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Wilczyński M, Wilczyński J, Nowak M. MiRNAs as Regulators of Immune Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment of Ovarian Cancer. Cells 2024; 13:1343. [PMID: 39195233 DOI: 10.3390/cells13161343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths among women. There is an ongoing need to develop new biomarkers and targeted therapies to improve patient outcomes. One of the most critical research areas in ovarian cancer is identifying tumor microenvironment (TME) functions. TME consists of tumor-infiltrating immune cells, matrix, endothelial cells, pericytes, fibroblasts, and other stromal cells. Tumor invasion and growth depend on the multifactorial crosstalk between tumor cells and immune cells belonging to the TME. MiRNAs, which belong to non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally control the expression of target genes, regulate immune responses within the TME, shaping the landscape of the intrinsic environment of tumor cells. Aberrant expression of miRNAs may lead to the pathological dysfunction of signaling pathways or cancer cell-regulatory factors. Cell-to-cell communication between infiltrating immune cells and the tumor may depend on exosomes containing multiple miRNAs. MiRNAs may exert both immunosuppressive and immunoreactive responses, which may cause cancer cell elimination or survival. In this review, we highlighted recent advances in the field of miRNAs shaping the landscape of immune cells in the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miłosz Wilczyński
- Department of Operative Gynecology, Endoscopy and Gynecologic Oncology, Polish Mother's Health Center-Research Institute, 281/289 Rzgowska Str., 93-338 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jacek Wilczyński
- Department of Gynecological Surgery and Gynecological Oncology, Medical University of Lodz, 4 Kosciuszki Str., 90-419 Lodz, Poland
| | - Marek Nowak
- Department of Operative Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Polish Mother's Health Center-Research Institute, 281/289 Rzgowska Str., 93-338 Lodz, Poland
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2
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The effect of eight weeks of moderate and high intensity aerobic training on the gene expression of Mir-145, Wnt3a and Dab2 in the heart tissue of type 2 diabetic rats. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2021; 20:1597-1604. [PMID: 34900811 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-021-00909-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Pathological hypertrophy of heart tissue has been attributed to changes in some microRNAs and their target genes in heart tissue. This study intended to study the effects of eight weeks of moderate and high intensity aerobic training (MIT&HIT) on the mRNA of Mir-145, Wnt3a, and Dab2 in heart tissue of type 2 diabetic rats. Methods To implement this experimental research, 60 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, including Healthy-control (HC), Diabetic-control (DC), Moderate intensity training (MIT), Diabetes-MIT (DMIT), high intensity training (HIT) and Diabetes-HIT (DHIT). The aerobic training was conducted with moderate (50-60% VO2max) and high (85-90% VO2max) intensity, 5 days a week, for 8 weeks. The Mir-145, Wnt3a and Dab2 gene expression in the heart tissue samples was measured by Real Time PCR. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test at the P < 0.05. Results Moderate and high intensity aerobic training was associated with non-significant increase in Mir-145 mRNA of Heart tissue in type 2 diabetic rats than the diabetic control group(P < 0.05). Moderate and high intensity aerobic training was associated with significant increase in Wnt3a mRNA (P = 0.001) and significant decrease in Dab-2 mRNA (P = 0.001) of Heart tissue in type 2 diabetic rats than the diabetic control group. The Dab-2 mRNA was significantly lower of heart tissue in the diabetes- high intensity training group than the diabetes- moderate intensity training group (P = 0.001). Conclusion It seems that moderate and high intensity aerobic exercise can help regulate the genes of the physiological hypertrophy pathway of the heart tissue in diabetes.
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Abakushina EV, Popova LI, Zamyatnin AA, Werner J, Mikhailovsky NV, Bazhin AV. The Advantages and Challenges of Anticancer Dendritic Cell Vaccines and NK Cells in Adoptive Cell Immunotherapy. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:1363. [PMID: 34835294 PMCID: PMC8625865 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9111363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, an impressive advance was achieved in adoptive cell therapy (ACT), which has improved therapeutic potential and significant value in promising cancer treatment for patients. The ACT is based on the cell transfer of dendritic cells (DCs) and/or immune effector cells. DCs are often used as vaccine carriers or antigen-presenting cells (APCs) to prime naive T cells ex vivo or in vivo. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer (NK) cells are used as major tool effector cells for ACT. Despite the fact that NK cell immunotherapy is highly effective and promising against many cancer types, there are still some limitations, including insignificant infiltration, adverse conditions of the microenvironment, the immunosuppressive cellular populations, and the low cytotoxic activity in solid tumors. To overcome these difficulties, novel methods of NK cell isolation, expansion, and stimulation of cytotoxic activity should be designed. In this review, we discuss the basic characteristics of DC vaccines and NK cells as potential adoptive cell preparations in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena V. Abakushina
- Department for Development and Research in Immunology, LLC “Tecon Medical Devices”, 123298 Moscow, Russia; (L.I.P.); (N.V.M.)
| | - Liubov I. Popova
- Department for Development and Research in Immunology, LLC “Tecon Medical Devices”, 123298 Moscow, Russia; (L.I.P.); (N.V.M.)
| | - Andrey A. Zamyatnin
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia;
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Biotechnology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 1 Olympic Ave, 354340 Sochi, Russia
| | - Jens Werner
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (J.W.); (A.V.B.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nikolay V. Mikhailovsky
- Department for Development and Research in Immunology, LLC “Tecon Medical Devices”, 123298 Moscow, Russia; (L.I.P.); (N.V.M.)
| | - Alexandr V. Bazhin
- Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany; (J.W.); (A.V.B.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
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4
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The Role of microRNAs in NK Cell Development and Function. Cells 2021; 10:cells10082020. [PMID: 34440789 PMCID: PMC8391642 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical use of natural killer (NK) cells is at the forefront of cellular therapy. NK cells possess exceptional antitumor cytotoxic potentials and can generate significant levels of proinflammatory cytokines. Multiple genetic manipulations are being tested to augment the anti-tumor functions of NK cells. One such method involves identifying and altering microRNAs (miRNAs) that play essential roles in the development and effector functions of NK cells. Unique miRNAs can bind and inactivate mRNAs that code for cytotoxic proteins. MicroRNAs, such as the members of the Mirc11 cistron, downmodulate ubiquitin ligases that are central to the activation of the obligatory transcription factors responsible for the production of inflammatory cytokines. These studies reveal potential opportunities to post-translationally enhance the effector functions of human NK cells while reducing unwanted outcomes. Here, we summarize the recent advances made on miRNAs in murine and human NK cells and their relevance to NK cell development and functions.
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Patil N, Allgayer H, Leupold JH. MicroRNAs in the Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1277:1-31. [PMID: 33119862 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-50224-9_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is decisive for the eradication or survival of any tumor mass. Moreover, it plays a pivotal role for metastasis and for providing the metastatic niche. The TME offers special physiological conditions and is composed of, for example, surrounding blood vessels, the extracellular matrix (ECM), diverse signaling molecules, exosomes and several cell types including, but not being limited to, infiltrated immune cells, cancer-associated endothelial cells (CAEs), and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). These cells can additionally and significantly contribute to tumor and metastasis progression, especially also by acting via their own deregulated micro (mi) RNA expression or activity. Thus, miRNAs are essential players in the crosstalk between cancer cells and the TME. MiRNAs are small non-coding (nc) RNAs that typically inhibit translation and stability of messenger (m) RNAs, thus being able to regulate several cell functions including proliferation, migration, differentiation, survival, invasion, and several steps of the metastatic cascade. The dynamic interplay between miRNAs in different cell types or organelles such as exosomes, ECM macromolecules, and the TME plays critical roles in many aspects of cancer development. This chapter aims to give an overview on the multiple contributions of miRNAs as players within the TME, to summarize the role of miRNAs in the crosstalk between different cell populations found within the TME, and to illustrate how they act on tumorigenesis and the behavior of cells in the TME context. Lastly, the potential clinical utility of miRNAs for cancer therapy is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Patil
- Department of Experimental Surgery - Cancer Metastasis, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karls University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karls University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Heike Allgayer
- Department of Experimental Surgery - Cancer Metastasis, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karls University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karls University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jörg H Leupold
- Department of Experimental Surgery - Cancer Metastasis, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karls University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
- Centre for Biomedicine and Medical Technology Mannheim (CBTM), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruprecht Karls University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
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Deng R, Guo Y, Li L, He J, Qiang Z, Zhang H, Chen R, Wang Y, Zhao X, Yu J. BAP1 suppresses prostate cancer progression by deubiquitinating and stabilizing PTEN. Mol Oncol 2021; 15:279-298. [PMID: 33155366 PMCID: PMC7782096 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Deubiquitinase BAP1 is an important tumor suppressor in several malignancies, but its functions and critical substrates in prostate cancer (PCa) remain unclear. Here, we report that the mRNA and protein expression levels of BAP1 are downregulated in clinical PCa specimens. BAP1 can physically bind to and deubiquitinate PTEN, which inhibits the ubiquitination-mediated degradation of PTEN and thus stabilizes PTEN protein. Ectopically expressed BAP1 in PCa cells increases PTEN protein level and subsequently inhibits the AKT signaling pathway, thus suppressing PCa progression. Conversely, knockdown of BAP1 in PCa cells leads to the decrease in PTEN protein level and the activation of the Akt signaling pathway, therefore promoting malignant transformation and cancer metastasis. However, these can be reversed by the re-expression of PTEN. More importantly, we found that BAP1 protein level positively correlates with PTEN in a substantial fraction of human cancers. These findings demonstrate that BAP1 is an important deubiquitinase of PTEN for its stability and the BAP1-PTEN signaling axis plays a crucial role in tumor suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Deng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell BiologyState Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and InflammationShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yanmin Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell BiologyState Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and InflammationShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Lian Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell BiologyState Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and InflammationShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Jianfeng He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell BiologyState Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and InflammationShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Zhe Qiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell BiologyState Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and InflammationShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Hailong Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell BiologyState Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and InflammationShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Ran Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell BiologyState Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and InflammationShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yanli Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell BiologyState Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and InflammationShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xian Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell BiologyState Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and InflammationShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Basic Clinical Research CenterRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jianxiu Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell BiologyState Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesShanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and InflammationShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Basic Clinical Research CenterRenji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
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Acharya UH, Walter RB. Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-Modified Immune Effector Cell Therapy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML). Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3617. [PMID: 33287224 PMCID: PMC7761730 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the availability of an increasing number of targeted therapeutics and wider use of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, many patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) ultimately succumb to this disease. Given their remarkable efficacy in B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia and other CD19-expressing B cell malignancies, there is hope adoptive cellular transfer, particularly chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified immune effector cell (IEC) therapies, may afford a novel, potent immune-based approach for the treatment of AML that complements or replaces existing ones and improves cure rates. However, it is unclear how best to translate the success of these therapies from B cell malignancies, where use of highly potent immunotherapies is facilitated by identified target antigens with near ubiquitous expression on malignant cells and non-fatal consequences from "on-target, off-tumor cell" toxicities. Herein, we review the current status of CAR-modified IEC therapies for AML, with considerations regarding suitable, relatively leukemia-restricted target antigens, expected toxicities, and interactions of the engineered cells with a profoundly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment that restricts their therapeutic efficacy. With these challenges in mind, we will discuss possible strategies to improve the cells' potency as well as their therapeutic window for optimal clinical use in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utkarsh H. Acharya
