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Deng Q, Yang Y, Liu Y, Zou M, Huang G, Yang S, Li L, Qu Y, Luo Y, Zhang X. Assessing immune hepatotoxicity of troglitazone with a versatile liver-immune-microphysiological-system. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1335836. [PMID: 38873410 PMCID: PMC11169855 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1335836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Drug-induced liver injury is a prevalent adverse event associated with pharmaceutical agents. More significantly, there are certain drugs that present severe hepatotoxicity only during the clinical phase, consequently leading to the termination of drug development during clinical trials or the withdrawal from the market after approval. The establishment of an evaluation model that can sensitively manifest such hepatotoxicity has always been a challenging aspect in drug development. In this study, we build a liver-immune-microphysiological-system (LIMPS) to fully demonstrate the liver injury triggered by troglitazone (TGZ), a drug that was withdrawn from the market due to hepatotoxicity. Leveraging the capabilities of organ-on-chip technology allows for the dynamic modulation of cellular immune milieu, as well as the synergistic effects between drugs, hepatocytes and multiple immune cells. Through the LIMPS, we discovered that 1) TGZ can promote neutrophils to adhered hepatocytes, 2) the presence of TGZ enhances the crosstalk between macrophages and neutrophils, 3) the induction of damage in hepatocytes by TGZ at clinically relevant blood concentrations not observed in other in vitro experiments, 4) no hepatotoxicity was observed in LIMPS when exposed to rosiglitazone and pioglitazone, structurally similar analogs of TGZ, even at the higher multiples of blood drug concentration levels. As an immune-mediated liver toxicity assessment method, LIMPS is simple to operate and can be used to test multiple drug candidates to detect whether they will cause severe liver toxicity in clinical settings as early as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanfeng Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Disease and College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Youlong Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Disease and College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuangui Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Disease and College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mengting Zou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Disease and College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guiyuan Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Disease and College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shiqi Yang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Disease and College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lingyu Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Disease and College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yueyang Qu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Disease and College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yong Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiuli Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Disease and College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory for Bioanalysis of Complex Matrix Samples, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
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Niu YT, Xu HN, Zhang YY, Li XZ, Li YZ, Song XM, Zhang DD, Wang W. Curcumae Radix: A Review of Traditional Use, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Quality Control. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400098. [PMID: 38462532 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Curcumae Radix (CuR) is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been used in China for more than 1,000 years. It has the traditional efficacy of activating blood and relieving pain, promoting qi and relieving depression, clearing heart and cooling blood, and promoting gallbladder and removing jaundice. Based on this, many domestic and foreign scholars have conducted systematic studies on its chemical composition, pharmacological effects, toxicity and quality control. Currently, 250 compounds, mainly including terpenoids and curcuminoids, have been isolated and identified from CuR, which has pharmacological activities, including antitumor, anti-inflammatory and analgesic, antidepressant, hepatoprotective, hemostatic, hematopoietic, and treatment of diabetes mellitus. In modern clinical practice, CuR is widely used in the treatment of tumors, breast hyperplasia, hepatitis, and stroke. However, the generation of toxicity and clinical application of CuR and Caryophylli Flos, the determination of the concoction process of artifacts, the determination of specific Quality Marker, and the establishment of the quality control system of CuR, are problems that need to be solved urgently at present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Niu
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao-Nan Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ying Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Zhuo Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Ze Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712046, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of "Taibaiqiyao" Research and Applications, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Mei Song
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712046, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of "Taibaiqiyao" Research and Applications, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Dong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712046, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of "Taibaiqiyao" Research and Applications, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712046, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712046, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of "Taibaiqiyao" Research and Applications, School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712046, People's Republic of China
