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Szczykutowicz J. Ligand Recognition by the Macrophage Galactose-Type C-Type Lectin: Self or Non-Self?-A Way to Trick the Host's Immune System. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17078. [PMID: 38069400 PMCID: PMC10707269 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The cells and numerous macromolecules of living organisms carry an array of simple and complex carbohydrates on their surface, which may be recognized by many types of proteins, including lectins. Human macrophage galactose-type lectin (MGL, also known as hMGL/CLEC10A/CD301) is a C-type lectin receptor expressed on professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) specific to glycans containing terminal GalNAc residue, such as Tn antigen or LacdiNAc but also sialylated Tn antigens. Macrophage galactose-type lectin (MGL) exhibits immunosuppressive properties, thus facilitating the maintenance of immune homeostasis. Hence, MGL is exploited by tumors and some pathogens to trick the host immune system and induce an immunosuppressive environment to escape immune control. The aims of this article are to discuss the immunological outcomes of human MGL ligand recognition, provide insights into the molecular aspects of these interactions, and review the MGL ligands discovered so far. Lastly, based on the human fetoembryonic defense system (Hu-FEDS) hypothesis, this paper raises the question as to whether MGL-mediated interactions may be relevant in the development of maternal tolerance toward male gametes and the fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Szczykutowicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunochemistry, Division of Chemistry and Immunochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Sklodowskiej-Curie 48/50, 50-369 Wroclaw, Poland
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2
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Generalov E, Yakovenko L. Receptor basis of biological activity of polysaccharides. Biophys Rev 2023; 15:1209-1222. [PMID: 37975017 PMCID: PMC10643635 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-023-01102-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Polysaccharides, the most diverse forms of organic molecules in nature, exhibit a large number of different biological activities, such as immunomodulatory, radioprotective, antioxidant, regenerative, metabolic, signaling, antitumor, and anticoagulant. The reaction of cells to a polysaccharide is determined by its specific interaction with receptors present on the cell surface, the type of cells, and their condition. The effect of many polysaccharides depends non-linearly on their concentration. The same polysaccharide in different conditions can have very different effects on cells and organisms, up to the opposite; therefore, when conducting studies of the biological activity of polysaccharides, both for the purpose of developing new drugs or approaches to the treatment of patients, and in order to clarify the features of intracellular processes, information about already known research results is needed. There is a lot of scattered data on the biological activities of polysaccharides, but there are few reviews that would consider natural polysaccharides from various sources and possible molecular mechanisms of their action. The purpose of this review is to present the main results published at different times in order to facilitate the search for information necessary for conducting relevant studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenii Generalov
- Faculty of Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia
| | - Leonid Yakovenko
- Faculty of Physics, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991 Russia
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3
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Matsumoto Y, Ju T. Aberrant Glycosylation as Immune Therapeutic Targets for Solid Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3536. [PMID: 37509200 PMCID: PMC10377354 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation occurs at all major types of biomolecules, including proteins, lipids, and RNAs to form glycoproteins, glycolipids, and glycoRNAs in mammalian cells, respectively. The carbohydrate moiety, known as glycans on glycoproteins and glycolipids, is diverse in their compositions and structures. Normal cells have their unique array of glycans or glycome which play pivotal roles in many biological processes. The glycan structures in cancer cells, however, are often altered, some having unique structures which are termed as tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs). TACAs as tumor biomarkers are glycan epitopes themselves, or glycoconjugates. Some of those TACAs serve as tumor glyco-biomarkers in clinical practice, while others are the immune therapeutic targets for treatment of cancers. A monoclonal antibody (mAb) to GD2, an intermediate of sialic-acid containing glycosphingolipids, is an example of FDA-approved immune therapy for neuroblastoma indication in young adults and many others. Strategies for targeting the aberrant glycans are currently under development, and some have proceeded to clinical trials. In this review, we summarize the currently established and most promising aberrant glycosylation as therapeutic targets for solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Matsumoto
- Office of Biotechnology Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, The U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
| | - Tongzhong Ju
- Office of Biotechnology Products, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, The U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA
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Xiang T, Qiao M, Xie J, Li Z, Xie H. Emerging Roles of the Unique Molecular Chaperone Cosmc in the Regulation of Health and Disease. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12121732. [PMID: 36551160 PMCID: PMC9775496 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The core-1 β1-3galactosyltransferase-specific chaperone 1 (Cosmc) is a unique molecular chaperone of core-1 β1-3galactosyltransferase(C1GALT1), which typically functions inside the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Cosmc helps C1GALT1 to fold correctly and maintain activity. It also participates in the synthesis of the T antigen, O-glycan, together with C1GALT1. Cosmc is a multifaceted molecule with a wide range of roles and functions. It involves platelet production and the regulation of immune cell function. Besides that, the loss of function of Cosmc also facilitates the development of several diseases, such as inflammation diseases, immune-mediated diseases, and cancer. It suggests that Cosmc is a critical control point in diseases and that it should be regarded as a potential target for oncotherapy. It is essential to fully comprehend Cosmc's roles, as they may provide critical information about its involvement in disease development and pathogenesis. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in understanding the role of Cosmc in normal development and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Xiang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor cellular Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Heng yang School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang 421009, China
| | - Muchuan Qiao
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor cellular Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Heng yang School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang 421009, China
| | - Jiangbo Xie
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Laboratory for Functional Glycomics, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
- Correspondence: (Z.L.); (H.X.)
| | - Hailong Xie
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor cellular Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Heng yang School of Medicine, University of South China, Hengyang 421009, China
- Correspondence: (Z.L.); (H.X.)
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5
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Costa M, da Costa V, Lores P, Landeira M, Rodríguez-Zraquia SA, Festari MF, Freire T. Macrophage Gal/GalNAc lectin 2 (MGL2) + peritoneal antigen presenting cells during Fasciola hepatica infection are essential for regulatory T cell induction. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17661. [PMID: 36271272 PMCID: PMC9587262 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21520-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Fasciola hepatica, one of the agents that causes fasciolosis, modulates the host immune system to allow parasite survival in the host. F. hepatica expresses carbohydrate-containing glycoconjugates that are decoded by C-type lectin receptors, such as Dectin-1, mannose receptor, DC-SIGN and MGL, that are mainly present on myeloid antigen presenting cells (APCs) and can mediate immunoregulatory properties on T cells. In particular, Macrophage Gal/GalNAc lectin 2 (MGL2) expands modified Th2 immune responses, while suppressing Th1 polarization, upon recognition of GalNAc-glycosylated parasite components. In this study, by using MGL2-DTR transgenic mice that encode human diphtheria toxin receptor in MGL2+ cells, we demonstrate the role of peritoneal APCs during F. hepatica infection in favoring parasite survival. This process might be mediated by the induction of splenic Tregs in vivo, since the depletion of MGL2+ cells conferred mice with partial resistance to the infection and abrogated the increase of CD4+/CD25+ FoxP3+ Tregs induced by the parasite. Therefore, MGL2+ cells are critical determinants of F. hepatica infection and could constitute immune checkpoints to control parasite infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Costa
- grid.11630.350000000121657640Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, Gral. Flores 2125, 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Valeria da Costa
- grid.11630.350000000121657640Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, Gral. Flores 2125, 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Pablo Lores
- grid.11630.350000000121657640Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, Gral. Flores 2125, 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Mercedes Landeira
- grid.11630.350000000121657640Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, Gral. Flores 2125, 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Santiago A. Rodríguez-Zraquia
- grid.11630.350000000121657640Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, Gral. Flores 2125, 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - María Florencia Festari
- grid.11630.350000000121657640Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, Gral. Flores 2125, 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Teresa Freire
- grid.11630.350000000121657640Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, Gral. Flores 2125, 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay
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6
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da Costa V, Mariño KV, Rodríguez-Zraquia SA, Festari MF, Lores P, Costa M, Landeira M, Rabinovich GA, van Vliet SJ, Freire T. Lung Tumor Cells with Different Tn Antigen Expression Present Distinctive Immunomodulatory Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231912047. [PMID: 36233358 PMCID: PMC9570357 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231912047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the first leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. Aberrant glycosylation in lung tumors leads to the expression of tumor-associated carbohydrate structures, such as the Tn antigen, consisting of N-acetyl-galactosamine (GalNAc) linked to a serine or threonine residue in proteins (α-GalNAc-O-Ser/Thr). The Tn antigen can be recognized by the Macrophage Galactose/GalNAc lectin (MGL), which mediates various immune regulatory and tolerogenic functions, mainly by reprogramming the maturation of function of dendritic cells (DCs). In this work, we generated two different Tn-expressing variants from the Lewis-type lung murine cancer cell line LL/2, which showed different alterations in the O-glycosylation pathways that influenced the interaction with mouse MGL2 and the immunomodulatory properties of DCs. Thus, the identification of the biological programs triggered by Tn+ cancer cells might contribute to an improved understanding of the molecular mechanisms elicited by MGL-dependent immune regulatory circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria da Costa
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Karina V. Mariño
- Laboratorio de Glicómica Funcional y Molecular, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina
| | - Santiago A. Rodríguez-Zraquia
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - María Florencia Festari
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Pablo Lores
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Monique Costa
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Mercedes Landeira
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Gabriel A. Rabinovich
- Laboratorio de Glicomedicina, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires 1428, Argentina
| | - Sandra J. van Vliet
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Immunology, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Teresa Freire
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
- Correspondence:
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7
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Advances in the Immunomodulatory Properties of Glycoantigens in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14081854. [PMID: 35454762 PMCID: PMC9032556 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14081854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This work reviews the role of aberrant glycosylation in cancer cells during tumour growth and spreading, as well as in immune evasion. The interaction of tumour-associated glycans with the immune system through C-type lectin receptors can favour immune escape but can also provide opportunities to develop novel tumour immunotherapy strategies. This work highlights the main findings in this area and spotlights the challenges that remain to be investigated. Abstract Aberrant glycosylation in tumour progression is currently a topic of main interest. Tumour-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs) are expressed in a wide variety of epithelial cancers, being both a diagnostic tool and a potential treatment target, as they have impact on patient outcome and disease progression. Glycans affect both tumour-cell biology properties as well as the antitumor immune response. It has been ascertained that TACAs affect cell migration, invasion and metastatic properties both when expressed by cancer cells or by their extracellular vesicles. On the other hand, tumour-associated glycans recognized by C-type lectin receptors in immune cells possess immunomodulatory properties which enable tumour growth and immune response evasion. Yet, much remains unknown, concerning mechanisms involved in deregulation of glycan synthesis and how this affects cell biology on a major level. This review summarises the main findings to date concerning how aberrant glycans influence tumour growth and immunity, their application in cancer treatment and spotlights of unanswered challenges remaining to be solved.
