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Wołowiec Ł, Rogowicz D, Budzyński J, Banach J, Wołowiec A, Kozakiewicz M, Bieliński M, Jaśniak A, Osiak J, Grześk G. Prognostic value of plasma secretoneurin concentration in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction in one-year follow-up. Ann Med 2024; 56:2305309. [PMID: 38261566 PMCID: PMC10810662 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2305309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This is the first study to examine the clinical utility of measuring plasma secretoneurin (SN) levels in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), as a predictor of unplanned hospitalization, and all-cause mortality independently, and as a composite endpoint at one-year follow-up. METHODS The study group includes 124 caucasian patients in New York Heart Association (NYHA) classes II to IV. Plasma SN concentrations were statistically analyzed in relation to sex, age, BMI, etiology of HFrEF, pharmacotherapy, clinical, laboratory and echocardiographic parameters. Samples were collected within 24 h of admission to the hospital. KEY RESULTS In the 12-month follow-up, high SN levels were noted for all three endpoints. CONCLUSIONS SN positively correlates with HF severity measured by NYHA classes and proves to be a useful prognostic parameter in predicting unplanned hospitalizations and all-cause mortality among patients with HFrEF. Patients with high SN levels may benefit from systematic follow-up and may be candidates for more aggressive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Wołowiec
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Daniel Rogowicz
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Jacek Budzyński
- Department of Vascular and Internal Diseases, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Joanna Banach
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Anna Wołowiec
- Department of Geriatrics, Division of Biochemistry and Biogerontology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Mariusz Kozakiewicz
- Department of Geriatrics, Division of Biochemistry and Biogerontology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Maciej Bieliński
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Albert Jaśniak
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Joanna Osiak
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Grześk
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
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Theurl M, Dichtl W. Is Local Secretoneurin Release a Defense Strategy of the Heart to Protect Itself from Takotsubo Syndrome? Cardiology 2024:1-2. [PMID: 38889705 DOI: 10.1159/000539523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Theurl
- University Clinic of Internal Medicine III, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Dichtl
- University Clinic of Internal Medicine III, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria,
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Røsjø H, Solberg OG, Aaberge L, Bosse G, Omland T, Stavem K, Myhre PL. Trans-Cardiac Gradient of Secretoneurin in Patients with Takotsubo Syndrome. Cardiology 2024:1-6. [PMID: 38663366 DOI: 10.1159/000539094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Secretoneurin (SN) is a novel biomarker that provides prognostic information in patients with cardiovascular disease. In experimental models, SN production is increased in the failing myocardium. Currently, no information is available on SN production in human myocardium. Accordingly, we wanted to determine the trans-cardiac gradient of SN in patients with Takotsubo syndrome (TTS), and to correlate circulating SN concentrations with indices of cardiac structure and function. METHODS We included 15 women diagnosed with TTS according to established criteria. Plasma SN concentrations were measured in blood samples obtained simultaneously from the aortic root and the coronary sinus. Coronary physiology was assessed by invasive measurements, and we used cardiac magnetic resonance imaging to determine left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and cardiac mass. RESULTS Median age was 65 years and median LVEF was 45%. Median SN concentration was 39 (25th-75th percentile 31-44) pmol/L in the coronary sinus and 37 (30-41) pmol/L in the aortic root (p = 0.02 for difference). SN concentrations in the aortic root showed the highest correlations with N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide (rho = 0.47) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (rho = -0.41). In contrast, we found weak correlations between SN concentrations and index of myocardial resistance (rho = 0.12), LVEF (rho = 0.08), and cardiac mass (rho = -0.09). CONCLUSION We demonstrate a positive trans-cardiac gradient of SN in patients with TTS, which supports the hypothesis that SN is produced and released in the human myocardium in situations of myocardial dysfunction and stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helge Røsjø
- Akershus Clinical Research Center (ACR), Division of Research and Innovation, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Biomarkers, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ole Geir Solberg
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars Aaberge
- Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gerhard Bosse
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Torbjørn Omland
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Biomarkers, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Knut Stavem
- Division of Medicine, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Research and Innovation, Department of Health Services Research, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Peder L Myhre
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Biomarkers, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
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Mitterer W, Odri Komazec I, Huber E, Schaefer B, Posod A, Kiechl-Kohlendorfer U. Young hearts, early risks: novel cardiovascular biomarkers in former very preterm infants at kindergarten age. Pediatr Res 2024:10.1038/s41390-024-03210-7. [PMID: 38658663 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-024-03210-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preterm birth is associated with long-term cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In adults, fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23), α-Klotho, and secretoneurin have all garnered attention as cardiovascular biomarkers, but their utility in pediatric populations has not yet been ascertained. The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate these novel cardiovascular biomarkers and their association with indicators of cardiovascular impairment in the highly vulnerable population of former very preterm infants. METHODS Five- to seven-year-old children born at < 32 weeks' gestation were eligible for the study. Healthy same-aged children born at term served as controls. Biomarkers were quantified in fasting blood samples, and echocardiographic measurements including assessment of aortic elastic properties were obtained. RESULTS We included 26 former very preterm infants and 21 term-born children in the study. At kindergarten age, former very preterm infants exhibited significantly higher plasma concentrations of biologically active intact FGF-23 (iFGF-23; mean 43.2 pg/mL vs. 29.1 pg/mL, p = 0.003) and secretoneurin (median 93.8 pmol/L vs. 70.5 pmol/L, p = 0.046). iFGF-23 inversely correlated with distensibility of the descending aorta. CONCLUSION In preterm-born children, iFGF-23 and secretoneurin both offer prospects as valuable cardiovascular biomarkers, potentially allowing for risk stratification and timely implementation of preventive measures. IMPACT Former very preterm infants have increased plasma concentrations of the novel cardiovascular biomarkers intact fibroblast growth factor-23 (iFGF-23) and secretoneurin at kindergarten age. Increases in iFGF-23 concentrations are associated with decreased distensibility of the descending aorta even at this early age. Monitoring of cardiovascular risk factors is essential in individuals with a history of preterm birth. Both iFGF-23 and secretoneurin hold promise as clinically valuable biomarkers for risk stratification, enabling the implementation of early preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Mitterer
- Department of Pediatrics II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- VASCage GmbH, Research Centre on Vascular Ageing and Stroke, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Irena Odri Komazec
- Department of Pediatrics III, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Eva Huber
- Department of Pediatrics II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Benedikt Schaefer
- Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Anna Posod