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Qin T, Chen X, Meng J, Guo Q, Xu S, Hou S, Yuan Z, Zhang W. The role of curcumin in the liver-gut system diseases: from mechanisms to clinical therapeutic perspective. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-30. [PMID: 37096460 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2204349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Natural products have provided abundant sources of lead compounds for new drug discovery and development over the past centuries. Curcumin is a lipophilic polyphenol isolated from turmeric, a plant used in traditional Asian medicine for centuries. Despite the low oral bioavailability, curcumin exhibits profound medicinal value in various diseases, especially liver and gut diseases, bringing an interest in the paradox of its low bioavailability but high bioactivity. Several latest studies suggest that curcumin's health benefits may rely on its positive gastrointestinal effects rather than its poor bioavailability solely. Microbial antigens, metabolites, and bile acids regulate metabolism and immune responses in the intestine and liver, suggesting the possibility that the liver-gut axis bidirectional crosstalk controls gastrointestinal health and diseases. Accordingly, these pieces of evidence have evoked great interest in the curcumin-mediated crosstalk among liver-gut system diseases. The present study discussed the beneficial effects of curcumin against common liver and gut diseases and explored the underlying molecular targets, as well as collected evidence from human clinical studies. Moreover, this study summarized the roles of curcumin in complex metabolic interactions in liver and intestine diseases supporting the application of curcumin in the liver-gut system as a potential therapeutic option, which opens an avenue for clinical use in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiuying Chen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Meng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shan Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Hou
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical College, Ningbo, China
| | - Ziqiao Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenzhou Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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Liposome-encapsulated curcumin attenuates HMGB1-mediated hepatic inflammation and fibrosis in a murine model of Wilson's disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 152:113197. [PMID: 35687913 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Wilson's disease (WD) is an inherited disorder of copper metabolism with predominant hepatic manifestations. Left untreated, it can be fatal. Current therapies focus on treating copper overload rather than targeting the pathophysiology of copper-induced liver injuries. We sought to investigate whether liposome-encapsulated curcumin (LEC) could attenuate the underlying pathophysiology of WD in a mouse model of WD. APPROACH AND RESULTS Subcutaneous administration in a WD mouse model with ATP7B knockout (Atp7b-/-) resulted in robust delivery of LEC to the liver as determined by in-vitro and in-vivo imaging. Treatment with LEC attenuated hepatic injuries, restored lipid metabolism and decreased hepatic inflammation and fibrosis, and thus hepatosplenomegaly in Atp7b-/- mice. Mechanistically, LEC decreased hepatic immune cell and macrophage infiltration and attenuated the hepatic up-regulation of p65 by preventing cellular translocation of high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB-1). Moreover, decreased translocation of HMGB1 was associated with reduced splenic CD11b+/CD43+/Ly6CHi inflammatory monocyte expansion and circulating level of proinflammatory cytokines. Nevertheless there was no change in expression of oxidative stress-related genes or significant copper chelation effect of LEC in Atp7b-/- mice. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that treatment with subcutaneous LEC can attenuate copper-induced liver injury in an animal model of WD via suppression of HMGB1-mediated hepatic and systemic inflammation. These findings provide important proof-of-principle data to develop LEC as a novel therapy for WD as well as other inflammatory liver diseases.
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Zhang Y, Yan H, Su R, Li P, Wen F, Lv Y, Cai J, Su W. Photoactivated multifunctional nanoplatform based on lysozyme-Au nanoclusters-curcumin conjugates with FRET effect and multiamplified antimicrobial activity. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Kaneko S, Takasawa K, Asada K, Shinkai N, Bolatkan A, Yamada M, Takahashi S, Machino H, Kobayashi K, Komatsu M, Hamamoto R. Epigenetic Mechanisms Underlying COVID-19 Pathogenesis. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1142. [PMID: 34572329 PMCID: PMC8466119 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2019, a novel severe acute respiratory syndrome called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was reported and was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) in March 2020. With the advancing development of COVID-19 vaccines and their administration globally, it is expected that COVID-19 will converge in the future; however, the situation remains unpredictable because of a series of reports regarding SARS-CoV-2 variants. Currently, there are still few specific effective treatments for COVID-19, as many unanswered questions remain regarding the pathogenic mechanism of COVID-19. Continued elucidation of COVID-19 pathogenic mechanisms is a matter of global importance. In this regard, recent reports have suggested that epigenetics plays an important role; for instance, the expression of angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor, an important factor in human infection with SARS-CoV-2, is epigenetically regulated; further, DNA methylation status is reported to be unique to patients with COVID-19. In this review, we focus on epigenetic mechanisms to provide a new molecular framework for elucidating the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans and of COVID-19, along with the possibility of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syuzo Kaneko
- Division of Medical AI Research and Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (S.K.); (K.T.); (K.A.); (N.S.); (A.B.); (M.Y.); (S.T.); (H.M.); (K.K.); (M.K.)
