1
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Burgos CF, Cikutovic R, Alarcón M. MicroRNA expression in male infertility. Reprod Fertil Dev 2022; 34:805-818. [PMID: 35760398 DOI: 10.1071/rd21131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Male infertility is a multifactorial disorder that involves different physiopathological mechanisms and multiple genes. In this sense, we analyse the role of miRNAs in this pathology. Gene expression analysis can provide relevant information to detect biomarkers, signalling pathways, pathologic mechanisms, and potential therapeutic targets for the disease. In this review, we describe four miRNA microarrays related to patients who present infertility diseases, including azoospermia, asthenozoospermia, and oligoasthenozoospermic. We selected 13 miRNAs with altered expressions in testis tissue (hsa-miR-122-5p, hsa-miR-145-5p, hsa-miR-16-5p, hsa-miR-193a-3p, hsa-miR-19a-3p, hsa-miR-23a-3p, hsa-miR-30b-5p, hsa-miR-34b-5p, hsa-miR-34c-5p, hsa-miR-374b-5p, hsa-miR-449a, hsa-miR-574-3p and hsa-miR-92a-3p), and systematically examine the mechanisms of four relevant miRNAs (hsa-miR-16-5p, hsa-miR-19a-3p, hsa-miR-92a-3p and hsa-miR-30b-5p) which we found that regulated a large number of proteins. An interaction network was generated, and its connections allowed us to identify signalling pathways and interactions between proteins associated with male infertility. In this way, we confirm that the most affected and relevant pathway is the PI3K-Akt signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Burgos
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepcion, Chile
| | - R Cikutovic
- Universidad de Talca, Talca, 360000 Maule, Chile
| | - M Alarcón
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
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2
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Rodríguez-Solà R, Casas-Castillo MC, Zhang JJH, Kirchner R, Alarcón M, Periago C, De Linares C, Belmonte J. A study on correlations between precipitation ETCCDI and airborne pollen/fungal spore parameters in the NE Iberian Peninsula. Int J Biometeorol 2022; 66:1173-1187. [PMID: 35275236 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-022-02267-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Precipitation is one of the meteorological variables usually involved in the aerobiological studies, which presents a complex relationship with atmospheric levels of pollen and fungal spores and the temporal characteristics of their seasons. This complexity is due in a large part to rainfall's twofold impact of having, prior to pollination, a positive influence on subsequent pollen production and of contributing, during pollination, to pollen removal from the air through a wash-out effect. To better explore this impact, we place particular emphasis on extreme rainfall by calculating the correlation between airborne pollen and fungal spore parameters and the precipitation indices that the Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices (ETCCDI) proposed for characterising climate extremes. Parameters for twenty-seven pollen and fungal spore taxa measured in six aerobiological stations in the NE Iberian Peninsula have been considered. We have distinguished between annual and winter ETCCDI in order to compare the correlations between extreme rainfall and airborne pollen concentrations and to avoid the wash-out effect as far as possible. Results show a positive influence from an increase in moderately extreme winter rainfall, specifically on subsequent pollen/fungal spore production: the percentage of all possible significant correlations is higher for winter than for annual rainfall. Furthermore, while annual rainfall in this region has nearly the same number of positive as negative correlations, the positive correlations for winter rainfall are more than twice that of the negative ones. The seasonal consideration on rainfall ETCCDI made with the aim to avoid the confounding overlapping of different rainfall impacts has led to more sharpened observations of its positive and negative effects on airborne pollen and fungal spore concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rodríguez-Solà
- Department of Physics, ETSEIB, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya·BarcelonaTech, Diagonal 647, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M C Casas-Castillo
- Department of Physics, ESEIAAT, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya·BarcelonaTech, Colom 1, 08222, Terrassa, Spain.
| | - J J Ho Zhang
- Department of Physics, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya·BarcelonaTech, Eduard Maristany 16, 08019, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Kirchner
- Department of Physics, ESEIAAT, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya·BarcelonaTech, Colom 1, 08222, Terrassa, Spain
| | - M Alarcón
- Department of Physics, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya·BarcelonaTech, Eduard Maristany 16, 08019, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Periago
- Department of Physics, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya·BarcelonaTech, Eduard Maristany 16, 08019, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C De Linares
- Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience, Universitat Autònoma de Bellaterra, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Granada, Granada, 18071, Spain
| | - J Belmonte
- Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience, Universitat Autònoma de Bellaterra, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology (ICTA-UAB), Universitat Autònoma de Bellaterra, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
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3
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Rodríguez-Solà R, Casas-Castillo MC, Zhang JJH, Kirchner R, Alarcón M, Periago C, De Linares C, Belmonte J. Correction to: A study on correlations between precipitation ETCCDI and airborne pollen/fungal spore parameters in the NE Iberian Peninsula. Int J Biometeorol 2022; 66:1189. [PMID: 35352172 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-022-02277-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R Rodríguez-Solà
- Department of Physics, ETSEIB, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya·BarcelonaTech, Diagonal 647, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M C Casas-Castillo
- Department of Physics, ESEIAAT, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya·BarcelonaTech, Colom 1, 08222, Terrassa, Spain.
| | - J J Ho Zhang
- Department of Physics, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya·BarcelonaTech, Eduard Maristany 16, 08019, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Kirchner
- Department of Physics, ESEIAAT, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya·BarcelonaTech, Colom 1, 08222, Terrassa, Spain
| | - M Alarcón
- Department of Physics, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya·BarcelonaTech, Eduard Maristany 16, 08019, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Periago
- Department of Physics, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya·BarcelonaTech, Eduard Maristany 16, 08019, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C De Linares
- Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience, Universitat Autònoma de Bellaterra, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain
| | - J Belmonte
- Department of Animal Biology, Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience, Universitat Autònoma de Bellaterra, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
- Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology (ICTA-UAB), Universitat Autònoma de Bellaterra, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
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Espinoza C, Alarcón M. The Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2: Mechanisms, Aging, Sequelae and Vaccines. Mini Rev Med Chem 2022; 22:2166-2185. [PMID: 35249484 DOI: 10.2174/1389557522666220304231537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This review seeks to clarify the factors involved in the various immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and the mechanisms that influence the development of COVID-19 with severe evolution. The innate immune response that evolves against SARS-CoV-2 in a complex way is highlighted, integrating multiple pathways by coronaviruses to evade it, in addition to characterizing the adaptive immune response, which can lead to an effective immune response or can contribute to immunopathological imbalance. In turn, host-dependent biomarkers such as age, gender, ABO blood group, and risk factors that contribute to the critical and varied progress of COVID-19 immunopathogenesis were analyzed. Finally, the potential vaccine candidates are presented, capable of generating immune protection with humoral and/or cellular neutralizing responses, in favor of blocking and destroying both the new human coronavirus and its variants, which cause the current pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Espinoza
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
- Thrombosis Research Center, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Marcelo Alarcón
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
- Thrombosis Research Center, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
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5
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Acosta J, Flores P, Alarcón M, Grande-Ortiz M, Moreno-Exebio L, Puyen ZM. A randomised controlled trial to evaluate a medication monitoring system for TB treatment. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2022; 26:44-49. [PMID: 34969428 PMCID: PMC8734191 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.21.0373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Adherence to TB treatment and therefore treatment success could be improved using digital adherence technology.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of a medication event reminder monitor system (MERM) on treatment success and treatment adherence in patients with drug-susceptible pulmonary TB in Perú.METHODS: This was an experimental, randomised, open-label, controlled study conducted among patients in the second phase of TB treatment. The intervention group received their medications through MERM with the support of a treatment monitor, whereas the control group used the usual strategy. Participants were followed until they completed the 54 doses of the second phase of treatment.RESULTS: The study included 53 patients in each group; four in the intervention group withdrew from the study. Treatment success was significantly more frequent in the MERM group (RR 1.15, 95% CI 1.02-1.30; P = 0.0322). There was no significant difference in the adherence outcomes; however, the percentage of patients who missed at least one dose and patients with more than 10% of total doses missed were lower in the intervention group.CONCLUSION: The use of MERM in the second phase of treatment showed a significant improvement in the treatment success rate in patients with drug-susceptible pulmonary TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Acosta
- Facultad de Medicina Humana, Universidad Nacional del Centro del Perú, Huancayo, Peru
| | - P Flores
- Instituto Nacional de Salud, Lima, Peru
| | - M Alarcón
- Instituto Nacional de Salud, Lima, Peru
| | | | | | - Z M Puyen
- Instituto Nacional de Salud, Lima, Peru, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru
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Aguiar LM, Bicas JL, Fuentes E, Alarcón M, Gonzalez IP, Pastore GM, Maróstica MR, Cazarin CBB. Non-nutrients and nutrients from Latin American fruits for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Food Res Int 2020; 139:109844. [PMID: 33509467 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have been rapidly increasing; among them, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are responsible for around 1/3 of deaths in the world. Environmental factors play a central role in their development. Diet is a very important factor in this scenario, and the intake of fruits and vegetables has been considered as one of the critical strategies for reducing the risk of CVDs. Fruits are a source of micronutrients and bioactive compounds that could have cardioprotective effects through several distinct mechanisms, such as antioxidant, antithrombotic and antiplatelet activities, vasodilatation, improvement of plasma lipid profiles, and modulation of inflammatory signaling. Brazil has a very rich and unexplored biodiversity in its different biomes, with several types of fruit, which are a source of bioactive compounds and micronutrients with therapeutic properties. In this sense, this review shows the current knowledge regarding the cardioprotective properties of selected Latin American and Brazilian fruits, including their effects on the activation of platelets and on the inflammation processes involved in atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lais Marinho Aguiar
- University of Campinas, School of Food Engineering, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Zip Code 13083-862, Campinas/SP, Brazil
| | - Juliano Lemos Bicas
- University of Campinas, School of Food Engineering, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Zip Code 13083-862, Campinas/SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Fuentes
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, 2 norte 685, Talca, Chile.
| | - Marcelo Alarcón
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, 2 norte 685, Talca, Chile.
| | - Ivan Palomo Gonzalez
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, 2 norte 685, Talca, Chile.
| | - Gláucia Maria Pastore
- University of Campinas, School of Food Engineering, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Zip Code 13083-862, Campinas/SP, Brazil.
| | - Mário Roberto Maróstica
- University of Campinas, School of Food Engineering, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Zip Code 13083-862, Campinas/SP, Brazil.
| | - Cinthia Baú Betim Cazarin
- University of Campinas, School of Food Engineering, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Zip Code 13083-862, Campinas/SP, Brazil.
