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Eddin AS, McNeely P, Saad Eldine M, Lai L, Shariftabrizi A. Dural involvement in central nervous system langerhans cells histiocytosis (LCH) on FDG PET/CT: Case report and review of CNS manifestations of LCH on PET/CT. Radiol Case Rep 2024; 19:1391-1396. [PMID: 38268737 PMCID: PMC10803779 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2023.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
We report a case of multisystem Langerhans cell histiocytosis in a pediatric patient with central nervous system involvement, highlighting F-18(FDG) uptake characteristics of dural sites of disease. We also highlight the advantages of functional data offered by FDG-PET as a useful follow-up tool to assess viability and, therefore, treatment response of previously known central nervous system lesions. The utility of recognizing characteristic patterns of FDG uptake in dural disease is also applicable in cases of diagnostic uncertainty, such as when evaluating isolated dural lesions or when distinguishing between Langerhans cell histiocytosis and similar appearing lesions such as meningiomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assim Saad Eddin
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics; Department of Radiology; Iowa city, IA 52242, USA
| | - Parren McNeely
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics; Department of Radiology; Iowa city, IA 52242, USA
| | - Mothana Saad Eldine
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics; Department of Radiology; Iowa city, IA 52242, USA
| | - Lillian Lai
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics; Department of Radiology; Iowa city, IA 52242, USA
| | - Ahmad Shariftabrizi
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics; Department of Radiology; Iowa city, IA 52242, USA
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Mousa DPV, Mavrovounis G, Argyropoulos D, Stranjalis G, Kalamatianos T. Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) in Posterior Cranial Fossa Tumors: A Scoping Review of Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:650. [PMID: 38339401 PMCID: PMC10854950 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16030650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) has been implicated in several human cancers. This review aims at mapping the available literature on the involvement of ALK in non-glial tumors localized in the posterior cranial fossa and at identifying diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic considerations. Following the PRISMA-ScR guidelines, studies were included if they investigated ALK's role in primary CNS, non-glial tumors located in the posterior cranial fossa. A total of 210 manuscripts were selected for full-text review and 16 finally met the inclusion criteria. The review included 55 cases of primary, intracranial neoplasms with ALK genetic alterations and/or protein expression, located in the posterior fossa, comprising of medulloblastoma, anaplastic large-cell lymphoma, histiocytosis, inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors, and intracranial myxoid mesenchymal tumors. ALK pathology was investigated via immunohistochemistry or genetic analysis. Several studies provided evidence for potential diagnostic and prognostic value for ALK assessment as well as therapeutic efficacy in its targeting. The available findings on ALK in posterior fossa tumors are limited. Nevertheless, previous findings suggest that ALK assessment is of diagnostic and prognostic value in medulloblastoma (WNT-activated). Interestingly, a substantial proportion of ALK-positive/altered CNS histiocytoses thus far identified have been localized in the posterior fossa. The therapeutic potential of ALK inhibition in histiocytosis warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Georgios Mavrovounis
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41334 Larissa, Greece;
- Department of Neurosurgery, Evangelismos Hospital, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10676 Athens, Greece;
| | - Dionysios Argyropoulos
- Department of Psychiatry, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece;
| | - George Stranjalis
- Department of Neurosurgery, Evangelismos Hospital, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10676 Athens, Greece;
| | - Theodosis Kalamatianos
- Department of Neurosurgery, Evangelismos Hospital, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10676 Athens, Greece;
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Tan HEI, Lakshmanan R, Warne R, Walwyn T, Roebuck D. Neuroimaging manifestations of paediatric histiocytoses. J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol 2023. [PMID: 37964685 DOI: 10.1111/1754-9485.13602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Histiocytoses are rare multi-system disorders marked by abnormal histiocyte cell proliferation, affecting children with diverse clinical presentations. Classified into five groups in 2016, including Langerhans-related (L), cutaneous (C), malignant (M), Rosai-Dorfman disease (R) and haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (H), newer entities such as ALK-positive histiocytosis have also emerged, heralding the era of molecular (sub)classification. Common entities include Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD), Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) and haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). This pictorial essay aids radiologists in recognising and differentiating paediatric histiocytoses based on unique neuroimaging features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsern Ern Ivan Tan
- Department of Medical Imaging, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Medical Imaging, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Rahul Lakshmanan
- Department of Medical Imaging, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Richard Warne
- Department of Medical Imaging, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Thomas Walwyn
- University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Oncology, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Derek Roebuck
- Department of Medical Imaging, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Giammello F, Grillo F, Granata F, Galletta K, La Spina P, Toscano A, Musolino RF. Primary CNS infiltrative parenchymal histiocytosis. Pract Neurol 2022; 22:330-331. [PMID: 35470247 DOI: 10.1136/practneurol-2022-003403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Giammello
- International PhD Translational Molecular Medicine and Surgery - Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Sicilia, Italy .,Stroke Unit - Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Sicilia, Italy
| | - Francesco Grillo
- Stroke Unit - Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Sicilia, Italy
| | - Francesca Granata
- Neuroradiology Unit - Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Sicilia, Italy
| | - Karol Galletta
- Neuroradiology Unit - Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Sicilia, Italy
| | - Paolino La Spina
- Stroke Unit - Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Sicilia, Italy
| | - Antonio Toscano
- Unit of Neurology and Neuromuscular Disorders - Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Sicilia, Italy
| | - Rosa Fortunata Musolino
- Stroke Unit - Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Sicilia, Italy
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