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Pouxvielh K, Marotel M, Drouillard A, Villard M, Moreews M, Bossan A, Poiget M, Khoryati L, Benezech S, Fallone L, Hamada S, Rousseaux N, Picq L, Rocca Y, Berton A, Teixeira M, Mathieu AL, Ainouze M, Hasan U, Fournier A, Thaunat O, Marçais A, Walzer T. Tumor-induced natural killer cell dysfunction is a rapid and reversible process uncoupled from the expression of immune checkpoints. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadn0164. [PMID: 39196934 PMCID: PMC11352832 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adn0164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/30/2024]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells often become dysfunctional during tumor progression, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this phenotype remain unclear. To explore this phenomenon, we set up mouse lymphoma models activating or not activating NK cells. Both tumor types elicited type I interferon production, leading to the expression of a T cell exhaustion-like signature in NK cells, which included immune checkpoint proteins (ICPs). However, NK cell dysfunction occurred exclusively in the tumor model that triggered NK cell activation. Moreover, ICP-positive NK cells demonstrated heightened reactivity compared to negative ones. Furthermore, the onset of NK cell dysfunction was swift and temporally dissociated from ICPs induction, which occurred as a later event during tumor growth. Last, NK cell responsiveness was restored when stimulation was discontinued, and interleukin-15 had a positive impact on this reversion. Therefore, our data demonstrate that the reactivity of NK cells is dynamically controlled and that NK cell dysfunction is a reversible process uncoupled from the expression of ICPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kévin Pouxvielh
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France
- Sanofi Oncology Research, Vitry-Sur-Seine, France
| | - Marie Marotel
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France
| | - Annabelle Drouillard
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France
| | - Marine Villard
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France
| | - Marion Moreews
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France
| | - Anna Bossan
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France
| | - Mathilde Poiget
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France
| | - Liliane Khoryati
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France
| | - Sarah Benezech
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France
| | - Lucie Fallone
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France
| | - Sarah Hamada
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France
| | - Noémi Rousseaux
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France
| | - Louis Picq
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France
| | - Yamila Rocca
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France
| | - Aurore Berton
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France
| | - Marine Teixeira
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France
| | - Anne-Laure Mathieu
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France
| | - Michelle Ainouze
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France
| | - Uzma Hasan
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France
| | | | - Olivier Thaunat
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France
| | - Antoine Marçais
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France
| | - Thierry Walzer
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Univ Lyon, Inserm, U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, F-69007 Lyon, France
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Valenzuela-Vázquez L, Nuñez-Enriquez JC, Sánchez-Herrera J, Medina-Sanson A, Pérez-Saldivar ML, Jiménez-Hernández E, Martiín-Trejo JA, Del Campo-Martínez MDLÁ, Flores-Lujano J, Amador-Sánchez R, Mora-Ríos FG, Peñaloza-González JG, Duarte-Rodríguez DA, Torres-Nava JR, Espinosa-Elizondo RM, Cortés-Herrera B, Flores-Villegas LV, Merino-Pasaye LE, Almeida-Hernández C, Ramírez-Colorado R, Solís-Labastida KA, Medrano-López F, Pérez-Gómez JA, Velázquez-Aviña MM, Martínez-Ríos A, Aguilar-De los Santos A, Santillán-Juárez JD, Gurrola-Silva A, García-Velázquez AJ, Mata-Rocha M, Hernández-Echáurregui GA, Sepúlveda-Robles OA, Rosas-Vargas H, Mancilla-Herrera I, Jimenez-Morales S, Hidalgo-Miranda A, Martinez-Duncker I, Waight JD, Hance KW, Madauss KP, Mejía-Aranguré JM, Cruz-Munoz ME. NK cells with decreased expression of multiple activating receptors is a dominant phenotype in pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1023510. [PMID: 36419901 PMCID: PMC9677112 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1023510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
NK cells have unique attributes to react towards cells undergoing malignant transformation or viral infection. This reactivity is regulated by activating or inhibitory germline encoded receptors. An impaired NK cell function may result from an aberrant expression of such receptors, a condition often seen in patients with hematological cancers. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common pediatric cancer worldwide and NK cells have emerged as crucial targets for developing immunotherapies. However, there are important gaps concerning the phenotype and behavior of NK cells during emergence of ALL. In this study we analyze the phenotype and function of NK cells from peripheral blood in pediatric patients with ALL at diagnosis. Our results showed that NK cells exhibited an altered phenotype highlighted by a significant reduction in the overall expression and percent representation of activating receptors compared to age-matched controls. No significant differences were found for the expression of inhibitory receptors. Moreover, NK cells with a concurrent reduced expression in various activating receptors, was the dominant phenotype among patients. An alteration in the relative frequencies of NK cells expressing NKG2A and CD57 within the mature NK cell pool was also observed. In addition, NK cells from patients displayed a significant reduction in the ability to sustain antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Finally, an aberrant expression of activating receptors is associated with the phenomenon of leukemia during childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucero Valenzuela-Vázquez
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos Nuñez-Enriquez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Epidemiología Clínica, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) “Siglo XXI”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jacqueline Sánchez-Herrera
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Aurora Medina-Sanson
- Servicio de Oncología Pediátrica, Hospital Infantil de México, “Dr. Federico Gómez Sántos”, Secretaria de Salud, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - María Luisa Pérez-Saldivar
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Epidemiología Clínica, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) “Siglo XXI”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Elva Jiménez-Hernández
- Servicio de Hematología Pediátrica, Hospital General “Gaudencio González Garza”, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) “La Raza”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jorge Alfonso Martiín-Trejo
- Servicio de Hematología Pediátrica, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) “Siglo XXI”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - María de Los Ángeles Del Campo-Martínez
- Servicio de Hematología Pediátrica, Hospital General “Gaudencio González Garza”, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) “La Raza”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Janet Flores-Lujano
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Epidemiología Clínica, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) “Siglo XXI”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Raquel Amador-Sánchez
- Hospital General Regional No. 1 “Carlos McGregor Sánchez Navarro”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Félix Gustavo Mora-Ríos
- Departamento de Hematología, Hospital General Regional Ignacio Zaragoza del Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - David Aldebarán Duarte-Rodríguez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Epidemiología Clínica, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) “Siglo XXI”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Refugio Torres-Nava
- Servicio de Oncología, Hospital Pediátrico de Moctezuma, Secretaría de Salud de la Ciudad de México (CDMX), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Beatriz Cortés-Herrera
- Servicio de Hematología Pediátrica, Hospital General de México, Secretaria de Salud (SS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luz Victoria Flores-Villegas
- Servicio de Hematología Pediátrica, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) “20 de Noviembre”, Instituto de Seguridad Social al Servicio de los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Laura Elizabeth Merino-Pasaye
- Servicio de Hematología Pediátrica, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) “20 de Noviembre”, Instituto de Seguridad Social al Servicio de los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carolina Almeida-Hernández
- Hospital General de Ecatepec “Las Américas”, Instituto de Salud del Estado de México (ISEM), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rosario Ramírez-Colorado
- Hospital Pediátrico La Villa, Secretaría de Salud de la Ciudad de México (SSCDMX), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Karina Anastacia Solís-Labastida
- Servicio de Hematología Pediátrica, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) “Siglo XXI”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Francisco Medrano-López
- Hospital General Regional (HGR) No. 72 “Dr. Vicente Santos Guajardo”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jessica Arleet Pérez-Gómez
- Hospital General Regional (HGR) No. 72 “Dr. Vicente Santos Guajardo”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Annel Martínez-Ríos
- Departamento de Hematología, Hospital General Regional Ignacio Zaragoza del Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Jessica Denisse Santillán-Juárez
- Servicio de Hemato-oncología Pediátrica, Hospital Regional No. 1° de Octubre, Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alma Gurrola-Silva
- Hospital Regional Tipo B de Alta Especialidad Bicentenario de la Independencia, Instituto de Seguridad Social al Servicio de los Trabajadores del Estado, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Jimena García-Velázquez
- Servicio de Hemato-oncología Pediátrica, Hospital Regional No. 1° de Octubre, Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Minerva Mata-Rocha
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Epidemiología Clínica, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) “Siglo XXI”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Omar Alejandro Sepúlveda-Robles
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Genética Humana, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) “Siglo XXI”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Haydeé Rosas-Vargas
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Genética Humana, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) “Siglo XXI”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ismael Mancilla-Herrera
- Departamento de Infectología e Inmunología, Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Silvia Jimenez-Morales
- Laboratorio de Genómica del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alfredo Hidalgo-Miranda
- Laboratorio de Genómica del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ivan Martinez-Duncker
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - Juan Manuel Mejía-Aranguré
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Genética Humana, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE) Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional (CMN) “Siglo XXI”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Genómica del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Juan Manuel Mejía-Aranguré, ; Mario Ernesto Cruz-Munoz,
| | - Mario Ernesto Cruz-Munoz
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
- *Correspondence: Juan Manuel Mejía-Aranguré, ; Mario Ernesto Cruz-Munoz,
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3
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Cheng Y, Zheng X, Wang X, Chen Y, Wei H, Sun R, Tian Z, Sun H. Trispecific killer engager 161519 enhances natural killer cell function and provides anti-tumor activity against CD19-positive cancers. Cancer Biol Med 2020; 17:1026-1038. [PMID: 33299651 PMCID: PMC7721099 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2020.0399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Natural killer (NK) cells have gained considerable attention due to their potential in treating “cold tumors,” and are therefore considered as one of the new strategies for curing cancer, by using worldwide development of their new possibilities and interventions with NK cell-related therapeutic products. Methods: We constructed a trispecific killer engager (TriKE) consisting of anti-CD16, IL-15, and anti-CD19. This TriKE was designed to attract CD19+ tumor cells to CD16+ NK cells, whereas IL-15 sustained the proliferation, development, and survival of NK cells. Results: Treatment with 161519 TriKE in the presence of CD19+ targets upregulated expression of CD69, CD107a, TRAIL, IFN-γ, and TNF-α in NK cells, and significantly improved the proliferation and cytotoxicity of NK cells. NK cells “armed” with 161519 TriKE showed stronger cytolysis against CD19+ targets compared with that of “unarmed” NK cells. A preclinical model of B-cell lymphoma in human peripheral blood mononuclear cell-reconstituted xenograft mice showed significant inhibition of tumor growth and prolonged overall survival after treatment with 161519 TriKE, when compared with that in control mice or mice treated with 1619 BiKE. Combined use of IL-2 was a more effective treatment with 1619 BiKE, when compared with that using 161519 TriKE. Conclusions: The newly generated 161519 TriKE enhanced the proliferation, activation, cytokine secretion, and cytotoxicity of NK cells in the presence of CD19+ tumor cells. The 161519 TriKE aided inhibition of tumor growth and prolonged the overall survival of murine xenografts, and could be used to treat CD19-positive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Cheng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Xuefu Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Yongyan Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Haiming Wei
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Zhigang Tian
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China.,Research Unit of NK Cell Study, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100864, China
| | - Haoyu Sun
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Institute of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
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4
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Montes P, Bernal M, Campo LN, González-Ramírez AR, Jiménez P, Garrido P, Jurado M, Garrido F, Ruiz-Cabello F, Hernández F. Tumor genetic alterations and features of the immune microenvironment drive myelodysplastic syndrome escape and progression. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2019; 68:2015-2027. [PMID: 31705171 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-019-02420-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The transformation and progression of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) to secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML) involve genetic, epigenetic, and microenvironmental factors. Driver mutations have emerged as valuable markers for defining risk groups and as candidates for targeted treatment approaches in MDS. It is also evident that the risk of transformation to sAML is increased by evasion of adaptive immune surveillance. This study was designed to explore the immune microenvironment, immunogenic tumor-intrinsic mechanisms (HLA and PD-L1 expression), and tumor genetic features (somatic mutations and altered karyotypes) in MDS patients and to determine their influence on the progression of the disease. We detected major alterations of the immune microenvironment in MDS patients, with a reduced count of CD4+ T cells, a more frequent presence of markers related to T cell exhaustion, a more frequent presence of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and changes in the functional phenotype of NK cells. HLA Class I (HLA-I) expression was normally expressed in CD34+ blasts and during myeloid differentiation. Only two out of thirty-six patients with homozygosity for HLA-C groups acquired complete copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity in the HLA region. PD-L1 expression on the leukemic clone was also increased in MDS patients. Finally, no interplay was observed between the anti-tumor immune microenvironment and mutational genomic features. In summary, extrinsic and intrinsic immunological factors might severely impair immune surveillance and contribute to clonal immune escape. Genomic alterations appear to make an independent contribution to the clonal evolution and progression of MDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Montes
- Servicio de Análisis Clínicos e Inmunología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Avda. Fuerzas Arnadas s/n, 18014, Granada, Spain
- Programa de doctorado en Biomedicina, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Mónica Bernal
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - Laura N Campo
- Servicio de Análisis Clínicos e Inmunología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Avda. Fuerzas Arnadas s/n, 18014, Granada, Spain
| | - Amanda Rocío González-Ramírez
- Hospital Universitario San Cecilio, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Fundación de Investigación, Biosanitaria Alejandro Otero, FIBAO, Granada, Spain
| | - Pilar Jiménez
- Servicio de Análisis Clínicos e Inmunología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Avda. Fuerzas Arnadas s/n, 18014, Granada, Spain
| | - Pilar Garrido
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - Manuel Jurado
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | - Federico Garrido
- Servicio de Análisis Clínicos e Inmunología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Avda. Fuerzas Arnadas s/n, 18014, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- Departamento Bioquímica, Biología Molecular e Inmunología III, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Ruiz-Cabello
- Servicio de Análisis Clínicos e Inmunología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Avda. Fuerzas Arnadas s/n, 18014, Granada, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain.