- Divisions of Hematologic Malignancies & Immune Effector Cell Therapy, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Roland B. Walter
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA;
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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8
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Cantoni C, Wurzer H, Thomas C, Vitale M. Escape of tumor cells from the NK cell cytotoxic activity. J Leukoc Biol 2020; 108:1339-1360. [PMID: 32930468 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.2mr0820-652r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, NK cells, initially identified as potent cytotoxic effector cells, have revealed an unexpected complexity, both at phenotypic and functional levels. The discovery of different NK cell subsets, characterized by distinct gene expression and phenotypes, was combined with the characterization of the diverse functions NK cells can exert, not only as circulating cells, but also as cells localized or recruited in lymphoid organs and in multiple tissues. Besides the elimination of tumor and virus-infected cells, these functions include the production of cytokines and chemokines, the regulation of innate and adaptive immune cells, the influence on tissue homeostasis. In addition, NK cells display a remarkable functional plasticity, being able to adapt to the environment and to develop a kind of memory. Nevertheless, the powerful cytotoxic activity of NK cells remains one of their most relevant properties, particularly in the antitumor response. In this review, the process of tumor cell recognition and killing mediated by NK cells, starting from the generation of cytolytic granules and recognition of target cell, to the establishment of the NK cell immunological synapse, the release of cytotoxic molecules, and consequent tumor cell death is described. Next, the review focuses on the heterogeneous mechanisms, either intrinsic to tumors or induced by the tumor microenvironment, by which cancer cells can escape the NK cell-mediated attack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Cantoni
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Integrated Department of Services and Laboratories, IRCCS Istituto G. Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Hannah Wurzer
- Cytoskeleton and Cancer Progression, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, Luxembourg.,Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Clément Thomas
- Cytoskeleton and Cancer Progression, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Massimo Vitale
- UO Immunologia, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genova, Genoa, Italy
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Bahia W, Soltani I, Abidi A, Haddad A, Ferchichi S, Menif S, Almawi WY. Identification of genes and miRNA associated with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss: an exploratory data mining study. BMC Med Genomics 2020; 13:75. [PMID: 32487076 PMCID: PMC7268288 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-020-00730-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a significant adverse pregnancy complication, with an incompletely understood pathology. While many entities were proposed to elucidate the pathogenic basis of RPL, only few were significant enough to warrant investigation in all affected couples.. The aim of this study was to provide novel insights into the biological characteristics and related pathways of differentially expressed miRNA (DEMs) and genes (DEGs), in RPL, and construct a molecular miRNAs-mRNAs network. METHODS miRNAs and gene expression data were collected, and a number of DEMs and (DEGs) were obtained, and regulatory co-expression network were constructed. Function and enrichment analyses of DEMs were conducted using DIANA-miRPath. DEGs were screened, and were used in generation of protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, using STRING online database. Modularity analysis, and pathway identification operations were used in identifying graph clusters and associated pathways. DEGs were also used for further gene ontology (GO) analysis, followed by analysis of KEGG pathway. RESULTS A total of 34 DEMs were identified, and were found to be highly enriched in TGF-β signaling pathway, Fatty acid metabolism and TNF signaling pathway. Hub miRNAs were selected and were found to be involved in several functional pathways including progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation and Thyroid hormone signaling pathway. Five dysregulated feedback loops involving miRNA and TFs were identified and characterized. Most notably, PPI network analysis identified hub-bottleneck protein panel. These appear to offer potential candidate biomarker pattern for RPL diagnosis and treatment. CONCLUSIONS The present study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying RPL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael Bahia
- Research Unit of Clinical and Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Faculty of Science of Bizerte, University of Carthage, Bizerte, Tunisia
| | - Ismael Soltani
- Molecular and Cellular Hematology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Anouar Abidi
- Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, la Rabta, 1007, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Anis Haddad
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Salima Ferchichi
- Research Unit of Clinical and Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Samia Menif
- Molecular and Cellular Hematology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Wassim Y Almawi
- Faculty of Sciences, El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia.
- College of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
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Wang J, Zhu M, Zhou X, Wang T, Xi Y, Jing Z, Xi W. MiR-140-3p inhibits natural killer cytotoxicity to human ovarian cancer via targeting MAPK1. J Biosci 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-020-00036-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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11
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Epperly R, Gottschalk S, Velasquez MP. A Bump in the Road: How the Hostile AML Microenvironment Affects CAR T Cell Therapy. Front Oncol 2020; 10:262. [PMID: 32185132 PMCID: PMC7058784 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells targeting CD19 have been successful treating patients with relapsed/refractory B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and B cell lymphomas. However, relapse after CAR T cell therapy is still a challenge. In addition, preclinical and early clinical studies targeting acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have not been as successful. This can be attributed in part to the presence of an AML microenvironment that has a dampening effect on the antitumor activity of CAR T cells. The AML microenvironment includes cellular interactions, soluble environmental factors, and structural components. Suppressive immune cells including myeloid derived suppressor cells and regulatory T cells are known to inhibit T cell function. Environmental factors contributing to T cell exhaustion, including immune checkpoints, anti-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and metabolic alterations, impact T cell activity, persistence, and localization. Lastly, structural factors of the bone marrow niche, secondary lymphoid organs, and extramedullary sites provide opportunities for CAR T cell evasion by AML blasts, contributing to treatment resistance and relapse. In this review we discuss the effect of the AML microenvironment on CAR T cell function. We highlight opportunities to enhance CAR T cell efficacy for AML through manipulating, targeting, and evading the anti-inflammatory leukemic microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Epperly
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Stephen Gottschalk
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - M. Paulina Velasquez
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
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12
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Pesce S, Greppi M, Ferretti E, Obino V, Carlomagno S, Rutigliani M, Thoren FB, Sivori S, Castagnola P, Candiani S, Marcenaro E. miRNAs in NK Cell-Based Immune Responses and Cancer Immunotherapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:119. [PMID: 32161759 PMCID: PMC7053181 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of certain forms of tumors has increased progressively in recent years and is expected to continue growing as life expectancy continues to increase. Tumor-infiltrating NK cells may contribute to develop an anti-tumor response. Optimized combinations of different cancer therapies, including NK cell-based approaches for targeting tumor cells, have the potential to open new avenues in cancer immunotherapy. Functional inhibitory receptors on NK cells are needed to prevent their attack on healthy cells. Nevertheless, disruption of inhibitory receptors function on NK cells increases the cytotoxic capacity of NK cells against cancer cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that target mRNA and thus regulate the expression of genes involved in the development, maturation, and effector functions of NK cells. Therapeutic strategies that target the regulatory effects of miRNAs have the potential to improve the efficiency of cancer immunotherapy. Interestingly, emerging evidence points out that some miRNAs can, directly and indirectly, control the surface expression of immune checkpoints on NK cells or that of their ligands on tumor cells. This suggests a possible use of miRNAs in the context of anti-tumor therapy. This review provides the current overview of the connections between miRNAs and regulation of NK cell functions and discusses the potential of these miRNAs as innovative biomarkers/targets for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Pesce
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marco Greppi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Elisa Ferretti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Valentina Obino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simona Carlomagno
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mariangela Rutigliani
- Histological and Anatomical Pathology Unit, Department of Laboratory and Service, E.O. Galliera Hospital, Genova, Italy
| | - Fredrik B Thoren
- Tumor Immunology Laboratory (TIMM) Laboratory at Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Simona Sivori
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Simona Candiani
- Department of Earth Science, Environment and Life (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Emanuela Marcenaro
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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Liu T, Zhang H, Fang J, Yang Z, Chen R, Wang Y, Zhao X, Ge S, Yu J, Huang J. AGO2 phosphorylation by c-Src kinase promotes tumorigenesis. Neoplasia 2020; 22:129-141. [PMID: 31981897 PMCID: PMC6992904 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2019.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have reported that c-Src is highly expressed with high tyrosine kinase activity in a variety of tumors. However, it remains unclear whether c-Src contributes to the miRNA pathway. Here, we report that c-Src can interact with and phosphorylate AGO2, a core component of RISC complex, at tyr 393, tyr 529 and tyr749. Mechanistically, it is confirmed that c-Src phosphorylation of AGO2 at tyr393 reduces its binding to DICER, thereby suppressing the maturation of long-loop pre-miR-192. However, the other two phosphorylation sites don’t work on this function. Significantly, Ectopic expression of wild-type AGO2, but not the three tyrosine site mutants, has an obvious tumor-promoting effect in vitro and in vivo, which function could be blocked thoroughly by treatment with c-Src kinase inhibitor, Saracatinib. Our findings identify AGO2 as c-Src target and c-Src phosphorylation of AGO2 may therefore play a potential role during tumor progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hailong Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jiayu Fang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ran Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yanli Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xian Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Shengfang Ge
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jianxiu Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai 200025, China.
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14
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Saultz JN, Freud AG, Mundy-Bosse BL. MicroRNA regulation of natural killer cell development and function in leukemia. Mol Immunol 2019; 115:12-20. [PMID: 30100210 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are now recognized as important regulators of all cellular processes, including immune function and cancer survival. These evolutionary preserved, single-stranded, non-coding RNA molecules mediate important functional effects primarily through post-transcriptional regulation of protein expression. MiRNAs are known to mediate multiple oncogenic pathways in tumor cells, both tumor promoting and tumor suppressing. In addition to a direct tumor cell effect, miRNAs have also been shown to play a critical role in immune cell development, function and survival. Here we expand on previous reports to evaluate miRNA regulation in natural killer (NK) cells primarily in humans and focus on their influence on NK cell development and function in the setting of hematologic malignancies. In addition, we highlight the most recent miRNA discoveries in hematologic malignancies and discuss areas of future exploration relevant to the translational field of innate immunology and miRNA-based therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer N Saultz
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Aharon G Freud
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States; Comprehensive Cancer Center and The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States
| | - Bethany L Mundy-Bosse
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States; Comprehensive Cancer Center and The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States.
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15
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Xu SJ, Hu HT, Li HL, Chang S. The Role of miRNAs in Immune Cell Development, Immune Cell Activation, and Tumor Immunity: With a Focus on Macrophages and Natural Killer Cells. Cells 2019; 8:cells8101140. [PMID: 31554344 PMCID: PMC6829453 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is the primary arena where tumor cells and the host immune system interact. Bidirectional communication between tumor cells and the associated stromal cell types within the TME influences disease initiation and progression, as well as tumor immunity. Macrophages and natural killer (NK) cells are crucial components of the stromal compartment and display either pro- or anti-tumor properties, depending on the expression of key regulators. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as such regulators. They affect several immune cell functions closely related to tumor evasion of the immune system. This review discusses the role of miRNAs in the differentiation, maturation, and activation of immune cells as well as tumor immunity, focusing particularly on macrophages and NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Jun Xu
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China.
| | - Hong Tao Hu
- Department of Minimal Invasive Intervention, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China.
| | - Hai Liang Li
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China.
