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Chi K, Zou Y, Liu C, Dong Z, Liu Y, Guo N. Staphylococcal enterotoxin A induces DNA damage in hepatocytes and liver tissues. Toxicon 2022; 221:106980. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2022.106980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Li LY, Zhang CT, Zhu FY, Zheng G, Liu YF, Liu K, Zhang CH, Zhang H. Potential Natural Small Molecular Compounds for the Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: An Overview. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:821941. [PMID: 35401201 PMCID: PMC8988065 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.821941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the major diseases threatening human life and health. According to the report released by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2020, COPD has become the third leading cause of death in the world, featuring a sustainable growth of incidence rate as well as population age. The purpose of this review focuses on the advancement of bioactive natural compounds, such as baicalin, quercetin, resveratrol, and curcumin, which demonstrate promising therapeutic/interventional effects on CODP in vitro and in vivo. Information emphasizing on COPD was systematically collected from several authoritative internet databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Elsevier, Wiley Online Library, and Europe PMC, with a combination of keywords containing “COPD” and “natural small molecular compounds”. The new evidence indicated that these valuable molecules featured unique functions in the treatment of COPD through various biological processes such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-apoptosis, and anti-airway fibrosis. Moreover, we found that the promising effects of these natural compounds on COPD were mainly achieved through JAK3/STAT3/NF-κB and MAPK inflammatory signaling pathways, Nrf2 oxidative stress signaling pathway, and TGF-β1/Smad 2/3 fibrosis signaling pathway, which referenced to multiple targets like TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, TIMP-1, MMP, AKT, JAK3, IKK, PI3K, HO-1, MAPK, P38, ERK, etc. Current challenges and future directions in this promising field are also discussed at the end of this review. For the convenience of the readers, this review is divided into ten parts according to the structures of potential natural small molecular compounds. We hope that this review brings a quick look and provides some inspiration for the research of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu-Ying Li
- Department of Heart Disease of Traditional Chinese Medicine, First People’s Hospital of Zigong City, Zigong, China
| | - Chuan-Tao Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng-Ya Zhu
- Department of Heart Disease of Traditional Chinese Medicine, First People’s Hospital of Zigong City, Zigong, China
| | - Gang Zheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First People’s Hospital of Zigong City, Zigong, China
| | - Yu-Fei Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First People’s Hospital of Zigong City, Zigong, China
| | - Chen-Hui Zhang
- Department of Combine Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Chen-Hui Zhang, ; Hong Zhang,
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Combine Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Chen-Hui Zhang, ; Hong Zhang,
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Li D, Luo F, Guo T, Han S, Wang H, Lin Q. Targeting NF-κB pathway by dietary lignans in inflammation: expanding roles of gut microbiota and metabolites. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:5967-5983. [PMID: 35068283 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2026871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a major factor affecting human health. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) plays a vital role in the development of inflammation, and the promoters of most inflammatory cytokine genes have NF-κB-binding sites. Targeting NF-κB could be an exciting route for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory diseases. As important constituents of natural plants, lignans are proved to have numerous biological functions. There are growing pieces of evidence demonstrate that lignans have the potential anti-inflammatory activities. In this work, the type, structure and source of lignans and the influence on mitigating the inflammation are systematically summarized. This review focuses on the targeting NF-κB signaling pathway in the inflammatory response by different lignans and their molecular mechanisms. Lignans also regulate gut microflora and change gut microbial metabolites, which exert novel pathway to prevent NF-κB activation. Taken together, lignans target NF-κB with various mechanisms to inhibit inflammatory cytokine expressions in the inflammatory response. It will provide a scientific theoretical basis for further research on the anti-inflammatory effects of lignans and the development of functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, College of Food Science and Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Feijun Luo
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, College of Food Science and Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Tianyi Guo
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, College of Food Science and Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Shuai Han
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, College of Food Science and Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Hanqing Wang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, College of Food Science and Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Qinlu Lin
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, College of Food Science and Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Process of Rice and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, China
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Nguyen JMK, Robinson DN, Sidhaye VK. Why new biology must be uncovered to advance therapeutic strategies for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2021; 320:L1-L11. [PMID: 33174444 PMCID: PMC7847061 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00367.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by the destruction of alveolar tissue (in emphysema) and airway remodeling (leading to chronic bronchitis), which cause difficulties in breathing. It is a growing public health concern with few therapeutic options that can reverse disease progression or mortality. This is in part because current treatments mainly focus on ameliorating symptoms induced by inflammatory pathways as opposed to curing disease. Hence, emerging research focused on upstream pathways are likely to be beneficial in the development of efficient therapeutics to address the root causes of disease. Some of these pathways include mitochondrial function, cytoskeletal structure and maintenance, and airway hydration, which are all affected by toxins that contribute to COPD. Because of the complexity of COPD and unknown targets for disease onset, simpler model organisms have proved to be useful tools in identifying disease-relevant pathways and targets. This review summarizes COPD pathology, current treatments, and therapeutic discovery research, with a focus on the aforementioned pathways that can advance the therapeutic landscape of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M K Nguyen