- Departamento Bioquímica, Biología Molecular e Inmunología III, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain.
| | - Francisca Hernández
- Servicio de Hematología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
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5
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Truxova I, Kasikova L, Salek C, Hensler M, Lysak D, Holicek P, Bilkova P, Holubova M, Chen X, Mikyskova R, Reinis M, Kovar M, Tomalova B, Kline JP, Galluzzi L, Spisek R, Fucikova J. Calreticulin exposure on malignant blasts correlates with improved natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity in acute myeloid leukemia patients. Haematologica 2019; 105:1868-1878. [PMID: 31582537 PMCID: PMC7327638 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.223933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In some settings, cancer cells responding to treatment undergo an immunogenic form of cell death that is associated with the abundant emission of danger signals in the form of damage-associated molecular patterns. Accumulating preclinical and clinical evidence indicates that danger signals play a crucial role in the (re-)activation of antitumor immune responses in vivo, thus having a major impact on patient prognosis. We have previously demonstrated that the presence of calreticulin on the surface of malignant blasts is a positive prognostic biomarker for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Calreticulin exposure not only correlated with enhanced T-cell-dependent antitumor immunity in this setting but also affected the number of circulating natural killer (NK) cells upon restoration of normal hematopoiesis. Here, we report that calreticulin exposure on malignant blasts is associated with enhanced NK cell cytotoxic and secretory functions, both in AML patients and in vivo in mice. The ability of calreticulin to stimulate NK-cells relies on CD11c+CD14high cells that, upon exposure to CRT, express higher levels of IL-15Rα, maturation markers (CD86 and HLA-DR) and CCR7. CRT exposure on malignant blasts also correlates with the upregulation of genes coding for type I interferon. This suggests that CD11c+CD14high cells have increased capacity to migrate to secondary lymphoid organs, where can efficiently deliver stimulatory signals (IL-15Rα/IL-15) to NK cells. These findings delineate a multipronged, clinically relevant mechanism whereby surface-exposed calreticulin favors NK-cell activation in AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lenka Kasikova
- Sotio, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Immunology, Charles University, 2 Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Cyril Salek
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague, Czech Republic.,Institute of Clinical and Experimental Hematology, 1 Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Daniel Lysak
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital in Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Holicek
- Sotio, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Immunology, Charles University, 2 Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Monika Holubova
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology and Immunotherapy, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Xiufen Chen
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Romana Mikyskova
- Laboratory of Immunological and Tumour models, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Reinis
- Laboratory of Immunological and Tumour models, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Kovar
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Tomalova
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Justin P Kline
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,Committee on Immunology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.,University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Universite de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Radek Spisek
- Sotio, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Immunology, Charles University, 2 Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Fucikova
- Sotio, Prague, Czech Republic .,Department of Immunology, Charles University, 2 Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
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6
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Abd El-Aziz N, El Gohary G, Mohamed S, El-Saleh K. Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications of Lymphocytes in Hematological Disorders and Solid Malignancies. LYMPHOCYTES 2019. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.79168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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7
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Grieger E, Gresch G, Niesen J, Woitok M, Barth S, Fischer R, Fendel R, Stein C. Efficient targeting of CD13 on cancer cells by the immunotoxin scFv13-ETA' and the bispecific scFv [13xds16]. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2017; 143:2159-2170. [PMID: 28669053 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-017-2468-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Treatment of cancer using standard chemotherapy still offers a poor prognosis combined with severe side effects. Novel antibody-based therapies have been shown to overcome low efficiency and lack of selectivity by targeting cancer-associated antigens, such as aminopeptidase CD13. METHODS We isolated a high-affinity CD13-specific single-chain fragment variable (scFv13) from a phage display library of V-genes from mice immunized with soluble antigen. An immunotoxin comprising the scFv13 and a truncated version of the exotoxin A of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ETA', scFv13-ETA') and a bispecific scFv targeting CD13 and CD16 simultaneously (bsscFv[13xds16]) was generated and investigated for their therapeutic potential. RESULTS Both fusion proteins bound specifically to target cells with high affinity. Furthermore, scFv13-ETA' inhibited the proliferation of human cancer cell lines efficiently at low concentrations (IC50 values of 408 pM-7 nM) and induced apoptosis (40-85% of target cells). The bsscFv triggered dose-dependent antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, resulting in the lysis of up to 23.9% A2058 cells, 18.0% MDA-MB-468 cells and 19.1% HL-60 cells. CONCLUSION The provided data demonstrate potent therapeutic activity of the scFv13-ETA' and the bsscFv[13xds16]. The CD13-specific scFv is therefore suitable for the direct and specific delivery of both cytotoxic agents and effector cells to cancer-derived cells, making it ideal for further therapeutic evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Grieger
- Department of Immunotherapy, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Forckenbeckstr. 6, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
- Institute for Applied Medical Engineering, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 20, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Gerrit Gresch
- Department of Immunotherapy, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Forckenbeckstr. 6, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute for Applied Medical Engineering, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 20, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Judith Niesen
- Department of Immunotherapy, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Forckenbeckstr. 6, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mira Woitok
- Department of Immunotherapy, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Forckenbeckstr. 6, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan Barth
- Department of Immunotherapy, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Forckenbeckstr. 6, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute for Applied Medical Engineering, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 20, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa
| | - Rainer Fischer
- Department of Immunotherapy, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Forckenbeckstr. 6, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Rolf Fendel
- Department of Immunotherapy, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Forckenbeckstr. 6, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Christoph Stein
- Department of Immunotherapy, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Forckenbeckstr. 6, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute for Applied Medical Engineering, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 20, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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8
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Rey J, Fauriat C, Kochbati E, Orlanducci F, Charbonnier A, D'Incan E, Andre P, Romagne F, Barbarat B, Vey N, Olive D. Kinetics of Cytotoxic Lymphocytes Reconstitution after Induction Chemotherapy in Elderly AML Patients Reveals Progressive Recovery of Normal Phenotypic and Functional Features in NK Cells. Front Immunol 2017; 8:64. [PMID: 28210257 PMCID: PMC5288405 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
NK cells are defective in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) at diagnosis. Here, we studied the kinetic of expression of the major activating and inhibitory receptors of NK, CD8 T, and γδ T cells in patients undergoing chemotherapy (CT) for the treatment of AML (n = 29). We showed that NK cells are the main affected population at diagnosis and that expression of activating receptors is partially restored within a few weeks after CT. CD8 T cells and γδ T cells are only weakly affected at diagnosis. Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor expression by NK cells, but not NKG2A and CD85j, was downregulated. Interestingly, the development of NK cells appeared altered as the most immature CD56bright NK cells were seriously underrepresented. Finally, we showed that NK cell functions were only partially restored 6 weeks after CT as degranulation capabilities of NK cells recovered, whereas cytokine production remained low. Our data point out NK cells as antitumor effectors peculiarly hampered by leukemic cells. This study may indicate a timeline when NK-mediated therapies or other immunotherapies could be performed, particularly for patients excluded of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Rey
- Département d'Hématologie, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France; Plateforme d'Immunomonitoring en Cancérologie de Marseille, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
| | - Cyril Fauriat
- Plateforme d'Immunomonitoring en Cancérologie de Marseille, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France; Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, INSERM U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, UM105, CNRS, UMR7258, Marseille, France
| | - Eloïse Kochbati
- Plateforme d'Immunomonitoring en Cancérologie de Marseille, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France; Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, INSERM U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, UM105, CNRS, UMR7258, Marseille, France
| | - Florence Orlanducci
- Plateforme d'Immunomonitoring en Cancérologie de Marseille, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France; Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, INSERM U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, UM105, CNRS, UMR7258, Marseille, France
| | - Aude Charbonnier
- Département d'Hématologie, Institut Paoli-Calmettes , Marseille , France
| | - Evelyne D'Incan
- Département d'Hématologie, Institut Paoli-Calmettes , Marseille , France
| | | | - François Romagne
- Innate-Pharma, Marseille, France; Mi-mAbs, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Bernadette Barbarat
- Plateforme d'Immunomonitoring en Cancérologie de Marseille, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France; Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, INSERM U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, UM105, CNRS, UMR7258, Marseille, France
| | - Norbert Vey
- Département d'Hématologie, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France; Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, INSERM U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, UM105, CNRS, UMR7258, Marseille, France
| | - Daniel Olive
- Plateforme d'Immunomonitoring en Cancérologie de Marseille, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France; Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille, INSERM U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, UM105, CNRS, UMR7258, Marseille, France
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9
