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Zhuang L, Ye Z, Li L, Yang L, Gong W. Next-Generation TB Vaccines: Progress, Challenges, and Prospects. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1304. [PMID: 37631874 PMCID: PMC10457792 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11081304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), is a prevalent global infectious disease and a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Currently, the only available vaccine for TB prevention is Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG). However, BCG demonstrates limited efficacy, particularly in adults. Efforts to develop effective TB vaccines have been ongoing for nearly a century. In this review, we have examined the current obstacles in TB vaccine research and emphasized the significance of understanding the interaction mechanism between MTB and hosts in order to provide new avenues for research and establish a solid foundation for the development of novel vaccines. We have also assessed various TB vaccine candidates, including inactivated vaccines, attenuated live vaccines, subunit vaccines, viral vector vaccines, DNA vaccines, and the emerging mRNA vaccines as well as virus-like particle (VLP)-based vaccines, which are currently in preclinical stages or clinical trials. Furthermore, we have discussed the challenges and opportunities associated with developing different types of TB vaccines and outlined future directions for TB vaccine research, aiming to expedite the development of effective vaccines. This comprehensive review offers a summary of the progress made in the field of novel TB vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhuang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, Eighth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100091, China
- Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Zhaoyang Ye
- Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Linsheng Li
- Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Ling Yang
- Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Wenping Gong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Techniques of Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment, Senior Department of Tuberculosis, Eighth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100091, China
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2
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Arévalo B, Serafín V, Garranzo-Asensio M, Montero-Calle A, Barderas R, Yáñez-Sedeño P, Campuzano S, Pingarrón JM. Anti-double stranded DNA antibodies: Electrochemical isotyping in autoimmune and neurological diseases. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1257:341153. [PMID: 37062567 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
This work reports the first amperometric biosensor for the simultaneous determination of the single or total content of the most relevant human immunoglobulin isotypes (hIgs) of anti-dsDNA antibodies, dsDNA-hIgG, dsDNA-hIgM, dsDNA-hIgA and dsDNA-three hIgs, which are considered relevant biomarkers in prevalent autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) as well as of interest in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). The bioplatform involves the use of neutravidin-functionalized magnetic microparticles (NA-MBs) modified with a laboratory-prepared biotinylated human double-stranded DNA (b-dsDNA) for the efficient capture of specific autoantibodies that are enzymatically labeled with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) enzyme using specific secondary antibodies for each isotype or a mixture of secondary antibodies for the total content of the three isotypes. Transduction was performed by amperometry (-0.20 V vs. the Ag pseudo-reference electrode) using the H2O2/hydroquinone (HQ) system after trapping the resulting magnetic bioconjugates on each of the four working electrodes of a disposable quadruple transduction platform (SP4CEs). The bioplatform demonstrated attractive operational characteristics for clinical application and was employed to determine the individual or total hIgs classes in serum from healthy individuals and from patients diagnosed with SLE and AD. The target concentrations in AD patients are provided for the first time in this work. In addition, the results for SLE patients and control individuals agree with those obtained by applying ELISA tests as well as with the clinical ranges reported by other authors, using individual detection methodologies restricted to centralized settings or clinical laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Arévalo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28014, Madrid, Spain
| | - Verónica Serafín
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28014, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Garranzo-Asensio
- Chronic Disease Programme, UFIEC, Institute of Health Carlos III, Majadahonda, 28220, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Montero-Calle
- Chronic Disease Programme, UFIEC, Institute of Health Carlos III, Majadahonda, 28220, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Barderas
- Chronic Disease Programme, UFIEC, Institute of Health Carlos III, Majadahonda, 28220, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Yáñez-Sedeño
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28014, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Susana Campuzano
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28014, Madrid, Spain.
