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Fan X, Chu R, Jiang X, Ma P, Chu Y, Hua T, Yang M, Ding R, Li J, Xiang Z, Yuan H. LPAR6 Participates in Neuropathic Pain by Mediating Astrocyte Cells via ROCK2/NF-κB Signal Pathway. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:8402-8413. [PMID: 38509397 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04108-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain (NPP) is a common type of chronic pain. Glial cells, including astrocytes (AS), are believed to play an important role in the progression of NPP. AS cells can be divided into various types based on their expression profiles, among which A1 and A2 types have clear functions. A1-type AS cells are neurotoxic, while A2-type AS cells exert neuroprotective functions. Some types of lysophosphatidic acid receptors (LPAR) have been shown to play a role in NPP. However, it remains unclear how AS cells and LPAR6 affect the occurrence and progression of NPP. In this study, we established a mouse model of chronic constriction injury (CCI) to simulate NPP. It was found that the expression of LPAR6 in AS cells of the spinal dorsal horn was increased in the CCI model, and the thresholds of mechanical and thermal pain were elevated after knocking out LPAR6, indicating that LPAR6 and AS cells participated in the occurrence of NPP. The experiment involved culturing primary AS cells and knocking down LPAR6 by Lentivirus. The results showed that the NF-κB signal pathway was activated and the number of A1-type AS cells increased in the CCI model. However, LPAR6 knockdown inhibited the NF-κB signal pathway and A1-type AS cells. The results of the mRNA sequencing and immunoprecipitation test indicate an interaction between LPAR6 and ROCK2. Inhibiting ROCK2 by Y-27632 increased mechanical and thermal pain thresholds and alleviated NPP at the molecular level. The study presents evidence that LPAR6 activates the NF-κB pathway through ROCK2 and contributes to the progression of NPP by increasing A1-type AS and decreasing A2-type AS. This suggests that LPAR6 could be a potential therapeutic target for alleviating NPP. Clinical applications that are successful can offer new therapeutic options, enhance the quality of life for patients, and potentially uncover new mechanisms for pain modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Fan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, No.415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruitong Chu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, No.415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, No.415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, No.415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Chu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, No.415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Hua
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, No.415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, No.415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruifeng Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, No.415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, No.415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenghua Xiang
- Department of Neurobiology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Ministry of Education, Naval Medical University, No.800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hongbin Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, No.415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Neurobiology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Ministry of Education, Naval Medical University, No.800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Montecino-Garrido H, Trostchansky A, Espinosa-Parrilla Y, Palomo I, Fuentes E. How Protein Depletion Balances Thrombosis and Bleeding Risk in the Context of Platelet's Activatory and Negative Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:10000. [PMID: 39337488 PMCID: PMC11432290 DOI: 10.3390/ijms251810000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Platelets are small cell fragments that play a crucial role in hemostasis, requiring fast response times and fine signaling pathway regulation. For this regulation, platelets require a balance between two pathway types: the activatory and negative signaling pathways. Activatory signaling mediators are positive responses that enhance stimuli initiated by a receptor in the platelet membrane. Negative signaling regulates and controls the responses downstream of the same receptors to roll back or even avoid spontaneous thrombotic events. Several blood-related pathologies can be observed when these processes are unregulated, such as massive bleeding in activatory signaling inhibition or thrombotic events for negative signaling inhibition. The study of each protein and metabolite in isolation does not help to understand the role of the protein or how it can be contrasted; however, understanding the balance between active and negative signaling could help develop effective therapies to prevent thrombotic events and bleeding disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hector Montecino-Garrido
- Centro de Estudios en Alimentos Procesados (CEAP), ANID-Regional, Gore Maule R0912001, Talca 3480094, Chile
| | - Andrés Trostchansky
- Departamento de Bioquímica and Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11800, Uruguay
| | - Yolanda Espinosa-Parrilla
- Interuniversity Center for Healthy Aging (CIES), Centro Asistencial, Docente e Investigación-CADI-UMAG, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Magallanes, Punta Arenas 6210427, Chile
| | - Iván Palomo
- Thrombosis and Healthy Aging Research Center, Interuniversity Center for Healthy Aging (CIES), Interuniversity Network of Healthy Aging in Latin America and Caribbean (RIES-LAC), Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3480094, Chile
| | - Eduardo Fuentes
- Thrombosis and Healthy Aging Research Center, Interuniversity Center for Healthy Aging (CIES), Interuniversity Network of Healthy Aging in Latin America and Caribbean (RIES-LAC), Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3480094, Chile
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3
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Ghasemzadeh Rahbardar M, Hosseinzadeh H. A review of how the saffron (Crocus sativus) petal and its main constituents interact with the Nrf2 and NF-κB signaling pathways. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:1879-1909. [PMID: 37067583 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02487-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