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Douglas N Robinson
- Department of Cell Biology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Zhou Y, Men L, Sun Y, Wei M, Fan X. Pharmacodynamic effects and molecular mechanisms of lignans from Schisandra chinensis Turcz. (Baill.), a current review. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 892:173796. [PMID: 33345853 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Fruit of Schisandra chinensis Turcz. (Baill.) (S. chinensis) is a traditional herbal medicine widely used in China, Korea, and many other east Asian countries. At present, S. chinensis commonly forms Chinese medicinal formulae with other herbal medicines to treat liver disease and neurological disease in clinical. Modern researches indicated that lignans were the main active ingredients of S. chinensis with high content and novel dibenzocyclooctadiene skeletal structure, exhibited considerable antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. Additionally, some of these lignans also showed certain potentials in anti-cancer, anti-fibrosis, and other effects. In the current review, we summarize literature reported lignans from S. chinensis in the past five years, and highlight the molecular mechanisms of lignans in exerting their biological functions. Also, we point out some deficiencies of existing researches and discuss the future direction of lignans study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
| | - Lihui Men
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yunxia Sun
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Mengying Wei
- Natural Medicine Institute of Zhejiang YangShengTang Co., Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Xiang Fan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
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Zhang D, Hu S, Li W, Ao R, Wu Z, Zhang Z, Han L. Schisandra A ameliorates cigarette smoke extract and lipopolysaccharide-induced oxidative stress in lung epithelial cells. J Thorac Dis 2020; 12:394-402. [PMID: 32274105 PMCID: PMC7139085 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2020.01.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background The previous studies reported the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of Schisandrin A (Sch A). This study aimed to investigate the ability of Sch A to protect against lung oxidative stress induced by the combination of cigarette smoke extract and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in an in vitro model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods The cell viability was determined by using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Colorimetry was used to detect the changes in antioxidant markers. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to examine the mRNA levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). The levels of IL-8 and HO-1 in the supernatant were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Western blot analysis was performed to measure the phosphorylation and protein expression levels of nuclear factor-κB. Results Sch A inhibited the excessive proliferation of pulmonary epithelial cells, decreased malondialdehyde content, and increased the expression levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione after the combined treatment of cigarette smoke extract and LPS. Also, Sch A downregulated the expression of IL-8 and upregulated the expression of HO-1 mRNA in lung epithelial cells and cell supernatants, and resulted in the downregulation of the protein expression level of phosphorylated nuclear factor-κB. Conclusions Sch A inhibited the oxidative stress of lung epithelial cells induced by the combination of cigarette smoke extract and LPS. Sch A may be a potential therapeutic medication for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Zhang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Suzhen Hu
- Huangdao District Chinese Medicine Hospital, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Wanyan Li
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Ran Ao
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Zhijuan Wu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Zhimin Zhang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Ling Han
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510120, China
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Synthesis of novel caffeic acid derivatives and their protective effect against hydrogen peroxide induced oxidative stress via Nrf2 pathway. Life Sci 2020; 247:117439. [PMID: 32070709 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study was aimed to synthesize novel caffeic acid derivatives and evaluate their potential applications for the treatment of oxidative stress associated disease. MAIN METHODS Caffeic acid sulfonamide derivatives were synthesized by coupling sulfonamides to the backbone of caffeic acid and fully characterized by melting point test, FT-IR, MS, NMR, UV-vis and n-octanol-water distribution assay. Their free radical scavenging ability was evaluated using DPPH assay and cytotoxicity against A549 cells were determined by MTT assay. The protective effect of these derivatives against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced oxidative injury was assessed in A549 cells from cell viability, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), alternation of antioxidase activities, and expressions of Nrf2 and its target genes. KEY FINDINGS Six novel caffeic acid sulfonamide derivatives were obtained. The derivatives showed better liphophilicity than the parent caffeic acid. CASMZ, CAST and CASQ exhibited similar DPPH scavenging capability as caffeic acid, while the protection of hydroxyl groups on the benzene ring with acetyl groups caused decrease in radical scavenging activity. No inhibitory effect on the proliferation of A549 cells were observed up to a concentration of 50 μM. Pre-treatment of cells with these derivatives strongly inhibited H2O2 induced decrease of cell viability, reduced the production of ROS and MDA, promoted antioxidase activities, and further upregulated the expression of Nrf2 and its target genes. SIGNIFICANCE Caffeic acid sulfonamide derivatives were synthesized with simple reactions under mild conditions. They might protect cells from H2O2-induced oxidative injury via Nrf2 pathway.
