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Yang X, Wu Y, Zhang M, Zhang L, Zhao T, Qian W, Zhu M, Wang X, Zhang Q, Sun J, Dong L. Piceatannol protects against age-related hearing loss by inhibiting cellular pyroptosis and inflammation through regulated Caspase11-GSDMD pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114704. [PMID: 37100013 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is a common issue associated with aging. One of the typical causes of hearing loss is the damage to inner ear hair cells. In addition, oxidative stress and inflammation contribute to ARHL. To avoid excessive inflammatory responses, non-classical scorch death pathway by cell membrane lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activates of caspase-11. Piceatannol (PCT) is also known for anti-tumor, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects; however, the protective effect of piceatannol (PCT) on ARHL is unclear. The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanism underlying protective effect of PCT on ARHL-induced inner ear hair cell damage. In vivo experiments showed that PCT could protect mice from inflammatory aging-induced hearing loss as well as from inner hair cells (IHC) and spiral ganglion (SG) deficits. In addition, inflammatory vesicle inhibitor BAY11-7082 ameliorated ARHL, inhibited NLRP3 and reduced GSDMD expression. In in vitro experiments we used LPS and D-gal to simulate the aging inflammatory environment. The results showed that intracellular reactive oxygen species levels, expression of Caspase-11, NLRP3, and GSDMD were significantly increased, yet treatment with PCT or BAY11-7082 significantly improved HEI-OC-1 cell injury while reducing inflammation-associated protein expression as well as the occurrence of pyroptosis. In conclusion, these results suggest a protective role for PCT against ARHL, possibly through Caspase-11-GSDMD pathway. Our findings may provide a new target and theoretical basis for hearing loss treatment using PCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunopharmacology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research and Development of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yanlin Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Menglian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunopharmacology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research and Development of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Lingyu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunopharmacology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research and Development of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Tianhao Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunopharmacology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research and Development of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Weiwei Qian
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunopharmacology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research and Development of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Mengmei Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunopharmacology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research and Development of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xinya Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunopharmacology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research and Development of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qiannuo Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunopharmacology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research and Development of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jiaqiang Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei 230001, China.
| | - Liuyi Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunopharmacology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research and Development of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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Peng LY, Yuan M, Shi HT, Li JH, Song K, Huang JN, Yi PF, Fu BD, Shen HQ. Protective Effect of Piceatannol Against Acute Lung Injury Through Protecting the Integrity of Air-Blood Barrier and Modulating the TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway Activation. Front Pharmacol 2020; 10:1613. [PMID: 32038265 PMCID: PMC6988518 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a common and complex inflammatory lung syndrome with higher morbidity and mortality rate. Piceatannol (PIC) has anti-inflammation and anti-oxidant properties. The study was designed to explore the effect and the action mechanisms of PIC on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI. Twenty-four hours after LPS challenge, mice from different treatment groups were euthanized, and the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue samples were collected. Then the degree of pulmonary edema, lung pathological changes, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines were detected. Additionally, the messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions associated with cell adhesion molecules and tight junction were analyzed through quantitative real-time (qRT)-PCR, and the TLR4/NF-κB activation was examined by western blot. The results showed that PIC significantly inhibited LPS-induced lung edema, histopathological damage, MPO activity, cell infiltration, and pro-inflammatory cytokines production. Moreover, PIC notably suppressed mRNA expressions associated with inflammation and cell adhesion molecules. Furthermore, PIC also alleviated LPS-induced damage of air-blood barrier through reducing the levels of total proteins in BALF and recovering the expression of occludin and ZO-1 in the lung tissues. We also found that PIC remarkably restrained the LPS-induced TLR4/NF-κB pathway activation in lung tissues. In conclusion, PIC may be potential to treat LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI) via regulating air-blood barrier and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Yuan Peng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Meng Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hai-Tao Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jing-He Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ke Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiang-Ni Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Peng-Fei Yi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ben-Dong Fu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hai-Qing Shen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Shoeb M, Zhang M, Xiao T, Syed MF, Ansari NH. Amelioration of Endotoxin-Induced Inflammatory Toxic Response by a Metal Chelator in Rat Eyes. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2018; 59:31-38. [PMID: 29302691 PMCID: PMC5754197 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.17-22172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Metal ions play a key role in exacerbating toxicity associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. This study examines the effects of a formulation containing the metal chelator ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and permeability enhancer methyl sulfonyl methane (MSM) on the early course of inflammation in endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU). The proprietary MSM/EDTA formulation of Livionex, Inc., which was used for this study, is covered by several patents and pending patent applications. Methods EIU was induced by using subcutaneous injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) into the thighs of Lewis rats. Treatment consisted of topical application to the eyes of either PBS or eye drops designated as ME that contain EDTA and MSM. Clinical signs of uveitis were monitored at 6 and 24 hours postinjection. Oxidative and inflammatory markers were evaluated by ELISA or immunohistochemistry. Results Rats treated with ME showed fewer clinical signs of uveitis including reduced miosis, fibrinous exudates, and dilated blood vessels. The aqueous humor of treated rats contained fewer leukocytes, lower protein levels, and less PGE2. Formation of protein adducts with the lipid peroxidation end-product, 4-hydroxynonenal, expression of NF-κB, TNF-α, and MMP-9 were all reduced in rats treated with ME. Conclusions Our results indicate that ME eye drops downregulate the ocular inflammatory response in LPS treated rats, suggesting that induction of EIU involves metal ions and chelation therapy with ME is a potential treatment for uveitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Shoeb