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Arauna D, Cerda A, García-García JF, Wehinger S, Castro F, Méndez D, Alarcón M, Fuentes E, Palomo I. Polypharmacy Is Associated with Frailty, Nutritional Risk and Chronic Disease in Chilean Older Adults: Remarks from PIEI-ES Study. Clin Interv Aging 2020; 15:1013-1022. [PMID: 32636616 PMCID: PMC7334011 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s247444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To analyze the relationship between polypharmacy and variables as frailty and other chronic comorbidities in Chilean older adults. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS One thousand two hundred and five older adults aged 65 and older. METHODS The presence or absence of frailty syndrome was determined according to Fried criteria. Data collection was made through questionnaires conducted by an interview. RESULTS The prevalence of polypharmacy was 37.59%. The prevalence of hyperpolypharmacy was 2%. Increased prevalence of frailty was demonstrated regarding the progression of the state of polypharmacy. When analyzing the contribution of frailty respect polypharmacy condition, frail state, nutritional risk and obesity are founded as a factor associated with polypharmacy. Regarding chronic disease, hypertension (OR: 8.039, p<0.0001), type 2 diabetes (OR: 4.001, p<0.0001) and respiratory diseases (OR: 2.930, p<0.0001) were associated to polypharmacy. It was found a strong and significant positive correlation between polypharmacy prevalence and frailty score (polypharmacy condition, Spearman R: 0.89, p=0.033; hyperpolypharmacy condition, Spearman R: 0.94, p=0.016). When analyzing the contribution of the polypharmacy to the presence of frailty, polypharmacy condition (OR: 1.510, p<0.05), cognitive impairment (OR: 3.887, p<0.001), obesity (OR: 1.560, p<0.01) and nutritional risk (OR: 2.590, p<0.001) are associated to frailty. CONCLUSION Frailty and chronic conditions as nutritional risk, obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes and respiratory disease are an important risk factor for the development of polypharmacy in Chilean older adults. Likewise, polypharmacy condition was observed to be a risk factor for frailty, demonstrating the bidirectional relationship between both conditions. Frailty syndrome evaluation in Chilean older adults could be an important alternative for polypharmacy prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Arauna
- Thrombosis Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Interdisciplinary Center on Aging, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Alvaro Cerda
- Thematic Task Force on Healthy Aging, CUECH Research Network, Viña Del Mar, Chile
- Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine, CEMT-BIOREN, Department of Basic Sciences, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | | | - Sergio Wehinger
- Thrombosis Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Interdisciplinary Center on Aging, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Felipe Castro
- School of Medicine, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Diego Méndez
- Thrombosis Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Interdisciplinary Center on Aging, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Marcelo Alarcón
- Thrombosis Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Interdisciplinary Center on Aging, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Eduardo Fuentes
- Thrombosis Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Interdisciplinary Center on Aging, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
- Thematic Task Force on Healthy Aging, CUECH Research Network, Viña Del Mar, Chile
| | - Iván Palomo
- Thrombosis Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Interdisciplinary Center on Aging, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
- Thematic Task Force on Healthy Aging, CUECH Research Network, Viña Del Mar, Chile
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Alarcón M, Bustos M, Mendez D, Fuentes E, Palomo I, Lutz M. In Vitro Assay of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) and Lupin (Lupinus spp.) Extracts on Human Platelet Aggregation. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2020; 75:215-222. [PMID: 32086676 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-019-00786-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death throughout the world. A major risk factor for CVD is platelet aggregation. Various plant extracts exhibit anti-aggregatory action in vitro. The dietary intake of traditional plant crops such as quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) and lupin (Lupinus spp., Fabaceae family), highly recognized for their high nutritional value, is increasing worldwide. The aim of the study was to assay possible antiplatelet effects of quinoa and lupin bean extracts in vitro. The proximate chemical composition of quinoa grains and the three most widely known lupin cultivars: blue (L. angustifolius), yellow (L. luteus or mutabilis) and white (L. albus) grown in Chile were analyzed. The anti-aggregation activity of the ethanol extracts of the crops was assayed using flow cytometry in ADP-stimulated human platelets, and their inhibition of the maximal platelet aggregation was measured. All the lupin extracts exhibited a significant anti-aggregatory effect (p < 0.0001), while quinoa extracts did not exert this effect compared to control platelets. In conclusion, lupin beans extracts exhibited an anti-aggregatory effect on activated human platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Alarcón
- Thematic Task Force on Aging, CUECH Research Network, Santiago, Chile
- Thrombosis Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences and Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Ageing (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, 2 Norte 685, Talca, Chile
| | - Michelle Bustos
- Thrombosis Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences and Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Ageing (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, 2 Norte 685, Talca, Chile
| | - Diego Mendez
- Thrombosis Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences and Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Ageing (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, 2 Norte 685, Talca, Chile
| | - Eduardo Fuentes
- Thematic Task Force on Aging, CUECH Research Network, Santiago, Chile
- Thrombosis Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences and Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Ageing (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, 2 Norte 685, Talca, Chile
| | - Ivan Palomo
- Thematic Task Force on Aging, CUECH Research Network, Santiago, Chile.
- Thrombosis Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences and Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Ageing (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, 2 Norte 685, Talca, Chile.
| | - Mariane Lutz
- Thematic Task Force on Aging, CUECH Research Network, Santiago, Chile.
- Interdisciplinary Center for Health Studies, CIESAL, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, Viña del Mar, Chile.
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Méndez D, Urra FA, Millas-Vargas JP, Alarcón M, Rodríguez-Lavado J, Palomo I, Trostchansky A, Araya-Maturana R, Fuentes E. Synthesis of antiplatelet ortho-carbonyl hydroquinones with differential action on platelet aggregation stimulated by collagen or TRAP-6. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 192:112187. [PMID: 32155530 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the world. Platelets have a major role in cardiovascular events as they bind to the damaged endothelium activating and forming thrombi. Although some hydroquinone scaffold-containing compounds have known antiplatelet activities, currently there is a lack of evidence on the antiplatelet activity of hydroquinones carrying electron attractor groups. In this work, we evaluate the antiplatelet effect of a series of ortho-carbonyl hydroquinone derivatives on cytotoxicity and function of human platelets, using collagen and thrombin receptor activator peptide 6 (TRAP-6) as agonists. Our structure-activity relationship study shows that gem-diethyl/methyl substitutions and the addition/modifications of the third ring of ortho-carbonyl hydroquinone scaffold influence on the selective index (IC50 TRAP-6/IC50 Collagen) and the inhibitory capacity of platelet aggregation. Compounds 3 and 8 inhibit agonist-induced platelet aggregation in a non-competitive manner with IC50 values of 1.77 ± 2.09 μM (collagen) and 11.88 ± 4.59 μM (TRAP-6), respectively and show no cytotoxicity. Both compounds do not affect intracellular calcium levels and mitochondrial bioenergetics. Consistently, they reduce the expression of P-selectin, activation of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa, and release of adenosine triphosphate and CD63 from platelet. Our findings may be used for further development of new drugs in platelet-related thrombosis diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Méndez
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Félix A Urra
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; Network for Snake Venom Research and Drug Discovery, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Juan Pablo Millas-Vargas
- Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Programa de Investigación Asociativa en Cáncer Gástrico (PIA-CG), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Marcelo Alarcón
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Julio Rodríguez-Lavado
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Iván Palomo
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Andrés Trostchansky
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Ramiro Araya-Maturana
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile; Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Programa de Investigación Asociativa en Cáncer Gástrico (PIA-CG), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile; Network for Snake Venom Research and Drug Discovery, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Eduardo Fuentes
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile.
