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Rizzi SA, Torre M, Bunch TJ, Fang J, Hess R, Rodriguez-Correa C, Spertus JA, Stehlik J, Zhang M, Zhang Y, Steinberg BA. Ejection Fraction Improvement Does Not Reflect Changes in Quality of Life Following Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy. Crit Pathw Cardiol 2022; 21:201-205. [PMID: 36413400 PMCID: PMC9720911 DOI: 10.1097/hpc.0000000000000299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine if health-related quality of life (HRQoL) improvement after cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) correlates with improved left-ventricular ejection fraction (EF). BACKGROUND CRT was reported to improve EF and HRQoL in clinical trials of heart failure with reduced EF (HFrEF). It is unknown if improvements in HRQoL reflect EF response to CRT. METHODS We included HFrEF patients who underwent CRT and had both pre- and post-CRT HRQoL assessment. EF response was categorized as absent (0% change or decrease), modest (0%-19% increase), or significant ( > 20% increase). We examined the associations between EF response and generic (PROMIS) and HF-specific (KCCQ-12) HRQoL. RESULTS The group included 115 patients with mean age of 65 years and baseline EF of 31%; 39% were female (n = 45). Nineteen percent (n = 22) had significant, 57% (n = 66) modest, and 23% (n = 27) absent EF responses. AF burden across significant (8.9%), modest (4.8%), and absent EF responders (1.4%) was similar ( P = 0.20). Significant improvements in KCCQ-12 (43.4-57.5, P = 0.003), current health visual analog scale (49.1-55.9, P = 0.042), PROMIS fatigue (58.9-55.1, P = 0.026), and PROMIS satisfaction (42.7-46.4, P = 0.020) resulted following CRT across all groups. There was no association between significant EF improvement and HRQoL by KCCQ-12 (nonresponse, 44.4%; modest response, 33.3%; and significant response, 22.2%) at 1 year ( P = 0.52 across all groups). CONCLUSION CRT was associated with a modest to significant EF response in a majority of patients. However, EF response did not significantly correlate with generic or HF-specific HRQoL measures. Further investigations are warranted into determinants of improved HRQoL following CRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A. Rizzi
- Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Michael Torre
- Department of Population Health, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - T. Jared Bunch
- Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - James Fang
- Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Rachel Hess
- Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO
| | | | - John A. Spertus
- University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO
| | - Josef Stehlik
- Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Mingyuan Zhang
- Department of Population Health, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Population Health, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
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Herrmann JJ, Beckers-Wesche F, Baltussen LEHJM, Verdijk MHI, Bellersen L, Brunner-la Rocca HP, Jaarsma T, Pisters R, Sanders-van Wijk S, Rodwell L, Van Royen N, Gommans DHF, Van Kimmenade RRJ. Fluid REStriction in Heart failure versus liberal fluid UPtake: Rationale and design of the randomised FRESH-UP study. J Card Fail 2022; 28:1522-1530. [PMID: 35705150 DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2022.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS It is common practice for clinicians to advise fluid restriction to heart failure (HF) patients, but data from clinical trials are lacking. Moreover, fluid restriction is associated with thirst distress and may adversely impact quality of life (QoL). To address this gap in evidence, the Fluid REStriction in Heart failure versus liberal fluid UPtake (FRESH-UP) study was initiated. METHODS The FRESH-UP study is a randomised, controlled, open-label, multicentre trial to investigate the effect of a 3-month period of liberal fluid intake versus fluid restriction (1500ml/day) on QoL in outpatient chronic HF patients (NYHA II-III). The primary aim is to assess the effect on QoL after 3 months using the Overall Summary Score of the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ). Thirst distress as assessed by the Thirst Distress Scale for patients with HF, KCCQ Clinical Summary Score, each of the KCCQ domains and clinically meaningful changes in these scores, the EQ-5D-5L, patient reported fluid intake and safety (i.e. death, HF hospitalisations) are secondary outcomes. The FRESH-UP study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04551729). CONCLUSION The results of the FRESH-UP study will substantially add to the level of evidence concerning fluid management in chronic HF and may impact QoL of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Job J Herrmann
- Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | - Marjolein H I Verdijk
- Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Louise Bellersen
- Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Tiny Jaarsma
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Department of Social and Welfare Studies, Linköping University, Sweden
| | - Ron Pisters
- Department of Cardiology, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra Sanders-van Wijk
- Department of Cardiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen/Sittard-Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Rodwell
- Section Biostatistics, Department for Health Evidence, Radboud Institute of Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Niels Van Royen
- Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - D H Frank Gommans
- Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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3
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Increased Quality of Life Among Newly Diagnosed Patients With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction in the Months After Initiation of Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy and Wearable Cardioverter Defibrillator Prescription. J Cardiovasc Nurs 2021; 36:589-594. [PMID: 34608886 DOI: 10.1097/jcn.0000000000000864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The patient experience of heart failure involves a multi-impact symptom response with functional limitations, psychological changes, and significant treatment burden. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the change in patient-reported outcomes in newly diagnosed patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) prescribed a wearable cardioverter defibrillator. METHODS Adults hospitalized for new-onset heart failure, due to ischemic or nonischemic cardiomyopathy, and prescribed a wearable cardioverter defibrillator within 10 days post discharge were approached for inclusion. Participants completed the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire at 3 time points: baseline, day 90, and day 180. RESULTS A total of 210 patients (26% female) were included. All Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire subscales (physical limitation, symptom frequency, quality of life, and social limitation) showed improvement from baseline to day 90 (all Ps < .001). Only quality of life continued to improve from day 90 to day 180 (P < .001). By day 90, nearly 70% of patients showed an improvement in quality of life (67.9%, n = 91), and by day 180, more than 80% (82.8%, n = 111) reported a net improvement. Five patients (3.7%) reported a net decrease, and 18 patients (13.4%) had no net change in quality of life during the 180-day period. CONCLUSION Patient-reported quality of life improved significantly among patients newly diagnosed with HFrEF and prescribed a wearable cardioverter defibrillator. These results suggest that pursuing guideline-directed medical therapy for HFrEF, while being protected by the wearable cardioverter defibrillator, is likely to provide symptom relief and improve quality of life.
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4
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Mattsson G, Wallhagen M, Magnusson P. Health status measured by Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire-12 in primary prevention implantable cardioverter defibrillator patients with heart failure. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2021; 21:411. [PMID: 34454427 PMCID: PMC8403422 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-021-02218-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Self-reported health status as measured by the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) in patients with primary prevention implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) has mainly been reported from randomized trials. However, these studies are often limited to short follow-up and are subject to selection bias. The aim of this study was to assess KCCQ-12 in patients with primary prevention ICD due to either ischemic or nonischemic heart failure. Methods This cross-sectional observational study included all patients in Region Gävleborg, Sweden, who because of primary prevention due to heart failure, had an ICD or underwent device replacement between 2007 and 2017. After validation using medical records patients were sent and returned the KCCQ-12 by regular mail. Results A total of 118 questionnaires were analyzed (response rate 71.1%). The mean age was 70.9 ± 9.8 years, and a minority was female (n = 20, 16.9%). The mean overall summary score was 71.5 ± 22.4, there was no significant difference between ischemic and nonischemic heart failure (69.5 ± 23.1 vs. 74.4 ± 21.3; p = 0.195). Atrial fibrillation at baseline was associated with lower score for the domains Symptom frequency (70.2 ± 23.2 vs. 82.2 ± 19.2; p = 0.006) and Social limitation (62.1 ± 26.0 vs. 75.6 ± 26.6; p = 0.006) as well as the overall summary score (63.9 ± 21.3 vs. 74.8 ± 22.2; p = 0.004). Conclusion In a real-world setting, primary prevention ICD patients with heart failure report an acceptable disease-specific health status at long-term follow-up. Ischemic and nonischemic etiology showed similar health status whereas atrial fibrillation was associated with worse outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustav Mattsson
- Centre for Research and Development, Uppsala University/Region Gävleborg, 801 87, Gävle, Sweden.
| | - Marita Wallhagen
- Department of Building Engineering, Energy Systems and Sustainability Science, University of Gävle, 80176, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Peter Magnusson
- Centre for Research and Development, Uppsala University/Region Gävleborg, 801 87, Gävle, Sweden.,Cardiology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
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5
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Garcia RA, Benton MC, Spertus JA. Patient-Reported Outcomes in Patients with Cardiomyopathy. Curr Cardiol Rep 2021; 23:91. [PMID: 34121150 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-021-01511-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW As medicine strives to become more patient-centered, patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are often used to describe patients' symptoms, function, and quality of life. This review describes the key concepts of PROs specific to heart failure in clinical trials and their potential role in clinical practice. RECENT FINDINGS As the Food and Drug Administration has increasingly emphasized how it values PROs as clinical outcome assessments, including its recent qualification of the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ), clinical trials have increasingly used them to evaluate novel therapies. This has been enhanced by an increasing understanding of how to interpret KCCQ scores. Its use in clinical practice, including the importance of providers sharing results with their patients, is just emerging. PROs provide unique insights into the benefits of treatment from patients' perspectives and while their role in clinical care is just beginning, they offer an important opportunity to improve the patient-centeredness of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Angel Garcia
- Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, 4401 Wornall Road, Kansas City, MO, 64111, USA.,University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Mary C Benton
- Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, 4401 Wornall Road, Kansas City, MO, 64111, USA.,University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - John A Spertus
- Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, 4401 Wornall Road, Kansas City, MO, 64111, USA. .,University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA.