- Department of Pediatrics II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Aakre KM, Lyngbakken MN, Faaren AL, Røsjø H, Dalen H, Omland T. Reference intervals of circulating secretoneurin concentrations determined in a large cohort of community dwellers: the HUNT study. Clin Chem Lab Med 2024; 0:cclm-2024-0154. [PMID: 38564801 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2024-0154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Secretoneurin (SN) is a novel cardiac biomarker that associates with the risk of mortality and dysfunctional cardiomyocyte Ca2+ handling in heart failure patients. Reference intervals for SN are unknown. METHODS SN was measured with a CE-marked ELISA in healthy community dwellers from the fourth wave of the Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT4) conducted in 2017-2019. The common, sex and age specific 90th, 95th, 97.5th and 99th percentiles were calculated using the non-parametric method and outlier exclusion according to the Reed test. The applicability of sex and age specific reference intervals were investigated using Harris and Boyd test. We also estimated the percentiles in a subset with normal findings on echocardiographic screening. RESULTS The total cohort included 887 persons (56.4 % women). After echocardiographic screening 122 persons were excluded, leaving a total of 765 persons (57.8 % women). The 97.5th percentile (95 % CI in brackets) of SN was 59.7 (57.5-62.1) pmol/L in the total population and 58.6 (57.1-62.1) pmol/L after echocardiography screening. In general, slightly higher percentiles were found in women and elderly participants, but less than 4 % in these subgroups had concentrations deviating from the common 97.5th percentile. Low BMI or eGFR was also associated with higher concentrations of SN. CONCLUSIONS Upper reference limits for SN were similar amongst healthy adult community dwellers regardless of prescreening including cardiac echocardiography or not. Women and elderly showed higher concentrations of SN, but the differences were not sufficiently large to justify age and sex stratified upper reference limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin M Aakre
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, 60498 Haukeland University Hospital , Bergen, Norway
- Department of Heart Disease, 60498 Haukeland University Hospital , Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Magnus N Lyngbakken
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Medicine, 60483 Akershus University Hospital , Lørenskog, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Biomarkers, 60504 Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo , Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Helge Røsjø
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Biomarkers, 60504 Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo , Oslo, Norway
- Akershus Clinical Research Center (ACR), Division of Research and Innovation, 60483 Akershus University Hospital , Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Håvard Dalen
- Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Cardiology, St Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Medicine, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
| | - Torbjørn Omland
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Medicine, 60483 Akershus University Hospital , Lørenskog, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Biomarkers, 60504 Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo , Oslo, Norway
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Plášek J, Dodulík J, Lazárová M, Stejskal D, Švagera Z, Chobolová N, Šulc P, Evin L, Purová D, Václavík J. Secretoneurin levels are higher in dilated cardiomyopathy than in ischaemic cardiomyopathy: preliminary results. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 10:1297900. [PMID: 38259301 PMCID: PMC10800804 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1297900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Secretoneurin (SN) is a neuropeptide with potential utility as a biomarker of cardiovascular episodes. The main effect of SN is mediated through its inhibition of calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII), which influences calcium handling. We aimed to associate the levels of SN in plasma with different causes of heart failure. Methods We prospectively enrolled consecutive patients with ischaemic (ICM) and dilated (DCM) cardiomyopathy from the outpatient heart failure clinic and healthy individuals. SN was analysed from venous blood by use of the ELISA method. SN plasma levels were compared in DCM, ICM and healthy individuals with non-parametric tests. Results A total of 53 patients (81.1% male, 18.9% female; mean age 67.9 ± 12.6 years) and 34 healthy individuals (38% male, 62% female) were included in the analysis. Plasma SN levels were significantly higher in the dilated cardiomyopathy (38.8 ± 27 pmol/L) as compared with the ischaemic cardiomyopathy (19.7 ± 22.6 pmol/L) group (P = 0.006). There was no significant difference between females vs. males (27.1 ± 23 vs. 25.5 ± 26.2 pmol/L, P = NS). Plasma SN levels allowed DCM and ICM to be differentiated with 88% sensitivity and 61% specificity (P = 0.007), the cut of value is 13.3 pmol/L. Plasma SN levels differed significantly between healthy volunteers and both ICM (P < 0.0001) and DCM (P = 0.049). Plasma SN levels did not differ according to age and were not associated with comorbidities, left ventricular ejection fraction, heart failure medication, troponin, creatinine, or natriuretic peptide plasma levels. Conclusion Plasma secretoneurin levels differed significantly in DCM vs. ICM, being higher in the former. Based on plasma SN levels, discrimination between DCM and ICM might be possible. Healthy individuals produce higher SN plasma levels than stable HFrEF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Plášek
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
- Research Center for Internal and Cardiovascular Diseases Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - Jozef Dodulík
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - Marie Lazárová
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - David Stejskal
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - Zdeněk Švagera
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - Nela Chobolová
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - Patrik Šulc
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - Lukáš Evin
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
- Research Center for Internal and Cardiovascular Diseases Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - Dana Purová
- Social Health Institute, Palacky University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Jan Václavík
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
- Research Center for Internal and Cardiovascular Diseases Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
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Wu ZM, Huang K, Dai Y, Chen S, Wang XQ, Yang CD, Li LY, Liu JM, Lu L, Zhang RY, Shen WF, Shen Y, Ding FH. Circulating secretoneurin level reflects angiographic coronary collateralization in stable angina patients with chronic total occlusion. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2024; 24:33. [PMID: 38184555 PMCID: PMC10771680 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03645-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between circulating secretoneurin (SN) and angiographic coronary collateralization in stable angina patients with chronic coronary total occlusion (CTO). METHODS SN concentrations in serum were measured in 641 stable angina patients with CTO by radioimmunoassay. The status of coronary collaterals from the contra-lateral vessel was visually estimated using the Rentrop grading system, and was categorized into poor (grade 0 or 1) or good (grade 2 or 3) collateralization. RESULTS Serum SN levels were significantly higher in patients with good coronary collaterals compared to those with poor collaterals (175.23 ± 52.09 pmol/L vs. 143.29 ± 42.01 pmol/L, P < 0.001). Serum SN increased stepwise across Rentrop score 0 to 3 (P < 0.001), and increasing SN tertiles were associated with higher proportion of good coronary collateralization (OR, 1.907; 95% CI, 1.558 ~ 2.335, P < 0.001). After adjustment for confounding variables, serum SN (per tertile) remained an independent factor for predicting good coronary collaterals (OR, 1.870; 95% CI, 1.515 ~ 2.309; P < 0.001). Moreover, the diagnostic value of serum SN (per tertile) was consistent after stratifying patients based on gender, age, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, history of smoking, severity of coronary artery disease and kidney function (OR: 1.511 ~ 2.680, P interaction ≥ 0.327). CONCLUSION Elevated circulating SN reflects good angiographic coronary collaterals in stable angina patients with CTO. The findings may provide insight into decision-making for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Ming Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China
| | - Ke Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China
| | - Yang Dai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Qun Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China
| | - Chen Die Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China
| | - Le Ying Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China
| | - Jing Meng Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China
| | - Lin Lu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China
| | - Rui Yan Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China
| | - Wei Feng Shen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China
| | - Ying Shen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China.
| | - Feng Hua Ding
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Rui Jin Road II, Shanghai, 200025, P.R. China.
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, P.R. China.