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Konjević G, Vuletić A, Mirjačić Martinović K, Colović N, Čolović M, Jurišić V. Decreased CD161 activating and increased CD158a inhibitory receptor expression on NK cells underlies impaired NK cell cytotoxicity in patients with multiple myeloma. J Clin Pathol 2016; 69:jclinpath-2016-203614. [PMID: 27083212 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2016-203614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM As innate immune cells natural killer (NK), NK-like T and CTLγδ are important in antitumour response in multiple myeloma (MM), the aim of this study was to investigate some functional and phenotypical characteristics of these cells in MM. METHODS 29 patients with MM prior to therapy, in clinical stage I-III and 15 healthy controls (HCs) were investigated. Percent of immune cells in peripheral blood, NK cell activity, expression of activating (CD161) and inhibitory (CD158a, CD158b) NK cell receptors on CD3-CD16+ NK cells were evaluated using 51-chromium-release assay and by flow cytometry. Production of interleukin (IL) 2 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)α was analysed in supernatants from in vitro activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. RESULTS In patients with MM the percent of NK cells and their two subsets did not differ from controls, while NK-like T and CTLγδ cells were significantly decreased. Significant impairment of NK cell cytotoxicity, CD107a expression and interferon γ intracellular level was also shown. There was a significant decrease in CD161 and an increase in CD158a receptor expression on NK cells in these patients. Also IL-2 production was lowest in clinical stage III. However, TNF-α production did not differ between patients and HCs. CONCLUSIONS Altered expression of CD161 activating and CD158a KIR inhibitory receptor is responsible for impaired antitumour activity of NK cells in MM patients. These new biomarkers may be helpful for patient selection for immunotherapy with cytokines, and novel KIR blocking monoclonal antibodies that enhance NK cell antimyeloma activity and provide clinical benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordana Konjević
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ana Vuletić
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Nataša Colović
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia Institute of Hematology, Clinical Center Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Čolović
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Jurišić
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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10
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Pietra G, Vitale C, Pende D, Bertaina A, Moretta F, Falco M, Vacca P, Montaldo E, Cantoni C, Mingari MC, Moretta A, Locatelli F, Moretta L. Human natural killer cells: news in the therapy of solid tumors and high-risk leukemias. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2016; 65:465-76. [PMID: 26289090 PMCID: PMC11028670 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-015-1744-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
It is well established that natural killer (NK) cells play an important role in the immunity against cancer, while the involvement of other recently identified, NK-related innate lymphoid cells is still poorly defined. In the haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for the therapy of high-risk leukemias, NK cells have been shown to exert a key role in killing leukemic blasts residual after conditioning. While the clinical results in the cure of leukemias are excellent, the exploitation of NK cells in the therapy of solid tumors is still limited and unsatisfactory. In solid tumors, NK cell function may be inhibited via different mechanisms, occurring primarily at the tumor site. The cellular interactions in the tumor microenvironment involve tumor cells, stromal cells and resident or recruited leukocytes and may favor tumor evasion from the host's defenses. In this context, a number of cytokines, growth factors and enzymes synthesized by tumor cells, stromal cells, suppressive/regulatory myeloid and lymphoid cells may substantially impair the function of different tumor-reactive effector cells, including NK cells. The identification and characterization of such mechanisms may offer clues for the development of new immunotherapeutic strategies to restore effective anti-tumor responses. In order to harness NK cell-based immunotherapies, several approaches have been proposed, including reinforcement of NK cell cytotoxicity by means of specific cytokines, antibodies or drugs. These new tools may improve NK cell function and/or increase tumor susceptibility to NK-mediated killing. Hence, the integration of NK-based immunotherapies with conventional anti-tumor therapies may increase chances of successful cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Pietra
- IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Chiara Vitale
- IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | | | | | - Francesca Moretta
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- Ospedale Sacro Cuore, Negrar, Verona, Italy
| | - Michela Falco
- Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via G. Gaslini n. 5, 16147, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paola Vacca
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Elisa Montaldo
- Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via G. Gaslini n. 5, 16147, Genoa, Italy
| | - Claudia Cantoni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
- Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Via G. Gaslini n. 5, 16147, Genoa, Italy
- Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Mingari
- IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
- Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Moretta
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
- Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy
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11
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Messaoudene M, Fregni G, Enot D, Jacquelot N, Neves E, Germaud N, Garchon HJ, Boukouaci W, Tamouza R, Chanal J, Avril MF, Toubert A, Zitvogel L, Rusakiewicz S, Caignard A. NKp30 isoforms and NKp46 transcripts in metastatic melanoma patients: Unique NKp30 pattern in rare melanoma patients with favorable evolution. Oncoimmunology 2016; 5:e1154251. [PMID: 28123867 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2016.1154251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the NK cell-based immunosurveillance of melanoma, we investigated the prognostic value of NKp46 transcript and NKp30 isoform (NKp30A, NKp30B and NKp30C) profiling in blood of 187 melanoma patients including 13 long survivors (LS), metastatic patients that have controlled the disease. Compared to healthy volunteers (HV), patients had reduced amounts of transcripts of the three NKp30 isoforms (NKp30 A, B and C) but similar ratios between NKp30 isoforms (ΔAB, ΔAC, ΔBC). Stratification of patients according to disease stage showed higher NKp30C and lower NKp46 transcripts in stage IV patients. Furthermore, patients with previous history of conventional chemotherapy displayed reduced NKp30A transcripts. The expression levels of NKp30 isoforms failed to predict survival from sampling of patients, while NKp46 expression predicted melanoma outcome. LS patients displayed elevated NKp30A levels, accordingly high ΔAB and ΔBC ratios, and a unique pattern of rare allelic variants of NKp30 SNPs. Moreover, NK cells from LS displayed correlated NKp30/NKp46 membrane expression, high spontaneous and NKp30- or NKp46-triggered degranulation. These data outline the impact of NKp30 and NKp46 transcripts on melanoma evolution and identify unique genetic features of NKp30 associated with higher NK activation in rare LS melanoma patients that control a metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meriem Messaoudene
- INSERMU1160, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint Louis , Paris, France
| | - Giulia Fregni
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne , Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - David Enot
- U1015 INSERM-CIC, Institut Gustave Roussy , Villejuif, France
| | - Nicolas Jacquelot
- U1015 INSERM-CIC, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; University of Paris Sud XI, Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Emmanuelle Neves
- INSERMU1160, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint Louis , Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Germaud
- Inserm U1173 and University of Versailles Saint-Quentin, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France; APHP, Ambroise Paré Hospital, Division of Genetics, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Henri Jean Garchon
- Inserm U1173 and University of Versailles Saint-Quentin, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France; APHP, Ambroise Paré Hospital, Division of Genetics, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Wahid Boukouaci
- INSERMU1160, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint Louis , Paris, France
| | - Ryad Tamouza
- INSERMU1160, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint Louis , Paris, France
| | - Johan Chanal
- APHP, Department of Dermatology, Hospital Cochin, University Paris Descartes , Paris, France
| | - Marie-Françoise Avril
- APHP, Department of Dermatology, Hospital Cochin, University Paris Descartes, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Toubert
- INSERMU1160, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint Louis , Paris, France
| | - Laurence Zitvogel
- U1015 INSERM-CIC, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; University of Paris Sud XI, Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Institut de Cancérologie Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus (GRCC), Villejuif, France; INSERM, U1015, GRCC, Villejuif, France; Center of Clinical Investigations in Biotherapies of Cancer, CICBT507, GRCC, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Anne Caignard
- INSERMU1160, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint Louis , Paris, France
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12
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Lotfi R, Kaltenmeier C, Lotze MT, Bergmann C. Until Death Do Us Part: Necrosis and Oxidation Promote the Tumor Microenvironment. Transfus Med Hemother 2016; 43:120-32. [PMID: 27226794 DOI: 10.1159/000444941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor proliferation is concomitant with autophagy, limited apoptosis, and resultant necrosis. Necrosis is associated with the release of damage-associated molecular pattern molecules (DAMPs), which act as 'danger signals', recruiting inflammatory cells, inducing immune responses, and promoting wound healing. Most of the current treatment strategies for cancer (chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormonal therapy) promote DAMP release following therapy-induced tumor death by necroptosis and necrosis. Myeloid cells (monocytes, dendritic cells (DCs), and granulocytes), as well as mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) belong to the early immigrants in response to unscheduled cell death, initiating and modulating the subsequent inflammatory response. Responding to DAMPs, MSCs, and DCs promote an immunosuppressive milieu, while eosinophils induce oxidative conditions limiting the biologic activity of DAMPs over time and distance. Regulatory T cells are strongly affected by pattern recognition receptor signaling in the tumor microenvironment and limit immune reactivity coordinately with myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Means to 'aerobically' oxidize DAMPs provide a novel strategy for limiting tumor progression. The present article summarizes our current understanding of the impact of necrosis on the tumor microenvironment and the influence of oxidative conditions found within this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Lotfi
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany; Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm, German Red Cross Blood Services Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christof Kaltenmeier
- University of Pittsburgh Schools of the Health Sciences G.27A Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Michael T Lotze
- University of Pittsburgh Schools of the Health Sciences G.27A Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Christoph Bergmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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13
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Differential expression of ligands for NKG2D and DNAM-1 receptors by epithelial ovarian cancer-derived exosomes and its influence on NK cell cytotoxicity. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:5455-66. [PMID: 26563374 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4313-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers constitutively produce and secrete into the blood and other biofluids 30-150 nm-sized endosomal vehicles called exosomes. Cancer-derived exosomes exhibit powerful influence on a variety of biological mechanisms to the benefit of the tumors that produce them. We studied the immunosuppressive ability of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) exosomes on two cytotoxic pathways of importance for anticancer immunity-the NKG2D receptor-ligand pathway and the DNAM-1-PVR/nectin-2 pathway. Using exosomes, isolated from EOC tumor explant and EOC cell-line culture supernatants, and ascitic fluid from EOC patients, we studied the expression of NKG2D and DNAM-1 ligands on EOC exosomes and their ability to downregulate the cognate receptors. Our results show that EOC exosomes differentially and constitutively express NKG2D ligands from both MICA/B and ULBP families on their surface, while DNAM-1 ligands are more seldom expressed and not associated with the exosomal membrane surface. Consequently, the NKG2D ligand-bearing EOC exosomes significantly downregulated the NKG2D receptor expression on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) while the DNAM-1 receptor was unaffected. The downregulation of NKG2D receptor expression was coupled to inhibition of NKG2D receptor-ligand-mediated degranulation and cytotoxicity measured in vitro with OVCAR-3 and K562 cells as targets. The EOC exosomes acted as a decoy impairing the NKG2D mediated cytotoxicity while the DNAM-1 receptor-ligand system remained unchanged. Taken together, our results support and explain the mechanism behind the recently reported finding that in EOC, NK-cell recognition and killing of tumor cells was mainly dependent on DNAM-1 signaling while the contribution of the NKG2D receptor-ligand pathway was complementary and uncertain.