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6
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Khan MS, Friede T, Anker SD, Butler J. Effect of Carillon Mitral Contour System on patient-reported outcomes in functional mitral regurgitation: an individual participant data meta-analysis. ESC Heart Fail 2021; 8:1885-1891. [PMID: 33784028 PMCID: PMC8120406 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.13301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims The Carillon Mitral Contour System has been shown to reduce mitral regurgitation and left ventricular volumes in symptomatic heart failure patients with functional mitral regurgitation. We sought to evaluate the effects of the Carillon device on quality of life and functional capacity in these patients. Methods and results An individual participant data meta‐analysis was conducted utilizing data from REDUCE‐FMR, TITAN, and TITAN II studies. The main outcomes assessed were changes from baseline in Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire overall summary scores (KCCQ‐OSS), 6 min walk test (6MWT) distance, and New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification at Months 1 and 12 after device implantation. Subgroup analyses were conducted for patients with severe functional mitral regurgitation (Grade 3 or 4). Pooled estimates were calculated using a random‐effects model and are presented as weighted proportions or weighted mean differences along with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Among 139 patients included in the analysis, Carillon device significantly improved the 6MWT distance (63.0 m; 95% CI 18.8–107.2, P = 0.0056) and KCCQ‐OSS score (15.1; 95% CI 5.6–24.7, P = 0.0022) at 1 month from baseline. These benefits were sustained at 12 months (64.1 m; 95% CI 13.2–115.0, P = 0.0141, for 6MWT distance, and 12.3; 95% CI 4.7–19.8, P = 0.0019, for KCCQ‐OSS score). More than 50% of the patients had improvements in KCCQ‐OSS by ≥5 (60.4%; 95% CI 47.4–72.1) and 10 points (50.5%; 95% CI 34.9–66.0) at 12 months. Almost half of the patients experienced a ≥1 class improvement in NYHA class after implantation of the device at 1 month (67.9%; 95% CI 37.3–88.3) and at 12 months (48.8%; 95% CI 31.8–66.2). Results remained similar for KCCQ‐OSS, 6MWT distance, and NYHA classification when only patients with Grade 3 or 4 mitral regurgitation were analysed. The pooled estimates of 30 day and 1 year all‐cause mortality were 2.2% (95% CI 0.7–6.5) and 17.3% (95% CI 11.8–24.5), respectively. Conclusions The Carillon Mitral Contour System significantly improved patient‐reported quality‐of‐life outcomes in heart failure patients with functional mitral regurgitation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tim Friede
- Department of Medical Statistics, University Medical Center Göttingen, and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefan D Anker
- Department of Cardiology (CVK), Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) partner site Berlin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Javed Butler
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi, Jackson, MS, USA
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7
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Haddad H, Bergeron S, Ignaszewski A, Searles G, Rochdi D, Dhage P, Bastien N. Canadian Real-World Experience of Using Sacubitril/Valsartan in Patients With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction: Insight From the PARASAIL Study. CJC Open 2020; 2:344-353. [PMID: 32995719 PMCID: PMC7499388 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjco.2020.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To determine the effectiveness of sacubitril/valsartan 97/103 mg twice daily (b.i.d.) on tolerability, safety, and quality of life (QoL) in Canadian patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction in a real-life setting. METHODS In Prospective, Multicenter, Open Label, Post-Approval Study Aimed at Characterizing the Use of LCZ696 at 97 mg Sacubitril/103 mg Valsartan bid in Patients With HFrEF (PARASAIL), an open-label, prospective, phase IV, multicentre study, outpatients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and New York Heart Association functional class II-III were followed up for 12 months. The suggested starting dose of sacubitril/valsartan was 24/26 mg b.i.d. replacing angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker, with an uptitration to 97/103 mg b.i.d. or as per clinical judgement. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients achieving the target dose of sacubitril/valsartan 97/103 mg b.i.d. after 6 months of treatment. RESULTS For the 302 patients included, the mean age was 64.47 years, and a majority of patients (82.8%) belonged to New York Heart Association class II. Overall, 195 (64.6%) patients were on maximum dose of sacubitril/valsartan 97/103 mg b.i.d. after 6 months and 62.3% remained on this dose at month 12. Using patient global assessment, patients experienced an improvement in QoL. For Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire scores, a significant decrease from the baseline was observed at weeks 4, 12, and 24 (P < 0.0001 for all), which indicated an improvement in QoL. The patient global assessment and Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire results correlate with moderate but significant changes in Euro quality of life-5D visual analogue scale scores. CONCLUSIONS Results of the PARASAIL study in a real-life setting have shown that most patients were on sacubitril/valsartan 97/103 mg b.i.d. and the treatment was well tolerated. The patient-reported outcomes showed an overall improvement in patients' QoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haissam Haddad
- Department of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Sebastien Bergeron
- Department of Medicine, Centre de Recherche de l’Institut, Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Quebec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Andrew Ignaszewski
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Gregory Searles
- Department of Medicine, Saint John Regional Hospital, Saint John, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Driss Rochdi
- Medical Affairs, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Canada Inc., Dorval, Québec, Canada
| | - Priyanka Dhage
- Biostatistics and Statistical Programming, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad, India
| | - Natacha Bastien
- Medical Affairs, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Canada Inc., Dorval, Québec, Canada
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8
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Meinertz T, Münzel T. Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Quality Score Indicates Sustained Health Status Improvement in Patients After TMVr. J Am Coll Cardiol 2020; 75:2107-2109. [PMID: 32354379 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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9
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Kosiborod MN, Jhund PS, Docherty KF, Diez M, Petrie MC, Verma S, Nicolau JC, Merkely B, Kitakaze M, DeMets DL, Inzucchi SE, Køber L, Martinez FA, Ponikowski P, Sabatine MS, Solomon SD, Bengtsson O, Lindholm D, Niklasson A, Sjöstrand M, Langkilde AM, McMurray JJV. Effects of Dapagliflozin on Symptoms, Function, and Quality of Life in Patients With Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction: Results From the DAPA-HF Trial. Circulation 2019; 141:90-99. [PMID: 31736335 PMCID: PMC6964869 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.119.044138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Background: Goals of management in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction include reducing death and hospitalizations, and improving health status (symptoms, physical function, and quality of life). In the DAPA-HF trial (Dapagliflozin and Prevention of Adverse-Outcomes in Heart Failure), sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor, dapagliflozin, reduced death and hospitalizations, and improved symptoms in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction. In this analysis, we examine the effects of dapagliflozin on a broad range of health status outcomes, using the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ). Methods: KCCQ was evaluated at randomization, 4 and 8 months. Patients were divided by baseline KCCQ total symptom score (TSS); Cox proportional hazards models examined the effects of dapagliflozin on clinical events across these subgroups. We also evaluated the effects of dapagliflozin on KCCQ-TSS, clinical summary score, and overall summary score. Responder analyses were performed to compare proportions of dapagliflozin versus placebo-treated patients with clinically meaningful changes in KCCQ at 8 months. Results: A total of 4443 patients had available KCCQ at baseline (median KCCQ-TSS, 77.1 [interquartile range, 58.3–91.7]). The effects of dapagliflozin vs placebo on reducing cardiovascular death or worsening heart failure were consistent across the range of KCCQ-TSS (lowest to highest tertile: hazard ratio, 0.70 [95% CI, 0.57–0.86]; hazard ratio, 0.77 [95% CI, 0.61–0.98]; hazard ratio, 0.62 [95% CI, 0.46–0.83]; P for heterogeneity=0.52). Patients treated with dapagliflozin had greater improvement in mean KCCQ-TSS, clinical summary score, and overall summary score at 8 months (2.8, 2.5 and 2.3 points higher versus placebo; P<0.0001 for all). Fewer patients treated with dapagliflozin had a deterioration in KCCQ-TSS (odds ratio, 0.84 [95% CI, 0.78–0.90]; P<0.0001); and more patients had at least small, moderate, and large improvements (odds ratio, 1.15 [95% CI, 1.08–1.23]; odds ratio, 1.15 [95% CI, 1.08–1.22]; odds ratio, 1.14 [95% CI, 1.07–1.22]; number needed to treat=14, 15, and 18, respectively; P<0.0001 for all; results consistent for KCCQ clinical summary score and overall summary score). Conclusions: Dapagliflozin reduced cardiovascular death and worsening heart failure across the range of baseline KCCQ, and improved symptoms, physical function, and quality of life in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction. Furthermore, dapagliflozin increased the proportion of patients experiencing at least small, moderate, and large improvements in health status; these effects were clinically important. Clinical Trial Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT03036124.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail N Kosiborod
- Saint Luke's Mid America Heart Institute, University of Missouri-Kansas City (M.N.K.).,The George Institute for Global Health and University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia (M.N.K)
| | - Pardeep S Jhund
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, UK (P.S.J., K.F.D., M.C.P., J.J.V.M.)
| | - Kieran F Docherty
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, UK (P.S.J., K.F.D., M.C.P., J.J.V.M.)
| | - Mirta Diez
- Division of Cardiology, Instituto Cardiovascular de Buenos Aires, Argentina (M.D.)
| | - Mark C Petrie
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, UK (P.S.J., K.F.D., M.C.P., J.J.V.M.)
| | - Subodh Verma
- St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Canada (S.V.)
| | - Jose C Nicolau
- Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil (J.C.N.)
| | - Béla Merkely
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary (B.M.)
| | - Masafumi Kitakaze
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Development, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita Osaka, Japan (M.K.)
| | - David L DeMets
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin, Madison (D.L.D.)
| | - Silvio E Inzucchi
- Section of Endocrinology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (S.E.I.)
| | - Lars Køber
- Rigshospitalet, Department of Cardiology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark (L.K.)
| | | | - Piotr Ponikowski
- Center for Heart Diseases, University Hospital, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (P.P.)
| | - Marc S Sabatine
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (M.S.S., S.D.S.)
| | - Scott D Solomon
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (M.S.S., S.D.S.)
| | - Olof Bengtsson
- Late Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal, and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (O.B., D.L., A.N., M.S., A.M.L.)
| | - Daniel Lindholm
- Late Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal, and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (O.B., D.L., A.N., M.S., A.M.L.)
| | - Anna Niklasson
- Late Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal, and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (O.B., D.L., A.N., M.S., A.M.L.)
| | - Mikaela Sjöstrand
- Late Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal, and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (O.B., D.L., A.N., M.S., A.M.L.)
| | - Anna Maria Langkilde
- Late Stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal, and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden (O.B., D.L., A.N., M.S., A.M.L.)
| | - John J V McMurray
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, UK (P.S.J., K.F.D., M.C.P., J.J.V.M.)