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Peng X, Hu T, Zhang Y, Zhao A, Natarajan B, Wei J, Yan H, Chen H, Lin C. Synthesis of caffeic acid sulfonamide derivatives and their protective effect against H2O2 induced oxidative damage in A549 cells. RSC Adv 2020; 10:9924-9933. [PMID: 35692719 PMCID: PMC9122571 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra00227e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Exogenous antioxidants are considered as important therapeutic tools for oxidative stress associated disorders as they can regulate the redox state, which is associated with cell and organ function. Inspired by natural polyphenols, six new caffeic acid sulfonamide derivatives were synthesized by coupling sulfonamides to the backbone of caffeic acid with good yields. Their structure and lipophilicity were characterized by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), 13C{1H} NMR, infrared spectroscopy (IR) and oil–water partition coefficient assay. Their free radical scavenging activity and antioxidant activity were assessed by DPPH assay and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced oxidative stress in human lung carcinoma A549 cells. The oil–water partition coefficient results indicate that the conjugation of sulfonamides increases the lipophilicity of caffeic acid. The CASMD, CASDZ and CASN results show higher free radical scavenging effects compared with vitamin C. The derivatives do not show any inhibitory effect on the proliferation of A549 cells up to a concentration of 200 μM, except CASDZ which significantly inhibits the growth of A549 cells at a concentration of 200 μM. In addition, the obtained derivatives markedly attenuate H2O2 induced decrease of cell viability, inhibit the production of ROS and MDA, and promote the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). Besides, treatment of H2O2 stimulated A549 cells with caffeic acid sulfonamide derivatives further increases mRNA expression of NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its target genes, including heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1) and thioredoxin reductase 1 (TXNRD1). These results suggest that these new caffeic acid sulfonamide derivatives have higher lipophilicity and better antioxidant activities than the parent caffeic acid, and they might be able to control the antioxidant response in cells via the Nrf2 pathway. Synthesized caffeic acid derivatives exhibit protective effect on H2O2 induced oxidative injury in A549 cells via Nrf2 pathway.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Peng
- Guangxi University
- Nanning 530004
- China
- China Academy of Science and Technology Development Guangxi Branch
- Nanning 530022
| | | | | | - Anran Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University
- Nanning 530021
- China
| | | | - Jiata Wei
- Guangxi University
- Nanning 530004
- China
| | - Hao Yan
- Guangxi University
- Nanning 530004
- China
| | | | - Cuiwu Lin
- Guangxi University
- Nanning 530004
- China
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Wu J, Han Y, Zou X, Zhu K, Wang Z, Ye X, Liu Y, Dong S, Chen X, Liu D, Wen Z, Wang Y, Huang S, Zhou Z, Zeng C, Huang C, Zheng S, Du X, Huang X, Zhang B, Jing C, Yang G. Silica nanoparticles as an enhancer in the IL-1β-induced inflammation cycle of A549 cells. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2019; 41:199-206. [PMID: 30724633 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2019.1569046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The industrial production and combustion of coal can produce silica nanoparticles (nano-SiO2). It enters the human body mainly through the respiratory tract and exerts a toxic effect. However, whether nano-SiO2 can increase the IL-1β-induced inflammatory expression in A549 cells has not been tested. Therefore, the synergistic toxicity of nano-SiO2 and IL-1β to A549 was observed in our study. Materials and methods: We exposed A549 cells to nano-SiO2 (0, 100, 500, and 1000 μg/ml) for 12 and 24 h. The effect of nano-SiO2 on the viability of A549 cells was observed by the CCK-8 method. The A549 cells were exposed to nano-SiO2 (1 mg/mL) and cytokine IL-1β (10 ng/mL) for 4 h, and we detected the expression of IL-1β and IL-6 cytokines by real time quantitative polymerase chain (RT-qPCR) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of β-Actin, I-κB, phospho-ERK1/2 (P-ERK1/2), total-ERK1/2 (T-ERK1/2), phospho-JNK (P-JNK), total-JNK (T-JNK), phospho-P38 (P-P38), and total-P38 (T-P38) in A549 cells was detected by the Western Blot method. Results: The nano-SiO2 treatment resulted in a time-dependent decrease in the viability of A549 cells. The synergistic effect of nano-SiO2 and IL-1β was observed on the new production of IL-1β and IL-6 in A549 cells. The Western blot results showed that nano-SiO2 can increase the expression of IL-1β and IL-6 by promoting the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and elevating the phosphorylation of I-κB by IL-1β. IL-1β and IL-6 were induced by nano-SiO2, and the IL-1β treatment with 20 μM of I-κBα phosphorylation inhibitor (PD98059) and 20 μM of ERK1/2 inhibitor (BAY11-7082) for 1 h was significantly lower than that of the control group in A549 cells. Discussion and conclusion: These results indicated that nano-SiO2 had a toxic effect on A549 cells, and this effect could increase IL-1β on the A549 cell-induced inflammatory response. The results suggested that the release of IL-1β and IL-6 in A549 was enhanced by the synergistic IL-1β-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and I-κB. This process is similar to a snowball, and it is possible that IL-1β is continuously produced and repeatedly superimposed in A549 cells to produce an inflammatory effect; then, a vicious circle occurs, and an inflammatory storm is accelerated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wu
- a Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China.,b Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Yajing Han
