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Behroozian T, Goldshtein D, Ryan Wolf J, van den Hurk C, Finkelstein S, Lam H, Patel P, Kanee L, Lee SF, Chan AW, Wong HCY, Caini S, Mahal S, Kennedy S, Chow E, Bonomo P. MASCC clinical practice guidelines for the prevention and management of acute radiation dermatitis: part 1) systematic review. EClinicalMedicine 2023; 58:101886. [PMID: 37181415 PMCID: PMC10166790 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.101886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute radiation dermatitis (ARD) commonly develops in cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy and is often characterized by erythema, desquamation, and pain. A systematic review was conducted to summarize the current evidence on interventions for the prevention and management of ARD. Databases were searched from 1946 to September 2020 to identify all original studies that evaluated an intervention for the prevention or management of ARD, with an updated search conducted in January 2023. A total of 235 original studies were included in this review, including 149 randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Most interventions could not be recommended due to a low quality of evidence, lack of supporting evidence, or conflicting findings across multiple trials. Photobiomodulation therapy, Mepitel® film, mometasone furoate, betamethasone, olive oil, and oral enzyme mixtures showed promising results across multiple RCTs. Recommendations could not be made solely based on the published evidence due to limited high-quality evidence. As such, Delphi consensus recommendations will be reported in a separate publication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Behroozian
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Julie Ryan Wolf
- Departments of Dermatology and Radiation Oncology, University of Rochester Medical Centre, Rochester, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Henry Lam
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Partha Patel
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lauren Kanee
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shing Fung Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National University Cancer Institute, Singapore
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Tuen Mun Hospital, New Territories West Cluster, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong, China
| | - Adrian Wai Chan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Tuen Mun Hospital, New Territories West Cluster, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong, China
| | - Henry Chun Yip Wong
- Department of Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Kowloon West Cluster, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong, China
| | - Saverio Caini
- Cancer Risk Factors and Lifestyle Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPO), Florence, Italy
| | - Simran Mahal
- Faculty of Health, University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Edward Chow
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pierluigi Bonomo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, Florence, Italy
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Córdoba EE, Lacunza E, Güerci AM. Clinical factors affecting the determination of radiotherapy-induced skin toxicity in breast cancer. Radiat Oncol J 2022; 39:315-323. [PMID: 34986553 PMCID: PMC8743461 DOI: 10.3857/roj.2020.00395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Radiotherapy is essential for the treatment of breast cancer (BC). However, adverse effects may occur in healthy tissue, during treatment and even after several months. Although it is known that this clinical radiosensitivity is multifactorial, the factors involved are unknown yet. In this study, we evaluated the effect of these factors on the development of radiodermatitis in patients undergoing radiotherapy. Materials and Methods Demographic and lifestyle data collected during face-to-face interviews of 122 BC patients and data from clinical records were investigated. Most patients underwent conventional three-dimensional radiotherapy treatment. A total dose of 50 Gy was administered (2 Gy/day), followed by a boost in a tumor bed with a total dose of 18 Gy (2 Gy/day). Radiotoxicity was evaluated weekly using the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group classification system (range, 0 to 4, according to the severity). Results In the present study, 75.4% of patients presented acute skin toxic effects with different degrees of severity. In 25% of cases, these effects manifested at the end of the fourth week at a cumulative dose of 40 Gy. The association of grade ≥2 acute skin reactions with body mass index (BMI) and breast size and between grade 3–4 and age was positive compared with controls. However, the role of the other factors could not be confirmed. Conclusion Analysis of the factors related to individual radiosensitivity suggests that age, BMI and breast size play an important role in the development of acute skin toxicity during treatment. Particular attention to patients who present these characteristics would help to control treatment effectiveness and therefore optimize their quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Eugenia Córdoba
- Department of Physics, School of Exact Sciences, National University of La Plata, Argentina.,Veterinary Genetics Institute (National Scientific and Technical Research Council-National University of La Plata) School of Veterinary Sciences, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Ezequiel Lacunza
- Basic and Applied Immunological Research Center, School of Medicine, National University of La Plata, Argentina