The primary by-product of saffron (Crocus sativus) processing is saffron petals, which are produced in large quantities but are discarded. The saffron petals contain a variety of substances, including alkaloids, anthocyanins, flavonoids, glycosides, kaempferol, and minerals. Pharmacological investigations revealed the antibacterial, antidepressant, antidiabetic, antihypertensive, antinociceptive, antispasmodic, antitussive, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, and renoprotective properties of saffron petals, which are based on their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic effects. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway protects against oxidative stress, carcinogenesis, and inflammation. Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-ĸB) is a protein complex involved in approximately all animal cells and participates in different biological procedures such as apoptosis, cell growth, development, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) transcription, immune response, and inflammation. The pharmacological properties of saffron and its compounds are discussed in this review, along with their associated modes of action, particularly the Nrf2 and NF-ĸB signaling pathways. Without considering a time constraint, our team conducted this review using search engines or electronic databases like PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Saffron petals and their main constituents may have protective effects in numerous organs such as the brain, colon, heart, joints, liver, lung, and pancreas through several mechanisms, including the Nrf2/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) signaling cascade, which would then result in its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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4
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Xie Y, Yue L, Shi Y, Su X, Gan C, Liu H, Xue T, Ye T. Application and Study of ROCK Inhibitors in Pulmonary Fibrosis: Recent Developments and Future Perspectives. J Med Chem 2023; 66:4342-4360. [PMID: 36940432 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2023]
Abstract
Rho-associated coiled-coil-containing kinases (ROCKs), serine/threonine protein kinases, were initially identified as downstream targets of the small GTP-binding protein Rho. Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a lethal disease with limited therapeutic options and a particularly poor prognosis. Interestingly, ROCK activation has been demonstrated in PF patients and in animal PF models, making it a promising target for PF treatment. Many ROCK inhibitors have been discovered, and four of these have been approved for clinical use; however, no ROCK inhibitors are approved for the treatment of PF patients. In this article, we describe ROCK signaling pathways and the structure-activity relationship, potency, selectivity, binding modes, pharmacokinetics (PKs), biological functions, and recently reported inhibitors of ROCKs in the context of PF. We will also focus our attention on the challenges to be addressed when targeting ROCKs and discuss the strategy of ROCK inhibitor use in the treatment of PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Xie
- Sichuan University-Oxford University Huaxi Gastrointestinal Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Lin Yue
- Sichuan University-Oxford University Huaxi Gastrointestinal Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yaojie Shi
- Sichuan University-Oxford University Huaxi Gastrointestinal Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xingping Su
- Sichuan University-Oxford University Huaxi Gastrointestinal Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Cailing Gan
- Sichuan University-Oxford University Huaxi Gastrointestinal Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Hongyao Liu
- Sichuan University-Oxford University Huaxi Gastrointestinal Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Taixiong Xue
- Sichuan University-Oxford University Huaxi Gastrointestinal Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Tinghong Ye
- Sichuan University-Oxford University Huaxi Gastrointestinal Cancer Centre, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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5
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Zhang Y, Wang X, Jiang C, Chen Z, Ni S, Fan H, Wang Z, Tian F, An J, Yang H, Hao D. Rho Kinase Inhibitor Y27632 Improves Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury by Shifting Astrocyte Phenotype and Morphology via the ROCK/NF-κB/C3 Pathway. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:3733-3744. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03756-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AbstractSpinal cord injury (SCI) usually results in loss or reduction in motor and sensory functions. Despite extensive research, no available therapy can restore the lost functions after SCI. Reactive astrocytes play a pivotal role in SCI. Rho kinase inhibitors have also been shown to promote functional recovery of SCI. However, the role of Rho kinase inhibitors in reactive astrocytic phenotype switch within SCI remains largely unexplored. In this study, astrocytes were treated with proinflammatory cytokines and/or the Rho kinase inhibitor Y27632. Concomitantly the phenotype and morphology of astrocytes were examined. Meanwhile, the SCI model of SD rats was established, and nerve functions were evaluated following treatment with Y27632. Subsequently, the number of A1 astrocytes in the injured area was observed and analyzed. Eventually, the expression levels of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), C3, and S100A10 were measured. The present study showed that the Rho kinase inhibitor Y27632 improved functional recovery of SCI and elevated the proliferation and migration abilities of the astrocytes. In addition, Y27632 treatment initiated the switch of astrocytes morphology from a flattened shape to a process-bearing shape and transformed the reactive astrocytes A1 phenotype to an A2 phenotype. More importantly, further investigation suggested that Y27632 was actively involved in promoting the functional recovery of SCI in rats by inhabiting the ROCK/NF-κB/C3 signaling pathway. Together, Rho kinase inhibitor Y27632 effectively promotes the functional recovery of SCI by shifting astrocyte phenotype and morphology. Furthermore, the pro-regeneration event is strongly associated with the ROCK/NF-κB/C3 signal pathway.