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Arauna D, García F, Rodríguez-Mañas L, Marrugat J, Sáez C, Alarcón M, Wehinger S, Espinosa-Parrilla Y, Palomo I, Fuentes E. Older adults with frailty syndrome present an altered platelet function and an increased level of circulating oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction biomarker GDF-15. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 149:64-71. [PMID: 31926293 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The elderly population is increasing worldwide and in Chile, it is expected to grow rapidly. The World Health Organization (WHO) ICOPE guideline (Integrated Care for Older People) emphasizes the importance of frailty diagnosis to prevent dependence. Frailty in older adults is considered an indicator of vulnerability and poor health outcomes, of multifactorial etiology. Our objective was to investigate the association of activation of coagulation and increased risk of thrombosis with frailty in people older than 64 years. A prevalent-case control study was designed with 28 frail older and 27 robust older adults (non-frail, control group) older than 64 years. Frailty was defined by Fried's Phenotype, Platelet aggregation and activation plasma levels of Thromboxane B2 (TXB2), 8-isoprostane and Growth Differentiation Factor-15 (GDF-15) were determined. RESULTS Compared to healthy controls, frail older adults, had a) higher percentage of platelet aggregation induction with ADP 4 μM (82.85% (3.35) and 73.41% (3.26), p-value = 0.024) and subaggregant dose of ADP (30.83% (7.47) and 13.25% (3.21), p-value = 0.002); b) higher platelet activation: P-selectin exposure (18.23% (4.41) and 6.96% (1.08), p-value = 0.011), and activated GPIIβ-IIIα (21.51% (3.41) and 8.26% (1.18), p-value = 0.001), at the baseline level and against a subaggregant dose ADP: P-selectin exposure (46.93% (5.95) and 13.41% (3.35), p-value = 0.002) and activated GPIIβ-IIIα (43.29% (6.04) and 26.71% (4.92), p-value = 0.024); c) higher plasma levels of TXB2 (201.8 ng/mL (59.53-236.3) and 45.77 ng/mL (25.14-98.26), p-value<0.0001), d) elevated plasma levels of 8-isoprostane (70.94 pg/mL, IQ: 65.89-99,96 and 56.24 pg/mL, IQ: 42.18-74.81, p-value = 0.001), and e) higher plasma GDF-15 levels (2,379 pg/mL, IQ: 1,845-4,121and 1367 pg/mL, IQ: 1190-1747, p-value = 0.0001). DISCUSSION Older adults with frailty syndrome have an upregulated platelet activity that may contribute to an increased risk of thrombosis and aspirin resistance. The elevated oxidative stress and increases of GDF-15 levels might be related to altered platelet responsiveness in frail patients. CONCLUSION The determination of biomarkers of platelet dysfunction, oxidative stress and cell senescence/mitochondrial dysfunction may contribute to frailty diagnosis, and approaches aimed at regulating platelet function in frail older adults could contribute to its prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Arauna
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Francisco García
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario de Toledo, Toledo, Spain
| | | | - Jaume Marrugat
- REGICOR Research Group, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Claudia Sáez
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcelo Alarcón
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Sergio Wehinger
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Yolanda Espinosa-Parrilla
- Thematic Task Force on Healthy Aging, CUECH Research Network, Chile; School of Medicine and Laboratory of Molecular Medicine (LMM), Center for Education, Healthcare and Investigation (CADI), Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
| | - Iván Palomo
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile; Thematic Task Force on Healthy Aging, CUECH Research Network, Chile.
| | - Eduardo Fuentes
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile; Thematic Task Force on Healthy Aging, CUECH Research Network, Chile.
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Arauna D, Furrianca M, Espinosa-Parrilla Y, Fuentes E, Alarcón M, Palomo I. Natural Bioactive Compounds As Protectors Of Mitochondrial Dysfunction In Cardiovascular Diseases And Aging. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24234259. [PMID: 31766727 PMCID: PMC6930637 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Diet, particularly the Mediterranean diet, has been considered as a protective factor against the development of cardiovascular diseases, the main cause of death in the world. Aging is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, which have an oxidative pathophysiological component, being the mitochondria one of the key organelles in the regulation of oxidative stress. Certain natural bioactive compounds have the ability to regulate oxidative phosphorylation, the production of reactive oxygen species and the expression of mitochondrial proteins; but their efficacy within the mitochondrial physiopathology of cardiovascular diseases has not been clarified yet. The following review has the purpose of evaluating several natural compounds with evidence of mitochondrial effect in cardiovascular disease models, ascertaining the main cellular mechanisms and their potential use as functional foods for prevention of cardiovascular disease and healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Arauna
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Center on Aging, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; (D.A.); (M.A.)
| | - María Furrianca
- Thematic Task Force on Aging, CUECH Research Network, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (M.F.); (Y.E.-P.)
- Departamento de enfermería, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas 6200000, Chile
| | - Yolanda Espinosa-Parrilla
- Thematic Task Force on Aging, CUECH Research Network, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (M.F.); (Y.E.-P.)
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine —LMM, Center for Education, Healthcare and Investigation—CADI, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas 6200000, Chile
- School of Medicine, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas 6200000, Chile
| | - Eduardo Fuentes
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Center on Aging, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; (D.A.); (M.A.)
- Thematic Task Force on Aging, CUECH Research Network, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (M.F.); (Y.E.-P.)
- Correspondence: (E.F.); (I.P.)
| | - Marcelo Alarcón
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Center on Aging, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; (D.A.); (M.A.)
- Thematic Task Force on Aging, CUECH Research Network, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (M.F.); (Y.E.-P.)
| | - Iván Palomo
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Center on Aging, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; (D.A.); (M.A.)
- Thematic Task Force on Aging, CUECH Research Network, Santiago 8320000, Chile; (M.F.); (Y.E.-P.)
- Correspondence: (E.F.); (I.P.)
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Exposito J, Natera-de Benito D, Carrera L, Frongia A, Alarcón M, Borras A, Armas J, Martorell L, Moya O, Padros N, Roca S, Vigo M, Medina J, Colomer J, Ortez C, Nascimento A. P.226Longitudinal study of the natural history of spinal muscular atrophy type 2 and 3. Neuromuscul Disord 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2019.06.340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hernández B, Fuentes E, Palomo I, Alarcón M. Increased platelet function during frailty. Exp Hematol 2019; 77:12-25.e2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2019.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Espinosa-Parrilla Y, Gonzalez-Billault C, Fuentes E, Palomo I, Alarcón M. Decoding the Role of Platelets and Related MicroRNAs in Aging and Neurodegenerative Disorders. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 11:151. [PMID: 31312134 PMCID: PMC6614495 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are anucleate cells that circulate in blood and are essential components of the hemostatic system. During aging, platelet numbers decrease and their aggregation capacity is reduced. Platelet dysfunctions associated with aging can be linked to molecular alterations affecting several cellular systems that include cytoskeleton rearrangements, signal transduction, vesicular trafficking, and protein degradation. Age platelets may adopt a phenotype characterized by robust secretion of extracellular vesicles that could in turn account for about 70-90% of blood circulating vesicles. Interestingly these extracellular vesicles are loaded with messenger RNAs and microRNAs that may have a profound impact on protein physiology at the systems level. Age platelet dysfunction is also associated with accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Thereby understanding the mechanisms of aging in platelets as well as their age-dependent dysfunctions may be of interest when evaluating the contribution of aging to the onset of age-dependent pathologies, such as those affecting the nervous system. In this review we summarize the findings that link platelet dysfunctions to neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, Multiple Sclerosis, Huntington's Disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. We discuss the role of platelets as drivers of protein dysfunctions observed in these pathologies, their association with aging and the potential clinical significance of platelets, and related miRNAs, as peripheral biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Espinosa-Parrilla
- School of Medicine, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine-LMM, Center for Education, Healthcare and Investigation-CADI, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas, Chile
- Thematic Task Force on Healthy Aging, CUECH Research Network, Santiago, Chile
| | - Christian Gonzalez-Billault
- Thematic Task Force on Healthy Aging, CUECH Research Network, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratory of Cell and Neuronal Dynamics, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism GERO, Santiago, Chile
- The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, United States
| | - Eduardo Fuentes
- Thematic Task Force on Healthy Aging, CUECH Research Network, Santiago, Chile
- Thrombosis Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences and Research Center for Aging, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Ivan Palomo
- Thematic Task Force on Healthy Aging, CUECH Research Network, Santiago, Chile
- Thrombosis Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences and Research Center for Aging, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Marcelo Alarcón
- Thematic Task Force on Healthy Aging, CUECH Research Network, Santiago, Chile
- Thrombosis Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences and Research Center for Aging, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
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Alarcón M. Generation of platelet-derived microparticles through the activation of the toll-like receptor 4. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01486. [PMID: 31008410 PMCID: PMC6458467 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Infection from different bacterial may increase the risk of thrombosis and atherosclerosis risk by production and secretion of many proinflammatory factors. Human platelets have toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), the principal receptor for lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The activation of platelet produces Platelet-derived Microparticles (PDMPs) measuring less than 1.0 micron (that are very abundant in circulation >90%), which are associated with the development of Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs), the leading cause of death in the world. Objectives Experiments were designed to evaluate the generation of pro-thrombogenic microparticles in vitro on platelets via TLR4 activation. Methods Platelet-rich plasma and washed platelets from healthy volunteers were incubated for the generation of PDMPs. The best source for the generation of microparticles was washed platelets. Then the washed platelets were incubated for 15 minutes with ultrapure Escherichia coli LPS (0–9 μg/mL) followed by activation with ADP (1 μM, subaggregant concentration), centrifuged for 60 minutes and analyzed by flow cytometry. Results Incubating platelets with LPS (9 μg/mL) and ADP (1 μM) produced a 34-fold increase in PDMPs generation. Finally, we evaluated this protocol to detect the inhibition of PDMPs generation, washed platelets were incubated with acetylsalicylic acid (10 μM) and an inhibition of 7.7-fold in PDMPs generation for activation of TLR4 was found. Conclusion A new and easy protocol for PDMPs generation and analysis by Flow Cytometry is established. In the future it could be used to determine the association of PDMPs with different pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alarcón
- Thrombosis Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Research Center for Aging, Universidad de Talca, 2 Norte 685, Talca, Post code 3460000, Chile
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Frongia AL, Natera-de Benito D, Ortez C, Alarcón M, Borrás A, Medina J, Vigo M, Padrós N, Moya O, Armas J, Carrera-García L, Expósito-Escudero J, Cuadras D, Bernal S, Martorell L, Colomer J, Nascimento A. Salbutamol tolerability and efficacy in patients with spinal muscular atrophy type II. Neuromuscul Disord 2019; 29:517-524. [PMID: 31201046 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by homozygous deletions or loss-of-function mutations in SMN1, which result in a degeneration of motor neurons in the spinal cord and brain stem. Even without a randomized placebo-controlled trial, salbutamol has been offered to patients with SMA in the neuromuscular clinics of most of hospitals for many years. We describe the response to salbutamol in 48 patients with SMA type II who were not taking any other medication. We investigate the changes over an eighteen-month period in motor functional scales and we analyze side effects and subjective response to treatment. Our results suggest that oral administration of salbutamol might be helpful in the maintenance of motor function in patients with SMA type II. An apparent beneficial effect was observed in functional scales of children under the age of 6, especially during the first 6 months of therapy. The majority of patients of all ages referred some kind of subjective positive effect associated with therapy intake. Salbutamol seemed safe and was well tolerated without serious side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Frongia
- Neuromuscular Unit, Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain
| | - D Natera-de Benito
- Neuromuscular Unit, Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain.