- Department of Minimal Invasive Intervention, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450008, China.
| | - Suhwan Chang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea.
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16
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Nanbakhsh A, Srinivasamani A, Holzhauer S, Riese MJ, Zheng Y, Wang D, Burns R, Reimer MH, Rao S, Lemke A, Tsaih SW, Flister MJ, Lao S, Dahl R, Thakar MS, Malarkannan S. Mirc11 Disrupts Inflammatory but Not Cytotoxic Responses of NK Cells. Cancer Immunol Res 2019; 7:1647-1662. [PMID: 31515257 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-18-0934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells generate proinflammatory cytokines that are required to contain infections and tumor growth. However, the posttranscriptional mechanisms that regulate NK cell functions are not fully understood. Here, we define the role of the microRNA cluster known as Mirc11 (which includes miRNA-23a, miRNA-24a, and miRNA-27a) in NK cell-mediated proinflammatory responses. Absence of Mirc11 did not alter the development or the antitumor cytotoxicity of NK cells. However, loss of Mirc11 reduced generation of proinflammatory factors in vitro and interferon-γ-dependent clearance of Listeria monocytogenes or B16F10 melanoma in vivo by NK cells. These functional changes resulted from Mirc11 silencing ubiquitin modifiers A20, Cbl-b, and Itch, allowing TRAF6-dependent activation of NF-κB and AP-1. Lack of Mirc11 caused increased translation of A20, Cbl-b, and Itch proteins, resulting in deubiquitylation of scaffolding K63 and addition of degradative K48 moieties on TRAF6. Collectively, our results describe a function of Mirc11 that regulates generation of proinflammatory cytokines from effector lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arash Nanbakhsh
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Immunotherapy, Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Anupallavi Srinivasamani
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Immunotherapy, Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Sandra Holzhauer
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signaling, Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Matthew J Riese
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signaling, Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Yongwei Zheng
- Laboratory of B Cell Biology, Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Demin Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Laboratory of B Cell Biology, Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Robert Burns
- Bioinformatics Core, Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Michael H Reimer
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Department of Cell Biology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Sridhar Rao
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Department of Cell Biology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Angela Lemke
- Genome Sciences and Precision Medicine Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Shirng-Wern Tsaih
- Genome Sciences and Precision Medicine Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Michael J Flister
- Genome Sciences and Precision Medicine Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Shunhua Lao
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Immunotherapy, Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Richard Dahl
- Indiana University School of Medicine, South Bend, Indiana
| | - Monica S Thakar
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Immunotherapy, Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Subramaniam Malarkannan
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Immunotherapy, Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. .,Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Genome Sciences and Precision Medicine Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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17
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Zare N, Haghjooy Javanmard SH, Mehrzad V, Eskandari N, Andalib AR. Effect of Plasma-Derived Exosomes of Refractory/Relapsed or Responsive Patients with Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma on Natural Killer Cells Functions. CELL JOURNAL 2019; 22:40-54. [PMID: 31606965 PMCID: PMC6791076 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2020.6550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate effect of plasma-derived exosomes of refractory/relapsed or
responsive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients on natural killer (NK) cell functions.
Materials and Methods In this cross-sectional and experimental study, NK cells were purified from responsive patients
(n=10) or refractory/relapsed patients (n=12) and healthy donors (n=12). NK cells were treated with plasma-derived
exosomes of responsive or refractory/relapsed patients. We examined the expression levels of hsa-miR-155-5p, hsa-
let-7g-5p, INPP5D (SHIP-1) and SOCS-1 in NK cells quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction
(qRT-PCR). Percentages of NK cells expressing CD69, NKG2D and CD16, NK cell cytotoxicity and NK cell proliferation
(using flow-cytometry) as well as interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) level in the supernatant of NK cells using ELISA were also
investigated.
Results We observed an increased level of hsa-miR-155-5p and a decreased level of SOCS-1 in NK cells
treated with exosomes compared to untreated NK cell in healthy donors and DLBCL patients. An increase in
hsa-miR-155-5p level was associated with an increased level of IFN-γ in healthy donors. The decreased levels
of hsa-let-7g-5p were observed in NK cells treated with exosomes in comparison with untreated NK cells in
DLBCL patients (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the percentage of CD69+NK cells and NKG2D+
NK cells in the absence or presence of exosomes of DLBCL patients in each group. Furthermore, we observed
significant reduction of NK cell proliferation in DLBCL patients and healthy donors in the presence of exosomes
of refractory/relapsed patients (P<0.05). A significant decrease was observed in cytotoxicity of NK cell in patients
with DLBCL treated with exosomes of responsive patients.
Conclusion Our findings demonstrated adverse effect of plasma-derived exosomes of DLBCL patients on some functions
of NK cell. It was also determined that low NK cell count might be associated with impaired response to R-CHOP and an
increased recurrence risk of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Zare
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - S Haghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and Applied Physiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Valiollah Mehrzad
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nahid Eskandari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.Electronic Address:
| | - Ali Reza Andalib
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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18
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Carlino C, Rippo MR, Lazzarini R, Monsurrò V, Morrone S, Angelini S, Trotta E, Stabile H, Bastianelli C, Albertini MC, Olivieri F, Procopio A, Santoni A, Gismondi A. Differential microRNA expression between decidual and peripheral blood natural killer cells in early pregnancy. Hum Reprod 2019; 33:2184-2195. [PMID: 30388265 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dey323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Have decidual natural killer (dNK) cells a different microRNA (miRNA or miR) expression pattern compared to NK cells circulating in the peripheral blood (pb) of healthy pregnant women in the first trimester of gestation? SUMMARY ANSWER dNK cells have a unique miRNA profile, showing exclusive expression of a set of miRNAs and significant up- or down-regulation of most of the miRNAs shared with pbNK cells. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY dNK cells differ from pbNK cells both phenotypically and functionally, and their origin is still debated. Many studies have indicated that miRNAs regulate several important aspects of NK cell biology, such as development, activation and effector functions. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION Decidua basalis and peripheral blood specimens were collected from women (n = 7) undergoing voluntary termination of gestation in the first trimester of pregnancy. dNK and pbNK cells were then highly purified by cell sorting. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS miRNAs expression was analysed by quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR)-based arrays using RNA purified from freshly isolated and highly purified pbNK and dNK cells. Results from arrays were validated by qRT-PCR assays. The bioinformatics tool ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) was applied to determine the cellular network targeted by validated miRNAs and the correlated biological functions. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Herein, we identified the most differentially expressed miRNAs in NK cells isolated from peripheral blood and uterine decidua of pregnant women. We found that 36 miRNAs were expressed only in dNK cells and two miRNAs only in pbNK cells. Moreover, 48 miRNAs were commonly expressed by both NK cell preparations although at different levels: 28 were upregulated in dNK cells, while 15 were downregulated compared to pbNK cells. Validation of a selected set (n = 11) of these miRNAs confirmed the differential expression of nine miRNAs: miR-10b and miR-214 expressed only in dNK cells and miR-200a-3p expressed only in pbNK cells; miR-130b-3p, miR-125a-5p, miR-212-3p and miR-454 were upregulated while miR-210-3p and miR-132 were downregulated in dNK cells compared to pbNK cells. IPA network analysis identified a single network connecting all the miRNAs as well as their significant involvement in several classes of functions: 'Organismal injury, Reproductive system disease, Inflammatory disease' and 'Cellular development'. These miRNAs target molecules such as argonaute 2, tumour protein p53, insulin and other genes that belong to the same network and significantly influence cell differentiation and pregnancy. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION In the present study, the cellular network and biological functions modulated by miRNAs differentially expressed in dNK and pbNK cells were identified by IPA considering only molecules and relationships that were with confidence 'experimentally observed' in leucocytes. The decidual and pbNK cells that were analysed here are a heterogeneous population and further study will help to disentangle whether there are differences in miRNA production by the different subsets of NK cells. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS This is the first study describing a different miRNA expression profile in dNK cells compared to matched pbNK cells during the first trimester of pregnancy. Our findings improved the body of knowledge on dNK cell biology and strongly suggest further investigation into the roles of miRNAs that are differentially expressed in human dNK compared to pbNK cells. Our results suggest that specific miRNAs can modulate dNK cell origin and functions, highlighting a potential role of this miRNA signature in human development and diseases. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work was supported by grants from the Istituto Pasteur, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, the European NoE EMBIC within FP6 (Contract number LSHN-CT-2004-512040), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, and Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca (Ricerche Universitarie), and from Università Politecnica delle Marche. There are no conflicts of interest to declare.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Carlino
- Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
| | - M R Rippo
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences (DISCLIMO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - R Lazzarini
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences (DISCLIMO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - V Monsurrò
- Dipartimento di Medicina, Università Degli Studi di Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - S Morrone
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - S Angelini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - E Trotta
- UCSF Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - H Stabile
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - C Bastianelli
- Department of Gynecology-Obstetrics and Urology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - M C Albertini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino 'Carlo Bo', Urbino, Italy
| | - F Olivieri
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences (DISCLIMO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.,Center of Clinical Pathology and innovative therapy, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - A Procopio
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences (DISCLIMO), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.,Center of Clinical Pathology and innovative therapy, IRCCS INRCA, Ancona, Italy
| | - A Santoni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Laboratory Affiliated to Institute Pasteur-Italia, Rome, Italy
| | - A Gismondi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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19
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Natural Killer Cells as Key Players of Tumor Progression and Angiogenesis: Old and Novel Tools to Divert Their Pro-Tumor Activities into Potent Anti-Tumor Effects. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11040461. [PMID: 30939820 PMCID: PMC6521276 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11040461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune cells, as a consequence of their plasticity, can acquire altered phenotype/functions within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Some of these aberrant functions include attenuation of targeting and killing of tumor cells, tolerogenic/immunosuppressive behavior and acquisition of pro-angiogenic activities. Natural killer (NK) cells are effector lymphocytes involved in tumor immunosurveillance. In solid malignancies, tumor-associated NK cells (TANK cells) in peripheral blood and tumor-infiltrating NK (TINK) cells show altered phenotypes and are characterized by either anergy or reduced cytotoxicity. Here, we aim at discussing how NK cells can support tumor progression and how induction of angiogenesis, due to TME stimuli, can be a relevant part on the NK cell-associated tumor supporting activities. We will review and discuss the contribution of the TME in shaping NK cell response favoring cancer progression. We will focus on TME-derived set of factors such as TGF-β, soluble HLA-G, prostaglandin E2, adenosine, extracellular vesicles, and miRNAs, which can exhibit a dual function. On one hand, these factors can suppress NK cell-mediated activities but, on the other hand, they can induce a pro-angiogenic polarization in NK cells. Also, we will analyze the impact on cancer progression of the interaction of NK cells with several TME-associated cells, including macrophages, neutrophils, mast cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and endothelial cells. Then, we will discuss the most relevant therapeutic approaches aimed at potentiating/restoring NK cell activities against tumors. Finally, supported by the literature revision and our new findings on NK cell pro-angiogenic activities, we uphold NK cells to a key host cellular paradigm in controlling tumor progression and angiogenesis; thus, we should bear in mind NK cells like a TME-associated target for anti-tumor therapeutic approaches.
