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Zhu X, Wu T, Chi Y, Ge Y, Jiao Y, Zhu F, Cui L. MicroRNA-195 suppresses enterovirus A71-induced pyroptosis in human neuroblastoma cells through targeting NLRX1. Virus Res 2020; 292:198245. [PMID: 33253716 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) emerged as a leading cause of virus derived infant encephalitis in most Asian countries. Some recent studies point out the critical role of microRNA (miRNA) in the regulation of pyroptosis. However, the role of miRNAs in the regulation of EV-A71 infection-induced pyroptosis was not previously explored. In this study, we utilized microRNA array and real-time PCR to verify that miR-195 significantly down-regulate in EV-A71-infected SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. An inverse correlation of NLRX1 with miR-195 expression in EV-A71-infected SH-SY5Y cells was found. Target prediction of miR-195 showed that NLRX1 could directly interact with miR-195. Results from luciferase reporter assays, qRT-PCR and western blotting demonstrated the negative regulation between miR-195 and NLRX1. Silencing NLRX1 expression with small interfering RNAs (siRNAs-NLRX1) and over-expression of miR-195 also attenuate the EV-A71 associated pyroptosis. Our findings provided evidence showed that miR-195 can regulate EV-A71 infection-induced pyroptosis, by directly targeting NLRX1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Zhu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Tao Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ying Chi
- NHC Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yiyue Ge
- NHC Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yongjun Jiao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Fengcai Zhu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lunbiao Cui
- NHC Key Laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China.
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2
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Cai M, Li S, Shuai Y, Li J, Tan J, Zeng Q. Genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 viability screen reveals genes involved in TNF-α-induced apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:9184-9193. [PMID: 30317623 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), a pivotal cytokine in sepsis, protects the host against pathogens by promoting an inflammatory response while simultaneously inducing apoptosis of the vascular endothelium. Unfortunately, inhibitors targeting certain components of the TNF-α signaling pathway to reduce cellular apoptosis have failed to translate into clinical applications, partly due to the adverse effects of excessive immunosuppression. In an attempt to discover potential targets in the TNF-α signaling pathway to modulate moderate inflammation and apoptosis during the development of sepsis, we performed a pooled genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 knockout screen in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A (TNFRSF1A), B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2), Bcl2-associated death promoter (BAD), and NLR family member X1 (NLRX1) deficiencies were identified as the effective genetic suppressors of TNF-α cytotoxicity on a list of candidate regulators. CRISPR-mediated NLRX1 knockout conferred cellular resistance to challenge with TNF-α, and NLRX1 could be induced to colocalize with mitochondria following TNF-α stimulation. Thus, our work demonstrates the advantage of genome-scale screening with Cas9 and validates NLRX1 as a potential modulator of TNF-α-induced vascular endothelial apoptosis during sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Cai
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sitao Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunfei Shuai
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Li
- Center for Medical Genetics and School of Life Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jieqiong Tan
- Center for Medical Genetics and School of Life Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiyi Zeng
- Department of Pediatrics, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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3
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Liu Y, Tang N, Cao K, Wang S, Tang S, Su H, Zhou J. Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy Promotes Wound Healing by Enhancing Angiogenesis Through Suppression of NLRX1 via miR-195 Upregulation. INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2018; 17:144-150. [PMID: 30141361 DOI: 10.1177/1534734618794856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is one of the most advanced therapeutic methods in the treatment of various hard-to-heal acute and refractory chronic wounds. Recent emerging evidence points to a role of the microRNA-mediated regulation of angiogenesis in ischemic tissues, and a series of microRNAs associated with angiogenesis have been successively identified. In this study, we found that miR-195 expression was significantly upregulated and the microvessel density (MVD) was increased in granulation tissue collected 7 days after NPWT compared with those in the pre-NPWT tissue. Moreover, the expression of NLRX1, the potential target gene of miR-195, was down-regulated in post-NPWT compared with that in pre-NPWT tissue. Significant negative correlations were detected between miR-195 and NLRX1 expression levels ( r = -.856, P < .001) and between NLRX1 expression and MVD ( r = -.618, P < .05), whereas miR-195 expression was positively correlated with MVD in the granulation tissue ( r = .630, P < .05). In summary, NPWT may suppress NLRX1 expression through the upregulation of miR-195 expression, thus efficaciously promoting angiogenesis in the granulation tissue to enhance wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- 1 Central South University Third Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- 2 Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia China
| | - Ningning Tang
- 1 Central South University Third Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
- 3 Xiangya Changde Hospital, Changde, Hunan Province, China
| | - Ke Cao
- 1 Central South University Third Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Shaohua Wang