| | - C Ortez
- Neuromuscular Unit, Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain
| | - M Alarcón
- Neuromuscular Unit, Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Borrás
- Neuromuscular Unit, Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain
| | - J Medina
- Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Vigo
- Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Padrós
- Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain
| | - O Moya
- Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Armas
- Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Carrera-García
- Neuromuscular Unit, Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain
| | - J Expósito-Escudero
- Neuromuscular Unit, Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain
| | - D Cuadras
- Statistics Department, Fundacio Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Bernal
- Department of Genetics, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Martorell
- Department of Genetics, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Colomer
- Neuromuscular Unit, Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain
| | - A Nascimento
- Neuromuscular Unit, Neuropaediatrics Department, Institut de Recerca Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; Center for the Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain
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Lutz M, Fuentes E, Ávila F, Alarcón M, Palomo I. Roles of Phenolic Compounds in the Reduction of Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Diseases. Molecules 2019; 24:E366. [PMID: 30669612 PMCID: PMC6359321 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24020366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The population is now living longer during the period classified as "elderly" (60 years and older), exhibiting multimorbidity associated to the lengthening of the average life span. The dietary intake of phenolic compounds (PC) may affect the physiology, disease development and progression during the aging process, reducing risk factors of age related diseases. The aim of this review is to briefly describe some of the possible effects of a series of PC on the reduction of risk factors of the onset of cardiovascular diseases, considering their potential mechanisms of action. The main actions described for PC are associated with reduced platelet activity, anti-inflammatory effects, and the protection from oxidation to reduce LDL and the generation of advanced glycation end products. Preclinical and clinical evidence of the physiological effects of various PC is presented, as well as the health claims approved by regulatory agencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariane Lutz
- Thematic Task Force on Healthy Aging, CUECH Research Network, Santiago, Chile.
- Interdisciplinary Center for Health Studies, CIESAL, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, Angamos 655, Reñaca, Viña del Mar 2520000, Chile.
| | - Eduardo Fuentes
- Thematic Task Force on Healthy Aging, CUECH Research Network, Santiago, Chile.
- Thrombosis Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Research Center for Aging, Universidad de Talca, 2 Norte 685, Talca 3460000, Chile.
| | - Felipe Ávila
- Thematic Task Force on Healthy Aging, CUECH Research Network, Santiago, Chile.
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile.
| | - Marcelo Alarcón
- Thematic Task Force on Healthy Aging, CUECH Research Network, Santiago, Chile.
- Thrombosis Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Research Center for Aging, Universidad de Talca, 2 Norte 685, Talca 3460000, Chile.
| | - Iván Palomo
- Thematic Task Force on Healthy Aging, CUECH Research Network, Santiago, Chile.
- Thrombosis Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Research Center for Aging, Universidad de Talca, 2 Norte 685, Talca 3460000, Chile.
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Palomo I, Giacaman RA, León S, Lobos G, Bustamante M, Wehinger S, Tapia JC, Fuentes M, Alarcón M, García F, Albala C, Fuentes E. Analysis of the characteristics and components for the frailty syndrome in older adults from central Chile. The PIEI-ES study. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2019; 80:70-75. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Burgos CF, Sanchéz C, Sepúlveda C, Fuentes E, Palomo I, Alarcón M. Anti-aggregation effect on platelets of Indiplon a hypnotic sedative non-benzodiazepine drug. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 111:378-385. [PMID: 30594050 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are one of the main public health problems, and many of them, their pathophysiology involves alterations in platelet activity. Platelet activation is an essential event that is regulated by the intracellular concentrations of Ca2+ and cAMP. Interestingly, it has been shown that the activation of adenosine A2A receptors increases cAMP levels and produces the inhibition of platelet aggregation, which appears as a potential target for regulation of platelet activity. Therefore, we tried to activate A2A receptors using Indiplon, a drug developed for the treatment of insomnia, and analyze its effect on platelet activity in vitro. Our results indicate that Indiplon is able to interact in silico with the adenosine A2A receptor (ΔGbind of -73.321 kcal/mol, similar to that obtained with adenosine), which is involved in the regulation of platelet cAMP levels. In functional studies using PRP, a reduction in platelet aggregation induced by ADP was observed in the presence of Indiplon at 500 μM with a percentage of inhibition 70%, where the use of specific inhibitors (ZM241385 and MSX-2) of the A2A receptor also blocked these effects reducing the percentage of inhibition to 41% and 34.1%, respectively. Also, the use of Indiplon produced a decrease in the expression in the membrane of P-selectin. Thus, Indiplon acts as an A2A receptor agonist and whose activation results in inhibition of platelet aggregation and activation, showing a possible cardiovascular protective role.
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Affiliation(s)
- C F Burgos
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chile
| | - C Sanchéz
- Thrombosis Reasearch Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Chile
| | - C Sepúlveda
- Thrombosis Reasearch Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Chile; Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Gore Maule, R09I2001 Talca, Chile
| | - E Fuentes
- Thrombosis Reasearch Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Chile; Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Gore Maule, R09I2001 Talca, Chile
| | - I Palomo
- Thrombosis Reasearch Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Chile; Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Gore Maule, R09I2001 Talca, Chile
| | - M Alarcón
- Thrombosis Reasearch Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Chile; Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Gore Maule, R09I2001 Talca, Chile.
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Sepúlveda C, Hernández B, Burgos CF, Fuentes E, Palomo I, Alarcón M. The cAMP/PKA Pathway Inhibits Beta-amyloid Peptide Release from Human Platelets. Neuroscience 2018; 397:159-171. [PMID: 30496824 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The main component of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ), the brain of these patients is characterized by deposits in the parenchyma and cerebral blood vessels known as cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). On the other hand, the platelets are the major source of the Aβ peptide in circulation and once secreted can activate the platelets and endothelial cells producing the secretion of several inflammatory mediators that finally end up unchaining the CAA and later AD. In the present study we demonstrate that cAMP/PKA pathway plays key roles in the regulation of calpain activation and secretion of Aβ in human platelets. We confirmed that inhibition of platelet functionality occurred when platelets were incubated with forskolin (molecule that rapidly increased cAMP levels). In this sense we found that platelets pre-incubated with forskolin (20 μM) present a complete inhibition of calpain activity and this effect is reversed using an inhibitor of protein kinase A. Consequentially, when platelets were inhibited by forskolin a reduction in the processing of the APP with the consequent decrease in the Aβ peptide secretion was observed. Therefore our study provides novel insight in relation to the mechanism of processing and release of the Aβ peptide from human platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sepúlveda
- Thrombosis Reasearch Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Chile; Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Gore Maule, R09I2001 Talca, Chile
| | - B Hernández
- Thrombosis Reasearch Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Chile; Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Gore Maule, R09I2001 Talca, Chile
| | - C F Burgos
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Chile
| | - E Fuentes
- Thrombosis Reasearch Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Chile; Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Gore Maule, R09I2001 Talca, Chile
| | - I Palomo
- Thrombosis Reasearch Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Chile; Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Gore Maule, R09I2001 Talca, Chile
| | - M Alarcón
- Thrombosis Reasearch Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Chile; Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Gore Maule, R09I2001 Talca, Chile.
