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Liu JH, Zhang JJ, Han WJ, Cui C, Li MZ, Tian ZY, Bai RM, Li LM. B cell memory responses induced by foot-and-mouth disease virus-like particles in BALB/c mice. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2022; 250:110458. [PMID: 35841772 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2022.110458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A challenging but critical question is that new foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccines should be to induce B cell memory to provide antibodies for long-term protection. The maintenance of B cell memory is dependent on long-lived plasma cells (LLPCs) and memory B cells. We developed a chimeric FMDV virus-like particles (FMDV-VLPs), fusing VP1-VP4 into HBcAg. In our study, we investigated if or how long B cell memory was induced by FMDV-VLPs in mice. The data showed that FMDV-VLPs can induce memory humoral responses with a high level of total IgG1, IgG2a, IgA, and FMDV-specific IgG antibodies in serum. The persistence of antibody levels in serum could depend on LLPCs. The proportion of LLPCs in CD19+ cells in bone marrow exhibited a dynamic trend with two peaks at 28 days post-immunization (dpi) and 72 dpi, respectively. Additionally, the proportion of memory B cells in CD19+ cells in the spleen increased significantly both at 7 days post primary immunization and at 7 days post -boost immunization. Of note, LLPCs together with memory B cells contribute to the production of FMDV-specific IgG and IgG1. The changes of LLPCs and memory B cells may be related to TNF-α, IL-6 and, CXCL12. Taken together, FMDV-VLPs could induce B cells memory responses. A further understanding of the mechanisms that FMDV-VLPs how we can manipulate the induction and maintenance of memory B cells and LLPCs will promote vaccine design and likely address several challenges to develop FMDV new vaccines in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Huan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Jun-Juan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Wei-Jian Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Chuan Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Ming-Zhu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Zhan-Yun Tian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Ruo-Man Bai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
| | - Li-Min Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China; Veterinary Biological Technology Innovation Centre of Hebei Province, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China.
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