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Zhuang Q, Xu J, Deng D, Chao T, Li J, Zhang R, Peng R, Liu Z. Bacteria-derived membrane vesicles to advance targeted photothermal tumor ablation. Biomaterials 2020; 268:120550. [PMID: 33278684 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) secreted by Gram-negative bacteria are often applied in antibacterial treatment as adjuvants or antigens. Recently, OMVs have also been tested in a few anti-tumor treatment studies, in which OMVs are injected multiple times to achieve certain therapeutic effects, showing risks in repeated cytokine storms. Herein, we propose the use a single low dose of OMVs combined with photothermal therapy (PTT) for effective cancer treatment. It was found that single i. v. injection of OMVs could activate the immune system by boosting the secretion levels of anti-tumor related cytokines. In addition, single i. v. injection of OMVs could also lead to extravasation of red blood cells in the tumor mainly owing to the effect of lipopolysaccharide on the OMVs. Such effect was not observed in other normal organs. As the results, the tumors on OMV-treated mice showed obviously darkened color with greatly increased intratumoral optical absorbance in the near-infrared (NIR) region, further enabling effective photothermal ablation of those tumors by the NIR laser. Without causing obvious adverse responses, bacteria-derived OMVs may be a new type of therapeutic agent for cancer treatment with multiple functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhuang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Dashi Deng
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Ting Chao
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Junyan Li
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China
| | - Rui Peng
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
| | - Zhuang Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China.
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Franco-Topete R, Zepeda-Nuño JS, Zamora-Perez AL, Fuentes-Lerma MG, Gómez-Meda BC, Guerrero-Velázquez C. IFN-γR2 is strongly expressed on endothelial cells of gingival tissues from patients with chronic periodontitis. J Appl Oral Sci 2018; 26:e20170291. [PMID: 30304122 PMCID: PMC6172018 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2017-0291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic periodontitis (CP) is characterized by gingival inflammation and bone destruction. It has been reported that interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) levels are high in CP patients; however, the IFN-γ receptor (IFN-γR) has not been studied in gingival tissue from these patients. To evaluate IFN-γ levels and IFN-γR expression in gingival tissue biopsies from chronic periodontitis patients compared with healthy subjects (HS). MATERIAL AND METHODS Gingival tissues were obtained from all study subjects, CP (n = 18) and healthy subjects (HS) (n = 12). A tissue section of each study subject was embedded in paraffin blocks to determine the expression of IFN-γ R (IFN-γR1 and IFN-γR2) through immunohistochemistry. Another section of the tissue was homogenized and IFN-γ was measured by the ELISA technique. RESULTS No significant differences were found in the IFN-γR1 expression within the cell layers of the gingival tissue of the study groups. When analyzing the IFN-γR2 expression it was found that IFN-γR2 is strongly expressed in the endothelial cells of CP patients when compared to HS (p<0.05). IFN-γ concentrations in the gingival tissue were significantly higher in CP patients than in HS. No significant correlation between IFN-γ levels and the expression of IFN-γR1 and IFN-γR2 was found. However, a positive correlation between IFN-γ levels and clinical parameters [probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment level (CAL)] was found. CONCLUSION The study of IFN-γR expression in gingival tissue samples from patients with CP showed an increase only in the IFN-γR2 chain in endothelial cells when compared to HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramón Franco-Topete
- Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Laboratorio de Patología, Guadalajara, México
| | - José Sergio Zepeda-Nuño
- Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Laboratorio de Patología, Guadalajara, México
| | - Ana Lourdes Zamora-Perez
- Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Clínicas Odontológicas Integrales, Instituto de Investigación en Odontología, Guadalajara, México
| | - Martha Graciela Fuentes-Lerma
- Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro Universitario de los Altos, Departamento de Clínicas, Tepatitlán de Morelos, México
| | - Belinda Claudia Gómez-Meda
- Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Biología Molecular en Medicina y Terapia Génica, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Guadalajara, México
| | - Celia Guerrero-Velázquez
- Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Clínicas Odontológicas Integrales, Instituto de Investigación en Odontología, Guadalajara, México
