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Boulanger C, Pawlik A, O'Connor S, Sémah AM, Reyes MC, Ingicco T. The Exploitation of Toxic Fish from the Terminal Pleistocene in Maritime Southeast Asia: A Case Study from the Mindoro Archaeological Sites, Philippines. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2113. [PMID: 37443911 DOI: 10.3390/ani13132113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Representatives of the Diodontidae family (porcupinefish) are known to have been fished by prehistoric Indo-Pacific populations; however, the antiquity of the use of this family is thus far unknown. We report here on the presence of Diodontidae in the archaeological sites of Bubog I, II, and Bilat in Mindoro, Philippines, dating back to c. 13,000 BP (Before Present). This evidence demonstrates the early exploitation by islanders of poisonous fish. Every part of porcupinefish can be toxic, but the toxicity is mostly concentrated in some organs, while other parts are edible. The continuous presence of Diodontidae remains throughout the stratigraphic record of these Philippines shell middens suggests that porcupinefish were prepared by human inhabitants of the sites to render them safe for consumption, indicating an advanced cultural knowledge of the preparation needed to separate the toxic principle from the edible parts. This constitutes one of the rare examples of poison processing by humans, aside from the contentious wooden stick poison applicator from Border Cave (South Africa).
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Boulanger
- UMR 7194 Histoire Naturelle de l'Homme Préhistorique, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 75005 Paris, France
- Archaeology and Natural History, School of Culture, History and Language, College of Asia and the Pacific, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science International Research Fellow, Department of Modern Society and Civilization, National Museum of Ethnology, Osaka 565-8511, Japan
| | - Alfred Pawlik
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, School of Social Sciences, Ateneo de Manila University, Quezon City 1108, Philippines
- TRACES ASIA, 3F Eduardo J. Aboitiz Sandbox Zone, Areté, Ateneo de Manila University, Quezon City 1108, Philippines
- Department of Early Prehistory and Quaternary Ecology, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Schloss Hohentübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sue O'Connor
- Archaeology and Natural History, School of Culture, History and Language, College of Asia and the Pacific, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Australian Biodiversity and Heritage, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Anne-Marie Sémah
- UMR 7194 Histoire Naturelle de l'Homme Préhistorique, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Marian C Reyes
- The National Museum of the Philippines, Manila 1000, Philippines
- School of Archaeology, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City 1101, Philippines
| | - Thomas Ingicco
- UMR 7194 Histoire Naturelle de l'Homme Préhistorique, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 75005 Paris, France
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3
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Laurentino TG, Boileau N, Ronco F, Berner D. The ectodysplasin-A receptor is a candidate gene for lateral plate number variation in stickleback fish. G3 GENES|GENOMES|GENETICS 2022; 12:6563190. [PMID: 35377433 PMCID: PMC9157104 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkac077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Variation in lateral plating in stickleback fish represents a classical example of rapid and parallel adaptation in morphology. The underlying genetic architecture involves polymorphism at the ectodysplasin-A gene (EDA). However, lateral plate number is influenced by additional loci that remain poorly characterized. Here, we search for such loci by performing genome-wide differentiation mapping based on pooled whole-genome sequence data from a European stickleback population variable in the extent of lateral plating, while tightly controlling for the phenotypic effect of EDA. This suggests a new candidate locus, the EDA receptor gene (EDAR), for which additional support is obtained by individual-level targeted Sanger sequencing and by comparing allele frequencies among natural populations. Overall, our study illustrates the power of pooled whole-genome sequencing for searching phenotypically relevant loci and opens opportunities for exploring the population genetics and ecological significance of a new candidate locus for stickleback armor evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Telma G Laurentino
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Zoology, University of Basel, 4051 Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Nicolas Boileau
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Zoology, University of Basel, 4051 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Fabrizia Ronco
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Zoology, University of Basel, 4051 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Berner
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Zoology, University of Basel, 4051 Basel, Switzerland
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4
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Wagner M, Bračun S, Duenser A, Sturmbauer C, Gessl W, Ahi EP. Expression variations in ectodysplasin-A gene (eda) may contribute to morphological divergence of scales in haplochromine cichlids. BMC Ecol Evol 2022; 22:28. [PMID: 35272610 PMCID: PMC8908630 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-022-01984-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elasmoid scales are one of the most common dermal appendages and can be found in almost all species of bony fish differing greatly in their shape. Whilst the genetic underpinnings behind elasmoid scale development have been investigated, not much is known about the mechanisms involved in moulding of scales. To investigate the links between gene expression differences and morphological divergence, we inferred shape variation of scales from two different areas of the body (anterior and posterior) stemming from ten haplochromine cichlid species from