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8
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Forton FM. Rosacea, an infectious disease: why rosacea with papulopustules should be considered a demodicosis. A narrative review. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2022; 36:987-1002. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.18049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Derosiers N, Aguilar W, DeGaramo DA, Posey AD. Sweet Immune Checkpoint Targets to Enhance T Cell Therapy. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 208:278-285. [PMID: 35017217 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite tremendous success against hematological malignancies, the performance of chimeric Ag receptor T cells against solid tumors remains poor. In such settings, the lack of success of this groundbreaking immunotherapy is in part mediated by ligand engagement of immune checkpoint molecules on the surface of T cells in the tumor microenvironment. Although CTLA-4 and programmed death-1 (PD-1) are well-established checkpoints that inhibit T cell activity, the engagement of glycans and glycan-binding proteins are a growing area of interest due to their immunomodulatory effects. This review discusses exemplary strategies to neutralize checkpoint molecules through an in-depth overview of genetic engineering approaches aimed at overcoming the inhibitory programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1)/PD-1 axis in T cell therapies and summarizes current knowledge on glycoimmune interactions that mediate T cell immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nohelly Derosiers
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; and
| | - William Aguilar
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; and
| | - David A DeGaramo
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; and
| | - Avery D Posey
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; and .,Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA
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10
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Sriwilaijaroen N, Suzuki Y. Roles of Glycans and Non-glycans on the Epithelium and in the Immune System in H1-H18 Influenza A Virus Infections. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2556:205-242. [PMID: 36175637 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2635-1_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The large variation of influenza A viruses (IAVs) in various susceptible hosts and their rapid evolution, which allows host/tissue switching, host immune escape, vaccine escape, and drug resistance, are difficult challenges for influenza control in all countries worldwide. Access and binding of the IAV to actual receptors at endocytic sites is critical for the establishment of influenza infection. In this chapter, the progress in identification of and roles of glycans and non-glycans on the epithelium and in the immune system in H1-H18 IAV infections are reviewed. The first part of the review is on current knowledge of H1-H16 IAV receptors on the epithelium including sialyl glycans, other negatively charged glycans, and annexins. The second part of the review focuses on H1-H16 IAV receptors in the immune system including acidic surfactant phospholipids, Sia on surfactant proteins, the carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) of surfactant proteins, Sia on mucins, Sia and C-type lectins on macrophages and dendritic cells, and Sia on NK cells. The third part of the review is about a possible H17-H18 IAV receptor. Binding of these receptors to IAVs may result in inhibition or enhancement of IAV infection depending on their location, host cell type, and IAV strain. Among these receptors, host sialyl glycans are key determinants of viral hemagglutinin (HA) lectins for H1-H16 infections. HA must acquire mutations to bind to sialyl glycans that are dominant on a new target tissue when switching to a new host for efficient transmission and to bind to long sialyl glycans found in the case of seasonal HAs with multiple glycosylation sites as a consequence of immune evasion. Although sialyl receptors/C-type lectins on immune cells are decoy receptors/pathogen recognition receptors for capturing viral HA lectin/glycans protecting HA antigenic sites, some IAV strains do not escape, such as by release with neuraminidase, but hijack these molecules to gain entry and replication in immune cells. An understanding of the virus-host battle tactics at the receptor level might lead to the establishment of novel strategies for effective control of influenza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nongluk Sriwilaijaroen
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani, Thailand.
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan.
| | - Yasuo Suzuki
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
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11
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van der Zande HJP, Nitsche D, Schlautmann L, Guigas B, Burgdorf S. The Mannose Receptor: From Endocytic Receptor and Biomarker to Regulator of (Meta)Inflammation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:765034. [PMID: 34721436 PMCID: PMC8551360 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.765034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The mannose receptor is a member of the C-type lectin (CLEC) family, which can bind and internalize a variety of endogenous and pathogen-associated ligands. Because of these properties, its role in endocytosis as well as antigen processing and presentation has been studied intensively. Recently, it became clear that the mannose receptor can directly influence the activation of various immune cells. Cell-bound mannose receptor expressed by antigen-presenting cells was indeed shown to drive activated T cells towards a tolerogenic phenotype. On the other hand, serum concentrations of a soluble form of the mannose receptor have been reported to be increased in patients suffering from a variety of inflammatory diseases and to correlate with severity of disease. Interestingly, we recently demonstrated that the soluble mannose receptor directly promotes macrophage proinflammatory activation and trigger metaflammation. In this review, we highlight the role of the mannose receptor and other CLECs in regulating the activation of immune cells and in shaping inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dominik Nitsche
- Cellular Immunology, Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Laura Schlautmann
- Cellular Immunology, Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Bruno Guigas
- Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Sven Burgdorf
- Cellular Immunology, Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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12
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da Costa V, van Vliet SJ, Carasi P, Frigerio S, García PA, Croci DO, Festari MF, Costa M, Landeira M, Rodríguez-Zraquia SA, Cagnoni AJ, Cutine AM, Rabinovich GA, Osinaga E, Mariño KV, Freire T. The Tn antigen promotes lung tumor growth by fostering immunosuppression and angiogenesis via interaction with Macrophage Galactose-type lectin 2 (MGL2). Cancer Lett 2021; 518:72-81. [PMID: 34144098 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Tn is a tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen that constitutes both a diagnostic tool and an immunotherapeutic target. It originates from interruption of the mucin O-glycosylation pathway through defects involving, at least in part, alterations in core-1 synthase activity, which is highly dependent on Cosmc, a folding chaperone. Tn antigen is recognized by the Macrophage Galactose-type Lectin (MGL), a C-type lectin receptor present on dendritic cells and macrophages. Specific interactions between Tn and MGL shape anti-tumoral immune responses by regulating several innate and adaptive immune cell programs. In this work, we generated and characterized a variant of the lung cancer murine cell line LL/2 that expresses Tn by mutation of the Cosmc chaperone gene (Tn+ LL/2). We confirmed Tn expression by lectin glycophenotyping and specific anti-Tn antibodies, verified abrogation of T-synthase activity in these cells, and confirmed its recognition by the murine MGL2 receptor. Interestingly, Tn+ LL/2 cells were more aggressive in vivo, resulting in larger and highly vascularized tumors than those generated from wild type Tn- LL/2 cells. In addition, Tn+ tumors exhibited an increase in CD11c+ F4/80+ cells with high expression of MGL2, together with an augmented expression of IL-10 in infiltrating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Importantly, this immunosuppressive microenvironment was dependent on the presence of MGL2+ cells, since depletion of these cells abrogated tumor growth, vascularization and recruitment of IL-10+ T cells. Altogether, our results suggest that expression of Tn in tumor cells and its interaction with MGL2-expressing CD11c+F4/80+ cells promote immunosuppression and angiogenesis, thus favoring tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria da Costa
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Sandra J van Vliet
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Paula Carasi
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Sofía Frigerio
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Pablo A García
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza (IHEM-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Diego O Croci
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza (IHEM-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - María Florencia Festari
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Monique Costa
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Mercedes Landeira
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Santiago A Rodríguez-Zraquia
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Alejandro J Cagnoni
- Laboratorio de Glicómica Funcional y Molecular, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Anabela M Cutine
- Laboratorio de Glicómica Funcional y Molecular, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriel A Rabinovich
- Laboratorio de Inmunopatología, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eduardo Osinaga
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Karina V Mariño
- Laboratorio de Glicómica Funcional y Molecular, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Teresa Freire
- Laboratorio de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
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13
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Forton FMN, De Maertelaer V. Which factors influence Demodex proliferation? A retrospective pilot study highlighting a possible role of subtle immune variations and sebaceous gland status. J Dermatol 2021; 48:1210-1220. [PMID: 33969532 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.15910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Demodex folliculorum and brevis are commensal mites that live in low densities in human pilosebaceous follicles as part of the normal adult microbiota, but that give rise to demodicosis and, possibly, rosacea, when they proliferate excessively. This proliferation is favored by various factors, including age, marked immunosuppression, sebaceous gland hyperplasia, and hypervascularization-related factors. To study possible factors influencing mite proliferation, we explored the effects of different variables on Demodex densities (Dd) in a retrospective study of two groups of subjects selected on the basis of their clinical diagnosis: Demodex+, consisting of subjects with demodicosis or with centro-facial papulopustules suggesting rosacea (n = 844, mean Dd 263.5 ± 8.9 D/cm2 ), and Demodex-, consisting of subjects with other facial dermatoses or healthy facial skin (n = 200, mean Dd 2.3 ± 0.4 D/cm2 ). Demodex densities were measured using two consecutive standardized skin surface biopsies (SSSB1 [superficial] and SSSB2 [deep]) taken from the same facial site on each subject. In the Demodex+ group: the SSSB1 decreased with age in women (p = 0.004), and the SSSB2 increased with age in men (p = 0.001) (the pattern was similar for SSSB1 + 2, but not statistically significant); Dds were lower in those who had received cortisone (either topically or systemically); 13 subjects (1.5%) had known immunosuppression, 62 (7.3%) had hypothyroidism, and in 20 (3.6% of the women) there was a reported link with pregnancy; 78 of the subjects (9.2%) were part of a pair from the same family or household; when associated bacterial infection was suspected, Staphylococcus epidermidis was often isolated. Our results suggest close interactions between the mite, sebaceous gland size and function, and subtle variations of immune status. Potential factors influencing Demodex proliferation should be further investigated, including hypothyroidism, pregnancy, corticosteroid administration, Staphylococcus epidermidis, contagiousity, and genetic background.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Viviane De Maertelaer
- Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie humaine et moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
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14
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Anderluh M, Berti F, Bzducha-Wróbel A, Chiodo F, Colombo C, Compostella F, Durlik K, Ferhati X, Holmdahl R, Jovanovic D, Kaca W, Lay L, Marinovic-Cincovic M, Marradi M, Ozil M, Polito L, Reina JJ, Reis CA, Sackstein R, Silipo A, Švajger U, Vaněk O, Yamamoto F, Richichi B, van Vliet SJ. Recent advances on smart glycoconjugate vaccines in infections and cancer. FEBS J 2021; 289:4251-4303. [PMID: 33934527 PMCID: PMC9542079 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Vaccination is one of the greatest achievements in biomedical research preventing death and morbidity in many infectious diseases through the induction of pathogen-specific humoral and cellular immune responses. Currently, no effective vaccines are available for pathogens with a highly variable antigenic load, such as the human immunodeficiency virus or to induce cellular T-cell immunity in the fight against cancer. The recent SARS-CoV-2 outbreak has reinforced the relevance of designing smart therapeutic vaccine modalities to ensure public health. Indeed, academic and private companies have ongoing joint efforts to develop novel vaccine prototypes for this virus. Many pathogens are covered by a dense glycan-coat, which form an attractive target for vaccine development. Moreover, many tumor types are characterized by altered glycosylation profiles that are known as "tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens". Unfortunately, glycans do not provoke a vigorous immune response and generally serve as T-cell-independent antigens, not eliciting protective immunoglobulin G responses nor inducing immunological memory. A close and continuous crosstalk between glycochemists and glycoimmunologists is essential for the successful development of efficient immune modulators. It is clear that this is a key point for the discovery of novel approaches, which could significantly improve our understanding of the immune system. In this review, we discuss the latest advancements in development of vaccines against glycan epitopes to gain selective immune responses and to provide an overview on the role of different immunogenic constructs in improving glycovaccine efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Anderluh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chair of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | - Anna Bzducha-Wróbel
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Fabrizio Chiodo
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Cinzia Colombo
- Department of Chemistry and CRC Materiali Polimerici (LaMPo), University of Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Compostella
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milano, Italy
| | - Katarzyna Durlik
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Xhenti Ferhati
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff', University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Rikard Holmdahl
- Division of Medical Inflammation Research, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dragana Jovanovic
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of thе Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Wieslaw Kaca
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Luigi Lay
- Department of Chemistry and CRC Materiali Polimerici (LaMPo), University of Milan, Italy
| | - Milena Marinovic-Cincovic
- Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of thе Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marco Marradi
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff', University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Musa Ozil
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Rize, Turkey
| | - Laura Polito
- National Research Council, CNR-SCITEC, Milan, Italy
| | - Josè Juan Reina
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Málaga-IBIMA, Spain.,Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology-BIONAND, Parque Tecnológico de Andalucía, Málaga, Spain
| | - Celso A Reis
- I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal.,IPATIMUP-Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Robert Sackstein
- Department of Translational Medicine, Translational Glycobiology Institute, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Alba Silipo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte Sant'Angelo, Napoli, Italy
| | - Urban Švajger
- Blood Transfusion Center of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ondřej Vaněk
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Fumiichiro Yamamoto
- Immunohematology & Glycobiology Laboratory, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Badalona, Spain
| | - Barbara Richichi
- Department of Chemistry 'Ugo Schiff', University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Sandra J van Vliet
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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15
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The Pathogenic Role of Demodex Mites in Rosacea: A Potential Therapeutic Target Already in Erythematotelangiectatic Rosacea? Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2020; 10:1229-1253. [PMID: 33095403 PMCID: PMC7649190 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-020-00458-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rosacea is a common facial dermatosis but its definition and classification are still unclear, especially in terms of its links with demodicosis. Triggers of rosacea (ultraviolet light, heat, spicy foods, alcohol, stress, microbes) are currently considered to induce a cascading innate and then adaptive immune response that gets out of control. Recent histological and biochemical studies support the concept that this inflammatory response is a continuum, already present from the onset of the disease, even when no clinical signs of inflammation are visible. The Demodex mite is beginning to be accepted as one of the triggers of this inflammatory cascade, and its proliferation as a marker of rosacea; moreover, the papulopustules of rosacea can be effectively treated with topical acaricidal agents. Demodex proliferation appears to be a continuum process in rosacea, and may not be clinically visible at the onset of the disease. Molecular studies suggest that Demodex may induce tolerogenic dendritic cells and collaborate with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to induce T cell exhaustion and favor its own proliferation. These interactions among VEGF, Demodex, and immunity need to be explored further and the nosology of rosacea adapted accordingly. However, treating early rosacea, with only clinically visible vascular symptoms, with an acaricide may decrease early inflammation, limit potential flare-ups following laser treatment, and prevent the ultimate development of the papulopustules of rosacea. The effectiveness of this approach needs to be confirmed by prospective controlled clinical trials with long-term follow-up. Currently, the evidence suggests that patients with only vascular symptoms of rosacea should be carefully examined for the presence of follicular scales as signs of Demodex overgrowth or pityriasis folliculorum so that these patients, at least, can be treated early with an acaricidal cream.
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16
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Cornelissen LAM, Blanas A, Zaal A, van der Horst JC, Kruijssen LJW, O'Toole T, van Kooyk Y, van Vliet SJ. Tn Antigen Expression Contributes to an Immune Suppressive Microenvironment and Drives Tumor Growth in Colorectal Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1622. [PMID: 33014816 PMCID: PMC7461972 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of the tumor-associated glycan Tn antigen (αGalNAc-Ser/Thr) has been correlated to poor prognosis and metastasis in multiple cancer types. However, the exact mechanisms exerted by Tn antigen to support tumor growth are still lacking. One emerging hallmark of cancer is evasion of immune destruction. Although tumor cells often exploit the glycosylation machinery to interact with the immune system, the contribution of Tn antigen to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment has scarcely been studied. Here, we explored how Tn antigen influences the tumor immune cell composition in a colorectal cancer (CRC) mouse model. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock out of the C1galt1c1 gene resulted in elevated Tn antigen levels on the cell surface of the CRC cell line MC38 (MC38-Tnhigh). RNA sequencing and subsequent GO term enrichment analysis of our Tnhigh glycovariant not only revealed differences in MAPK signaling and cell migration, but also in antigen processing and presentation as well as in cytotoxic T cell responses. Indeed, MC38-Tnhigh tumors displayed increased tumor growth in vivo, which was correlated with an altered tumor immune cell infiltration, characterized by reduced levels of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells and enhanced accumulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Interestingly, no systemic differences in T cell subsets were observed. Together, our data demonstrate for the first time that Tn antigen expression in the CRC tumor microenvironment affects the tumor-associated immune cell repertoire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenneke A M Cornelissen
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Athanasios Blanas
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anouk Zaal
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Joost C van der Horst
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Laura J W Kruijssen
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tom O'Toole
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Yvette van Kooyk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sandra J van Vliet
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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17
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ASGR1 and Its Enigmatic Relative, CLEC10A. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144818. [PMID: 32650396 PMCID: PMC7404283 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The large family of C-type lectin (CLEC) receptors comprises carbohydrate-binding proteins that require Ca2+ to bind a ligand. The prototypic receptor is the asialoglycoprotein receptor-1 (ASGR1, CLEC4H1) that is expressed primarily by hepatocytes. The early work on ASGR1, which is highly specific for N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc), established the foundation for understanding the overall function of CLEC receptors. Cells of the immune system generally express more than one CLEC receptor that serve diverse functions such as pathogen-recognition, initiation of cellular signaling, cellular adhesion, glycoprotein turnover, inflammation and immune responses. The receptor CLEC10A (C-type lectin domain family 10 member A, CD301; also called the macrophage galactose-type lectin, MGL) contains a carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD) that is homologous to the CRD of ASGR1, and thus, is also specific for GalNAc. CLEC10A is most highly expressed on immature DCs, monocyte-derived DCs, and alternatively activated macrophages (subtype M2a) as well as oocytes and progenitor cells at several stages of embryonic development. This receptor is involved in initiation of TH1, TH2, and TH17 immune responses and induction of tolerance in naïve T cells. Ligand-mediated endocytosis of CLEC receptors initiates a Ca2+ signal that interestingly has different outcomes depending on ligand properties, concentration, and frequency of administration. This review summarizes studies that have been carried out on these receptors.