| | - José M Pingarrón
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, 28014, Madrid, Spain
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3
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Maz MP, Martens JWS, Hannoudi A, Reddy AL, Hile GA, Kahlenberg JM. Recent advances in cutaneous lupus. J Autoimmun 2022; 132:102865. [PMID: 35858957 PMCID: PMC10082587 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2022.102865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) is an inflammatory and autoimmune skin condition that affects patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and exists as an isolated entity without associated SLE. Flares of CLE, often triggered by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light result in lost productivity and poor quality of life for patients and can be associated with trigger of systemic inflammation. In the past 10 years, the knowledge of CLE etiopathogenesis has grown, leading to promising targets for better therapies. Development of lesions likely begins in a pro-inflammatory epidermis, conditioned by excess type I interferon (IFN) production to undergo increased cell death and inflammatory cytokine production after UV light exposure. The reasons for this inflammatory predisposition are not well-understood, but may be an early event, as ANA + patients without criteria for autoimmune disease exhibit similar (although less robust) findings. Non-lesional skin of SLE patients also exhibits increased innate immune cell infiltration, conditioned by excess IFNs to release pro-inflammatory cytokines, and potentially increase activation of the adaptive immune system. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells are also found in non-lesional skin and may contribute to type I IFN production, although this finding is now being questioned by new data. Once the inflammatory cycle begins, lesional infiltration by numerous other cell populations ensues, including IFN-educated T cells. The heterogeneity amongst lesional CLE subtypes isn't fully understood, but B cells appear to discriminate discoid lupus erythematosus from other subtypes. Continued discovery will provide novel targets for additional therapeutic pursuits. This review will comprehensively discuss the contributions of tissue-specific and immune cell populations to the initiation and propagation of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra P Maz
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Program in Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Jacob W S Martens
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Program in Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Andrew Hannoudi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Alayka L Reddy
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Grace A Hile
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - J Michelle Kahlenberg
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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4
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Lou H, Ling GS, Cao X. Autoantibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus: From immunopathology to therapeutic target. J Autoimmun 2022; 132:102861. [PMID: 35872103 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2022.102861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by multiple organ inflammatory damage and wide spectrum of autoantibodies. The autoantibodies, especially anti-dsDNA and anti-Sm autoantibodies are highly specific to SLE, and participate in the immune complex formation and inflammatory damage on multiple end-organs such as kidney, skin, and central nervous system (CNS). However, the underlying mechanisms of autoantibody-induced tissue damage and systemic inflammation are still not fully understood. Single cell analysis of autoreactive B cells and monoclonal antibody screening from patients with active SLE has improved our understanding on the origin of autoreactive B cells and the antigen targets of the pathogenic autoantibodies. B cell depletion therapies have been widely studied in the clinics, but the development of more specific therapies against the pathogenic B cell subset and autoantibodies with improved efficacy and safety still remain a big challenge. A more comprehensive autoantibody profiling combined with functional characterization of autoantibodies in diseases development will shed new insights on the etiology and pathogenesis of SLE and guide a specific treatment to individual SLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hantao Lou
- Ludwig Institute of Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DR, UK; Chinese Academy for Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK.
| | - Guang Sheng Ling
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xuetao Cao
- Chinese Academy for Medical Sciences Oxford Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, UK; Nankai-Oxford International Advanced Institute, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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5
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Dörner T, van Vollenhoven RF, Doria A, Jia B, Ross Terres JA, Silk ME, de Bono S, Fischer P, Wallace DJ. Baricitinib decreases anti-dsDNA in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: results from a phase II double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Arthritis Res Ther 2022; 24:112. [PMID: 35578304 PMCID: PMC9109322 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-022-02794-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have substantial unmet medical need. Baricitinib is a Janus kinase (JAK)1 and 2 inhibitor that was shown to have therapeutic benefit in patients with SLE in a phase II clinical trial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the median change from baseline in conventional serologic biomarkers in subgroups and the overall population of baricitinib-treated patients with SLE, and the SLE Responder Index-4 (SRI-4) response by normalization of anti-dsDNA. Methods Data were assessed from the phase II trial I4V-MC-JAHH (NCT02708095). The median change from baseline in anti-dsDNA, IgG, and other conventional serologic markers was evaluated over time in patients who had elevated levels of markers at baseline, and in all patients for IgG. Median change from baseline for baricitinib treatments were compared with placebo. Among patients who were anti-dsDNA positive at baseline, SRI-4 responder rate was compared for those who stayed positive or achieved normal levels by week 24. Results Significant decreases of anti-dsDNA antibodies were observed in response to baricitinib 2 mg and 4 mg compared to placebo beginning at weeks 2 (baricitinib 2 mg = − 14.3 IU/mL, placebo = 0.1 IU/mL) and 4 (baricitinib 4 mg = − 17.9 IU/mL, placebo = 0.02 IU/mL), respectively, continuing through week 24 (baricitinib 2 mg = − 29.6 IU/mL, baricitinib 4 mg = − 15.1 IU/mL, placebo=3.0 IU/mL). Significant reductions from baseline of IgG levels were found for baricitinib 4 mg-treated patients compared to placebo at weeks 12 (baricitinib 4 mg = − 0.65 g/L, placebo = 0.09 g/L) and 24 (baricitinib 4 mg = − 0.60 g/L, placebo = − 0.04 g/L). For patients who were anti-dsDNA positive at baseline, no relationship between achieving SRI-4 responder and normalization of anti-dsDNA was observed by week 24. Conclusions Baricitinib treatment resulted in a rapid and sustained significant decrease in anti-dsDNA antibodies compared to placebo among those with positive anti-dsDNA antibodies at baseline, as well as a significant decrease in IgG levels in the 4 mg group at weeks 12 and 24. These data suggest that baricitinib may influence B cell activity in SLE. Further studies are needed to evaluate if reductions in anti-dsDNA levels with baricitinib treatment reflect the impact of baricitinib on B cell activity. Trial registration NCT02708095. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13075-022-02794-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Dörner
- Department Medicine/Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charite - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum (DRFZ), Chariteplatz, 01 10117, Berlin, Germany.