| | - Alba Mabel Güerci
- Department of Physics, School of Exact Sciences, National University of La Plata, Argentina.,Veterinary Genetics Institute (National Scientific and Technical Research Council-National University of La Plata) School of Veterinary Sciences, La Plata, Argentina
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Bracone F, De Curtis A, Di Castelnuovo A, Pilu R, Boccardi M, Cilla S, Macchia G, Deodato F, Costanzo S, Iacoviello L, de Gaetano G, Morganti AG, Petroni K, Tonelli C, Donati MB, Cerletti C. Skin toxicity following radiotherapy in patients with breast carcinoma: is anthocyanin supplementation beneficial? Clin Nutr 2020; 40:2068-2077. [PMID: 33051045 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The EU-supported ATHENA project stems from a previous study suggesting that moderate wine consumption reduced the side-effects of radiotherapy (RT) in breast cancer patients, an effect possibly due to non-alcoholic anthocyanin fractions of wine. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the role of anthocyanins on RT skin side effects in breast cancer patients. METHODS Randomized, controlled, double-blind clinical trial. Patients were assigned to an intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) either for three or five weeks, then randomized to receive three times a day a water-soluble anthocyanin (125 mg)-rich extract of corn cob or a placebo. Supplementation started one week before till the end of RT. Skin characteristics were detected by a standardized, non-invasive Cutometer® dual-MPA580, providing quantitative indices of skin maximal distensibility (R0), elasticity (R2, R5, R7) and viscoelasticity (R6); a Mexameter® MX18 probe evaluated the skin erythema (Er) and melanin (M). Measures were performed before (T0), at the end of RT and of supplementation (T1), and 1, 6 and 12 months after RT (T2-T4). Acute and late skin toxicity were scored according to the RTOG/EORTG scale. Selected biomarkers were measured at T0 and T1. RESULTS 193 patients previously assigned to 3- or 5-week RT schedules were randomized to either anthocyanin (97) or placebo (96) supplementation. RT induced changes in skin parameters: R0, R2, R5 and R7 decreased, while R6 increased; the changes in R0 and R6 continued in the same direction up to one year, while the others recovered towards basal values; Er and M peaked at T1 and T2, respectively, and returned to basal values at T4. Comparable skin changes were apparent in anthocyanin and placebo groups. A moderate RT-induced increase in total and HDL cholesterol and triglycerides was prevented by anthocyanins. CONCLUSIONS Anthocyanin supplementation did not prevent RT-induced local skin toxicity. The supplementation was well tolerated and safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Bracone
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Amalia De Curtis
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Pilu
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences - Production, Landscape, Agroenergy, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Savino Cilla
- Medical Physics Unit, Gemelli Molise Hospital Campobasso, Italy
| | | | | | - Simona Costanzo
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Licia Iacoviello
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, Research Center in Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine (EPIMED), University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Giovanni de Gaetano
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Alessio Giuseppe Morganti
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Katia Petroni
- Department of Bioscience, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Chiara Tonelli
- Department of Bioscience, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Cerletti
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy.
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Nakajima T, Vares G, Ninomiya Y, Wang B, Katsube T, Tanaka K, Maruyama K, Nenoi M. Diallyl Disulfide Mitigates DNA Damage and Spleen Tissue Effects After Irradiation. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:8920-8927. [PMID: 31760404 PMCID: PMC6888033 DOI: 10.12659/msm.917207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several factors found in foods are beneficial to human health and they may contribute to radiation protection. Taking food factors could be an easy way to reduce the effects of radiation after nuclear accidents, as well as secondary radiation risks after cancer radiotherapy or space missions. Here, diallyl disulfide (DADS), a component of garlic oil, was studied for its ability to mitigate radiation damage. MATERIAL AND METHODS We investigated the effects of DADS on micronucleus (MN) formation and apoptosis in HepG2 cells by use of 4-Gy X-ray irradiation. We also assessed the effects of DADS on radiation damage in vivo by evaluating MN formation in bone marrow cells in mice (BALB/c, 8-week-old females) after oral intake of DADS prior to irradiation with 4 Gy. Several tissue effects were also investigated. RESULTS The presence of DADS inhibited MN formation, whereas DADS had no influence on the radiation-induced inhibition of cell cycle progression in HepG2 cells. An increase in apoptosis in HepG2 cells was induced after irradiation, and this effect was stronger in the presence of DADS than in its absence. In mice, when DADS was administered daily for 3 days prior to irradiation, MN formation in irradiated mice was decreased. The decrease in MN formation in mice was greater with 0.5% DADS compared to 1% DADS. Moreover, an increase in spleen weight observed 3 weeks after irradiation was suppressed in mice administered DADS. CONCLUSIONS DADS is a potential radiation-protective agent that effectively mitigates DNA damage, and its effects in the spleen observed after irradiation may be related to inflammation and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuo Nakajima