- Cancer Translational Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, 1-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan
| | - Ken Takasawa
- Division of Medical AI Research and Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (S.K.); (K.T.); (K.A.); (N.S.); (A.B.); (M.Y.); (S.T.); (H.M.); (K.K.); (M.K.)
- Cancer Translational Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, 1-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan
| | - Ken Asada
- Division of Medical AI Research and Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (S.K.); (K.T.); (K.A.); (N.S.); (A.B.); (M.Y.); (S.T.); (H.M.); (K.K.); (M.K.)
- Cancer Translational Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, 1-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan
| | - Norio Shinkai
- Division of Medical AI Research and Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (S.K.); (K.T.); (K.A.); (N.S.); (A.B.); (M.Y.); (S.T.); (H.M.); (K.K.); (M.K.)
- Cancer Translational Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, 1-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan
- Department of NCC Cancer Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Amina Bolatkan
- Division of Medical AI Research and Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (S.K.); (K.T.); (K.A.); (N.S.); (A.B.); (M.Y.); (S.T.); (H.M.); (K.K.); (M.K.)
- Cancer Translational Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, 1-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Yamada
- Division of Medical AI Research and Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (S.K.); (K.T.); (K.A.); (N.S.); (A.B.); (M.Y.); (S.T.); (H.M.); (K.K.); (M.K.)
- National Cancer Center Hospital, Department of Endoscopy, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takahashi
- Division of Medical AI Research and Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (S.K.); (K.T.); (K.A.); (N.S.); (A.B.); (M.Y.); (S.T.); (H.M.); (K.K.); (M.K.)
- Cancer Translational Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, 1-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan
| | - Hidenori Machino
- Division of Medical AI Research and Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (S.K.); (K.T.); (K.A.); (N.S.); (A.B.); (M.Y.); (S.T.); (H.M.); (K.K.); (M.K.)
- Cancer Translational Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, 1-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan
| | - Kazuma Kobayashi
- Division of Medical AI Research and Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (S.K.); (K.T.); (K.A.); (N.S.); (A.B.); (M.Y.); (S.T.); (H.M.); (K.K.); (M.K.)
- Cancer Translational Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, 1-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan
| | - Masaaki Komatsu
- Division of Medical AI Research and Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (S.K.); (K.T.); (K.A.); (N.S.); (A.B.); (M.Y.); (S.T.); (H.M.); (K.K.); (M.K.)
- Cancer Translational Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, 1-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan
| | - Ryuji Hamamoto
- Division of Medical AI Research and Development, National Cancer Center Research Institute, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan; (S.K.); (K.T.); (K.A.); (N.S.); (A.B.); (M.Y.); (S.T.); (H.M.); (K.K.); (M.K.)
- Cancer Translational Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, 1-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027, Japan
- Department of NCC Cancer Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
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Thimmulappa RK, Mudnakudu-Nagaraju KK, Shivamallu C, Subramaniam K, Radhakrishnan A, Bhojraj S, Kuppusamy G. Antiviral and immunomodulatory activity of curcumin: A case for prophylactic therapy for COVID-19. Heliyon 2021; 7:e06350. [PMID: 33655086 PMCID: PMC7899028 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), a devastating respiratory illness caused by SARS-associated coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has already affected over 64 million people and caused 1.48 million deaths, just 12 months from the first diagnosis. COVID-19 patients develop serious complications, including severe pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and or multiorgan failure due to exaggerated host immune response following infection. Currently, drugs that were effective against SARS-CoV are being repurposed for SARS-CoV-2. During this public health emergency, food nutraceuticals could be promising prophylactic therapeutics for COVID-19. Curcumin, a bioactive compound in turmeric, exerts diverse pharmacological