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21
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Natera - de Benito D, Frongia A, Alarcón M, Borras A, Armas J, Exposito J, Carrera L, Martorell L, Moya D, Padros N, Roca S, Vigo M, Medina J, Colomer J, Ortez C, Nascimento A. SMA CLINICAL DATA, OUTCOME MEASURES AND REGISTRIES. Neuromuscul Disord 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2018.06.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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22
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Soriano A, Alañón ME, Alarcón M, García-Ruíz A, Díaz-Maroto MC, Pérez-Coello MS. Oak wood extracts as natural antioxidants to increase shelf life of raw pork patties in modified atmosphere packaging. Food Res Int 2018; 111:524-533. [PMID: 30007715 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The use of antioxidants and refrigeration storage in modified atmosphere packaging, MAP, are the main strategies to slow down the oxidative and microbial deterioration of fresh meat. Synthetic antioxidants are commonly used for this purpose, however due to their controversial health effects, natural alternatives for their replacement are being looked for. The main aim of this work is the evaluation of pressurised aqueous extracts from oak wood as natural preservative of pork patties. The effect of different amounts of oak wood extracts (0.05, 0.5 and 1.0%) on the self-life of pork patties packed in MAP in refrigeration during 12 days were studied in comparison with the use of sodium ascorbate as synthetic preservative. Samples treated with oak wood extracts showed lower lipid oxidation, higher antioxidant capacity and an inhibitory effect on the enterobacteria growth. Furthermore, the addition of oak wood extracts resulted in a dramatically decrease of the volatile compounds coming from the lipid oxidation reactions. On the other hand, it is noteworthy that the use of oak wood extracts modified sensorial characteristics. Intensity colour was higher and new sensorial features such as oak wood and sweet spices appeared which were well appreciated.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Soriano
- Area of Food Technology, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - M E Alañón
- Regional Institute for Applied Scientific Research (IRICA), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.
| | - M Alarcón
- Area of Food Technology, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - A García-Ruíz
- Area of Food Technology, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - M C Díaz-Maroto
- Area of Food Technology, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; Regional Institute for Applied Scientific Research (IRICA), University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - M S Pérez-Coello
- Area of Food Technology, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
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23
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Abstract
Human aging is characterized by both physical and physiological frailty that profoundly affects the immune system. In this context aging is associated with declines in adaptive and innate immunity established as immunosenescence. Immunosenescence is a new concept that reflects the age-associated restructuring changes of innate and adaptive immune functions. Thus elderly individuals usually present chronic low-level inflammation, higher infection rates and chronic diseases. A study of alterations in the immune system during aging could provide a potentially useful biomarker for the evaluation of immune senescence treatment. The immune system is the result of the interplay between innate and adaptive immunity, yet the impact of aging on this function is unclear. In this article the function of the immune system during aging is explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Fuentes
- Platelet Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging/ PIEI-ES, Universidad de Talca, Postal Code 3460000, Casilla 747, Talca, Chile.,Núcleo Científico Multidisciplinario, Universidad de Talca, Postal Code 3460000, Casilla 747, Talca, Chile
| | - Manuel Fuentes
- Platelet Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging/ PIEI-ES, Universidad de Talca, Postal Code 3460000, Casilla 747, Talca, Chile
| | - Marcelo Alarcón
- Platelet Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging/ PIEI-ES, Universidad de Talca, Postal Code 3460000, Casilla 747, Talca, Chile
| | - Iván Palomo
- Platelet Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging/ PIEI-ES, Universidad de Talca, Postal Code 3460000, Casilla 747, Talca, Chile
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24
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Recabarren-Leiva D, Alarcón M. Standardization of a fast and effective method for the generation and detection of platelet-derived microparticles by a flow cytometer. Immunol Lett 2018; 194:79-84. [PMID: 29329679 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The Flow Cytometry is the principal method used to measure platelet-derived microparticles (PDMPs), by fluorescent properties analysis. PDMPs (0.1-1.0 μm) are abundant in circulation, accounting for approximately 90% of the microparticles and are associated with Cardiovascular Disease, the leading cause of death in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcelo Alarcón
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Chile; Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile.
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25
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Recabarren-Leiva D, Alarcón M. New insights into the gene expression associated to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Life Sci 2018; 193:110-123. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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26
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Ortez C, Natera D, Colomer J, Itzep D, Alarcón M, Frongia A, Jou C, Codina A, Jimenez-Mallebrera C, Martorell L, Biancalana V, González L, Gallano P, Nascimento A. X-Linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM): phenotypic variability. Neuromuscul Disord 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2017.06.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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27
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Colomer J, De B, Ortez C, Jou C, Jiménez-Mallebrera C, Olivé M, Codina A, Alarcón M, Mamiesse AF, Corbera J, Lia A, Roldan M, Nascimento A. C-terminal binding protein 1 (CtBP1) deficiency, mimicking congenital myopathy during infancy. Neuromuscul Disord 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2017.06.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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28
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Fuentes F, Alarcón M, Badimon L, Fuentes M, Klotz KN, Vilahur G, Kachler S, Padró T, Palomo I, Fuentes E. Guanosine exerts antiplatelet and antithrombotic properties through an adenosine-related cAMP-PKA signaling. Int J Cardiol 2017; 248:294-300. [PMID: 28811090 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Guanosine is a natural product and an endogenous nucleoside that has shown to increase during myocardial ischemia. Platelets are critically involved in ischemic coronary events. It remains unknown, however, whether guanosine may affect platelet activation and function. We sought to investigate the potential antiplatelet and antithrombotic properties of guanosine and decipher the mechanisms behind. METHODS We firstly assessed the effects of guanosine on platelet activation/aggregation upon stimulation with several platelet agonists including adenosine diphosphate (ADP), collagen, arachidonic acid (AA), and TRAP-6. Guanosine antithrombotic potential was also evaluated both in vitro (Badimon perfusion chamber) and in vivo (murine model). In addition we assessed any potential effect on bleeding. At a mechanistic level we determined the release of thromboxane B2, intraplatelet cAMP levels, the binding affinity on platelet membrane, and the activation/phosphorylation of protein kinase A (PKA), phospholipase C (PLC) and PKC. RESULTS Guanosine markedly inhibited platelet activation/aggregation-challenged by ADP and, although to a lesser extent, also reduced platelet aggregation challenged by collagen, AA and TRAP-6. Guanosine significantly reduced thrombus formation both in vitro and in vivo without significantly affects bleeding. Guanosine antiplatelet effects were associated with the activation of the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway, and a reduction in thromboxane B2 levels and PLC and PKC phosphorylation. The platelet aggregation and binding affinity assays revealed that guanosine effects on platelets were mediated by adenosine. CONCLUSION Guanosine effectively reduces ADP-induced platelet aggregation and limits thrombotic risk. These antithrombotic properties are associated with the activation of the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Fuentes
- Becario Obstetricia y Ginecología, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Marcelo Alarcón
- Platelet Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile; Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Gore Maule, R09I2001 Talca, Chile
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Science Institute - ICCC,IIB-Sant Pau, CIBERCV, Barcelona, Spain; Cardiovascular Research Chair, Universidad Autónoma Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Fuentes
- Platelet Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Karl-Norbert Klotz
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gemma Vilahur
- Cardiovascular Science Institute - ICCC,IIB-Sant Pau, CIBERCV, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sonja Kachler
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Teresa Padró
- Cardiovascular Science Institute - ICCC,IIB-Sant Pau, CIBERCV, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iván Palomo
- Platelet Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile; Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Gore Maule, R09I2001 Talca, Chile.
| | - Eduardo Fuentes
- Platelet Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile; Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Gore Maule, R09I2001 Talca, Chile; Núcleo Científico Multidisciplinario, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile.
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29
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Abstract
Three neurodegenerative diseases [Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD)] have many characteristics like pathological mechanisms and genes. In this sense some researchers postulate that these diseases share the same alterations and that one alteration in a specific protein triggers one of these diseases. Analyses of gene expression may shed more light on how to discover pathways, pathologic mechanisms associated with the disease, biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets. In this review, we analyze four microarrays related to three neurodegenerative diseases. We will systematically examine seven genes (CHN1, MDH1, PCP4, RTN1, SLC14A1, SNAP25 and VSNL1) that are altered in the three neurodegenerative diseases. A network was built and used to identify pathways, miRNA and drugs associated with ALS, AD and PD using Cytoscape software an interaction network based on the protein interactions of these genes. The most important affected pathway is PI3K-Akt signalling. Thirteen microRNAs (miRNA-19B1, miRNA-107, miRNA-124-1, miRNA-124-2, miRNA-9-2, miRNA-29A, miRNA-9-3, miRNA-328, miRNA-19B2, miRNA-29B2, miRNA-124-3, miRNA-15A and miRNA-9-1) and four drugs (Estradiol, Acetaminophen, Resveratrol and Progesterone) for new possible treatments were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcelo Alarcón
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile.
