U tests. RESULTS In comparison to full-term children, very preterm children are less accurate on somatosensory registration tasks, including Registration of Light Touch (d=0.34), Position Sense (d=0.31) and Graphestesia (d=0.42) and show more sensory modulation difficulties (d=0.41), including both behavioral hyporesponsivity (d=0.52) and hyperresponsivity (d=0.56) to sensory stimuli. Tactile discrimination and multisensory integration efficiency were not affected in very preterm children. Aspects of sensory processing were only modestly related. CONCLUSION Very preterm children show sensory processing difficulties regarding somatosensory registration and sensory modulation, and preserved multisensory (audio-visual) integration. Follow-up care for very preterm children should involve screening of sensory processing difficulties at least up to school age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tinka Bröring
- Department of Medical Psychology, VU University Medical Center, de Boelelaan 1118, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Marsh Königs
- Department of Pediatrics, Emma Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Center, PO Box 22660, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Kim J Oostrom
- Department of Medical Psychology, VU University Medical Center, de Boelelaan 1118, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Psychosocial Department, Emma Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Center, PO Box 22660, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Harrie N Lafeber
- Department of Pediatrics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1118, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Anniek Brugman
- Department of Medical Psychology, VU University Medical Center, de Boelelaan 1118, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap Oosterlaan
- Department of Pediatrics, Emma Children's Hospital, Academic Medical Center, PO Box 22660, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1118, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Clinical Neuropsychology Section, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, van der Boechorstraat 1, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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8
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Bröring T, Oostrom KJ, Lafeber HN, Jansma EP, Oosterlaan J. Sensory modulation in preterm children: Theoretical perspective and systematic review. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170828. [PMID: 28182680 PMCID: PMC5300179 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurodevelopmental sequelae in preterm born children are generally considered to result from cerebral white matter damage and noxious effects of environmental factors in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Cerebral white matter damage is associated with sensory processing problems in terms of registration, integration and modulation. However, research into sensory processing problems and, in particular, sensory modulation problems, is scarce in preterm children. AIM This review aims to integrate available evidence on sensory modulation problems in preterm infants and children (<37 weeks of gestation) and their association with neurocognitive and behavioral problems. METHOD Relevant studies were extracted from PubMed, EMBASE.com and PsycINFO following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Selection criteria included assessment of sensory modulation in preterm born children (<37 weeks of gestation) or with prematurity as a risk factor. RESULTS Eighteen studies were included. Results of this review support the presence of sensory modulation problems in preterm children. Although prematurity may distort various aspects of sensory modulation, the nature and severity of sensory modulation problems differ widely between studies. CONCLUSIONS Sensory modulation problems may play a key role in understanding neurocognitive and behavioral sequelae in preterm children. Some support is found for a dose-response relationship between both white matter brain injury and length of NICU stay and sensory modulation problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tinka Bröring
- Department of Medical Psychology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kim J. Oostrom
- Department of Medical Psychology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Harrie N. Lafeber
- Department of Neonatology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elise P. Jansma
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research and Medical Library, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jaap Oosterlaan