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18
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Valverde P, Martínez JD, Cañada FJ, Ardá A, Jiménez-Barbero J. Molecular Recognition in C-Type Lectins: The Cases of DC-SIGN, Langerin, MGL, and L-Sectin. Chembiochem 2020; 21:2999-3025. [PMID: 32426893 PMCID: PMC7276794 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202000238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrates play a pivotal role in intercellular communication processes. In particular, glycan antigens are key for sustaining homeostasis, helping leukocytes to distinguish damaged tissues and invading pathogens from healthy tissues. From a structural perspective, this cross‐talk is fairly complex, and multiple membrane proteins guide these recognition processes, including lectins and Toll‐like receptors. Since the beginning of this century, lectins have become potential targets for therapeutics for controlling and/or avoiding the progression of pathologies derived from an incorrect immune outcome, including infectious processes, cancer, or autoimmune diseases. Therefore, a detailed knowledge of these receptors is mandatory for the development of specific treatments. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge about four key C‐type lectins whose importance has been steadily growing in recent years, focusing in particular on how glycan recognition takes place at the molecular level, but also looking at recent progresses in the quest for therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Valverde
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research Technology Alliance, BRTA, Bizkaia Technology park, Building 800, 48160, Derio, Spain
| | - J Daniel Martínez
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research Technology Alliance, BRTA, Bizkaia Technology park, Building 800, 48160, Derio, Spain
| | - F Javier Cañada
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Avda Monforte de Lemos 3-5, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Ardá
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research Technology Alliance, BRTA, Bizkaia Technology park, Building 800, 48160, Derio, Spain
| | - Jesús Jiménez-Barbero
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research Technology Alliance, BRTA, Bizkaia Technology park, Building 800, 48160, Derio, Spain.,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009, Bilbao, Spain.,Department of Organic Chemistry II, Faculty of Science and Technology, UPV-EHU, 48940, Leioa, Spain
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19
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Zaal A, Li RJE, Lübbers J, Bruijns SCM, Kalay H, van Kooyk Y, van Vliet SJ. Activation of the C-Type Lectin MGL by Terminal GalNAc Ligands Reduces the Glycolytic Activity of Human Dendritic Cells. Front Immunol 2020; 11:305. [PMID: 32161592 PMCID: PMC7053379 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Many tumors display alterations in the biosynthetic pathways of glycosylation, resulting in increased expression of specific tumor-associated glycan structures. Expression of these altered glycan structures is associated with metastasis and poor prognosis. Antigen presenting cells can recognize tumor-associated glycan structures, including the truncated O-glycan Tn antigen, via specific glycan receptors. Tn antigen-mediated activation of the C-type lectin MGL on dendritic cells induces regulatory T cells via the enhanced secretion of IL-10. Although these findings indicate that MGL engagement by glycan ligands can modulate immune responses, the impact of MGL ligation on dendritic cells is still not completely understood. Therefore, we employed RNA sequencing, GO term enrichment and pathway analysis on human monocyte-derived dendritic cells stimulated with two different MGL glycan ligands. Our analyses revealed a reduced expression of genes coding for key enzymes involved in the glycolysis pathway, TCA cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. In concordance with this, extracellular flux analysis confirmed the decrease in glycolytic activity upon MGL triggering in human dendritic cells. To our knowledge, we are the first to report a diminished glycolytic activity of human dendritic cells upon C-type lectin stimulation. Overall, our findings highlight the impact of tumor-associated glycans on dendritic cell biology and metabolism and will increase our understanding on how glycans can shape immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anouk Zaal
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - R J Eveline Li
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Joyce Lübbers
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sven C M Bruijns
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hakan Kalay
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Yvette van Kooyk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sandra J van Vliet
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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20
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Glioblastomas exploit truncated O -linked glycans for local and distant immune modulation via the macrophage galactose-type lectin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:3693-3703. [PMID: 32019882 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1907921117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most aggressive brain malignancy, for which immunotherapy has failed to prolong survival. Glioblastoma-associated immune infiltrates are dominated by tumor-associated macrophages and microglia (TAMs), which are key mediators of immune suppression and resistance to immunotherapy. We and others demonstrated aberrant expression of glycans in different cancer types. These tumor-associated glycans trigger inhibitory signaling in TAMs through glycan-binding receptors. We investigated the glioblastoma glycocalyx as a tumor-intrinsic immune suppressor. We detected increased expression of both tumor-associated truncated O-linked glycans and their receptor, macrophage galactose-type lectin (MGL), on CD163+ TAMs in glioblastoma patient-derived tumor tissues. In an immunocompetent orthotopic glioma mouse model overexpressing truncated O-linked glycans (MGL ligands), high-dimensional mass cytometry revealed a wide heterogeneity of infiltrating myeloid cells with increased infiltration of PD-L1+ TAMs as well as distant alterations in the bone marrow (BM). Our results demonstrate that glioblastomas exploit cell surface O-linked glycans for local and distant immune modulation.
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21
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Beckwith DM, Cudic M. Tumor-associated O-glycans of MUC1: Carriers of the glyco-code and targets for cancer vaccine design. Semin Immunol 2020; 47:101389. [PMID: 31926647 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2020.101389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The transformation from normal to malignant phenotype in human cancers is associated with aberrant cell-surface glycosylation. It has frequently been reported that MUC1, the heavily glycosylated cell-surface mucin, is altered in both, expression and glycosylation pattern, in human carcinomas of the epithelium. The presence of incomplete or truncated glycan structures, often capped by sialic acid, commonly known as tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens (TACAs), play a key role in tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis. Accumulating evidence suggests that expression of TACAs is associated with tumor escape from immune defenses. In this report, we will give an overview of the oncogenic functions of MUC1 that are exerted through TACA interactions with endogenous carbohydrate-binding proteins (lectins). These interactions often lead to creation of a pro-tumor microenvironment, favoring tumor progression and metastasis, and tumor evasion. In addition, we will describe current efforts in the design of cancer vaccines with special emphasis on synthetic MUC1 glycopeptide vaccines. Analysis of the key factors that govern structure-based design of immunogenic MUC1 glycopeptide epitopes are described. The role of TACA type, position, and density on observed humoral and cellular immune responses is evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donella M Beckwith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Florida Atlantic University, 777 Glades Road, Boca Raton, Florida 33431, United States
| | - Maré Cudic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science, Florida Atlantic University, 777 Glades Road, Boca Raton, Florida 33431, United States.
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22
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Singh Y, Rodriguez Benavente MC, Al-Huniti MH, Beckwith D, Ayyalasomayajula R, Patino E, Miranda WS, Wade A, Cudic M. Positional Scanning MUC1 Glycopeptide Library Reveals the Importance of PDTR Epitope Glycosylation for Lectin Binding. J Org Chem 2019; 85:1434-1445. [PMID: 31799848 PMCID: PMC7012140 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
One of the main barriers to explaining the functional significance of glycan-based changes in cancer is the natural epitope heterogeneity found on the surface of cancer cells. To help address this knowledge gap, we focused on designing synthetic tools to explore the role of tumor-associated glycans of MUC1 in the formation of metastasis via association with lectins. In this study, we have synthesized for the first time a MUC1-derived positional scanning synthetic glycopeptide combinatorial library (PS-SGCL) that vary in number and location of cancer-associated Tn antigen using the "tea bag" approach. The determination of the isokinetic ratios necessary for the equimolar incorporation of (glyco)amino acids mixtures to resin-bound amino acid was determined, along with developing an efficient protocol for on resin deprotection of O-acetyl groups. Enzyme-linked lectin assay was used to screen PS-SGCL against two plant lectins, Glycine max soybean agglutinin and Vicia villosa. The results revealed a carbohydrate density-dependent affinity trend and site-specific glycosylation requirements for high affinity binding to these lectins. Hence, PS-SGCLs provide a platform to systematically elucidate MUC1-lectin binding specificities, which in the long term may provide a rational design for novel inhibitors of MUC1-lectin interactions involved in tumor spread and glycopeptide-based cancer vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- YashoNandini Singh
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science , Florida Atlantic University , 777 Glades Road , Boca Raton , Florida 33431 , United States
| | - Maria C Rodriguez Benavente
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science , Florida Atlantic University , 777 Glades Road , Boca Raton , Florida 33431 , United States
| | - Mohammed H Al-Huniti
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science , Florida Atlantic University , 777 Glades Road , Boca Raton , Florida 33431 , United States
| | - Donella Beckwith
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science , Florida Atlantic University , 777 Glades Road , Boca Raton , Florida 33431 , United States
| | - Ramya Ayyalasomayajula
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science , Florida Atlantic University , 777 Glades Road , Boca Raton , Florida 33431 , United States
| | - Eric Patino
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science , Florida Atlantic University , 777 Glades Road , Boca Raton , Florida 33431 , United States
| | - William S Miranda
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science , Florida Atlantic University , 777 Glades Road , Boca Raton , Florida 33431 , United States
| | - Alex Wade
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science , Florida Atlantic University , 777 Glades Road , Boca Raton , Florida 33431 , United States
| | - Maré Cudic
- From the Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Charles E. Schmidt College of Science , Florida Atlantic University , 777 Glades Road , Boca Raton , Florida 33431 , United States
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Diniz A, Coelho H, Dias JS, Vliet SJ, Jiménez‐Barbero J, Corzana F, Cabrita EJ, Marcelo F. The Plasticity of the Carbohydrate Recognition Domain Dictates the Exquisite Mechanism of Binding of Human Macrophage Galactose‐Type Lectin. Chemistry 2019; 25:13945-13955. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Diniz
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTEDepartamento de QuímicaFaculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaUniversidade NOVA de Lisboa 2829-516 Caparica Portugal
| | - Helena Coelho
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTEDepartamento de QuímicaFaculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaUniversidade NOVA de Lisboa 2829-516 Caparica Portugal