| | | | | | - Bochao Jia
- Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Daniel J Wallace
- Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by diverse serological autoantibodies. Anti-dsDNA antibodies are involved in multiple organ damage, especially the kidney, skin, and central nervous system. Anti-dsDNA antibodies play a pivotal role in SLE, and researchers have developed therapeutic strategies targeting these antibodies. Approaches to reduce anti-dsDNA antibodies via B cell targeted biologics against B cell surface antigens, B cell survival factors, or Bruton's tyrosine kinase have effectively eliminated B cells. However, their non-specific depletion hampers normal immune system functioning and limits the therapeutic benefits. Thus, scientists have attempted anti-dsDNA antibodies or lupus-specific strategies, such as the immature dendritic cell vaccine and immunoadsorption. Recently, synthetic mimic peptides (hCDR1, pCONs, DWEYS, FISLE-412, and ALW) that directly block anti-dsDNA autoantibodies have attracted attention, which could ameliorate lupus, decrease the serological autoantibody titer, reduce the deposition of renal autoantibodies, and improve pathological performance. These potent small peptide molecules are well tolerated, non-toxic, and non-immunogenic, which have demonstrated a benign safety profile and are expected to be hopeful candidates for SLE management. In this review, we clarify the role of anti-dsDNA antibodies in SLE, mainly focus on the current strategies targeting anti-dsDNA antibodies, and discuss their potential clinical value.
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Gao ZY, Su LC, Wu QC, Sheng JE, Wang YL, Dai YF, Chen AP, He SS, Huang X, Yan GQ. Bioinformatics analyses of gene expression profile identify key genes and functional pathways involved in cutaneous lupus erythematosus. Clin Rheumatol 2021; 41:437-452. [PMID: 34553293 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-021-05913-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disease that causes damage to multiple organs ranging from skin lesions to systemic manifestations. Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) is a common type of lupus erythematosus (LE), but its molecular mechanisms are currently unknown. The study aimed to explore changes in the gene expression profiles and identify key genes involved in CLE, hoping to uncover its molecular mechanism and identify new targets for CLE. METHOD We analyzed the microarray dataset (GSE109248) derived from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, which was a transcriptome profiling of CLE cutaneous lesions. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, and the functional annotation of DEGs was performed with Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was also constructed to identify hub genes involved in CLE. RESULT A total of 755 up-regulated DEGs and 405 down-regulated DEGs were identified. GO enrichment analysis showed that defense response to virus, immune response, and type I interferon signaling pathway were the most significant enrichment items in DEGs. The KEGG pathway analysis identified 51 significant enrichment pathways, which mainly included systemic lupus erythematosus, osteoclast differentiation, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and primary immunodeficiency. Based on the PPI network, the study identified the top 10 hub genes involved in CLE, which were CXCL10, CCR7, FPR3, PPARGC1A, MMP9, IRF7, IL2RG, SOCS1, ISG15, and GSTM3. By comparison between subtypes, the results showed that ACLE had the least DEGs, while CCLE showed the most gene and functional changes. CONCLUSION The identified hub genes and functional pathways found in this study may expand our understanding on the underlying pathogenesis of CLE and provide new insights into potential biomarkers or targets for the diagnosis and treatment of CLE. Key Points • The bioinformatics analysis based on CLE patients and healthy controls was performed and 1160 DEGs were identified • The 1160 DEGs were mainly enriched in biological processes related to immune responses, including innate immune response, type I interferon signaling pathway, interferon-γ-mediated signaling pathway, positive regulation of T cell proliferation, regulation of immune response, antigen processing, and presentation via MHC class Ib and so on • KEGG pathway enrichment analysis indicated that DEGs were mainly enriched in several immune-related diseases and virus infection, including systemic lupus erythematosus, primary immunodeficiency, herpes simplex infection, measles, influenza A, and so on • The hub genes such as CXCL10, IRF7, MMP9, CCR7, and SOCS1 may become new markers or targets for the diagnosis and treatment of CLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Yu Gao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei Province, China. .,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Lin-Chong Su