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Røsjø H, Meessen J, Ottesen AH, Latini R, Omland T. Prognostic value of secretoneurin in chronic heart failure. Data from the GISSI-Heart Failure trial. Clin Biochem 2023:110595. [PMID: 37277028 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2023.110595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating secretoneurin (SN) concentrations have been found to provide prognostic information in patients with acute heart failure. We wanted to assess whether SN would improve prognostication also in patients with chronic heart failure (HF) in a large multicenter trial. METHODS We measured plasma SN concentrations at randomization (n=1224) and after 3 months (n=1103) in patients with chronic, stable HF from the GISSI-HF study. The co-primary endpoints were (1) time to death or (2) admission to hospital for cardiovascular reasons. RESULTS Mean age was 67 years and 80% were male. Median (quartile 1-3) SN concentrations were 42.6 (35.0-62.8) pmol/L on randomization and 42.0 (34.5-53.1) pmol/L after 3 months, which are higher than SN concentrations in healthy subjects. Higher SN concentrations at randomization were associated with lower body-mass index (BMI), lower systolic blood pressure, lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), higher B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) concentrations, and diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. During median follow-up of 3.9 years, 344 patients (27.0%) died. After adjusting for age, sex, left ventricular ejection fraction, BMI, functional class, ischemic etiology, heart rate, blood pressure, eGFR, bilirubin, comorbidities, and BNP concentrations, logarithmically transformed SN concentrations on randomization were associated with mortality (HR 2.60 (95% CI 1.01-6.70), p=0.047). SN concentrations were also associated with admission to hospital for cardiovascular reasons, but the association was attenuated and no longer significant in multivariable analysis. CONCLUSION Plasma SN concentrations provided incremental prognostic information to established risk indices and biomarkers in a large cohort of chronic HF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helge Røsjø
- Division of Research and Innovation, Akershus University Hospital, Lorenskog, Norway; K. G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Biomarkers, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jennifer Meessen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Anett Hellebø Ottesen
- Division of Research and Innovation, Akershus University Hospital, Lorenskog, Norway; K. G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Biomarkers, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Roberto Latini
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Torbjørn Omland
- K. G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Biomarkers, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Cardiology, Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lorenskog, Norway.
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Plášek J, Lazárová M, Dodulík J, Šulc P, Stejskal D, Švagera Z, Všianský F, Václavík J. Secretoneurin as a Novel Biomarker of Cardiovascular Episodes: Are We There Yet? A Narrative Review. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11237191. [PMID: 36498765 PMCID: PMC9735894 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11237191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Secretoneurin (SN) is a 33 amino-acid evolutionary conserved neuropeptide from the chromogranin peptide family. SN's main effects may be cardioprotective and are believed to be mediated through its inhibition of calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII), which influences intracellular calcium handling. SN inhibition of CaMKII suppresses calcium leakage from the sarcoplasmic reticulum through the ryanodine receptor. This action may reduce the risk of ventricular arrhythmias and calcium-dependent remodelling in heart failure. SN is also involved in reducing the intracellular reactive oxygen species concentration, modulating the immune response, and regulating the cell cycle, including apoptosis. SN can predict mortality in different disease states, beyond the classical risk factors and markers of myocardial injury. Plasma SN levels are elevated soon after an arrhythmogenic episode. In summary, SN is a novel biomarker with potential in cardiovascular medicine, and probably beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Plášek
- Dept. of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Ostrava, 70800 Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Research Center for Internal and Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 70300 Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-776-658-598
| | - Marie Lazárová
- Dept. of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Ostrava, 70800 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Jozef Dodulík
- Dept. of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Ostrava, 70800 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Patrik Šulc
- Dept. of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Ostrava, 70800 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - David Stejskal
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Ostrava, 70800 Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University of Ostrava, 70103 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Švagera
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Ostrava, 70800 Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University of Ostrava, 70103 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - František Všianský
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Ostrava, 70800 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Václavík
- Dept. of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, University Hospital Ostrava, 70800 Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Research Center for Internal and Cardiovascular Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 70300 Ostrava, Czech Republic
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Oknińska M, Mączewski M, Mackiewicz U. Ventricular arrhythmias in acute myocardial ischaemia-Focus on the ageing and sex. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 81:101722. [PMID: 36038114 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Annually, approximately 17 million people die from cardiovascular diseases worldwide, half of them suddenly. The most common direct cause of sudden cardiac death is ventricular arrhythmia triggered by an acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The study summarizes the knowledge of the mechanisms of arrhythmia onset during ACS in humans and in animal models and factors that may influence the susceptibility to life-threatening arrhythmias during ACS with particular focus on the age and sex. The real impact of age and sex on the arrhythmic susceptibility within the setting of acute ischaemia is masked by the fact that ACSs result from coronary artery disease appearing with age much earlier among men than among women. However, results of researches show that in ageing process changes with potential pro-arrhythmic significance, such as increased fibrosis, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, decrease number of gap junction channels, disturbances of the intracellular Ca2+ signalling or changes in electrophysiological parameters, occur independently of the development of cardiovascular diseases and are more severe in male individuals. A review of the literature also indicates a marked paucity of research in this area in female and elderly individuals. Greater awareness of sex differences in the aging process could help in the development of personalized prevention methods targeting potential pro-arrhythmic factors in patients of both sexes to reduce mortality during the acute phase of myocardial infarction. This is especially important in an era of aging populations in which women will predominate due to their longer lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Oknińska
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Mączewski
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Urszula Mackiewicz
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland.