- CIC bioGUNEBizkaia Technology Park, Building 801A 48170 Derio Spain
- Departament of Organic Chemistry IIFaculty of Science & TechnologyUniversity of the Basque Country, Leioa 48940 Bizkaia Spain
| | - Jorge S. Dias
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTEDepartamento de QuímicaFaculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaUniversidade NOVA de Lisboa 2829-516 Caparica Portugal
| | - Sandra J. Vliet
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and ImmunologyAmsterdam Infection and Immunity InstituteAmsterdam UMCVrije Universiteit Amsterdam 1007MB Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - Jesús Jiménez‐Barbero
- CIC bioGUNEBizkaia Technology Park, Building 801A 48170 Derio Spain
- Departament of Organic Chemistry IIFaculty of Science & TechnologyUniversity of the Basque Country, Leioa 48940 Bizkaia Spain
- IkerbasqueBasque Foundation for Science Maria Diaz de Haro 13 48009 Bilbao Spain
| | - Francisco Corzana
- Departamento de QuímicaCentro de Investigación en Síntesis QuímicaUniversidad de La Rioja 26006 Logroño Spain
| | - Eurico J. Cabrita
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTEDepartamento de QuímicaFaculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaUniversidade NOVA de Lisboa 2829-516 Caparica Portugal
| | - Filipa Marcelo
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTEDepartamento de QuímicaFaculdade de Ciências e TecnologiaUniversidade NOVA de Lisboa 2829-516 Caparica Portugal
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24
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Gu C, Wang L, Zurawski S, Oh S. Signaling Cascade through DC-ASGPR Induces Transcriptionally Active CREB for IL-10 Induction and Immune Regulation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 203:389-399. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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25
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Sahasrabudhe NM, van der Horst JC, Spaans V, Kenter G, de Kroon C, Bosse T, van Vliet SJ, Jordanova ES. MGL Ligand Expression Is Correlated to Lower Survival and Distant Metastasis in Cervical Squamous Cell and Adenosquamous Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2019; 9:29. [PMID: 30761272 PMCID: PMC6361794 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer type in women worldwide and is characterized by a highly immune-suppressive microenvironment. Here, we describe aberrant glycosylation as a factor mediating this immunosuppressive microenvironment. Expression of a specific carbohydrate ligand for the immune-regulatory C-type lectin MGL was correlated to poor disease-specific survival and distant recurrences in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC), the most common histological subtypes of cervical cancer. MGL ligand expression was also associated with lymph node metastasis, the absence of CD14+ myeloid cells and the presence of CD14-CD163+ myeloid cells. Indeed, expression of the MGL receptor itself could be detected on CD163+ cells, suggesting that MGL+ myeloid cells are able to interact locally with MGL ligand+ tumor cells. Additionally, MGL ligand expression correlated to the occurrence of PIK3CA mutations, the most frequently observed oncogenic alteration in cervical cancer. In conclusion, we present prognostic value for MGL ligand expression in SCC/ASC patients, which further supports an immune evasive role for the C-type lectin MGL in the tumor immune compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha M. Sahasrabudhe
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Joost C. van der Horst
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Vivian Spaans
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Gemma Kenter
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Gynecological Oncology Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Cor de Kroon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Tjalling Bosse
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Sandra J. van Vliet
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ekaterina S. Jordanova
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center for Gynecological Oncology Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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26
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Lübbers J, Rodríguez E, van Kooyk Y. Modulation of Immune Tolerance via Siglec-Sialic Acid Interactions. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2807. [PMID: 30581432 PMCID: PMC6293876 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the key features of the immune system is its extraordinary capacity to discriminate between self and non-self and to respond accordingly. Several molecular interactions allow the induction of acquired immune responses when a foreign antigen is recognized, while others regulate the resolution of inflammation, or the induction of tolerance to self-antigens. Post-translational signatures, such as glycans that are part of proteins (glycoproteins) and lipids (glycolipids) of host cells or pathogens, are increasingly appreciated as key molecules in regulating immunity vs. tolerance. Glycans are sensed by glycan binding receptors expressed on immune cells, such as C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) and Sialic acid binding immunoglobulin type lectins (Siglecs), that respond to specific glycan signatures by triggering tolerogenic or immunogenic signaling pathways. Glycan signatures present on healthy tissue, inflamed and malignant tissue or pathogens provide signals for “self” or “non-self” recognition. In this review we will focus on sialic acids that serve as “self” molecular pattern ligands for Siglecs. We will emphasize on the function of Siglec-expressing mononuclear phagocytes as sensors for sialic acids in tissue homeostasis and describe how the sialic acid-Siglec axis is exploited by tumors and pathogens for the induction of immune tolerance. Furthermore, we highlight how the sialic acid-Siglec axis can be utilized for clinical applications to induce or inhibit immune tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Lübbers
- Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ernesto Rodríguez
- Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Yvette van Kooyk
- Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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27
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Marcelo F, Supekar N, Corzana F, van der Horst JC, Vuist IM, Live D, Boons GJPH, Smith DF, van Vliet SJ. Identification of a secondary binding site in human macrophage galactose-type lectin by microarray studies: Implications for the molecular recognition of its ligands. J Biol Chem 2018; 294:1300-1311. [PMID: 30504228 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.004957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The human macrophage galactose-type lectin (MGL) is a C-type lectin characterized by a unique specificity for terminal GalNAc residues present in the tumor-associated Tn antigen (αGalNAc-Ser/Thr) and its sialylated form, the sialyl-Tn antigen. However, human MGL has multiple splice variants, and whether these variants have distinct ligand-binding properties is unknown. Here, using glycan microarrays, we compared the binding properties of the short MGL 6C (MGLshort) and the long MGL 6B (MGLlong) splice variants, as well as of a histidine-to-threonine mutant (MGLshort H259T). Although the MGLshort and MGLlong variants displayed similar binding properties on the glycan array, the MGLshort H259T mutant failed to interact with the sialyl-Tn epitope. As the MGLshort H259T variant could still bind a single GalNAc monosaccharide on this array, we next investigated its binding characteristics to Tn-containing glycopeptides derived from the MGL ligands mucin 1 (MUC1), MUC2, and CD45. Strikingly, in the glycopeptide microarray, the MGLshort H259T variant lost high-affinity binding toward Tn-containing glycopeptides, especially at low probing concentrations. Moreover, MGLshort H259T was unable to recognize cancer-associated Tn epitopes on tumor cell lines. Molecular dynamics simulations indicated that in WT MGLshort, His259 mediates H bonds directly or engages the Tn-glycopeptide backbone through water molecules. These bonds were lost in MGLshort H259T, thus explaining its lower binding affinity. Together, our results suggest that MGL not only connects to the Tn carbohydrate epitope, but also engages the underlying peptide via a secondary binding pocket within the MGL carbohydrate recognition domain containing the His259 residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Marcelo
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Nitin Supekar
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Francisco Corzana
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis Química, E-26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Joost C van der Horst
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ilona M Vuist
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David Live
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - Geert-Jan P H Boons
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
| | - David F Smith
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory Comprehensive Glycomics Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Sandra J van Vliet
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 1081 HZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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28
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Sahasrabudhe NM, Lenos K, van der Horst JC, Rodríguez E, van Vliet SJ. Oncogenic BRAFV600E drives expression of MGL ligands in the colorectal cancer cell line HT29 through N-acetylgalactosamine-transferase 3. Biol Chem 2018; 399:649-659. [PMID: 29894293 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2018-0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer type worldwide. It is characterized by a high expression of aberrantly glycosylated ligands, such as the Tn antigen (GalNAcα1-Ser/Thr), which is a major ligand for the C-type lectin macrophage galactose-type lectin (MGL). We have previously determined that a high level of MGL ligands in colorectal tumors is associated with lower disease-free survival in patients with late stage disease, which we could attribute to the presence of oncogenic BRAFV600E mutations. Here we aimed to elucidate the downstream pathway of BRAFV600E governing high MGL ligand and Tn antigen expression. We focused on glycosylation-related enzymes involved in the synthesis or elongation of Tn antigen, N-acetylgalactosamine-transferases (GALNTs) and C1GalT1/COSMC, respectively. Both the activity and expression of C1GalT1 and COSMC were unrelated to the BRAF mutational status. In contrast, GALNT3, GALNT7 and GALNT12 were increased in colorectal cancer cells harboring the BRAFV600E mutation. Through CRISPR-Cas9 gene knockouts we could establish that GALNT3 increased MGL ligand synthesis in the HT29 cell line, while GALNT7 and GALNT12 appeared to have redundant roles. Together our results highlight a novel mechanistic pathway connecting BRAFV600E to aberrant glycosylation in colorectal cancer through GALNT3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha M Sahasrabudhe
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kristiaan Lenos
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joost C van der Horst
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ernesto Rodríguez
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra J van Vliet
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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29
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Li M, Eckl J, Abicht JM, Mayr T, Reichart B, Schendel DJ, Pohla H. Induction of porcine-specific regulatory T cells with high specificity and expression of IL-10 and TGF-β1 using baboon-derived tolerogenic dendritic cells. Xenotransplantation 2017; 25. [DOI: 10.1111/xen.12355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingqian Li
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology; LIFE Center; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich Germany
- Department of Urology; University Hospital; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich Germany
| | - Judith Eckl
- Institute of Molecular Immunology; Helmholtz Zentrum München; German Research Center for Environmental Health; Munich Germany
- Medigene Immunotherapies GmbH; Planegg-Martinsried Germany
| | - Jan-Michael Abicht
- Department of Anaesthesiology; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich Germany
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich Germany
| | - Tanja Mayr
- Department of Anaesthesiology; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich Germany
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich Germany
| | - Bruno Reichart
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich Germany
| | - Dolores J. Schendel