activities and is widely used in foods and traditional medicines. This review presents several lines of evidence, which suggest curcumin as a promising prophylactic, therapeutic candidate for COVID-19. First, curcumin exerts antiviral activity against many types of enveloped viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, by multiple mechanisms: direct interaction with viral membrane proteins; disruption of the viral envelope; inhibition of viral proteases; induce host antiviral responses. Second, curcumin protects from lethal pneumonia and ARDS via targeting NF-κB, inflammasome, IL-6 trans signal, and HMGB1 pathways. Third, curcumin is safe and well-tolerated in both healthy and diseased human subjects. In conclusion, accumulated evidence indicates that curcumin may be a potential prophylactic therapeutic for COVID-19 in the clinic and public health settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh K. Thimmulappa
- Department of Biochemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, India
| | - Kiran Kumar Mudnakudu-Nagaraju
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, India
| | - Chandan Shivamallu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Life Sciences, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Mysore, India
| | - K.J.Thirumalai Subramaniam
- Centre of Excellence in Nanoscience & Technology, Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arun Radhakrishnan
- Centre of Excellence in Nanoscience & Technology, Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Gowthamarajan Kuppusamy
- Centre of Excellence in Nanoscience & Technology, Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
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Li W, Jiang L, Lu X, Liu X, Ling M. Curcumin protects radiation-induced liver damage in rats through the NF-κB signaling pathway. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:10. [PMID: 33407412 PMCID: PMC7789609 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-020-03182-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Curcumin has been demonstrated to exert anti-oxidant, anti-fibrotic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer activities. This study was conducted to observe the effect and inner mechanism of curcumin in rats with radiation-induced liver damage (RILD). METHODS Thirty SD rats were classified into Control, Radiation group and Curcumin (Cur) + Radiation group (n = 10 in each group). The changes in body weight of the rats were observed on the 3rd, 7th and 14th days after the treatment with curcumin. On the 14th day post treatment, the heart blood of the rats was drawn for measurement of liver function indices including total protein (TP), alanine aminotransfetase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as well as aspartate aminotransfetase (AST). Subsequently, the rats were euthanized and liver tissues were taken to observe liver morphological changes using hematoxylin-eosin (HE), and to analyze apoptosis condition using transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) assays. Meanwhile, the oxidative stress level in liver tissue homogenate was determined by biochemical analysis. The expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway-associated and apoptosis-associated proteins was detected using Western blot analysis, and the expression levels of inflammatory factors were measured by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS The reduced body weight was observed in rats of the Radiation group compared to the Control and Cur + Radiation groups on day 14. In the Radiation group, hepatic cell edema and inflammatory cell infiltration could be visible under the light microscope, and the hepatocytes presented with vacuolar degeneration. In the Cur + Radiation group, the hepatocytes swelled under the microscope, but the pathological changes were alleviated in comparison with the Radiation group. RILD rats with curcumin treatment presented with decreased ALT, AST, ALP, LDH, and maleicdialdehyde (MDA) levels, and elevated TP, superoxide dismutase (SOD), caspase activated DNase (CAD) and glutathione (GSH) levels. Apoptosis and inflammation in rats with RILD were up-regulated, and the NF-κB pathway was activated, but they were reversed after continuously intragastric administration of curcumin for 14 days. CONCLUSION Our study highlights that curcumin treatment reduces the liver damage caused by radiation through the inhibition of the NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421002, Hunan, China
| | - Liangjun Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421002, Hunan, China.