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10
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Chandra A, Lewis EF, Claggett BL, Desai AS, Packer M, Zile MR, Swedberg K, Rouleau JL, Shi VC, Lefkowitz MP, Katova T, McMurray JJV, Solomon SD. Effects of Sacubitril/Valsartan on Physical and Social Activity Limitations in Patients With Heart Failure: A Secondary Analysis of the PARADIGM-HF Trial. JAMA Cardiol 2019; 3:498-505. [PMID: 29617523 DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2018.0398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Importance Health-related quality of life (HRQL) of patients with heart failure is markedly reduced compared with that in patients with other chronic diseases, demonstrating substantial limitations in physical and social activities. In the Prospective Comparison of ARNI With an ACE-Inhibitor to Determine Impact on Global Mortality and Morbidity in Heart Failure (PARADIGM-HF) trial, sacubitril/valsartan improved overall HRQL compared with enalapril, as determined by the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ). Objective To examine the effects of sacubitril/valsartan on physical and social activities. Design, Setting, and Participants The PARADIGM-HF trial was a randomized, double-blind, active treatment-controlled clinical trial performed from December 8, 2009, to March 31, 2014, in 8399 patients with New York Heart Association class II to IV disease and a left ventricular ejection fraction of 40% or less at 1043 centers in 38 countries. Data analysis was performed from August 1, 2017, to December 25, 2017. Interventions Sacubitril/valsartan, 200 mg twice daily, or enalapril, 10 mg twice daily. Main Outcomes and Measures Patients completed HRQL assessments using the KCCQ at randomization, 4-month, 8-month, and annual visits. The effect of sacubitril/valsartan on components of the physical and social limitation sections of the KCCQ at 8 months and longitudinally and related biomarkers and clinical outcomes were studied. Results At baseline, 7618 of 8399 patients (90.7%) (mean [SD] age, 64 [11] years; 5987 [78.6%] male and 1631 [21.4%] female) completed the initial KCCQ assessment. Patients reported the greatest limitations at baseline in jogging and sexual relationships. Patients receiving sacubitril/valsartan had significantly better adjusted change scores in most physical and social activities at 8 months and during 36 months compared with those receiving enalapril. The largest improvement over enalapril was in household chores (adjusted change score difference, 2.35; 95% CI, 1.19-3.50; P < .001) and sexual relationships (adjusted change score difference, 2.72; 95% CI, 0.97-4.46; P = .002); both persisted through 36 months (overall change score difference, 1.69 [95% CI, 0.78-2.60], P < .001; and 2.36 [95% CI, 1.01-3.71], P = .001, respectively). Conclusions and Relevance In patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, sacubitril/valsartan significantly improved nearly all KCCQ physical and social activities compared with enalapril, with the largest responses in household chores and sexual relationships. In addition to reduced likelihood of cardiovascular death, all-cause mortality, and heart failure hospitalization, sacubitril/valsartan may improve limitations in common activities in these patients. Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01035255.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Milton Packer
- Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Michael R Zile
- Medical University of South Carolina and Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston
| | - Karl Swedberg
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, England
| | - Jean L Rouleau
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, England.,Institut Cardiologie de Montreal, Université de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | | | - John J V McMurray
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland
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11
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Jorsal A, Pryds K, McMurray JJV, Wiggers H, Sommer A, Nielsen JC, Nielsen RR. Optimizing heart failure treatment following cardiac resynchronization therapy. Clin Res Cardiol 2019; 109:638-645. [DOI: 10.1007/s00392-019-01553-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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12
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Butler J, Lam CS, Anstrom KJ, Ezekowitz J, Hernandez AF, O’Connor CM, Pieske B, Ponikowski P, Shah SJ, Solomon SD, Voors AA, Wu Y, Carvalho F, Bamber L, Blaustein RO, Roessig L, Armstrong PW. Rationale and Design of the VITALITY-HFpEF Trial. Circ Heart Fail 2019; 12:e005998. [DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.119.005998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Javed Butler
- Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (J.B.)
| | - Carolyn S.P. Lam
- National Heart Centre Singapore, Duke-National University of Singapore (C.S.P.L.)
- The George Institute for Global Health (C.S.P.L.)
- University Medical Center Groningen, (C.S.P.L.), the Netherlands
| | | | - Justin Ezekowitz
- Division of Cardiology, Canadian VIGOUR Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (J.E., P.W.A.)
| | | | - Christopher M. O’Connor
- Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC (C.M.O.)
- Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Falls Church, VA (C.M.O.)
| | - Burkert Pieske
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Germany (B.P.)
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Heart Center Berlin, and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Germany (B.P.)
| | - Piotr Ponikowski
- Department of Heart Diseases, Wroclaw Medical University, Poland (P.P.)
- Cardiology Department, Military Hospital, Wrocław, Poland (P.P.)
| | - Sanjiv J. Shah
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL (S.J.S.)
| | - Scott D. Solomon
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA (S.D.S.)
| | - Adriaan A. Voors
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen (A.A.V.), the Netherlands
| | - Yi Wu
- Bayer AG, Wuppertal, Germany (Y.W., F.C., L.B., L.R.)
| | | | - Luke Bamber
- Bayer AG, Wuppertal, Germany (Y.W., F.C., L.B., L.R.)
| | | | | | - Paul W. Armstrong
- Division of Cardiology, Canadian VIGOUR Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada (J.E., P.W.A.)
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13
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Nagy KV, Széplaki G, Perge P, Boros AM, Kosztin A, Apor A, Molnár L, Szilágyi S, Tahin T, Zima E, Kutyifa V, Gellér L, Merkely B. Quality of life measured with EuroQol-five dimensions questionnaire predicts long-term mortality, response, and reverse remodelling in cardiac resynchronization therapy patients. Europace 2019; 20:1506-1512. [PMID: 29182734 PMCID: PMC6123937 DOI: 10.1093/europace/eux342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims There are previous studies on quality of life (QoL) in cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) patients; however, there are no data with the short EuroQol-five dimensions (EQ-5D) questionnaire predicting outcomes. We aimed to assess the predictive role of baseline QoL and QoL change at 6 months after CRT with EQ-5D on 5-year mortality and response. Methods and results In our prospective follow-up study, 130 heart failure (HF) patients undergoing CRT were enrolled. Clinical evaluation, echocardiography, and EQ-5D were performed at baseline and at 6 months of follow–up, continued to 5 years. Primary endpoint was all-cause mortality at 5 years. Secondary endpoints were (i) clinical response with at least one class improvement in New York Heart Association without HF hospitalization and (ii) reverse remodelling with 15% reduction in left ventricular end-systolic volume at 6 months. Fifty-four (41.5%) patients died during 5 years, 85 (65.3%) clinical responders were identified, and 63 patients (48.5%) had reverse remodelling. Baseline issues with mobility were associated with lower response [odds ratio (OR) 0.36, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.16–0.84; P = 0.018]. Lack of reverse remodelling correlated with self-care issues at baseline (OR 0.10, 95% CI 0.01–0.94; P = 0.04). Furthermore, self-care difficulties [hazard ratio (HR) 2.39, 95% CI 1.17–4.86; P = 0.01) or more anxiety (HR 1.51, 95% CI 1.00–2.26; P = 0.04) predicted worse long-term survival. At 6 months, mobility (HR 3.95, 95% CI 1.89–8.20; P < 0.001), self-care (HR 7.69, 95% CI 2.23–25.9; P = 0.001), or ≥ 10% visual analogue scale (VAS) (HR 2.24, 95% CI 1.27–3.94; P = 0.005) improvement anticipated better survival at 5 years. Conclusion EuroQol-five dimension is a simple method assessing QoL in CRT population. Mobility issues at baseline are associated with lower clinical response, whereas self-care issues predict lack of reverse remodelling. Problems with mobility or anxiety before CRT and persistent issues with mobility, self-care, and VAS scale at 6 months predict adverse outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Vivien Nagy
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 68 Városmajor utca, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Széplaki
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 68 Városmajor utca, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Perge
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 68 Városmajor utca, Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Mihály Boros
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 68 Városmajor utca, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Annamária Kosztin
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 68 Városmajor utca, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Astrid Apor
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 68 Városmajor utca, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Levente Molnár
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 68 Városmajor utca, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szabolcs Szilágyi
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 68 Városmajor utca, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Tahin
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 68 Városmajor utca, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Endre Zima
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 68 Városmajor utca, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Valentina Kutyifa
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 68 Városmajor utca, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Gellér
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 68 Városmajor utca, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Béla Merkely
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, 68 Városmajor utca, Budapest, Hungary
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14
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Ferreira JP, Zannad F. Patient-reported and morbidity-mortality endpoints: can one have the best of both worlds? Eur J Heart Fail 2018; 21:71-73. [DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.1317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- João Pedro Ferreira
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques-Plurithématique 14-33, and Inserm U1116, CHRU, F-CRIN INI-CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists); Nancy France
- Department of Physiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cardiovascular Research and Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine; University of Porto; Portugal
| | - Faiez Zannad
- Université de Lorraine, Inserm, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques-Plurithématique 14-33, and Inserm U1116, CHRU, F-CRIN INI-CRCT (Cardiovascular and Renal Clinical Trialists); Nancy France
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15
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Luo N, O'Connor CM, Cooper LB, Sun JL, Coles A, Reed SD, Whellan DJ, Piña IL, Kraus WE, Mentz RJ. Relationship between changing patient-reported outcomes and subsequent clinical events in patients with chronic heart failure: insights from HF-ACTION. Eur J Heart Fail 2018; 21:63-70. [PMID: 30168635 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.1299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS A 5-point change in the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) is commonly considered to be a clinically significant difference in health status in patients with heart failure. We evaluated how the magnitude of change relates to subsequent clinical outcomes. METHODS AND RESULTS Using data from the HF-ACTION trial of exercise training in chronic heart failure (n = 2331), we used multivariable Cox regression with piecewise linear splines to examine the relationship between change in KCCQ overall summary score from baseline to 3 months (range 0-100; higher scores reflect better health status) and subsequent all-cause mortality/hospitalization. Among 2038 patients with KCCQ data at the 3-month visit, KCCQ scores increased from baseline by ≥5 points for 45%, scores decreased by ≥5 points for 23%, and scores changed by <5 points for the remaining 32% of patients. There was a non-linear relationship between change in KCCQ and outcomes. Worsening health status was associated with increased all-cause mortality/hospitalization (adjusted hazard ratio 1.07 per 5-point KCCQ decline; 95% confidence interval 1.03-1.12; P < 0.001). In contrast, improving health status, up to an 8-point increase in KCCQ, was associated with decreased all-cause mortality/hospitalization (adjusted hazard ratio 0.93 per 5-point increase; 95% confidence interval 0.90-0.97; P < 0.001). Additional improvements in health status beyond an 8-point increase in KCCQ was not associated with all-cause death or hospitalization (P = 0.42). CONCLUSION In patients with heart failure, small changes in KCCQ are associated with changing future risk, but more research will be necessary to understand how different magnitudes of improving health status affect outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Luo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.,Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Christopher M O'Connor
