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Kurokawa M, Goya T, Kohjima M, Tanaka M, Iwabuchi S, Shichino S, Ueha S, Hioki T, Aoyagi T, Takahashi M, Imoto K, Tashiro S, Suzuki H, Kato M, Hashimoto S, Matsuda H, Matsushima K, Ogawa Y. Microcirculatory disturbance in acute liver injury is triggered by IFNγ-CD40 axis. J Inflamm (Lond) 2024; 21:23. [PMID: 38907339 PMCID: PMC11191181 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-024-00387-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute liver failure (ALF) is a life-threatening disorder that progresses from self-limiting acute liver injury (ALI). Microcirculatory disturbance characterized by sinusoidal hypercoagulation and subsequent massive hypoxic hepatocyte damage have been proposed to be the mechanism by which ALI deteriorates to ALF; however, the precise molecular pathway of the sinusoidal hypercoagulation remains unknown. Here, we analyzed ALI patients and mice models to uncover the pathogenesis of ALI with microcirculatory disturbance. METHODS We conducted a single-center retrospective study for ALI and blood samples and liver tissues were analyzed to evaluate the microcirculatory disturbance in ALI patients (n = 120). Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis (scRNA-seq) was applied to the liver from the concanavalin A (Con A)‑induced mouse model of ALI. Interferon-gamma (IFNγ) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha knockout mice, and primary human liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) were used to assess the mechanism of microcirculatory disturbance. RESULTS The serum IFNγ concentrations were significantly higher in ALI patients with microcirculatory disturbance than in patients without microcirculatory disturbance, and the IFNγ was upregulated in the Con A mouse model which presented microcirculatory disturbance. Hepatic IFNγ expression was increased as early as 1 hour after Con A treatment prior to sinusoidal hypercoagulation and hypoxic liver damage. scRNA-seq revealed that IFNγ was upregulated in innate lymphoid cells and stimulated hepatic vascular endothelial cells at the early stage of liver injury. In IFNγ knockout mice treated with Con A, the sinusoidal hypercoagulation and liver damage were remarkably attenuated, concomitant with the complete inhibition of CD40 and tissue factor (TF) upregulation in vascular endothelial cells. By ligand-receptor analysis, CD40-CD40 ligand interaction was identified in vascular endothelial cells. In human LSECs, IFNγ upregulated CD40 expression and TF was further induced by increased CD40-CD40 ligand interaction. Consistent with these findings, hepatic CD40 expression was significantly elevated in human ALI patients with microcirculatory disturbance. CONCLUSION We identified the critical role of the IFNγ-CD40 axis as the molecular mechanism of microcirculatory disturbance in ALI. This finding may provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of ALI and potentially contribute to the emergence of new therapeutic strategies for ALI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miho Kurokawa
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, NHO Fukuokahigashi Medical Center, 1-1-1 Chidori, Koga, 811-3195, Japan
| | - Takeshi Goya
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Motoyuki Kohjima
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
- Department of Gastroenterology, NHO Kyushu Medical Center, 1-8-1 Jigyohama, Chuo-ku, Fukuoka, 810-8563, Japan.
