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Saddam, Jamal M, Rahman SU, Khan M, Qadeer A, Mahmoud MH. Genomic diversity and nutritional analysis of multi-drug resistant extended spectrum β-lactamase Producing- Klebsiella pneumoniae genes isolated from mastitic cattle milk in district peshawar, Pakistan. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35876. [PMID: 39170179 PMCID: PMC11337036 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The increasing incidence of resistance extended spectrum-beta lactamase (ESBL) producing Klebsiella pneumonia become worldwide issue. The current study aimed to determine the genomic diversity of ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae in milk samples collected from cows with mastitis as well as their antibiotic sensitivity profiles and genetic identification in Peshawar, Pakistan. The california mastitis test (CMT) was initially used to verify the presence for mastitis in 700 collected milk samples. The molecular identification of the 16SrRNA gene confirmed 120/700 (17.14 %) propagation of K. pneumonia. Out of these isolates MDR ESBL-producing isolates were 60/120 (50 %). The lactose were found (M = 3.96 ± 0.28, SD = 2.19), followed by fats (M = 3.12 ± 0.11, SD = 0.90), protein (M = 5.97 ± 0.24, SD = 1.84), sodium (M = 55.74 ± 2.07, SD = 15.81), potassium (M = 138.5 ± 1.53, SD = 11.71), chloride (M = 0.74 ± 0.03, SD = 0.24), calcium (M = 10.27 ± 0.31, SD = 2.42), and chlorine (M = 2.80 ± 0.22, SD = 1.70), respectively. Amikacin (80 %), ceftazidime (71 %), and tetracycline (71 %) were shown to be the most effective antimicrobials against all of the isolates. The occurrence of the blaSHV gene was observed at 56.00 % whereas the blaTEM gene and blaCTX-M gene were 36.00 %, and 30.00 %. The distribution of blaCTX-M subgroup genes was followed by blaCTX-M-1 (38.00 %), blaCTX-M-9 (22.20 %), and blaCTX-M-15 (61.10 %). Co-occurrence of blaCTX-M+ blaSHV was (15.00 %), blaCTX-M+ blaTEM were (6.60 %), and blaSHV + blaTEM were (10.00 %), respectively. The inappropriate, prolonged and common use of antibiotics may apply selective pressure for propagation and the occurrence of resistant isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saddam
- Department of Microbiology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Marden, Pakistan
| | - Muhsin Jamal
- Department of Microbiology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Marden, Pakistan
| | - Sadeeq Ur Rahman
- College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Muddasir Khan
- Centre of Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Qadeer
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Tongzipo Road, Changsha, China
| | - Mohamed H. Mahmoud
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Su X, Chen W, Fu Y, Wu B, Mao F, Zhao Y, Yang Q, Lan D. Protective Role of MerTK in Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy via Inhibition of the NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2024; 132:396-406. [PMID: 38588709 PMCID: PMC11251753 DOI: 10.1055/a-2301-3970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) impacts patient quality of life. In such patients, increased expression of mer tyrosine kinase (MerTK) has been demonstrated; however, its mechanism of action remains unclear. In this study, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and DPN models were established in Sprague Dawley rats via low-dose streptozotocin and a high-fat diet and the mode of action of MerTK was examined. METHODS MerTK-specific inhibitors were administered by gavage once daily for 2 weeks. Sciatic nerve conduction velocity and nerve structure were measured. The levels of MerTK, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), and relevant biochemical indexes were detected. RESULTS The study revealed upregulation of MerTK expression in T2DM and more so in DPN groups. Inhibiting MerTK led to reduced nerve conduction velocity and further deterioration of sciatic nerve structure, as evidenced by structural morphology. Concurrently, serum levels of total cholesterol, glycated hemoglobin, and triglyceride significantly increased. Moreover, levels of NF-κB increased in both serum and nerve tissue, alongside a significant rise in TNF-α and IL-1β expressions. MerTK could bind to the inhibitor of kappa B kinase beta (Ikbkb) in Schwann cells, establishing Ikbkb as a precursor to NF-κB activation. DISCUSSION Inhibition of MerTK exacerbates neuropathy, indicating its protective role in DPN by suppressing the NF-κB pathway, highlighting a potential new target for its diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Su
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of
Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Wenting Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming
Medical University, Kunming 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Yidan Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming
Medical University, Kunming 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Bian Wu
- Department of General Surgery II, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan
Province, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Innovative Application of Traditional Chinese
Medicine, Kunming 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Fugang Mao
- Department of Ultrasound, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan
Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and
Technology, Kunming 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming
Medical University, Kunming 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Qiuping Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming
Medical University, Kunming 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Danfeng Lan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan
Province, Yunnan Digestive Disease Clinical Medical Center, Kunming 650032,
Yunnan, China
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Gao Y, Wang R, Li L, He Y, Yuan D, Zhang Y, Hu Y, Wang S, Yuan C. Total saponins from Panax japonicus reduce inflammation in adipocytes through the miR155/SOCS1/NFκB signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 115:154827. [PMID: 37087792 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rising incidence of metabolic diseases due to chronic inflammation in the adipose tissue has been attributed to factors such as high fat diet (HFD). Previous studies have demonstrated that the total saponins from Panax japonicus (TSPJ) can reduce HFD-induced adipocyte inflammation, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this work, we explored the molecular mechanism by which TSPJ reduces inflammation response in adipocytes. METHODS We first established C57BL/6 mouse and 3T3-L1 adipocyte models. Lentiviruses packaged with the plasmids were injected into mice through the tail vein or into adipocytes to generate the in vivo and in vitro models with miR155 knockdown and overexpression. The mice were fed with HFD to trigger inflammation and administered TSPJ (25 mg/kg∙d and 75 mg/kg∙d) by gavage. The adipocytes were treated with palmitic acid (PA) to trigger inflammation response, then treated with TSPJ (25 μg/ml and 50 μg/ml). Finally, the expression of miR155, inflammatory factors, SOCS1, and NFκB pathway-related proteins was explored. RESULTS TSPJ significantly inhibited the expression of inflammation-related genes and the miR155 expression in adipocytes both in vitro and in vivo. The dual luciferase reporter gene assay revealed that miR155 mediated the downregulation of SOCS1. TSPJ significantly inhibited and upregulated the phosphorylation of the NFκB protein and the SOCS1 proteins, respectively. CONCLUSION TSPJ inhibits miR155 to upregulate the SOCS1 expression, which subsequently inhibits the NFκB signaling pathway, thereby mitigating the inflammatory response in the adipocytes of HFD mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Gao
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, 443002, China; College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, 443002, China; College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Luoying Li
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, 443002, China; College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Yumin He
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, 443002, China; College of Medicine and Health Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Ding Yuan
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, 443002, China; College of Medicine and Health Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, 443002, China; College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Yaqi Hu
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, 443002, China; College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Shuwen Wang
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, 443002, China; College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Chengfu Yuan
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, 443002, China; College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China.