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20
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Pesce S, Squillario M, Greppi M, Loiacono F, Moretta L, Moretta A, Sivori S, Castagnola P, Barla A, Candiani S, Marcenaro E. New miRNA Signature Heralds Human NK Cell Subsets at Different Maturation Steps: Involvement of miR-146a-5p in the Regulation of KIR Expression. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2360. [PMID: 30374356 PMCID: PMC6196268 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer cells are cytotoxic innate lymphoid cells that play an important role for early host defenses against infectious pathogens and surveillance against tumor. In humans, NK cells may be divided in various subsets on the basis of the relative CD56 expression and of the low-affinity FcγRIIIA CD16. In particular, the two main NK cell subsets are represented by the CD56bright/CD16−/dim and the CD56dim/CD16bright NK cells. Experimental evidences indicate that CD56bright and CD56dim NK cells represent different maturative stages of the NK cell developmental pathway. We identified multiple miRNAs differentially expressed in CD56bright/CD16− and CD56dim/CD16bright NK cells using both univariate and multivariate analyses. Among these, we found a few miRNAs with a consistent differential expression in the two NK cell subsets, and with an intermediate expression in the CD56bright/CD16dim NK cell subset, representing a transitional step of maturation of NK cells. These analyses allowed us to establish the existence of a miRNA signature able to efficiently discriminate the two main NK cell subsets regardless of their surface phenotype. In addition, by analyzing the putative targets of representative miRNAs we show that hsa-miR-146a-5p, may be involved in the regulation of killer Ig-like receptor (KIR) expression. These results contribute to a better understanding of the physiologic significance of miRNAs in the regulation of the development/function of human NK cells. Moreover, our results suggest that hsa-miR-146a-5p targeting, resulting in KIR down-regulation, may be exploited to generate/increment the effect of NK KIR-mismatching against HLA-class I+ tumor cells and thus improve the NK-mediated anti-tumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Pesce
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Margherita Squillario
- Department of Informatic Bioengeneering, Robotic and System Engeneering, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marco Greppi
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Loiacono
- Immunology Operative Unit, IRCCS San Martino Polyclinical Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Moretta
- Department of Immunology, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Moretta
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simona Sivori
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Patrizio Castagnola
- Department of Integrated Oncological Therapies, IRCCS San Martino Polyclinical Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Annalisa Barla
- Department of Informatic Bioengeneering, Robotic and System Engeneering, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simona Candiani
- Department of Earth Science, Environment and Life (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Emanuela Marcenaro
- Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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21
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Acetylation of AGO2 promotes cancer progression by increasing oncogenic miR-19b biogenesis. Oncogene 2018; 38:1410-1431. [PMID: 30305728 PMCID: PMC6372475 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0530-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Argonaute2 (AGO2) is an effector of small RNA mediated gene silencing. Increasing evidence show that post-translational modifications of AGO2 can change miRNA activity at specific or global levels. Among the six mature miRNAs that are encoded by miR-17-92, miR-19b1 is the most powerful to exert the oncogenic properties of the entire cluster. Here we identify that AGO2 can be acetylated by P300/CBP and deacetylated by HDAC7, and that acetylation occurs at three sites K720, K493, and K355. Mutation of K493R/K720R, but not K355R at AGO2, inhibits miR-19b biogenesis. We demonstrate that acetylation of AGO2 specifically increases its recruiting pre-miR-19b1 to form the miPDC (miRNA precursor deposit complex), thereby to enhance miR-19b maturation. The motif UGUGUG in the terminal-loop of pre-miR-19b1, as a specific processing feature that is recognized and bound by acetylated AGO2, is essential for the assembly of miRISC (miRNA-induced silencing complex) loading complex. Analyses on public clinical data, xenograft mouse models, and IHC and ISH staining of lung cancer tissues, further confirm that the high levels of both AGO2 acetylation and miR-19b correlate with poor prognosis in lung cancer patients. Our finding reveals a novel function of AGO2 acetylation in increasing oncogenic miR-19b biogenesis and suggests that modulation of AGO2 acetylation has potential clinical implications.
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22
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Zhao X, Wang Y, Deng R, Zhang H, Dou J, Yuan H, Hou G, Du Y, Chen Q, Yu J. miR186 suppresses prostate cancer progression by targeting Twist1. Oncotarget 2018; 7:33136-51. [PMID: 27121312 PMCID: PMC5078081 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in north American men, and most its related deaths are due to advanced and metastatic PCa. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying PCa progression are still unclear. Here we use a pair of prostate cell lines P69/M12, which have the same genetic background and the highly metastatic cell line M12 is a subline derived from P69, to identify the pathogenesis of PCa. We find that a key miRNA--miR186 is significantly reduced in M12 compared to that in P69. Further, we validate that miR186 is also downregulated in human PCa specimens, most significantly in the metastatic patient specimens. The low miR186 expression is correlated with poor patient survival. Through knockdown or overexpression of miR186 in PCa cell lines, we discover that miR186 strongly inhibits cell motility, invasive, soft-agar colony formation, 3D culture growth and vasculogenic mimicry (VM) formation capacity, as well as the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process by downregulation of its target Twist1. Moreover, the inverse relationship between the expression levels of miR186 and Twist1 is confirmed in vivo tumor metastasis experiment and clinical specimens. Taken together, our findings demonstrate an important role of miR186/Twist1 axis in the regulation of PCa progression, suggesting a potential application of miR186/Twist1 in PCa treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yanli Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Rong Deng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hailong Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jinzhuo Dou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Haihua Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Guofang Hou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yuzhang Du
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Qin Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jianxiu Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.,Institute of Oncology & Department of Oncology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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23
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Ng KTP, Lo CM, Wong N, Li CX, Qi X, Liu XB, Geng W, Yeung OWH, Ma YY, Chan SC, Man K. Early-phase circulating miRNAs predict tumor recurrence and survival of hepatocellular carcinoma patients after liver transplantation. Oncotarget 2017; 7:19824-39. [PMID: 26918346 PMCID: PMC4991421 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-liver transplantation tumor recurrence is a major challenge for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recipients. We aimed to identify early-phase circulating microRNAs after liver transplantation for predicting tumor recurrence and survival of HCC recipients. Circulating microRNA profiles at early-phase (2-hour after portal vein reperfusion) after liver transplantation were compared between HCC recipients with (n=4) and without tumor recurrence (n=8) by microarray analyses. Candidate microRNAs were validated in 62 HCC recipients by quantitative RT-PCR. The prognostic values of microRNAs for tumor recurrence and survival were examined. Simulated in vitro ischemia-reperfusion injury models were employed to characterize the possible mechanism of up-regulation of circulating microRNAs. Our results showed that up-regulation of circulating miR-148a, miR-1246 or miR-1290 at early-phase was significantly associated with HCC recurrence after liver transplantation. Among them, miR-148a (p=0.030) and miR-1246 (p=0.009) were significant predictors of HCC recurrence. MiR-1246 was an independent predictor of overall (p=0.023) and disease-free survival (p=0.020) of HCC recipients. The level of early-phase circulating miR-1246 was positively correlated with serum AST and ALT levels in HCC recipients after liver transplantation. The expression of hepatic miR-1246 was positively correlated with TNFα mRNA. In vitro experiments indicated that injury-induced activation and differentiation of macrophages significantly elevated the expression and secretion of miR-1246. In conclusion, early-phase circulating miR-1246 is an indicator of hepatic injury and a novel prognostic biomarker for tumor recurrence and survival of HCC recipients after liver transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Tak-Pan Ng
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chung Mau Lo
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nathalie Wong
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Chang Xian Li
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Qi
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Bing Liu
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Geng
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Oscar Wai-Ho Yeung
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuen Yuen Ma
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
| | - See Ching Chan
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Kwan Man
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, China
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24
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Rizzo R, Soffritti I, D'Accolti M, Bortolotti D, Di Luca D, Caselli E. HHV-6A/6B Infection of NK Cells Modulates the Expression of miRNAs and Transcription Factors Potentially Associated to Impaired NK Activity. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2143. [PMID: 29163428 PMCID: PMC5671584 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells have a critical role in controlling virus infections, and viruses have evolved several mechanisms to escape NK cell functions. In particular, Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) is associated with diseases characterized by immune dysregulation and has been reported to infect NK cells. We recently found that HHV-6 in vitro infection of human thyroid follicular epithelial cells and T-lymphocytes modulates several miRNAs associated with alterations in immune response. Since miRNAs are key regulators of many immune pathways, including NK cell functions, we aimed to study the impact of HHV-6A and -6B in vitro infection on the intracellular mediators correlated to NK cell function. To this purpose, a human NK cell line (NK-92) was infected in vitro with HHV-6A or 6B and analyzed for alterations in the expression of miRNAs and transcription factors. The results showed that both viruses establish lytic replication in NK-92 cells, as shown by the presence of viral DNA, expression of lytic transcripts and antigens, and by the induction of an evident cytopathic effect. Notably, both viruses, although with species-specific differences, induced significant modifications in miRNA expression of miRNAs known for their role in NK cell development, maturation and effector functions (miR-146, miR-155, miR-181, miR-223), and on at least 13 miRNAs with recognized role in inflammation and autoimmunity. Also the expression of transcription factors was significantly modified by HHV-6A/6B infection, with an early increase of ATF3, JUN and FOXA2 by both species, whereas HHV-6A specifically induced a 15-fold decrease of POU2AF1, and HHV-6B an increase of FOXO1 and a decrease of ESR1. Overall, our data show that HHV-6A and -6B infections have a remarkable effect on the expression of miRNAs and transcription factors, which might be important in the induction of NK cell function impairment, virus escape strategies and related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Rizzo
- Section of Microbiology and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Irene Soffritti
- Section of Microbiology and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maria D'Accolti
- Section of Microbiology and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Daria Bortolotti
- Section of Microbiology and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Dario Di Luca
- Section of Microbiology and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Caselli
- Section of Microbiology and Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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25
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Hassani SN, Rezaeeyan H, Ghodsi A, Saki N. Restoration of natural killer cell cytotoxicity in the suppressive tumor microenvironment: novel approaches to treat AML. J Hematop 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12308-017-0306-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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26
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Yuan H, Deng R, Zhao X, Chen R, Hou G, Zhang H, Wang Y, Xu M, Jiang B, Yu J. SUMO1 modification of KHSRP regulates tumorigenesis by preventing the TL-G-Rich miRNA biogenesis. Mol Cancer 2017; 16:157. [PMID: 29020972 PMCID: PMC5637259 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-017-0724-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators involved in diverse physiological and pathological processes including cancer. SUMO (small ubiquitin-like modifier) is a reversible protein modifier. We recently found that SUMOylation of TARBP2 and DGCR8 is involved in the regulation of the miRNA pathway. KHSRP is a single stranded nucleic acid binding protein with roles in transcription and mRNA decay, and it is also a component of the Drosha-DGCR8 complex promoting the miRNA biogenesis. Methods The in vivo SUMOylation assay using the Ni2+-NTA affinity pulldown or immunoprecipitation (IP) and the in vitro E.coli-based SUMOylation assay were used to analyze SUMOylation of KHSRP. Nuclear/Cytosol fractionation assay and immunofluorescent staining were used to observe the localization of KHSRP. High-throughput miRNA sequencing, quantantive RT-PCR and RNA immunoprecipitation assay (RIP) were employed to determine the effects of KHSRP SUMO1 modification on the miRNA biogenesis. The soft-agar colony formation, migration, vasculogenic mimicry (VM) and three-dimensional (3D) cell culture assays were performed to detect the phenotypes of tumor cells in vitro, and the xenograft tumor model in mice was conducted to verify that SUMO1 modification of KHSRP regulated tumorigenesis in vivo. Results KHSRP is modified by SUMO1 at the major site K87, and this modification can be increased upon the microenvironmental hypoxia while reduced by the treatment with growth factors. SUMO1 modification of KHSRP inhibits its interaction with the pri-miRNA/Drosha-DGCR8 complex and probably increases its translocation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Consequently, SUMO1 modification of KHSRP impairs the processing step of pre-miRNAs from pri-miRNAs which especially harbor short G-rich stretches in their terminal loops (TL), resulting in the downregulation of a subset of TL-G-Rich miRNAs such as let-7 family and consequential tumorigenesis. Conclusions Our data demonstrate how the miRNA biogenesis pathway is connected to tumorigenesis and cancer progression through the reversible SUMO1 modification of KHSRP. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12943-017-0724-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihua Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 Mohe Road, Shanghai, 201999, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Rong Deng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xian Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ran Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Guofang Hou
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 Mohe Road, Shanghai, 201999, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Hailong Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yanli Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 Mohe Road, Shanghai, 201999, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 Mohe Road, Shanghai, 201999, China.