- 1 Central South University Third Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Sijie Tang
- 4 The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Honghui Su
- 1 Central South University Third Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Jianda Zhou
- 1 Central South University Third Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
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4
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Yin H, Yang Q, Cao Z, Li H, Yu Z, Zhang G, Sun G, Man R, Wang H, Li J. Activation of NLRX1-mediated autophagy accelerates the ototoxic potential of cisplatin in auditory cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2018; 343:16-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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5
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Marín-Aguilar F, Ruiz-Cabello J, Cordero MD. Aging and the Inflammasomes. EXPERIENTIA SUPPLEMENTUM (2012) 2018; 108:303-320. [PMID: 30536177 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-89390-7_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The inflammasomes are innate immune system sensors that control the activation of caspase-1 and induce inflammation in response to infectious microbes and molecules originating from host proteins, leading to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, Il1b and IL18, and a particular inflammatory type of cell death termed pyroptosis. It is broadly considered that chronic inflammation may be a common link in age-related diseases, aging being the greatest risk factor for the development of chronic diseases. In this sense, we discuss the role of inflammasomes in non-infectious inflammation and their interest in aging and age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Marín-Aguilar
- Research Laboratory, Oral Medicine Department, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jesús Ruiz-Cabello
- CIC biomaGUNE, San Sebastian-Donostia, Spain, Madrid, Spain
- CIC biomaGUNE, Madrid, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Biscay, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
- Universidad Complutense Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario D Cordero
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, Armilla, Spain.
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NLRX1 modulates differentially NLRP3 inflammasome activation and NF-κB signaling during Fusobacterium nucleatum infection. Microbes Infect 2017; 20:615-625. [PMID: 29024797 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2017.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
NOD-like receptors (NLRs) play a large role in regulation of host innate immunity, yet their role in periodontitis remains to be defined. NLRX1, a member of the NLR family that localizes to mitochondria, enhances mitochondrial ROS (mROS) generation. mROS can activate the NLRP3 inflammasome, yet the role of NLRX1 in NLRP3 inflammasome activation has not been examined. In this study, we revealed the mechanism by which NLRX1 positively regulates ATP-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation through mROS in gingival epithelial cells (GECs). We found that depletion of NLRX1 by shRNA attenuated ATP-induced mROS generation and redistribution of the NLRP3 inflammasome adaptor protein, ASC. Furthermore, depletion of NLRX1 inhibited Fusobacterium nucleatum infection-activated caspase-1, suggesting that it also inhibits the NLRP3 inflammasome. Conversely, NLRX1 also acted as a negative regulator of NF-κB signaling and IL-8 expression. Thus, NLRX1 stimulates detection of the pathogen F. nucleatum via the inflammasome, while dampening cytokine production. We expect that commensals should not activate the inflammasome, and NLRX1 should decrease their ability to stimulate expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-8. Therefore, NLRX1 may act as a potential switch with regards to anti-microbial responses in healthy or diseased states in the oral cavity.
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Yin H, Sun G, Yang Q, Chen C, Qi Q, Wang H, Li J. NLRX1 accelerates cisplatin-induced ototoxity in HEI-OC1 cells via promoting generation of ROS and activation of JNK signaling pathway. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44311. [PMID: 28287190 PMCID: PMC5347132 DOI: 10.1038/srep44311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich-repeat-containing family member X1 (NLRX1), located in mitochondria, can recognize cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptors and is tightly related to reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitochondrial function, apoptosis and inflammation. The present study was designed to explore whether NLRX1 expresses in HEI-OC1 cells and, if so, to investigate the possible correlations between NLRX1 and cisplatin-induced ototoxity in vitro. Here, we report that NLRX1 was specifically localized to mitochondria in the cytoplasm of HEI-OC1 cells and its expression was increased concurrent with the increase of ROS production and occurrence of apoptosis in HEI-OC1 cells in response to cisplatin stimulus. NLRX1 overexpression led to a higher apoptosis in HEI-OC1 cells treated with cisplatin, whereas, NLRX silencing decreased cisplatin induced apoptosis. Mechanistic studies showed that NLRX1 activated mitochondrial apoptosis pathway as well as promoted ROS generation and JNK activation. Either inhibition of ROS generation or JNK signaling significantly prevented NLRX1-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis in HEI-OC1cells. In addition, NLRX1 expression was confirmed in cochlear explants. The findings from this work reveal that NLRX1 sensitizes HEI-OC1 cells to cisplatin-induced apoptosis via activation of ROS/JNK signaling pathway, suggesting that NLRX1 acts as an important regulator of the cisplatin-elicited ototoxity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Yin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, P.R. China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Shandong University, Cheeloo Healthy Science Center, Jinan, 250012, P.R. China
| | - Gaoying Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, P.R. China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, 250021, P.R. China