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11
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Carlson CR, Aronsen JM, Bergan-Dahl A, Moutty MC, Lunde M, Lunde PK, Jarstadmarken H, Wanichawan P, Pereira L, Kolstad TRS, Dalhus B, Subramanian H, Hille S, Christensen G, Müller OJ, Nikolaev V, Bers DM, Sjaastad I, Shen X, Louch WE, Klussmann E, Sejersted OM. AKAP18δ Anchors and Regulates CaMKII Activity at Phospholamban-SERCA2 and RYR. Circ Res 2022; 130:27-44. [PMID: 34814703 PMCID: PMC9500498 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.120.317976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+-ATPase 2 (SERCA2) mediates Ca2+ reuptake into SR and thereby promotes cardiomyocyte relaxation, whereas the ryanodine receptor (RYR) mediates Ca2+ release from SR and triggers contraction. Ca2+/CaMKII (CaM [calmodulin]-dependent protein kinase II) regulates activities of SERCA2 through phosphorylation of PLN (phospholamban) and RYR through direct phosphorylation. However, the mechanisms for CaMKIIδ anchoring to SERCA2-PLN and RYR and its regulation by local Ca2+ signals remain elusive. The objective of this study was to investigate CaMKIIδ anchoring and regulation at SERCA2-PLN and RYR. METHODS A role for AKAP18δ (A-kinase anchoring protein 18δ) in CaMKIIδ anchoring and regulation was analyzed by bioinformatics, peptide arrays, cell-permeant peptide technology, immunoprecipitations, pull downs, transfections, immunoblotting, proximity ligation, FRET-based CaMKII activity and ELISA-based assays, whole cell and SR vesicle fluorescence imaging, high-resolution microscopy, adenovirus transduction, adenoassociated virus injection, structural modeling, surface plasmon resonance, and alpha screen technology. RESULTS Our results show that AKAP18δ anchors and directly regulates CaMKIIδ activity at SERCA2-PLN and RYR, via 2 distinct AKAP18δ regions. An N-terminal region (AKAP18δ-N) inhibited CaMKIIδ through binding of a region homologous to the natural CaMKII inhibitor peptide and the Thr17-PLN region. AKAP18δ-N also bound CaM, introducing a second level of control. Conversely, AKAP18δ-C, which shares homology to neuronal CaMKIIα activator peptide (N2B-s), activated CaMKIIδ by lowering the apparent Ca2+ threshold for kinase activation and inducing CaM trapping. While AKAP18δ-C facilitated faster Ca2+ reuptake by SERCA2 and Ca2+ release through RYR, AKAP18δ-N had opposite effects. We propose a model where the 2 unique AKAP18δ regions fine-tune Ca2+-frequency-dependent activation of CaMKIIδ at SERCA2-PLN and RYR. CONCLUSIONS AKAP18δ anchors and functionally regulates CaMKII activity at PLN-SERCA2 and RYR, indicating a crucial role of AKAP18δ in regulation of the heartbeat. To our knowledge, this is the first protein shown to enhance CaMKII activity in heart and also the first AKAP (A-kinase anchoring protein) reported to anchor a CaMKII isoform, defining AKAP18δ also as a CaM-KAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathrine R. Carlson
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Magnus Aronsen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo Norway,Department of Pharmacology, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Anna Bergan-Dahl
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,The KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marie Christine Moutty
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Marianne Lunde
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,The KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Per Kristian Lunde
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,The KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hilde Jarstadmarken
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pimthanya Wanichawan
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Laetitia Pereira
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Terje RS Kolstad
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,The KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjørn Dalhus
- Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, 0424 Oslo, Norway,Department of Medical Biochemistry, Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Hariharan Subramanian
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Susanne Hille
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany,Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Geir Christensen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,The KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Oliver J. Müller
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany,Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Viacheslav Nikolaev
- Institute of Experimental Cardiovascular Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
| | - Donald M. Bers
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Ivar Sjaastad
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,The KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Xin Shen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,The KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - William E. Louch
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,The KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Enno Klussmann
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ole M. Sejersted
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway,The KG Jebsen Cardiac Research Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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12
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Integrative Bioinformatics Analysis Reveals That Infarct-Mediated Overexpression of Potential miR-662/CREB1 Pathway-Induced Neuropeptide VIP Is Associated with the Risk of Atrial Fibrillation: A Correlation Analysis between Myocardial Electrophysiology and Neuroendocrine. DISEASE MARKERS 2021; 2021:8116633. [PMID: 34853624 PMCID: PMC8629660 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8116633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Neuropeptide levels are closely associated with the development and maintenance of atrial fibrillation (AF) after myocardial infarction (MI). This study was aimed at investigating the regulatory network that affects neuropeptide expression through transcription factor modulation. Methods We downloaded three datasets from the GEO database, and after performing differential and crosstabulation analyses, we screened out differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs and DEmRNAs coexpressed in AF and MI and performed DEmiRNA–DEmRNA pairing prediction; from which, we constructed a regulatory network. Subsequently, the hsa-miR-662-CREB1-VIP axis was obtained, and the role of CREB1 and VIP in the development of AF after MI was further revealed by single-cell analysis and prediction model construction. Results In this study, eight DEmRNAs and four miRNAs were screened. hsa-miR-662 was identified by database integration analysis to regulate the transcription factor CREB1, a potential transcriptional regulator in VIP. CREB1 and VIP are mainly enriched in pathways of energy metabolism, ion channels, and myocardial contraction. CREB1 and VIP were identified as biomarkers of the onset and prognosis of MI and AF. Conclusions In this study, the miR-662/CREB1/VIP regulatory pathway was constructed through integrated analysis of datasets, thus providing new ideas to study the mechanisms of AF development.
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13
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Aakre KM, Ottesen AH, Strand H, Faaren AL, Alaour B, Torsvik J, Sylte MS, Marber M, Christensen G, Røsjø H, Omland T. Biological variation of secretoneurin; a novel cardiovascular biomarker implicated in arrhythmogenesis. Clin Biochem 2021; 98:74-77. [PMID: 34624255 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2021.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Secretoneurin is a novel prognostic biomarker that may predict mortality in heart failure and the occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias. This study reports the within subject variation (CVI), between subject variation (CVG), reference change values (RCV) and index of individuality (II) of secretoneurin. METHODS Thirty healthy volunteers were included. Non-fasting samples were obtained between 8 and 10 am once a week for ten weeks. Secretoneurin was analyzed in duplicate using ELISA. No outliers were present according to Burnett and Reeds' criteria. Simple linear regression did not identify significant trends. Variance homogeneity in the analytical variance and CVI were tested using Cochrane's and Bartlett's tests and four participants were excluded. Calculation of CVI, CVG and RCV were done on ln transformed data as described by Fokkema, the II was calculated using retransformed data. RESULTS The median age of the participants was 36 years and 53% were female. Non-fasting glucose, eGFR(CKD-EPI), cTnT and NT-proBNP concentrations were within the normal range. Median secretoneurin concentrations were 38 pmol/L (women) and 33 pmol/L (men), p-value < 0.001. CVI and CVG were 9.8% (CI 8.7% to 11.0%) and 20.0 (CI 15.4% to 28.0%), respectively. RCV were 38.7% (CI 35.5% to 42.7%) and -27.9 (CI -29.9 to -26.2) and the II were 0.60 (CI 0.42-0.78). No gender differences were present. CONCLUSION Secretoneurin has a fairly low CVI, CVG, RCV and II, indicating that it could be suitable as a diagnostic or prognostic biomarker and that delta values in serial samplings may be preferable for identifying clinical changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin M Aakre
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Anett H Ottesen