| | - Jianxiu Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China. .,Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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27
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Shirshev SV, Nekrasova IV, Gorbunova OL, Orlova EG, Maslennikova IL. MicroRNA in hormonal mechanisms of regulation of NK cell function. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2017; 474:168-172. [PMID: 28726100 DOI: 10.1134/s160767291703005x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of human chorionic gonadotropin, estriol, leptin, ghrelin, and kisspeptin on the microRNA expression in separated NK cells. All of these hormones are able to effectively modulate the expression of microRNAs both stimulating and suppressing the cytotoxic potential of NK cells and thereby indirectly regulate the functions of these lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S V Shirshev
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Department, Russian Academy of Science, Perm, 614081, Russia
| | - I V Nekrasova
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Department, Russian Academy of Science, Perm, 614081, Russia.
| | - O L Gorbunova
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Department, Russian Academy of Science, Perm, 614081, Russia
| | - E G Orlova
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Department, Russian Academy of Science, Perm, 614081, Russia
| | - I L Maslennikova
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Department, Russian Academy of Science, Perm, 614081, Russia
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28
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Collin R, St-Pierre C, Guilbault L, Mullins-Dansereau V, Policheni A, Guimont-Desrochers F, Pelletier AN, Gray DH, Drobetsky E, Perreault C, Hillhouse EE, Lesage S. An Unbiased Linkage Approach Reveals That the p53 Pathway Is Coupled to NK Cell Maturation. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 199:1490-1504. [PMID: 28710252 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer cells constitute potent innate lymphoid cells that play a major role in both tumor immunosurveillance and viral clearance via their effector functions. A four-stage model of NK cell functional maturation has been established according to the expression of CD11b and CD27, separating mature NK (mNK) cells into distinct populations that exhibit specific phenotypic and functional properties. To identify genetic factors involved in the regulation of NK cell functional maturation, we performed a linkage analysis on F2 (B6.Rag1-/- × NOD.Rag1-/- intercross) mice. We identified six loci on chromosomes 2, 4, 7, 10, 11, and 18 that were linked to one or more mNK cell subsets. Subsequently, we performed an in silico analysis exploiting mNK cell subset microarray data, highlighting various genes and microRNAs as potential regulators of the functional maturation of NK cells. Together, the combination of our unbiased genetic linkage study and the in silico analysis positions genes known to affect NK cell biology along the specific stages of NK cell functional maturation. Moreover, this approach allowed us to uncover a novel candidate gene in the regulation of NK cell maturation, namely Trp53 Using mice deficient for Trp53, we confirm that this tumor suppressor regulates NK cell functional maturation. Additional candidate genes revealed in this study may eventually serve as targets for the modulation of NK cell functional maturation to potentiate both tumor immunosurveillance and viral clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxanne Collin
- Department of Immunology-Oncology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, Quebec H1T 2M4, Canada.,Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Charles St-Pierre
- Institut de Recherche en Immunologie et en Cancérologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada.,Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Lorie Guilbault
- Department of Immunology-Oncology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, Quebec H1T 2M4, Canada.,Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Victor Mullins-Dansereau
- Department of Immunology-Oncology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, Quebec H1T 2M4, Canada.,Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Antonia Policheni
- Molecular Genetics of Cancer Division, Immunology Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; and.,Department of Medical Biology, Melbourne University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Fanny Guimont-Desrochers
- Department of Immunology-Oncology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, Quebec H1T 2M4, Canada.,Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Adam-Nicolas Pelletier
- Department of Immunology-Oncology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, Quebec H1T 2M4, Canada.,Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Daniel H Gray
- Molecular Genetics of Cancer Division, Immunology Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; and.,Department of Medical Biology, Melbourne University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Elliot Drobetsky
- Department of Immunology-Oncology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, Quebec H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Claude Perreault
- Institut de Recherche en Immunologie et en Cancérologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada.,Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Erin E Hillhouse
- Department of Immunology-Oncology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, Quebec H1T 2M4, Canada;
| | - Sylvie Lesage
- Department of Immunology-Oncology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, Quebec H1T 2M4, Canada; .,Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
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29
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MicroRNA-210, MicroRNA-331, and MicroRNA-7 Are Differentially Regulated in Treated HIV-1-Infected Individuals and Are Associated With Markers of Systemic Inflammation. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2017; 74:e104-e113. [PMID: 27749601 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000001191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Inflammation may contribute to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in HIV-1 infection. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the regulation of inflammation. In treated HIV-1-infected individuals, we aimed to identify differentially expressed miRNAs with known roles in inflammation and CVD risk and to investigate associations between these and systemic inflammation. METHODS In a screening cohort including 14 HIV-1-infected individuals and 9 uninfected controls, microarray profiling was performed using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Differentially regulated miRNAs previously related to inflammation and CVD were validated using real-time quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction in 26 HIV-1-infected individuals and 20 uninfected controls. Validated miRNAs were measured in PBMCs, CD4 and CD8 T cells. Interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin G, lipids, and fasting glucose were measured, and associations with validated miRNAs were assessed with multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS Upregulation of miR-210, miR-7, and miR-331 was found in PBMCs from HIV-1-infected individuals when compared with those from uninfected controls (P < 0.005). In contrast, miR-210 and miR-331 were downregulated in CD8 T cells. In multivariate analysis, miR-210 in CD8 T cells was negatively associated with LPS (P = 0.023) and triglycerides (P = 0.003) but positively associated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (P = 0.004). MiR-7 in PBMC was positively associated with interleukin-6 (P = 0.025) and fasting glucose (P = 0.005), whereas miR-331 was negatively associated with LPS (P = 0.006). In PBMCs from HIV-1-infected individuals with low cytomegalovirus immunoglobulin G, miR-7, miR-29a, miR-221, and miR-222 were downregulated. CONCLUSION In 2 independent cohorts, miR-210, miR-7, and miR-331 were differentially regulated in treated HIV-1-infected individuals and associated with markers of systemic inflammation.
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30
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Kumar Kingsley SM, Vishnu Bhat B. Role of MicroRNAs in the development and function of innate immune cells. Int Rev Immunol 2017; 36:154-175. [DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2017.1284212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Manoj Kumar Kingsley
- Department of Neonatology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - B. Vishnu Bhat
- Department of Neonatology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
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31
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Twist1/Dnmt3a and miR186 establish a regulatory circuit that controls inflammation-associated prostate cancer progression. Oncogenesis 2017; 6:e315. [PMID: 28394356 PMCID: PMC5520493 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2017.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidences suggest that inflammatory microenvironment has a crucial role in prostate cancer (PCa) progression; however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here, we used the inflammation-associated prostate cellular transformation model to screen out a crucial microRNA, miR186, which was significantly downregulated in the transformed cells and effectively rescued the transformed phenotype. On stimulation of inflammatory cytokines, the activated nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)/p65 was able to induce miR186 expression through binding to its promoter in non-transformed cells, whereas this pathway was lost in transformed cells. Interestingly, Twist1, which is a reported downstream target of miR186, was responsible for the loss of NF-κB/p65-miR186 pathway. Twist1 downregulated miR186 expression in a novel negative feedback loop binding to the E-box and simultaneously recruiting Dnmt3a, which facilitated the site-specific CpG methylation of the miR186 promoter, thereby blocked the transcriptional activity of NF-κB/p65 and the responsiveness of miR186 to inflammatory signals. The high level of Twist1 triggered this feedback loop that underlies the epigenetic switch, which was essential for maintaining transformed and advanced PCa state. Finally, our clinical data confirmed that the CpG methylation and miR186 expression levels were closely related with inflammation-associated human PCa progression.