- Department of Radiation Effects Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Chiba City, Chiba, Japan
| | - Guillaume Vares
- Cell Signal Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology (OIST), Onna, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Ninomiya
- Department of Radiation Effects Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Chiba City, Chiba, Japan
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Radiation Effects Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Chiba City, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takanori Katsube
- Department of Radiation Effects Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Chiba City, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kaoru Tanaka
- Department of Radiation Effects Research, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Chiba City, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kouichi Maruyama
- Department of Radioecology and Fukushima Project, Center for Advanced Radiation Emergency Medicine, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Chiba City, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Nenoi
- Department of Safety Administration, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (QST), Chiba City, Chiba, Japan
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Radiation-Induced Reactions in The Liver - Modulation of Radiation Effects by Lifestyle-Related Factors. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19123855. [PMID: 30513990 PMCID: PMC6321068 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation has a wide variety of effects on the liver. Fibrosis is a concern in medical fields as one of the acute effects of high-dose irradiation, such as with cancer radiotherapies. Cancer is also an important concern following exposure to radiation. The liver has an active metabolism and reacts to radiations. In addition, effects are modulated by many environmental factors, such as high-calorie foods or alcohol beverages. Adaptations to other environmental conditions could also influence the effects of radiation. Reactions to radiation may not be optimally regulated under conditions modulated by the environment, possibly leading to dysregulation, disease or cancer. Here, we introduce some reactions to ionizing radiation in the liver, as demonstrated primarily in animal experiments. In addition, modulation of radiation-induced effects in the liver due to factors such as obesity, alcohol drinking, or supplements derived from foods are reviewed. Perspectives on medical applications by modulations of radiation effects are also discussed.
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Andrew R, Izzo AA. Principles of pharmacological research of nutraceuticals. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:1177-1194. [PMID: 28500635 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Principles of Pharmacological Research of Nutraceuticals. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.11/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Andrew
- Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Angelo A Izzo
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Abstract
Radiation dermatitis occurs frequently during adjuvant radiation therapy for breast cancer. Prevention of radiation dermatitis by applying various creams and ointments has a limited success, and Aqua cream which has urea as one of its active ingredients is used in many institutions as a preventive treatment. The primary goal of this study is to assess the effect of vitamin D (calcipotriol) ointment in prevention of radiodermatitis in breast cancer patients compared to Aqua cream. Twenty-three women with localized breast cancer who underwent breast-conserving surgery and opted to receive adjuvant radiotherapy to breast only were enrolled in this study. A cream containing an active vitamin D analog, calcipotriol (Daivonex), was randomly applied either to the medial or to the lateral half of the irradiated breast, while Aqua cream was applied to the complimentary half of the same breast along the whole treatment days, each day, after the delivery of radiation. Skin reaction was recorded and compared between the two halves of the breast. Vitamin D was well tolerated by patients with no local or systemic allergic reactions. Radiation dermatitis was not significantly different between both treatment arms. Topical vitamin D ointment is not superior to Aqua cream for prevention of radiation-induced dermatitis in women treated with adjuvant radiation for breast cancer. Vitamin D ointment is no better than urea cream at preventing radiation-induced skin damage in breast cancer patients. Researchers in Israel led by Eyal Fenig from the Rabin Medical Center in Petah Tikva studied 23 women with localized breast cancer who underwent breast-conserving surgery and received adjuvant radiation to destroy any tumor cells left behind. Each day after their radiation therapy, the women applied an active vitamin D analog called calcipotriol (Daivonex) to half of their irradiated breast and a skin-hydrating, urea-containing ointment called Aqua cream to the other half of the same breast. The topical vitamin D ointment was well tolerated by the study participants. However, there was no noticeable difference in the effect of calcipotriol or Aqua cream for the vast majority of the women.