- Division of Research and Innovation, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Heidi Strand
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory Medicine and Medical Biochemistry, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | | | - Bashir Alaour
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Janniche Torsvik
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Marit S Sylte
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Michael Marber
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, United Kingdom
| | - Geir Christensen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Helge Røsjø
- Division of Research and Innovation, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Torbjørn Omland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Cardiology, Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
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14
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Edwards AG, Mørk H, Stokke MK, Lipsett DB, Sjaastad I, Richard S, Sejersted OM, Louch WE. Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium Release Is Required for Arrhythmogenesis in the Mouse. Front Physiol 2021; 12:744730. [PMID: 34712150 PMCID: PMC8546347 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.744730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunctional sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ handling is commonly observed in heart failure, and thought to contribute to arrhythmogenesis through several mechanisms. Some time ago we developed a cardiomyocyte-specific inducible SERCA2 knockout mouse, which is remarkable in the degree to which major adaptations to sarcolemmal Ca2+ entry and efflux overcome the deficit in SR reuptake to permit relatively normal contractile function. Conventionally, those adaptations would also be expected to dramatically increase arrhythmia susceptibility. However, that susceptibility has never been tested, and it is possible that the very rapid repolarization of the murine action potential (AP) allows for large changes in sarcolemmal Ca2+ transport without substantially disrupting electrophysiologic stability. We investigated this hypothesis through telemetric ECG recording in the SERCA2-KO mouse, and patch-clamp electrophysiology, Ca2+ imaging, and mathematical modeling of isolated SERCA2-KO myocytes. While the SERCA2-KO animals exhibit major (and unique) electrophysiologic adaptations at both the organ and cell levels, they remain resistant to arrhythmia. A marked increase in peak L-type calcium (ICaL) current and slowed ICaL decay elicited pronounced prolongation of initial repolarization, but faster late repolarization normalizes overall AP duration. Early afterdepolarizations were seldom observed in KO animals, and those that were observed exhibited a mechanism intermediate between murine and large mammal dynamical properties. As expected, spontaneous SR Ca2+ sparks and waves were virtually absent. Together these findings suggest that intact SR Ca2+ handling is an absolute requirement for triggered arrhythmia in the mouse, and that in its absence, dramatic changes to the major inward currents can be resisted by the substantial K+ current reserve, even at end-stage disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G Edwards
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Halvor Mørk
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mathis K Stokke
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - David B Lipsett
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ivar Sjaastad
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sylvain Richard
- Université de Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, PhyMedExp, Montpellier, France
| | - Ole M Sejersted
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - William E Louch
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,K.G. Jebsen Centre for Cardiac Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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15
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Myhre PL, Ottesen AH, Faaren AL, Tveit SH, Springett J, Pyylampi J, Stridsberg M, Christensen G, Høiseth AD, Omland T, Røsjø H. Performance of a Novel Research-Use-Only Secretoneurin ELISA in Patients with Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome: Comparison with an Established Secretoneurin Radioimmunoassay. Cardiology 2021; 146:566-574. [PMID: 34284402 DOI: 10.1159/000517444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating secretoneurin (SN) concentrations, as measured by established radioimmunoassay (RIA), risk stratify patients with cardiovascular disease. We now report data for a recently developed research-use-only SN enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS). METHODS SN ELISA was developed according to industry standards and tested in 401 unselected chest pain patients. Blood samples were drawn <24 h from admission, and we adjudicated all hospitalizations as ACS or non-ACS. The mean follow-up was 6.2 years. RESULTS SN ELISA with 2 monoclonal sheep anti-SN antibodies has a measuring range of 10-250 pmol/L and demonstrates excellent analytical precision and accuracy across the range of SN concentrations. SN measured by ELISA and RIA correlated in the chest pain patients: rho = 0.39, p < 0.001. SN concentrations were higher in ACS patients (n = 161 [40%]) than in non-ACS patients (n = 240) for both assays, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.66 (95% CI: 0.61-0.71) for ELISA and 0.59 (0.54-0.65) for RIA. SN concentrations were also higher in nonsurvivors (n = 65 [16%]) than survivors, with an AUC of 0.72 (0.65-0.79) for ELISA versus 0.64 (0.56-0.72) for RIA, p = 0.007, for difference between assays. Adjusting for age, sex, blood pressure, previous myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, and heart failure in multivariable analysis, SN concentrations as measured by ELISA, but not RIA, remained associated with mortality, with a hazard ratio of 1.71 (1.03-2.84), p = 0.038. CONCLUSIONS The novel SN ELISA has excellent performance, higher AUC for diagnosis, and superior prognostic accuracy compared to the established RIA in chest pain patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peder L Myhre
- Division of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anett H Ottesen
- Division for Research and Innovation, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.,Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Sjur H Tveit
- Division of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Mats Stridsberg
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Geir Christensen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
| | - Arne Didrik Høiseth
- Division of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Torbjørn Omland
- Division of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Helge Røsjø
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Division for Research and Innovation, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
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16
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The Emerging Roles of Chromogranins and Derived Polypeptides in Atherosclerosis, Diabetes, and Coronary Heart Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22116118. [PMID: 34204153 PMCID: PMC8201018 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22116118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromogranin A (CgA), B (CgB), and C (CgC), the family members of the granin glycoproteins, are associated with diabetes. These proteins are abundantly expressed in neurons, endocrine, and neuroendocrine cells. They are also present in other areas of the body. Patients with diabetic retinopathy have higher levels of CgA, CgB, and CgC in the vitreous humor. In addition, type 1 diabetic patients have high CgA and low CgB levels in the circulating blood. Plasma CgA levels are increased in patients with hypertension, coronary heart disease, and heart failure. CgA is the precursor to several functional peptides, including catestatin, vasostatin-1, vasostatin-2, pancreastatin, chromofungin, and many others. Catestatin, vasostain-1, and vasostatin-2 suppress the expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in human vascular endothelial cells. Catestatin and vasostatin-1 suppress oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced foam cell formation in human macrophages. Catestatin and vasostatin-2, but not vasostatin-1, suppress the proliferation and these three peptides suppress the migration in human vascular smooth muscles. Chronic infusion of catestatin, vasostatin-1, or vasostatin-2 suppresses the development of atherosclerosis of the aorta in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Catestatin, vasostatin-1, vasostatin-2, and chromofungin protect ischemia/reperfusion-induced myocardial dysfunction in rats. Since pancreastatin inhibits insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells, and regulates glucose metabolism in liver and adipose tissues, pancreastatin inhibitor peptide-8 (PSTi8) improves insulin resistance and glucose homeostasis. Catestatin stimulates therapeutic angiogenesis in the mouse hind limb ischemia model. Gene therapy with secretoneurin, a CgC-derived peptide, stimulates postischemic neovascularization in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice, and improves diabetic neuropathy in db/db mice. Therefore, CgA is a biomarker for atherosclerosis, diabetes, hypertension, and coronary heart disease. CgA- and CgC--derived polypeptides provide the therapeutic target for atherosclerosis and ischemia-induced tissue damages. PSTi8 is useful in the treatment of diabetes.