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei Province, China.,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qing-Chao Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei Province, China.,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jiao-E Sheng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei Province, China.,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yun-Long Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei Province, China.,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yu-Fang Dai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei Province, China.,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei Province, China
| | - An-Ping Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei Province, China.,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei Province, China
| | - San-Shan He
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei Province, China.,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xia Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei Province, China.,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei Province, China
| | - Guo-Qing Yan
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei Province, China.,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei Province, China
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Patiño-Trives AM, Pérez-Sánchez C, Pérez-Sánchez L, Luque-Tévar M, Ábalos-Aguilera MC, Alcaide-Ruggiero L, Arias-de la Rosa I, Román-Rodríguez C, Seguí P, Espinosa M, Font P, Barbarroja N, Escudero-Contreras A, Antonio González-Reyes J, Manuel Villalba J, Collantes-Estévez E, Aguirre-Zamorano MÁ, López-Pedrera C. Anti-dsDNA Antibodies Increase the Cardiovascular Risk in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Promoting a Distinctive Immune and Vascular Activation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:2417-2430. [PMID: 34320837 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.315928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is associated to boosted atherosclerosis development and a higher cardiovascular disease risk. This study aimed to delineate the role of anti-double stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibodies on the molecular profile and the activity of immune and vascular cells, as well as on their enhanced cardiovascular risk. Approach and Results Eighty SLE patients were included. Extensive clinical/analytical evaluation was performed, including cardiovascular disease parameters (endothelial function, proatherogenic dyslipidemia, and carotid intima-media thickness). Gene and protein expression profiles were evaluated in monocytes from patients diagnosed positive or negative for anti-dsDNA antibodies by using NanoString and cytokine arrays, respectively. NETosis and circulating inflammatory profile was assessed in both neutrophils and plasma. Positivity and persistence of anti-dsDNA antibodies in SLE patients were associated to endothelial dysfunction, proatherogenic dyslipidemia, and accelerated atherosclerosis. In parallel, anti-dsDNA antibodies were linked to the aberrant activation of innate immune cells, so that anti-dsDNA(+) SLE monocytes showed distinctive gene and protein expression/activity profiles, and neutrophils were more prone to suffer NETosis in comparison with anti-dsDNA(−) patients. Anti-dsDNA(+) patients further displayed altered levels of numerous circulating mediators related to inflammation, NETosis, and cardiovascular risk. In vitro, Ig-dsDNA promoted NETosis on neutrophils, apoptosis on monocytes, modulated the expression of inflammation and thrombosis-related molecules, and induced endothelial activation, at least partially, by FcR (Fc receptor)-binding mechanisms. Conclusions Anti-dsDNA antibodies increase the cardiovascular risk of SLE patients by altering key molecular processes that drive a distinctive and coordinated immune and vascular activation, representing a potential tool in the management of this comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra María Patiño-Trives
- Rheumatology Service (A.M.P.-T., C.P.-S., L.P.-S., M.L.-T., M.C.A.-A., L.A.-R., I.A.-d.l.R., C.R.-R., P.F., N.B., A.E.-C., E.C.-E., M.Á.A.-Z., C.L.-P.), Reina Sofia Hospital/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba/University of Cordoba, Spain
| | - Carlos Pérez-Sánchez
- Rheumatology Service (A.M.P.-T., C.P.-S., L.P.-S., M.L.-T., M.C.A.-A., L.A.-R., I.A.-d.l.R., C.R.-R., P.F., N.B., A.E.-C., E.C.-E., M.Á.A.-Z., C.L.-P.), Reina Sofia Hospital/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba/University of Cordoba, Spain.,Deparment of Cell Biology, Immunology and Physiology, University of Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario ceiA3, Spain (C.P.-S., J.A.G.-R., J.M.V.)