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Wang L, Ma Y, Shi J, Zhang Y, Tong J, Han Q. Corynebacterium pyruviciproducens-peptidoglycan: A novel bacterial peptidoglycan inhibiting overexpression of MyD88 in macrophages. EUR J INFLAMM 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x221095378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Bacterial peptidoglycan (PGN) is an essential ligand of TLR2 inducing inflammatory damage by boosting MyD88 overexpression in pathogen invasion, such as Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection. CP-PGN is a novel PGN from an adjuvant bacterium, displaying anti-infection immune regulation. This study aimed to clarify the unique moderation of MyD88 expression by CP-PGN. Methods: Compared with other ligands of TLR2, high expression of MyD88 in macrophages was established by MRSA and virus to investigate the immunomodulation of CP-PGN. Results: Compared with PGN derived from MRSA (M-PGN) and chemosynthetic Pam3CSK4 of model agonists of TLR2, CP-PGN could inhibit overexpression of MyD88 in a time- and dose-dependent way in infected macrophages by MRSA or Abelson leukemia virus. CP-PGN also promoted more anti-inflammatory IL-10 and less pro-inflammatory TNF-α in immature primary macrophages. Furthermore, IL-10 secretion induced by CP-PGN was reduced most significantly by blocking the dimer formation of MyD88 with ST2825 and lowering down expression by si-MyD88. Conclusion: CP-PGN could inhibit MyD88 overexpression by infection to moderate inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, CP-PGN is a novel potential ligand of TLR2 to induce inflammatory balance in the process of host defense against invading pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Ma
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinfang Shi
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia Tong
- Department of Immunology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingzhen Han
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Klopfenstein N, Brandt SL, Castellanos S, Gunzer M, Blackman A, Serezani CH. SOCS-1 inhibition of type I interferon restrains Staphylococcus aureus skin host defense. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009387. [PMID: 33690673 PMCID: PMC7984627 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin innate immune response to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) culminates in the formation of an abscess to prevent bacterial spread and tissue damage. Pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs) dictate the balance between microbial control and injury. Therefore, intracellular brakes are of fundamental importance to tune the appropriate host defense while inducing resolution. The intracellular inhibitor suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS-1), a known JAK/STAT inhibitor, prevents the expression and actions of PRR adaptors and downstream effectors. Whether SOCS-1 is a molecular component of skin host defense remains to be determined. We hypothesized that SOCS-1 decreases type I interferon production and IFNAR-mediated antimicrobial effector functions, limiting the inflammatory response during skin infection. Our data show that MRSA skin infection enhances SOCS-1 expression, and both SOCS-1 inhibitor peptide-treated and myeloid-specific SOCS-1 deficient mice display decreased lesion size, bacterial loads, and increased abscess thickness when compared to wild-type mice treated with the scrambled peptide control. SOCS-1 deletion/inhibition increases phagocytosis and bacterial killing, dependent on nitric oxide release. SOCS-1 inhibition also increases the levels of type I and type II interferon levels in vivo. IFNAR deletion and antibody blockage abolished the beneficial effects of SOCS-1 inhibition in vivo. Notably, we unveiled that hyperglycemia triggers aberrant SOCS-1 expression that correlates with decreased overall IFN signatures in the infected skin. SOCS-1 inhibition restores skin host defense in the highly susceptible hyperglycemic mice. Overall, these data demonstrate a role for SOCS-1-mediated type I interferon actions in host defense and inflammation during MRSA skin infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Klopfenstein
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Stephanie L Brandt
- Vanderbilt Institute of Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Sydney Castellanos
- Vanderbilt Institute of Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Matthias Gunzer
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse Essen, Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften-ISAS -e.V, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Amondrea Blackman
- Vanderbilt Institute of Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - C Henrique Serezani
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Vanderbilt Institute of Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
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