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Motta ACF, Simão JCL, Furini RB, Ferreira MAN, Palma PVB, Komesu MC, Foss NT. Oral coinfection can stress peripheral lymphocyte to inflammatory activity in leprosy. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2013; 46:73-8. [DOI: 10.1590/0037-868217352013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Accepted: 01/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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Sánchez-Hernández PE, Zamora-Perez AL, Fuentes-Lerma M, Robles-Gómez C, Mariaud-Schmidt RP, Guerrero-Velázquez C. IL-12 and IL-18 levels in serum and gingival tissue in aggressive and chronic periodontitis. Oral Dis 2011; 17:522-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2011.01798.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Cardoso CC, Pereira AC, Brito-de-Souza VN, Dias-Baptista IM, Maniero VC, Venturini J, Vilani-Moreno FR, de Souza FC, Ribeiro-Alves M, Sarno EN, Pacheco AG, Moraes MO. IFNG +874 T>A single nucleotide polymorphism is associated with leprosy among Brazilians. Hum Genet 2010; 128:481-90. [PMID: 20714752 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-010-0872-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2010] [Accepted: 08/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, a low virulence mycobacterium, and the outcome of disease is dependent on the host genetics for either susceptibility per se or severity. The IFNG gene codes for interferon-γ (IFN-γ), a cytokine that plays a key role in host defense against intracellular pathogens. Indeed, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IFNG have been evaluated in several genetic epidemiological studies, and the SNP +874T>A, the +874T allele, more specifically, has been associated with protection against infectious diseases, especially tuberculosis. Here, we evaluated the association of the IFNG locus with leprosy enrolling 2,125 Brazilian subjects. First, we conducted a case-control study with subjects recruited from the state of São Paulo, using the +874 T>A (rs2430561), +2109 A>G (rs1861494) and rs2069727 SNPs. Then, a second study including 1,370 individuals from Rio de Janeiro was conducted. Results of the case-control studies have shown a protective effect for +874T carriers (OR(adjusted) = 0.75; p = 0.005 for both studies combined), which was corroborated when these studies were compared with literature data. No association was found between the SNP +874T>A and the quantitative Mitsuda response. Nevertheless, the spontaneous IFN-γ release by peripheral blood mononuclear cells was higher among +874T carriers. The results shown here along with a previously reported meta-analysis of tuberculosis studies indicate that the SNP +874T>A plays a role in resistance to mycobacterial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Cardoso
- Laboratório de Hanseníase, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Av Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro CEP 21040-360, Brazil
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Enhancing sensitivity of detection of immune responses to Mycobacterium leprae peptides in whole-blood assays. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2010; 17:993-1004. [PMID: 20427628 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00046-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Although worldwide leprosy prevalence has been reduced considerably following multidrug therapy, new case detection rates remain relatively stable, suggesting that transmission of infection still continues. This calls for new efforts, among which is development of assays that can identify subclinical/early-stage Mycobacterium leprae-infected subjects, a likely source of transmission. Areas in which leprosy is endemic often lack sophisticated laboratories, necessitating development of field-friendly immunodiagnostic tests for leprosy, like short-term whole-blood assays (WBA). In classical, peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)-based gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) release assays, M. leprae peptides have been shown to discriminate in a more specific fashion than M. leprae proteins between M. leprae-exposed contacts and patients as opposed to healthy controls from the same area of endemicity. However, peptides induced significantly lower levels of IFN-gamma than did proteins, particularly when whole blood was used. Therefore, possibilities of specifically enhancing IFN-gamma production in response to M. leprae peptides in 24-h WBA were sought by addition of various cytokines and antibodies or by mannosylation of peptides. In addition, other cytokines and chemokines were analyzed as potential biomarkers in WBA. We found that only interleukin 12 (IL-12), not other costimulants, increased IFN-gamma production in WBA while maintaining M. leprae peptide specificity, as evidenced by lack of increase of IFN-gamma in control samples stimulated with IL-12 alone. The IL-12-induced increase in IFN-gamma was mainly mediated by CD4+ T cells that did not produce IL-2 or tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Mannosylation further allowed the use of 100-fold-less peptide. Although not statistically significantly, macrophage inflammatory protein 1beta (MIP-1beta) and macrophage c protein 1 (MCP-1) levels specific for M. leprae peptide tended to be increased by IL-12. IP-10 production was also found to be a useful marker of M. leprae peptide responses, but its production was enhanced by IL-12 nonspecifically. We conclude that IFN-gamma-based WBA combined with IL-12 represents a more sensitive and robust assay for measuring reactivity to M. leprae peptides.
