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Ahlawat P, Kumari P, Lather V, Kumar M, Kumar R. Warm red light emitting Eu(III) complexes synthesis and analysis including computational methods for photonic applications. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2025; 324:124976. [PMID: 39208545 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Six luminescent europium organic complexes have been synthesized and studied for their luminescent properties. The synthesized complexes were analyzed through elemental analysis, XRD, SEM, EDAX, FT-IR, NMR and thermogravimetry. The complexes exhibit crystalline behavior and possess decent thermal stability. Photoluminescence study on complexes were conducted in both solid and solution states, the results indicate the characteristic red emission. With the addition of ancillary ligands, water molecules are replaced from inner coordination sphere, leading to enhanced luminescence properties. The colorimetric parameters (CIE, CP%, CCT, u', v') suggest aptness of these complexes in red light illuminating OLEDs. The J-O parameters were calculated experimentally and theoretically with the help of LUMPAC software. Theoretical and experimental results agree well reflecting the efficacy of the outcomes. As a result of red emission, these complexes could have interesting photonics applications. The biological studies indicate the probable use of these complexes in the medical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Ahlawat
- University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India
| | - Poonam Kumari
- University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India
| | - Vaishnavi Lather
- Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248001, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak 124001, India.
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Ahlawat P, Kumari P, Lather V, Rathee B, Kumar R. Europium-based β-hydroxyketone complexes: synthesis, optoelectronic, thermal and computational analyses. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2024; 23:881-899. [PMID: 38581535 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-024-00561-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Six red-light-emitting Eu(III) complexes having a β-hydroxyketone as ligand and heterocyclic ring containing compounds as ancillary ligands were synthesized to explore their use in displays and optoelectronics. The coordinating behavior of complexes was determined by various techniques such as FTIR (Fourier transform infrared), 1H-NMR (Nuclear magnetic resonance), and 13C-NMR that establishes a bonding of ligand and ancillary ligand with the Eu(III) ion. Morphology and purity were investigated through XRD (X-ray diffraction), SEM (scanning electron microscopy) and EDS (energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) analyses that suggest semicrystalline and pure complex formation. Thermal analysis of complexes by TGA/DTG (thermogravimetric/derivative thermogravimetric) indicates that complexes are stable upto 200 ºC temperature making them suitable for use in display devices. Analysis of the photophysical properties was carried out in both solid and solution states using PL (photoluminescence) studies, color parameters, J-O (Judd-Ofelt) analysis and bandgap. Most emissive transition (5D0 → 7F2) is responsible for the red emission in the complexes. The CIE (Commission International de I'Eclairage) coordinates of complexes also indicate the red emission on UV excitation. The bandgap which was obtained in the range of 2.54-3.02 eV reveals the semiconducting behavior of complexes. Values of J-O parameters and Ω2 in the complexes reflect asymmetric chemical environment around Eu (III) and less covalence and the Ω4 indicates that complexes are less rigid. Bandgap calculated through DFT (density function theory) for complexes is in range of 2.37-2.77 eV, and intensity parameters (J-O), energy transfer rates, and spherical coordinates were determined by LUMPAC software. The computational data are in good harmony with the experimental data. Further biological aspects of complexes were studied using antioxidant and antimicrobial studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Ahlawat
- University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, India
| | - Poonam Kumari
- University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, India
| | - Vaishnavi Lather
- Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248001, India
| | - Bhawna Rathee
- University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, India.
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Kumar M, Lather V, Nandal P, Ahlawat P, Kumari P, Khatkar A, Khatkar SP, Taxak VB, Kumar R. New Highly Luminescent Red Emitting Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization, Judd-Ofelt Intensity Parameters and Pharmacological Investigations. J Fluoresc 2023:10.1007/s10895-023-03506-7. [PMID: 38015295 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03506-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
A series of new red luminescent Eu(III) complexes were integrated by β-hydroxyketone ligand 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(2-hydroxy-4,6-dimethoxyphenyl)ethan-1-one (CHDME) as main ligand and 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) or 5,6-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline (dmphen) or bathophenanthroline (bathophen) as ancillary ligand. The complexes were synthesised by solution precipitation method. The CHDME is taken as ligand and its analogous Eu(III) complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR and 1H-NMR. The photoluminescent properties were also examined in solid state. The Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters (Ω2 and Ω4) and luminescence quantum efficiency (η) of Eu(III) complexes were additionally figured out as per luminescence spectra and decay cure. UV analysis and optical band was also calculated. Computational analysis were carried out and optical band and Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters were determined. Furthermore, the pharmacological activities such as antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of ligand CHDME and its analogous Europium complexes were also examined. The methods used were tube dilution method for calculating antimicrobial activity and DPPH free radical method for antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar
- University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, , 124001, India
| | - Vaishnavi Lather
- Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248001, India
| | - Poonam Nandal
- Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technlogy, Murthal, 131039, India
| | - Pratibha Ahlawat
- University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, , 124001, India
| | - Poonam Kumari
- University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, , 124001, India
| | - Aarti Khatkar
- Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technlogy, Murthal, 131039, India
| | - S P Khatkar
- Department of Chemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, India
| | - V B Taxak
- Department of Chemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, , 124001, India.