- a Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China.,b Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Xiaoqian Zou
- a Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China.,b Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Kehui Zhu
- a Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China.,b Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Zichen Wang
- b Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Xiaohong Ye
- a Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China.,b Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Yumei Liu
- a Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China.,b Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Shirui Dong
- a Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China.,b Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Xiaojing Chen
- a Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China.,b Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Dandan Liu
- b Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Zihao Wen
- b Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Yao Wang
- b Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Shiqi Huang
- b Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Zixing Zhou
- b Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Chengli Zeng
- b Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Chuican Huang
- b Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Shaoling Zheng
- b Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Xiuben Du
- b Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Xiuxia Huang
- b Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Baohuan Zhang
- a Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Chunxia Jing
- b Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China.,c Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health in Guangzhou , Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
| | - Guang Yang
- a Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Medicine , Jinan University , Guangzhou , China.,c Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health in Guangzhou , Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University , Guangzhou , Guangdong , China
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Feng S, Qiu B, Zou L, Liu K, Xu X, Zhu H. Schisandrin B elicits the Keap1-Nrf2 defense system via carbene reactive metabolite which is less harmful to mice liver. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2018; 12:4033-4046. [PMID: 30568426 PMCID: PMC6267698 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s176561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background Schisandrin B (Sch B) a main active component of Schisandra chinensis, has been shown to act as a liver protectant via activation of the Nrf2 pathway. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether its reactive metabolite is responsible for Nrf2 activation; also, the effects of its reactive metabolite on liver function are still unknown. Methods The present study determined and identifed the carbene reactive metabolite of Sch B in human and mice liver microsomes. Its roles in activating Nrf2 pathway and modifying macromolecules were further explored in human liver microsomes. Moreover the potential cytotoxicity and hepatoxicity of carbene on HepG-2 and mice were also investigated. Results In the present study, cytochromes P450 (CYP450s) metabolized Sch B to carbene reactive metabolite, which, with the potential to modify peptides, were identifed and observed in human and mice liver microsomes. Moreover, the relevance of carbene in Nrf2 activation was verifed by co-incubation in the presence of CYP450 inhibitors in HepG-2 cells, as well as by molecular docking study of carbene and Keap1. Additionally, the cytotoxicity of Sch B on HepG-2 cells was signifcantly aggravated by CYP450 inducer (with LD50 decreasing from 63 to 21 µM) and signifcantly alleviated by CYP450 inhibitor and glutathione (with LD50 increasing from 63 µM to 200 µM). Besides, after oral administration of mice with Sch B (25-100 mg/kg) for 21 days, only the highest dose induced mild hepatotoxicity, which was accompanied by increasing the aminotransferase activity and centrilobular hepatocellular infltration of lymphocytes. In addition, upregulation of CYP450 activity; Nrf2, NQO-1, and GST expression; and glutathione level was observed in Sch B treatment groups. Conclusion The present study revealed that CYP450s mediate the conversion of Sch B to carbene, which subsequently binds to Keap1 and elicits Nrf2 pathway, which could further increase the elimination of carbene and thus exhibit a less harmful effect on mice liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Feng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China, ;
| | - Bingxun Qiu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China, ;
| | - Li Zou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China, ;
| | - Ke Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China, ;
| | - Xiaoyu Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China, ;
| | - Huifeng Zhu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China, ;