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Machado ACCDP, de Oliveira SR, Magalhães LDC, de Miranda DM, Bouzada MCF. SENSORY PROCESSING DURING CHILDHOOD IN PRETERM INFANTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW. REVISTA PAULISTA DE PEDIATRIA : ORGAO OFICIAL DA SOCIEDADE DE PEDIATRIA DE SAO PAULO 2017; 35:92-101. [PMID: 28977307 PMCID: PMC5417800 DOI: 10.1590/1984-0462/;2017;35;1;00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To conduct a systematic search for grounded and quality evidence of sensory processing in preterm infants during childhood. DATA SOURCE The search of the available literature on the theme was held in the following electronic databases: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (Medline)/PubMed, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (Lilacs)/Virtual Library in Health (BVS), Índice Bibliográfico Español de Ciencias de la Salud (IBECS)/BVS, Scopus, and Web of Science. We included only original indexed studies with a quantitative approach, which were available in full text on digital media, published in Portuguese, English, or Spanish between 2005 and 2015, involving children aged 0-9years. DATA SYNTHESIS 581 articles were identified and eight were included. Six studies (75%) found high frequency of dysfunction in sensory processing in preterm infants. The association of sensory processing with developmental outcomes was observed in three studies (37.5%). The association of sensory processing with neonatal characteristics was observed in five studies (62.5%), and the sensory processing results are often associated with gestational age, male gender, and white matter lesions. CONCLUSIONS The current literature suggests that preterm birth affects the sensory processing, negatively. Gestational age, male gender, and white matter lesions appear as risk factors for sensoryprocessing disorders in preterm infants. The impairment in the ability to receivesensory inputs, to integrateand to adapt to them seems to have a negative effect on motor, cognitive, and language development of these children. We highlight the feasibility of identifying sensory processing disorders early in life, favoring early clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Suelen Rosa de Oliveira
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
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10
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Saby JN, Meltzoff AN, Marshall PJ. Beyond the N1: A review of late somatosensory evoked responses in human infants. Int J Psychophysiol 2016; 110:146-152. [PMID: 27553531 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2016.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) have been used for decades to study the development of somatosensory processing in human infants. Research on infant SEPs has focused on the initial cortical component (N1) and its clinical utility for predicting neurological outcome in at-risk infants. However, recent studies suggest that examining the later components in the infant somatosensory evoked response will greatly advance our understanding of somatosensory processing in infancy. The purpose of this review is to synthesize the existing electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) studies on late somatosensory evoked responses in infants. We describe the late responses that have been reported and discuss the utility of such responses for illuminating key aspects of somatosensory processing in typical and atypical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joni N Saby
- Institute for Learning & Brain Sciences, University of Washington, Box 357988, Seattle, WA 98195, United States.
| | - Andrew N Meltzoff
- Institute for Learning & Brain Sciences, University of Washington, Box 357988, Seattle, WA 98195, United States
| | - Peter J Marshall
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, 1701 North 13th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122, United States
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11
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Mitchell AW, Moore EM, Roberts EJ, Hachtel KW, Brown MS. Sensory processing disorder in children ages birth-3 years born prematurely: a systematic review. Am J Occup Ther 2015; 69:6901220030. [PMID: 25553748 DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2015.013755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This systematic review of multidisciplinary literature synthesizes evidence of the prevalence and patterns of sensory processing disorder (SPD) in children ages birth-3 yr born preterm. Forty-five articles including physiological, behavioral, temperament, and SPD research met the inclusion criteria and provided 295 findings related to SPD-130 (44%) positive (evidence of SPD) and 165 (56%) negative (no evidence of SPD). The majority of findings related to sensory modulation disorder (SMD; 43% positive). The most prevalent subcategory of SMD was sensory overresponsivity (82% of findings positive). Evidence of sensory underresponsivity and sensory-seeking SMD, sensory discrimination disorder, and sensory-based motor disorder was limited. This study supports the education of neonatologists, pediatricians, and caregivers about the symptoms and potential consequences of SPD and helps justify the need for follow-up screening for SPD in children ages birth-3 yr born preterm. Research using measures based on sensory processing theory is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Witt Mitchell
- Anita Witt Mitchell, PhD, OTR, is Associate Professor, Occupational Therapy Department, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis;
| | - Elizabeth M Moore
- Elizabeth M. Moore, MOT, OTR/L, is Occupational Therapist, Signature Healthcare at St. Francis, Memphis, TN; At the time of the study, Elizabeth Moore, Emily Roberts, Kristen Hachtel, and Melissa Brown were Students, Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN
| | - Emily J Roberts
- Emily J. Roberts, MOT, OTR/L, is Occupational Therapist, Regional One Health, Memphis, TN
| | - Kristen W Hachtel
- Kristen W. Hachtel, MOT, OTR/L, is Occupational Therapist, First Choice Speech and Occupational Therapy, Hernando, MS
| | - Melissa S Brown
- Melissa S. Brown, MOT, OTR/L, is Occupational Therapist, Methodist Healthcare South Hospital, Memphis, TN
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12
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Nevalainen P, Rahkonen P, Pihko E, Lano A, Vanhatalo S, Andersson S, Autti T, Valanne L, Metsäranta M, Lauronen L. Evaluation of somatosensory cortical processing in extremely preterm infants at term with MEG and EEG. Clin Neurophysiol 2015; 126:275-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2014.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Revised: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Kivistö K, Nevalainen P, Lauronen L, Tupola S, Pihko E, Kivitie-Kallio S. Somatosensory and auditory processing in opioid-exposed newborns with neonatal abstinence syndrome: a magnetoencephalographic approach. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2014; 28:2015-9. [PMID: 25354289 DOI: 10.3109/14767058.2014.978755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Opioid exposure during pregnancy is a potential risk factor for the developing central nervous system of the fetus. We studied evoked responses in buprenorphine-exposed newborns who displayed neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) to elucidate the possible alterations in functioning of the somatosensory and auditory systems. METHODS We compared somatosensory (SEFs) and auditory evoked magnetic fields (AEFs), recorded with magnetoencephalography (MEG), of 11 prenatally buprenorphine-exposed newborns with those of 12 healthy newborns. Peak latencies, source strength and location of SEFs or AEFs were recorded. RESULTS AEFs were present in all buprenorphine-exposed newborns without significant differences from those of healthy newborns. In contrast, though no group level differences in SEFs existed, at individual level the response deviated from the typical neonatal morphology in four buprenorphine-exposed newborns. CONCLUSIONS Although buprenorphine exposure during pregnancy does not seem to cause constant deficiencies in somatosensory or auditory processing, in some newborns the typical development of somatosensory networks may be - at least transiently - disrupted.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kivistö
- a Department of Social Pediatrics , Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
| | - P Nevalainen
- b BioMag Laboratory , Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa, HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
| | - L Lauronen
- c Department of Clinical Neurophysiology , Hospital for Children and Adolescents and University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland , and
| | - S Tupola
- a Department of Social Pediatrics , Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
| | - E Pihko
- d Brain Research Unit, O.V. Lounasmaa Laboratory , Aalto University School of Science , Espoo , Finland
| | - S Kivitie-Kallio
- a Department of Social Pediatrics , Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Helsinki University Central Hospital and University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland
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14
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Moiseev A, Doesburg SM, Herdman AT, Ribary U, Grunau RE. Altered Network Oscillations and Functional Connectivity Dynamics in Children Born Very Preterm. Brain Topogr 2014; 28:726-745. [PMID: 25370485 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-014-0416-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Structural brain connections develop atypically in very preterm children, and altered functional connectivity is also evident in fMRI studies. Such alterations in brain network connectivity are associated with cognitive difficulties in this population. Little is known, however, about electrophysiological interactions among specific brain networks in children born very preterm. In the present study, we recorded magnetoencephalography while very preterm children and full-term controls performed a visual short-term memory task. Regions expressing task-dependent activity changes were identified using beamformer analysis, and inter-regional phase synchrony was calculated. Very preterm children expressed altered regional recruitment in distributed networks of brain areas, across standard physiological frequency ranges including the theta, alpha, beta and gamma bands. Reduced oscillatory synchrony was observed among task-activated brain regions in very preterm children, particularly for connections involving areas critical for executive abilities, including middle frontal gyrus. These findings suggest that inability to recruit neurophysiological activity and interactions in distributed networks including frontal regions may contribute to difficulties in cognitive development in children born very preterm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Moiseev
- Behavioural and Cognitive Neuroscience Institute, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, Canada.