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.,Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Falls Church, VA, USA
| | - Lauren B Cooper
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.,Inova Heart and Vascular Institute, Falls Church, VA, USA
| | - Jie-Lena Sun
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Adrian Coles
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Ileana L Piña
- Montefiore-Einstein Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - William E Kraus
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.,Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Robert J Mentz
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.,Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA
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16
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Long-Term Survival of Patients With Left Bundle Branch Block Who Are Hypo-Responders to Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy. Am J Cardiol 2017; 120:825-830. [PMID: 28688704 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Guidelines support cardiac resynchronization therapy with a defibrillator (CRT-D) in mild heart failure (HF) patients with left bundle branch block (LBBB). However, not all patients demonstrate echocardiographic or clinical response to CRT-D. We aimed to evaluate the long-term outcomes of echocardiographic hypo-responders and clinical hypo-responders to CRT-D with LBBB in the Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial with Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy. Five-hundred thirty-four patients with LBBB in the CRT-D arm were followed for 5.6 years (median). Clinical hypo-response was defined as HF event in the first year after CRT-D implantation. Echocardiographic hypo-response was defined as ≤35% reduction (median) in left ventricular end-systolic volume 1 year after CRT-D implantation without evidence of clinical hypo-response. Echocardiographic and clinical response was observed in 257 patients (48%). Two-hundred fifty patients (47%) were echocardiographic hypo-responders and 27 patients (5%) were clinical hypo-responders. Echocardiographic hypo-responders had increased risk of all-cause mortality compared with echocardiographic + clinical responders (hazard ratio [HR] 2.85, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.37 to 5.94, p = 0.005). Clinical hypo-responders had increased risk of mortality compared with echocardiographic + clinical responders (HR 7.49, 95% CI: 2.88 to 19.48, p <0.0001) and compared with echocardiographic hypo-responders (HR 2.63, 95% CI: 1.17 to 5.92, p = 0.020). In conclusion, during long-term follow-up, patients with mild HF and LBBB who have echocardiographic hypo-response to CRT, with or without clinical signs of worsening HF, have increased risk of mortality. This study emphasizes the prognostic significance of echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular volume after CRT implantation in LBBB patients with mild HF.
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17
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Lewis EF, Claggett BL, McMurray JJV, Packer M, Lefkowitz MP, Rouleau JL, Liu J, Shi VC, Zile MR, Desai AS, Solomon SD, Swedberg K. Health-Related Quality of Life Outcomes in PARADIGM-HF. Circ Heart Fail 2017; 10:CIRCHEARTFAILURE.116.003430. [DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.116.003430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eldrin F. Lewis
- From the Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA (E.F.L., B.L.C., J.L., A.S.D., S.D.S.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M.); Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); Novartis, East Hanover, NJ (M.P.L., V.C.S.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montreal, Université de Montreal, Canada (J.L.R.); Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC
| | - Brian L. Claggett
- From the Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA (E.F.L., B.L.C., J.L., A.S.D., S.D.S.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M.); Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); Novartis, East Hanover, NJ (M.P.L., V.C.S.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montreal, Université de Montreal, Canada (J.L.R.); Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC
| | - John J. V. McMurray
- From the Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA (E.F.L., B.L.C., J.L., A.S.D., S.D.S.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M.); Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); Novartis, East Hanover, NJ (M.P.L., V.C.S.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montreal, Université de Montreal, Canada (J.L.R.); Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC
| | - Milton Packer
- From the Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA (E.F.L., B.L.C., J.L., A.S.D., S.D.S.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M.); Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); Novartis, East Hanover, NJ (M.P.L., V.C.S.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montreal, Université de Montreal, Canada (J.L.R.); Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC
| | - Martin P. Lefkowitz
- From the Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA (E.F.L., B.L.C., J.L., A.S.D., S.D.S.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M.); Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); Novartis, East Hanover, NJ (M.P.L., V.C.S.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montreal, Université de Montreal, Canada (J.L.R.); Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC
| | - Jean L. Rouleau
- From the Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA (E.F.L., B.L.C., J.L., A.S.D., S.D.S.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M.); Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); Novartis, East Hanover, NJ (M.P.L., V.C.S.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montreal, Université de Montreal, Canada (J.L.R.); Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC
| | - Jiankang Liu
- From the Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA (E.F.L., B.L.C., J.L., A.S.D., S.D.S.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M.); Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); Novartis, East Hanover, NJ (M.P.L., V.C.S.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montreal, Université de Montreal, Canada (J.L.R.); Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC
| | - Victor C. Shi
- From the Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA (E.F.L., B.L.C., J.L., A.S.D., S.D.S.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M.); Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); Novartis, East Hanover, NJ (M.P.L., V.C.S.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montreal, Université de Montreal, Canada (J.L.R.); Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC
| | - Michael R. Zile
- From the Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA (E.F.L., B.L.C., J.L., A.S.D., S.D.S.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M.); Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); Novartis, East Hanover, NJ (M.P.L., V.C.S.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montreal, Université de Montreal, Canada (J.L.R.); Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC
| | - Akshay S. Desai
- From the Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA (E.F.L., B.L.C., J.L., A.S.D., S.D.S.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M.); Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); Novartis, East Hanover, NJ (M.P.L., V.C.S.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montreal, Université de Montreal, Canada (J.L.R.); Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC
| | - Scott D. Solomon
- From the Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA (E.F.L., B.L.C., J.L., A.S.D., S.D.S.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M.); Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); Novartis, East Hanover, NJ (M.P.L., V.C.S.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montreal, Université de Montreal, Canada (J.L.R.); Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC
| | - Karl Swedberg
- From the Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA (E.F.L., B.L.C., J.L., A.S.D., S.D.S.); BHF Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom (J.J.V.M.); Baylor Heart and Vascular Institute, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX (M.P.); Novartis, East Hanover, NJ (M.P.L., V.C.S.); Institut de Cardiologie de Montreal, Université de Montreal, Canada (J.L.R.); Medical University of South Carolina and RHJ Department of Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC
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18
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Gilbert EM, Xu WD. Rationales and choices for the treatment of patients with NYHA class II heart failure. Postgrad Med 2017; 129:619-631. [PMID: 28670961 DOI: 10.1080/00325481.2017.1344082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) in the United States represents a significant burden for patients and a tremendous strain on the healthcare system. Patients receiving a diagnosis of HF can be placed into 1 of 4 New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional classifications; the greatest proportion of patients are in the NYHA class II category, which is defined as patients having a slight limitation of physical activity but who are comfortable at rest, and for whom ordinary physical activity results in symptoms of HF. Because the severity of NYHA class II HF may be perceived as mild or unalarming by this definition, the urgency to treat this type of HF may be overlooked. However, these patients are optimal candidates for active intervention because their HF is at a critical point on the disease progression continuum when untoward changes can be halted or reversed. This review discusses the physiological consequences of NYHA class II HF with reduced ejection fraction and describes recent clinical trials that have demonstrated a therapeutic benefit for patients in this population. In doing so, we hope to establish that patients with NYHA class II disease merit careful attention and to provide reassurance to the treating community that options are available for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward M Gilbert
- a Division of Cardiology , University of Utah , Salt Lake City , UT , USA
| | - Weining David Xu
- a Division of Cardiology , University of Utah , Salt Lake City , UT , USA
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19
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Ferreira JP, Duarte K, Graves TL, Zile MR, Abraham WT, Weaver FA, Lindenfeld J, Zannad F. Natriuretic Peptides, 6-Min Walk Test, and Quality-of-Life Questionnaires as Clinically Meaningful Endpoints in HF Trials. J Am Coll Cardiol 2017; 68:2690-2707. [PMID: 27978953 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.09.936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The Expedited Access for Premarket Approval and De Novo Medical Devices Intended for Unmet Medical Need for Life Threatening or Irreversibly Debilitating Diseases or Conditions document was issued as a guidance for industry and for the Food and Drug Administration. The Expedited Access Pathway was designed as a new program for medical devices that demonstrated the potential to address unmet medical needs for life threatening or irreversibly debilitating conditions. The Food and Drug Administration would consider assessments of a device's effect on intermediate endpoints that, when improving in a congruent fashion, are reasonably likely to predict clinical benefit. The purpose of this review is to provide evidence to support the use of 3 such intermediate endpoints: natriuretic peptides, such as N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide/B-type natriuretic peptide, the 6-min walk test distance, and health-related quality of life in heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Pedro Ferreira
- INSERM, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, Université de Lorraine, CHRU de Nancy and F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy, France
| | - Kevin Duarte
- INSERM, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, Université de Lorraine, CHRU de Nancy and F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy, France
| | | | - Michael R Zile
- Medical University of South Carolina and the RHJ Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, South Carolina
| | | | - Fred A Weaver
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, Department of Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Faiez Zannad
- INSERM, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, Université de Lorraine, CHRU de Nancy and F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy, France.