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14
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Chretien AS, Granjeaud S, Gondois-Rey F, Harbi S, Orlanducci F, Blaise D, Vey N, Arnoulet C, Fauriat C, Olive D. Increased NK Cell Maturation in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Front Immunol 2015; 6:564. [PMID: 26594214 PMCID: PMC4635854 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding immune alterations in cancer patients is a major challenge and requires precise phenotypic study of immune subsets. Improvement of knowledge regarding the biology of natural killer (NK) cells and technical advances leads to the generation of high dimensional dataset. High dimensional flow cytometry requires tools adapted to complex dataset analyses. This study presents an example of NK cell maturation analysis in Healthy Volunteers (HV) and patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) with an automated procedure using the FLOCK algorithm. This procedure enabled to automatically identify NK cell subsets according to maturation profiles, with 2D mapping of a four-dimensional dataset. Differences were highlighted in AML patients compared to HV, with an overall increase of NK maturation. Among patients, a strong heterogeneity in NK cell maturation defined three distinct profiles. Overall, automatic gating with FLOCK algorithm is a recent procedure, which enables fast and reliable identification of cell populations from high-dimensional cytometry data. Such tools are necessary for immune subset characterization and standardization of data analyses. This tool is adapted to new immune cell subsets discovery, and may lead to a better knowledge of NK cell defects in cancer patients. Overall, 2D mapping of NK maturation profiles enabled fast and reliable identification of NK cell subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Sophie Chretien
- Centre de Cancérologie de Marseille, Team Immunity and Cancer, INSERM, U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, UM 105, CNRS, UMR7258 , Marseille , France
| | - Samuel Granjeaud
- Centre de Cancérologie de Marseille, Systems Biology Platform, INSERM, U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, UM 105, CNRS, UMR7258 , Marseille , France
| | - Françoise Gondois-Rey
- Centre de Cancérologie de Marseille, Team Immunity and Cancer, INSERM, U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, UM 105, CNRS, UMR7258 , Marseille , France ; Centre de Cancérologie de Marseille, Plateforme d'Immunomonitoring en Cancérologie, INSERM, U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, UM 105, CNRS, UMR7258 , Marseille , France
| | - Samia Harbi
- Hematology and Transplant and Cellular Therapy Department, Institut Paoli-Calmettes , Marseille , France
| | - Florence Orlanducci
- Centre de Cancérologie de Marseille, Systems Biology Platform, INSERM, U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, UM 105, CNRS, UMR7258 , Marseille , France
| | - Didier Blaise
- Centre de Cancérologie de Marseille, Team Immunity and Cancer, INSERM, U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, UM 105, CNRS, UMR7258 , Marseille , France ; Hematology and Transplant and Cellular Therapy Department, Institut Paoli-Calmettes , Marseille , France
| | - Norbert Vey
- Centre de Cancérologie de Marseille, Team Immunity and Cancer, INSERM, U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, UM 105, CNRS, UMR7258 , Marseille , France ; Hematology Department, Institut Paoli-Calmettes , Marseille , France
| | - Christine Arnoulet
- Centre de Cancérologie de Marseille, Team Immunity and Cancer, INSERM, U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, UM 105, CNRS, UMR7258 , Marseille , France ; Biopathology Department, Institut Paoli Calmettes , Marseille , France
| | - Cyril Fauriat
- Centre de Cancérologie de Marseille, Team Immunity and Cancer, INSERM, U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, UM 105, CNRS, UMR7258 , Marseille , France
| | - Daniel Olive
- Centre de Cancérologie de Marseille, Team Immunity and Cancer, INSERM, U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, UM 105, CNRS, UMR7258 , Marseille , France ; Centre de Cancérologie de Marseille, Systems Biology Platform, INSERM, U1068, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Aix-Marseille Université, UM 105, CNRS, UMR7258 , Marseille , France
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KIR Genes and Patterns Given by the A Priori Algorithm: Immunity for Haematological Malignancies. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2015; 2015:141363. [PMID: 26495028 PMCID: PMC4606520 DOI: 10.1155/2015/141363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are membrane proteins expressed by cells of innate and adaptive immunity. The KIR system consists of 17 genes and 614 alleles arranged into different haplotypes. KIR genes modulate susceptibility to haematological malignancies, viral infections, and autoimmune diseases. Molecular epidemiology studies rely on traditional statistical methods to identify associations between KIR genes and disease. We have previously described our results by applying support vector machines to identify associations between KIR genes and disease. However, rules specifying which haplotypes are associated with greater susceptibility to malignancies are lacking. Here we present the results of our investigation into the rules governing haematological malignancy susceptibility. We have studied the different haplotypic combinations of 17 KIR genes in 300 healthy individuals and 43 patients with haematological malignancies (25 with leukaemia and 18 with lymphomas). We compare two machine learning algorithms against traditional statistical analysis and show that the “a priori” algorithm is capable of discovering patterns unrevealed by previous algorithms and statistical approaches.
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Khaznadar Z, Boissel N, Agaugué S, Henry G, Cheok M, Vignon M, Geromin D, Cayuela JM, Castaigne S, Pautas C, Raffoux E, Lachuer J, Sigaux F, Preudhomme C, Dombret H, Dulphy N, Toubert A. Defective NK Cells in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients at Diagnosis Are Associated with Blast Transcriptional Signatures of Immune Evasion. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2015; 195:2580-90. [PMID: 26246143 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1500262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous group of malignancies that may be sensitive to the NK cell antitumor response. However, NK cells are frequently defective in AML. In this study, we found in an exploratory cohort (n = 46) that NK cell status at diagnosis of AML separated patients in two groups with a different clinical outcome. Patients with a deficient NK cell profile, including reduced expression of some activating NK receptors (e.g., DNAX accessory molecule-1, NKp46, and NKG2D) and decreased IFN-γ production, had a significantly higher risk of relapse (p = 0.03) independently of cytogenetic classification in multivariate analysis. Patients with defective NK cells showed a profound gene expression decrease in AML blasts for cytokine and chemokine signaling (e.g., IL15, IFNGR1, IFNGR2, and CXCR4), Ag processing (e.g., HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB1, and CD74) and adhesion molecule pathways (e.g., PVR and ICAM1). A set of 388 leukemic classifier genes defined in the exploratory cohort was independently validated in a multicentric cohort of 194 AML patients. In total, these data evidenced the interplay between NK cells and AML blasts at diagnosis allowing an immune-based stratification of AML patients independently of clinical classifications.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Antigens, CD/immunology
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/immunology
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic/immunology
- Female
- HLA-DR alpha-Chains/immunology
- HLA-DRB1 Chains/immunology
- Humans
- Interferon-gamma/biosynthesis
- Interleukin-15/biosynthesis
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/immunology
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Receptors, CXCR4/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Interferon/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Natural Killer Cell/metabolism
- Sialyltransferases/immunology
- Tumor Escape/genetics
- Tumor Escape/immunology
- Young Adult
- Interferon gamma Receptor
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Affiliation(s)
- Zena Khaznadar
- INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S1160, 75010 Paris, France; Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Boissel
- Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75010 Paris, France; Service d'Hématologie Adulte, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 75010 Paris, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, EA3518, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Sophie Agaugué
- INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S1160, 75010 Paris, France; Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Guylaine Henry
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie et Histocompatibilité, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Meyling Cheok
- INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S1172, 59045 Lille, France; Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Centre de Biologie-Pathologie Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire Lille, Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Marguerite Vignon
- INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S1160, 75010 Paris, France; Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Daniela Geromin
- Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75010 Paris, France; Laboratoire d'Hématologie Biologique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 75010 Paris, France; Tumorothèque, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Jean-Michel Cayuela
- Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75010 Paris, France; Laboratoire d'Hématologie Biologique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 75010 Paris, France; Tumorothèque, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Castaigne
- Université de Versailles-Saint Quentin, 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Cécile Pautas
- Université Paris-Est Créteil, 94000 Créteil, France; Service d'Hématologie Clinique, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Henri Mondor, 94000 Créteil, France
| | - Emmanuel Raffoux
- Service d'Hématologie Adulte, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 75010 Paris, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, EA3518, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Joel Lachuer
- INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France; Centre National pour la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche-5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France; Université Unité Mixte de Recherche-S1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, 69008 Lyon, France; Université de Lyon, 69000 Lyon, France; and ProfileXpert, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - François Sigaux
- Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Claude Preudhomme
- INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S1172, 59045 Lille, France; Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Centre de Biologie-Pathologie Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire Lille, Université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Hervé Dombret
- Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75010 Paris, France; Service d'Hématologie Adulte, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 75010 Paris, France; Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, EA3518, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Dulphy
- INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S1160, 75010 Paris, France; Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75010 Paris, France; Laboratoire d'Immunologie et Histocompatibilité, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 75010 Paris, France;
| | - Antoine Toubert
- INSERM, Unité Mixte de Recherche-S1160, 75010 Paris, France; Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75010 Paris, France; Laboratoire d'Immunologie et Histocompatibilité, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 75010 Paris, France;
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17
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Cancer exosomes and NKG2D receptor-ligand interactions: impairing NKG2D-mediated cytotoxicity and anti-tumour immune surveillance. Semin Cancer Biol 2014; 28:24-30. [PMID: 24602822 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2014.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 02/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Human cancers constitutively produce and release endosome-derived nanometer-sized vesicles called exosomes that carry biologically active proteins, messenger and micro RNAs and serve as vehicles of intercellular communication. The tumour exosomes are present in the blood, urine and various malignant effusions such as peritoneal and pleural fluid of cancer patients and can modulate immune cells and responses thus deranging the immune system of cancer patients and giving advantage to the cancer to establish and spread itself. Here, the role of exosomes in the NKG2D receptor-ligand system's interactions is discussed. The activating NK cell receptor NKG2D and its multiple ligands, the MHC class I-related chain (MIC) A/B and the retinoic acid transcript-1/UL-16 binding proteins (RAET1/ULBP) 1-6 comprise a powerful stress-inducible danger detector system that targets infected, inflamed and malignantly transformed cells and plays a decisive role in anti-tumour immune surveillance. Mounting evidence reveals that the MIC- and RAET1/ULBP ligand family members are enriched in the endosomal compartment of various tumour cells and expressed and released into the intercellular space and bodily fluids on exosomes thus preserving their entire molecule, three-dimensional protein structure and biologic activity. The NKG2D ligand-expressing exosomes serve as decoys with a powerful ability to down regulate the cognate receptor and impair the cytotoxic function of NK-, NKT-, gamma/delta- and cytotoxic T cells. This review summarizes recent findings concerning the role of NKG2D receptor-ligand system in cancer with emphasis on regulation of NKG2D ligand expression and the immunosuppressive role of exosomally expressed NKG2D ligands.