| | - Masatake Tanaka
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Sadahiro Iwabuchi
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama-shi, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Shichino
- Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ueha
- Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Tomonobu Hioki
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Tomomi Aoyagi
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Motoi Takahashi
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Koji Imoto
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shigeki Tashiro
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hideo Suzuki
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masaki Kato
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Graduate School of Nutritional Sciences, Nakamura Gakuen University, 5-7-1 Befu, Jounan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0198, Japan
| | - Shinichi Hashimoto
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, Institute of Advanced Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama-shi, 641-8509, Japan
| | - Hideo Matsuda
- Department of Bioinformatic Engineering, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, 1-5 Yamadaoka, Suita-shi, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kouji Matsushima
- Division of Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory and Immune Diseases, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ogawa
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
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Shen M, Fan X, Shen Y, Wang X, Wu R, Wang Y, Huang C, Zhao S, Zheng Y, Men R, Luo X, Yang L. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells ameliorate liver mitochondrial damage to protect against autoimmune hepatitis by releasing small extracellular vesicles. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 114:109540. [PMID: 36516541 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is an inflammatory liver disease that is associated with impaired self-tolerance. Myeloid-derived supprfessor cells (MDSCs) have been considered to exert counterregulatory effects on AIH. However, the specific mechanism underlying these effects is unclear. Herein, we investigated the efficacy and safety of MDSCs in protecting against AIH and explored the underlying mechanism. METHODS Circulating and liver MDSC expression levels in 71 AIH patients and 47 healthy control (HC) individuals were detected by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. The adoptive transfer of induced bone marrow-derived MDSCs (BM MDSCs) to AIH mice was used to explore the function of MDSCs. Hepatic injury and mitochondrial damage were evaluated by transaminase levels, histopathology, immunohistochemistry, transmission electron microscopy and western blotting. MDSCs were pretreated with the small extracellular vesicle (sEV) generation inhibitor GW4869 to explore the mechanism. Importantly, sEVs derived from MDSCs and MDSCs-GW4869 were injected into model mice to monitor mitochondrial function and biogenesis. RESULTS Circulating and liver MDSCs were expanded in AIH patients and mouse model. Furthermore, the follow-up data of AIH patients showed that immunosuppressive therapy further promoted the expansion of MDSCs. More importantly, the adoptive transfer of BM MDSCs to AIH mice effectively ameliorated liver injury and regulated the imbalance of the immune microenvironment. Additionally, BM MDSCs reduced liver mitochondrial damage and improved mitochondrial biogenesis. Mechanistically, sEVs derived from BM MDSCs showed the same biological effects as cells, and blocking sEV production weakened the function of BM MDSCs. Finally, multiple long-term administrations of BM MDSCs were proven to be safe in general. CONCLUSION In conclusion, MDSCs ameliorate liver mitochondrial damage to protect against autoimmune hepatitis by releasing small extracellular vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyi Shen
- Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoli Fan
- Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Shen
- Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoze Wang
- Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ruiqi Wu
- Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shenglan Zhao
- Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanyi Zheng
- Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ruoting Men
- Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuefeng Luo
- Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Li Yang
- Sichuan University-University of Oxford Huaxi Joint Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Yang W, Shao F, Wang J, Shen T, Zhao Y, Fu X, Zhang L, Li H. Ethyl Acetate Extract from Artemisia argyi Prevents Liver Damage in ConA-Induced Immunological Liver Injury Mice via Bax/Bcl-2 and TLR4/MyD88/NF- κB Signaling Pathways. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227883. [PMID: 36431983 PMCID: PMC9693258 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunological liver injury (ILI) is a common liver disease and lacks potent drugs for treatment. Artemisia argyi Lévl. et Vant. (A. argyi), a medicinal and edible homologous plant usually used in diet therapy to cure various liver diseases, provides a great option for the prevention of ILI. PURPOSE To investigate the effect that ethyl acetate extract of A. argyi (AaEA) on Concanavalin A (ConA)-induced ILI and the mechanism of regulating Bax/Bcl-2 and TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathways. METHODS The chemical components of AaEA were studied by LC-MS. In animal experiments, the positive control group was administrated diammonium glycyrrhizinate (DIG, 100 mg/kg), while different doses of AaEA groups (AaEA-H, AaEA-M, AaEA-L) were pretreated with AaEA 2.00, 1.00, and 0.50 g/kg, respectively, by intragastric for seven days, once every day. Then, ConA (12.00 mg/kg) was used through tail intravenous injection to establish the ILI model. The blood samples and livers were collected to test the degree of liver dysfunction, inflammation, oxidative stress, histopathological changes, and cell apoptosis. Real-time PCR and Western blotting analysis were used to explain the mechanism of regulating Bax/Bcl-2 and TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathways. RESULTS The way in which AaEA prevents liver damage in immunological liver injury (ILI) mice caused by ConA was investigated for the first time. Pretreatment with AaEA reduced the expression of ALT, AST, and inflammatory factors (TNF-α and IFN-γ). Meanwhile, AaEA also reduced MDA levels but upregulated the contents of IL-4, SOD, and GSH-px, alleviating oxidative stress induced by ILI. Western blotting and real-time PCR analysis demonstrated that AaEA could regulate the expression level and relative mRNA expression of key proteins on Bax/Bcl-2 and TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathways. Finally, 504 components from AaEA were identified by LC-MS analysis, mainly including flavones, phenolic acids, and terpenoids with anti-inflammatory and liver protective activities, which highlights the potential of AaEA for diet treatment of ILI. CONCLUSION AaEA can work against ConA-induced ILI in mice by regulating Bax/Bcl-2 and TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathways, which has the potential to be a great strategy for the prevention of ILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqian Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Fei Shao
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Jiexin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Tong Shen
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Xueyan Fu
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750000, China
- Key Laboratory of Ningxia Ethnomedicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
| | - Liming Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750000, China
- Key Laboratory of Ningxia Ethnomedicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (H.L.)