| | - Xianzhou Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421002, Hunan, China
| | - Xianrong Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421002, Hunan, China
| | - Mingjiong Ling
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421002, Hunan, China
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He W, Yuan K, Ji B, Han Y, Li J. Protective effects of curcumin against neuroinflammation induced by Aβ25-35 in primary rat microglia: modulation of high-mobility group box 1, toll-like receptor 4 and receptor for advanced glycation end products expression. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:88. [PMID: 32175381 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.12.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Activated microglia induced by amyloid-beta (Aβ) release proinflammatory cytokines that can induce neurotoxicity. High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) and HMGB1-mediated inflammatory responses have been attributed with memory impairment in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). There is accumulating evidence to suggest curcumin is a potent anti-inflammatory polyphenol. However, whether curcumin could effectively inhibit inflammation through the suppression of HMGB1 production or HMGB1-mediated inflammatory responses in Aβ-activated microglia is still unclear. Methods Primary microglia were prepared from the cerebral cortices of one- to three-day-old Sprague Dawley rats. The microglia were cultured and treated with Aβ25-35 50 µM for 24 h to prove a toxic effect. Curcumin 10 µM was administrated 1 h before Aβ25-35 treatment. The levels of HMGB1, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the culture medium were analyzed by ELISA. Western blotting was conducted to assess the expression level of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). In addition, PC12 cells were treated with conditioned medium from microglia treated with Aβ25-35 or Aβ25-35 and curcumin, and cell viability was subsequently assessed by MTT. Results Curcumin was found to significantly inhibit HMGB1 expression and release in Aβ25-35-stimulated microglia. Pretreatment with curcumin reduced TLR4 and RAGE expression. Proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and TNF-α were also remarkably reduced by curcumin. In addition, curcumin protected neurons from indirect toxicity mediated by Aβ25-35-treated microglia. Conclusions Curcumin effectively inhibits Aβ25-35-induced neuroinflammation in microglia, partly by suppressing the expression of HMGB1, TLR4, and RAGE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei He
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Kaiming Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Bin Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Yuan Han
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China
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Mou H, Wu S, Zhao G, Wang J. Changes of Th17/Treg ratio in the transition of chronic hepatitis B to liver cirrhosis and correlations with liver function and inflammation. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:2963-2968. [PMID: 30936966 PMCID: PMC6434237 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The changes in ratio of T helper 17 cells (Th17) to Treg cells in the transition of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) to liver cirrhosis, and the correlations with liver function and inflammation were investigated. A total of 20 normal subjects (control group), 35 CHB patients (CHB group) and 40 post-hepatitis liver cirrhosis patients (liver cirrhosis group) were enrolled into this study. Liver function was measured through the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartic transaminase (AST), and the hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining method was used to detect the histopathological features. mRNA expression of inflammation-associated factors was detected using RT-PCR. The protein expression of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) was measured in liver tissues using the immunofluorescent method and western blot assay. In the CHB and liver cirrhosis groups, the increases in Th17 cells were more evident than those in Treg cells. Moreover, an evident increase in levels of ALT and AST was identified in the two groups. Structures of liver tissues in the CHB and liver cirrhosis groups were destroyed with damage to the cell nuclei. The expression of inflammation-associated factors were significantly elevated compared to those in the control group. NF-κB expressed in the CHB and liver cirrhosis groups was significantly higher than that in control group. The results of analysis of variance indicated that differences in the expression of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and NF-κB in the three groups had statistical significance (P<0.01). In conclusion, transition from CHB to liver cirrhosis comes with significant changes in Th17/Treg ratio, which is correlated with a decrease in liver function, and also closely associated with the development and progression of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijuan Mou
- Department of Public Health, Yantai Infectious Disease Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264001, P.R. China
| | - Song Wu
- Department of Ultrasonic Medicine, Yantai Infectious Disease Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264001, P.R. China
| | - Guang Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Yantai Infectious Disease Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264001, P.R. China
| | - Jindong Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Yantai Yeda Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264006, P.R. China
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11
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Boozari M, Butler AE, Sahebkar A. Impact of curcumin on toll-like receptors. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:12471-12482. [PMID: 30623441 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have a pivotal role in the activation of innate immune response and inflammation. TLRs can be divided into two subgroups including extracellular TLRs that recognize microbial membrane components (TLR1, 2, 4, 5, 6, and 10), and intracellular TLRs that recognize microbial nucleic acids (TLR3, 7, 8, and 9). Curcumin is a dietary polyphenol from Curcuma longa L. that is reputed to have diverse biological and pharmacological effects. Extensive research has defined the molecular mechanisms through which curcumin mediates its therapeutic effects. One newly defined and important target of curcumin is the TLR, where it exerts an inhibitory effect. In the current study, we focus upon the TLR antagonistic effect of curcumin and curcumin's therapeutic effect as mediated via TLR inhibition. The available evidence indicates that curcumin inhibits the extracellular TLR 2 and 4 and intracellular TLR9 and thereby exerts a therapeutic effect in diseases such as cancer, inflammation, infection, autoimmune, and ischemic disease. Curcumin effectively modulates the TLR response and thereby exerts its potent therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motahare Boozari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alexandra E Butler