different origins (Lake Tanganyika, Lake Malawi, Lake Victoria and riverine). Additionally, we investigated transcriptional differences of a set of genes known to be involved in scale development and morphogenesis in fish. RESULTS We found that scales from the anterior and posterior part of the body strongly differ in their overall shape, and a separate look on scales from each body part revealed similar trajectories of shape differences considering the lake origin of single investigated species. Above all, nine as well as 11 out of 16 target genes showed expression differences between the lakes for the anterior and posterior dataset, respectively. Whereas in posterior scales four genes (dlx5, eda, rankl and shh) revealed significant correlations between expression and morphological differentiation, in anterior scales only one gene (eda) showed such a correlation. Furthermore, eda displayed the most significant expression difference between species of Lake Tanganyika and species of the other two younger lakes. Finally, we found genetic differences in downstream regions of eda gene (e.g., in the eda-tnfsf13b inter-genic region) that are associated with observed expression differences. This is reminiscent of a genetic difference in the eda-tnfsf13b inter-genic region which leads to gain or loss of armour plates in stickleback. CONCLUSION These findings provide evidence for cross-species transcriptional differences of an important morphogenetic factor, eda, which is involved in formation of ectodermal appendages. These expression differences appeared to be associated with morphological differences observed in the scales of haplochromine cichlids indicating potential role of eda mediated signal in divergent scale morphogenesis in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Wagner
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, 8010, Graz, Austria.,Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sandra Bračun
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Anna Duenser
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Christian Sturmbauer
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, 8010, Graz, Austria.
| | - Wolfgang Gessl
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Ehsan Pashay Ahi
- Institute of Biology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, 8010, Graz, Austria. .,Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, University of Helsinki, Viikinkaari 9, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.
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5
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Woodruff EC, Huie JM, Summers AP, Cohen KE. Pacific Spiny Lumpsucker armor - development, damage, and defense in the intertidal. J Morphol 2021; 283:164-173. [PMID: 34897789 DOI: 10.1002/jmor.21435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Predation, combat, and the slings and arrows of an abrasive and high impact environment, represent just some of the biotic and abiotic stressors that fishes are armored against. The Pacific Spiny Lumpsucker (Eumicrotremus orbis) found in the subtidal of the Northern Pacific Ocean is a rotund fish covered with epidermal, cone-shaped, enamel odontodes. The Lumpsucker is a poor swimmer in the wave swept rocky intertidal, and this armor may be a lightweight solution to the problem of collisions with abiotic obstacles. We use micro-CT and SEM to reveal the morphology and ontogeny of the armor, and to quantify the amount of mineralization relative to the endoskeleton. The non-overlapping odontodes are organized into eight rows - six rows on the body, one row surrounding the eye, and one row underneath the chin. Odontodes start as a single, hooked cone; and they grow by the addition of cusps that accrete into a spiral. The mineral investment in armor compared to skeleton increases over ontogeny. Damage to the armor occurs both through passive abrasion and breakage from impact; and there is no evidence of replacement, or repair of damaged odontodes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jonathan M Huie
- Biology Department, George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - Adam P Summers
- University of Washington Friday Harbor Laboratories, Friday Harbor, WA.,Biology Department, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Karly E Cohen
- University of Washington Friday Harbor Laboratories, Friday Harbor, WA.,Biology Department, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
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6
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Wainwright DK, Karan EA, Collar DC. Evolutionary patterns of scale morphology in damselfishes (Pomacentridae). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blab140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Fish scales are bony plates embedded in the skin that vary extensively in shape across taxa. Despite a plethora of hypotheses regarding form–function relationships in scales, we know little about the ecological selective factors that shape their diversity. Here we examine evolutionary patterns of scale morphology using novel three-dimensional topography from the surfaces of 59 species of damselfishes, a prominent radiation of coral reef fishes. We find evidence that scale morphology changes with different flow environments, such that species that spend more time in open-water habitats have smoother scales. We also show that other aspects of ecology lead to highly derived scales. For example, anemonefishes show an evolutionary transition to smaller scales and smaller ctenii (scale spines). Moreover, changes in body shape, which may reflect ecological differentiation, are related to scale shape but not surface properties. We also demonstrate weak evolutionary integration among multiple aspects of scale morphology; however, scale size and shape are related, and scale morphology is correlated between different body regions. Finally, we also identify a relationship between aspects of lateral line pore morphology, such that the number of lateral line pores per scale and the size of those pores are inversely related. Overall, our study provides insights into the multidimensionality of scale evolution and improves our understanding of some of the factors that can give rise to the diversity of scales seen across fishes.