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Ren XF, Li WZ, Meng FY, Lin CF. Differential effects of propofol and isoflurane on the activation of T-helper cells in lung cancer patients. Anaesthesia 2010; 65:478-82. [PMID: 20337621 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.2010.06304.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
It is suggested that activation and differentiation of T-helper cells are required for peri-operative anti-tumor and anti-infection immunity. The present study aimed to evaluate whether propofol stimulates the activation and differentiation of these cells in patients undergoing pulmonary lobectomy for non-small-cell lung cancer. Thirty patients were randomly allocated to receive propofol or isoflurane throughout surgery. The CD4(+)CD28(+) percentage (p < 0.0001) and the ratio of interferon-gamma:interleukin-4 (p = 0.001) all increased with propofol but showed no change with isoflurane. In contrast, cortisol increased with isoflurane (p < 0.0001) but not with propofol over time (p = 0.06). We conclude that propofol promotes activation and differentiation of peripheral T-helper cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- X F Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Guerrero-Velázquez C, Lopez-Roa RI, Delgado-Rizo V, Guillen-Vargas CM, Montoya-Buelna M, Fafutis-Morris M. Abnormalities in intracellular processing and expression of interferon-gamma receptor in adherent cells from lepromatous leprosy patients. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2010; 30:99-105. [PMID: 20039824 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2008.0121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells in lepromatous leprosy (LL) patients produce low levels of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-12 (IL-12), and these cells exhibit partial or complete deficiency in the IL-12 receptor. The behavior of the IFN-gamma receptor (IFN-gamma R) has not been described in cells from people with leprosy. We found higher levels of mRNA for IFN-gamma R1 and IFN-gamma R2 in adherent cells stimulated with IFN-gamma and Mycobacterium leprae membrane proteins from LL patients compared with healthy subjects. Flow cytometry showed no significant difference in IFN-gamma R1 expression between LL patients and healthy subjects. Immunoblotting detected only the mature glycosylated form of the 61-67 kDa IFN-gamma R2 protein in healthy subjects. In contrast, cells from LL patients showed three different expression patterns: (1) the immature deglycosylated form of the 34.8 kDa IFN-gamma R2 protein, (2) the mature glycosylated 61-67 kDa form, and (3) both forms. Our data indicate the existence of abnormalities in the intracellular processing and protein expression of the IFN-gamma R in response to specific stimuli such as IFN-gamma and M. leprae membrane proteins in adherent cells of LL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Guerrero-Velázquez
- Centro de Investigación en Inmunología y Dermatología, Departamento de Fisiología, CUCS, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
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Tassi E, Braga M, Longhi R, Gavazzi F, Parmiani G, Di Carlo V, Protti MP. Non-redundant role for IL-12 and IL-27 in modulating Th2 polarization of carcinoembryonic antigen specific CD4 T cells from pancreatic cancer patients. PLoS One 2009; 4:e7234. [PMID: 19798410 PMCID: PMC2749205 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0007234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2009] [Accepted: 09/09/2009] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic cancer is a very aggressive disease with dismal prognosis; peculiar is the tumor microenvironment characterized by an extensive fibrotic stroma, which favors rapid tumor progression. We previously reported that pancreatic cancer patients have a selective Th2 skew in the anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) CD4+ T cell immunity, which correlates with the presence of a predominant GATA-3+ tumor lymphoid infiltrate. This has negative effects in both effective anti-tumor immunity and further favoring fibrinogenesis. Aim of this study was to evaluate whether the Th2 polarization of CEA-specific CD4+ T cells from pancreatic cancer patients is stable or can be reverted by immunomodulating cytokines. Methodology/Principal Findings We first evaluated the influence of IL-12 and IL-27, as single agents and in association, on the polarization of CEA-specific Th2 CD4+ T cell clones from a pancreatic cancer patient. We found that only the combination of IL-12 and IL-27 modified the polarization of Th2 effectors by both reduction of IL-5, GM-CSF and IL-13 and induction of IFN-γ production, which lasted after cytokine removal. Second, we evaluated the effect of the combined treatment on polyclonal CEA-specific CD4+ T cells in short-time re-stimulation assays. In agreement with the data obtained with the clones, we found that the combined treatment functionally modulated the Th2 polarization of CEA-specific CD4+ T cells and enhanced pre-existing Th1 type immunity. Conclusions/Significance Collectively, our results demonstrate that tumor antigen specific Th2 CD4+ T cells in pancreatic cancer are endowed with functional plasticity. Hence, loco-regional cytokines delivery or targeted therapy based on antibodies or molecules directed to the tumor stroma might improve anti-tumor immunity and ameliorate fibrosis, without systemic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Tassi
- Tumor Immunology Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Braga
- Pancreas Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Department of Surgery, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Renato Longhi
- CNR-Istituto di Chimica del Riconoscimento Molecolare, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Gavazzi
- Pancreas Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Department of Surgery, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Parmiani
- Immuno-Biotherapy of Melanoma and Solid Tumors Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Division of Molecular Oncology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Valerio Di Carlo
- Pancreas Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Department of Surgery, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Pia Protti
- Tumor Immunology Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- * E-mail:
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