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17
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Mitchell K, Mikwar M, Da Fonte D, Lu C, Tao B, Peng D, Erandani WKCU, Hu W, Trudeau VL. Secretoneurin is a secretogranin-2 derived hormonal peptide in vertebrate neuroendocrine systems. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2020; 299:113588. [PMID: 32828813 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2020.113588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Secretogranin-2 (SCG2) is a large precursor protein that is processed into several potentially bioactive peptides, with the 30-43 amino acid central domain called secretoneurin (SN) being clearly evolutionary conserved in vertebrates. Secretoneurin exerts a diverse array of biological functions including regulating nervous, endocrine, and immune systems in part due to its wide tissue distribution. Expressed in some neuroendocrine neurons and pituitary cells, SN is a stimulator of the synthesis and release of luteinizing hormone from both goldfish pituitary cells and the mouse LβT2 cell line. Neuroendocrine, paracrine and autocrine signaling pathways for the stimulation of luteinizing hormone release indicate hormone-like activities to regulate reproduction. Mutation of the scg2a and scg2b genes using TALENs in zebrafish reduces sexual behavior, ovulation, oviposition, and fertility. A single injection of the SNa peptide enhanced reproductive outcomes in scg2a/scg2b double mutant zebrafish. Evidence in goldfish suggests a new role for SN to stimulate food intake by actions on other feeding-related neuropeptides. Expression and regulation of the Scg2a precursor mRNA in goldfish gut also supports a role in feeding. In rodent models, SN has trophic-like properties promoting both neuroprotection and neuronal plasticity and has chemoattractant properties that regulate neuroinflammation. Data obtained from several cellular models suggest that SN binds to and activates a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR), but a bona fide SN receptor protein needs to be identified. Other signaling pathways for SN have been reported which provides alternatives to the GPCR hypothesis. These include AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II in cardiomyocytes, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and Akt/Protein Kinase B (AKT, and MAPK in endothelial cells and Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription protein (JAK2-STAT) signaling in neurons. Some studies in cardiac cells provide evidence for cellular internalization of SN by an unknown mechanism. Many of the biological functions of SN remain to be fully characterized, which could lead to new and exciting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Mitchell
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Myy Mikwar
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Dillon Da Fonte
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Chunyu Lu
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - BinBin Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Di Peng
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | | | - Wei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Vance L Trudeau
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada.
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18
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Circulating Secretoneurin Concentrations After Cardiac Surgery: Data From the FINNish Acute Kidney Injury Heart Study. Crit Care Med 2020; 47:e412-e419. [PMID: 30730440 DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000003670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Secretoneurin is associated with cardiomyocyte Ca handling and improves risk prediction in patients with acute myocardial dysfunction. Whether secretoneurin improves risk assessment on top of established cardiac biomarkers and European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation II in patients undergoing cardiac surgery is not known. DESIGN Prospective, observational, single-center sub-study of a multicenter study. SETTING Prospective observational study of survival in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. PATIENTS A total of 619 patients undergoing cardiac surgery. INTERVENTIONS Patients underwent either isolated coronary artery bypass graft surgery, single noncoronary artery bypass graft surgery, two procedures, or three or more procedures. Procedures other than coronary artery bypass graft were valve surgery, surgery on thoracic aorta, and other cardiac surgery. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS We measured preoperative and postoperative secretoneurin concentrations and adjusted for European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation II, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, and cardiac troponin T concentrations in multivariate analyses. During 961 days of follow-up, 59 patients died (9.5%). Secretoneurin concentrations were higher among nonsurvivors compared with survivors, both before (168 pmol/L [quartile 1-3, 147-206 pmol/L] vs 160 pmol/L [131-193 pmol/L]; p = 0.039) and after cardiac surgery (173 pmol/L [129-217 pmol/L] vs 143 pmol/L [111-173 pmol/L]; p < 0.001). Secretoneurin concentrations decreased from preoperative to postoperative measurements in survivors, whereas we observed no significant decrease in secretoneurin concentrations among nonsurvivors. Secretoneurin concentrations were weakly correlated with established risk indices. Patients with the highest postoperative secretoneurin concentrations had worse outcome compared with patients with lower secretoneurin concentrations (p < 0.001 by the log-rank test) and postoperative secretoneurin concentrations were associated with time to death in multivariate Cox regression analysis: hazard ratio lnsecretoneurin 2.96 (95% CI, 1.46-5.99; p = 0.003). Adding postoperative secretoneurin concentrations to European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation II improved patient risk stratification, as assessed by the integrated discrimination index: 0.023 (95% CI, 0.0043-0.041; p = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS Circulating postoperative secretoneurin concentrations provide incremental prognostic information to established risk indices in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