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32
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Ni L, Wang L, Yao C, Ni Z, Liu F, Gong C, Zhu X, Yan X, Watowich SS, Lee DA, Zhu S. The histone deacetylase inhibitor valproic acid inhibits NKG2D expression in natural killer cells through suppression of STAT3 and HDAC3. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45266. [PMID: 28338101 PMCID: PMC5364405 DOI: 10.1038/srep45266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
NKG2D is a major activating receptor of NK cells and plays a critical role in tumor immunosurveillance. NKG2D expression in NK cells is inhibited by the histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor valproic acid (VPA) and enhanced by the narrow-spectrum HDAC inhibitor entinostat. We previously demonstrated that entinostat enhanced NKG2D transcription by increasing acetylation of Histones H3 and H4. However, the mechanism by which VPA reduces NKG2D expression in NK cells is not known. We have also shown that NKG2D transcription is regulated by STAT3 phosphorylation. In this study, we investigated regulation of NKG2D expression in NK cells by VPA and entinostat by assessing protein expression, phosphorylation, and interaction of HDACs and STAT3. We find that VPA selectively inhibits STAT3 tyrosine705 phosphorylation, but entinostat does not. STAT3 complexes with HDAC3, and HDAC3 inhibition represses STAT3 phosphorylation and therefore NKG2D expression. NK cells from STAT3 wild-type mice downregulate NKG2D in response to VPA, but not NK cells from STAT3 knockout mice. These results show that VPA is a potent inhibitor of STAT3 phosphorylation and demonstrate that histone acetylation and STAT3 tyrosine705 phosphorylation cooperate in regulating NKG2D expression in NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Ni
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 CaiLun Rd., Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Lixin Wang
- Department of Immunology and Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 CaiLun Rd., Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Chao Yao
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 CaiLun Rd., Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Zhongya Ni
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 CaiLun Rd., Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Fei Liu
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 CaiLun Rd., Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Chenyuan Gong
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 CaiLun Rd., Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowen Zhu
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 CaiLun Rd., Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Xuewei Yan
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 CaiLun Rd., Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
| | - Stephanie S Watowich
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Dean A Lee
- Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, WA4023, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA
| | - Shiguo Zhu
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 CaiLun Rd., Shanghai 201203, P. R. China.,Department of Immunology and Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 CaiLun Rd., Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
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33
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Rady M, Watzl C, Claus M, Khorshid O, Mahran L, Abou-Aisha K. Altered expression of miR-181a and miR-146a does not change the expression of surface NCRs in human NK cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41381. [PMID: 28145491 PMCID: PMC5286401 DOI: 10.1038/srep41381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in regulating gene expression and immune responses. Of interest, miR-181a and miR-146a are key players in regulating immune responses and are among the most abundant miRNAs expressed in NK cells. Bioinformatically, we predicted miR-181a to regulate the expression of the natural cytotoxicity receptor NCR2 by seeded interaction with the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR). Whereas, miR-146a expression was not significantly different (P = 0.7361), miR-181a expression was, on average 10-fold lower in NK cells from breast cancer patients compared to normal subjects; P < 0.0001. Surface expression of NCR2 was detected in NK cells from breast cancer patients (P = 0.0384). While cytokine receptor-induced NK cell activation triggered overexpression of miR-146a when stimulated with IL-2 (P = 0.0039), IL-15 (P = 0.0078), and IL-12/IL-18 (P = 0.0072), expression of miR-181a was not affected. Overexpression or knockdown of miR-181a or miR-146a in primary cultured human NK cells did not affect the level of expression of any of the three NCRs; NCR1, NCR2 or NCR3 or NK cell cytotoxicity. Expression of miR-181a and miR-146a did not correlate to the expression of the NCRs in NK cells from breast cancer patients or cytokine-stimulated NK cells from healthy subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Rady
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, German University in Cairo (GUC), New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Carsten Watzl
- Immunology Department, Leibniz Research Center for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Maren Claus
- Immunology Department, Leibniz Research Center for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Ola Khorshid
- Medical Oncology Department, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Laila Mahran
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, German University in Cairo (GUC), New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khaled Abou-Aisha
- Microbiology and Immunology Department, German University in Cairo (GUC), New Cairo, Egypt
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Skurnikov MY, Makarova YA, Knyazev EN, Fomicheva KA, Nyushko KM, Saribekyan EK, Alekseev BY, Kaprin AD. Profile of microRNA in Blood Plasma of Healthy Humans. Bull Exp Biol Med 2016; 160:632-4. [DOI: 10.1007/s10517-016-3235-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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35
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miR-146a negatively regulates NK cell functions via STAT1 signaling. Cell Mol Immunol 2016; 14:712-720. [PMID: 26996068 DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2015.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
It is known that natural killer (NK) cell function is downregulated in chronic hepatitis B (CHB)-infected patients and in hepatic carcinoma (HCC) patients, but the mechanisms underlying this functional downregulation are largely unclear. In this study, microRNA (miR)-146a expression increased in NK cells from CHB and HCC patients compared with NK cells from healthy donors, and miR-146a levels were negatively correlated to NK cell functions. Overexpression of miR-146a reduced NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity and the production of interferon (IFN)-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α, which were reversed upon inhibition of miR-146a. In NK cells, miR-146a expression was induced by interleukin (IL)-10 and transforming growth factor-β, but reduced after treatment with interleukin-12, IFN-α and IFN-β. We further revealed that miR-146a regulated NK cell functions by targeting STAT1. Taken together, upregulated miR-146a expression, at least partially, attributes to NK cell dysfunction in CHB and HCC patients. Therefore, miR-146a may become a therapeutic target with great potential to ameliorate NK cell functions in liver disease.
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36
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Leong JW, Wagner JA, Ireland AR, Fehniger TA. Transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of NK cell development and function. Clin Immunol 2016; 177:60-69. [PMID: 26948928 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are specialized innate lymphoid cells that survey against viral infections and malignancy. Numerous advances have improved our understanding of the molecular mechanisms that control NK cell development and function over the past decade. These include both studies on the regulatory effects of transcription factors and translational repression via microRNAs. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge of DNA-binding transcription factors that regulate gene expression and thereby orchestrate NK cell development and activation, with an emphasis on recent discoveries. Additionally, we highlight our understanding of how RNA-binding microRNAs fine tune the NK cell molecular program. We also underscore the large number of open questions in the field that are now being addressed using new technological approaches and genetically engineered model organisms. Ultimately, a deeper understanding of the basic molecular biology of NK cells will facilitate new strategies to manipulate NK cells for the treatment of human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey W Leong
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Julia A Wagner
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Aaron R Ireland
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Todd A Fehniger
- Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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Chen C, Zhu C, Huang J, Zhao X, Deng R, Zhang H, Dou J, Chen Q, Xu M, Yuan H, Wang Y, Yu J. SUMOylation of TARBP2 regulates miRNA/siRNA efficiency. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8899. [PMID: 26582366 PMCID: PMC4673853 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Small RNA-induced gene silencing is essential for post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression; however, it remains unclear how miRNA/siRNA efficiency is regulated. Here we show that TARBP2 is SUMOylated at K52, which can be enhanced by its phosphorylation. This modification can stabilize TARBP2 via repressing its K48-linked ubiquitination. We find that TARBP2 SUMOylation does not influence the overall production of mature miRNAs, but it regulates miRNA/siRNA efficiency. SUMOylated TARBP2 recruits Ago2 to constitute the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC)-loading complex (RLC), and simultaneously promotes more pre-miRNAs to load into the RLC. Consequently, Ago2 is stabilized and miRNAs/siRNAs bound by TARBP2/Dicer is effectively transferred to Ago2. Thus, these processes lead to the formation of the effective RISC for RNA interference (RNAi). Collectively, our data suggest that SUMOylation of TARBP2 is required for regulating miRNA/siRNA efficiency, which is a general mechanism of miRNA/siRNA regulation. As part of the miRNA-generating machinery, TARBP2 stabilizes the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) loading complex (RLC). Here, Chen et al. show that sumoylation of TARBP2 regulates RNAi efficiency by increasing precursor miRNAs loaded on RLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Changhong Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xian Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Rong Deng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hailong Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jinzhuo Dou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Qin Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Haihua Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yanli Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jianxiu Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.,Department of Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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38
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Leahy TR, McManus R, Doherty DG, Grealy R, Coulter T, Smyth P, Blackshields G, Sheils O, Carr MJ, Purandare N, Geary M, Hodemaekers HM, Janssen R, Bont L, Slattery D, Ryan T. Interleukin-15 is associated with disease severity in viral bronchiolitis. Eur Respir J 2015; 47:212-22. [PMID: 26541527 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00642-2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Disease severity in viral bronchiolitis in infancy is difficult to predict and has been linked to host innate immunity. The study aimed to investigate the innate cytokine interleukin-15 (IL-15) as a marker of disease severity.A prospective single-centre observational study was conducted in a university-affiliated paediatric teaching hospital, comparing children (0-18 months) hospitalised for viral bronchiolitis, those admitted to the paediatric intensive care unit with severe disease and healthy age-matched controls. IL-15-related parameters were compared between groups. PCR and microRNA (miRNA) sequencing was undertaken on natural killer (NK) cells collected from study participants.Samples from 88 children with viral bronchiolitis and 43 controls enrolled between 2009 and 2012 were analysed. Peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) IL-15 mRNA expression was significantly higher in those with moderate severity bronchiolitis compared with controls and those with severe disease. Serum IL-15 levels correlated with disease severity. The relative frequency of NK cells in peripheral blood was significantly reduced in participants with bronchiolitis. The NK cell miRNA transcriptome in bronchiolitis was distinct. Targets of de-regulated miRNA were differentially expressed in bronchiolitis, including JAK3, STAT5A and NFKB1 on the IL-15 signalling pathway.IL-15 is associated with disease severity in children hospitalised with viral bronchiolitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ronan Leahy
- Dept of Paediatrics, Children's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland Dept of Clinical Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ross McManus
- Dept of Clinical Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Robert Grealy
- Dept of Clinical Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland Dept of Critical Care Medicine, St James' Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tanya Coulter
- Dept of Immunology, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Paul Smyth
- Dept of Histopathology, Sir Patrick Dun Research Laboratory, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gordon Blackshields
- Dept of Histopathology, Sir Patrick Dun Research Laboratory, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Orla Sheils
- Dept of Histopathology, Sir Patrick Dun Research Laboratory, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael J Carr
- National Virus Reference Laboratory, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nikhil Purandare
- Dept of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Rotunda Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael Geary
- Dept of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Rotunda Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Hennie M Hodemaekers
- University Medical Center, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Riny Janssen
- University Medical Center, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Louis Bont
- University Medical Center, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Thomas Ryan