| | - Laura Pérez-Sánchez
- Rheumatology Service (A.M.P.-T., C.P.-S., L.P.-S., M.L.-T., M.C.A.-A., L.A.-R., I.A.-d.l.R., C.R.-R., P.F., N.B., A.E.-C., E.C.-E., M.Á.A.-Z., C.L.-P.), Reina Sofia Hospital/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba/University of Cordoba, Spain
| | - María Luque-Tévar
- Rheumatology Service (A.M.P.-T., C.P.-S., L.P.-S., M.L.-T., M.C.A.-A., L.A.-R., I.A.-d.l.R., C.R.-R., P.F., N.B., A.E.-C., E.C.-E., M.Á.A.-Z., C.L.-P.), Reina Sofia Hospital/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba/University of Cordoba, Spain
| | - M Carmen Ábalos-Aguilera
- Rheumatology Service (A.M.P.-T., C.P.-S., L.P.-S., M.L.-T., M.C.A.-A., L.A.-R., I.A.-d.l.R., C.R.-R., P.F., N.B., A.E.-C., E.C.-E., M.Á.A.-Z., C.L.-P.), Reina Sofia Hospital/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba/University of Cordoba, Spain
| | - Lourdes Alcaide-Ruggiero
- Rheumatology Service (A.M.P.-T., C.P.-S., L.P.-S., M.L.-T., M.C.A.-A., L.A.-R., I.A.-d.l.R., C.R.-R., P.F., N.B., A.E.-C., E.C.-E., M.Á.A.-Z., C.L.-P.), Reina Sofia Hospital/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba/University of Cordoba, Spain
| | - Iván Arias-de la Rosa
- Rheumatology Service (A.M.P.-T., C.P.-S., L.P.-S., M.L.-T., M.C.A.-A., L.A.-R., I.A.-d.l.R., C.R.-R., P.F., N.B., A.E.-C., E.C.-E., M.Á.A.-Z., C.L.-P.), Reina Sofia Hospital/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba/University of Cordoba, Spain
| | - Cristóbal Román-Rodríguez
- Rheumatology Service (A.M.P.-T., C.P.-S., L.P.-S., M.L.-T., M.C.A.-A., L.A.-R., I.A.-d.l.R., C.R.-R., P.F., N.B., A.E.-C., E.C.-E., M.Á.A.-Z., C.L.-P.), Reina Sofia Hospital/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba/University of Cordoba, Spain
| | - Pedro Seguí
- Radiology Service (P.S.), Reina Sofia Hospital/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba/University of Cordoba, Spain
| | - Mario Espinosa
- Nephrology Service (M.E.), Reina Sofia Hospital/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba/University of Cordoba, Spain
| | - Pilar Font
- Rheumatology Service (A.M.P.-T., C.P.-S., L.P.-S., M.L.-T., M.C.A.-A., L.A.-R., I.A.-d.l.R., C.R.-R., P.F., N.B., A.E.-C., E.C.-E., M.Á.A.-Z., C.L.-P.), Reina Sofia Hospital/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba/University of Cordoba, Spain
| | - Nuria Barbarroja
- Rheumatology Service (A.M.P.-T., C.P.-S., L.P.-S., M.L.-T., M.C.A.-A., L.A.-R., I.A.-d.l.R., C.R.-R., P.F., N.B., A.E.-C., E.C.-E., M.Á.A.-Z., C.L.-P.), Reina Sofia Hospital/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba/University of Cordoba, Spain
| | - Alejandro Escudero-Contreras
- Rheumatology Service (A.M.P.-T., C.P.-S., L.P.-S., M.L.-T., M.C.A.-A., L.A.-R., I.A.-d.l.R., C.R.-R., P.F., N.B., A.E.-C., E.C.-E., M.Á.A.-Z., C.L.-P.), Reina Sofia Hospital/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba/University of Cordoba, Spain
| | - José Antonio González-Reyes
- Deparment of Cell Biology, Immunology and Physiology, University of Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario ceiA3, Spain (C.P.-S., J.A.G.-R., J.M.V.)