| | - Sam M Doesburg
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
- Neuroscience & Mental Health Program, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Anthony T Herdman
- Behavioural and Cognitive Neuroscience Institute, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, Canada
- School of Audiology and Speech Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Urs Ribary
- Behavioural and Cognitive Neuroscience Institute, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Developmental Neurosciences and Child Health, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ruth E Grunau
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Developmental Neurosciences and Child Health, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
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15
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Zafeiriou DI, Vargiami E. High-fidelity over the somatosensory cortex revisited: back to basics. Clin Neurophysiol 2014; 126:223-4. [PMID: 25022793 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2014.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Euthymia Vargiami
- 1st Department of Pediatrics, Aristotle University of Thesaaloniki, Greece
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16
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Taylor MJ, Doesburg SM, Pang EW. Neuromagnetic vistas into typical and atypical development of frontal lobe functions. Front Hum Neurosci 2014; 8:453. [PMID: 24994980 PMCID: PMC4061489 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The frontal lobes are involved in many higher-order cognitive functions such as social cognition executive functions and language and speech. These functions are complex and follow a prolonged developmental course from childhood through to early adulthood. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is ideal for the study of development of these functions, due to its combination of temporal and spatial resolution which allows the determination of age-related changes in both neural timing and location. There are several challenges for MEG developmental studies: to design tasks appropriate to capture the neurodevelopmental trajectory of these cognitive functions, and to develop appropriate analysis strategies to capture various aspects of neuromagnetic frontal lobe activity. Here, we review our MEG research on social and executive functions, and speech in typically developing children and in two clinical groups – children with autism spectrum disorder and children born very preterm. The studies include facial emotional processing, inhibition, visual short-term memory, speech production, and resting-state networks. We present data from event-related analyses as well as on oscillations and connectivity analyses and review their contributions to understanding frontal lobe cognitive development. We also discuss the challenges of testing young children in the MEG and the development of age-appropriate technologies and paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margot J Taylor
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hospital for Sick Children , Toronto, ON , Canada ; Neuroscience and Mental Health Program, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute , Toronto, ON , Canada ; Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON , Canada ; Department of Psychology, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON , Canada ; Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON , Canada
| | - Sam M Doesburg
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Hospital for Sick Children , Toronto, ON , Canada ; Neuroscience and Mental Health Program, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute , Toronto, ON , Canada ; Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON , Canada ; Department of Psychology, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON , Canada
| | - Elizabeth W Pang
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Program, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute , Toronto, ON , Canada ; Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON , Canada ; Division of Neurology, Hospital for Sick Children , Toronto, ON , Canada
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17
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Doesburg SM, Moiseev A, Herdman AT, Ribary U, Grunau RE. Region-Specific Slowing of Alpha Oscillations is Associated with Visual-Perceptual Abilities in Children Born Very Preterm. Front Hum Neurosci 2013; 7:791. [PMID: 24298250 PMCID: PMC3828614 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2013.00791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Children born very preterm (≤32 weeks gestational age) without major intellectual or neurological impairments often express selective deficits in visual-perceptual abilities. The alterations in neurophysiological development underlying these problems, however, remain poorly understood. Recent research has indicated that spontaneous alpha oscillations are slowed in children born very preterm, and that atypical alpha-mediated functional network connectivity may underlie selective developmental difficulties in visual-perceptual ability in this group. The present study provides the first source-resolved analysis of slowing of spontaneous alpha oscillations in very preterm children, indicating alterations in a distributed set of brain regions concentrated in areas of posterior parietal and inferior temporal regions associated with visual perception, as well as prefrontal cortical regions and thalamus. We also uniquely demonstrate that slowing of alpha oscillations is associated with selective difficulties in visual-perceptual ability in very preterm children. These results indicate that region-specific slowing of alpha oscillations contribute to selective developmental difficulties prevalent in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam M. Doesburg
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Neurosciences & Mental Health Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alexander Moiseev
- Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience Institute, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Anthony T. Herdman
- Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience Institute, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Department of Audiology and Speech Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Urs Ribary
- Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience Institute, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Developmental Neurosciences and Child Health, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Ruth E. Grunau
- Developmental Neurosciences and Child Health, Child and Family Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Duerden EG, Taylor MJ, Miller SP. Brain development in infants born preterm: looking beyond injury. Semin Pediatr Neurol 2013; 20:65-74. [PMID: 23948681 DOI: 10.1016/j.spen.2013.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Infants born very preterm are high risk for acquired brain injury and disturbances in brain maturation. Although survival rates for preterm infants have increased in the last decades owing to improved neonatal intensive care, motor disabilities including cerebral palsy persist, and impairments in cognitive, language, social, and executive functions have not decreased. Evidence from neuroimaging studies exploring brain structure, function, and metabolism has indicated abnormalities in the brain development trajectory of very preterm-born infants that persist through to adulthood. In this chapter, we review neuroimaging approaches for the identification of brain injury in the preterm neonate. Advances in medical imaging and availability of specialized equipment necessary to scan infants have facilitated the feasibility of conducting longitudinal studies to provide greater understanding of early brain injury and atypical brain development and their effects on neurodevelopmental outcome. Improved understanding of the risk factors for acquired brain injury and associated factors that affect brain development in this population is setting the stage for improving the brain health of children born preterm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma G Duerden
- Neurosciences & Mental Health, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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19
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Cortical somatosensory processing measured by magnetoencephalography predicts neurodevelopment in extremely low-gestational-age infants. Pediatr Res 2013; 73:763-71. [PMID: 23478643 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2013.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Higher cortical function during sensory processing can be examined by recording specific somatosensory-evoked magnetic fields (SEFs) with magnetoencephalography (MEG). We evaluated whether, in extremely low-gestational-age (ELGA) infants, abnormalities in MEG-recorded SEFs at term age are associated with adverse neurodevelopment at 2 y of corrected age. METHODS SEFs to tactile stimulation of the index finger were recorded at term age in 30 ELGA infants (26.5 ± 1.2 wk, birth weight: 884 g ± 181 g). Neurodevelopment was evaluated at 2 y of corrected age. Controls were 11 healthy term infants. RESULTS In nine of the ELGA infants (30.0%), SEFs were categorized as abnormal on the basis of lack of response from secondary somatosensory cortex (SII). At 2 y, these infants had a significantly worse mean developmental quotient and locomotor subscale on the Griffiths Mental Development Scales than the ELGA infants with normal responses. Mild white matter abnormalities in magnetic resonance imaging at term age were detected in 21% of infants, but these abnormalities were not associated with adverse neurodevelopment. CONCLUSION Abnormal SII responses at term predict adverse neuromotor development at 2 y of corrected age. This adverse development may not be foreseen with conventional neuroimaging methods, suggesting a role for evaluating SII responses in the developmental risk assessment of ELGA infants.
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Nevalainen P, Pihko E, Metsäranta M, Sambeth A, Wikström H, Okada Y, Autti T, Lauronen L. Evoked magnetic fields from primary and secondary somatosensory cortices: A reliable tool for assessment of cortical processing in the neonatal period. Clin Neurophysiol 2012; 123:2377-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2012.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2012] [Revised: 05/19/2012] [Accepted: 05/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Lauronen L, Nevalainen P, Pihko E. Magnetoencephalography in neonatology. Neurophysiol Clin 2011; 42:27-34. [PMID: 22200339 DOI: 10.1016/j.neucli.2011.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2011] [Revised: 08/27/2011] [Accepted: 08/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a noninvasive method to study brain activity. In the previous decade the advantages of MEG -- good temporal resolution combined with good spatial resolution allowing separation of activated brain areas -- have been successfully used in gaining new information about the neonatal brain functioning. In this review, we discuss the findings from studies of spontaneous magnetoencephalogram and evoked responses to somatosensory, auditory, and visual stimulation. Our group has shown that stimulation of the upper limb in neonates evokes a response sequence reflecting activation of both primary (S(I)) and secondary somatosensory (S(II)) cortices. Like in mature brains, the earliest cortical response to median nerve stimulation reflects the arrival of afferent information to S(I). However, source modeling of the subsequent activation from S(I)suggests immature cortical functioning in neonates. Another feature typical for neonates is that the S(II)response is prominent in quiet sleep, unlike in adults in whom it diminishes in sleep. Interestingly, in very prematurely-born infants, we found alterations of the somatosensory responses at both group and individual levels. MEG provides a novel way to look at brain activity in neonates and can be used to increase knowledge of the development of brain processing and its disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lauronen
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, HUS, Helsinki, Finland.