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Cerletti C, De Curtis A, Bracone F, Digesù C, Morganti AG, Iacoviello L, de Gaetano G, Donati MB. Dietary anthocyanins and health: data from FLORA and ATHENA EU projects. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2016; 83:103-106. [PMID: 27016122 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.12943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Adherence to a 'Mediterranean diet' has been shown to be beneficial to human health. Fruit and vegetables represent some of the main components of the Mediterranean diet and their role has been increasingly considered in the process of preventing or reducing the risk of chronic degenerative diseases, such as cerebrovascular or coronary heart disorders, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. To investigate the beneficial effect of these dietary compounds, two EU-funded projects were conducted during the last 10 years. Their results from experimental models suggest that dietary anthocyanin enrichment is beneficial against a number of ischemic and degenerative conditions. On the other hand, human studies demonstrated that anthocyanin supplementation can counteract the inflammatory response to stress conditions, such as a fatty meal. Moreover, an intervention trial in patients with breast cancer undergoing radiotherapy is presently testing the possible beneficial effect of the administration of a product enriched in anthocyanins on the inflammatory response to radiation and on its consequent skin toxicity, as well as on systemic low-grade inflammation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Cerletti
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Amalia De Curtis
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | | | - Cinzia Digesù
- Radiotherapy Department, Fondazione Giovanni Paolo II, Catholic University, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Alessio G Morganti
- Radiotherapy Department, Fondazione Giovanni Paolo II, Catholic University, Campobasso, Italy
| | - Licia Iacoviello
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Giovanni de Gaetano
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - Maria Benedetta Donati
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
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Hamilton DG, Bale R, Jones C, Fitzgerald E, Khor R, Knight K, Wasiak J. Impact of tumour bed boost integration on acute and late toxicity in patients with breast cancer: A systematic review. Breast 2016; 27:126-35. [PMID: 27113229 DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this systematic review was to summarise the evidence from studies investigating the integration of tumour bed boosts into whole breast irradiation for patients with Stage 0-III breast cancer, with a focus on its impact on acute and late toxicities. A comprehensive systematic electronic search through the Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE and PubMed databases from January 2000 to January 2015 was conducted. Studies were considered eligible if they investigated the efficacy of hypo- or normofractionated whole breast irradiation with the inclusion of a daily concurrent boost. The primary outcomes of interest were the degree of observed acute and late toxicity following radiotherapy treatment. Methodological quality assessment was performed on all included studies using either the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale or a previously published investigator-derived quality instrument. The search identified 35 articles, of which 17 satisfied our eligibility criteria. Thirteen and eleven studies reported on acute and late toxicities respectively. Grade 3 acute skin toxicity ranged from 1 to 7% whilst moderate to severe fibrosis and telangiectasia were both limited to 9%. Reported toxicity profiles were comparable to historical data at similar time-points. Studies investigating the delivery of concurrent boosts with whole breast radiotherapy courses report safe short to medium-term toxicity profiles and cosmesis rates. Whilst the quality of evidence and length of follow-up supporting these findings is low, sufficient evidence has been generated to consider concurrent boost techniques as an alternative to conventional sequential techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel George Hamilton
- Epworth Radiation Oncology Research Centre, Epworth Richmond, 32 Erin St, Richmond VIC 3121, Australia; Epworth Radiation Oncology, Epworth Richmond, 32 Erin St, Richmond VIC 3121, Australia.
| | | | - Claire Jones
- Epworth Radiation Oncology, Epworth Richmond, 32 Erin St, Richmond VIC 3121, Australia
| | - Emma Fitzgerald
- Epworth Radiation Oncology, Epworth Richmond, 32 Erin St, Richmond VIC 3121, Australia
| | - Richard Khor
- Austin Health, Austin Hospital, 145 Studley Road, Heidelberg VIC 3121, Australia
| | - Kellie Knight
- Department of Medical Imaging & Radiation Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing & Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Jason Wasiak