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30
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Fuentes M, Sepúlveda C, Alarcón M, Palomo I, Fuentes E. Buddleja globosa (matico) prevents collagen-induced platelet activation by decreasing phospholipase C-gamma 2 and protein kinase C phosphorylation signaling. J Tradit Complement Med 2017; 8:66-71. [PMID: 29321991 PMCID: PMC5755983 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets play a key role in thrombosis and cardiovascular diseases. Medicinal plants could be one of the most important factors that influence risks for platelet activation. Buddleja globosa (known as “matico”) is a medicinal plant with many biological activities. The high content of polyphenols suggest that matico could have antiplatelet activity. The present study was aimed at evaluating mechanisms of antiplatelet action of an extract of matico. We demonstrated that matico extract at low concentrations and in a concentration dependent manner (0.05–1 mg/mL) was a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation in response to collagen, convulsion and ADP (IC50 values was 61 μg/mL, 72 μg/mL and 290 μg/mL, respectively). In this sense matico extract exerted the greatest antiaggregant activity induced by collagen. Similarly, matico showed a decrease in % of positive platelet for P-selectina (vehicle, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/mL were 32 ± 2%, 29 ± 2 (p < 0.05), 19 ± 1 (p < 0.01), 15 ± 2 (p < 0.01), 10 ± 1% (p < 0.01) and 7 ± 2% (p < 0.01), respectively) and PAC-1 binding (vehicle, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/mL were 59 ± 1, 58 ± 3 (n.s), 55 ± 2 (p < 0.05), 50 ± 2 (p < 0.01), 38 ± 1 (p < 0.01), 36 ± 2 (p < 0.01). The cellular mechanism for the antiplatelet activity of matico might be mediated by the inhibition of phospholipase C-gamma 2 and protein kinase C phosphorylation. This beneficial property of matico may be of importance in thrombosis, in which platelet activation and aggregation are important determinants of thrombus initiation and development, and may contribute to the beneficial effects of matico intake in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Fuentes
- Platelet Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Cesar Sepúlveda
- Platelet Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Marcelo Alarcón
- Platelet Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Iván Palomo
- Platelet Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile.,Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Gore Maule, R09I2001, Talca, Chile
| | - Eduardo Fuentes
- Platelet Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile.,Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Gore Maule, R09I2001, Talca, Chile.,Núcleo Científico Multidisciplinario, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
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31
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Wiik-Nielsen J, Alarcón M, Jensen BB, Haugland Ø, Mikalsen AB. Viral co-infections in farmed Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., displaying myocarditis. J Fish Dis 2016; 39:1495-1507. [PMID: 27146423 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Several different viruses have been associated with myocarditis-related diseases in the Atlantic salmon aquaculture industry. In this study, we investigated the presence of PMCV, SAV, PRV and the recently identified Atlantic salmon calicivirus (ASCV), alone and as co-infections in farmed Atlantic salmon displaying myocarditis. The analyses were performed at the individual level and comprised qPCR and histopathological examination of 397 salmon from 25 farms along the Norwegian coast. The samples were collected in 2009 and 2010, 5-22 months post-sea transfer. The study documented multiple causes of myocarditis and revealed co-infections including individual fish infected with all four viruses. There was an overall correlation between lesions characteristic of CMS and PD and the presence of PMCV and SAV, respectively. Although PRV was ubiquitously present, high viral loads were with a few exceptions, correlated with lesions characteristic of HSMI. ASCV did not seem to have any impact on myocardial infection by PMCV, SAV or PRV. qPCR indicated a negative correlation between PMCV and SAV viral loads. Co-infections result in mixed and atypical pathological changes which pose a challenge for disease diagnostic work.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M Alarcón
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Ø Haugland
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Department of Basic Science and Aquatic Medicine, Oslo, Norway
| | - A B Mikalsen
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Department of Basic Science and Aquatic Medicine, Oslo, Norway
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32
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Alarcón M, Thoen E, Poppe TT, Bornø G, Mohammad SN, Hansen H. Co-infection of Nucleospora cyclopteri (Microsporidia) and Kudoa islandica (Myxozoa) in farmed lumpfish, Cyclopterus lumpus L., in Norway: a case report. J Fish Dis 2016; 39:411-418. [PMID: 25865243 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 01/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This study describes a co-infection of Kudoa islandica (Myxozoa) and Nucleospora cyclopteri (Microsporida) in farmed lumpfish, Cyclopterus lumpus L., in Norway. Several other parasites (Cryptocotyle sp., protozoan ciliates and Gyrodactylus sp.) were also found in gills. In June 2013, the mortality in a farmed lumpfish population increased to 65%. Lumpfish showed erratic swimming behaviour and loss of weight. At necropsy, nodules in the kidney were the only visible lesions. Histologically, all fish showed severe changes with gill inflammation and necrosis in the spleen, kidney and liver. Haemorrhages and necrosis were observed in some hearts. Intracellular microsporidians associated with the lesions were detected in most organs using histological examination and Calcofluor White. Kudoa spores were diagnosed in the skeletal muscle, but no inflammatory response was associated with the presence of the plasmodia. Comparison of 18S ribosomal DNA sequences showed 100% similarity to Kudoa islandica and Nucleospora cyclopteri. Kudoa islandica and N. cyclopteri have previously been described associated with lesions in wild lumpfish in Iceland. In the present case, N. cyclopteri is believed to be the main cause of systemic pathology. This is the first description of K. islandica and N. cyclopteri causing pathology in farmed lumpfish in Norway.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alarcón
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Harstad, Norway
| | - E Thoen
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway
| | - T T Poppe
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - G Bornø
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Harstad, Norway
| | | | - H Hansen
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway
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33
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Alarcón M, Gulla S, Røsaeg MV, Rønneseth A, Wergeland H, Poppe TT, Nilsen H, Colquhoun DJ. Pasteurellosis in lumpsucker Cyclopterus lumpus, farmed in Norway. J Fish Dis 2016; 39:489-495. [PMID: 25828053 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Alarcón
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway
| | - S Gulla
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway
- Vaxxinova Norway AS, Bergen, Norway
| | - M V Røsaeg
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - T T Poppe
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - H Nilsen
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway
| | - D J Colquhoun
- Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway
- University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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34
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Gonzales F, Bruno B, Béhal H, Alarcón M, Nelken B, Yakoub-Agha I, Gandemer V, Spiegel A, Sirvent A, Duhamel A, Seguy D. Avantages de la nutrition entérale sur la nutrition parentérale dans les 3 mois suivants une allogreffe de cellules souches hématopoïétiques chez l’enfant : étude multicentrique rétrospective appariée sur 10ans. NUTR CLIN METAB 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2016.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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35
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Navarrete S, Alarcón M, Palomo I. Aqueous Extract of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and Ferulic Acid Reduce the Expression of TNF-α and IL-1β in LPS-Activated Macrophages. Molecules 2015; 20:15319-29. [PMID: 26307961 PMCID: PMC6332211 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200815319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute inflammation is essential for defending the body against pathogens; however, when inflammation becomes chronic, it is harmful to the body and is part of the pathophysiology of various diseases such as Diabetes Mellitus type 2 (DM2) and Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) among others. In chronic inflammation macrophages play an important role, mainly through the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines such as Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and Interleukin (IL)-1β, explained in part by activation of the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a signaling pathway which culminates in the activation of Nuclear factor (NF)-κB, an important transcription factor in the expression of these proinflammatory genes. On the other hand, the benefits on health of a diet rich in fruit and vegetables are well described. In this work, the effects of aqueous extract of tomato and ferulic acid on the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in LPS activated monocyte-derived THP-1 macrophages were investigated. In addition, using Western blot, we investigated whether the inhibition was due to the interference on activation of NF-κB. We found that both the tomato extract and ferulic acid presented inhibitory activity on the expression of TNF-α and IL-1β cytokine by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB. The current results suggest that tomatoes and ferulic acid may contribute to prevention of chronic inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simón Navarrete
- Immunology and Haematology Laboratory, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile.
| | - Marcelo Alarcón
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile.
- Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Gore Maule R09I2001, Chile.
| | - Iván Palomo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile.
- Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Gore Maule R09I2001, Chile.
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Mairal M, Sanmartín I, Aldasoro JJ, Culshaw V, Manolopoulou I, Alarcón M. Palaeo-islands as refugia and sources of genetic diversity within volcanic archipelagos: the case of the widespread endemicCanarina canariensis(Campanulaceae). Mol Ecol 2015; 24:3944-63. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.13282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Mairal
- Real Jardín Botánico (RJB-CSIC); 28014 Madrid Spain
| | - I. Sanmartín
- Real Jardín Botánico (RJB-CSIC); 28014 Madrid Spain
| | - J. J. Aldasoro
- Institut Botànic de Barcelona (IBB-CSIC-ICUB); 08038 Barcelona Spain
| | - V. Culshaw
- Real Jardín Botánico (RJB-CSIC); 28014 Madrid Spain
| | | | - M. Alarcón
- Institut Botànic de Barcelona (IBB-CSIC-ICUB); 08038 Barcelona Spain
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Abstract
Activated platelets play a critical role in the acute complications of atherosclerosis that cause life-threatening ischemic events at late stages of the disease. The miRNAs are a novel class of small, non-coding RNAs that play a significant role in both inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases. The miRNAs are known to be present in platelets and exert important regulatory functions. Here we systematically examine the genes that are regulated by platelet miRNAs (miRNA-223,miRNA-126,miRNA-21, miRNA-24 and miRNA-197) and the association with cardiovascular disease risks. Platelet-secreted miRNAs could be novel biomarkers associated with cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Fuentes
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile; Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Gore Maule R09I2001, Chile
| | - Iván Palomo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile; Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Gore Maule R09I2001, Chile.
| | - Marcelo Alarcón
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile; Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Gore Maule R09I2001, Chile.