- Institute of Molecular Immunology; Helmholtz Zentrum München; German Research Center for Environmental Health; Munich Germany
- Medigene Immunotherapies GmbH; Planegg-Martinsried Germany
| | - Heike Pohla
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology; LIFE Center; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich Germany
- Department of Urology; University Hospital; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität; Munich Germany
- Institute of Molecular Immunology; Helmholtz Zentrum München; German Research Center for Environmental Health; Munich Germany
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30
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Rodríguez E, Carasi P, Frigerio S, da Costa V, van Vliet S, Noya V, Brossard N, van Kooyk Y, García-Vallejo JJ, Freire T. Fasciola hepatica Immune Regulates CD11c + Cells by Interacting with the Macrophage Gal/GalNAc Lectin. Front Immunol 2017; 8:264. [PMID: 28360908 PMCID: PMC5350155 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Fasciolosis, caused by Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica, is a trematode zoonosis of interest in public health and livestock production. Like other helminths, F. hepatica modulates the host immune response by inducing potent polarized Th2 and regulatory T cell immune responses and by downregulating the production of Th1 cytokines. In this work, we show that F. hepatica glycans increase Th2 immune responses by immunomodulating TLR-induced maturation and function of dendritic cells (DCs). This process was mediated by the macrophage Gal/GalNAc lectin (MGL) expressed on DCs, which recognizes the Tn antigen (GalNAc-Ser/Thr) on parasite components. More interestingly, we identified MGL-expressing CD11c+ cells in infected animals and showed that these cells are recruited both to the peritoneum and the liver upon F. hepatica infection. These cells express the regulatory cytokines IL-10, TNFα and TGFβ and a variety of regulatory markers. Furthermore, MGL+ CD11c+ cells expand parasite-specific Th2/regulatory cells and suppress Th1 polarization. The results presented here suggest a potential role of MGL in the immunomodulation of DCs induced by F. hepatica and contribute to a better understanding of the molecular and immunoregulatory mechanisms induced by this parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Rodríguez
- Grupo de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República , Montevideo , Uruguay
| | - Paula Carasi
- Grupo de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República , Montevideo , Uruguay
| | - Sofía Frigerio
- Grupo de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República , Montevideo , Uruguay
| | - Valeria da Costa
- Grupo de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República , Montevideo , Uruguay
| | - Sandra van Vliet
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center , Amsterdam , Netherlands
| | - Verónica Noya
- Grupo de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República , Montevideo , Uruguay
| | - Natalie Brossard
- Grupo de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República , Montevideo , Uruguay
| | - Yvette van Kooyk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center , Amsterdam , Netherlands
| | - Juan J García-Vallejo
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center , Amsterdam , Netherlands
| | - Teresa Freire
- Grupo de Inmunomodulación y Desarrollo de Vacunas, Departamento de Inmunobiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La República , Montevideo , Uruguay
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31
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Cote R, Lynn Eggink L, Kenneth Hoober J. CLEC receptors, endocytosis and calcium signaling. AIMS ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.3934/allergy.2017.4.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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32
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Mannose receptor induces T-cell tolerance via inhibition of CD45 and up-regulation of CTLA-4. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:10649-54. [PMID: 27601670 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1605885113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The mannose receptor (MR) is an endocytic receptor involved in serum homeostasis and antigen presentation. Here, we identify the MR as a direct regulator of CD8(+) T-cell activity. We demonstrate that MR expression on dendritic cells (DCs) impaired T-cell cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. This regulatory effect of the MR was mediated by a direct interaction with CD45 on the T cell, inhibiting its phosphatase activity, which resulted in up-regulation of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated Protein 4 (CTLA-4) and the induction of T-cell tolerance. Inhibition of CD45 prevented expression of B-cell lymphoma 6 (Bcl-6), a transcriptional inhibitor that directly bound the CTLA-4 promoter and regulated its activity. These data demonstrate that endocytic receptors expressed on DCs contribute to the regulation of T-cell functionality.
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33
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Lenos K, Goos JACM, Vuist IM, den Uil SH, Delis-van Diemen PM, Belt EJT, Stockmann HBAC, Bril H, de Wit M, Carvalho B, Giblett S, Pritchard CA, Meijer GA, van Kooyk Y, Fijneman RJA, van Vliet SJ. MGL ligand expression is correlated to BRAF mutation and associated with poor survival of stage III colon cancer patients. Oncotarget 2016; 6:26278-90. [PMID: 26172302 PMCID: PMC4694901 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent cancer type worldwide with a mortality rate of approximately 50%. Elevated cell-surface expression of truncated carbohydrate structures such as Tn antigen (GalNAcα-Ser/Thr) is frequently observed during tumor progression. We have previously demonstrated that the C-type lectin macrophage galactose-type lectin (MGL), expressed by human antigen presenting cells, can distinguish healthy tissue from CRC through its specific recognition of Tn antigen. Both MGL binding and oncogenic BRAF mutations have been implicated in establishing an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Here we aimed to evaluate whether MGL ligand expression has prognostic value and whether this was correlated to BRAF(V600E) mutation status. Using a cohort of 386 colon cancer patients we demonstrate that high MGL binding to stage III tumors is associated with poor disease-free survival, independent of microsatellite instability or adjuvant chemotherapy. In vitro studies using CRC cell lines showed an association between MGL ligand expression and the presence of BRAF(V600E). Administration of specific BRAF(V600E) inhibitors resulted in decreased expression of MGL-binding glycans. Moreover, a positive correlation between induction of BRAF(V600E) and MGL binding to epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal tract was found in vivo using an inducible BRAF(V600E) mouse model. We conclude that the BRAF(V600E) mutation induces MGL ligand expression, thereby providing a direct link between oncogenic transformation and aberrant expression of immunosuppressive glycans. The strong prognostic value of MGL ligands in stage III colon cancer patients, i.e. when tumor cells disseminate to lymph nodes, further supports the putative immune evasive role of MGL ligands in metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristiaan Lenos
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Current address: Laboratory of Experimental Oncology and Radiobiology, Center for Experimental Molecular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen A C M Goos
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ilona M Vuist
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Current address: Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd H den Uil
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Surgery, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem, The Netherlands
| | - Pien M Delis-van Diemen
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Current address: Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eric J Th Belt
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Herman Bril
- Department of Pathology, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem, The Netherlands
| | - Meike de Wit
- Department of Medical Oncology, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Current address: Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Beatriz Carvalho
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Current address: Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Susan Giblett
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | | | - Gerrit A Meijer
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Current address: Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yvette van Kooyk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Remond J A Fijneman
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Current address: Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra J van Vliet
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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34
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A Bitter Sweet Symphony: Immune Responses to Altered O-glycan Epitopes in Cancer. Biomolecules 2016; 6:biom6020026. [PMID: 27153100 PMCID: PMC4919921 DOI: 10.3390/biom6020026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The appearance of aberrant glycans on the tumor cell surface is one of the emerging hallmarks of cancer. Glycosylation is an important post-translation modification of proteins and lipids and is strongly affected by oncogenesis. Tumor-associated glycans have been extensively characterized regarding their composition and tumor-type specific expression patterns. Nevertheless whether and how tumor-associated glycans contribute to the observed immunomodulatory actions by tumors has not been extensively studied. Here, we provide a detailed overview of the current knowledge on how tumor-associated O-glycans affect the anti-tumor immune response, thereby focusing on truncated O-glycans present on epithelial tumors and mucins. These tumor-associated O-glycans and mucins bind a variety of lectin receptors on immune cells to facilitate the subsequently induction of tolerogenic immune responses. We, therefore, postulate that tumor-associated glycans not only support tumor growth, but also actively contribute to immune evasion.
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Chia J, Goh G, Bard F. Short O-GalNAc glycans: regulation and role in tumor development and clinical perspectives. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1860:1623-39. [PMID: 26968459 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While the underlying causes of cancer are genetic modifications, changes in cellular states mediate cancer development. Tumor cells display markedly changed glycosylation states, of which the O-GalNAc glycans called the Tn and TF antigens are particularly common. How these antigens get over-expressed is not clear. The expression levels of glycosylation enzymes fail to explain it. SCOPE OF REVIEW We describe the regulation of O-GalNAc glycosylation initiation and extension with emphasis on the initiating enzymes ppGalNAcTs (GALNTs), and introduce the GALA pathway--a change in GALNTs compartmentation within the secretory pathway that regulates Tn levels. We discuss the roles of O-GalNAc glycans and GALNTs in tumorigenic processes and finally consider diagnostic and therapeutic perspectives. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Contrary to a common hypothesis, short O-glycans in tumors are not the result of an incomplete glycosylation process but rather reveal the activation of regulatory pathways. Surprisingly, high Tn levels reveal a major shift in the O-glycoproteome rather than a shortening of O-glycans. These changes are driven by membrane trafficking events. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Many attempts to use O-glycans for biomarker, antibody and therapeutic vaccine development have been made, but suffer limitations including poor sensitivity and/or specificity that may in part derive from lack of a mechanistic understanding. Deciphering how short O-GalNAc glycans are regulated would open new perspectives to exploit this biology for therapeutic usage. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Glycans in personalised medicine" Guest Editor: Professor Gordan Lauc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Chia
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, 138673, Singapore
| | - Germaine Goh
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, 138673, Singapore
| | - Frederic Bard
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, 138673, Singapore; Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, 21 Lower Kent Ridge, Road, 119077, Singapore.
