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1H NMR-based metabolic profile and chemometric analysis for the discrimination of Passiflora species genotypic variations. Food Res Int 2023; 164:112441. [PMID: 36738006 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The species of the genus Passiflora (Passifloraceae family) have been used as food, cosmetic and traditional herbal. As a result, the Passiflora species are widely cultivated and has an economic, medicinal and ornamental importance. The popular designation as "passion fruit" and chemical profile of several Passiflora species remains unknown. The lack of chemical information contributes to the erroneous classification and adulteration. In recent years, special attention has been paid to the bioactivity and phytochemical profiles of several Passiflora species extracts. In this research, 1H NMR-based metabolic profiling coupled with chemometric tools was used to characterize and distinguish extracts obtained from different wild Passiflora species (P. alata, P. cincinnata, and P. setacea) and genetic varieties (P. alata var. BRS Pérola do Cerrado, P. cincinnata var. BRS Sertão Forte, and P. setacea var. BRS Pérola do Cerrado). Fourteen metabolites were identified by 1D and 2D NMR experiments, highlighting the presence of fatty acids, carbohydrates, saponins, alkaloids, and mainly C-glycosidic flavones. Principal components analysis (PCA) allowed discrimination of Passiflora extracts, which the quadranguloside, oleanolic acid-3-sophoroside, α-glucose, β-glucose, and vitexin-2-O"-rhamnoside were relevant in the differentiation of P. alata and P. alata var. BRS Pérola do Cerrado, while the flavones isovitexin and isovitexin-2-O"-xyloside were dominant in the grouping of P. setacea and P. setacea var. BRS Pérola do Cerrado, and finally P. cincinnata and P. cincinnata var. BRS Sertão Forte grouped by the influence of the fatty acids, sucrose, flavones (isoorientin and vitexin-2-O"-xyloside), and trigonelline. The varieties of P. setacea, and P. cincinnata are chemically equivalent to the original Passiflora species. However, the PCA analysis showed that the genetic variety of P. alata occupied a different position in the scores plot provoked mainly by the presence of oleanolic acid-3-sophoroside. The 1H NMR metabolic profile can be efficient for quality control evaluation, and can contribute to the investigation of new alternatives for official Passiflora herbal medicines.
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Persia FA, Abba R, Pascual LI, Hapon MB, Mackern-Oberti JP, Gamarra-Luques C. Prosopis strombulifera aqueous extract reduces T cell response and ameliorates type I diabetes in NOD mice. J Tradit Complement Med 2022; 13:20-29. [PMID: 36685075 PMCID: PMC9845655 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background New products with tolerogenic properties on T cell response are necessary to improve current efficacy, cost and side effects of immunosuppressants. Prosopis strombulifera aqueous extract (PsAE) have reported cytotoxic, antitumoral, antiatherogenic and antileishmanial activities, containing phytochemicals with immune-related activities. Despite these, there are no previous studies with respect to PsAE suppressive properties over T cell proliferation and their function. Goal Because of previous antecedents, this study aims to evaluate the effect of PsAE on T cell activation, proliferation, cytokine production, and to investigate its effect over an in vivo model of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Experimental procedure Splenocytes and sorted CD4+/CD8+ from wild type C57BL/6 mice were cultured to determine activation, IFN-γ release and T-cell proliferation after polyclonal stimulation. NOD (non-obese diabetic) mice were used to study the effects of orally administered extract on glycemia, insulitis stages and perforin-1 (PRF-1)/granzyme-B (GRZ-B) expression. Results In primary cultures, the plant extract impairs T cell activation, decreases IFN-γ release, and reduces proliferation after different polyclonal stimuli. In vivo, PsAE improves NOD mice glycemic levels and T1D progression by diminution of pancreas insulitis and reduction of PRF-1 and GRZ-B mRNA expression. To our knowledge, this is the first report characterizing the therapeutic properties of PsAE on T cell activation. Conclusion The current work provides evidence about in vitro and in vivo immunosuppressive effects of PsAE and promotes this plant extract as a complementary and alternative treatment in autoimmune T-cell mediated diseases as T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Andrés Persia
- Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CCT Mendoza CONICET, Argentina,Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Romina Abba
- Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza, CCT Mendoza CONICET, Argentina
| | - Lourdes Inés Pascual
- Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CCT Mendoza CONICET, Argentina
| | - María Belén Hapon
- Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CCT Mendoza CONICET, Argentina,Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Juan Pablo Mackern-Oberti
- Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CCT Mendoza CONICET, Argentina,Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Carlos Gamarra-Luques
- Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CCT Mendoza CONICET, Argentina,Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina,Corresponding author. Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, CCT Mendoza CONICET, Av. Ruiz Leal s/n. Casilla de Correo 0855, CP5500, Mendoza, Provincia de Mendoza, Argentina.