| | - Hangying Li
- College of Pharmacy, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750000, China
- Key Laboratory of Ningxia Ethnomedicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (H.L.)
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Gu X, Chu Q, Ma X, Wang J, Chen C, Guan J, Ren Y, Wu S, Zhu H. New insights into iNKT cells and their roles in liver diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1035950. [PMID: 36389715 PMCID: PMC9643775 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1035950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural killer T cells (NKTs) are an important part of the immune system. Since their discovery in the 1990s, researchers have gained deeper insights into the physiology and functions of these cells in many liver diseases. NKT cells are divided into two subsets, type I and type II. Type I NKT cells are also named iNKT cells as they express a semi-invariant T cell-receptor (TCR) α chain. As part of the innate immune system, hepatic iNKT cells interact with hepatocytes, macrophages (Kupffer cells), T cells, and dendritic cells through direct cell-to-cell contact and cytokine secretion, bridging the innate and adaptive immune systems. A better understanding of hepatic iNKT cells is necessary for finding new methods of treating liver disease including autoimmune liver diseases, alcoholic liver diseases (ALDs), non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLDs), and liver tumors. Here we summarize how iNKT cells are activated, how they interact with other cells, and how they function in the presence of liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingfei Chu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Guan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanli Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shanshan Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haihong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Ma J, Jin Y, Tang Y, Li L. DeepTI: A deep learning-based framework decoding tumor-immune interactions for precision immunotherapy in oncology. SLAS DISCOVERY : ADVANCING LIFE SCIENCES R & D 2022; 27:121-127. [PMID: 35058187 DOI: 10.1016/j.slasd.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence suggests the immunomodulatory potential of genes in oncology. But the identification of immune attributes of genes is costly and time-consuming, which leads to an urgent demand to develop a prediction model. METHOD We developed a deep learning-based model to predict the immune properties of genes. This model is trained in 70% of samples and evaluated in 30% of samples. Furthermore, it uncovers 60 new immune-related genes. We analyzed the expression perturbation and prognostic value of these genes in gastric cancer. Finally, we validated these genes in immunotherapy-related datasets to check the predictive potential of immunotherapeutic sensitivity. RESULT This model classifies genes as immune-promoted or immune-inhibited based on the human PPI network and it achieves an accuracy of 0.68 on the test set. It uncovers 60 new immune-related genes, most of which are validated in the published literature. These genes are found to be downregulated in gastric cancer and significantly associated with the immune microenvironment in gastric cancer. Analysis of immunotherapy shows that these genes can discriminate between responder and non-responder. CONCLUSION This model can facilitate the identification of immune properties of genes, decoding tumor-immune interactions for precision immunotherapy in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Image Information Processing and Intelligent Control, School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Luoyu Road 1037, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Yan Jin
- Department of Human Anatomy & Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Yuanyuan Tang
- Department of Human Anatomy & Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China; Key Laboratory for Molecular Neurology of Xinxiang, Xinxiang 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Lijun Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, PR China; Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, PR China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.