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MGL Receptor and Immunity: When the Ligand Can Make the Difference. J Immunol Res 2015; 2015:450695. [PMID: 26839900 PMCID: PMC4709716 DOI: 10.1155/2015/450695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) on antigen-presenting cells (APCs) facilitate uptake of carbohydrate antigens for antigen presentation, modulating the immune response in infection, homeostasis, autoimmunity, allergy, and cancer. In this review, we focus on the role of the macrophage galactose type C-type lectin (MGL) in the immune response against self-antigens, pathogens, and tumor associated antigens (TAA). MGL is a CLR exclusively expressed by dendritic cells (DCs) and activated macrophages (MØs), able to recognize terminal GalNAc residues, including the sialylated and nonsialylated Tn antigens. We discuss the effects on DC function induced throughout the engagement of MGL, highlighting the importance of the antigen structure in the modulation of immune response. Indeed modifying Tn-density, the length, and steric structure of the Tn-antigens can result in generating immunogens that can efficiently bind to MGL, strongly activate DCs, mimic the effects of a danger signal, and achieve an efficient presentation in HLA classes I and II compartments.
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In situ Delivery of Antigen to DC-SIGN(+)CD14(+) Dermal Dendritic Cells Results in Enhanced CD8(+) T-Cell Responses. J Invest Dermatol 2015; 135:2228-2236. [PMID: 25885805 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2015.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
CD14(+) dendritic cells (DCs) present in the dermis of human skin represent a large subset of dermal DCs (dDCs) that are considered macrophage-like cells with poor antigen (cross)-presenting capacity and limited migratory potential to the lymph nodes. CD14(+) dDC highly express DC-specific ICAM-3-grabbing non-integrin (DC-SIGN), a receptor containing potent endocytic capacity, facilitating intracellular routing of antigens to major histocompatibility complex I and II (MHC-I andII) loading compartments for the presentation to antigen-specific CD8(+) and CD4(+) T cells. Here we show using a human skin explant model that the in situ targeting of antigens to DC-SIGN using glycan-modified liposomes enhances the antigen-presenting capacity of CD14(+) dDCs. Intradermal vaccination of liposomes modified with the DC-SIGN-targeting glycan Lewis(X), containing melanoma antigens (MART-1 or Gp100), accumulated in CD14(+) dDCs and resulted in enhanced Gp100- or MART-1-specific CD8(+) T-cell responses. Simultaneous intradermal injection of the cytokines GM-CSF and IL-4 as adjuvant enhanced the migration of the skin DCs and increased the expression of DC-SIGN on the CD14(+) and CD1a(+) dDCs. These data demonstrate that human CD14(+) dDCs exhibit potent cross-presenting capacity when targeted in situ through DC-SIGN.
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Antigen presenting cell-selective drug delivery by glycan-decorated nanocarriers. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2015; 95:13-7. [PMID: 25701806 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2015.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Targeted drug delivery systems hold promise for selective provision of active compounds to distinct tissues or cell subsets. Thus, locally enhanced drug concentrations are obtained that would confer improved efficacy. As a consequence adverse effects should be diminished, as innocent bystander cells are less affected. Currently, several controlled drug delivery systems based on diverse materials are being developed. Some systems exhibit material-associated toxic effects and/or show low drug loading capacity. In contrast, liposomal nanocarriers are particularly favorable because they are well tolerated, poorly immunogenic, can be produced in defined sizes, and offer a reasonable payload capacity. Compared with other immune cells, professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) demonstrate enhanced liposome uptake mediated by macropinocytosis, phagocytosis and presumably also by clathrin- and caveolae-mediated endocytosis. In order to further enhance the targeting efficacy toward APCs, receptor-mediated uptake appears advisable. Since APC subsets generally do not express single linage-specific receptors, members of the C-type lectin receptor (CLR) family are compelling targets. Examples of CLR expressed by APCs include DEC-205 (CD205) expressed by myeloid dendritic cells (DC) and monocytes, the mannose receptor C type 1 (MR, CD206) expressed by DC, monocytes and macrophages, DC-SIGN (CD209) expressed by DC, and several others. These receptors bind glycans, which are typically displayed by pathogens and thus support pathogen uptake and endocytosis. Further research will elucidate whether glycan-decorated liposomes will not only enhance APCs targeting but also enable preferential delivery of their payload to discrete subcellular compartments.
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Novel insights into the immunomodulatory role of the dendritic cell and macrophage-expressed C-type lectin MGL. Immunobiology 2014; 220:185-92. [PMID: 25454488 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Based on their ability to balance tolerance and inflammation, antigen presenting cells, such as dendritic cells and macrophages contribute to the maintenance of immune homeostasis as well as the instigation of immune activation. Acting as key sensors of tissue integrity and pathogen invasion, they are well equipped with a wide variety of pattern recognition receptors, to which the C-type lectin family also belongs. C-type lectins are glycan-binding receptors that mediate cell-cell communication and pathogen recognition, besides participating in the endocytosis of antigens for presentation to T cells and the fine-tuning of immune responses. Here we review the current state-of-the-art on the dendritic cell and macrophage-expressed C-type lectin macrophage galactose-type lectin (MGL), highlighting the binding specificities, signaling properties and modulation of innate and adaptive immunity by its human and murine orthologues.
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Fehres CM, Bruijns SCM, van Beelen AJ, Kalay H, Ambrosini M, Hooijberg E, Unger WWJ, de Gruijl TD, van Kooyk Y. Topical rather than intradermal application of the TLR7 ligand imiquimod leads to human dermal dendritic cell maturation and CD8+T-cell cross-priming. Eur J Immunol 2014; 44:2415-24. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.201344094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Revised: 03/31/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia M. Fehres
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology; VU University Medical Center; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Sven C. M. Bruijns
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology; VU University Medical Center; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Astrid J. van Beelen
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology; VU University Medical Center; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Hakan Kalay
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology; VU University Medical Center; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Martino Ambrosini
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology; VU University Medical Center; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Erik Hooijberg
- Department of Pathology; VU University Medical Center; Amsterdam; The Netherlands
| | - Wendy W. J. Unger
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology; VU University Medical Center; Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Tanja D. de Gruijl
- Department of Medical Oncology; VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam; The Netherlands
| | - Yvette van Kooyk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology; VU University Medical Center; Amsterdam The Netherlands
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van Vliet SJ, Bay S, Vuist IM, Kalay H, García-Vallejo JJ, Leclerc C, van Kooyk Y. MGL signaling augments TLR2-mediated responses for enhanced IL-10 and TNF-α secretion. J Leukoc Biol 2013; 94:315-23. [PMID: 23744646 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.1012520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
DCs orchestrate immune responses to infectious pathogens and disturbances in tissue integrity. Equipped with C-type lectins, DCs can respond to environmental changes in glycosylation. Many C-type lectins are capable of modulating TLR activation, thereby facilitating tailor-made immune reactions. Here, we investigated the signaling properties of the C-type lectin MGL and show that MGL engagement by agonistic antibodies or carbohydrate ligands couples to TLR signal transduction for increased IL-10 and TNF-α secretion by human monocyte-derived DCs. MGL triggering especially synergized with TLR2-induced pathways, leading to elevated IL-10 mRNA levels and enhanced TNF-α mRNA stability. In addition, MGL signaling promoted phosphorylation of the MAPK ERK and the transcription factor CREB. Whereas specific inhibitors of p90RSK blocked the MGL-induced cytokine secretion, AP-1 was not involved. Strikingly, NF-κB was only crucial for the IL-10 response and dispensable for TNF-α production. Together, our results demonstrate that MGL activation of the ERK-p90RSK-CREB axis converges with TLR2-induced pathways, thereby fine-tuning the DC maturation phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra J van Vliet
- VU University Medical Center, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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42
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Short KR, Brooks AG, Reading PC, Londrigan SL. The fate of influenza A virus after infection of human macrophages and dendritic cells. J Gen Virol 2012; 93:2315-2325. [PMID: 22894921 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.045021-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Airway macrophages (MΦ) and dendritic cells (DC) are important components of the innate host defence. Historically, these immune cells have been considered to play a critical role in controlling the severity of influenza A virus (IAV) infection by limiting virus release, initiating local inflammatory responses and by priming subsequent adaptive immune responses. However, some IAV strains have been reported to replicate productively in human immune cells. Potential amplification and dissemination of IAV from immune cells may therefore be an important virulence determinant. Herein, we will review findings in relation to the fate of IAV following infection of MΦ and DC. Insights regarding the consequences and outcomes of IAV infection of airway MΦ and DC are discussed in order to gain a better understanding of the pathogenesis of influenza virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty R Short
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Andrew G Brooks
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Patrick C Reading
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, North Melbourne, Victoria 3051, Australia.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Sarah L Londrigan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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43
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Multiple signaling pathways are involved in the interleukine-4 regulated expression of DC-SIGN in THP-1 cell line. J Biomed Biotechnol 2012; 2012:357060. [PMID: 22675249 PMCID: PMC3363004 DOI: 10.1155/2012/357060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2011] [Revised: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 02/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3 grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN) is an important pattern recognition receptor on dendritic cells (DCs), and its expression shows significant cytological and histological specificity, being interleukine-4 (IL-4) dependent. The signaling pathways through which IL-4 regulates expression of DC-SIGN are still unclear. We used phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate- (PMA-) differentiated THP-1 cells as the in vitro model of monocyte/macrophage cells to study the signaling pathways involved in IL-4-regulated expression of DC-SIGN. We found that a high expression of DC-SIGN could be induced by IL-4 at the levels of mRNA and cell surface protein. Upregulated expression of DC-SIGN was almost completely blocked by the specific inhibitor of ERK pathway, and partly reduced by the specific inhibitors of JAK-STAT and NF-κB pathways. The activation of the three signaling pathways was directly confirmed by testing the phosphorylation of protein kinase within the cytoplasm and nucleus over time. The analysis of cis-acting elements of DC-SIGN promoter showed that the activity of DC-SIGN promoter without Ets-1 transcription factors binding site almost completely disappeared. Our results demonstrated that multiple signaling pathways are involved in IL-4 induced high expression of DC-SIGN on THP-1 cells, in which ERK pathway is the main signaling pathway and mediated by the Ets-1 transcription factors binding site.