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20
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Yu Z, Chen X, Han F, Qin S, Li M, Wu Y, Su Y, Ge J. Electro-echocardiographic Indices to Predict Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Non-response on Non-ischemic Cardiomyopathy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44009. [PMID: 28281560 PMCID: PMC5345096 DOI: 10.1038/srep44009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) threw lights on heart failure treatment, however, parts of patients showed nonresponse to CRT. Unfortunately, it lacks effective parameters to predict CRT non-response. In present study, we try to seek effective electro-echocardiographic predictors on CRT non-response. This is a retrospective study to review a total of 227 patients of dyssynchronous heart failure underwent CRT implantation. Logistic analysis was performed between CRT responders and CRT non-responders. The primary outcome was the occurrence of improved left ventricular ejection fraction 1 year after CRT implantation. We concluded that LVEDV > 255 mL (OR = 2.236; 95% CI, 1.016-4.923) rather than LVESV > 160 mL (OR = 1.18; 95% CI, 0.544-2.56) and TpTe/QTc > 0.203 (OR = 5.206; 95% CI, 1.89-14.34) significantly predicted CRT non-response. Oppositely, S wave > 5.7 cm/s (OR = 0.242; 95% CI, 0.089-0.657), E/A > 1 (OR = 0.211; 95% CI, 0.079-0.566), E'/A' > 1 (OR = 0.054; 95% CI, 0.017-0.172), CLBBB (OR = 0.141; 95% CI, 0.048-0.409), and QRS duration >160 ms (OR = 0.52; 95% CI, 0.305-0.922) surprisingly predicted low-probability of CRT non-response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqing Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China.,Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Xueying Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China.,Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Fei Han
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China.,Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Shengmei Qin
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Minghui Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Yuan Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Yangang Su
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China
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21
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Lewis EF, Kim HY, Claggett B, Spertus J, Heitner JF, Assmann SF, Kenwood CT, Solomon SD, Desai AS, Fang JC, McKinlay SA, Pitt BA, Pfeffer MA. Impact of Spironolactone on Longitudinal Changes in Health-Related Quality of Life in the Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure With an Aldosterone Antagonist Trial. Circ Heart Fail 2016; 9:e001937. [PMID: 26962133 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.114.001937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure (HF) with preserved ejection fraction patients have equally impaired health-related quality of life (HRQL) compared with those with HF with reduced ejection fraction, but limited studies have evaluated the impact of therapies on changes in HRQL. METHODS AND RESULTS Patients ≥50 years of age, with symptomatic HF and left ventricular ejection fraction ≥45%, were enrolled in Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure With an Aldosterone Antagonist (TOPCAT) and randomized to spironolactone or placebo. Patients completed the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ), which was the primary HRQL instrument, and EQ5D visual analog scale at baseline, 4 months, 12 months, and annually thereafter. McMaster Overall Treatment Evaluation was assessed at 4 and 12 months to assess global change scores. Change scores (+SD) were calculated to determine between-group differences, and multivariable repeated-measures models were created to identify other factors associated with change scores. Paired KCCQ data were available for 91.7% of 3445 TOPCAT patients. By 4 months, the mean change in KCCQ was 7.7±16 and mean change in EQ5D visual analog scale was 4.7±16. Adjusted mean changes in KCCQ for the spironolactone group were significantly better than those for the placebo group at 4-month (1.54 better; P=0.002), 12-month (1.35 better; P=0.02), and 36-month (1.86 better; P=0.02) visits. No between-group differences in EQ5D visual analog scale change scores or McMaster Overall Treatment Evaluation were noted. Older age, obesity, current smoking, New York Heart Association class III/IV, and comorbid illnesses were associated with declines in KCCQ scores. Use of spironolactone was an independent predictor of improved KCCQ scores. CONCLUSIONS In symptomatic HF with preserved ejection fraction patients, use of spironolactone was associated with an improvement in HF-specific HRQL. Several modifiable risk factors were associated with HRQL deterioration. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00094302.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eldrin F Lewis
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (E.F.L., B.C., S.D.S., A.S.D., M.A.P.); New England Research Institutes, Watertown, MA (H.-Y.K., S.F.A., C.T.K., S.A.M.); Mid America Heart Institute/UMKC, Kansas City, MO (J.S.); Division of Cardiology, New York Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn (J.F.H.); University of Utah, Division of Cardiology, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); and University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (B.A.P.).
| | - Hae-Young Kim
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (E.F.L., B.C., S.D.S., A.S.D., M.A.P.); New England Research Institutes, Watertown, MA (H.-Y.K., S.F.A., C.T.K., S.A.M.); Mid America Heart Institute/UMKC, Kansas City, MO (J.S.); Division of Cardiology, New York Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn (J.F.H.); University of Utah, Division of Cardiology, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); and University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (B.A.P.)
| | - Brian Claggett
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (E.F.L., B.C., S.D.S., A.S.D., M.A.P.); New England Research Institutes, Watertown, MA (H.-Y.K., S.F.A., C.T.K., S.A.M.); Mid America Heart Institute/UMKC, Kansas City, MO (J.S.); Division of Cardiology, New York Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn (J.F.H.); University of Utah, Division of Cardiology, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); and University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (B.A.P.)
| | - John Spertus
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (E.F.L., B.C., S.D.S., A.S.D., M.A.P.); New England Research Institutes, Watertown, MA (H.-Y.K., S.F.A., C.T.K., S.A.M.); Mid America Heart Institute/UMKC, Kansas City, MO (J.S.); Division of Cardiology, New York Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn (J.F.H.); University of Utah, Division of Cardiology, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); and University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (B.A.P.)
| | - John F Heitner
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (E.F.L., B.C., S.D.S., A.S.D., M.A.P.); New England Research Institutes, Watertown, MA (H.-Y.K., S.F.A., C.T.K., S.A.M.); Mid America Heart Institute/UMKC, Kansas City, MO (J.S.); Division of Cardiology, New York Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn (J.F.H.); University of Utah, Division of Cardiology, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); and University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (B.A.P.)
| | - Susan F Assmann
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (E.F.L., B.C., S.D.S., A.S.D., M.A.P.); New England Research Institutes, Watertown, MA (H.-Y.K., S.F.A., C.T.K., S.A.M.); Mid America Heart Institute/UMKC, Kansas City, MO (J.S.); Division of Cardiology, New York Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn (J.F.H.); University of Utah, Division of Cardiology, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); and University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (B.A.P.)
| | - Christopher T Kenwood
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (E.F.L., B.C., S.D.S., A.S.D., M.A.P.); New England Research Institutes, Watertown, MA (H.-Y.K., S.F.A., C.T.K., S.A.M.); Mid America Heart Institute/UMKC, Kansas City, MO (J.S.); Division of Cardiology, New York Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn (J.F.H.); University of Utah, Division of Cardiology, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); and University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (B.A.P.)
| | - Scott D Solomon
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (E.F.L., B.C., S.D.S., A.S.D., M.A.P.); New England Research Institutes, Watertown, MA (H.-Y.K., S.F.A., C.T.K., S.A.M.); Mid America Heart Institute/UMKC, Kansas City, MO (J.S.); Division of Cardiology, New York Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn (J.F.H.); University of Utah, Division of Cardiology, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); and University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (B.A.P.)
| | - Akshay S Desai
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (E.F.L., B.C., S.D.S., A.S.D., M.A.P.); New England Research Institutes, Watertown, MA (H.-Y.K., S.F.A., C.T.K., S.A.M.); Mid America Heart Institute/UMKC, Kansas City, MO (J.S.); Division of Cardiology, New York Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn (J.F.H.); University of Utah, Division of Cardiology, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); and University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (B.A.P.)
| | - James C Fang
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (E.F.L., B.C., S.D.S., A.S.D., M.A.P.); New England Research Institutes, Watertown, MA (H.-Y.K., S.F.A., C.T.K., S.A.M.); Mid America Heart Institute/UMKC, Kansas City, MO (J.S.); Division of Cardiology, New York Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn (J.F.H.); University of Utah, Division of Cardiology, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); and University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (B.A.P.)
| | - Sonia A McKinlay
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (E.F.L., B.C., S.D.S., A.S.D., M.A.P.); New England Research Institutes, Watertown, MA (H.-Y.K., S.F.A., C.T.K., S.A.M.); Mid America Heart Institute/UMKC, Kansas City, MO (J.S.); Division of Cardiology, New York Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn (J.F.H.); University of Utah, Division of Cardiology, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); and University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (B.A.P.)
| | - Bertram A Pitt
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (E.F.L., B.C., S.D.S., A.S.D., M.A.P.); New England Research Institutes, Watertown, MA (H.-Y.K., S.F.A., C.T.K., S.A.M.); Mid America Heart Institute/UMKC, Kansas City, MO (J.S.); Division of Cardiology, New York Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn (J.F.H.); University of Utah, Division of Cardiology, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); and University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (B.A.P.)
| | - Marc A Pfeffer
- From the Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA (E.F.L., B.C., S.D.S., A.S.D., M.A.P.); New England Research Institutes, Watertown, MA (H.-Y.K., S.F.A., C.T.K., S.A.M.); Mid America Heart Institute/UMKC, Kansas City, MO (J.S.); Division of Cardiology, New York Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn (J.F.H.); University of Utah, Division of Cardiology, Salt Lake City (J.C.F.); and University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor (B.A.P.)
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22
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Curtis AB, Worley SJ, Chung ES, Li P, Christman SA, St. John Sutton M. Improvement in Clinical Outcomes With Biventricular Versus Right Ventricular Pacing. J Am Coll Cardiol 2016; 67:2148-2157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2016.02.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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23
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Sridhar ARM, Yarlagadda V, Parasa S, Reddy YM, Patel D, Lakkireddy D, Wilkoff BL, Dawn B. Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2016; 9:e003108. [DOI: 10.1161/circep.115.003108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background—
The use of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has increased significantly since its initial approval in 2001 for use in patients with advanced heart failure. However, trends in utilization of CRT have not been systematically characterized.
Methods and Results—
We used the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database to identify all patients with CRT implantation during 2002 to 2010. The overall trends in CRT device implantation, patient characteristics, and outcomes were examined in detail and compared among demographic subgroups. During 2002 to 2010, a total of 374 202 CRT procedures were recorded. Significant and persistent gender and racial disparities favoring men (71.4%) and white (79.6%), respectively, were noted in all years. The highest number of CRT devices were implanted in the 65- to 84-year age group (64.6%), with significant increase in number of CRT implants in older patients ≥85 years over the years (
P
=0.02). The CRT-associated in-hospital mortality improved from 1.08% in 2003 to 0.70% in 2010 (
P
=0.03). The correlates of higher mortality included males (0.93% versus 0.71% in females;
P
=0.04) and older age (age ≥85 years had 1.5% mortality versus 0.8% for age <85 year;
P
<0.001). The mean hospital length of stay for CRT decreased, while mean CRT-associated hospital charges increased progressively over the years. Factors associated with higher charges were gender (males>females), older age, and greater comorbidities.