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Schisandra chinensis Protects the Skin from Global Pollution by Inflammatory and Redox Balance Pathway Modulations: An In Vitro Study. COSMETICS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics5020036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Wu Y, Li ZC, Yao LQ, Li M, Tang M. Schisandrin B alleviates acute oxidative stress via modulation of the Nrf2/Keap1-mediated antioxidant pathway. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2018; 44:1-6. [PMID: 29742356 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2018-0251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Schisandrin B (Sch B), one of the main effective components of the dried fruit of Schisandra chinensis, protects neurons from oxidative stress in the central nervous system. Here we investigated the neuroprotective effect of Sch B against damage caused by acute oxidative stress and attempted to define the possible mechanisms. Using the elevated plus maze and open field test, we found that forced swimming, an acute stressor, significantly induced anxiety-like behavior that was alleviated by oral Sch B treatment. In addition, the Sch B treatment reduced toxicity, malondialdehyde levels, and production of reactive oxygen species, an important factor for neuron damage. Antioxidants under the control of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway, such as superoxide dismutase and glutathione, were significantly increased by Sch B treatment. Moreover, a higher percentage of intact cells in the amygdala of treated mice, revealed by Nissl staining, further verified the neuroprotective effect of Sch B. Several proteins, such as Nrf2 and its endogenous inhibitor Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), were abnormally expressed in mice subjected to forced swimming, but this abnormal expression was significantly reversed by Sch B treatment. Our results suggest that Sch B may be a potential therapeutic agent against anxiety associated with oxidative stress. The possible mechanism is neuroprotection through enhanced antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wu
- a Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, China
| | - Zheng-Cai Li
- b Department of Ear-Nose-Throat, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, China
| | - Li-Qing Yao
- a Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, China
| | - Mai Li
- a Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, China
| | - Mei Tang
- a Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650101, China
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Cui P, Xin H, Yao Y, Xiao S, Zhu F, Gong Z, Tang Z, Zhan Q, Qin W, Lai Y, Li X, Tong Y, Xia Z. Human amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cells alleviate lung injury induced by white smoke inhalation in rats. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:101. [PMID: 29650044 PMCID: PMC5898065 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0856-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background White smoke inhalation (WSI) is an uncommon but potentially deadly cause of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome for which no effective pharmaceutical treatment has been developed. This study aimed to determine the protective effects of human amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) against WSI-induced lung injury in rats. Methods hAMSCs were injected into rats via the tail vein 4 h after WSI. At 1, 3, 7, 14, and 28 days after cell injection, hAMSCs labeled with PKH26 in lung, heart, liver, and kidney tissues were observed by fluorescence microscopy. The lung injury score was determined by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Lung fibrosis was assessed by Masson’s trichrome staining. The computed tomography (CT) score was assessed by CT scanning. The wet/dry weight ratio was calculated. The levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The expression of surfactant protein (SP)-A, SP-C, and SP-D was measured by Western blotting. Results The injected hAMSCs were primarily distributed in the lung tissues in WSI-induced rats. Compared with the model and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) group, hAMSC treatment led to reduced lung injury, lung fibrosis, CT score, and inflammation levels in WSI-induced mice. hAMSC treatment also resulted in increased cell retention in the lung, partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), and PaO2/fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) levels, and pulmonary SP-A, SP-C, and SP-D expression compared with that in the model and PBS group. Conclusions hAMSCs are a potential cell-based therapy for WSI-induced lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Cui
- Research Laboratory of Burns and Trauma, the 181st Hospital of Chinese PLA, Guilin, 541002, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiming Xin
- Department of Burns, Plastic and Wound repair surgery, the 181st Hospital of Chinese PLA, Guilin, 541002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongming Yao
- Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, People's Republic of China
| | - Shichu Xiao
- Department of Burn surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Department of Burn surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zhenyu Gong
- Department of Burns, Plastic and Wound repair surgery, the 181st Hospital of Chinese PLA, Guilin, 541002, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiping Tang
- Research Laboratory of Burns and Trauma, the 181st Hospital of Chinese PLA, Guilin, 541002, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu Zhan
- Research Laboratory of Burns and Trauma, the 181st Hospital of Chinese PLA, Guilin, 541002, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Qin
- Department of Burns, Plastic and Wound repair surgery, the 181st Hospital of Chinese PLA, Guilin, 541002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanhua Lai
- Research Laboratory of Burns and Trauma, the 181st Hospital of Chinese PLA, Guilin, 541002, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Research Laboratory of Burns and Trauma, the 181st Hospital of Chinese PLA, Guilin, 541002, People's Republic of China
| | - Yalin Tong
- Research Laboratory of Burns and Trauma, the 181st Hospital of Chinese PLA, Guilin, 541002, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Burns, Plastic and Wound repair surgery, the 181st Hospital of Chinese PLA, Guilin, 541002, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhaofan Xia
- Department of Burn surgery, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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