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Colomeu TC, de Figueiredo D, de Matos da Silva P, Fernandes LGR, Zollner RDL. Antiproliferative and Pro-Oxidant Effect of Polyphenols in Aqueous Leaf Extract of Passiflora alata Curtis on Activated T Lymphocytes from Non-Obese Diabetic (NOD SHILT/J) Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081503. [PMID: 36009222 PMCID: PMC9405454 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative properties of Passiflora alata Curtis are due to the presence of polyphenols in its composition. Our previous work showed that non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice undergoing treatment with aqueous leaf extract of P. alata present reduced insulitis in the pancreas, possibly due to its anti-inflammatory properties. However, depending on the concentration and their ability to interact with other molecules, these phenolic compounds may promote oxidation reactions in some cellular components, such as proteins and lipids, thus presenting a pro-oxidant effect. The present work aimed to evaluate the in vitro effects of aqueous leaf extract of P. alata and its polyphenols (vitexin, isoorientin, rutin and catechin) on lymphocyte proliferation and viability, the cell cycle and oxidative stress. Our results showed that T lymphocytes stimulated with concanavalin A mitogen (ConA) and in the presence of IC50 concentrations of P. alata extract and polyphenols undergo cell injury via inhibition of proliferation, with these effects being more pronounced concerning CD4+ T cells (P. alata, 3.54 ± 0.34%; isoorientin, 57.07 ± 6.4%; vitexin, 16.95 ± 1.11%; catechin, 37.9 ± 4.2% and rutin, 40.14 ± 4.5%), compared to the non-treated group (77.17 ± 6.29) (p < 0.0001 for all comparisons). This process includes late apoptosis/necrosis induction (P. alata, 77.5 ± 0.7%; vitexin, 83 ± 3.3%; isoorientin, 83.8 ± 1.4%; catechin, 83 ± 1.9% and rutin, 74.9 ± 3.2, while the control presented 53.6% ± 3.1 (p < 0.0001 for all comparisons)) and mitochondrial depolarization leading to cell-death induction. Furthermore, an in vitro model of a mixed culture of NOD mice T cells with a mouse pancreatic beta-cell line (MIN6) showed increased intracellular nitric oxide and lipid peroxidation in NOD T cells submitted to P. alata extract (46.41 ± 3.08) compared to the untreated control group (33.57 ± 1.99, p = 0.01315). These results suggest that aqueous leaf extract of P. alata and the polyphenols in these leaves represent a target for translational research showing the plant’s benefits for developing new drugs with immunomodulatory properties against inflammatory diseases such as diabetes mellitus.
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Schumacher NSG, Fernandes LGR, de Lima Zollner R. Aqueous extract of Passiflora alata leaves modulates in vitro the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and CD86 expression in bone marrow-derived professional antigen-presenting cells polarizing NOD mice T cells to a Treg profile. Cytokine 2022; 152:155832. [PMID: 35202987 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.155832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages are professional antigen-presenting cells (pAPCs), numerous in the pancreas of nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice and playing an essential role in the autoimmune response of type 1 diabetes. The expression of the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is a critical factor for the tolerogenic activity of pAPCs, acting in the catabolism of tryptophan, providing metabolites that suppress the T cell effectors and induce T regulatory cells differentiation. Here we investigated the in vitro mechanisms of lyophilized aqueous extract from Passiflora alata leaves (LAEPAL) that modulates bone marrow-derived professional antigen-presenting cells (BM-pAPCs), affecting their ability to polarize T cells. A cell culture model was defined using mixed cultures of BM-pAPCs and T lymphocytes NOD mice with stressed MIN-6 cells as a source of pancreatic β cells antigens. We showed that the treatment with 300 µg/mL of LAEPAL induces a significant decrease in the CD4 and CD8 T effector lymphocytes proliferation from diabetic but not in non-diabetic mice, followed by a reduction of the IL-6 and IFN-γ cytokines release in the cell cultures supernatants. Moreover, we observed an increase of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Tregs in the cell cultures from diabetic mice. These results could be partially explained by the LAEPAL modulatory effects in BM-pAPCs, downregulating the CD86 co-stimulatory molecule expression, and increasing IDO-1 expression in F4/80+ BM-pAPCs. These results contribute to a better understanding of the polyphenols' immunomodulatory properties, meaning they could induce tolerogenic antigen-presenting cells, which could polarize T cells to a Treg profile and decrease the activity of CD4+ and CD8+ T effector cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayara Simon Gonzalez Schumacher
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-888, Brazil.
| | - Luís Gustavo Romani Fernandes
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-888, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo de Lima Zollner
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-888, Brazil.