- Dept of Critical Care Medicine, St James' Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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39
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Schyth BD, Bela-ong DB, Jalali SAH, Kristensen LBJ, Einer-Jensen K, Pedersen FS, Lorenzen N. Two Virus-Induced MicroRNAs Known Only from Teleost Fishes Are Orthologues of MicroRNAs Involved in Cell Cycle Control in Humans. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132434. [PMID: 26207374 PMCID: PMC4514678 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are ~22 base pair-long non-coding RNAs which regulate gene expression in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells by binding to specific target regions in mRNAs to mediate transcriptional blocking or mRNA cleavage. Through their fundamental roles in cellular pathways, gene regulation mediated by miRNAs has been shown to be involved in almost all biological phenomena, including development, metabolism, cell cycle, tumor formation, and host-pathogen interactions. To address the latter in a primitive vertebrate host, we here used an array platform to analyze the miRNA response in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) following inoculation with the virulent fish rhabdovirus Viral hemorrhagic septicaemia virus. Two clustered miRNAs, miR-462 and miR-731 (herein referred to as miR-462 cluster), described only in teleost fishes, were found to be strongly upregulated, indicating their involvement in fish-virus interactions. We searched for homologues of the two teleost miRNAs in other vertebrate species and investigated whether findings related to ours have been reported for these homologues. Gene synteny analysis along with gene sequence conservation suggested that the teleost fish miR-462 and miR-731 had evolved from the ancestral miR-191 and miR-425 (herein called miR-191 cluster), respectively. Whereas the miR-462 cluster locus is found between two protein-coding genes (intergenic) in teleost fish genomes, the miR-191 cluster locus is found within an intron of a protein-coding gene (intragenic) in the human genome. Interferon (IFN)-inducible and immune-related promoter elements found upstream of the teleost miR-462 cluster locus suggested roles in immune responses to viral pathogens in fish, while in humans, the miR-191 cluster functionally associated with cell cycle regulation. Stimulation of fish cell cultures with the IFN inducer poly I:C accordingly upregulated the expression of miR-462 and miR-731, while no stimulatory effect on miR-191 and miR-425 expression was observed in human cell lines. Despite high sequence conservation, evolution has thus resulted in different regulation and presumably also different functional roles of these orthologous miRNA clusters in different vertebrate lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Dall Schyth
- National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Dennis Berbulla Bela-ong
- National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
- Fish Health Section, Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | | | - Lasse Bøgelund Juel Kristensen
- National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Aarhus, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | | | - Finn Skou Pedersen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Aarhus, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Niels Lorenzen
- Fish Health Section, Department of Animal Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus N, Denmark
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40
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Cheng YQ, Ren JP, Zhao J, Wang JM, Zhou Y, Li GY, Moorman JP, Yao ZQ. MicroRNA-155 regulates interferon-γ production in natural killer cells via Tim-3 signalling in chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Immunology 2015; 145:485-97. [PMID: 25772938 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Host immune responses must be tightly regulated by an intricate balance between positive and negative signals while fighting pathogens; persistent pathogens may usurp these regulatory mechanisms to dampen host immunity to facilitate survival in vivo. Here we report that Tim-3, a negative signalling molecule expressed on monocytes and T cells, is up-regulated on natural killer (NK) cells in individuals chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). Additionally, the transcription factor T-bet was also found to be up-regulated and associated with Tim-3 expression in NK cells during chronic HCV infection. MicroRNA-155 (miR-155), an miRNA that inhibits signalling proteins involved in immune responses, was down-regulated in NK cells by HCV infection. This Tim-3/T-bet over-expression and miR-155 inhibition were recapitulated in vitro by incubating primary NK cells or NK92 cell line with Huh-7 hepatocytes expressing HCV. Reconstitution of miR-155 in NK cells from HCV-infected patients led to a decrease in T-bet/Tim-3 expression and an increase in interferon-γ production. Blocking Tim-3 signalling also enhanced interferon-γ production in NK cells by improving signal transducer and activator of transcription-5 phosphorylation. These data indicate that HCV-induced, miR-155-regulated Tim-3 expression regulates NK cell function, suggesting a novel mechanism for balancing immune clearance and immune injury during chronic viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Q Cheng
- Center for Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA.,International Centre for Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jun P Ren
- Center for Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA
| | - Juan Zhao
- Center for Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA
| | - Jia M Wang
- Center for Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Soochow University School of Medicine, Suzhou, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Center for Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA.,Centre of Diagnosis and Treatment for Infectious Diseases of Chinese PLA, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xian, China
| | - Guang Y Li
- Center for Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA
| | - Jonathan P Moorman
- Center for Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA.,HCV/HIV Program, James H. Quillen VA Medical Center, Johnson City, TN, USA
| | - Zhi Q Yao
- Center for Inflammation, Infectious Disease and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA.,HCV/HIV Program, James H. Quillen VA Medical Center, Johnson City, TN, USA
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41
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Ishida Y, Zhao D, Ohkuchi A, Kuwata T, Yoshitake H, Yuge K, Takizawa T, Matsubara S, Suzuki M, Saito S, Takizawa T. Maternal peripheral blood natural killer cells incorporate placenta-associated microRNAs during pregnancy. Int J Mol Med 2015; 35:1511-24. [PMID: 25824636 PMCID: PMC4432927 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although recent studies have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) regulate fundamental natural killer (NK) cellular processes, including cytotoxicity and cytokine production, little is known about the miRNA-gene regulatory relationships in maternal peripheral blood NK (pNK) cells during pregnancy. In the present study, to determine the roles of miRNAs within gene regulatory networks of maternal pNK cells, we performed comprehensive miRNA and gene expression profiling of maternal pNK cells using a combination of reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR)-based miRNA array and DNA microarray analyses and analyzed the differential expression levels between first- and third-trimester pNK cells. Furthermore, we constructed regulatory networks for miRNA-mediated gene expression in pNK cells during pregnancy by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). PCR-based array analysis revealed that the placenta-derived miRNAs [chromosome 19 miRNA cluster (C19MC) miRNAs] were detected in pNK cells during pregnancy. Twenty-five miRNAs, including six C19MC miRNAs, were significantly upregulated in the third- compared to first-trimester pNK cells. The rapid clearance of C19MC miRNAs also occurred in the pNK cells following delivery. Nine miRNAs, including eight C19MC miRNAs, were significantly downregulated in the post-delivery pNK cells compared to those of the third-trimester. DNA microarray analysis identified 69 NK cell function-related genes that were differentially expressed between the first- and third-trimester pNK cells. On pathway and network analysis, the observed gene expression changes of pNK cells likely contribute to the increase in the cytotoxicity, as well as the cell cycle progression of third- compared to first-trimester pNK cells. Thirteen of the 69 NK cell function-related genes were significantly down-regulated between the first- and third-trimester pNK cells. Nine of the 13 downregulated NK-function-associated genes were in silico target candidates of 12 upregulated miRNAs, including C19MC miRNA miR-512-3p. The results of this study suggest that the transfer of placental C19MC miRNAs into maternal pNK cells occurs during pregnancy. The present study provides new insight into maternal NK cell functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Ishida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329‑0498, Japan
| | - Dongwei Zhao
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113‑8602, Japan
| | - Akihide Ohkuchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329‑0498, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Kuwata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329‑0498, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yoshitake
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113‑8602, Japan
| | - Kazuya Yuge
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113‑8602, Japan
| | - Takami Takizawa
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113‑8602, Japan
| | - Shigeki Matsubara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329‑0498, Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Suzuki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329‑0498, Japan
| | - Shigeru Saito
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930‑0194, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Takizawa
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113‑8602, Japan
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Chill HH, Dior UP, Kogan L, Revel A. microRNAs and Endometrial Pathophysiology. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2015; 887:143-55. [PMID: 26662990 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-22380-3_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Embryo implantation requires a reciprocal interaction between the blastocyst and endometrium and is associated with complex regulatory mechanisms. Since their discovery, microRNAs became prominent candidates providing missing links for many biological pathways. In recent years, microRNAs were implicated as one of the important players in regulation of various biological and physiological endometrial related processes. This chapter aims to present recent knowledge pertaining to the diverse aspects of microRNAs in the embryo-endometrial relationship. We will focus on the role of microRNAs in decidualization and their part in natural and stimulated cycles. Next, we will present recent studies deliberating the role of microRNAs in recurrent pregnancy loss and in the important phenomenon of recurrent implantation failure. Lastly, demonstrating an important aspect of embryo implantation and invasion, we will outline few microRNA related shared pathways of implantation and carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry H Chill
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, POB 12272, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel.
| | - Uri P Dior
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, POB 12272, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Liron Kogan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, POB 12272, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Ariel Revel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Center, POB 12272, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
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43
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Sun Q, Zhao X, Liu X, Wang Y, Huang J, Jiang B, Chen Q, Yu J. miR-146a functions as a tumor suppressor in prostate cancer by targeting Rac1. Prostate 2014; 74:1613-21. [PMID: 25214035 DOI: 10.1002/pros.22878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND miR-146a (miR-146a-5p) has been reported to be aberrantly expressed in different types of cancers, the current knowledge about the role of miR-146a in prostate cancer is still limited. METHODS The expression levels of miR-146a in cell lines and tissues were measured by qRT-PCR and in situ hybridization. Effects of miR-146a on cell growth and migration were evaluated by colony formation assay and RTCA assay, respectively. The dual luciferase assay was used to examine the binding between miR-146a and the 3'UTR of potential targets. RESULTS We found that enforced over-expression of miR-146a in prostate cancer cells suppressed whereas knockdown of miR-146a increased anchorage-independent growth, migration, and invasion. Mechanistic studies revealed that miR-146a repressed the expression of Rac1 through binding to its 3'UTR. Consistently, knockdown of Rac1 phenocopied the anti-migration effect of overexpressing miR-146a, and knockdown of Rac1 in miR-146a-silencing cells antagonized the increase in cell motility induced by silencing miR-146a. Furthermore, miR-146a was found to be inversely correlated with Rac1 in human prostate cancer tissues. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that miR-146a plays a suppressive role in prostate cancer through down-regulation of Rac1. The miR-146a/Rac1 signaling axis may be a potential therapeutic target to prevent prostate cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Sun
- Department of Oncology, No. 3 People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Presnell SR, Al-Attar A, Cichocki F, Miller JS, Lutz CT. Human natural killer cell microRNA: differential expression of MIR181A1B1 and MIR181A2B2 genes encoding identical mature microRNAs. Genes Immun 2014; 16:89-98. [PMID: 25410655 PMCID: PMC4304976 DOI: 10.1038/gene.2014.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Revised: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) and T lymphocytes share many properties, yet only NK cells respond rapidly to infection and cancer without pre-activation. We found that few microRNAs (miRNAs) differed significantly between human NK and T cells. Among those miRNAs, miR-181a, and miR-181b levels rose during NK cell differentiation. Prior studies indicate that miR-181a and miR-181b are critical for human NK cell development and are co-transcribed from genes on chromosome 1 (MIR181A1B1) and on chromosome 9 (MIR181A2B2). We mapped human MIR181A1B1 and MIR181A2B2 transcription start sites (TSS) to 78.3 kb and 34.0 kb upstream of the mature miRNAs, generating predominantly unspliced transcripts of 80-127 kb and ~60 kb, respectively. Unlike mouse thymocytes, human T cells expressed both MIR181A1B1 and MIR181A2B2. We tested the hypothesis that NK cells differentially transcribe the two genes during development and in response to immune regulatory cytokines. During NK cell differentiation, MIR181A2B2 expression rose dramatically and exceeded that of MIR181A1B1. TGF-β treatment increased NK cell MIR181A2B2 transcription, while IL-2, IL-15, and IL-12/IL-18 treatments upregulated MIR181A1B1. The MIR181A2B2 promoter was strongly transactivated by SMAD3 and SMAD4 transcription factors, suggesting that TGF-β signaling upregulates MIR181A2B2 expression, at least in part, through SMAD-dependent promoter activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven R Presnell