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7
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Li C, Olave M, Hou Y, Qin G, Schneider RF, Gao Z, Tu X, Wang X, Qi F, Nater A, Kautt AF, Wan S, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Zhang H, Zhang B, Zhang H, Qu M, Liu S, Chen Z, Zhong J, Zhang H, Meng L, Wang K, Yin J, Huang L, Venkatesh B, Meyer A, Lu X, Lin Q. Genome sequences reveal global dispersal routes and suggest convergent genetic adaptations in seahorse evolution. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1094. [PMID: 33597547 PMCID: PMC7889852 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21379-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Seahorses have a circum-global distribution in tropical to temperate coastal waters. Yet, seahorses show many adaptations for a sedentary, cryptic lifestyle: they require specific habitats, such as seagrass, kelp or coral reefs, lack pelvic and caudal fins, and give birth to directly developed offspring without pronounced pelagic larval stage, rendering long-range dispersal by conventional means inefficient. Here we investigate seahorses' worldwide dispersal and biogeographic patterns based on a de novo genome assembly of Hippocampus erectus as well as 358 re-sequenced genomes from 21 species. Seahorses evolved in the late Oligocene and subsequent circum-global colonization routes are identified and linked to changing dynamics in ocean currents and paleo-temporal seaway openings. Furthermore, the genetic basis of the recurring "bony spines" adaptive phenotype is linked to independent substitutions in a key developmental gene. Analyses thus suggest that rafting via ocean currents compensates for poor dispersal and rapid adaptation facilitates colonizing new habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Li
- grid.458498.c0000 0004 1798 9724CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China ,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China ,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, China
| | - Melisa Olave
- grid.9811.10000 0001 0658 7699Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany ,grid.423606.50000 0001 1945 2152Present Address: Argentine Dryland Research Institute, National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (IADIZA-CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Yali Hou
- grid.464209.d0000 0004 0644 6935Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Geng Qin
- grid.458498.c0000 0004 1798 9724CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China ,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China
| | - Ralf F. Schneider
- grid.9811.10000 0001 0658 7699Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany ,Marine Ecology, Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Zexia Gao
- grid.35155.370000 0004 1790 4137College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | | | - Xin Wang
- grid.458498.c0000 0004 1798 9724CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Furong Qi
- grid.464209.d0000 0004 0644 6935Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Alexander Nater
- grid.9811.10000 0001 0658 7699Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Andreas F. Kautt
- grid.9811.10000 0001 0658 7699Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XPresent Address: Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Shiming Wan
- grid.458498.c0000 0004 1798 9724CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanhong Zhang
- grid.458498.c0000 0004 1798 9724CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yali Liu
- grid.458498.c0000 0004 1798 9724CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huixian Zhang
- grid.458498.c0000 0004 1798 9724CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- grid.458498.c0000 0004 1798 9724CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- grid.458498.c0000 0004 1798 9724CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng Qu
- grid.458498.c0000 0004 1798 9724CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuaishuai Liu
- grid.458498.c0000 0004 1798 9724CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zeyu Chen
- grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China ,grid.419010.d0000 0004 1792 7072State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Jia Zhong
- grid.458498.c0000 0004 1798 9724CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - He Zhang
- BGI-Qingdao, BGI-Shenzhen, Qingdao, China
| | | | - Kai Wang
- grid.443651.1School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Jianping Yin
- grid.458498.c0000 0004 1798 9724CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liangmin Huang
- grid.458498.c0000 0004 1798 9724CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Byrappa Venkatesh
- grid.418812.60000 0004 0620 9243Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR, Biopolis, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Axel Meyer
- grid.9811.10000 0001 0658 7699Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Xuemei Lu
- grid.419010.d0000 0004 1792 7072State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Qiang Lin
- grid.458498.c0000 0004 1798 9724CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China ,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou, China ,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Qingdao, China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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