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18
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Baier C, Fino A, Sanchez C, Farnault L, Rihet P, Kahn-Perlès B, Costello RT. Natural killer cells modulation in hematological malignancies. Front Immunol 2013; 4:459. [PMID: 24391641 PMCID: PMC3867693 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematological malignancies (HM) treatment improved over the last years resulting in increased achievement of complete or partial remission, but unfortunately high relapse rates are still observed, due to remaining minimal residual disease. Therefore, sustainment of long-term remission is crucial, using either drug maintenance treatment or by boosting or prolonging an immune response. Immune system has a key role in tumor surveillance. Nonetheless, tumor-cells evade the specific T-lymphocyte mediated immune surveillance using many mechanisms but especially by the down-regulation of the expression of HLA class I antigens. In theory, these tumor-cells lacking normal expression of HLA class I molecules should be destroyed by natural killer (NK) cells, according to the missing-self hypothesis. NK cells, at the frontier of innate and adaptive immune system, have a central role in tumor-cells surveillance as demonstrated in the setting of allogenic stem cell transplantation. Nevertheless, tumors develop various mechanisms to escape from NK innate immune pressure. Abnormal NK cytolytic functions have been described in many HM. We present here various mechanisms involved in the escape of HM from NK-cell surveillance, i.e., NK-cells quantitative and qualitative abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Baier
- UMR1090 TAGC, INSERM , Marseille , France ; UMR1090 TAGC, Aix-Marseille Université , Marseille , France
| | - Aurore Fino
- UMR1090 TAGC, INSERM , Marseille , France ; UMR1090 TAGC, Aix-Marseille Université , Marseille , France
| | | | - Laure Farnault
- UMR1090 TAGC, INSERM , Marseille , France ; Service d'hématologie, APHM, Hôpital de la Conception , Marseille , France
| | - Pascal Rihet
- UMR1090 TAGC, INSERM , Marseille , France ; UMR1090 TAGC, Aix-Marseille Université , Marseille , France
| | - Brigitte Kahn-Perlès
- UMR1090 TAGC, INSERM , Marseille , France ; UMR1090 TAGC, Aix-Marseille Université , Marseille , France
| | - Régis T Costello
- UMR1090 TAGC, INSERM , Marseille , France ; UMR1090 TAGC, Aix-Marseille Université , Marseille , France ; Service d'hématologie, APHM, Hôpital de la Conception , Marseille , France
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19
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Support vector machine algorithms in the search of KIR gene associations with disease. Comput Biol Med 2013; 43:2053-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2013.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Revised: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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20
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Martner A, Thorén FB, Aurelius J, Hellstrand K. Immunotherapeutic strategies for relapse control in acute myeloid leukemia. Blood Rev 2013; 27:209-16. [PMID: 23871358 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2013.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Despite that the initial phases of chemotherapy induce disappearance of leukemic cells in many patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the prevention of life-threatening relapses in the post-remission phase remains a significant clinical challenge. Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, which is available for a minority of patients, efficiently prevents recurrences of leukemia by inducing immune-mediated elimination of leukemic cells, and over the past decades, numerous immunotherapeutic protocols have been developed aiming to mimic the graft-versus-leukemia reaction for the prevention of relapse. Here we review past and present strategies for relapse control with focus on overcoming leukemia-related immunosuppression in AML. We envisage future treatment protocols, in which systemic immune activators, such as vaccines, dendritic cell-based therapies, engineered variants of IL-2, or IL-15, are combined with agents that counter immunosuppression mediated by, e.g., the PD/PDL interaction, CTLA-4, CD200, reactive oxygen species, IDO expression, CXCR4, or the KIR/class I interaction, based on characteristics of the prevailing malignant clone. This combinatorial approach may pave the way for individualized immunotherapy in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Martner
- Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Box 405, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
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21
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Hematological malignancies escape from NK cell innate immune surveillance: mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Clin Dev Immunol 2012; 2012:421702. [PMID: 22899948 PMCID: PMC3415262 DOI: 10.1155/2012/421702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2012] [Revised: 06/01/2012] [Accepted: 06/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Hematological malignancies treatment improved over the last years resulting in increased achievement of complete or partial remission, but unfortunately high relapse rates are still observed. Therefore, sustainment of long-term remission is crucial. Immune system has a key role in tumor surveillance. Natural killer (NK) cells, at the frontier of innate and adaptive immune system, have a central role in tumor cells surveillance as demonstrated in the setting of allogenic stem cell transplantation. Nevertheless, tumor cells develop various mechanisms to escape from NK cells innate immune pressure. Abnormal NK cytolytic functions have been described in nearly all hematological malignancies. We present here various mechanisms involved in the escape of hematological malignancies from NK cells surveillance: NK cells quantitative deficiency and NK cell qualitative deficiency by increased inhibition signaling or decreased activating stimuli. A challenge of immunotherapy is to restore an efficient antitumor response. A combination of classical therapy plus immune modulation strategies will soon become a standard of care for hematological malignancies.
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22
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Lion E, Anguille S, Berneman ZN, Smits ELJM, Van Tendeloo VFI. Poly(I:C) enhances the susceptibility of leukemic cells to NK cell cytotoxicity and phagocytosis by DC. PLoS One 2011; 6:e20952. [PMID: 21698118 PMCID: PMC3117863 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2011] [Accepted: 05/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
α Active specific immunotherapy aims at stimulating the host's immune system to recognize and eradicate malignant cells. The concomitant activation of dendritic cells (DC) and natural killer (NK) cells is an attractive modality for immune-based therapies. Inducing immunogenic cell death to facilitate tumor cell recognition and phagocytosis by neighbouring immune cells is of utmost importance for guiding the outcome of the immune response. We previously reported that acute myeloid leukemic (AML) cells in response to electroporation with the synthetic dsRNA analogue poly(I:C) exert improved immunogenicity, demonstrated by enhanced DC-activating and NK cell interferon-γ-inducing capacities. To further invigorate the potential of these immunogenic tumor cells, we explored their effect on the phagocytic and cytotoxic capacity of DC and NK cells, respectively. Using single-cell analysis, we assessed these functionalities in two- and three-party cocultures. Following poly(I:C) electroporation AML cells become highly susceptible to NK cell-mediated killing and phagocytosis by DC. Moreover, the enhanced killing and the improved uptake are strongly correlated. Interestingly, tumor cell killing, but not phagocytosis, is further enhanced in three-party cocultures provided that these tumor cells were upfront electroporated with poly(I:C). Altogether, poly(I:C)-electroporated AML cells potently activate DC and NK cell functions and stimulate NK-DC cross-talk in terms of tumor cell killing. These data strongly support the use of poly(I:C) as a cancer vaccine component, providing a way to overcome immune evasion by leukemic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Lion
- Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (Vaxinfectio), Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
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Natural killer cells recognize friend retrovirus-infected erythroid progenitor cells through NKG2D-RAE-1 interactions In Vivo. J Virol 2011; 85:5423-35. [PMID: 21411527 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02146-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells function as early effector cells in the innate immune defense against viral infections and also participate in the regulation of normal and malignant hematopoiesis. NK cell activities have been associated with early clearance of viremia in experimental simian immunodeficiency virus and clinical human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infections. We have previously shown that NK cells function as major cytotoxic effector cells in vaccine-induced immune protection against Friend virus (FV)-induced leukemia, and NK cell depletion totally abrogates the above protective immunity. However, how NK cells recognize retrovirus-infected cells remains largely unclear. The present study demonstrates a correlation between the expression of the products of retinoic acid early transcript-1 (RAE-1) genes in target cells and their susceptibility to killing by NK cells isolated from FV-infected animals. This killing was abrogated by antibodies blocking the NKG2D receptor in vitro. Further, the expression of RAE-1 proteins on erythroblast surfaces increased early after FV inoculation, and administration of an RAE-1-blocking antibody resulted in increased spleen infectious centers and exaggerated pathology, indicating that FV-infected erythroid cells are recognized by NK cells mainly through the NKG2D-RAE-1 interactions in vivo. Enhanced retroviral replication due to host gene-targeting resulted in markedly increased RAE-1 expression in the absence of massive erythroid cell proliferation, indicating a direct role of retroviral replication in RAE-1 upregulation.
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Sanchez-Correa B, Gayoso I, Bergua JM, Casado JG, Morgado S, Solana R, Tarazona R. Decreased expression of DNAM-1 on NK cells from acute myeloid leukemia patients. Immunol Cell Biol 2011; 90:109-15. [PMID: 21383766 DOI: 10.1038/icb.2011.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This study tested the hypothesis that the expression of CD112 and CD155 (DNAM-1 ligands) on leukemic blasts induces a decreased expression of the activating receptor DNAM-1 on natural killer (NK) cells from acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. DNAM-1 is a co-receptor involved in the activation of NK cell cytotoxicity after its interaction with its ligands CD112 and CD155 on target cells. Here we study the expression of DNAM-1 on NK cells and DNAM-1 ligands on blasts from AML patients stratified by age. The results demonstrate that NK cells from AML patients younger than 65 years have a reduced expression of DNAM-1 compared with age-matched controls. The analysis of DNAM-1 ligands showed a high expression of CD112 and CD155 on leukemic blasts. An inverse correlation between CD112 expression on leukemic blasts and DNAM-1 expression on NK cells was found. Furthermore, downregulation of DNAM-1 was induced on healthy donors' NK cells after in vitro culture with leukemic blasts expressing DNAM-1 ligands. In conclusion, these results support the hypothesis that receptor-ligand crosslinking downregulates DNAM-1 expression on NK cells from patients <65 years of age. Considering the relevance of DNAM-1 in NK recognition and killing of leukemic cells, the reduced expression of this receptor on NK cells from AML patients can represent an additional mechanism of tumor escape.
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25
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Rizzieri DA, Storms R, Chen DF, Long G, Yang Y, Nikcevich DA, Gasparetto C, Horwitz M, Chute J, Sullivan K, Hennig T, Misra D, Apple C, Baker M, Morris A, Green PG, Hasselblad V, Chao NJ. Natural killer cell-enriched donor lymphocyte infusions from A 3-6/6 HLA matched family member following nonmyeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2010; 16:1107-14. [PMID: 20188202 PMCID: PMC3625653 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2010.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2009] [Accepted: 02/18/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Infusing natural killer (NK) cells following transplantation may allow less infections and relapse with little risk of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD). We delivered 51 total NK cell-enriched donor lymphocyte infusions (DLIs) to 30 patients following a 3-6/6 HLA matched T cell-depleted nonmyeloablative allogeneic transplant. The primary endpoint of this study was feasibility and safety. Eight weeks following transplantation, donor NK cell-enriched DLIs were processed using a CD56(+) selecting column with up to 3 fresh infusions allowed. Toxicity, relapse, and survival were monitored. T cell phenotype, NK cell functional recovery, and KIR typing were assessed for association with outcomes. Fourteen matched and 16 mismatched transplanted patients received a total of 51 NK cell-enriched DLIs. Selection resulted in 96% (standard deviation [SD] 8%) purity and 83% (SD 21%) yield in the matched setting and 97% (SD 3%) purity and 77% (SD 24%) yield in the mismatched setting. The median number of CD3(-) CD56(+) NK cells infused was 10.6 (SD 7.91) x 10(6) cells/kg and 9.21 (SD 5.6) x 10(6) cells/kg, respectively. The median number of contaminating CD3(+)CD56(-) T cells infused was .53 (1.1) x 10(6) and .27 (.78) x 10(6) in the matched and mismatched setting, respectively. Only 1 patient each in the matched (n = 14) or mismatched (n = 16) setting experienced severe aGVHD with little other toxicity attributable to the infusions. Long-term responders with multiple NK cell-enriched infusions and improved T cell phenotypic recovery had improved duration of responses (p = .0045) and overall survival (OS) (P = .0058). A 1-step, high-yield process is feasible, and results in high doses of NK cells infused with little toxicity. NK cell-enriched DLIs result in improved immune recovery and outcomes for some. Future studies must assess whether the improved outcomes are the direct result of the high doses and improved NK cell function or other aspects of immune recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Rizzieri
- Duke University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Cellular Therapy, Durham, North Carloina, 27705, USA.