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6
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Foroutan-Ghaznavi M, Mazloomi SM, Montazeri V, Pirouzpanah S. Dietary patterns in association with the expression of pro-metastatic genes in primary breast cancer. Eur J Nutr 2022; 61:3267-3284. [PMID: 35484415 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02884-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Metastasis is a major leading cause of mortality in female breast cancer (BrCa). Cellular motility is a pathological process of metastasis remarked by the overexpression of cortactin (CTTN), Ras homolog family member-A (RhoA), and Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) genes. Their balance is responsible for upholding the integrity of healthy epithelial cell junctions. This study aimed to explore the associations between a posteriori dietary patterns and the expression levels of pro-metastatic genes in primary BrCa. METHODS In this consecutive case series, 215 eligible women, newly diagnosed with histologically confirmed non-metastatic BrCa (stage I-IIIA), were recruited from Hospitals in Tabriz, Northwestern Iran (2015-2017). The tumoral expression levels of genes were quantified using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Dietary data assessment was carried out using a validated food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS Three dietary patterns were identified using principal component analysis (KMO = 0.699). Adherence to the "vegan" pattern (vegetables, fruits, legumes, nuts, seeds, and whole grains) was inversely associated with the expression levels of RhoA (ORAdj.T3vs.T1 = 0.24, 95%CI 0.07-0.79) and ROCK (ORAdj.T3vs.T1 = 0.26, 95%CI 0.08-0.87). In addition, the highest adherence to the "prudent" pattern (spices, seafood, dairy, and vegetable oils) decreased the odds of overexpressions at RhoA (ORAdj.T3vs.T1 = 0.26, 95%CI 0.08-0.84) and ROCK genes (ORAdj.T3vs.T1 = 0.29, 95%CI 0.09-0.95). The highest adherence to "Western" pattern (meat, processed meat, hydrogenated fat, fast food, refined cereals, sweets, and soft drinks) was a risk factor associated with the overexpression of RhoA (ORAdj.T3vs.T1 = 3.15, 95%CI 1.12-8.85). CONCLUSION Adherence to healthy dietary patterns was significantly associated with the downregulation of pro-metastatic genes. Findings provided new implications to advance the nutrigenomic knowledge to prevent the odds of over-regulations in pro-metastatic genes of the primary BrCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Foroutan-Ghaznavi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 7134814336, Shiraz, Iran.,Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 5166614756, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Clinical Nutrition, Shahid Rajaee (Emtiaz) Trauma Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 7194815711, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed-Mohammad Mazloomi
- Nutrition Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 7193635899, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, 7134814336, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Vahid Montazeri
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 5166414766, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Surgery, Nour-Nejat Hospital, 5138665793, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Pirouzpanah
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 5166614756, Tabriz, Iran. .,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 5166414766, Tabriz, Iran.