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Doha, Qatar
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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12
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Wei Z, Liu N, Tantai X, Xing X, Xiao C, Chen L, Wang J. The effects of curcumin on the metabolic parameters of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Hepatol Int 2018; 13:302-313. [DOI: 10.1007/s12072-018-9910-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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13
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Peng J. The Pharmacological Targets and Clinical Evidence of Natural Products With Anti-hepatic Inflammatory Properties. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:455. [PMID: 29922155 PMCID: PMC5996099 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation contributes heavily to the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular carcinoma. Inflammation is probably a promising target for treatment of liver diseases. The natural products are considered as the potential source of new drug discovery and their pharmacological effects on hepatic inflammation have been widely reported. In this review, the natural products with anti-hepatic inflammatory properties are summarized based on their pharmacological effects and mechanisms, which are related to the suppression on the inflammation mediators including cytokines and chemokines, pattern recognition receptors, the activated transcriptional factors, and the potential regulatory factors. The clinical evidence is also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghua Peng
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Clinical Medicine, Shanghai, China
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14
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Curcumin, a component of turmeric, efficiently prevents diclofenac sodium-induced gastroenteropathic damage in rats: A step towards translational medicine. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 108:43-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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15
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Vaughn AR, Haas KN, Burney W, Andersen E, Clark AK, Crawford R, Sivamani RK. Potential Role of Curcumin Against Biofilm-Producing Organisms on the Skin: A Review. Phytother Res 2017; 31:1807-1816. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra R. Vaughn
- Drexel University College of Medicine; Philadelphia PA USA
- Department of Dermatology; University of California; Davis, 3301 C Street, Suite 1400 Sacramento CA USA
| | - Kelly N. Haas
- Department of Dermatology; University of California; Davis, 3301 C Street, Suite 1400 Sacramento CA USA
| | - Waqas Burney
- Department of Dermatology; University of California; Davis, 3301 C Street, Suite 1400 Sacramento CA USA
| | - Erich Andersen
- Department of Biological Sciences; California State University; Sacramento CA USA
| | - Ashley K. Clark
- Department of Dermatology; University of California; Davis, 3301 C Street, Suite 1400 Sacramento CA USA
| | - Robert Crawford
- Department of Biological Sciences; California State University; Sacramento CA USA
| | - Raja K. Sivamani
- Department of Dermatology; University of California; Davis, 3301 C Street, Suite 1400 Sacramento CA USA
- Department of Biological Sciences; California State University; Sacramento CA USA
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16
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Xie YL, Chu JG, Jian XM, Dong JZ, Wang LP, Li GX, Yang NB. Curcumin attenuates lipopolysaccharide/d-galactosamine-induced acute liver injury by activating Nrf2 nuclear translocation and inhibiting NF-kB activation. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 91:70-77. [PMID: 28448872 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.04.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin, a polyphenol in curry spice isolated from the rhizome of turmeric, has been reported to possess versatile biological properties including anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, antifibrotic, and anticancer activities. In this study, the hepatoprotective effect of curcumin was investigated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/d-galactosamine (d-GalN)-induced acute liver injury (ALI) in rats. Experimental ALI was induced with an intraperitoneal (ip) injection of sterile 0.9% sodium chloride (NaCl) solution containing 8μg LPS and 800mg/kg d-GalN. Curcumin was administered once daily starting three days prior to LPS/d-GalN treatment. Results indicated that curcumin could attenuate hepatic pathological damage, decrease serum ALT and AST levels, and reduce malondialdehyde (MDA) content in experimental ALI rats. Moreover, higher dosages of curcumin pretreatment inhibited NF-κB activation and reduced serum TNF-α and liver TNF-α levels induced by LPS/d-GalN ip injection. Furthermore, we found that curcumin up-regulated the expression of nuclear Nrf2 and Nrf2-dependent antioxidant defense genes including heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), glutamate-cysteine ligase (GCLC), NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, and quinone (NQO-1) in a dose-dependent manner. Our results showed that curcumin protected experimental animals against LPS/d-GalN-induced ALI through activation of Nrf2 nuclear translocation and inhibition of NF-κB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Lian Xie
- Department of Infection and Liver Diseases, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China; Department of General Internal Medicine, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Jin-Guo Chu
- Department of Infection and Liver Diseases, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China; Department of General Internal Medicine, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Xiao-Min Jian
- Department of the First Clinical Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jin-Zhong Dong
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Li-Ping Wang
- Department of Infection and Liver Diseases, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China; Department of General Internal Medicine, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Guo-Xiang Li
- Department of Infection and Liver Diseases, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China; Department of General Internal Medicine, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China.
| | - Nai-Bin Yang
- Department of Infection and Liver Diseases, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China; Department of General Internal Medicine, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China.