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IL-2-driven regulation of NK cell receptors with regard to the distribution of CD16+ and CD16- subpopulations and in vivo influence after haploidentical NK cell infusion. J Immunother 2010; 33:200-10. [PMID: 20145545 DOI: 10.1097/cji.0b013e3181bb46f7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
To characterize natural killer (NK) cell subpopulations during activation, we analyzed the NK cell receptor repertoire and functionality of purified clinical scale CD56CD3 donor NK cells during stimulation with 1000 U/mL interleukin (IL)-2 for up to 14 days. In a phase I/II trial, we investigated the efficacy and feasibility of nonidentical NK cell infusion in patients with neuroblastoma after haploidentical stem cell transplantation. After IL-2 stimulation, large differences in the distribution of CD16 and CD16 subpopulations were found in 12 donors. Thereby, surface expression for all natural cytotoxicity receptors (NCRs) and NKG2D increased. In addition, killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) NK cells were overgrown by KIR proportion and the homing receptor CD62L was lost during stimulation. NK cell cytotoxicity against K562 and neuroblastoma cells increased and significantly higher cytokine secretion (eg, interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor-beta, macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha, macrophage inflammatory protein-1beta) was observed after IL-2 stimulation compared with freshly isolated NK cells. However, NK cells of donors showing an initially enhanced cytotoxicity combined with NCR and CD69 expression, seemed to be exhausted and did not favor a stimulation period over 9 days. When IL-2-stimulated NK cells were given to transplant recipients, they induced a decrease of peripheral blood NK, in particular of CD56-NK cells. Our data indicate that IL-2 stimulation increases the expression of activating receptors and emphasizes mechanisms beside KIR/human leukocyte antigen. Furthermore, the results suggest that the expansion period of purified NK cells has to be individualized to optimize NK cell immunotherapy.
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Mirjačić Martinović K, Konjević G, Babović N, Inić M. The stage dependent changes in NK cell activity and the expression of activating and inhibitory NK cell receptors in melanoma patients. J Surg Res 2010; 171:637-49. [PMID: 20828749 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2010.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2010] [Revised: 04/02/2010] [Accepted: 05/10/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As NK cell antitumor activity is regulated by the balance between numerous activating and inhibitory receptors the aim of this study was to analyze the changes in these receptors expression as well as the differences in their association with NK cell activity in melanoma patients in different clinical stages. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-three melanoma patients in the three different clinical stages and 17 healthy controls were analyzed for NK cell activity by the standard (51)Cr radioactive assay, as well as for the percentage and absolute number of CD3-CD56+ NK cells and their subsets and the expression of degranulation marker CD107a, activating NKG2D and CD161, and inhibitory KIR, CD158a, and CD158b receptors on CD3-CD56+ NK cells by flow cytometry. IFN-γ and TNF-α PBL production were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS We show that contrary to nonmetastatic, metastatic melanoma patients have significantly impaired NK cell activity, lower CD107a expression, as well as decreased production of IFN-γ and TNF-α. Furthermore, these melanoma patients have a significant decrease in the expression of activating NKG2D receptor, which positively correlates with NK cytotoxicity, and a significant increase in the expression of inhibitory CD158b on CD3-CD56+ NK cells compared with healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we show that metastatic melanoma patients have significant changes in NK cell activity and the expression of activating as well as inhibitory NK cell receptors. These results indicate that only in this patient group, the blocking of inhibitory or enhancing of activating NK cell receptor expression may promote NK cell-mediated cytolysis.
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Heidemann SC, Chavez V, Landers CJ, Kucharzik T, Prehn JL, Targan SR. TL1A selectively enhances IL-12/IL-18-induced NK cell cytotoxicity against NK-resistant tumor targets. J Clin Immunol 2010; 30:531-8. [PMID: 20349123 PMCID: PMC2900590 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-010-9382-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2009] [Accepted: 03/03/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Introduction TL1A (TNFSF15) augments IFN-γ production by IL-12/IL-18 responsive human T cells. Its ligand, death domain receptor 3 (DR3), is induced by activation on T and NK cells. Although IL-12/IL-18 induces DR3 expression on most NK cells, addition of TL1A minimally increases IFN-γ production. Methods 51Chromium release and flow cytometric analysis were used to determine whether the TL1A-DR3 pathway is implicated in tumor cell lysis. Our aim was to determine whether the TL1A-DR3 pathway is implicated in tumor cell lysis. Results TL1A had no additional effect on IL-12/IL-18-induced cytotoxicity against an NK-susceptible tumor (K562); however, it promoted cytotoxicity against NK-resistant targets susceptible to lysis only by activated NK cells. Discussion With IL-12/IL-18 activation, TL1A increased CD107a expression on NK cells which led to enhanced lysis of Daudi by PBMC and purified NK cells. To a lesser degree, TL1A increased lysis of colorectal adenocarcinoma epithelial derived lines (WiDr and SW837) by IL-12/IL-18-activated cells. Conclusion TL1A increased cytotoxicity of IL-12/IL-18-activated NK cells against target cells dependent on NK activation for lysis and could function in vivo as a key co-activator of NK cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie C Heidemann
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Beverly Blvd., D4063, Los Angeles, CA, 90048, USA
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Konjević G, Mirjačić Martinović K, Jurišić V, Babović N, Spužić I. Biomarkers of suppressed natural killer (NK) cell function in metastatic melanoma: Decreased NKG2D and increased CD158a receptors on CD3–CD16+ NK cells. Biomarkers 2009; 14:258-70. [DOI: 10.1080/13547500902814658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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30
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Rey J, Veuillen C, Vey N, Bouabdallah R, Olive D. Natural killer and gammadelta T cells in haematological malignancies: enhancing the immune effectors. Trends Mol Med 2009; 15:275-84. [PMID: 19487160 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2009.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2009] [Revised: 04/03/2009] [Accepted: 04/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Human natural killer (NK) and gamma delta (gammadelta) T cells are potent effectors involved in the destruction of abnormal cells. Accumulating clinical and experimental data point towards a key role for NK cells and gammadelta T cells in the control of most, if not all, haematological malignancies. This review focuses on the alterations in these effector cells found in patients with haematological malignancies, which might explain an escape from innate immune surveillance. We discuss new anti-cancer drugs that target these effector cells indirectly or directly. Finally, we review future strategies that offer the possibility of enhancing the effector functions of NK and gammadelta T cells against haematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Rey
- INSERM UMR 891, Université de la Méditerranée, Institut de Cancérologie et d'Immunologie de Marseille IFR137, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 232 Boulevard Sainte-Marguerite, 13009 Marseille, France
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31
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Costello RT. How to restore normal innate antitumor immunity in acute leukemia? Leuk Res 2009; 33:613. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2008.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2008] [Revised: 09/08/2008] [Accepted: 09/18/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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32
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La Rocca R, Fulciniti M, Lakshmikanth T, Mesuraca M, Ali TH, Mazzei V, Amodio N, Catalano L, Rotoli B, Ouerfelli O, Grieco M, Gulletta E, Bond HM, Morrone G, Ferrone S, Carbone E. Early hematopoietic zinc finger protein prevents tumor cell recognition by natural killer cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2009; 182:4529-37. [PMID: 19342626 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0802109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Early hematopoietic zinc finger/zinc finger protein 521 (EHZF/ZNF521) is a novel zinc finger protein expressed in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells and is down-regulated during their differentiation. Its transcript is also abundant in some hematopoietic malignancies. Analysis of the changes in the antigenic profile of cells transfected with EHZF cDNA revealed up-regulation of HLA class I cell surface expression. This phenotypic change was associated with an increased level of HLA class I H chain, in absence of detectable changes in the expression of other Ag-processing machinery components. Enhanced resistance of target cells to NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity was induced by enforced expression of EHZF in the cervical carcinoma cell line HeLa and in the B lymphoblastoid cell line IM9. Preincubation of transfected cells with HLA class I Ag-specific mAb restored target cell susceptibility to NK cell-mediated lysis, indicating a specific role for HLA class I Ag up-regulation in the NK resistance induced by EHZF. A potential clinical significance of these findings is further suggested by the inverse correlation between EHZF and MHC class I expression levels, and autologous NK susceptibility of freshly explanted multiple myeloma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosanna La Rocca
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine G Salvatore, University of Catanzaro Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
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Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes of the innate immune system that monitor cell surfaces of autologous cells for an aberrant expression of MHC class I molecules and cell stress markers. Since their first description more than 30 years ago, NK cells have been implicated in the immune defence against tumours. Here, we review the broadly accumulating evidence for a crucial contribution of NK cells to the immunosurveillance of tumours and the molecular mechanisms that allow NK cells to distinguish malignant from healthy cells. Particular emphasis is placed on the activating NK receptor NKG2D, which recognizes a variety of MHC class I-related molecules believed to act as 'immuno-alerters' on malignant cells, and on tumour-mediated counterstrategies promoting escape from NKG2D-mediated recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Waldhauer
- Department of Immunology, Interfacultary Institute for Cell Biology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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34
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Acute myeloid leukemic cell lines loaded with synthetic dsRNA trigger IFN-gamma secretion by human NK cells. Leuk Res 2008; 33:539-46. [PMID: 18845337 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2008.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2008] [Revised: 07/17/2008] [Accepted: 08/26/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are key players of innate immunity. Besides their major cytotoxic function, NK cells can also produce inflammatory cytokines such as interferon (IFN)-gamma. In this way, NK cells can shape adaptive immune responses through activation of dendritic cells (DC), thereby promoting the bidirectional cross-talk between NK cells and DC. Including this helper function of NK cells in cancer vaccination might be important for the induction of effective T cell responses. Here, we explored the capacity of purified human NK cells to produce IFN-gamma upon two-signal stimulation using different types of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells and type I IFN. Based on our previous findings that AML cells produce IFN-alpha upon electroporation with the synthetic double-stranded (ds)RNA polyriboinosinic polyribocytidylic acid (poly(I:C)), we hypothesized that dsRNA-loaded tumor cells provide both signals to elicit an NK cell-driven IFN-gamma production. Our results show that in vitro, NK cells become strong IFN-gamma-secreting cells upon stimulation with specific AML cells and IFN-alpha, with a variable responsiveness against different AML cell lines. Importantly, loading of AML cells with poly(I:C) is an elegant method to provide NK cells with both signals, a feature that could have important clinical implications because it obviates the side effects of systemic cytokine administration. Moreover, in addition to our previous findings that DC become activated upon phagocytosis of poly(I:C)-electroporated AML cells, these data strongly encourage future research on the potential of dsRNA-transfected AML cells and their effect to favor NK-DC cross-talk for the design of leukemia vaccines.
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35
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Malmberg KJ, Bryceson YT, Carlsten M, Andersson S, Björklund A, Björkström NK, Baumann BC, Fauriat C, Alici E, Dilber MS, Ljunggren HG. NK cell-mediated targeting of human cancer and possibilities for new means of immunotherapy. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2008; 57:1541-52. [PMID: 18317755 PMCID: PMC11030949 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-008-0492-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2008] [Accepted: 02/19/2008] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Insights into the molecular basis for natural killer (NK) cell recognition of human cancer have been obtained in recent years. Here, we review current knowledge on the molecular specificity and function of human NK cells. Evidence for NK cell targeting of human tumors is provided and new strategies for NK cell-based immunotherapy against human cancer are discussed. Based on current knowledge, we foresee a development where more cancers may be subject to treatment with drugs or other immunomodulatory agents affecting NK cells, either directly or indirectly. We also envisage a possibility that certain forms of cancers may be subject to treatment with adoptively transferred NK cells, either alone or in combination with other therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl-Johan Malmberg
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.