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7
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El-Sayed SS, Shahin RM, Fahmy A, Elshazly SM. Quercetin ameliorated remote myocardial injury induced by renal ischemia/reperfusion in rats: Role of Rho-kinase and hydrogen sulfide. Life Sci 2021; 287:120144. [PMID: 34785193 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study was designated to investigate the means through which quercetin confers its cardioprotective action against remote cardiomyopathy elicited by renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Potential involvement of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and its related mechanisms were accentuated herein. MAIN METHODS In anesthetized male Wistar rats, renal I/R was induced by bilateral renal pedicles occlusion for 30 min (ischemia) followed by 24 h reperfusion. Quercetin (50 mg/kg, gavage) was administered at 5 h post reperfusion initiation and 2 h before euthanasia. Cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) inhibitor, amino-oxyacetic acid (AOAA; 10 mg/kg, i.p) was given 30 min prior to each quercetin dose. KEY FINDINGS Quercetin reversed renal I/R induced derangements; as quercetin administration improved renal function and reversed I/R induced histopathological changes in both myocardium and kidney. Further, quercetin enhanced renal CBS content/activity, while mitigated myocardial cystathionine ɤ-lyase (CSE) content/activity as well as myocardial H2S. On the other hand, quercetin augmented myocardial nitric oxide (NO), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its nuclear trasnslocation, glutamate cysteine ligase (GCL), reduced glutathione (GSH) and peroxiredoxin-2 (Prx2), while further reduced lipid peroxidation measured as malondialdehyde (MDA) as well as nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), caspase-3 content and activity, and Rho-kinase activity. SIGNIFICANCE Cardioprotective effects of quercetin may be mediated through regulation of Rho-kinase pathway and H2S production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa S El-Sayed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
| | - Rania M Shahin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Fahmy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
| | - Shimaa M Elshazly
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
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8
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Yan J, Tang Y, Zhong X, Huang H, Wei H, Jin Y, He Y, Cao J, Jin L, Hu B. ROCK inhibitor attenuates carbon blacks-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice via Rho/ROCK/NF-kappa B pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:1476-1484. [PMID: 33792148 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to carbon blacks (CBs) has been associated with the progression of pulmonary fibrosis, whereas the mechanism is still not clear. We therefore aimed to investigate the effect of RhoA/ROCK pathway on pulmonary fibrosis caused by CBs exposure. Western blot analysis indicated that CBs could promote the activation of RhoA/ROCK pathway and phosphorylation of p65 and IκBα in mice lung. However, ROCK inhibitor Y-27632 could attenuate phosphorylation levels of p65 and IκBα and restore histopathological changes of the lung tissue. Then, we evaluated the effect of RhoA/ROCK pathway on pulmonary fibrosis by detecting the expression levels of α-SMA, vimentin, and Collagen type-I (Col-I), which could be partly inhibited by Y-27632. It was assumed that inhibition of ROCK could be a promising therapeutic candidate for CBs-induced pulmonary fibrosis, which possibly through the blockage of RhoA/ROCK/NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyan Yan
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Yaxin Tang
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Xin Zhong
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Huarong Huang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haonan Wei
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Yulei Jin
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Yanjiang He
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Jinqiao Cao
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Lifang Jin
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
- Shaoxing Academy of Biomedicine of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Baowei Hu
- School of Life Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, China
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9
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The Beneficial Effects of Saffron Extract on Potential Oxidative Stress in Cardiovascular Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6699821. [PMID: 33542784 PMCID: PMC7840270 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6699821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Saffron is commonly used in traditional medicines and precious perfumes. It contains pharmacologically active compounds with notably potent antioxidant activity. Saffron has a variety of active components, including crocin, crocetin, and safranal. Oxidative stress plays an important role in many cardiovascular diseases, and its uncontrolled chain reaction is related to myocardial injury. Numerous studies have confirmed that saffron exact exhibits protective effects on the myocardium and might be beneficial in the treatment of cardiovascular disease. In view of the role of oxidative stress in cardiovascular disease, people have shown considerable interest in the potential role of saffron extract as a treatment for a range of cardiovascular diseases. This review analyzed the use of saffron in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases through antioxidant stress from four aspects: antiatherosclerosis, antimyocardial ischemia, anti-ischemia reperfusion injury, and improvement in drug-induced cardiotoxicity, particularly anthracycline-induced. Although data is limited in humans with only two clinically relevant studies, the results of preclinical studies regarding the antioxidant stress effects of saffron are promising and warrant further research in clinical trials. This review summarized the protective effect of saffron in cardiovascular diseases and drug-induced cardiotoxicity. It will facilitate pharmacological research and development and promote utilization of saffron.