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Ottesen AH, Carlson CR, Eken OS, Sadredini M, Myhre PL, Shen X, Dalhus B, Laver DR, Lunde PK, Kurola J, Lunde M, Hoff JE, Godang K, Sjaastad I, Pettilä V, Stridsberg M, Lehnart SE, Edwards AG, Lunde IG, Omland T, Stokke MK, Christensen G, Røsjø H, Louch WE. Secretoneurin Is an Endogenous Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II Inhibitor That Attenuates Ca 2+-Dependent Arrhythmia. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2020; 12:e007045. [PMID: 30943765 DOI: 10.1161/circep.118.007045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating SN (secretoneurin) concentrations are increased in patients with myocardial dysfunction and predict poor outcome. Because SN inhibits CaMKIIδ (Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIδ) activity, we hypothesized that upregulation of SN in patients protects against cardiomyocyte mechanisms of arrhythmia. METHODS Circulating levels of SN and other biomarkers were assessed in patients with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT; n=8) and in resuscitated patients after ventricular arrhythmia-induced cardiac arrest (n=155). In vivo effects of SN were investigated in CPVT mice (RyR2 [ryanodine receptor 2]-R2474S) using adeno-associated virus-9-induced overexpression. Interactions between SN and CaMKIIδ were mapped using pull-down experiments, mutagenesis, ELISA, and structural homology modeling. Ex vivo actions were tested in Langendorff hearts and effects on Ca2+ homeostasis examined by fluorescence (fluo-4) and patch-clamp recordings in isolated cardiomyocytes. RESULTS SN levels were elevated in patients with CPVT and following ventricular arrhythmia-induced cardiac arrest. In contrast to NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide) and hs-TnT (high-sensitivity troponin T), circulating SN levels declined after resuscitation, as the risk of a new arrhythmia waned. Myocardial pro-SN expression was also increased in CPVT mice, and further adeno-associated virus-9-induced overexpression of SN attenuated arrhythmic induction during stress testing with isoproterenol. Mechanistic studies mapped SN binding to the substrate binding site in the catalytic region of CaMKIIδ. Accordingly, SN attenuated isoproterenol induced autophosphorylation of Thr287-CaMKIIδ in Langendorff hearts and inhibited CaMKIIδ-dependent RyR phosphorylation. In line with CaMKIIδ and RyR inhibition, SN treatment decreased Ca2+ spark frequency and dimensions in cardiomyocytes during isoproterenol challenge, and reduced the incidence of Ca2+ waves, delayed afterdepolarizations, and spontaneous action potentials. SN treatment also lowered the incidence of early afterdepolarizations during isoproterenol; an effect paralleled by reduced magnitude of L-type Ca2+ current. CONCLUSIONS SN production is upregulated in conditions with cardiomyocyte Ca2+ dysregulation and offers compensatory protection against cardiomyocyte mechanisms of arrhythmia, which may underlie its putative use as a biomarker in at-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anett H Ottesen
- Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway (A.H.O., P.L.M., J.E.H., T.O., H.R.).,Institute for Experimental Medical Research (A.H.O., C.R.C., O.S.E., M. Sadredini, X.S., P.K.L., M.L., I.S., A.G.E., I.G.L., M.K.S., G.C., W.E.L.), Oslo University Hospital, Norway.,Center for Heart Failure Research (A.H.O., C.R.C., O.S.E., M. Sadredini, P.L.M., X.S., P.K.L., M.L., I.S., A.G.E., I.G.L., T.O., M.K.S., G.C., H.R., W.E.L.), University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Cathrine R Carlson
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research (A.H.O., C.R.C., O.S.E., M. Sadredini, X.S., P.K.L., M.L., I.S., A.G.E., I.G.L., M.K.S., G.C., W.E.L.), Oslo University Hospital, Norway.,Center for Heart Failure Research (A.H.O., C.R.C., O.S.E., M. Sadredini, P.L.M., X.S., P.K.L., M.L., I.S., A.G.E., I.G.L., T.O., M.K.S., G.C., H.R., W.E.L.), University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Olav Søvik Eken
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research (A.H.O., C.R.C., O.S.E., M. Sadredini, X.S., P.K.L., M.L., I.S., A.G.E., I.G.L., M.K.S., G.C., W.E.L.), Oslo University Hospital, Norway.,Center for Heart Failure Research (A.H.O., C.R.C., O.S.E., M. Sadredini, P.L.M., X.S., P.K.L., M.L., I.S., A.G.E., I.G.L., T.O., M.K.S., G.C., H.R., W.E.L.), University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Mani Sadredini
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research (A.H.O., C.R.C., O.S.E., M. Sadredini, X.S., P.K.L., M.L., I.S., A.G.E., I.G.L., M.K.S., G.C., W.E.L.), Oslo University Hospital, Norway.,Center for Heart Failure Research (A.H.O., C.R.C., O.S.E., M. Sadredini, P.L.M., X.S., P.K.L., M.L., I.S., A.G.E., I.G.L., T.O., M.K.S., G.C., H.R., W.E.L.), University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Peder L Myhre
- Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway (A.H.O., P.L.M., J.E.H., T.O., H.R.).,Center for Heart Failure Research (A.H.O., C.R.C., O.S.E., M. Sadredini, P.L.M., X.S., P.K.L., M.L., I.S., A.G.E., I.G.L., T.O., M.K.S., G.C., H.R., W.E.L.), University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Xin Shen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research (A.H.O., C.R.C., O.S.E., M. Sadredini, X.S., P.K.L., M.L., I.S., A.G.E., I.G.L., M.K.S., G.C., W.E.L.), Oslo University Hospital, Norway.,Center for Heart Failure Research (A.H.O., C.R.C., O.S.E., M. Sadredini, P.L.M., X.S., P.K.L., M.L., I.S., A.G.E., I.G.L., T.O., M.K.S., G.C., H.R., W.E.L.), University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjørn Dalhus
- Department for Microbiology, Clinic for Laboratory Medicine (B.D.), Oslo University Hospital, Norway.,Department for Medical Biochemistry, Institute for Clinical Medicine (B.D.), University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Derek R Laver
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia (D.R.L.)
| | - Per Kristian Lunde
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research (A.H.O., C.R.C., O.S.E., M. Sadredini, X.S., P.K.L., M.L., I.S., A.G.E., I.G.L., M.K.S., G.C., W.E.L.), Oslo University Hospital, Norway.,Center for Heart Failure Research (A.H.O., C.R.C., O.S.E., M. Sadredini, P.L.M., X.S., P.K.L., M.L., I.S., A.G.E., I.G.L., T.O., M.K.S., G.C., H.R., W.E.L.), University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Jouni Kurola
- Division of Intensive Care Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Finland (J.K.)
| | - Marianne Lunde
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research (A.H.O., C.R.C., O.S.E., M. Sadredini, X.S., P.K.L., M.L., I.S., A.G.E., I.G.L., M.K.S., G.C., W.E.L.), Oslo University Hospital, Norway.,Center for Heart Failure Research (A.H.O., C.R.C., O.S.E., M. Sadredini, P.L.M., X.S., P.K.L., M.L., I.S., A.G.E., I.G.L., T.O., M.K.S., G.C., H.R., W.E.L.), University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Jon Erik Hoff
- Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway (A.H.O., P.L.M., J.E.H., T.O., H.R.)
| | - Kristin Godang
- Section of Specialized Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology (K.G.), Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Ivar Sjaastad
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research (A.H.O., C.R.C., O.S.E., M. Sadredini, X.S., P.K.L., M.L., I.S., A.G.E., I.G.L., M.K.S., G.C., W.E.L.), Oslo University Hospital, Norway.,Center for Heart Failure Research (A.H.O., C.R.C., O.S.E., M. Sadredini, P.L.M., X.S., P.K.L., M.L., I.S., A.G.E., I.G.L., T.O., M.K.S., G.C., H.R., W.E.L.), University of Oslo, Norway.,K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research (I.S., G.C., W.E.L.), University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Ville Pettilä
- Division of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University of Helsinki & Helsinki University Hospital, Finland (V.P.)
| | - Mats Stridsberg
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden (M. Stridsberg)
| | - Stephan E Lehnart
- Heart Research Center Goettingen, University Medicine Center Goettingen, Germany (S.E.L.)