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36
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Shen H, Kanoh M, Maruyama S, Matsumoto A, Zhang W, Asano Y. Attenuated Listeria infection activates natural killer cell cytotoxicity to regress melanoma growth in vivo. Microbiol Immunol 2008; 52:107-17. [PMID: 18380808 DOI: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2008.00018.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes infection induces various types of immune responses. The Lm-induced immunity not only protects the hosts against Lm infection but also has a therapeutic effect on other diseases such as tumors and infectious diseases. In the present study, we sought to identify the cells and molecules that are primarily responsible for the Lm-induced antitumor immune response. We investigated the mechanism of the antitumor immune response induced by Lm infection using melanoma cells and various types of gene-manipulated mice and B16F10 melanoma cells. Melanoma cells were implanted into mice intrasplenically or intraperitoneally. Lm infection of mice remarkably suppressed the growth of transplanted melanoma. The suppression of melanoma growth was due to the augmented NK cytotoxicity. The Lm-induced NK activation against melanoma was type I interferon- and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)1-dependent but independent of IL-12 and IFN-gamma. In contrast to avirulent Listeria innocua and hly(-) Lm failed to induce NK activation, a mutant Lm strain with minimal hemolytic activity and with normal accessibility to cytoplasm-induced NK activation. We demonstrated that the attenuated Lm entrance into the cytoplasm induces the production of type I IFN followed by the activation of NK cells, which is essential for the Lm-induced antitumor response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Shen
- Department of Immunology and Host Defenses, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
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37
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Arnon TI, Markel G, Bar-Ilan A, Hanna J, Fima E, Benchetrit F, Galili R, Cerwenka A, Benharroch D, Sion-Vardy N, Porgador A, Mandelboim O. Harnessing soluble NK cell killer receptors for the generation of novel cancer immune therapy. PLoS One 2008; 3:e2150. [PMID: 18478075 PMCID: PMC2364651 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0002150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2008] [Accepted: 04/01/2008] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The natural cytotoxic receptors (NCRs) are a unique set of activating proteins expressed mainly on the surface of natural killer (NK) cells. The NCRs, which include three members; NKp46, NKp44 and NKp30, are critically involved in NK cytotoxicity against different targets, including a wide range of tumor cells derived from various origins. Even though the tumor ligands of the NCRs have not been identified yet, the selective manner by which these receptors target tumor cells may provide an excellent basis for the development of novel anti-tumor therapies. To test the potential use of the NCRs as anti-tumor agents, we generated soluble NCR-Ig fusion proteins in which the constant region of human IgG1 was fused to the extracellular portion of the receptor. We demonstrate, using two different human prostate cancer cell lines, that treatment with NKp30-Ig, dramatically inhibits tumor growth in vivo. Activated macrophages were shown to mediate an ADCC response against the NKp30-Ig coated prostate cell lines. Finally, the Ig fusion proteins were also demonstrated to discriminate between benign prostate hyperplasia and prostate cancer. This may provide a novel diagnostic modality in the difficult task of differentiating between these highly common pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal I. Arnon
- Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, United States of America
| | - Gal Markel
- Sheba Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Ahuva Bar-Ilan
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology and Immunology and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Jacob Hanna
- The Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Eyal Fima
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology and Immunology and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Fabrice Benchetrit
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology and Immunology and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Ruth Galili
- Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, The Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Adelheid Cerwenka
- Division of Innate Immunity, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Angel Porgador
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology and Immunology and the National Institute for Biotechnology in the Negev, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
- * E-mail: (AP); (OM)
| | - Ofer Mandelboim
- Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, The Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
- * E-mail: (AP); (OM)
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38
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Vitale C, Cottalasso F, Montaldo E, Moretta L, Mingari MC. Methylprednisolone induces preferential and rapid differentiation of CD34+ cord blood precursors toward NK cells. Int Immunol 2008; 20:565-75. [PMID: 18310065 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxn014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies showed that methylprednisolone (MePDN) down-regulates the surface expression of activating NK receptors and sharply inhibits the NK cytotoxicity both in vitro and in vivo. Since MePDN is administered to patients undergoing hemopoietic stem cell transplant to treat acute graft versus host disease (GvHD), we analyzed whether it could also inhibit the NK cell differentiation from CD34(+) hemopoietic cell precursors, thus interfering with the development of effector cells with anti-leukemic potential. We show that MePDN promotes the in vitro differentiation of CD161+CD56+/- immature NK cells by inducing a rapid expression of NKp46, NKG2D, DNAX-accessory molecule 1 (DNAM-1), leukocyte function-associated antigen-1 and NKG2A and an efficient cytolytic activity. This phenotypic and functional NK cell maturation occurred more rapidly than in parallel control cultures performed in the absence of MePDN. In addition, MePDN induced CD33+CD161-CD56- myeloid precursors to switch toward NK cells. It is also of note that immature NK cells when cultured in the absence (but not in the presence) of MePDN produced high amounts of IL-8. These data indicate that MePDN can accelerate the in vitro NK cell differentiation, thus revealing a dichotomous effect on immature versus mature NK cells; in addition, interference with the in vitro development of myeloid cells occurred. These effects should be further investigated in hemopoietic stem cell transplanted patients receiving steroids to treat GvHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Vitale
- Dipartimento Medicina Sperimentale, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy.
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39
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Baba T, Iwasaki S, Maruoka T, Suzuki A, Tomaru U, Ikeda H, Yoshiki T, Kasahara M, Ishizu A. Rat CD4+CD8+Macrophages Kill Tumor Cells through an NKG2D- and Granzyme/Perforin-Dependent Mechanism. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2008; 180:2999-3006. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.180.5.2999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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40
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Miyazawa M, Tsuji-Kawahara S, Kanari Y. Host genetic factors that control immune responses to retrovirus infections. Vaccine 2008; 26:2981-96. [PMID: 18255203 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2007] [Revised: 01/01/2008] [Accepted: 01/04/2008] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Several host genes control retroviral replication and pathogenesis. These include genes that directly affect the replication of retroviruses in target cells and those that control the host immune responses to the viral antigens. Host genetic factors that affect retroviral replication and immune responses to the viral antigens have been best studied in mouse models of Friend leukemia virus (FV) infection. Several genes located within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), along with a separate gene not linked to the MHC, influence the host immune responses to FV antigens. The latter, the Rfv3, regulates the production of virus-neutralizing antibodies, and thus affects the duration of viremia. T-cell responses to the viral epitopes are controlled by MHC class I and class II genotypes, and both CD8(+) and CD4(+) T-cells are required for spontaneous immune resistance to FV infection. When CD4(+) T-helper cells are efficiently primed with a viral epitope, however, CD8(+) T-cells are not required for immune protection against FV infection, while B cells are absolutely required. There are individuals who possess human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-reactive IgA antibodies in their mucosal secretions and show strong T-cell responses to HIV-1 antigens, even though they are negative for HIV-1 genome and HIV-1-reactive serum IgG. These HIV-1-exposed but uninfected individuals rarely possess resistance-associated alleles at known AIDS-restricting loci such as CCR5Delta32. Recent genetic analyses have indicated that a large proportion of such exposed but uninfected individuals may share a common genetic background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Miyazawa
- Department of Immunology, Kinki University School of Medicine, Osaka 589-0023, Japan.
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41
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Jurisic V, Srdic T, Konjevic G, Markovic O, Colovic M. Clinical stage-depending decrease of NK cell activity in multiple myeloma patients. Med Oncol 2008; 24:312-7. [PMID: 17873307 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-007-0007-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2006] [Revised: 11/30/1999] [Accepted: 03/09/2007] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Natural killer cells, as an important subpopulation of cells of the innate immune system have an essential role in defense of the rise and spread of malignancy. These cells have a CD3-CD16 + CD56+ phenotype and they are functionally defined by their ability to lyses tumor cells. We here show that decrease of NK cell activity was significantly associated with advanced clinical stage, increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), percentage infiltration of bone marrow with plasma cells, and beta-2 microglobulin. The patients with higher NK cell activity at presentation after receiving VAD protocol have better cumulative survival in comparison with those with low NK cell activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Jurisic
- Pathophysiology Department, School of Medicine, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac 34 000, Serbia.
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42
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Defects of immune surveillance offer new insights into the pathophysiology and therapy of myelodysplastic syndromes. Leukemia 2007; 21:2237-9. [DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2404868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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43
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French AR, Kim S, Fehniger TA, Pratt JR, Yang L, Song YJ, Caligiuri MA, Yokoyama WM. Chronic lymphocytosis of functionally immature natural killer cells. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007; 120:924-31. [PMID: 17604094 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2007.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2006] [Revised: 05/11/2007] [Accepted: 05/18/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of natural killer (NK) cells in the bone marrow is not well characterized. We recently described a mouse (referred to as an NK cell-deficient [NKD] mouse) with a selective deficiency in NK cells caused by the insertion of a transgene construct into the genetic locus for the basic leucine zipper transcription factor ATF-2. NK cells in this mouse were both phenotypically and functionally immature and accumulated in the bone marrow at a stage at which constitutive NK cell proliferation occurs in wild-type mice. OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that excess IL-15 could potentially overcome this developmental block, allowing normal emigration of mature NK cells from the bone marrow to the periphery. METHODS Double-transgenic mice were generated by crossing the NKD mice with transgenic mice overexpressing IL-15. RESULTS The double-transgenic mice had a dramatic accumulation of phenotypically immature NK cells in the bone marrow and subsequently in the blood, liver, and spleen. NK cells from these double-transgenic mice manifested functional deficits similar to those observed in NK cells from NKD mice, as assessed by decreased cytokine production and cytotoxicity. CONCLUSION Rather than bypass the observed developmental defect in NKD mice, excess IL-15 drove a massive accumulation of phenotypically and functionally immature NK cells in the bone marrow and periphery. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS We propose that these double-transgenic mice will serve as a murine model of chronic NK cell lymphocytosis in human patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony R French
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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Epling-Burnette PK, Bai F, Painter JS, Rollison DE, Salih HR, Krusch M, Zou J, Ku E, Zhong B, Boulware D, Moscinski L, Wei S, Djeu JY, List AF. Reduced natural killer (NK) function associated with high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and reduced expression of activating NK receptors. Blood 2007; 109:4816-24. [PMID: 17341666 PMCID: PMC1885518 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2006-07-035519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2006] [Accepted: 02/12/2007] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis with potential for progression to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We compared natural killer (NK) cytolytic function in 48 MDS patients with 37 healthy donors and found reduced activity in the patient population (K562 cytolysis, 19% +/- 21% SD versus 40% +/- 17%) (P < .001). NK cytotoxicity in MDS patients was reduced against 3 disparate tumor targets with differential activating receptor requirement, suggesting global defects in NK function. Reduced NK function in MDS was significantly associated with higher International Prognostic Score (P = .01), abnormal karyotype (P = .05), the presence of excess blasts (P = .01), and age-adjusted bone marrow hypercellularity (P = .04). MDS patients had a display of the activating receptor NKp30, and NKG2D down-regulation closely correlated with impaired NK function (P = .001). NKG2D ligands (MICA and MICB) were expressed on CD34(+) cells from bone marrow of 30% of MDS patients and a leukemic cell line derived from an MDS patient (MDS1). Collectively, these findings suggest that impairment of NK cytolytic function derives in part from reduced activating NK receptors such as NKG2D in association with disease progression. Evasion of NK immunosurveillance may have importance for MDS disease progression.