| | - José Manuel Villalba
- Deparment of Cell Biology, Immunology and Physiology, University of Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario ceiA3, Spain (C.P.-S., J.A.G.-R., J.M.V.)
| | - Eduardo Collantes-Estévez
- Rheumatology Service (A.M.P.-T., C.P.-S., L.P.-S., M.L.-T., M.C.A.-A., L.A.-R., I.A.-d.l.R., C.R.-R., P.F., N.B., A.E.-C., E.C.-E., M.Á.A.-Z., C.L.-P.), Reina Sofia Hospital/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba/University of Cordoba, Spain
| | - M Ángeles Aguirre-Zamorano
- Rheumatology Service (A.M.P.-T., C.P.-S., L.P.-S., M.L.-T., M.C.A.-A., L.A.-R., I.A.-d.l.R., C.R.-R., P.F., N.B., A.E.-C., E.C.-E., M.Á.A.-Z., C.L.-P.), Reina Sofia Hospital/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba/University of Cordoba, Spain
| | - Chary López-Pedrera
- Rheumatology Service (A.M.P.-T., C.P.-S., L.P.-S., M.L.-T., M.C.A.-A., L.A.-R., I.A.-d.l.R., C.R.-R., P.F., N.B., A.E.-C., E.C.-E., M.Á.A.-Z., C.L.-P.), Reina Sofia Hospital/Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba/University of Cordoba, Spain
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9
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Gudjonsson JE, Kabashima K, Eyerich K. Mechanisms of skin autoimmunity: Cellular and soluble immune components of the skin. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 146:8-16. [PMID: 32631499 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2020.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are driven by either T cells or antibodies reacting specifically to 1 or more self-antigens. Although a number of self-antigens associated with skin diseases have been identified, the causative antigen(s) remains unknown in the great majority of skin diseases suspected to be autoimmune driven. Model diseases such as pemphigus, dermatitis herpetiformis, and more recently psoriasis have added greatly to our understanding of skin autoimmunity. Depending on the dominant T- or B-cell phenotype, skin autoimmune diseases usually follow 1 of 6 immune response patterns: lichenoid, eczematous, bullous, psoriatic, fibrogenic, or granulomatous. Usually, skin autoimmunity develops as a consequence of several events-an altered microbiome, inherited dysfunctional immunity, antigens activating innate immunity, epigenetic modifications, sex predisposition, and impact of antigens either as neoantigen or through molecular mimicry. This review summarizes currently known antigens of skin autoimmune diseases and discusses mechanisms of skin autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kenji Kabashima
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kilian Eyerich
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine Solna, and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Unit of Dermatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
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10
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Li R, Jia F, Ren K, Luo M, Min X, Xiao S, Xia Y. Fibroblast growth factor inducible 14 signaling facilitates anti-dsDNA IgG penetration into mesangial cells. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:249-259. [PMID: 32542768 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Anti-double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) antibodies induce renal damage in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus by triggering fibrotic processes in kidney cells. However, the precise mechanism underlying penetration of anti-dsDNA immunoglubolin G (IgG) into cells remains unclear. This study was designed to investigate the effect of tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK)/fibroblast growth factor inducible 14 (Fn14) signaling on anti-dsDNA IgG penetration into cells. Mesangial cells were cultured in vitro, and stimulated with TWEAK and anti-dsDNA IgG. The results revealed that TWEAK dose-dependently enhanced cellular internalization of anti-dsDNA IgG and the expression of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1). In addition, TWEAK and anti-dsDNA IgG synthetically downregulate suppressor of cytokine signaling 1, and induce the expression of various fibrotic factors. Furthermore, inhibition of HMGB1 attenuates the enhancement effect of TWEAK on anti-dsDNA IgG internalization. The TWEAK upregulation of HMGB1 involves the nuclear factor-κB and phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B pathways. Therefore, TWEAK/Fn14 signaling contributes to the penetration of anti-dsDNA IgG and relevant fibrotic processes in mesangial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruilian Li
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fangyan Jia
- Department of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kaixuan Ren
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mai Luo
- Core Research Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoyun Min
- Core Research Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shengxiang Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yumin Xia
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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11