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Afrin R, Arumugam S, Rahman A, Wahed MII, Karuppagounder V, Harima M, Suzuki H, Miyashita S, Suzuki K, Yoneyama H, Ueno K, Watanabe K. Curcumin ameliorates liver damage and progression of NASH in NASH-HCC mouse model possibly by modulating HMGB1-NF-κB translocation. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 44:174-182. [PMID: 28110063 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin, a phenolic compound, has a wide spectrum of therapeutic effects such as antitumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and so on. The study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of curcumin to protect liver damage and progression of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in a novel NASH-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) mouse model. To induce this model neonatal C57BL/6J male mice were exposed to low-dose streptozotocin and were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) from the age of 4weeks to 14weeks. Curcumin was given at 100mg/kg dose daily by oral gavage started at the age of 10weeks and continued until 14weeks along with HFD feeding. We found that curcumin improved the histopathological changes of the NASH liver via reducing the level of steatosis, fibrosis associated with decreasing serum aminotransferases. In addition, curcumin treatment markedly reduced the hepatic protein expression of oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and chemokines including interferon (IFN) γ, interleukin-1β and IFNγ-inducible protein 10, in NASH mice. Furthermore, curcumin treatment significantly reduced the cytoplasmic translocation of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and the protein expression of toll like receptor 4. Nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) was also dramatically attenuated by the curcumin in NASH liver. Curcumin treatment effectively reduced the progression of NASH to HCC by suppressing the protein expression of glypican-3, vascular endothelial growth factor, and prothrombin in the NASH liver. Our data suggest that curcumin reduces the progression of NASH and liver damage, which may act via inhibiting HMGB1-NF-κB translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rejina Afrin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Niigata 956-8603, Japan
| | - Somasundaram Arumugam
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Niigata 956-8603, Japan
| | - Azizur Rahman
- Department of Immunology and Medical Zoology, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata City 951-8510, Japan
| | - Mir Imam Ibne Wahed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Niigata 956-8603, Japan; Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Vengadeshprabhu Karuppagounder
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Niigata 956-8603, Japan
| | - Meilei Harima
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Niigata 956-8603, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Suzuki
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Niigata 956-8603, Japan
| | - Shizuka Miyashita
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Niigata 956-8603, Japan
| | - Kenji Suzuki
- Department of Clinical Engineering and Medical Technology, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata 950-3198, Japan
| | | | - Kazuyuki Ueno
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Niigata 956-8603, Japan
| | - Kenichi Watanabe
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Niigata 956-8603, Japan.
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18
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Dioscin relieves endotoxemia induced acute neuro-inflammation and protect neurogenesis via improving 5-HT metabolism. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40035. [PMID: 28059131 PMCID: PMC5216397 DOI: 10.1038/srep40035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis, in addition to causing fatality, is an independent risk factor for cognitive impairment among sepsis survivors. The pathologic mechanism of endotoxemia induced acute neuro-inflammation still has not been fully understood. For the first time, we found the disruption of neurotransmitters 5-HT, impaired neurogenesis and activation of astrocytes coupled with concomitant neuro-inflammation were the potential pathogenesis of endotoxemia induced acute neuro-inflammation in sepsis survivors. In addition, dioscin a natural steroidal saponin isolated from Chinese medicinal herbs, enhanced the serotonergic system and produced anti-depressant effect by enhancing 5-HT levels in hippocampus. What is more, this finding was verified by metabolic analyses of hippocampus, indicating 5-HT related metabolic pathway was involved in the pathogenesis of endotoxemia induced acute neuro-inflammation. Moreover, neuro-inflammation and neurogenesis within hippocampus were indexed using quantitative immunofluorescence analysis of GFAP DCX and Ki67, as well as real-time RT-PCR analysis of some gene expression levels in hippocampus. Our in vivo and in vitro studies show dioscin protects hippocampus from endotoxemia induced cascade neuro-inflammation through neurotransmitter 5-HT and HMGB-1/TLR4 signaling pathway, which accounts for the dioscin therapeutic effect in behavioral tests. Therefore, the current findings suggest that dioscin could be a potential approach for the therapy of endotoxemia induced acute neuro-inflammation.