| | - Qianqian Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, P.R. China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Shandong University, Cheeloo Healthy Science Center, Jinan, 250012, P.R. China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, P.R. China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Shandong University, Cheeloo Healthy Science Center, Jinan, 250012, P.R. China
| | - Qi Qi
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, P.R. China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Shandong University, Cheeloo Healthy Science Center, Jinan, 250012, P.R. China
| | - Haibo Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, P.R. China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, 250021, P.R. China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, P.R. China.,Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Shandong University, Cheeloo Healthy Science Center, Jinan, 250012, P.R. China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Otology, Jinan, 250021, P.R. China
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Sharma N, Jha S. NLR-regulated pathways in cancer: opportunities and obstacles for therapeutic interventions. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:1741-64. [PMID: 26708292 PMCID: PMC11108278 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-2123-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Revised: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
NLRs (nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeat containing receptors) are pattern recognition receptors associated with immunity and inflammation in response to endogenous and exogenous pathogen and damage associated molecular patterns (PAMPs and DAMPs respectively). Dysregulated NLR function is associated with several diseases including cancers, metabolic diseases, autoimmune disorders and autoinflammatory syndromes. In the last decade, distinct cell and organ specific roles for NLRs have been identified however; their roles in cancer initiation, development and progression remain controversial. This review summarizes the emerging role of NLRs in cancer and their possible future as targets for cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Sharma
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Old Residency Road, Ratanada, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342011, India
| | - Sushmita Jha
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Old Residency Road, Ratanada, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342011, India.
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Imbeault E, Mahvelati TM, Braun R, Gris P, Gris D. Nlrx1 regulates neuronal cell death. Mol Brain 2014; 7:90. [PMID: 25540124 PMCID: PMC4302421 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-014-0090-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 12/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Regulation of cell death during neurodegeneration is one of the key factors that play a role in the speed at which a disease progresses. Out of several cellular pathways responsible for this progression, necrosis and apoptosis are situated on the opposite spectrum of cell death regulation. Necrosis produces an environment that promotes inflammation and cytotoxicity and apoptosis is a highly organized process that maintains tissue homeostasis. A recently discovered protein, Nlrx1, regulates inflammatory and cell death responses during infection. Findings Using transfections of N2A cell line, we demonstrate that Nlrx1 redirects cells away from necrosis and towards an apoptotic pathway following rotenone treatments. In addition, Nlrx1 promotes DRP1 phosphorylation and increases mitochondrial fission. Conclusion Our results suggest a novel molecular pathway for regulating mitochondrial dynamics and neuronal death. Nlrx1 may play an important role in neurodegenerative diseases, where necrosis is a prominent factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Imbeault
- Program of Immunology, Department of Paediatrics, CR-CHUS, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
| | - Tara M Mahvelati
- Program of Immunology, Department of Paediatrics, CR-CHUS, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
| | - Ralf Braun
- Institut fuer Zellbiologie, Universitaet Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany.
| | - Pavel Gris
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
| | - Denis Gris
- Program of Immunology, Department of Paediatrics, CR-CHUS, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
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Abstract
Cells are equipped with mechanisms that allow them to rapidly detect and respond to viruses. These defense mechanisms rely partly on receptors that monitor the cytosol for the presence of atypical nucleic acids associated with virus infection. RIG-I-like receptors detect RNA molecules that are absent from the uninfected host. DNA receptors alert the cell to the abnormal presence of that nucleic acid in the cytosol. Signaling by RNA and DNA receptors results in the induction of restriction factors that prevent virus replication and establish cell-intrinsic antiviral immunity. In light of these formidable obstacles, viruses have evolved mechanisms of evasion, masking nucleic acid structures recognized by the host, sequestering themselves away from the cytosol or targeting host sensors, and signaling adaptors for deactivation or degradation. Here, we detail recent advances in the molecular understanding of cytosolic nucleic acid detection and its evasion by viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Goubau
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, 44 Lincoln’s Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK
| | - Safia Deddouche
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, 44 Lincoln’s Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK
| | - Caetano Reis e Sousa
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, 44 Lincoln’s Inn Fields, London WC2A 3LY, UK
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Di Virgilio F. The Therapeutic Potential of Modifying Inflammasomes and NOD-Like Receptors. Pharmacol Rev 2013; 65:872-905. [DOI: 10.1124/pr.112.006171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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