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Mairal M, Pokorny L, Aldasoro JJ, Alarcón M, Sanmartín I. Ancient vicariance and climate-driven extinction explain continental-wide disjunctions in Africa: the case of the Rand Flora genusCanarina(Campanulaceae). Mol Ecol 2015; 24:1335-54. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.13114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Mairal
- Real Jardín Botánico (RJB-CSIC); 28014 Madrid Spain
| | - L. Pokorny
- Real Jardín Botánico (RJB-CSIC); 28014 Madrid Spain
| | - J. J. Aldasoro
- Institut Botànic de Barcelona (IBB-CSIC); 08038 Barcelona Spain
| | - M. Alarcón
- Institut Botànic de Barcelona (IBB-CSIC); 08038 Barcelona Spain
| | - I. Sanmartín
- Real Jardín Botánico (RJB-CSIC); 28014 Madrid Spain
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Fuentes E, Forero-Doria O, Alarcón M, Palomo I. Inhibitory effects of Cyperus digitatus extract on human platelet function in vitro. Platelets 2014; 26:764-70. [PMID: 25548968 DOI: 10.3109/09537104.2014.997689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to investigate the mechanisms of antiplatelet action of Cyperus digitatus. The antiplatelet action of C. digitatus was studied on platelet function: secretion, adhesion, aggregation, and sCD40L release. The platelet ATP secretion and aggregation were significantly inhibited by CDA (ethyl acetate extract) at 0.1 mg/ml and after the incubation of whole blood with CDA, the platelet coverage was inhibited by 96 ± 3% (p < 0.001). At the same concentration, CDA significantly decreased sCD40L levels. The mechanism of antiplatelet action of CDA could be by NF-κB inhibition and that is cAMP independent. In conclusion, C. digitatus extract may serve as a new source of antiplatelet agents for food and nutraceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Fuentes
- a Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology , Faculty of Health Sciences. Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca , Talca , Chile .,b Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional , Gore Maule, R09I2001 , Chile , and
| | - Oscar Forero-Doria
- c Chemical Institute of Natural Resources, Universidad de Talca , Talca , Chile
| | - Marcelo Alarcón
- a Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology , Faculty of Health Sciences. Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca , Talca , Chile .,b Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional , Gore Maule, R09I2001 , Chile , and
| | - Iván Palomo
- a Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology , Faculty of Health Sciences. Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca , Talca , Chile .,b Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional , Gore Maule, R09I2001 , Chile , and
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Fuentes E, Pereira J, Mezzano D, Alarcón M, Caballero J, Palomo I. Inhibition of platelet activation and thrombus formation by adenosine and inosine: studies on their relative contribution and molecular modeling. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112741. [PMID: 25393959 PMCID: PMC4231063 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The inhibitory effect of adenosine on platelet aggregation is abrogated after the addition of adenosine-deaminase. Inosine is a naturally occurring nucleoside degraded from adenosine. Objectives The mechanisms of antiplatelet action of adenosine and inosine in vitro and in vivo, and their differential biological effects by molecular modeling were investigated. Results Adenosine (0.5, 1 and 2 mmol/L) inhibited phosphatidylserine exposure from 52±4% in the control group to 44±4 (p<0.05), 29±2 (p<0.01) and 20±3% (p<0.001). P-selectin expression in the presence of adenosine 0.5, 1 and 2 mmol/L was inhibited from 32±4 to 27±2 (p<0.05), 14±3 (p<0.01) and 9±3% (p<0.001), respectively. At the concentrations tested, only inosine to 4 mmol/L had effect on platelet P-selectin expression (p<0.05). Adenosine and inosine inhibited platelet aggregation and ATP release stimulated by ADP and collagen. Adenosine and inosine reduced collagen-induced platelet adhesion and aggregate formation under flow. At the same concentrations adenosine inhibited platelet aggregation, decreased the levels of sCD40L and increased intraplatelet cAMP. In addition, SQ22536 (an adenylate cyclase inhibitor) and ZM241385 (a potent adenosine receptor A2A antagonist) attenuated the effect of adenosine on platelet aggregation induced by ADP and intraplatelet level of cAMP. Adenosine and inosine significantly inhibited thrombosis formation in vivo (62±2% occlusion at 60 min [n = 6, p<0.01] and 72±1.9% occlusion at 60 min, [n = 6, p<0.05], respectively) compared with the control (98±2% occlusion at 60 min, n = 6). A2A is the adenosine receptor present in platelets; it is known that inosine is not an A2A ligand. Docking of adenosine and inosine inside A2A showed that the main difference is the formation by adenosine of an additional hydrogen bond between the NH2 of the adenine group and the residues Asn253 in H6 and Glu169 in EL2 of the A2A receptor. Conclusion Therefore, adenosine and inosine may represent novel agents lowering the risk of arterial thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Fuentes
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
- Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Gore Maule, Talca, Chile
- * E-mail: (IP); (EF)
| | - Jaime Pereira
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Diego Mezzano
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marcelo Alarcón
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
- Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Gore Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Julio Caballero
- Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Simulations, Faculty of Engineering in Bioinformatics, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Iván Palomo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
- Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Gore Maule, Talca, Chile
- * E-mail: (IP); (EF)
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Alarcón M, Fuentes E, Olate N, Navarrete S, Carrasco G, Palomo I. Strawberry extract presents antiplatelet activity by inhibition of inflammatory mediator of atherosclerosis (sP-selectin, sCD40L, RANTES, and IL-1β) and thrombus formation. Platelets 2014; 26:224-9. [DOI: 10.3109/09537104.2014.898747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Abstract
Animal models are used for the development of techniques and/or models that aid the study of thrombosis pathophysiology. The aim of the present study was to modify the technique of in vivo thrombosis induction to make it more accessible. BALB/c mice were intraperitoneally anesthetized with 0.4 ml 2,2,2-tribromoethanol (266.6 mg/kg) and xylazine (13.3 mg/kg), whilst maintaining stable blood pressure and temperature. Through abdominal surgery, the mesentery was identified and isolated for the visualization of the arteries. A simple epifluorescence magnifier was used to detect the presence of thrombi. The results obtained indicate that using rose bengal at concentrations of 25 and 50 mg/kg and a laser power of 5 mW, thrombus formation occurred. In addition, formation of the thrombus occurred ~30 min following induction and the thrombus had a total area of 4,878.3 μm2, which caused total occlusion of the mesenteric artery. For visualization, platelets were labeled with calcein acetyloxymethyl ester for 1 h, which resulted in improved observation of thrombus formation in real time. Therefore, this technique may be used to perform in vivo studies simply and at low cost, and is suitable for use in a variety of studies of thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Pérez
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), University of Talca, Talca, Maule 3460000, Chile
| | - Marcelo Alarcón
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), University of Talca, Talca, Maule 3460000, Chile ; Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Talca, Maule R09I2001, Chile
| | - Eduardo Fuentes
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), University of Talca, Talca, Maule 3460000, Chile ; Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Talca, Maule R09I2001, Chile
| | - Iván Palomo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), University of Talca, Talca, Maule 3460000, Chile ; Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Talca, Maule R09I2001, Chile
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Fuentes E, Caballero J, Alarcón M, Rojas A, Palomo I. Chlorogenic acid inhibits human platelet activation and thrombus formation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90699. [PMID: 24598787 PMCID: PMC3944540 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chlorogenic acid is a potent phenolic antioxidant. However, its effect on platelet aggregation, a critical factor in arterial thrombosis, remains unclear. Consequently, chlorogenic acid-action mechanisms in preventing platelet activation and thrombus formation were examined. METHODS AND RESULTS Chlorogenic acid in a dose-dependent manner (0.1 to 1 mmol/L) inhibited platelet secretion and aggregation induced by ADP, collagen, arachidonic acid and TRAP-6, and diminished platelet firm adhesion/aggregation and platelet-leukocyte interactions under flow conditions. At these concentrations chlorogenic acid significantly decreased platelet inflammatory mediators (sP-selectin, sCD40L, CCL5 and IL-1β) and increased intraplatelet cAMP levels/PKA activation. Interestingly, SQ22536 (an adenylate cyclase inhibitor) and ZM241385 (a potent A2A receptor antagonist) attenuated the antiplatelet effect of chlorogenic acid. Chlorogenic acid is compatible to the active site of the adenosine A2A receptor as revealed through molecular modeling. In addition, chlorogenic acid had a significantly lower effect on mouse bleeding time when compared to the same dose of aspirin. CONCLUSIONS Antiplatelet and antithrombotic effects of chlorogenic acid are associated with the A2A receptor/adenylate cyclase/cAMP/PKA signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Fuentes
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
- Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Gore Maule, Talca, Chile
- * E-mail: (IP); (EF)
| | - Julio Caballero
- Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Simulations, Faculty of Engineering in Bioinformatics, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Marcelo Alarcón
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
- Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Gore Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Armando Rojas
- Biomedical Research Laboratories, Medicine Faculty, Catholic University of Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Iván Palomo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
- Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Gore Maule, Talca, Chile
- * E-mail: (IP); (EF)
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Fuentes E, Badimon L, Caballero J, Padró T, Vilahur G, Alarcón M, Pérez P, Palomo I. Protective mechanisms of adenosine 5'-monophosphate in platelet activation and thrombus formation. Thromb Haemost 2013; 111:491-507. [PMID: 24306059 DOI: 10.1160/th13-05-0386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Platelet activation is relevant to a variety of acute thrombotic events. We sought to examine adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) mechanisms of action in preventing platelet activation, thrombus formation and platelet-related inflammatory response. We assessed the effect of AMP on 1) P-selectin expression and GPIIb/IIIa activation by flow cytometry; 2) Platelet aggregation and ATP secretion induced by ADP, collagen, TRAP-6, convulxin and thrombin; 3) Platelet rolling and firm adhesion, and platelet-leukocyte interactions under flow-controlled conditions; and, 4) Platelet cAMP levels, sP-selectin, sCD40L, IL-1β, TGF-β1 and CCL5 release, PDE3A activity and PKA phosphorylation. The effect of AMP on in vivo thrombus formation was also evaluated in a murine model. The AMP docking with respect to A2 adenosine receptor was determined by homology. AMP concentration-dependently (0.1 to 3 mmol/l) inhibited P-selectin expression and GPIIb/IIIa activation, platelet secretion and aggregation induced by ADP, collagen, TRAP-6 and convulxin, and diminished platelet rolling and firm adhesion. Furthermore, AMP induced a marked increase in the rolling speed of leukocytes retained on the platelet surface. At these concentrations AMP significantly decreased inflammatory mediator from platelet, increased intraplatelet cAMP levels and inhibited PDE3A activity. Interestingly, SQ22536, ZM241385 and SCH58261 attenuated the antiplatelet effect of AMP. Docking experiments revealed that AMP had the same orientation that adenosine inside the A2 adenosine receptor binding pocket. These in vitro antithrombotic properties were further supported in an in vivo model of thrombosis. Considering the successful use of combined antiplatelet therapy, AMP may be further developed as a novel antiplatelet agent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - I Palomo
- Iván Palomo G., PhD, Immunology and Haematology Laboratory, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Casilla: 747, Talca, Chile, Tel.: +56 71 200493, Fax: +56 71 20048, E-mail:
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Durán-Lara E, Guzmán L, John A, Fuentes E, Alarcón M, Palomo I, Santos LS. PAMAM dendrimer derivatives as a potential drug for antithrombotic therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 69:601-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.08.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Revised: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Fuentes E, Forero-Doria O, Carrasco G, Maricán A, Santos LS, Alarcón M, Palomo I. Effect of tomato industrial processing on phenolic profile and antiplatelet activity. Molecules 2013; 18:11526-36. [PMID: 24048285 PMCID: PMC6270454 DOI: 10.3390/molecules180911526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Revised: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regular consumption of fruits and vegetables (e.g., tomatoes) has been shown to be beneficial in terms of reducing the incidence of cardiovascular diseases. The industrial processing of tomatoes into tomato-based products includes several thermal treatments. Very little is known on the effect of tomato industrial processing on antiaggregatory activity and phenolic profile. METHODS It was assessed the effect of tomato and by-products extracts on platelet aggregation induced by ADP, collagen, TRAP-6 and arachidonic acid. These in vitro antithrombotic properties were further supported in an in vivo model of thrombosis. A set of antiplatelet compounds has been selected for HPLC analysis in the different extracts. RESULTS Some natural compounds such as chlorogenic, caffeic, ferulic and p-coumaric acids were identified by HPLC in tomatoes and its products may inhibit platelet activation. Red tomatoes, tomato products (sauce, ketchup and juice) and by-products extracts inhibited platelet aggregation induced adenosine 5'-diphosphate, collagen, thrombin receptor activator peptide-6 and arachidonic acid, but to a different extent. Also, pomace extract presents antithrombotic activity. CONCLUSIONS Processed tomatoes may have a higher content of health-benefiting compounds than fresh ones. Pomace even presents the best antiplatelet activity. Finally, tomato products may be used as a functional ingredient adding antiplatelet activities to processed foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Fuentes
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; E-Mails: (E.F.); (M.A.)
- Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Gore Maule, R09I2001, Talca, Chile
| | - Oscar Forero-Doria
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis, Institute of Chemistry and Natural Resources, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; E-Mails: (O.F.-D.); ; (A.M.)
| | - Gilda Carrasco
- Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; E-Mail:
| | - Adolfo Maricán
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis, Institute of Chemistry and Natural Resources, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; E-Mails: (O.F.-D.); ; (A.M.)
| | - Leonardo S. Santos
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Synthesis, Institute of Chemistry and Natural Resources, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; E-Mails: (O.F.-D.); ; (A.M.)
| | - Marcelo Alarcón
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; E-Mails: (E.F.); (M.A.)
- Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Gore Maule, R09I2001, Talca, Chile
| | - Iván Palomo
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile; E-Mails: (E.F.); (M.A.)
- Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), CONICYT-Regional, Gore Maule, R09I2001, Talca, Chile
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +56-71-200484; Fax: +56-71-200488
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Wiik-Nielsen J, Alarcón M, Fineid B, Rode M, Haugland Ø. Genetic variation in Norwegian piscine myocarditis virus in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L. J Fish Dis 2013; 36:129-139. [PMID: 23126380 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Revised: 08/13/2012] [Accepted: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Cardiomyopathy syndrome (CMS) in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., is a severe cardiac disease characterized by a necrotizing myocarditis involving the atrium and the spongious part of the ventricle. The disease is caused by piscine myocarditis virus (PMCV), a double-stranded RNA virus likely belonging to the family Totiviridae. The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic variation in Norwegian PMCV isolates focusing on the putative structural proteins encoded by open reading frames (ORFs) 1 and 3. The virus isolates were sampled from a total of 36 farms along the Norwegian coastline. This study represents the first investigation of PMCV genome variation and shows that Norwegian isolates are highly similar, with the most divergent isolates sharing 98.6% nucleotide identity. Interestingly, amino acid sequence diversity within ORF3 is approximately threefold higher than for ORF1. While phylogenetic analysis based on concatenated nucleotide data covering ORF1 and ORF3 revealed four main clusters, the maximum sequence variation of 1.4% at the nucleotide level suggests that all Norwegian isolates belong to a single genogroup. Substantial sequence variation within farms was also observed, which may complicate future molecular epidemiological investigations. The genetic homogeneity among the Norwegian isolates might facilitate development of both diagnostic tools and an efficient vaccine against CMS in the future.
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López-Damián EP, Fiordelisio T, Lammoglia MA, Alarcón M, Asprón M, Galina CS. 155 CHARACTERIZATION OF LIPID DROPLETS IN BOS INDICUS AND BOS TAURUS EMBRYOS. Reprod Fertil Dev 2013. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv25n1ab155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Accurate evaluation of bovine embryos for assessing developmental stage and quality is critical to the success of any embryo transfer program. However, this evaluation process has been reported to be highly subjective in Bos indicus (BI) and can vary as much as 23% compared with that of Bos taurus (BT). These differences in assessment may be related to the quantity of lipid droplets (LD) within the embryo, which has been shown to have a negative effect in cryopreserving embryos. The aim of the present study was to characterize the number and size of LD in different developmental stages of fresh embryos from BI and BT and to compare LD across the three different embryo quality grades (1 = excellent or good, 2 = fair, and 3 = poor). Nonsurgical embryo collection was performed 7 days post-insemination in 10 BI and 10 BT females. Forty-eight embryos were evaluated for stage and grade using stereoscopic microscopy, processed for transmission electron microscopy, and stained with Nile red. Digitalized images were analyzed with ImageJ (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA), contour of lipid droplets were designed, and values of perimeter, area, and fluorescence intensity were assessed. Nonparametric statistical analysis (Mann–Whitney) was utilized. There was no difference in LD number for BT or BI for morulae and blastocyst; however, BI morulae presented larger LD compared with blastocyst stage embryos (286 µm2 v. 223 µm2; P < 0.05). Likewise, BI TF cells had more LD compared with inner cell mass (ICM) cells (48 v. 36; P < 0.05). BT TF cells exhibited larger LD compared with ICM cells (149 µm2 v. 128 µm2; P < 0.05), while BI embryos exhibited a larger area of LD in the ICM compared with the TF (591 µm2 v. 472 µm2; P < 0.05). In all embryos, BI contained more lipid droplets than BT (78 v. 49; P < 0.05). Across all quality grades (good, fair, and poor) there was no difference in the number of LD in BT embryos; however, BI grade-3 embryos presented more LD than grade-1 (36 v. 25). BT embryos LD were larger than BI LD (907 µm2 v. 625 µm2; P < 0.05). Fluorescence images showed higher arbitrary units of fluorescence (auf) for LD in BI. Compared with BT embryos (386 auf v. 280 auf; P < 0.05). These results suggest that BI embryos contain more and smaller LD than BT embryos and the LD described for BI embryo quality grade 1 are larger than those of quality grades 2 and 3, and even though the number of LD in morulae and blastocyst stage embryos are not different LD size is reduced as development occurs.
Research funding provided by UNAM-DGAPA-PAPIIT IN200810.
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Palomo I, Herrera J, Cancino V, Alarcón M, Mujica V, Leiva E, Díaz N, Icaza G, Urzúa A, Vásquez M, Gonzalez DR, Moore-Carrasco R. Physical activity reduces circulating TNF-alpha but not pro-thrombotic factors levels in patients with metabolic syndrome. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2010.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Piggot J, Shirinyan D, Shemmassian S, Vazirian S, Alarcón M. Neural systems approaches to the neurogenetics of autism spectrum disorders. Neuroscience 2009; 164:247-56. [PMID: 19482063 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2008] [Revised: 05/08/2009] [Accepted: 05/22/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Autism is generally accepted as the most genetic of all the developmental neuropsychiatric syndromes. However, despite more than several decades of genetic study, the etiology of autism remains unknown, largely due to the genetic and phenotypic diversity, or heterogeneity, of this disorder, and the lack of biologically based classification systems. At the same time, in the neuroimaging literature, the body of research identifying candidate neural systems underlying aspects of autistic impairment has grown considerably, fueled by the advent of technologies such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Yet the findings from these neuroimaging studies have not been incorporated to inform the collection of samples for genetic studies of autism, which are predominantly based on a diagnosis of the disorder. This article presents a review of the genetics of autism and describes the genetic approaches that have been applied, including the phenotypic strategies that have been used to address heterogeneity and optimize the power of these genetic studies. With the increasing recognition that there may be different "autisms" (Geschwind and Levitt, 2007) with unique neural mechanisms, it is argued that neural systems research, using technologies such as fMRI, currently allows for the identification of more biologically informative phenotypes for genetic studies of autism and is positioned to identify informative neuroimaging markers for "neurogenetic" studies of the disorder. To illustrate this, we describe several candidate neural systems for the social communication impairment seen in autism, and the characteristic behavioral and physiological manifestations associated with these that could be incorporated into phenotypic assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Piggot
- Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1769, USA.
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