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19
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Yao H, Hu C, Yin L, Tao X, Xu L, Qi Y, Han X, Xu Y, Zhao Y, Wang C, Peng J. Dioscin reduces lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory liver injury via regulating TLR4/MyD88 signal pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2016; 36:132-141. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2016.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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20
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Prevention and Therapeutic Effects and Mechanisms of Tanshinone IIA Sodium Sulfonate on Acute Liver Injury Mice Model. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:4097398. [PMID: 27274751 PMCID: PMC4870345 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4097398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Tanshinone IIA sodium sulfonate (TSS) is a water-soluble derivative of tanshinone IIA, which is the main pharmacologically active component of Salvia miltiorrhiza. This study aimed to verify the preventive and therapeutic effects of TSS and its combined therapeutic effects with magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate (MI) in D-galactosamine- (D-Gal-) induced acute liver injury (ALI) in mice. The potential regulatory mechanisms of TSS on ALI were also examined. Our results may provide a basis for the development of novel therapeutics for ALI.
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Zou J, Qi F, Ye L, Yao S. Protective Role of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidins Against Ccl4 Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:880-9. [PMID: 26986029 PMCID: PMC4801141 DOI: 10.12659/msm.895552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We investigated the effect of grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSPs) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced acute liver injury. Material/Methods Sixty SPF KM mice were randomly divided into 6 groups: the control group, CCl4-model group, bifendate group (DDB group), and low-, moderate-, and high-dose GSP groups. The following parameters were measured: serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT); aspartate aminotransferase (AST); tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α; interleukin-6 (IL-6); high-mobility group box (HMGB)-1; body weight; liver, spleen, and thymus indexes; superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity; HMGB1 mRNA; malondialdehyde (MDA) content; hepatocyte proliferation; and changes in liver histology. Results Compared to the CCl4-model group, decreases in liver index and increases in thymus index significantly increased SOD and GSH-Px activities and reduced MDA content, and higher hepatocyte proliferative activity was found in all GSP dose groups and the DDB group (all P<0.001). Compared with the CCl4-model group, serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels and HMGB 1 mRNA and protein expressions decreased significantly in the high GSP dose group (all P<0.05). Conclusions Our results provide strong evidence that administration of GSPs might confer significant protection against CCl4-induced acute liver injury in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfa Zou
- Department of Pathophysiology, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, China (mainland)
| | - Fengjie Qi
- Department of Pathology, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, China (mainland)
| | - Liping Ye
- Department of Pathophysiology, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, China (mainland)
| | - Suyan Yao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou, China (mainland)
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Kumar G, Mittal S, Sak K, Tuli HS. Molecular mechanisms underlying chemopreventive potential of curcumin: Current challenges and future perspectives. Life Sci 2016; 148:313-28. [PMID: 26876915 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, natural compounds have received considerable attention in preventing and curing most dreadful diseases including cancer. The reason behind the use of natural compounds in chemoprevention is associated with fewer numbers of side effects than conventional chemotherapeutics. Curcumin (diferuloylmethane, PubMed CID: 969516), a naturally occurring polyphenol, is derived from turmeric, which is used as a common Indian spice. It governs numerous intracellular targets, including proteins involved in antioxidant response, immune response, apoptosis, cell cycle regulation and tumor progression. A huge mass of available studies strongly supports the use of Curcumin as a chemopreventive drug. However, the main challenge encountered is the low bioavailability of Curcumin. This extensive review covers various therapeutic interactions of Curcumin with its recognized cellular targets involved in cancer treatment, strategies to overcome the bioavailability issue and adverse effects associated with Curcumin consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Delhi University, South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Sonam Mittal
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Katrin Sak
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of Tartu, Estonia
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mulana-Ambala, India.
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Chen H, Guan B, Shen J. Targeting ONOO -/HMGB1/MMP-9 Signaling Cascades: Potential for Drug Development from Chinese Medicine to Attenuate Ischemic Brain Injury and Hemorrhagic Transformation Induced by Thrombolytic Treatment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1159/000442468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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