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States
| | - Min Zhang
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States
| | - Tianlin Xiao
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States
| | - Misha F Syed
- Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States
| | - Naseem H Ansari
- Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States.,Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, United States
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Chang KC, Petrash JM. Aldo-Keto Reductases: Multifunctional Proteins as Therapeutic Targets in Diabetes and Inflammatory Disease. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1032:173-202. [PMID: 30362099 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-98788-0_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Aldose reductase (AR) is an NADPH-dependent aldo-keto reductase that has been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of several blinding diseases such as uveitis, diabetic retinopathy (DR) and cataract. However, possible mechanisms linking the action of AR to these diseases are not well understood. As DR and cataract are among the leading causes of blindness in the world, there is an urgent need to explore therapeutic strategies to prevent or delay their onset. Studies with AR inhibitors and gene-targeted mice have demonstrated that the action of AR is also linked to cancer onset and progression. In this review we examine possible mechanisms that relate AR to molecular signaling cascades and thus explain why AR inhibition is an effective strategy against colon cancer as well as diseases of the eye such as uveitis, cataract, and retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Che Chang
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - J Mark Petrash
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA. .,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.
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Surh YJ, Na HK. Therapeutic Potential and Molecular Targets of Piceatannol in Chronic Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 928:185-211. [PMID: 27671818 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-41334-1_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Piceatannol (3,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxy-trans-stilbene; PIC) is a naturally occurring stilbene present in diverse plant sources. PIC is a hydroxylated analog of resveratrol and produced from resveratrol by microsomal cytochrome P450 1A11/2 and 1B1 activities. Like resveratrol, PIC has a broad spectrum of health beneficial effects, many of which are attributable to its antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities. PIC exerts anticarcinogenic effects by targeting specific proteins involved in regulating cancer cell proliferation, survival/death, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, etc. in tumor microenvironment. PIC also has other health promoting and disease preventing functions, such as anti-obese, antidiabetic, neuroptotective, cardioprotective, anti-allergic, anti-aging properties. This review outlines the principal biological activities of PIC and underlying mechanisms with special focus on intracellular signaling molecules/pathways involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Joon Surh
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, South Korea.
| | - Hye-Kyung Na
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, 142-732, South Korea.
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Sato K, Mihara Y, Kanai K, Yamashita Y, Kimura Y, Itoh N. Relative potency of tyrosol in the treatment of endotoxin-induced uveitis in rats. J Vet Med Sci 2016; 78:1631-1634. [PMID: 27350009 PMCID: PMC5095636 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.16-0254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tyrosol (Tyr) is a natural phenolic antioxidant with diverse biological activities. We compared the anti-inflammatory effects of intravenously administered Tyr
versus prednisolone (PSL) in an endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) rat model. Intravenous administration of 100 mg/kg Tyr was performed 2 hr before, simultaneously
and 2 hr after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection. Tyr treatment was associated with decreased inflammatory cell number, protein concentration, tumor necrosis
factor (TNF)-α, PGE2 and NO levels in AqH and improvements in histopathologic evidence of EIU in ocular tissue at 24 hr after LPS injection. 100 mg/kg Tyr and 1
mg/kg PSL (administered on the same schedule as Tyr) had comparable anti-inflammatory effects. Taken together, Tyr may represent a promising therapeutic agent
for the management of intraocular inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuaki Sato
- Department of Small Animal Internal Medicine I, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kitasato, 35-1, Towada, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
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Expression Profile of Cationic Amino Acid Transporters in Rats with Endotoxin-Induced Uveitis. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:6586857. [PMID: 27413255 PMCID: PMC4927963 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6586857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose. The transcellular arginine transportation via cationic amino acid transporter (CAT) is the rate-limiting step in nitric oxide (NO) synthesis, which is crucial in intraocular inflammation. In this study, CAT isoforms and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression was investigated in endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU). Methods. EIU was induced in Lewis rats by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection. In the treatment group, the rats were injected intraperitoneally with the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib before EIU induction. After 24 hours, leukocyte quantification, NO measurement of the aqueous humor, and histopathological examination were evaluated. The expression of CAT isoforms and iNOS was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) binding activity was evaluated by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. The mouse macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 was used to validate the in vivo findings. Results. LPS significantly stimulated iNOS, CAT-2A, and CAT-2B mRNA and protein expression but did not affect CAT-1 in EIU rats and RAW 264.7 cells. Bortezomib attenuated inflammation and inhibited iNOS, CAT-2A, and CAT-2B expression through NF-κB inhibition. Conclusions. CAT-2 and iNOS, but not CAT-1, are specifically involved in EIU. NF-κB is essential in the induction of CAT-2 and iNOS in EIU.
