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Zhang X, Maddock J, Nenoff TM, Denecke MA, Yang S, Schröder M. Adsorption of iodine in metal-organic framework materials. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:3243-3262. [PMID: 35363235 PMCID: PMC9328120 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01192d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear power will continue to provide energy for the foreseeable future, but it can pose significant challenges in terms of the disposal of waste and potential release of untreated radioactive substances. Iodine is a volatile product from uranium fission and is particularly problematic due to its solubility. Different isotopes of iodine present different issues for people and the environment. 129I has an extremely long half-life of 1.57 × 107 years and poses a long-term environmental risk due to bioaccumulation. In contrast, 131I has a shorter half-life of 8.02 days and poses a significant risk to human health. There is, therefore, an urgent need to develop secure, efficient and economic stores to capture and sequester ionic and neutral iodine residues. Metal-organic framework (MOF) materials are a new generation of solid sorbents that have wide potential applicability for gas adsorption and substrate binding, and recently there is emerging research on their use for the selective adsorptive removal of iodine. Herein, we review the state-of-the-art performance of MOFs for iodine adsorption and their host-guest chemistry. Various aspects are discussed, including establishing structure-property relationships between the functionality of the MOF host and iodine binding. The techniques and methodologies used for the characterisation of iodine adsorption and of iodine-loaded MOFs are also discussed together with strategies for designing new MOFs that show improved performance for iodine adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Zhang
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - John Maddock
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Tina M Nenoff
- Materials, Physics and Chemical Sciences Center, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA
| | - Melissa A Denecke
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
- Division of Physical and Chemical Science, Department of Nuclear Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna International Centre, PO Box 100, 1400 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sihai Yang
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Martin Schröder
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
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Shao L, Liu N, Wang L, Sang Y, Wan H, Zhan P, Zhang L, Huang J, Chen J. Facile preparation of oxygen-rich porous polymer microspheres from lignin-derived phenols for selective CO 2 adsorption and iodine vapor capture. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 288:132499. [PMID: 34626649 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is a natural O-containing aromatic amorphous polymers from the residues of biorefinery and industrial papermaking, it can derive lots of aromatic phenol chemicals used as industrial raw materials by an efficient depolymerization, and then produce synthetic polymers. Here, we selected six aromatic units from the liquid products of lignin depolymerization, and tried to prepare diversified O-rich hyper-cross-linked polymers (HCPs) by one-pot Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction for CO2 and iodine vapor capture. HCP1, HCP2, and HCP3 microspheres possessed similar porous structure with Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface areas (SBET) of 14.1-20.6 m2/g and high O content (26.34-30.68 wt%), while HCP4, HCP5, and HCP6 were composed of many bulks with 3D networks structure, and showed larger SBET of 15.4-246.9 m2/g and relatively low O content (18.48-26.38 wt%). The results indicated that the chemical position and quantities of substituent groups (methoxy and alkyl) into lignin-derived units had evident impact on their morphology and textural parameters. These HCPs exhibited considerable CO2 uptake (64.1 mg/g) and selectivity (35.2) at 273 K, and high iodine vapor uptake (192.3 wt%). Moreover, the performance analysis implied that the SBET and pore volume of these HCPs had not played the dominated roles in the CO2 and I2 adsorption, while their pore size distribution, O-functional groups, and electron density will be more important for the capture of the both. This study will offer a facile synthesis of O-rich polymer microsphere adsorbents based on the green and sustainable lignin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lishu Shao
- Ministry of Forestry Bioethanol Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China; Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Woody Biomass Conversion, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China.
| | - Na Liu
- Ministry of Forestry Bioethanol Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China; Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Woody Biomass Conversion, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Lizhi Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Yafei Sang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Huan'ai Wan
- Ministry of Forestry Bioethanol Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China; Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Woody Biomass Conversion, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Peng Zhan
- Ministry of Forestry Bioethanol Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China; Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Woody Biomass Conversion, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Ministry of Forestry Bioethanol Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China; Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Woody Biomass Conversion, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China
| | - Jianhan Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Jienan Chen
- Ministry of Forestry Bioethanol Research Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China; Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Woody Biomass Conversion, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China.
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Xu XQ, Cao LH, Yang Y, Bai XT, Zhao F, He ZH, Yin Z, Ma YM. Cationic Nonporous Macrocyclic Organic Compounds for Multimedia Iodine Capture. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:142-146. [PMID: 33305903 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202001298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, progress in chemistry has generated various types of porous materials for removing iodine (129 I or 131 I) that can be formed during nuclear energy generation or nuclear waste storage. However, most studies for iodine capture are based on the weak host-guest interactions of the porous materials. Here, we present two cationic nonporous macrocyclic organic compounds, namely, MOC-1 and MOC-2, in which 6I- and 8I- were as counter anions, for highly efficient iodine capture. MOC-1 and MOC-2 were formed by reacting 1,1'-diamino-4,4'-bipyridylium di-iodide with 1,2-diformylbenzene or 1,3-diformylbenzene, respectively. The presence of a large number of I- anions results in high I2 affinity with uptake capacities up to 2.15 g ⋅ g-1 for MOC-1 and 2.25 g ⋅ g-1 for MOC-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Li-Hui Cao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Yan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Tian Bai
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Fang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Zhen-Hong He
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Zheng Yin
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
| | - Yang-Min Ma
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710021, P. R. China
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