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Zhang L, Chen D, Tu Y, Sang T, Pan T, Lin H, Cai C, Jin X, Wu F, Xu L, Chen Y. Vitexin attenuates autoimmune hepatitis in mouse induced by syngeneic liver cytosolic proteins via activation of AMPK/AKT/GSK-3β/Nrf2 pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 917:174720. [PMID: 34953801 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic progressive liver disease that currently does not have a successful therapeutic option. Vitexin, a bioflavonoid isolated from various medicinal plants, possesses a variety of activities; however, whether vitexin protects against AIH remains unclear. Therefore, the current study aims to investigate the hepatoprotective effects and mechanism of action of vitexin in both an experimental autoimmune hepatitis (EAH) mouse model and in D-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide (D-GalN/LPS)-induced hepatocyte injury. Syngeneic liver antigen S100 was used to establish EAH. Vitexin treatment significantly decreased the infiltration of inflammatory and CD4+ T cells in the liver, reduced ALT and AST levels in the serum and attenuated hepatic injury due to oxidative stress. Moreover, vitexin mitigated the upregulation of Bax and cleaved caspase-3 and the downregulation of Bcl-2 in the livers of AIH mice. These regulations were accompanied by not only increased phosphorylation of AMPK, AKT and GSK-3β but also activation of Nrf2. Furthermore, vitexin inhibited apoptosis and the overexpression of inflammatory cytokines in D-GalN/LPS-treated AML12 cells. In addition, vitexin enhanced the phosphorylation of AMPK, AKT and GSK-3β. When AML12 cells were treated with an inhibitor of AMPK/AKT or specific siRNA targeting Nrf2, vitexin did not further induce the activation of Nrf2/HO-1. A molecular docking study confirmed that vitexin could interact with AMPK through hydrogen bonding interactions. In conclusion, vitexin ameliorated hepatic injury in EAH mice through activation of the AMPK/AKT/GSK-3β pathway and upregulation of the Nrf2 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hepatology, Hepatology Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325006, China
| | - Dazhi Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital of Peking University, BeiJing, 100032, China
| | - Yulu Tu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital, Ningbo, 315336, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tiantian Sang
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325006, China
| | - Tongtong Pan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hepatology, Hepatology Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325006, China
| | - Hongwei Lin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hepatology, Hepatology Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325006, China
| | - Chao Cai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hepatology, Hepatology Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325006, China
| | - Xiaozhi Jin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hepatology, Hepatology Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325006, China
| | - Faling Wu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hepatology, Hepatology Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325006, China
| | - Lanman Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Liver Diseases, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yongping Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Accurate Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Liver Diseases, Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Hepatology, Hepatology Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325006, China.
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Ding Y, Yu Z, Zhang C. Diallyl trisulfide protects against concanavalin A-induced acute liver injury in mice by inhibiting inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis. Life Sci 2021; 278:119631. [PMID: 34022202 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of diallyl trisulfide (DATS) against acute liver injury induced by concanavalin A (Con A). MATERIALS AND METHODS DATS (20, 40, 80 mg/kg) were gavaged to ICR mice 1 h before Con A (20 mg/kg) tail vein injection. The survival rate of mice, alterations of serum biochemical markers and liver histopathology were measured to evaluate the protective effects of DATS at 24 h after Con A exposure. The indexes of inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis were determined to explore the possible mechanisms. KEY FINDINGS DATS pretreatment increased survival rate of mice in a dose-dependent manner, inhibited the increase of liver-to-spleen ratio and serum liver injury markers, and attenuated liver pathological damage induced by Con A. Further study showed that DATS pretreatment inhibited the activation of Kupffer cells/macrophages, release of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and Caspase-1-dependent inflammation induced by Con A. Moreover, DATS pretreatment alleviated the oxidative stress induced by Con A, which was evidenced by increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content in DATS and Con A co-treated mice compared with Con A alone group. Finally, DATS pretreatment reduced eosinophilic body formation, TUNEL positive staining and increased Bcl-2/Bax ratio in liver of Con A-injected mice, indicating attenuated apoptosis. SIGNIFICANCE Collectively, the results suggest that DATS displays potent protective effects against Con A-induced acute liver injury in mice possibly through inhibition of inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ding
- Department of Physical and Chemical Inspection, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Ziqiang Yu
- Institute of Toxicology and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China
| | - Cuili Zhang
- Institute of Toxicology and Nutrition, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province 250012, China.