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10
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Li W, Ren C, Fei C, Wang Y, Xue Q, Li L, Yin F, Li W. Analysis of the chemical composition changes of Gardeniae Fructus before and after processing based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2021; 44:981-991. [PMID: 33351278 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Gardeniae Fructus, the dry fruit of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, has been widely used for the treatment of different diseases. Although four types of processed Gardeniae Fructus products, characterized by differing effects, are available for clinical use, little is known regarding the respective processing mechanisms. In this study, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry combined with multivariate statistical analysis was applied to characterize the chemical profiles of the differently processed Gardeniae Fructus products and to determine differences in their chemical compositions, thereby enabling us to identify those active compounds associated with the observed clinical effects. A total of 125 compounds were accordingly identified, among which, 56 were established as primary contributors to the significant differences (P < 0.01) between crude and processed Gardeniae Fructus, based on t-test analysis. Furthermore, the potential mechanisms underlying the chemical transformations that occurred during processing were discussed. The findings of this study may not only contribute to the more effective quality control of Gardeniae Fructus but also provide basic information for elucidating the mechanisms underlying the changes in chemical constituents in response to processing, and provide a basis for further investigations of Gardeniae Fructus processing mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Li
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Chenchen Ren
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Chenghao Fei
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Yulin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Xue
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Lin Li
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China.,The Key Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Fangzhou Yin
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China.,The Key Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
| | - Weidong Li
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China.,The Key Research Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Processing of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, P. R. China
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11
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Huoxin Pill Attenuates Cardiac Inflammation by Suppression of TLR4/NF- κB in Acute Myocardial Ischemia Injury Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:7905902. [PMID: 32695212 PMCID: PMC7368223 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7905902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Huoxin Pill (HXP), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been prescribed widely in the treatment of coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, and other diseases. However, the possible protective mechanisms of HXP on myocardial ischemia remain unclear. In the current study, we investigated the effects and potential mechanism of HXP on myocardial ischemia and cardiac inflammation and the activation of TLR4/NF-κB pathway. Determination of electrocardiogram, echocardiography, and heart weight index (HWI) indicated that HXP treatment obviously attenuated the elevation of ST-segment, end-diastolic volume, and HWI in the AMI rat model. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) demonstrated that Huoxin Pill treatment significantly decreased the levels of CTnT, CK-MB, MDA, IL-6, and TNF-α, while it increased SOD content in serum of the AMI rat model. Moreover, hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining revealed that HXP treatment alleviated pathological change, infiltration of inflammatory cells, levels of IL-6 and TNF-α, and expression of TLR4 and p-NF-κB in cardiac tissues of the AMI rat model. In conclusion, HXP treatment significantly improves cardiac function and attenuates cardiac inflammation by suppressing the activation of TLR4/NF-κB pathway in the ISO-induced AMI rat model. This study provides insights into the potential of HXP on prevention and treatment of AMI.
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Wang Y, Yu W, Shi C, Hu P. Crocetin Attenuates Sepsis-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction via Regulation of Inflammatory Response and Mitochondrial Function. Front Physiol 2020; 11:514. [PMID: 32581829 PMCID: PMC7295980 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-induced systemic inflammation can induce cardiac dysfunction, which can result in heart failure and death. Recently, natural drugs/compounds have received increased attention as therapeutic agents to prevent sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction. Crocetin (CRO) is a natural compound that has been shown to reduce inflammation and cytotoxicity in cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury. However, the effects of CRO on sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction have not been evaluated. In this study, we used lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced H9c2 cells as an in vitro model to mimic cardiac sepsis. Crocetin significantly alleviated LPS-induced cytotoxicity, cellular apoptosis, and oxidative stress through increased Bcl-2 activity and PI3K-Akt signaling and suppression of caspase 3 and caspase 9 activities. Furthermore, CRO dramatically decreased the mRNA levels of TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, and IL-8 via suppression of p65/Keap1 signaling and activation of Nrf2/HO-1/NQO1 signaling. In addition, CRO protected mitochondrial respiration, free fatty acid β-oxidation, and mitochondrial morphology in LPS-induced H9c2 cells. This study showed that CRO attenuated LPS-induced cardiac dysfunction via regulation of the inflammatory response and mitochondrial function and potentially had an effect on sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanpeng Wang