- Epworth Radiation Oncology Research Centre, Epworth Richmond, 32 Erin St, Richmond VIC 3121, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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Nakajima T, Vares G, Wang B, Nenoi M. Chronic Intake of Japanese Sake Mediates Radiation-Induced Metabolic Alterations in Mouse Liver. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146730. [PMID: 26752639 PMCID: PMC4713437 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sake is a traditional Japanese alcoholic beverage that is gaining popularity worldwide. Although sake is reported to have beneficial health effects, it is not known whether chronic sake consumption modulates health risks due to radiation exposure or other factors. Here, the effects of chronic administration of sake on radiation-induced metabolic alterations in the livers of mice were evaluated. Sake (junmai-shu) was administered daily to female mice (C3H/He) for one month, and the mice were exposed to fractionated doses of X-rays (0.75 Gy/day) for the last four days of the sake administration period. For comparative analysis, a group of mice were administered 15% (v/v) ethanol in water instead of sake. Metabolites in the liver were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis-time-of-flight mass spectrometry one day following the last exposure to radiation. The metabolite profiles of mice chronically administered sake in combination with radiation showed marked changes in purine, pyrimidine, and glutathione (GSH) metabolism, which were only partially altered by radiation or sake administration alone. Notably, the changes in GSH metabolism were not observed in mice treated with radiation following chronic administration of 15% ethanol in water. Changes in several metabolites, including methionine and valine, were induced by radiation alone, but were not detected in the livers of mice who received chronic administration of sake. In addition, the chronic administration of sake increased the level of serum triglycerides, although radiation exposure suppressed this increase. Taken together, the present findings suggest that chronic sake consumption promotes GSH metabolism and anti-oxidative activities in the liver, and thereby may contribute to minimizing the adverse effects associated with radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuo Nakajima
- Research Center for Radiation Protection, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Guillaume Vares
- Research Center for Radiation Protection, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Bing Wang
- Research Center for Radiation Protection, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Nenoi
- Research Center for Radiation Protection, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan
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Prophylactic Treatment with Adlay Bran Extract Reduces the Risk of Severe Acute Radiation Dermatitis: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind Study. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:312072. [PMID: 26495009 PMCID: PMC4606150 DOI: 10.1155/2015/312072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Acute radiation dermatitis is a frequent adverse effect in patients with breast cancer undergoing radiotherapy, but there are only a small number of studies providing evidence-based interventions for this clinical condition. Adlay is a cereal crop that has been previously shown to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. In this study, we seek to evaluate the effectiveness of oral prophylactic treatment with adlay bran extract in reducing the risk of severe acute radiation dermatitis. A total of 110 patients with breast cancer undergoing radiotherapy were analyzed. Using a prospective, randomized, double-blind design, 73 patients received oral treatment with adlay bran extract and 37 patients received olive oil (placebo). Treatment was started at the beginning of radiation therapy and continued until the termination of radiation treatment. Our results showed that the occurrence of severe acute radiation dermatitis (RTOG grade 2 or higher) was significantly lower in patients treated with oral adlay bran extract compared to placebo (45.2% versus 75.7%, adjusted odds ratio 0.24). No serious adverse effects from adlay bran treatment were noted. In conclusion, prophylactic oral treatment with adlay bran extract reduces the risk of severe acute radiation dermatitis and may have potential use in patients with breast cancer undergoing radiotherapy.
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Hu SCS, Hou MF, Luo KH, Chuang HY, Wei SY, Chen GS, Chiang W, Huang CJ. Changes in biophysical properties of the skin following radiotherapy for breast cancer. J Dermatol 2014; 41:1087-94. [DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.12669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Chu-Sung Hu
- Department of Dermatology; Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital; Kaohsiung Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology; College of Medicine; Kaohsiung Medical University; Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Ming-Feng Hou
- Department of General Surgery; Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital; Kaohsiung Taiwan
- National Sun Yat-Sen University - Kaohsiung Medical University Joint Research Center; Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Hau Luo
- Institute of Occupational Safety and Health; Department of Public Health; Kaohsiung Medical University; Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yi Chuang
- National Sun Yat-Sen University - Kaohsiung Medical University Joint Research Center; Kaohsiung Taiwan
- Institute of Occupational Safety and Health; Department of Public Health; Kaohsiung Medical University; Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yi Wei
- Division of Nephrology; Department of Internal Medicine; Kaohsiung Municipal United Hospital; Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Gwo-Shing Chen
- Department of Dermatology; Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital; Kaohsiung Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology; College of Medicine; Kaohsiung Medical University; Kaohsiung Taiwan
| | - Wenchang Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Food Science and Technology; National Taiwan University; Taipei Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jen Huang
- Faculty of Medicine; College of Medicine; Kaohsiung Medical University; Kaohsiung Taiwan