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22
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Roiha K, Kirveskari E, Kaste M, Mustanoja S, Mäkelä JP, Salonen O, Tatlisumak T, Forss N. Reorganization of the primary somatosensory cortex during stroke recovery. Clin Neurophysiol 2011; 122:339-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2010.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2010] [Revised: 06/02/2010] [Accepted: 06/21/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Pihko E, Lauronen L, Kivistö K, Nevalainen P. Increasing the efficiency of neonatal MEG measurements by alternating auditory and tactile stimulation. Clin Neurophysiol 2010; 122:808-14. [PMID: 20951084 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2010.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2010] [Revised: 08/27/2010] [Accepted: 09/21/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the possible effect of intervening auditory stimulation on somatosensory evoked magnetic fields in newborns. METHODS We recorded auditory and tactile evoked responses with magnetoencephalography (MEG) from two groups of healthy newborns. One group (n=11) received only tactile stimuli to the index finger, the other (n=11) received alternating tactile and auditory (vowel [a:] with 300-ms duration) stimuli. The interval between subsequent tactile stimuli was always 2 s. We analyzed the equivalent current dipoles (ECDs) of the main auditory and somatosensory responses. RESULTS The ECDs of the tactile responses agreed with activation of the primary somatosensory cortex at ∼60 ms and the secondary somatosensory region at ∼200 ms. The source of the auditory response (∼250 ms) was clearly distinct from those to tactile stimulation and in line with auditory cortex activation. The intervening auditory stimulation did not affect the strength, latency, or location of the ECDs of the tactile responses. CONCLUSIONS Auditory and tactile MEG responses from newborns can be obtained in one measurement session. SIGNIFICANCE The alternating stimulation can be used to shorten the total measurement time and/or to improve the signal to noise ratio by collecting more data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Pihko
- Brain Research Unit, Low Temperature Laboratory, Aalto University School of Science and Technology, Espoo, Finland.
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Neonatal somatosensory evoked potentials: maturational aspects and prognostic value. Pediatr Neurol 2010; 42:427-33. [PMID: 20472196 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2009.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2009] [Revised: 09/30/2009] [Accepted: 12/21/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the diagnostic role of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) during the neonatal period with regard to maturational changes and prognostic value in perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Median nerve SEP analysis was performed in 31 healthy infants (group A1, 33-35 weeks, n = 10; group A2, 36-37 weeks, n = 11; group A3, 38-41 weeks, n = 10) and in 10 term infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (group B). Cortical latency N1 and central conduction time values were analyzed for group A in relation to postconceptional age and postnatal age and for group B in relation to degree of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and neurodevelopmental outcome (at the mean age of 6.6 + or - 1.6 years). Central latencies were correlated with postconceptional age but not postnatal age. Mean N1 latency and central conduction time values did not differ significantly between groups A1 and A2; the most pronounced decrease was between groups A2 and A3 (postconceptional ages 36-37 vs 38-41 weeks). In group B, central latencies were prolonged, compared with controls (P < 0.001), but were not significantly correlated with long-term outcome in patients with moderate hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (n = 6). Neonatal SEP analysis thus is an objective and noninvasive method for assessing functional integrity of the somatosensory pathway. In term infants, SEPs are a valuable additional tool for early diagnosis of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, but are not prognostic of neurodevelopmental long-term outcome in moderate hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.
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Pihko E, Nevalainen P, Stephen J, Okada Y, Lauronen L. Maturation of somatosensory cortical processing from birth to adulthood revealed by magnetoencephalography. Clin Neurophysiol 2009; 120:1552-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2009.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2008] [Revised: 05/19/2009] [Accepted: 05/20/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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26
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Tombini M, Pasqualetti P, Rizzo C, Zappasodi F, Dinatale A, Seminara M, Ercolani M, Rossini P, Agostino R. Extrauterine maturation of somatosensory pathways in preterm infants: A somatosensory evoked potential study. Clin Neurophysiol 2009; 120:783-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2008.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2008] [Revised: 12/01/2008] [Accepted: 12/19/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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