- Department of Emergency, Zhejiang Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine Integrated Hospital/Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiwei Yu
- Huzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated Central Hospital of Huzhou University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenhui Shi
- The Second Clinical Medicine College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pengfei Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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13
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Guo YZ, Jiang YN, Li YF, Kurihara H, Dai Y, He RR. Clinical Prescription-Protein-Small Molecule-Disease Strategy (CPSD), A New Strategy for Chinese Medicine Development: A Case Study in Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2020; 10:1564. [PMID: 32038243 PMCID: PMC6987446 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Chinese medicine is a national treasure that has been passed down for thousands of years in China. According to the statistics of the World Health Organization, there are currently four billion people in the world who use Chinese medicine to treat diseases, accounting for 80% of the world's total population. However, the obscurity of its theory, its unmanageable quality, its complex compositions, and the unknown effective substances and mechanisms are great obstacles to the internationalization of Chinese medicine. Here, we propose a new strategy for the development of Chinese medicine: the clinical prescription (C)-protein (P)-small-molecule (S)-disease (D) strategy, namely the CPSD strategy. The strategy uses clinical prescriptions as the source of medicine and uses computer simulation technology to find small-molecule drugs targeting therapeutic proteins for treating specific diseases so as to deepen awareness of the value of Chinese medicine. At the same time, this article takes cardiovascular drug development as an example to introduce the application of CPSD, which will be instrumental in the further development, modernization, and internationalization of Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Zhi Guo
- Guangdong Province Research and Development Center for Chinese Medicine in Disease Susceptibility, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Nan Jiang
- Guangdong Province Research and Development Center for Chinese Medicine in Disease Susceptibility, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Fang Li
- Guangdong Province Research and Development Center for Chinese Medicine in Disease Susceptibility, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hiroshi Kurihara
- Guangdong Province Research and Development Center for Chinese Medicine in Disease Susceptibility, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Dai
- Guangdong Province Research and Development Center for Chinese Medicine in Disease Susceptibility, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong-Rong He
- Guangdong Province Research and Development Center for Chinese Medicine in Disease Susceptibility, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Yang M, Mao G, Ouyang L, Shi C, Hu P, Huang S. Crocetin alleviates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by regulating inflammation and the unfolded protein response. Mol Med Rep 2019; 21:641-648. [PMID: 31974615 PMCID: PMC6947891 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Crocetin, a natural compound, has been demonstrated to exhibit beneficial effects in cardiovascular diseases. Previous studies demonstrated that crocetin reduced ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury by attenuating cytotoxicity and cellular apoptosis. However, the previous mechanistic studies did not fully elucidate its pharmacological effects on cardiac damage, especially I/R injury. The present study verified its cardioprotective effects in a Langendorff perfusion system, an ex vivo model of I/R. It was demonstrated that crocetin significantly attenuated the activities of pro-inflammatory cytokines and nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 signaling. The present study provided novel insight that crocetin regulated the unfolded protein response (UPR) and decreased associated protein levels to protect the heart. Furthermore, it was identified that Nrf2 played a key role in the cardioprotective effect of crocetin by attenuating inflammation and the UPR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Genxiang Mao
- Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Geriatrics and Geriatrics Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, P.R. China
| | - Lili Ouyang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310005, P.R. China
| | - Chenhui Shi
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, P.R. China
| | - Pengfei Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310005, P.R. China
| | - Shuwei Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310005, P.R. China
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15
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Huimin D, Hui C, Guowei S, Shouyun X, Junyang P, Juncheng W. Protective effect of betulinic acid on Freund's complete adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2019; 33:e22373. [PMID: 31364231 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the experiment was to study the effects of betulinic acid (BA) on adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. The rat model of rheumatoid arthritis (AA) was established by Freund's complete adjuvant. Arthritis index, joint pathology, toe swelling, hemorheology, related cytokines and ROCK/NF-κB signaling pathway were measured in rats. BA can significantly inhibit the arthritis index, improve joint pathology, reduce toe swelling, improve blood rheology, improve synovial cell apoptosis, and restore related cytokine negative regulation of ROCK/NF-κB signaling pathways. BA has an obvious therapeutic effect on joint inflammation of toes in AA model rats, which may be due to the regulation of ROCK/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Huimin