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Computational and optoelectronic quantification of semi-conducting, warm ruby red color emanating Eu 3+ complexes with hetro-cyclic ligands. PHOTOCHEMICAL & PHOTOBIOLOGICAL SCIENCES : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN PHOTOCHEMISTRY ASSOCIATION AND THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY FOR PHOTOBIOLOGY 2023:10.1007/s43630-023-00386-5. [PMID: 36797506 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00386-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Six Eu3+ complexes were synthesised with β-keto acid as main ligand and secondary ligands through liquid assisted grinding method. These complexes were characterised by various techniques such as spectroscopic technique, XRD, EDAX, SEM analysis, thermal technique, Urbach energy and optical band gap investigation. The luminous photophysical properties were studied by PL spectroscopy in solid as well as solution phase and some theoretical calculation was done to investigate the radiative (Arad) & non-radiative (Anrad) transition rate, quantum efficiency (ɸ), Judd Ofelt parameters for 5D0 → 7F2,4 transitions in both states. Judd Ofelt parameters were also calculated by the JOES software and the outcomes are well harmonised with theoretical values. The complexes have CIE color coordinate value in ruby red region and above 88.65% color purity in both phases, which made them attractive candidates for red light-emitting displays. 5D0 → 7F2 transition was proposed as a laser emission transition owing to their high branching ratio (67.18-74.24%) in solid and (60.09-74.40%) in solution phase. Computational methods were employed to determine the structure and energy of various molecular orbitals. Antimicrobial assay of complexes was also rationalised and found that the complexes are pertinent as good bactericidal and fungicidal agents in pharmaceutical industry.
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Synthesis and photo-physics of luminescent Sm(III) complexes derived from β-hydroxyketone and heterocyclic ancillary ligands. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
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Kumari P, Lather V, Khatri S, Ahlawat P, Sehrawat H, Khatkar SP, Taxak VB, Kumar R. Computational analysis, Urbach energy and Judd-Ofelt parameter of warm Sm 3+ complexes having applications in photovoltaic and display devices. RSC Adv 2022; 12:35827-35848. [PMID: 36545065 PMCID: PMC9753104 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05796d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, six reddish orange Sm3+ complexes were synthesized using organic ligand (L) and secondary ligands having hetero atoms by a one-step significant liquid-assisted grinding method and were characterized by spectroscopic techniques. The Urbach energy and band gap energy of the complexes were inspected by a linear fit. Using a least square fitting method, the Judd-Ofelt parameter and radiative properties were also determined. Thermal analysis, colorimetric analysis, luminescence decay time and anti-microbial properties of complexes were studied. The luminescence emission spectra of binary and ternary complexes displayed three characteristic peaks at 565, 603 and 650 nm in the powder form and four peaks at 563, 605, 646 and 703 nm in a solution phase due to 4G5/2 → 6H5/2, 4G5/2 → 6H7/2, 4G5/2 → 6H9/2 and 4G5/2 → 6H11/2 transitions respectively. The most intense transition in the solid phase (4G5/2 → 6H7/2) is accountable for orange color, and in the solution form, the highly luminescent peak (4G5/2 → 6H9/2) is responsible for reddish orange color of Sm3+ complexes. PXRD and SEM analyses suggested that the complexes possess a nanoparticle grain size with crystalline nature. The decent optoelectrical properties of title complexes in the orangish-red visible domain indicated possible applications in the manufacturing of display and optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Kumari
- University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Maharshi Dayanand University Rohtak 124001 India +91 9034070027
| | - Vaishnavi Lather
- Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute of Medical and Health Sciences Dehradun 248001 India
| | - Savita Khatri
- University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Maharshi Dayanand University Rohtak 124001 India +91 9034070027
| | - Pratibha Ahlawat
- University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Maharshi Dayanand University Rohtak 124001 India +91 9034070027
| | - Harkesh Sehrawat
- University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Maharshi Dayanand University Rohtak 124001 India +91 9034070027
| | - S P Khatkar
- Department of Chemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University Rohtak 124001 India
| | - V B Taxak
- Department of Chemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University Rohtak 124001 India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Maharshi Dayanand University Rohtak 124001 India +91 9034070027
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Exploration of photophysical and biological attributes of red light emitting europium (III) chelates with β-keto acid and nitrogen donor ancillary ligands. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-022-04866-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Augmentation of photophysical features and Judd-Ofelt analysis of extensively green glowing terbium (III) complexes with nitrogen donor ancillary ligands. PHOTOCHEMICAL & PHOTOBIOLOGICAL SCIENCES : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN PHOTOCHEMISTRY ASSOCIATION AND THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY FOR PHOTOBIOLOGY 2022; 21:2011-2034. [PMID: 35932374 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-022-00275-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Six green glowing terbium (III) complexes were fabricated via grinding method utilizing a prime organic ligand (L) and nitrogen donor ancillary ligands. Characterization of synthesized complexes was accomplished through various spectroscopic techniques. The significant thermal stability was determined by thermogravimetric analysis while the energy bandgap and Urbach energy were investigated through diffused reflectance spectra of these complexes. The peak observed at 548 nm in emission spectra is responsible for the virescent color of these complexes. Color purity, decay time, quantum yield, and emission intensities of ternary complexes were significantly improved as compared to binary ones due to the synergistic effect of ancillary ligands. Judd-Ofelt parameters were determined by the NIR absorption spectrum, which claims the asymmetric environment around the terbium (III) ion. CCT values advocate the applicability of these complexes in green light-emitting materials as a cool light source. The biological assignments reveal the significance of these complexes as potent antioxidants and antimicrobial agents. The energy transfer process highlights the enhancement of luminescence in these complexes via the synergic effect of ligands. Our investigation portrays that these complexes can be employed in laser technology, display devices, semiconductors, biological fields, and optoelectronic devices.
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