- Department of Radiation Oncology; Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital; Kaohsiung Taiwan
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Sharp L, Johansson H, Hatschek T, Bergenmar M. Smoking as an independent risk factor for severe skin reactions due to adjuvant radiotherapy for breast cancer. Breast 2013; 22:634-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.breast.2013.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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Di Franco R, Calvanese M, Murino P, Manzo R, Guida C, Di Gennaro D, Anania C, Ravo V. Skin toxicity from external beam radiation therapy in breast cancer patients: protective effects of Resveratrol, Lycopene, Vitamin C and anthocianin (Ixor®). Radiat Oncol 2012; 7:12. [PMID: 22289566 PMCID: PMC3283474 DOI: 10.1186/1748-717x-7-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2011] [Accepted: 01/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction This is an observational study and the aim is to evaluate the effect of dietary supplements based on Resveratrol, Lycopene, Vitamin C and Anthocyanins (Ixor®) in reducing skin toxicity due to external beam radiotherapy in patients affected by breast cancer. Materials and methods 71 patients were enrolled and they were divided in two different groups: a control group (CG) of 41 patients treated with prophylactic topical therapy based on hyaluronic acid and topical steroid therapy in case of occurrence of radiodermatitis, and a Ixor-Group (IG) of 30 patients treated also with an oral therapy based on Resveratrol, Lycopene, Vitamin C and Anthocyanin (Ixor®) at a dose of 2 tablets/day, starting from 10 days before the radiation treatment until 10 days after the end of treatment. Skin toxicity has been related to PTV, to breast volume that received a radiation dose equal or lower than 107%, included between 107% and 110%, or greater than 110% of the prescribed dose. Moreover it's been studied the relationship between skin toxicity and the chemotherapy schedule used before treatment. We calculated in both groups the percentage of patients who had a skin toxicity of grade 2 or 3 (according to RTOG scale). Absolute risk reduction (ARR), relative risk (RR) and odds ratio (OR) have been calculated for each relationship. Results Control Group (CG) patients with a PTV > 500 ml presented skin toxicity G2 + G3 in 30% of cases, versus 25% of Ixor-Group (IG) [OR 0.77]. In patients with a PTV < 500 ml G2 + G3 toxicity was 0% in the IG compared to 18% in CG (OR 0.23). When Dmax was less than or equal to 107% of the prescribed dose skin toxicity was G2 + G3 in 12.5% in CG, versus 0% in IG (OR 0.73), instead when Dmax was included between 107 and 110% of the prescribed dose, G2 + G3 skin toxicity was 35% in CG and 21% in IG (OR 0.50). In patients undergoing chemotherapy with anthracyclines and taxanes, G2 + G3 toxicity was 27% in CG, against 20% in IG (OR 0.68). Conclusions The protective effect of Resveratrol, Lycopene, Vitamin C and Anthocyanin (Ixor®) is more detected in patients with PTV < 500 ml, when Dmax reaches values lower or equal to 107%, but not exceeding 110% of the prescribed dose, and in patients undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy with anthracyclines and taxanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Di Franco
- Dipartimento Diagnostica per Immagini e Radioterapia Seconda Università di Napoli-P.zza Luigi Miraglia-(80138) Napoli, Italy
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Hu Y, Guo DH, Liu P, Cao JJ, Wang YP, Yin J, Zhu Y, Rahman K. Bioactive components from the tea polyphenols influence on endogenous antioxidant defense system and modulate inflammatory cytokines after total-body irradiation in mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 18:970-975. [PMID: 21498061 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2011.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2010] [Revised: 01/05/2011] [Accepted: 02/20/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the radioprotective efficacy of green tea polyphenols and the component ingredients against irradiated-induced damage in mice and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Green tea polyphenols (GTP 50, 50 and 100 mg/kg, p.o. daily) and its four individual components (25 and 50 mg/kg, p.o. daily) were administrated to the irradiated-injured mice for 21 days. The radioprotective effect on the hematopoietic system, serum cytokines, and endogenous antioxidant enzymes was studied. GTP 50 significant revert the irradiated-induced decline in hematological parameters (RBCs, WBCs, Hb), meanwhile, protected antioxidant defense system, as evidenced by decreased of serum lipid peroxidation (malonyldialdehyde) and elevation the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD). Among the GTP components, catechin showed the best effect on elevation of hematological parameters, and epigallocatechin gallate showed the best antioxidant activity. Moreover GTP and its bioactive components (catechin, epigallocatechin and epigallocatechin-3-gallate) assisted in decreasing the leukocytopenia seen after whole mice irradiation and significantly reduced the elevated serum inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6). Green tea polyphenols have a potential to be developed as radioprotective agents against irradiated-induced toxicity. Furthermore the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of GTP can be attributed to the interaction of the different components through multiple and synergistic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Hu
- Dept. of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Centre of Pharmacy, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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