- Department of Orthopedics, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen Hui
- Department of Orthopedics, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shen Guowei
- Department of Orthopedics, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao Shouyun
- Department of Orthopedics, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Junyang
- Department of Orthopedics, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Juncheng
- Department of Orthopedics, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Hatziagapiou K, Lambrou GI. The Protective Role of Crocus Sativus L. (Saffron) Against Ischemia- Reperfusion Injury, Hyperlipidemia and Atherosclerosis: Nature Opposing Cardiovascular Diseases. Curr Cardiol Rev 2018; 14:272-289. [PMID: 29952263 PMCID: PMC6300793 DOI: 10.2174/1573403x14666180628095918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species, which are collective-ly called reactive oxygen-nitrogen species, are inevitable by-products of cellular metabolic redox reac-tions, such as oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondrial respiratory chain, phagocytosis, reac-tions of biotransformation of exogenous and endogenous substrate in endoplasmic reticulum, eico-sanoid synthesis, and redox reactions in the presence of metal with variable valence. Among medici-nal plants, there is growing interest in Crocus Sativus L. It is a perennial, stemless herb, belonging to Iridaceae family, cultivated in various countries such as Greece, Italy, Spain, Israel, Morocco, Tur-key, Iran, India, China, Egypt and Mexico. Objective: The present study aims to address the anti-toxicant role of Crocus Sativus L. in the case of cardiovascular disease and its role towards the cardioprotective role of Crocus Sativus L. Materials and Methods: An electronic literature search was conducted by the two authors from 1993 to August 2017. Original articles and systematic reviews (with or without meta-analysis), as well as case reports were selected. Titles and abstracts of papers were screened by a third reviewer to deter-mine whether they met the eligibility criteria, and full texts of the selected articles were retrieved. Results: Our review has indicated that scientific literature confirms the role of Crocus Sativus L. as a cardiovascular-protective agent. The literature review showed that Saffron is a potent cardiovascular-protective agent with a plethora of applications ranging from ischemia-reperfusion injury, diabetes and hypertension to hyperlipidemia. Conclusion: Literature findings represented in current review herald promising results for using Crocus Sativus L. and/or its active constituents as a cardiovascular-protective agent and in particular, Crocus Sativus L. manifests beneficial results against ischemia-reperfusion injury, hypertension, hy-perlipidemia and diabetes
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyriaki Hatziagapiou
- First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Choremeio Research Laboratory, Hematology/ Oncology Unit, Thivon & Levadeias, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - George I Lambrou
- First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Choremeio Research Laboratory, Hematology/ Oncology Unit, Thivon & Levadeias, 11527, Athens, Greece
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17
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Leone S, Recinella L, Chiavaroli A, Orlando G, Ferrante C, Leporini L, Brunetti L, Menghini L. Phytotherapic use of theCrocus sativusL. (Saffron) and its potential applications: A brief overview. Phytother Res 2018; 32:2364-2375. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheila Leone
- Department of Pharmacy; G. d'Annunzio University; Chieti Italy
| | - Lucia Recinella
- Department of Pharmacy; G. d'Annunzio University; Chieti Italy
| | | | | | | | - Lidia Leporini
- Department of Pharmacy; G. d'Annunzio University; Chieti Italy
| | - Luigi Brunetti
- Department of Pharmacy; G. d'Annunzio University; Chieti Italy
| | - Luigi Menghini
- Department of Pharmacy; G. d'Annunzio University; Chieti Italy
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18
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Cardioprotective effects of total flavonoids from Jinhe Yangxin prescription by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in myocardial ischemia injury. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 98:308-317. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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19
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Wong ZW, Thanikachalam PV, Ramamurthy S. Molecular understanding of the protective role of natural products on isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction: A review. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 94:1145-1166. [PMID: 28826162 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 07/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Modern medicine has been used to treat myocardial infarction, a subset of cardiovascular diseases, and have been relatively effective but not without adverse effects. Consequently, this issue has stimulated interest in the use of natural products, which may be equally effective and better tolerated. Many studies have investigated the cardioprotective effect of natural products, such as plant-derived phytochemicals, against isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial damage; these have produced promising results on the basis of their antioxidant, anti-atherosclerotic, anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory activities. This review briefly introduces the pathophysiology of myocardial infarction (MI) and then addresses the progress of natural product research towards its treatment. We highlight the promising applications and mechanisms of action of plant extracts, phytochemicals and polyherbal formulations towards the treatment of ISO-induced myocardial damage. Most of the products displayed elevated antioxidant levels with decreased oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, along with restoration of ionic balance and lowered expression of myocardial injury markers, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and apoptotic parameters. Likewise, lipid profiles were positively altered and histopathological improvements could be seen from, for example, the better membrane integrity, decreased necrosis, edema, infarct size, and leukocyte infiltration. This review highlights promising results towards the amelioration of ISO-induced myocardial damage, which suggest the direction for future research on natural products that could be used to treat MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wei Wong