Conclusions—
CRT implantation is a relatively safe procedure that has become safer in higher risk patients. However, significant disparities in CRT utilization exist in certain demographic subgroups, and these disparities have persisted across the years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Raghav Mahankali Sridhar
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, OH (A.R.M.S., B.L.W.); Department of Medicine, AtlantiCare Regional Medical Center, Atlantic City, NJ (V.Y.); Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center and Hospital, Kansas City (Y.M.R., D.L., B.D.); Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City (S.P.); and Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (D.P.)
| | - Vivek Yarlagadda
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, OH (A.R.M.S., B.L.W.); Department of Medicine, AtlantiCare Regional Medical Center, Atlantic City, NJ (V.Y.); Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center and Hospital, Kansas City (Y.M.R., D.L., B.D.); Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City (S.P.); and Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (D.P.)
| | - Sravanthi Parasa
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, OH (A.R.M.S., B.L.W.); Department of Medicine, AtlantiCare Regional Medical Center, Atlantic City, NJ (V.Y.); Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center and Hospital, Kansas City (Y.M.R., D.L., B.D.); Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City (S.P.); and Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (D.P.)
| | - Yeruva Madhu Reddy
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, OH (A.R.M.S., B.L.W.); Department of Medicine, AtlantiCare Regional Medical Center, Atlantic City, NJ (V.Y.); Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center and Hospital, Kansas City (Y.M.R., D.L., B.D.); Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City (S.P.); and Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (D.P.)
| | - Dhavalkumar Patel
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, OH (A.R.M.S., B.L.W.); Department of Medicine, AtlantiCare Regional Medical Center, Atlantic City, NJ (V.Y.); Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center and Hospital, Kansas City (Y.M.R., D.L., B.D.); Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City (S.P.); and Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (D.P.)
| | - Dhanunjaya Lakkireddy
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, OH (A.R.M.S., B.L.W.); Department of Medicine, AtlantiCare Regional Medical Center, Atlantic City, NJ (V.Y.); Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center and Hospital, Kansas City (Y.M.R., D.L., B.D.); Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City (S.P.); and Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (D.P.)
| | - Bruce L. Wilkoff
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, OH (A.R.M.S., B.L.W.); Department of Medicine, AtlantiCare Regional Medical Center, Atlantic City, NJ (V.Y.); Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center and Hospital, Kansas City (Y.M.R., D.L., B.D.); Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City (S.P.); and Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (D.P.)
| | - Buddhadeb Dawn
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, OH (A.R.M.S., B.L.W.); Department of Medicine, AtlantiCare Regional Medical Center, Atlantic City, NJ (V.Y.); Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center and Hospital, Kansas City (Y.M.R., D.L., B.D.); Department of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City (S.P.); and Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond (D.P.)
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24
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Abstract
The field of quality-of-life (QOL) measurement grew out of attempts in the 1960s and 1970s to connect the ever-increasing levels of public expenditure on technology-based health care for chronic diseases with evidence of the benefits and harms to patients. Most of the concepts, methods, and standards for measuring QOL were derived from psychometrics, but the degree to which current tools adhere to these methods varies greatly. Despite the importance of QOL, patient-reported outcomes are not measured in most cardiovascular clinical trials. Lack of familiarity with QOL measures and their interpretation, and unrealistic expectations about the information these measures can provide, are obstacles to their use. Large clinical trials of revascularization therapy for coronary artery disease and medical treatments for heart failure show small-to-moderate QOL effects, primarily detected with disease-specific instruments. Larger treatment effects, seen in trials of device therapy for heart failure and ablation therapy for atrial fibrillation, have been detected with both generic and disease-specific instruments. A large gap remains between the parameters currently being measured in clinical research and the data needed to incorporate the 'patient's voice' into therapeutic decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel B Mark
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, 2400 Pratt Avenue, Room 0311, PO Box 17969, Durham, North Carolina 27715, USA
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25
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Mastenbroek MH, Pedersen SS, Meine M, Versteeg H. Distinct trajectories of disease-specific health status in heart failure patients undergoing cardiac resynchronization therapy. Qual Life Res 2015; 25:1451-60. [PMID: 26563250 PMCID: PMC4870284 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-015-1176-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Purpose It is well known that a significant proportion of heart failure patients (10–44 %) do not show improvement in symptoms or functioning from cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), yet no study has examined patient-reported health status trajectories after implantation. Methods A cohort of 139 patients with a CRT-defibrillator (70 % men; age 65.7 ± 10.1 years) completed the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) prior to implantation (baseline) and at 2, 6, and 12–14 months post-implantation. Latent class analyses were used to identify trajectories and associates of disease-specific health status over time. Results All health status trajectories showed an initial small to large improvement from baseline to 2-month follow-up, whereafter most trajectories displayed a stable pattern between short- and long-term follow-up. Low educational level, NYHA class III/IV, smoking, no use of beta-blockers, use of psychotropic medication, anxiety, depression, and type D personality were found to be associated with poorer health status in unadjusted analyses. Interestingly, subgroups of patients (12–20 %) who experienced poor health status at baseline improved to stable good health status levels after implantation. Conclusions Levels of disease-specific health status vary considerably across subgroups of CRT-D patients. Classification into poorer disease-specific health status trajectories was particularly associated with patients’ psychological profile and NYHA classification. The timely identification of CRT-D patients who present with poor disease-specific health status (i.e., KCCQ score < 50) and a distressed psychological profile (i.e., anxiety, depression, and/or type D personality) is paramount, as they may benefit from cardiac rehabilitation in combination with psychological intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam H Mastenbroek
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center, Heidelberglaan 100, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,CoRPS - Center of Research on Psychology in Somatic Diseases, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Susanne S Pedersen
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Cardiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mathias Meine
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center, Heidelberglaan 100, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Henneke Versteeg
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center, Heidelberglaan 100, 3508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands. .,CoRPS - Center of Research on Psychology in Somatic Diseases, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands.
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26
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Mastenbroek MH, Van't Sant J, Versteeg H, Cramer MJ, Doevendans PA, Pedersen SS, Meine M. Relationship Between Reverse Remodeling and Cardiopulmonary Exercise Capacity in Heart Failure Patients Undergoing Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy. J Card Fail 2015; 22:385-94. [PMID: 26363091 DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2015.08.342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies on the relationship between left ventricular reverse remodeling and cardiopulmonary exercise capacity in heart failure patients undergoing cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) are scarce and inconclusive. METHODS AND RESULTS Eighty-four patients with a 1st-time CRT-defibrillator (mean age 65 ± 11; 73% male) underwent echocardiography and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) before implantation (baseline) and 6 months after implantation. At baseline, patients also completed a set of questionnaires measuring mental and physical health. The association between echocardiographic response (left ventricular end-systolic volume decrease ≥15%) and a comprehensive set of CPX results was examined. Echocardiographic responders (54%) demonstrated higher peak oxygen consumption and better exercise performance than nonresponders at baseline and at 6-month follow-up. Furthermore, only echocardiographic responders showed improvements in ventilatory efficiency during follow-up. Multivariable repeated measures analyses revealed that, besides reverse remodeling, New York Heart Association functional class II and good patient-reported health status before implantation were the most important correlates of higher average oxygen consumption during exercise, and that nonischemic etiology and smaller pre-implantation QRS width were associated with better ventilatory efficiency over time. CONCLUSIONS During the first 6 months of CRT there was a significant positive association between reverse remodeling and cardiopulmonary exercise capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam H Mastenbroek
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Center of Research on Psychology in Somatic Diseases, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands.
| | - Jetske Van't Sant
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Henneke Versteeg
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Center of Research on Psychology in Somatic Diseases, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten J Cramer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter A Doevendans
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Susanne S Pedersen
- Center of Research on Psychology in Somatic Diseases, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands; Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Cardiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Department of Psychology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Mathias Meine
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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27
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Drug therapy for heart failure in older patients-what do they want? JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC CARDIOLOGY : JGC 2015; 12:165-73. [PMID: 25870620 PMCID: PMC4394332 DOI: 10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2015.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chronic heart failure (CHF) is predominantly seen in older patients, and therefore real life medicine often requires the extrapolation of findings from trials conducted in much younger populations. Prescribing patterns and potential benefits in the elderly are heavily influenced by polypharmacy and co-morbid pathologies. Increasing longevity may become less relevant in the frail elderly, whereas improving quality of life (QoL) often becomes priority; the onus being on improving wellbeing, maintaining independence for longer, and delaying institutionalisation. Specific studies evaluating elderly patients with CHF are lacking and little is known regarding the tolerability and side-effect profile of evidence based drug therapies in this population. There has been recent interest on the impact of heart rate in patients with symptomatic CHF. Ivabradine, with selective heart rate lowering capabilities, is of benefit in patients with CHF and left ventricular systolic dysfunction in sinus rhythm, resulting in reduction of heart failure hospitalisation and cardiovascular death. This manuscript will focus on CHF and the older patient and will discuss the impact of heart rate, drug therapies and tolerability. It will also highlight the unmet need for specific studies that focus on patient-centred study end points rather than mortality targets that characterise most therapeutic trials. An on-going study evaluating the impact of ivabradine on QoL that presents a unique opportunity to evaluate the tolerability and impact of an established therapy on a wide range of real life, older patients with CHF will be discussed.