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kentucky Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Ahmad Al-Attar
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kentucky Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Frank Cichocki
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota Cancer Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Miller
- Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation, University of Minnesota Cancer Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Charles T Lutz
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Kentucky Lexington, Kentucky, USA.,Departments of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of Kentucky Lexington, Kentucky, USA
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Leong JW, Sullivan RP, Fehniger TA. microRNA management of NK-cell developmental and functional programs. Eur J Immunol 2014; 44:2862-8. [PMID: 25142111 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201444798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
NK cells are innate lymphoid cells that are critical for host defense against infection, and mediate anti-tumor responses. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a large family of small noncoding RNAs that target the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of mRNAs, thereby attenuating protein translation. The expression of miRNAs within human peripheral blood and mouse splenic NK cells has been cataloged, with the majority of the miRNA sequence pool represented in the top 60 most abundantly expressed miRNAs. Global miRNA deficiency within NK cells has confirmed their critical role in NK-cell biology, including defects in NK-cell development and altered functionality. Studies using gain- and loss-of-function of individual miRNAs in NK cells have demonstrated the role of specific miRNAs in regulating NK-cell development, maturation, and activation. miRNAs also regulate fundamental NK-cell processes including cytokine production, cytotoxicity, and proliferation. This review provides an update on the intrinsic miRNA regulation of NK cells, including miRNA expression profiles, as well as their impact on NK-cell biology. Additional profiling is needed to better understand miRNA expression within NK-cell developmental intermediates, subsets, tissues, and in the setting of disease. Furthermore, key open questions in the field as well as technical challenges in the study of miRNAs in NK cells are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey W Leong
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Kim N, Kim M, Yun S, Doh J, Greenberg PD, Kim TD, Choi I. MicroRNA-150 regulates the cytotoxicity of natural killers by targeting perforin-1. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2014; 134:195-203. [PMID: 24698324 PMCID: PMC4125537 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perforin-1 (Prf1) is the predominant cytolytic protein secreted by natural killer (NK) cells. For a rapid immune response, resting NK cells contain high Prf1 mRNA concentrations while exhibiting minimal cytotoxicity caused by a blockage of Prf1 protein synthesis, implying that an unknown posttranscriptional regulatory mechanism exists. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine whether microRNA-150 (miR-150) posttranscriptionally regulates Prf1 translation in both mouse and human NK cells at rest and at various time points after activation. METHODS Mouse NK cells with a targeted deletion of miR-150 (miR-150(-/-) NK cells), primary human NK cells, and NK92 MI cells were used to investigate the role of miR-150 in NK cells. NK cell cytotoxicity assays and Western blotting proved that activated miR-150(-/-) NK cells expressed upregulated Prf1, augmenting NK cell cytotoxicity. When immunodeficient mice were injected with miR-150(-/-) NK cells, there was a significant reduction in tumor growth and metastasis of B16F10 melanoma. RESULTS We report that miR-150 binds to 3' untranslated regions of mouse and human Prf1, posttranscriptionally downregulating its expression. Mouse wild-type NK cells displayed downregulated miR-150 expression in response to IL-15, which led to corresponding repression and induction of Prf1 during rest and after IL-15 activation, respectively. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that miR-150 is a common posttranscriptional regulator for Prf1 in mouse and human NK cells that represses NK cell lytic activity. Thus the therapeutic control of miR-150 in NK cells could enhance NK cell-based immunotherapy against cancer, providing a better clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayoung Kim
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Miju Kim
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering (I-Bio), POSTECH, Pohang, Korea; Department of Mechanical Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang, Korea
| | - Sohyun Yun
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Junsang Doh
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering (I-Bio), POSTECH, Pohang, Korea; Department of Mechanical Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang, Korea
| | - Philip D Greenberg
- Departments of Immunology and Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Wash
| | - Tae-Don Kim
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Korea; Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology (UST), KRIBB, Daejeon, Korea.
| | - Inpyo Choi
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Korea; Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology (UST), KRIBB, Daejeon, Korea.
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47
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Differential microRNA Profile and Post-Transcriptional Regulation Exist in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients with Distinct Autoantibody Specificities. J Clin Immunol 2014; 34:491-503. [DOI: 10.1007/s10875-014-0008-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Geng Y, He J, Ding Y, Chen X, Zhou Y, Liu S, Liu X, Wang Y. The differential expression of microRNAs between implantation sites and interimplantation sites in early pregnancy in mice and their potential functions. Reprod Sci 2014; 21:1296-306. [PMID: 24604233 DOI: 10.1177/1933719114525273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Embryo implantation is a complex process that involves synchronized crosstalk between a receptive endometrium and a functional blastocyst. It can take place only during the window of implantation, a period when a series of changes in gene expression occur in the endometrium to accept the embryo. As modulators of gene expression, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as regulators of embryo implantation. To better understand how miRNAs regulate implantation and the related molecular mechanisms, we compared the expression profiles of miRNAs and messenger RNAs between implantation sites (IMs) and inter-IMs in the endometrium of pregnant mice on day 5 by microarrays. The results showed that compared with inter-IMs, 30 miRNAs were upregulated and 42 miRNAs (>2-fold) were downregulated at the IMs. By combining the results of the microarray experiments, we found that 20 upregulated pathways and 14 downregulated pathways might be subject to miRNA regulation at IMs. We also found that some miRNAs and their targets may play a key role in implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Geng
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Junlin He
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yubin Ding
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjiang Zhou
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shangjing Liu
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueqing Liu
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingxiong Wang
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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Sanchez-Martínez D, Krzywinska E, Rathore MG, Saumet A, Cornillon A, Lopez-Royuela N, Martínez-Lostao L, Ramirez-Labrada A, Lu ZY, Rossi JF, Fernández-Orth D, Escorza S, Anel A, Lecellier CH, Pardo J, Villalba M. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) induces miR-23a expression, decreases CTSC expression and granzyme B activity leading to impaired NK cell cytotoxicity. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2014; 49:42-52. [PMID: 24440757 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2014.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Revised: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
NK cell is an innate immune system lymphocyte lineage with natural cytotoxicity. Its optimal use in the clinic requires in vitro expansion and activation. Cytokines and encounter with target cells activate NK cells and induce proliferation, and this could depend on the presence of other immune cells. Here we activated PBMCs during 5 days with IL-2, with IL-2 plus the tumor cell line K562 and with the lymphoblastoid cell line R69 and perform integrated analyses of microRNA and mRNA expression profiles of purified NK cells. The samples cluster depending on the stimuli and not on the donor, indicating that the pattern of NK cell stimulation is acutely well conserved between individuals. Regulation of mRNA expression is tighter than that of miRNA expression. All stimuli induce a common preserved genetic remodeling. In addition, encounter with target cells mainly activates pathways related to metabolism. Different target cells induce different NK cell remodeling which affects cytokine response and cytotoxicity, supporting the notion that encounter with different target cells significantly changing the activation pattern. We validate our analysis by showing that activation down regulates miR-23a, which is a negative regulator of cathepsin C (CTSC) mRNA, a gene up regulated by all stimuli. The peptidase CTSC activates the granzymes, the main effector proteases involved in NK cell cytotoxicity. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), which induces miR-23a expression, decreases CTSC expression and granzyme B activity leading to impaired NK cell cytotoxicity in an in vivo mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Sanchez-Martínez
- Cell Immunity in Cancer, Inflammation and infection Group, Biomedical Research Center of Aragon (CIBA), Nanoscience Institute of Aragon (INA), Aragon I+D Foundation (ARAID), IIS Aragon/University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Ewelina Krzywinska
- INSERM U1040, Université de Montpellier 1, UFR Médecine, Montpellier F-34295, France
| | - Moeez G Rathore
- INSERM U1040, Université de Montpellier 1, UFR Médecine, Montpellier F-34295, France
| | - Anne Saumet
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier INSERM U896, Université Montpellier 1, CRLC Val d'Aurelle Paul Lamarque, Montpellier F-34298, France
| | - Amelie Cornillon
- INSERM U1040, Université de Montpellier 1, UFR Médecine, Montpellier F-34295, France
| | - Nuria Lopez-Royuela
- INSERM U1040, Université de Montpellier 1, UFR Médecine, Montpellier F-34295, France
| | - Luis Martínez-Lostao
- Apoptosis, Immunity and Cancer Group, Department Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Ariel Ramirez-Labrada
- Apoptosis, Immunity and Cancer Group, Department Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Zhao-Yang Lu
- INSERM U1040, Université de Montpellier 1, UFR Médecine, Montpellier F-34295, France
| | - Jean-François Rossi
- INSERM U1040, Université de Montpellier 1, UFR Médecine, Montpellier F-34295, France
| | | | - Sergio Escorza
- Progenika Biopharma SA, Parque Tecnológico Bizkaia 504, 48160 Derio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Alberto Anel
- Apoptosis, Immunity and Cancer Group, Department Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Charles-Henri Lecellier
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier UMR 5535 CNRS, 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier cedex 5, France. Université Montpellier 2, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France. Université Montpellier 1, 5 Bd Henry IV, 34967 Montpellier Cedex 2, France
| | - Julian Pardo
- Cell Immunity in Cancer, Inflammation and infection Group, Biomedical Research Center of Aragon (CIBA), Nanoscience Institute of Aragon (INA), Aragon I+D Foundation (ARAID), IIS Aragon/University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
| | - Martin Villalba
- INSERM U1040, Université de Montpellier 1, UFR Médecine, Montpellier F-34295, France; Institut de Recherche en Biothérapie (IRB), CHU Montpellier, Montpellier 34295, France.
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MiRNA-296-3p-ICAM-1 axis promotes metastasis of prostate cancer by possible enhancing survival of natural killer cell-resistant circulating tumour cells. Cell Death Dis 2013; 4:e928. [PMID: 24263102 PMCID: PMC3847334 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2013.458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Revised: 10/06/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are important in host to eliminate circulating tumour cells (CTCs) in turn preventing the development of tumour cells into metastasis but the mechanisms are very poorly defined. Here we find that the expression level of miR-296-3p is much lower in the non-metastatic human prostate cancer (PCa) cell line P69 than that in the highly metastatic cell line M12, which is derived from P69. We demonstrate that miR-296-3p directly targets and inhibits the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) in the malignant M12. The data from clinical tissue microarrays also show that miR-296-3p is frequently upregulated and ICAM-1 is reversely downregulated in PCa. Interestingly, ectopic expression of miR-296-3p in P69 increases the tolerance to NK cells whereas knockdown of miR-296-3p in M12 reduces the resistance to NK cells, which both phenotypes can be rescued by re-expression or silencing of ICAM-1 in P69 and M12, respectively. These results are also manifested in vivo by the decrease in the incidence of pulmonary tumour metastasis exhibited by knockdown of miR-296-3p in M12 when injected into athymic nude mice via tail vein, and consistently down-expression of ICAM-1 reverses this to increase extravasation of CTCs into lungs. Above results suggest that this newly identified miR-296-3p-ICAM-1 axis has a pivotal role in mediating PCa metastasis by possible enhancing survival of NK cell-resistant CTC. Our findings provide novel potential targets for PCa therapy and prognosis.
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