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Sakuludomkan W, Yeewa R, Subhawa S, Khanaree C, Bonness AI, Chewonarin T. Effects of Fermented Houttuynia cordata Thunb. on Diabetic Rats Induced by a High-Fat Diet with Streptozotocin and on Insulin Resistance in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. J Nutr Metab 2021; 2021:6936025. [PMID: 34394985 PMCID: PMC8363462 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6936025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Houttuynia cordata Thunb. (plukaow in Thai language) exhibits several biological properties, and many products of H. cordata are therefore commercially available for human consumption, such as fermented juice or tablets as food supplements. This study aimed to investigate the antidiabetic effects of fermented H. cordata (HC) in high-fat diets and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Oral administration of HC at a dose of 100 mg/kg.bw not only maintained bodyweight, food intake, and water consumption but also reduced blood glucose levels and improved glucose tolerance ability in the diabetic rats. Moreover, HC also decreased oxidative stress markers in serum and inflammatory-related mediators in pancreas tissues, indicating the improvement of pancreatic beta-cell function in the diabetic rats. In order to clarify the mechanism of HC, the effects of ethanolic extract of HC (HCE) on insulin resistance were determined in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. FHE could recover glucose uptake and decrease lipolysis in palmitate-treated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Taken together, these results demonstrate that HC can improve diabetic symptoms by enhancing insulin sensitivity, reducing oxidative stress, and suppressing inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wannachai Sakuludomkan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 110 Intravaroros Road, Sripoom, Muang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Ranchana Yeewa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 110 Intravaroros Road, Sripoom, Muang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Subhawat Subhawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 110 Intravaroros Road, Sripoom, Muang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Chakkrit Khanaree
- The School of Traditional and Alternative Medicine, Chiang Rai Rajabhat University, 80 Phaholyothin Road, Ban Du, Muang, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Arisa Imsumran Bonness
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 110 Intravaroros Road, Sripoom, Muang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Teera Chewonarin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 110 Intravaroros Road, Sripoom, Muang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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JUNGHANS TATIANAG, JESUS ONILDON, SILVA JAILTONJ, FERREIRA MICHELES. In vitro storage of sweet passion fruit seeds as an innovation conservation alternative. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202120190901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Aguiar LM, Bicas JL, Fuentes E, Alarcón M, Gonzalez IP, Pastore GM, Maróstica MR, Cazarin CBB. Non-nutrients and nutrients from Latin American fruits for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Food Res Int 2020; 139:109844. [PMID: 33509467 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have been rapidly increasing; among them, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are responsible for around 1/3 of deaths in the world. Environmental factors play a central role in their development. Diet is a very important factor in this scenario, and the intake of fruits and vegetables has been considered as one of the critical strategies for reducing the risk of CVDs. Fruits are a source of micronutrients and bioactive compounds that could have cardioprotective effects through several distinct mechanisms, such as antioxidant, antithrombotic and antiplatelet activities, vasodilatation, improvement of plasma lipid profiles, and modulation of inflammatory signaling. Brazil has a very rich and unexplored biodiversity in its different biomes, with several types of fruit, which are a source of bioactive compounds and micronutrients with therapeutic properties. In this sense, this review shows the current knowledge regarding the cardioprotective properties of selected Latin American and Brazilian fruits, including their effects on the activation of platelets and on the inflammation processes involved in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lais Marinho Aguiar
- University of Campinas, School of Food Engineering, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Zip Code 13083-862, Campinas/SP, Brazil
| | - Juliano Lemos Bicas
- University of Campinas, School of Food Engineering, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Zip Code 13083-862, Campinas/SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Fuentes
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, 2 norte 685, Talca, Chile.
| | - Marcelo Alarcón
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, 2 norte 685, Talca, Chile.
| | - Ivan Palomo Gonzalez
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, 2 norte 685, Talca, Chile.
| | - Gláucia Maria Pastore
- University of Campinas, School of Food Engineering, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Zip Code 13083-862, Campinas/SP, Brazil.
| | - Mário Roberto Maróstica
- University of Campinas, School of Food Engineering, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Zip Code 13083-862, Campinas/SP, Brazil.
| | - Cinthia Baú Betim Cazarin
- University of Campinas, School of Food Engineering, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Zip Code 13083-862, Campinas/SP, Brazil.