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45
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Plonquet A, Haioun C, Jais JP, Debard AL, Salles G, Bene MC, Feugier P, Rabian C, Casasnovas O, Labalette M, Kuhlein E, Farcet JP, Emile JF, Gisselbrecht C, Delfau-Larue MH. Peripheral blood natural killer cell count is associated with clinical outcome in patients with aaIPI 2-3 diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Ann Oncol 2007; 18:1209-15. [PMID: 17496307 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdm110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lymphocytopenia is a prognostic factor in Hodgkin's disease. In diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), data are much less established, in spite of numerous reports on immune system-lymphoma interactions. This study addresses the prognostic value of blood lymphocyte subsets at diagnosis in DLBCL. PATIENTS AND METHODS Absolute values of blood lymphocyte subsets and monocytes were prospectively determined by flow cytometry in 140 patients with 2 or 3 adverse age-adjusted International Prognostic Index (aaIPI) factors included in a Groupe d'Etude des Lymphomes de l'Adulte protocol (LNH98B3). Absolute cell counts at diagnosis and aaIPI were evaluated with regard to clinical outcome. RESULTS Low median cell counts of 337, 211, and 104/mul were evidenced for the CD4+, CD8+ T, and natural killer (NK) cells, respectively. In univariate analysis, only NK cell count [odds ratio (OR) = 1.81 (1.27, 2.57), P = 0.001] and aaIPI [OR = 2.29 (0.95, 5.45), P = 0.06] were associated with induction treatment response. Low NK cell count [Hazard ratio (HR) = 1.27 (1.06, 1.52), P = 0.01] and aaIPI 3 [HR = 1.95 (1.20, 3.16), P = 0.01] were also associated with a shorter event free survival (EFS). In multivariate analysis, NK cell count was associated with response [OR = 1.77 (1.24, 2.54), P = 0.002] and EFS [HR = 1.25 (1.04, 1.50) P = 0.02] independently of aaIPI. CONCLUSIONS This study shows an association between circulating NK cell number and clinical outcome in DLBCL, possibly important in the context of the broadening use of rituximab, a likely NK-dependent therapy.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- B-Lymphocytes/cytology
- Bleomycin/administration & dosage
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/cytology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/cytology
- Cell Count
- Cyclophosphamide/administration & dosage
- Doxorubicin/administration & dosage
- Etoposide/administration & dosage
- Female
- Flow Cytometry
- Humans
- Immunophenotyping
- Kaplan-Meier Estimate
- Killer Cells, Natural/cytology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/drug therapy
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/immunology
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/mortality
- Lymphopenia
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Monocytes/cytology
- Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation
- Rituximab
- Treatment Outcome
- Vincristine/administration & dosage
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Affiliation(s)
- A Plonquet
- Service d'Immunologie Biologique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U617, Créteil, France
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46
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Becker N, de Sanjose S, Nieters A, Maynadié M, Foretova L, Cocco PL, Staines A, Alvaro T, Vornanen M, Brennan P, Boffetta P. Birth order, allergies and lymphoma risk: results of the European collaborative research project Epilymph. Leuk Res 2007; 31:1365-72. [PMID: 17481729 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2007.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2006] [Revised: 02/22/2007] [Accepted: 02/22/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of malignancies of the immune system. Recent studies suggest that immunological conditions which are modulated by lifestyle-dependent environmental determinants might affect lymphoma risk. We used data from Epilymph, a European multi-centric case-control study with 2,480 cases and 2,540 controls, to analyse the relationship between lifestyle-dependent immunological determinants and risk of lymphomas. We found an inverse relationship between risk of lymphoma and allergies, mainly respiratory (OR=0.86, CI=0.89-1.01) and food allergies (OR=0.67, CI=0.52-0.85), a slightly elevated lymphoma risk for first-born children (OR=1.17, CI=0.99-1.39) and only children (OR=1.10, CI=0.86-1.39). The inverse relationship between atopic disorders and risk of lymphomas is consistent with earlier observations. Our findings on birth order and lymphoma increase the inconsistency of findings across studies and suggest a critical reappraisal of potential underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaus Becker
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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47
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Lotfi R, Lee JJ, Lotze MT. Eosinophilic granulocytes and damage-associated molecular pattern molecules (DAMPs): role in the inflammatory response within tumors. J Immunother 2007; 30:16-28. [PMID: 17198080 DOI: 10.1097/01.cji.0000211324.53396.f6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The development of a tumor over many years typically leads to reciprocal alternations in the host and the tumor, enabling tumor growth paradoxically in the setting of substantial necrosis and inflammation. When evaluating a tumor, it is important to assess 3 elements: (1) the quantity and quality of tumor-associated leukocytes, (2) their state of activation, and (3) tumor microenvironment. Peripheral blood eosinophilia and tumor-associated tissue eosinophilia are frequently associated with some tumor types and also found after immunotherapy with IL-2, IL-4, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and antibody to CTLA-4. Within several tumor types including gastrointestinal tumors, tumor-associated tissue eosinophilia is associated with a significantly better prognosis. The converse is true in other tumor types such as differentiated oral squamous cell carcinoma. On the basis of the emergent data, tumor-associated eosinophils have at least 2 dominant nonoverlapping activities: (1) destructive effector functions potentially limiting tumor growth as well as causing recruitment and activation of other leukocytes, (2) immunoregulative and remodeling activities which suppress immune response and promote tumor proliferation. The mechanism by which eosinophils in particular are recruited into tumor tissue is largely unknown. Candidates for causing eosinophil chemotaxis into tumor tissue are the released damage-associated molecular pattern molecules (DAMPs) including the nuclear protein high mobility group box 1. High mobility group box 1 is released upon necrotic cell death and secreted by many cells, particularly during periods of nutrient, hypoxic, or oxidant stress. This overview on eosinophil biology in the context of cancer and necrosis, introduces intriguing and novel strategies targeting eosinophils to enable more effective biologic therapy for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Lotfi
- University of Pittsburgh, Hillmann Cancer Center, 5117 Centre Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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48
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Quesnel B. Cancer vaccines and tumor dormancy: a long-term struggle between host antitumor immunity and persistent cancer cells? Expert Rev Vaccines 2007; 5:773-81. [PMID: 17184216 DOI: 10.1586/14760584.5.6.773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Tumor dormancy is a phenomenon characterized by the persistence of residual cancer cells for long periods in the host. Evidence has emerged that a balance exists between the immune response and dormant tumor cells. This review presents our current understanding of the immune relationship between host and dormant tumor cells and the mechanism developed by these cells to escape host antitumor immunity. Implications of this immune escape for cancer vaccine strategy are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Quesnel
- Service des Maladies du Sang, Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Lille, Rue Polonovski, 59037, Lille, France.
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49
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Chiossone L, Vitale C, Cottalasso F, Moretti S, Azzarone B, Moretta L, Mingari MC. Molecular analysis of the methylprednisolone-mediated inhibition of NK-cell function: evidence for different susceptibility of IL-2– versus IL-15–activated NK cells. Blood 2007; 109:3767-75. [PMID: 17234744 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2006-07-037846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Steroids have been shown to inhibit the function of fresh or IL-2–activated natural killer (NK) cells. Since IL-15 plays a key role in NK-cell development and function, we comparatively analyzed the effects of methylprednisolone on IL-2– or IL-15–cultured NK cells. Methylprednisolone inhibited the surface expression of the major activating receptors NKp30 and NKp44 in both conditions, whereas NK-cell proliferation and survival were sharply impaired only in IL-2–cultured NK cells. Accordingly, methylprednisolone inhibited Tyr phosphorylation of STAT1, STAT3, and STAT5 in IL-2–cultured NK cells but only marginally in IL-15–cultured NK cells, whereas JAK3 was inhibited under both conditions. Also, the NK cytotoxicity was similarly impaired in IL-2– or IL-15–cultured NK cells. This effect strictly correlated with the inhibition of ERK1/2 Tyr phosphorylation, perforin release, and cytotoxicity in a redirected killing assay against the FcRγ+ P815 target cells upon cross-linking of NKp46, NKG2D, or 2B4 receptors. In contrast, in the case of CD16, inhibition of ERK1/2 Tyr phosphorylation, perforin release, and cytotoxicity were not impaired. Our study suggests a different ability of IL-15–cultured NK cells to survive to steroid treatment, thus offering interesting clues for a correct NK-cell cytokine conditioning in adoptive immunotherapy.
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50
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Fauriat C, Just-Landi S, Mallet F, Arnoulet C, Sainty D, Olive D, Costello RT. Deficient expression of NCR in NK cells from acute myeloid leukemia: evolution during leukemia treatment and impact of leukemia cells in NCRdull phenotype induction. Blood 2006; 109:323-30. [PMID: 16940427 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2005-08-027979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells play an important role in tumor-cell clearance, particularly against leukemia, as shown by killer cell inhibitory receptor (KIR)–mismatched allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Analysis of in vitro IL-2–expanded NK cells from patients with myelocytic/monocytic acute myeloid leukemia (AML-NK cells) has revealed poor cytolytic functions because of deficient expression of pivotal activation molecules—the natural cytotoxicity receptors (NCRs) NKp30, NKp44, and NKp46. To exclude the possibility that this observation was caused by the in vitro amplification of a small NCRdull population, we analyzed the AML-NK phenotype directly, without any in vitro expansion. We first confirmed that the NCRdull phenotype was not an in vitro artifact. Moreover, analysis of a large population of AML patients allowed us to demonstrate that phenotype was not restricted to a French-American-British (FAB) subtype and was not associated with a particular cytogenetic abnormality. Our longitudinal study of AML patients showed that the NCRdull phenotype was acquired during leukemia development because we observed its complete (for NKp46) or partial (for NKp30) reversibility in patients achieving complete remission (CR). Reversibility of the NCRdull phenotype after CR suggested that leukemia cells might be involved in NCR down-regulation. In agreement with this hypothesis, direct contact between leukemic blasts and NK cells (but not leukemia-cell supernatants) induced loss or decrease in NKp30 and NKp46 expression while impeding NKp44 induction by IL-2. We excluded the major implication of TGF-β in NCR down-regulation. Although the clinical antitumor value of NK cells is clearly demonstrated in allogeneic stem cell transplantation, the role of NK cells in autologous transplantation is not proved. Interestingly, we observed a correlation between the NCRdull phenotype and poor survival in AML patients, suggesting that NK-deficient activation caused by NCR down-regulation could play a role in patient outcome. The prognostic value of NCR expression is discussed, and pathophysiologic implication of the NCR phenotype will be further investigated in a larger study.
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MESH Headings
- Acute Disease
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic
- Coculture Techniques
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells/drug effects
- Hematopoietic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Humans
- Interleukin-2/pharmacology
- Kaplan-Meier Estimate
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid/immunology
- Leukemia, Myeloid/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid/pathology
- Male
- Membrane Glycoproteins/biosynthesis
- Membrane Glycoproteins/deficiency
- Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics
- Middle Aged
- Natural Cytotoxicity Triggering Receptor 1
- Natural Cytotoxicity Triggering Receptor 2
- Natural Cytotoxicity Triggering Receptor 3
- Neoplasm Proteins/biosynthesis
- Neoplasm Proteins/deficiency
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/physiology
- Receptors, Immunologic/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Immunologic/deficiency
- Receptors, Immunologic/genetics
- Remission Induction
- Survival Analysis
- Tumor Cells, Cultured/chemistry
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Fauriat
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie des Tumeurs, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unite Mixté de Recherche (UMR) 599, Marseille, France
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