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Duncker D, Friedel K, König T, Schreyer H, Lüsebrink U, Duncker M, Oswald H, Klein G, Gardiwal A. Cardiac resynchronization therapy improves psycho-cognitive performance in patients with heart failure. Europace 2015; 17:1415-21. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euv005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Friess MR, Marino BS, Cassedy A, Wilmot I, Jefferies JL, Lorts A. Health-related quality of life assessment in children followed in a cardiomyopathy clinic. Pediatr Cardiol 2015; 36:516-23. [PMID: 25287220 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-014-1042-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
As our ability to diagnosis cardiomyopathy matures and genetic testing becomes more widespread, there has been an increase in the number of children followed for cardiomyopathy. The purpose of this study was to compare health-related quality of life (HRQoL) between children with cardiomyopathy and healthy controls and with children seen in clinic who are at risk for the development of cardiomyopathy. Patient and parent-proxy perspectives were obtained using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL(TM)) 4.0 Core Scales (ages 2-18 years) and the disease-specific Cardiac Module. Cardiomyopathy physicians' perceptions of the impact of cardiomyopathy on the functional status of the patients were collected. In addition, data regarding disease-specific medical and socioeconomic information were collected from chart review and parental report. The questionnaires were completed by 100 parent-proxies and 71 children. The PedsQL(TM) scores reported by children and their parent-proxies were compared to scores reported by pediatric norms. Compared to healthy controls, patients followed in a pediatric cardiomyopathy clinic scored lower in Total score when compared to pediatric norms (80.7 vs 86.4, p = 0.002). Interestingly, children with a family history of cardiomyopathy who are at risk for developing the disease scored similar to those children with a diagnosis of cardiomyopathy. Parental and patients perceptions were discrepant when compared, which may deter appropriate referral to behavioral health services. These results should encourage cardiomyopathy clinics to screen all patients for HRQoL impairments and to have behavioral services available to assist these children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie R Friess
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Management of chronic heart failure in the older population. JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC CARDIOLOGY : JGC 2015; 11:329-37. [PMID: 25593582 PMCID: PMC4292097 DOI: 10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2014.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2014] [Revised: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic heart failure (CHF) is the leading cause of hospitalization for those over the age of 65 and represents a significant clinical and economic burden. About half of hospital re-admissions are related to co-morbidities, polypharmacy and disabilities associated with CHF. Moreover, CHF also has an enormous cost in terms of poor prognosis with an average one year mortality of 33%–35%. While more than half of patients with CHF are over 75 years, most clinical trials have included younger patients with a mean age of 61 years. Inadequate data makes treatment decisions challenging for the providers. Older CHF patients are more often female, have less cardiovascular diseases and associated risk factors, but higher rates of non-cardiovascular conditions and diastolic dysfunction. The prevalence of CHF with reduced ejection fraction, ischemic heart disease, and its risk factors declines with age, whereas the prevalence of non-cardiac co-morbidities, such as chronic renal failure, dementia, anemia and malignancy increases with age. Diabetes and hypertension are among the strongest risk factors as predictors of CHF particularly among women with coronary heart disease. This review paper will focus on the specific consideration for CHF assessment in the older population. Management strategies will be reviewed, including non-pharmacologic, pharmacologic, quality care indicators, quality improvement in care transition and lastly, end-of-life issues. Palliative care should be an integral part of an interdisciplinary team approach for a comprehensive care plan over the whole disease trajectory. In addition, frailty contributes valuable prognostic insight incremental to existing risk models and assists clinicians in defining optimal care pathways for their patients.
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LENARCZYK RADOSŁAW, JĘDRZEJCZYK-PATEJ EWA, MAZUREK MICHAŁ, SZULIK MARIOLA, KOWALSKI OSKAR, PRUSZKOWSKA PATRYCJA, SOKAL ADAM, ŚREDNIAWA BEATA, BOIDOL JOANNA, KOWALCZYK JACEK, PODOLECKI TOMASZ, MENCEL GRZEGORZ, KALARUS ZBIGNIEW. Quality of Life in Cardiac Resynchronization Recipients: Association with Response and Impact on Outcome. PACING AND CLINICAL ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY: PACE 2014; 38:8-17. [DOI: 10.1111/pace.12523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2013] [Revised: 08/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- RADOSŁAW LENARCZYK
- From the Department of Cardiology; Congenital Heart Disease and Electrotherapy; Silesian Medical University; Silesian Centre for Heart Diseases; Zabrze Poland
| | - EWA JĘDRZEJCZYK-PATEJ
- From the Department of Cardiology; Congenital Heart Disease and Electrotherapy; Silesian Medical University; Silesian Centre for Heart Diseases; Zabrze Poland
| | - MICHAŁ MAZUREK
- From the Department of Cardiology; Congenital Heart Disease and Electrotherapy; Silesian Medical University; Silesian Centre for Heart Diseases; Zabrze Poland
| | - MARIOLA SZULIK
- From the Department of Cardiology; Congenital Heart Disease and Electrotherapy; Silesian Medical University; Silesian Centre for Heart Diseases; Zabrze Poland
| | - OSKAR KOWALSKI
- From the Department of Cardiology; Congenital Heart Disease and Electrotherapy; Silesian Medical University; Silesian Centre for Heart Diseases; Zabrze Poland
| | - PATRYCJA PRUSZKOWSKA
- From the Department of Cardiology; Congenital Heart Disease and Electrotherapy; Silesian Medical University; Silesian Centre for Heart Diseases; Zabrze Poland
| | - ADAM SOKAL
- From the Department of Cardiology; Congenital Heart Disease and Electrotherapy; Silesian Medical University; Silesian Centre for Heart Diseases; Zabrze Poland
| | - BEATA ŚREDNIAWA
- From the Department of Cardiology; Congenital Heart Disease and Electrotherapy; Silesian Medical University; Silesian Centre for Heart Diseases; Zabrze Poland
| | - JOANNA BOIDOL
- From the Department of Cardiology; Congenital Heart Disease and Electrotherapy; Silesian Medical University; Silesian Centre for Heart Diseases; Zabrze Poland
| | - JACEK KOWALCZYK
- From the Department of Cardiology; Congenital Heart Disease and Electrotherapy; Silesian Medical University; Silesian Centre for Heart Diseases; Zabrze Poland
| | - TOMASZ PODOLECKI
- From the Department of Cardiology; Congenital Heart Disease and Electrotherapy; Silesian Medical University; Silesian Centre for Heart Diseases; Zabrze Poland
| | - GRZEGORZ MENCEL
- From the Department of Cardiology; Congenital Heart Disease and Electrotherapy; Silesian Medical University; Silesian Centre for Heart Diseases; Zabrze Poland
| | - ZBIGNIEW KALARUS
- From the Department of Cardiology; Congenital Heart Disease and Electrotherapy; Silesian Medical University; Silesian Centre for Heart Diseases; Zabrze Poland
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Bajraktari G, Rönn F, Ibrahimi P, Jashari F, Lindmark K, Jensen SM, Henein MY. Combined electrical and global markers of dyssynchrony predict clinical response to cardiac resynchronization therapy. SCAND CARDIOVASC J 2014; 48:304-10. [PMID: 25117854 DOI: 10.3109/14017431.2014.950601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess potential additional value of global left ventricular (LV) dyssynchrony markers in predicting cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) response in heart failure (HF) patients. METHODS We included 103 HF patients (mean age 67 ± 12 years, 83% male) who fulfilled the guidelines criteria for CRT treatment. All patients had undergone full clinical assessment, NT-proBNP and echocardiographic examination. Global LV dyssynchrony was assessed using total isovolumic time (t-IVT) and Tei index. On the basis of reduction in the NYHA class after CRT, patients were divided into responders and non-responders. RESULTS Prolonged t-IVT [0.878 (range, 0.802-0.962), p = 0.005], long QRS duration [0.978 (range, 0.960-0.996), p = 0.02] and high tricuspid regurgitation pressure drop [1.047 (range, 1.001-1.096), p = 0.046] independently predicted response to CRT. A t-IVT ≥ 11.6 s/min was 67% sensitive and 62% specific (AUC 0.69, p = 0.001) in predicting CRT response. Respective values for a QRS ≥ 151 ms were 66% and 62% (AUC 0.65, p = 0.01). Combining the two variables had higher specificity (88%) in predicting CRT response. In atrial fibrillation (AF) patients, only prolonged t-IVT [0.690 (range, 0.509-0.937), p = 0.03] independently predicted CRT response. CONCLUSION Combining prolonged t-IVT and the conventionally used broad QRS duration has a significantly higher specificity in identifying patients likely to respond to CRT. Moreover, in AF patients, only prolonged t-IVT independently predicted CRT response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gani Bajraktari
- Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University , Umeå , Sweden
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Finegold JA, Raphael CE, Levy WC, Whinnett Z, Francis DP. Quantification of survival gain from cardiac resynchronization therapy: nonlinear growth with time, and greater gain in low-risk patients, make raw trial data an underestimate of real-world behavior. J Am Coll Cardiol 2013; 62:2406-2413. [PMID: 23988700 PMCID: PMC3866660 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.07.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2013] [Revised: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to examine the impact of calculation-window duration on lifespan gain (as observed in trials) and on who gains most. BACKGROUND The landmark trials of biventricular pacing (cardiac resynchronization therapy [CRT]) typically ran for <1 device battery life, and they may therefore underestimate lifespan benefit over longer durations. METHODS We conducted a meta-analysis of biventricular pacing trials to calculate lifespan gained: first, within the duration of randomized controlled trial data up to 2 years; second, over a 5-year typical battery life; and third, over >1 battery life. Importantly, we applied the Gompertz method for age-related increase in mortality from non-CRT-preventable causes. RESULTS Five landmark trials (COMPANION [Comparison of Medical Therapy, Pacing, and Defibrillation in Heart Failure], CARE-HF (CArdiac REsynchronization-Heart Failure), MADIT-CRT [Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial With Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy], REVERSE [Resynchronization Reverses Remodeling in Systolic Left Ventricular Dysfunction], RAFT (Resynchronization-Defibrillation for Ambulatory Heart Failure)) provided data for 2 years (6,561 patients), with an average hazard ratio of 0.71. Lifespan gained across all trials increased nonlinearly with time from 0.1 month at 1 year, to 0.5 month at 2 years, and a projected 6.5 months at 5 years (65 times more than at 1 year). After multiple devices, it reached 14 months, involving on average 1.6 devices (i.e., 8.8 months per device implanted). Moreover, while over a short window (e.g., 2 years), lower-mortality patients may gain less than higher-mortality patients (1.4 vs. 2.3 months), their positions reverse by 15 years (16.0 vs. 13.7 months). CONCLUSIONS Lifespan gain from biventricular pacing rises nonlinearly with time. Early on, higher-risk patients exhibit more gain, but later, lower-risk patients exhibit more gain. Quantifying gain over less than a patient's lifetime underestimates lifespan gain. Over the first 1 or 2 years, lower-risk patients may seem to gain less, although they may ultimately be the ones who gain the most.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith A Finegold