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Lin D, Zhong S, Liu J. Targeting mitochondrial dysfunction in MAIT cells: Potential immunotherapeutic treatment for colorectal cancer. Med Hypotheses 2020; 146:110358. [PMID: 33317849 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mucosal associated invariant T (MAIT) cells have captured the attention of immunologists and clinicians in recent years due to their abundance in humans, especially in human liver and mucosal tissue. Colorectal cancer is one of the most common forms of cancer in mucosal tissue. Recent evidence reveal activated MAIT cells within the microenvironment of colorectal tumors. The increased tumor infiltration with MAIT cells correlates with poor survival in the colorectal cancer patients, suggesting MAIT cells are promising immunotherapeutic targets in colorectal cancer. Besides well-known role in anti-microbial immunity, MAIT cells have been associated with various forms of cancer. The Th1-biased MAIT cells are proposed to mediate anti-tumor immunity, while IL-17-producing subsets have been implicated in promoting malignancy. Reduced IFN-γ production and elevated IL-17 production of MAIT cells have been found in colorectal tumor tissue and shown to promote tumor growth and metastases. Although the mechanism(s) driving the increase in Th17-biased MAIT cells with reduced IFN-γ production in tumor is not fully understood, recent studies have linked IL-17 response to dysfunctional mitochondria and reactive oxygen species (ROS) from the mitochondria. Therefore, we hypothesize that mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to Th17-skewed MAIT cell responses with decreased IFN-γ production. Mitochondrial targeted antioxidants are supposed to be beneficial for recovering Th1-baised antitumor immunity and inhibiting IL-17 production of MAIT by improving mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dajia Lin
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery of Fujian Provincial Hospital, N0. 134, East Avenue, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Shishun Zhong
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Department of Digestive Endoscopy of Fujian Provincial Hospital, N0. 134, East Avenue, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jinsheng Liu
- Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery of Fujian Provincial Hospital, N0. 134, East Avenue, Fuzhou 350001, Fujian Province, China.
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Ouyang L, Gong J. Mitochondrial-targeted ubiquinone: A potential treatment for COVID-19. Med Hypotheses 2020; 144:110161. [PMID: 32795832 PMCID: PMC7403158 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Immune dysregulation characterized by T cell exhaustion and high level of inflammatory cytokines is associated with severe COVID-19. Figuring out the early event of immune dysregulation would provide a potential treatment for COVID-19. Recent evidence indicate that mitochondrial dysfunction participates in the development of COVID-19 and may be responsible for the dysregulated immune response. Mitochondrial-targeted ubiquinone (MitoQ), a mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant, shows beneficial effects on various diseases through improving mitochondrial dysfunction. We hypothesize that MitoQ could act as a potential treatment in COVID-19. MitoQ may alleviate cytokine storm and restore the function of exhausted T cells in COVID-19 patients through improving mitochondrial dysfunction. In this article, we provide evidence to support the use of MitoQ as a potential treatment or adjunct therapy in the context of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichen Ouyang
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Jie Gong
- The First Clinical College, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Institute of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Yang J, Suo H, Song J. Protective role of mitoquinone against impaired mitochondrial homeostasis in metabolic syndrome. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:3857-3875. [PMID: 32815398 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1809344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria control various processes in cellular metabolic homeostasis, such as adenosine triphosphate production, generation and clearance of reactive oxygen species, control of intracellular Ca2+ and apoptosis, and are thus a critical therapeutic target for metabolic syndrome (MetS). The mitochondrial targeted antioxidant mitoquinone (MitoQ) reduces mitochondrial oxidative stress, prevents impaired mitochondrial dynamics, and increases mitochondrial turnover by promoting autophagy (mitophagy) and mitochondrial biogenesis, which ultimately contribute to the attenuation of MetS conditions, including obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension and cardiovascular disease. The regulatory effect of MitoQ on mitochondrial homeostasis is mediated through AMPK and its downstream signaling pathways, including MTOR, SIRT1, Nrf2 and NF-κB. However, there are few reviews focusing on the critical role of MitoQ as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of MetS. The purpose of this review is to summarize the mitochondrial role in the pathogenesis of MetS, especially in obesity and type 2 diabetes, and discuss the effect and underlying mechanism of MitoQ on mitochondrial homeostasis in MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Processing & Storage of Distinct Agricultural Products, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, China.,Graduate School, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huayi Suo
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiajia Song
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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