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44
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Specific glycan elements determine differential binding of individual egg glycoproteins of the human parasite Schistosoma mansoni by host C-type lectin receptors. Int J Parasitol 2012; 42:269-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2012.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2011] [Revised: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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45
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Londrigan SL, Tate MD, Brooks AG, Reading PC. Cell-surface receptors on macrophages and dendritic cells for attachment and entry of influenza virus. J Leukoc Biol 2011; 92:97-106. [PMID: 22124137 PMCID: PMC7166464 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.1011492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Review of interactions between influenza A virus and C‐type lectin receptors on macrophages and dendritic cells that may result in virus entry and infection. Airway MΦ and DCs are important components of innate host defense and can play a critical role in limiting the severity of influenza virus infection. Although it has been well established that cell‐surface SA acts as a primary attachment receptor for IAV, the particular receptor(s) or coreceptor(s) that mediate IAV entry into any cell, including MΦ and DC, have not been clearly defined. Identifying which receptors are involved in attachment and entry of IAV into immune cells may have important implications in regard to understanding IAV tropism and pathogenesis. Recent evidence suggests that specialized receptors on MΦ and DCs, namely CLRs, can act as capture and/or entry receptors for many viral pathogens, including IAV. Herein, we review the early stages of infection of MΦ and DC by IAV. Specifically, we examine the potential role of CLRs expressed on MΦ and DC to act as attachment and/or entry receptors for IAV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Londrigan
- The Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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46
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Terrazas CA, Sánchez-Muñoz F, Mejía-Domínguez AM, Amezcua-Guerra LM, Terrazas LI, Bojalil R, Gómez-García L. Cestode antigens induce a tolerogenic-like phenotype and inhibit LPS inflammatory responses in human dendritic cells. Int J Biol Sci 2011; 7:1391-400. [PMID: 22110390 PMCID: PMC3221946 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.7.1391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2011] [Accepted: 10/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogens have developed strategies to modify Dendritic Cells (DCs) phenotypes and impair their functions in order to create a safer environment for their survival. DCs responses to helminths and their derivatives vary among different studies. Here we show that excretory/secretory products of the cestode Taenia crassiceps (TcES) do not induce the maturation of human DCs judged by a lack of increment in the expression of CD83, HLA-DR, CD80 and CD86 molecules but enhanced the production of IL-10 and positively modulated the expression of the C-type lectin receptor MGL and negatively modulated the expression of DC-SIGN. Additionally, these antigens were capable of down-modulating the inflammatory response induced by LPS in these cells by reducing the expression of the maturation markers and the production of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, TNF, IL-12 and IL-6. The effects of TcES upon the DCs responses to LPS were stronger if cells were exposed during their differentiation to the helminth antigens. All together, these findings suggest the ability of TcES to induce the differentiation of human DCs into a tolerogenic-like phenotype and to inhibit the effects of inflammatory stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- César A Terrazas
- Biomedicine Unit, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, UNAM, México City, México
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47
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Abstract
A common phenotypic change in cancer is a dramatic transformation of cellular glycosylation. Functional studies of particular tumour-associated oligosaccharides are difficult to interpret conclusively, but carbohydrate-binding proteins are likely to contribute to progression of the tumour. This review discusses the potential role of CLRs (C-type lectin receptors), expressed by antigen-presenting cells of the immune system, in tumour recognition and immune modulation. Studies in recent years have provided significant insight into the immunomodulatory function of CLR during infections, but their role in cancer remains elusive; some strongly bind tumour cells and antigens, indicating participation in malignancy. The potential to use recombinant CLR as diagnostic tools will also be discussed.
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48
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Majai G, Gogolák P, Ambrus C, Vereb G, Hodrea J, Fésüs L, Rajnavölgyi E. PPARγ modulated inflammatory response of human dendritic cell subsets to engulfed apoptotic neutrophils. J Leukoc Biol 2010; 88:981-91. [PMID: 20686116 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0310144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The means of how phagocytes handle apoptotic cells has a great impact on the outcome of immune responses. Here, we show that phagocytosis of allogeneic, apoptotic neutrophils by human monocyte-derived DCs is slow and less efficient than that of macrophages, and CD1a(-) DCs are more active in the engulfment of apoptotic neutrophils than CD1a(+) DCs. Blocking DC-SIGN function partially interferes with the uptake of apoptotic cells, and long-term interaction of apoptotic neutrophils with DCs makes them prone to proinflammatory cytokine responses. Engulfment of apoptotic cells sensitizes CD1a(-) DCs for high IL-8, TNF-α, IL-6, and CD1a(+) cells for IL-12 and IL-10 cytokine secretion elicited by additional inflammatory stimuli, which also result in the polarization of autologous T lymphocytes to Th1 effector cells. Ligand-induced activation of PPARγ by RSG results in enhanced phagocytosis, but the proinflammatory response and the capacity to trigger Th1 cell activation of CD1a(-) DCs are not enhanced. These results demonstrate that DCs are able to respond to allogeneic, apoptotic neutrophils with inflammatory cytokines and T cell responses in a subtype-specific manner that is modulated by the anti-inflammatory effects of PPARγ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyöngyike Majai
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Debrecen, Hungary
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49
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Bolscher JGM, Brevoord J, Nazmi K, Ju T, Veerman ECI, van Wijk JAE, Cummings RD, van Die I. Solid-phase synthesis of a pentavalent GalNAc-containing glycopeptide (Tn antigen) representing the nephropathy-associated IgA hinge region. Carbohydr Res 2010; 345:1998-2003. [PMID: 20719305 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2010.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2010] [Revised: 07/08/2010] [Accepted: 07/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Incomplete or aberrant glycosylation leading to Tn antigen (GalNAcalpha1-Ser/Thr) expression on human glycoproteins is strongly associated with human pathological conditions, including tumors, certain autoimmune diseases, such as the idiopathic IgA nephropathy, and may modulate immune homeostasis. In addition, the Tn antigen is highly expressed by certain pathogens and plays a role in host-pathogen interactions. To enable experimental approaches to study interactions of the Tn antigen with the immune system and analyze anti-Tn antibody responses in infection or disorders, we generated a Tn-expressing resource that can be used for high-throughput screening. In consideration of IgA nephropathy in which the hinge region is incompletely glycosylated, we used this hinge sequence that encodes five potential glycosylation sites as the ideal template for the synthesis of a Tn antigen-expressing glycopeptide. Inclusion of an N-terminal biotin in the peptide enabled binding to streptavidin-coated ELISA plates as monitored using Helix pomatia agglutinin or anti-Tn monoclonal antibody. We also found that the biotinylated IgA-Tn peptide is a functional acceptor for beta1-3-galactosylation using recombinant T-synthase (beta1-3-galactosyltransferase). Besides its immunochemical functionality as a possible diagnostic tool for IgA nephropathy, the peptide is an excellent substrate for glycan elongation and represents a novel template applicable for glycan-antigen-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan G M Bolscher
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 7, NL-1081 BT, The Netherlands.
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50
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Norton LW, Park J, Babensee JE. Biomaterial adjuvant effect is attenuated by anti-inflammatory drug delivery or material selection. J Control Release 2010; 146:341-8. [PMID: 20595029 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2010.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2009] [Revised: 05/19/2010] [Accepted: 05/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterials have been shown to differentially support dendritic cell (DC) maturation, a prerequisite for an adjuvant effect. Treatment of DCs with poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) films resulted in DC maturation but agarose films did not. In these studies, the biomaterial adjuvant effect was attenuated by material selection (PLGA or agarose scaffolds) or local delivery of an anti-inflammatory/immunosuppressive glucocorticoid, dexamethasone (DX), from PLGA scaffolds. Porous scaffolds (SCs) of PLGA or agarose were produced to deliver equivalent amounts of model antigen, ovalbumin (OVA). Alternatively, PLGA SCs with incorporated OVA were produced with or without DX. These SCs were implanted individually, subcutaneously, and dorsally in C57BL/6 mice. Blood was collected from mice at specific times over a 12-week duration for measurement of antibody production against OVA. Scaffolds were explanted at 12 weeks for histological examination of foreign body response. Scaffolds of PLGA, but not of agarose, were found to elicit higher antibody production against co-delivered OVA, than negative controls. Short-term delivery of DX from PLGA SCs delivering OVA temporarily delayed onset of anti-OVA antibody production. More sustained release of DX at an effective dose and with an appropriate time course is expected to extend the effect of DX on the biomaterial adjuvant effect. The immunomodulatory ability of biomaterials to affect the immune response to co-delivered antigen is demonstrated wherein this immunomodulatory ability correlates with the observed in vitro differential effects of biomaterials on DC maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lori W Norton
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, 313 Ferst Drive Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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