- International Medical University, 126, Jln Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Wilayah Persekutuan, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Srinivasan Ramamurthy
- International Medical University, 126, Jln Jalil Perkasa 19, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Wilayah Persekutuan, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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20
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Wenjin C, Jianwei W. Protective Effect of Gentianine, a compound from Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang, against Freund’s Complete Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis in Rats. Inflammation 2017; 40:1401-1408. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-017-0583-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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21
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Hofni A, Shehata Messiha BA, Mangoura SA. Fasudil ameliorates endothelial dysfunction in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: a possible role of Rho kinase. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2017; 390:801-811. [PMID: 28493050 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-017-1379-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is a major contributor to the pathogenesis of vascular disease in diabetes mellitus and RhoA/Rho-kinase (ROCK) system appears to play a crucial role in this setting. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of the selective ROCK inhibitor, fasudil, on diabetes-related endothelial dysfunction and elucidated its underlying mechanism(s). Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 50 mg/kg), and fasudil (5 mg/kg per day) was orally administered for 8 weeks. Our results showed that fasudil administration attenuated the increased activity/expression of ROCK (627.5 ± 27 vs. 247.8 ± 19.1) and the NADPH oxidase subunits, NOX2 and p47phox, in diabetic rat aorta. Fasudil could reduce the elevated tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (70.2 ± 14.1 vs. 25.3 ± 5.2) and transforming growth factor (TGF-β) levels and restored the deficit in antioxidant level of the diabetic aorta. Additionally, fasudil markedly improved the endothelial dysfunction in the diabetic aorta (73.8 ± 8.1 vs. 47.42 ± 8.69) and corrected the dysregulated endothelial nitric oxide (eNOS) expression. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that fasudil effectively ameliorates the endothelial dysfunction in STZ-induced diabetic rats through inhibition of the Rho/ROCK pathway and thereby reducing the TNF-α-mediated NADPH oxidase activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Hofni
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | - Basim A Shehata Messiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Safwat A Mangoura
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assuit University, Assuit, Egypt
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Long TY, Jing R, Kuang F, Huang L, Qian ZX, Yang TL. CIRBP protects H9C2 cells against myocardial ischemia through inhibition of NF-κB pathway. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 50:e5861. [PMID: 28355355 PMCID: PMC5423751 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20175861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia is a major cause of death and remains a disease with extremely deficient clinical therapies and a major problem worldwide. Cold inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRBP) is reported to be involved in multiple pathological processes, including myocardial ischemia. However, the molecular mechanisms of myocardial ischemia remain elusive. Here, we first overexpressed CIRBP by transfection of pc-CIRBP (pcDNA3.1 containing coding sequenced for CIRBP) and silenced CIRBP by transfection of small interfering RNA targeting CIRBP (siCIRBP). pcDNA3.1 and the negative control of siCIRBP (siNC) were transfected into H9C2 cells to act as controls. We then constructed a cell model of myocardial ischemia through culturing cells in serum-free medium with hypoxia in H9C2 cells. Subsequently, AlamarBlue assay, flow cytometry and western blot analysis were used, respectively, to assess cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and apoptosis, and expression levels of IκBα, p65 and Bcl-3. We demonstrated that CIRBP overexpression promoted cell proliferation (P<0.001), inhibited cell apoptosis (P<0.05), reduced ROS level (P<0.001), down-regulated phosphorylated levels of IκBα and p65 (P<0.01 or P<0.001), and up-regulated expression of Bcl-3 (P<0.001) in H9C2 cells with myocardial ischemia. The influence of CIRBP knockdown yielded opposite results. Our study revealed that CIRBP could protect H9C2 cells against myocardial ischemia through inhibition of NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Y Long
- Cardiovascular Department, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China
| | - R Jing
- Cardiovascular Department, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China
| | - F Kuang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen City, Fujian Province, China
| | - L Huang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Shenzhen Hospital of Peking University, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Z X Qian
- Department of Emergency, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China
| | - T L Yang
- Cardiovascular Department, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China
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