- International Centre for Circulatory Health, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Claire E Raphael
- International Centre for Circulatory Health, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wayne C Levy
- Division of Cardiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Zachary Whinnett
- International Centre for Circulatory Health, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Darrel P Francis
- International Centre for Circulatory Health, National Heart and Lung Institute, London, United Kingdom
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The Year in Review of Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology. J Am Coll Cardiol 2013; 62:2433-2447. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.09.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Revised: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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A Review of JACC Articles on the Topic of Heart Rhythm Disorders: 2011–2012. J Am Coll Cardiol 2013; 62:e451-e519. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Abstract
Important advances have been made in the past few years in the fields of clinical cardiac electrophysiology and pacing. Researchers and clinicians have a greater understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying atrial fibrillation (AF), which has transpired into improved methods of detection, risk stratification, and treatments. The introduction of novel oral anticoagulants has provided clinicians with alternative options in managing patients with AF at moderate to high thromboembolic risk and further data has been emerging on the use of catheter ablation for the treatment of symptomatic AF. Another area of intense research in the field of cardiac arrhythmias and pacing is in the use of cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) for the treatment of patients with heart failure. Following the publication of major landmark randomised controlled trials reporting that CRT confers a survival advantage in patients with severe heart failure and improves symptoms, many subsequent studies have been performed to further refine the selection of patients for CRT and determine the clinical characteristics associated with a favourable response. The field of sudden cardiac death and implantable cardioverter defibrillators also continues to be actively researched, with important new epidemiological and clinical data emerging on improved methods for patient selection, risk stratification, and management. This review covers the major recent advances in these areas related to cardiac arrhythmias and pacing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reginald Liew
- Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
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37
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Lewis EF. Assessing the impact of heart failure therapeutics on quality of life and functional capacity. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE 2013; 15:425-36. [PMID: 23625508 DOI: 10.1007/s11936-013-0249-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OPINION STATEMENT Chronic heart failure (CHF) is an increasingly common disorder with major impact on morbidity and mortality. Goals of therapy include improving survival, attenuating progression of disease, improving functional capacity, and improving health-related quality of life (HRQL). Although there are multiple HRQL instruments that are psychometrically valid, concerns exist on the ability to reliably measure HRQL concepts. Nevertheless, there has been an emphasis on improving HRQL and thus novel therapies and clinical trials have included HRQL assessment routinely. Nonpharmacologic interventions have made a greater impact on HRQL, including the use of transcutaneous aortic valve replacement, left ventricular assist devices, and cardiac resynchronization devices. Pharmacologic therapies have resulted in modest improvements in HRQL and these improvements are often not clinically meaningful to the patient and not lasting beyond 6 months. As novel therapies are developed for CHF patients, researchers must: (a) identify mechanisms that may meaningfully improve HRQL, (b) develop better instruments to measure HRQL, and (c) target the right population with enough impairment in their sense of well-being to enable an intervention to work. The recent publication of the Food and Drug Administration Draft Guidance for Use of Patient-Reported Outcome measures in clinical trials has served as the foundation for more robust trial design using these HRQL measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eldrin F Lewis
- Center for Advanced Heart Disease, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA,
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Jankowska EA, Kirwan BA, Kosiborod M, Butler J, Anker SD, McDonagh T, Dorobantu M, Drozdz J, Filippatos G, Keren A, Khintibidze I, Kragten H, Martinez FA, Metra M, Milicic D, Nicolau JC, Ohlsson M, Parkhomenko A, Pascual-Figal DA, Ruschitzka F, Sim D, Skouri H, van der Meer P, Lewis BS, Comin-Colet J, von Haehling S, Cohen-Solal A, Danchin N, Doehner W, Dargie HJ, Motro M, Friede T, Fabien V, Dorigotti F, Pocock S, Ponikowski P. The effect of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose on health-related quality of life in iron-deficient patients with acute heart failure: the results of the AFFIRM-AHF study. Eur Heart J 2011; 42:3011-3020. [PMID: 34080008 PMCID: PMC8370759 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Patients with heart failure (HF) and iron deficiency experience poor health-related quality of life (HRQoL). We evaluated the impact of intravenous (IV) ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) vs. placebo on HRQoL for the AFFIRM-AHF population. METHODS AND RESULTS The baseline 12-item Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ-12), which was completed for 1058 (535 and 523) patients in the FCM and placebo groups, respectively, was administered prior to randomization and at Weeks 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, 36, and 52. The baseline KCCQ-12 overall summary score (OSS) mean ± standard error was 38.7 ± 0.9 (FCM group) and 37.1 ± 0.8 (placebo group); corresponding values for the clinical summary score (CSS) were 40.9 ± 0.9 and 40.1 ± 0.9. At Week 2, changes in OSS and CSS were similar for FCM and placebo. From Week 4 to Week 24, patients assigned to FCM had significantly greater improvements in OSS and CSS scores vs. placebo [adjusted mean difference (95% confidence interval, CI) at Week 4: 2.9 (0.5-5.3, P = 0.018) for OSS and 2.8 (0.3-5.3, P = 0.029) for CSS; adjusted mean difference (95% CI) at Week 24: 3.0 (0.3-5.6, P = 0.028) for OSS and 2.9 (0.2-5.6, P = 0.035) for CSS]. At Week 52, the treatment effect had attenuated but remained in favour of FCM. CONCLUSION In iron-deficient patients with HF and left ventricular ejection fraction <50% who had stabilized after an episode of acute HF, treatment with IV FCM, compared with placebo, results in clinically meaningful beneficial effects on HRQoL as early as 4 weeks after treatment initiation, lasting up to Week 24.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bridget-Anne Kirwan
- Department of Clinical Research, SOCAR Research SA, Chemin de Chantemerle 18, 1260 Nyon, Switzerland,London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University College London, Keppel St, Bloomsbury, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Mikhail Kosiborod
- Saint Luke’s Mid America Heart Institute and University of Missouri-Kansas City, 4401 Wornhall Rd, Kansas City, MO 64111, USA
| | - Javed Butler
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Stefan D Anker
- Charité, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Theresa McDonagh
- King’s College Hospital, Denmark Hill, Brixton, London SE5 9RS, UK,King’s College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Maria Dorobantu
- Cardiology Department, Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Calea Floreasca 8, Bucharest 014461, Romania
| | - Jarosław Drozdz
- Department Cardiology, Medical University of Lodz, al. Tadeusza Kościuszki 4, 90-149 Lodz, Poland
| | - Gerasimos Filippatos
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Failure Unit, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Athens University Hospital Attiko, Athens 157 72, Greece
| | - Andre Keren
- Assuta Hashalom, Assuta Hospitals, HaBarzel St 20, Tel Aviv-Yafo, Israel
| | | | - Hans Kragten
- Maastricht University Medical Center, P. Debyelaan 25, 6229 Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Felipe A Martinez
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, International Society of Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy, Av. Haya de la Torre s/n, Argentina
| | - Marco Metra
- Department of Cardiology, University and Civil Hospital, Piazzale Spedali Civilli, 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Davor Milicic
- University Hospital Center Zagreb, Kišpatićeva ul. 12, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - José C Nicolau
- Instituto do Coracao (InCor), Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Enéas Carvalho de Aguiar, 44 - Cerqueira César, Sao Paulo-SP, 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Marcus Ohlsson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Skane University Hospital Malmo, Carl-Bertil Laurells gata 9, 214 28 Malmo, Sweden
| | - Alexander Parkhomenko
- The M.D. Strazhesko Institute of Cardiology, Narodnoho Opolchennya St, 5, Kyiv 03680, Ukraine
| | - Domingo A Pascual-Figal
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Ctra. Madrid-Cartagena, s/n, 30120 El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
| | - Frank Ruschitzka
- UniversitätsSpietal Zürich, Klinik für Kardiologie, Rämistrasse 100, 8006 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - David Sim
- National Heart Center, Clinical Translational and Research Office, 5 Hospital Dr, Singapore 169609
| | - Hadi Skouri
- American University of Beirut, Medical Center Beirut, Maamari Street - Hamra, 1107 2020 Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Peter van der Meer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Basil S Lewis
- Lady Davies Carmel Medical Center, Clinical Cardiovascular Research Institute, 21 Ehud Street, Haifa, Haifa District, Israel
| | - Josep Comin-Colet
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Bellvitge and IDIBELL, University of Barcelona, Gran Via de l’Hospitalet, 199 08908, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stephan von Haehling
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Göttingen, 37099 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alain Cohen-Solal
- Hospital Lariboisière, INSERM, 2 Rue Ambroise Paré, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Danchin
- European Hospital Georges Pompidou, 20 Rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Wolfram Doehner
- BCRT—Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Föhrer Str. 15, 13353; Department of Cardiology (Virchow Campus), Charité- Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Pl. 1, 13353; and German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Potsdamer Straße 58, 10785 Berlin, Germany
| | - Henry J Dargie
- Robertson Center for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Boyd Orr Building University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Michael Motro
- Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University, Sackler School of Medicine, 6997801 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tim Friede
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Göttingen, 37099 Göttingen, Germany,Department of Medical Statistics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Vincent Fabien
- Vifor Pharma Ltd, Flughofstrasse 61, P.O. Box 8152, Glattbrugg, Switzerland
| | - Fabio Dorigotti
- Vifor Pharma Ltd, Flughofstrasse 61, P.O. Box 8152, Glattbrugg, Switzerland
| | - Stuart Pocock
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University College London, Keppel St, Bloomsbury, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Piotr Ponikowski
- Department of Heart Diseases, Wrocław Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland,Center for Heart Diseases, University Hospital in Wrocław, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
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