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Borges RM, Alencar ERD, Costa AM, Junqueira NTV. Aspectos físico-químicos de genótipos de Passiflora alata Curtis. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF FOOD TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1981-6723.18819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Resumo O maracujá-doce (Passiflora alata Curtis) produz frutos comercializados para consumo in natura com aroma agradável, baixa acidez e elevados teores de sólidos solúveis totais. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar aspectos físico-químicos de frutos obtidos dos diferentes genótipos de P. alata. Foram avaliados os frutos de 14 genótipos previamente selecionados. Avaliaram-se o rendimento de polpa com e sem sementes, a composição química, teores de potássio e de sódio, pH, acidez total titulável, teor de sólidos solúveis totais, ratio, teores de compostos fenólicos e de flavonoides e cor. O experimento foi delineado em blocos casualizados (DBC) com quatro repetições. Foi realizada análise de variância e posteriormente teste de Scott-Knott, a 5% de probabilidade. Os genótipos 2, 5, 6, 7, 11, 13 e 14 se destacaram pelos maiores valores de ratio, sendo superiores a 11,0. Por outro lado, os genótipos 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12 e 13 apresentaram rendimento de polpa com semente acima de 18,0%. No que se refere aos compostos bioativos, destacaram-se os genótipos 1 e 7, em função dos teores de compostos fenólicos e de flavonoides, respectivamente. Os genótipos, obtidos a partir das seleções, demonstram a alta variabilidade na composição química da polpa e no conjunto de aspectos físicos e químicos do maracujá-doce.
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Pessato TB, de Carvalho NC, de Figueiredo D, Colomeu TC, Fernandes LGR, Netto FM, de L. Zollner R. Complexation of whey protein with caffeic acid or (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate as a strategy to induce oral tolerance to whey allergenic proteins. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 68:115-123. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Sudasinghe HP, Peiris DC. Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activity of aqueous leaf extract of Passiflora suberosa L. PeerJ 2018; 6:e4389. [PMID: 29479498 PMCID: PMC5824672 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Leaves of Passiflora suberosa L. (Family: Passifloraceae; common name: wild passion fruit, devil's pumpkin) are used in Sri Lankan traditional medicine for treating diabetes. The present study investigated the in vivo ability of P. suberosa leaves to manage blood sugar status and associated cholesterol levels. Mechanisms of action and toxicity were also determined. Phytochemical screening of aqueous extracts of P. suberosa leaves and carbohydrate content of the leaves were determined according to previously published methods. In two group of male mice (n = 9), effects on fasting and random blood glucose levels (BGLs) of different acute doses (0, 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg) of the aqueous leaf extract (ALE) were evaluated at 1, 3, and 5 h post-treatment. In another set of mice, the fasting BGL was evaluated following treatment of 0 or 50 mg/kg ALE (dose prescribed in traditional medicine) for 30 consecutive days. The lipid profile, some mechanism of ALE action (diaphragm glucose uptake, glycogen content in the liver and skeletal muscles) and its toxicity (behavioural observation, food and water intake, hepatoxicity) were also assessed following 30-day treatment. However, sucrose and glucose tolerance tests and intestinal glucose uptake were conducted to determine portion of mechanisms of action following single dose of 50 mg/kg ALE. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, unsaturated sterols, triterpenes, saponins, flavonoids, tannins and proanthocyanidins. Carbohydrate content of the leaves was 12.97%. The maximum hypoglycemic effect was observed after 4 h of 50 and 100 mg/kg ALE administration. The extract decreased fasting BGL (18%) following an oral sucrose challenge and inhibited (79%) glucose absorption from the intestine. Correspondingly, the levels of glycogen in the liver (61%) and in the skeletal muscles (57%) were found be higher than that of the control group. The levels of total cholesterol (17%) and tri-glyceraldehyde levels (12%) found to be reduced in treated groups. Furthermore, no significant toxic effects were observed in treated groups. The present results suggest that the leaves of P. suberosa can be used to manage blood glucose and cholesterol levels. Isolation of active compounds are recommended for further analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasani Prabodha Sudasinghe
- Department of Zoology (Centre for Plant materials & Herbal Products Research), University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Western Province, Sri Lanka
| | - Dinithi C Peiris
- Department of Zoology (Centre for Plant materials & Herbal Products Research), University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Western Province, Sri Lanka
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Bravo K, Duque L, Ferreres F, Moreno DA, Osorio E. Passiflora tarminiana fruits reduce UVB-induced photoaging in human skin fibroblasts. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2017; 168:78-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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