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Chen GL, Zhang JJ, Kao X, Wei LW, Liu ZY. Emodin ameliorates lipopolysaccharides-induced corneal inflammation in rats. Int J Ophthalmol 2015; 8:665-9. [PMID: 26308161 DOI: 10.3980/j.issn.2222-3959.2015.04.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effect of emodin on pseudomonas aeruginosa lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced corneal inflammation in rats. METHODS Corneal infection was induced by pseudomonas aeruginosa LPS in Wistar rats. The inflammation induced by LPS were examined by slit lamp microscope and cytological checkup of aqueous humor. Corneal tissue structure was observed by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. The activation of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB) was determined by Western blot. Messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in LPS-challenged rat corneas were measured with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS Typical manifestations of acute corneal inflammation were observed in LPS-induce rat model, and the corneal inflammatory response and structure were improved in rats pretreated with emodin. Treatment with emodin could improve corneal structure, reduce corneal injure by reducing corneal inflammatory response. Emodin could inhibit the decreasing lever of inhibitor of kappaB alpha (IкBα) express, and the mRNA expression of TNF-α and ICAM-1 in corneal tissues was also inhibited by emodin. The differences were statistically significant between groups treated with emodin and those without treatment (P<0.01). CONCLUSION Emodin could ameliorate LPS-induced corneal inflammation, which might via inhibiting the activation of NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Ling Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jing-Jing Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Third People's Hospital of Jinan, Jinan 250101, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xin Kao
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lu-Wan Wei
- Department of Anatomy, Shandong Univeristy School of Medicine, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhi-Yu Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Shandong Univeristy School of Medicine, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
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Chen G, Zhang J, Zhang H, Xiao Y, Kao X, Liu Y, Liu Z. Anti-inflammatory effect of emodin on lipopolysaccharide-induced keratitis in Wistar rats. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:12382-12389. [PMID: 26550148 PMCID: PMC4612833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Emodin, a major bioactive extract of several Chinese herbs, has been shown to have a number of biological activities including antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-fibrosis etc. In the present study, we investigated the effects of emodin as an anti-inflammatory agent on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced keratitis in Wistar rats. Clinical score, slit-lamp microscope were used to determine corneal inflammatory response. Corneal structure was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining and transmission electron microscopy. Messenger ribonucleic acid levels of tight junction protein and cytokines were determined by reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction. The activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) was detected with Western blot. We found that disorganized corneal tissue and cellular structures were observed in keratitis rats and emodin could deduce inflammatory response and improve corneal structure. Pretreated with emodin could up-regulate and down-regulate the mRNA expression of occludin and Interleukin-6. The activation of NF-κB could be inhibited partly after emodin treatment. In conclusion, emodin reduced corneal inflammation in LPS-induced keratitis in Wistar rats due to its capability of inhibition in NF-κB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoling Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third People’s Hospital of JinanJinan, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan, China
| | - Xin Kao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Shandong UniversityJinan, China
| | - Yanli Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Shandong University School of MedicineJinan, China
| | - Zhiyu Liu
- Department of Anatomy, Shandong University School of MedicineJinan, China
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Polyphenol Stilbenes: Molecular Mechanisms of Defence against Oxidative Stress and Aging-Related Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:340520. [PMID: 26180583 PMCID: PMC4477219 DOI: 10.1155/2015/340520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies have highlighted the key roles of oxidative stress and inflammation in aging-related diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and Alzheimer's disease (AD). In aging cells, the natural antioxidant capacity decreases and the overall efficiency of reparative systems against cell damage becomes impaired. There is convincing data that stilbene compounds, a diverse group of natural defence phenolics, abundant in grapes, berries, and conifer bark waste, may confer a protective effect against aging-related diseases. This review highlights recent data helping to clarify the molecular mechanisms involved in the stilbene-mediated protection against oxidative stress. The impact of stilbenes on the nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) mediated cellular defence against oxidative stress as well as the potential roles of SQSTM1/p62 protein in Nrf2/Keap1 signaling and autophagy will be summarized. The therapeutic potential of stilbene compounds against the most common aging-related diseases is discussed.
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Kim DH, Lee YG, Park HJ, Lee JA, Kim HJ, Hwang JK, Choi JM. Piceatannol inhibits effector T cell functions by suppressing TcR signaling. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 25:285-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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