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Chen J, Jia F, Ren K, Luo M, Min X, Wang P, Xiao S, Xia Y. Inhibition of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 mediates the profibrotic effect of TWEAK/Fn14 signaling on kidney cells. Cell Signal 2020; 71:109615. [PMID: 32217132 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) engagement with the receptor Fn14 contributes to the fibrotic process of kidney cells in systemic lupus erythematosus. Downregulation of the protein suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) correlates with amplified production of proinflammatory factors and cell apoptosis, which participate in the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis. To elucidate the potential role of SOCS1 in TWEAK/Fn14 signaling, we determined the SOCS1 levels in primary kidney cells from MRL/MpJ (control strain) or MRL/lpr (lupus-prone) mice. These cells (mesangial cells, glomerular endothelial cells, and tubular epithelial cells) were also evaluated after stimulation with TWEAK (0 to 250 ng/mL). The results showed that the lupus-prone cells exhibited reduced SOCS1 expression. TWEAK induced the production of profibrotic factors (laminin, fibronectin, (CC motif) ligand 20, etc.) in kidney cells from both mouse strains. TWEAK stimulation also decreased both the mRNA and protein levels of SOCS1 in all cells. Moreover, the effect of TWEAK on mesangial cells was amplified by pre-transfection of SOCS1 siRNA but was partly reduced with SOCS1 overexpression by adenoviral delivery. Therefore, TWEAK/Fn14 activation contributes to renal fibrosis in lupus nephritis involving the depression of SOCS1 function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyun Chen
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Fangyan Jia
- Department of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Kaixuan Ren
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Mai Luo
- Core Research Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Xiaoyun Min
- Core Research Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Shengxiang Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China
| | - Yumin Xia
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, China.
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12
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Wang X, Xia Y. Anti-double Stranded DNA Antibodies: Origin, Pathogenicity, and Targeted Therapies. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1667. [PMID: 31379858 PMCID: PMC6650533 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by high-titer serological autoantibodies, including antibodies that bind to double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). The origin, specificity, and pathogenicity of anti-dsDNA antibodies have been studied from a wider perspective. These autoantibodies have been suggested to contribute to multiple end-organ injuries, especially to lupus nephritis, in patients with SLE. Moreover, serum levels of anti-DNA antibodies fluctuate with disease activity in patients with SLE. By directly binding to self-antigens or indirectly forming immune complexes, anti-dsDNA antibodies can accumulate in the glomerular and tubular basement membrane. These autoantibodies can also trigger the complement cascade, penetrate into living cells, modulate gene expression, and even induce profibrotic phenotypes of renal cells. In addition, the expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 is reduced by anti-DNA antibodies simultaneously with upregulation of profibrotic genes. Anti-dsDNA antibodies may even participate in the pathogenesis of SLE by catalyzing hydrolysis of certain DNA molecules or peptides in cells. Recently, anti-dsDNA antibodies have been explored in greater depth as a therapeutic target in the management of SLE. A substantial amount of data indicates that blockade of pathogenic anti-dsDNA antibodies can prevent or even reverse organ damage in murine models of SLE. This review focuses on the recent research advances regarding the origin, specificity, classification, and pathogenicity of anti-dsDNA antibodies and highlights the emerging therapies associated with them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yumin Xia
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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DNA Damage and Deficiencies in the Mechanisms of Its Repair: Implications in the Pathogenesis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:8214379. [PMID: 30116756 PMCID: PMC6079408 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8214379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a perplexing and potentially severe disease, the pathogenesis of which is yet to be understood. SLE is considered to be a multifactorial disease, in which genetic factors, immune dysregulation, and environmental factors, such as ultraviolet radiation, are involved. Recently, the description of novel genes conferring susceptibility to develop SLE even in their own (monogenic lupus) has raised the interest in DNA dynamics since many of these genes are linked to DNA repair. Damage to DNA induces an inflammatory response and eventually triggers an immune response, including those targeting self-antigens. We review the evidence that indicates that patients with SLE present higher levels of DNA damage than normal subjects do and that several proteins involved in the preservation of the genomic stability show polymorphisms, some of which increase the risk for SLE development. Also, the experience from animal models reinforces the connection between DNA damage and defective repair in the development of SLE-like disease including characteristic features such as anti-DNA antibodies and nephritis. Defining the role of DNA damage response in SLE pathogenesis might be strategic in the quest for novel therapies.
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