| | - Andrew G Edwards
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research (A.H.O., C.R.C., O.S.E., M. Sadredini, X.S., P.K.L., M.L., I.S., A.G.E., I.G.L., M.K.S., G.C., W.E.L.), Oslo University Hospital, Norway.,Center for Heart Failure Research (A.H.O., C.R.C., O.S.E., M. Sadredini, P.L.M., X.S., P.K.L., M.L., I.S., A.G.E., I.G.L., T.O., M.K.S., G.C., H.R., W.E.L.), University of Oslo, Norway.,Simula Research Laboratory, Fornebu, Norway (A.G.E)
| | - Ida G Lunde
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research (A.H.O., C.R.C., O.S.E., M. Sadredini, X.S., P.K.L., M.L., I.S., A.G.E., I.G.L., M.K.S., G.C., W.E.L.), Oslo University Hospital, Norway.,Center for Heart Failure Research (A.H.O., C.R.C., O.S.E., M. Sadredini, P.L.M., X.S., P.K.L., M.L., I.S., A.G.E., I.G.L., T.O., M.K.S., G.C., H.R., W.E.L.), University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Torbjørn Omland
- Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway (A.H.O., P.L.M., J.E.H., T.O., H.R.).,Center for Heart Failure Research (A.H.O., C.R.C., O.S.E., M. Sadredini, P.L.M., X.S., P.K.L., M.L., I.S., A.G.E., I.G.L., T.O., M.K.S., G.C., H.R., W.E.L.), University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Mathis K Stokke
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research (A.H.O., C.R.C., O.S.E., M. Sadredini, X.S., P.K.L., M.L., I.S., A.G.E., I.G.L., M.K.S., G.C., W.E.L.), Oslo University Hospital, Norway.,Center for Heart Failure Research (A.H.O., C.R.C., O.S.E., M. Sadredini, P.L.M., X.S., P.K.L., M.L., I.S., A.G.E., I.G.L., T.O., M.K.S., G.C., H.R., W.E.L.), University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Geir Christensen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research (A.H.O., C.R.C., O.S.E., M. Sadredini, X.S., P.K.L., M.L., I.S., A.G.E., I.G.L., M.K.S., G.C., W.E.L.), Oslo University Hospital, Norway.,Center for Heart Failure Research (A.H.O., C.R.C., O.S.E., M. Sadredini, P.L.M., X.S., P.K.L., M.L., I.S., A.G.E., I.G.L., T.O., M.K.S., G.C., H.R., W.E.L.), University of Oslo, Norway.,K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research (I.S., G.C., W.E.L.), University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Helge Røsjø
- Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway (A.H.O., P.L.M., J.E.H., T.O., H.R.).,Center for Heart Failure Research (A.H.O., C.R.C., O.S.E., M. Sadredini, P.L.M., X.S., P.K.L., M.L., I.S., A.G.E., I.G.L., T.O., M.K.S., G.C., H.R., W.E.L.), University of Oslo, Norway
| | - William E Louch
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research (A.H.O., C.R.C., O.S.E., M. Sadredini, X.S., P.K.L., M.L., I.S., A.G.E., I.G.L., M.K.S., G.C., W.E.L.), Oslo University Hospital, Norway.,Center for Heart Failure Research (A.H.O., C.R.C., O.S.E., M. Sadredini, P.L.M., X.S., P.K.L., M.L., I.S., A.G.E., I.G.L., T.O., M.K.S., G.C., H.R., W.E.L.), University of Oslo, Norway.,K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Research (I.S., G.C., W.E.L.), University of Oslo, Norway
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Morrow
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (J.P.M., S.O.M.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - Steven O Marx
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine (J.P.M., S.O.M.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY.,Department of Pharmacology (S.O.M.), Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY
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Prognostic Value of Secretoneurin in Patients With Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock: Data From the Albumin Italian Outcome Sepsis Study. Crit Care Med 2019; 46:e404-e410. [PMID: 29481425 DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000003050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Secretoneurin directly influences cardiomyocyte calcium handling, and circulating secretoneurin levels seem to improve risk prediction in patients with myocardial dysfunction by integrating information on systemic stress, myocardial function, and renal function. Accordingly, in this study, we hypothesized that secretoneurin would improve risk prediction in patients with sepsis and especially in patients with septic shock as these patients are more hemodynamically unstable. DESIGN Multicenter, interventional randomized clinical trial. SETTING Multicenter, pragmatic, open-label, randomized, prospective clinical trial testing fluid administration with either 20% human albumin and crystalloids or crystalloid solutions alone in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock (The Albumin Italian Outcome Sepsis). PATIENTS OR SUBJECTS In total, 540 patients with septic shock and 418 patients with severe sepsis. INTERVENTIONS Either 20% human albumin and crystalloids or crystalloid solutions alone. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS We measured secretoneurin on days 1, 2, and 7 after randomization and compared the prognostic value of secretoneurin for ICU and 90-day mortality with established risk indices and cardiac biomarkers in septic shock and severe sepsis. High secretoneurin levels on day 1 were associated with age and serum concentrations of lactate, bilirubin, creatinine, and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide. Adjusting for established risk factors and cardiovascular biomarkers, secretoneurin levels on day 1 were associated with ICU (odds ratio, 2.27 [95% CI, 1.05-4.93]; p = 0.04) and 90-day mortality (2.04 [1.02-4.10]; p = 0.04) in patients with septic shock, but not severe sepsis without shock. Secretoneurin levels on day 2 were also associated with ICU (3.11 [1.34-7.20]; p = 0.008) and 90-day mortality (2.69 [1.26-5.78]; p = 0.01) in multivariate regression analyses and improved reclassification in patients with septic shock, as assessed by the net reclassification index. Randomized albumin administration did not influence the associations between secretoneurin and outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Secretoneurin provides early and potent prognostic information in septic patients with cardiovascular instability.
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Brynildsen J, Myhre PL, Lyngbakken MN, Klaeboe LG, Stridsberg M, Christensen G, Edvardsen T, Omland T, Røsjø H. Circulating secretoneurin concentrations in patients with moderate to severe aortic stenosis. Clin Biochem 2019; 71:17-23. [PMID: 31228433 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2019.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Secretoneurin (SN) concentrations provide important prognostic information in patients with myocardial dysfunction. Whether preoperative SN concentrations improve risk assessment in patients with moderate to severe aortic stenosis (AS) is unknown. METHODS We included 57 patients with moderate to severe AS referred for presurgical evaluation. All patients were examined with comprehensive echocardiography, electrocardiogram (ECG), and biochemical measurements and compared to 10 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects. RESULTS Median (quartile 1-3) SN concentrations were 141 (121-163) pmol/L in AS patients and 132 (106-148) pmol/L in control subjects (p = .17). Lower estimated creatinine clearance and use of diuretics, but not standard ECG or echocardiographic indices and cardiac biomarkers, were associated with increasing SN concentrations. Fifteen patients (26%) died during 3.5 years median follow-up. SN concentrations were higher in non-survivors than survivors: 156 (133-209) vs. 140 (116-155) pmol/L, p = .007. Higher SN concentrations were associated with increased risk of mortality also after adjustment for established risk indices, biomarkers, and status regarding valvular surgery: hazard ratio per lnSN 15.13 (95% CI 1.05-219.00); p = .046. Receiver operating characteristics area under the curve for SN to predict mortality was 0.74 (95% CI 0.60-0.88) compared to 0.73 (0.59-0.87) for high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T and 0.67 (0.51-0.82) for N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide. The previously identified cut-off of SN >204 pmol/L in cardiac surgical patients predicted mortality also in this cohort. CONCLUSIONS SN concentrations improve risk assessment in patients with moderate to severe AS by providing additional prognostic information to established risk indices such as echocardiography, ECG, and established cardiac biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Brynildsen
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway; Center for Heart Failure Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Peder L Myhre
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway; Center for Heart Failure Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Magnus N Lyngbakken
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway; Center for Heart Failure Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars Gunnar Klaeboe
- Center for Heart Failure Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mats Stridsberg
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Geir Christensen
- Center for Heart Failure Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Norway
| | - Thor Edvardsen
- Center for Heart Failure Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Torbjørn Omland
- Department of Cardiology, Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway; Center for Heart Failure Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Helge Røsjø
- Center for Heart Failure Research, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Research and Innovation, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.
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Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is the end result of many different cardiac and non-cardiac abnormalities leading to a complex clinical entity. In this view, the use of biomarkers in HF should be deeply reconsidered; indeed, the same biomarker may carry a different significance in patients with preserved or reduced EF. The aim of this review is to reconsider the role of biomarkers in HF, based on the different clinical characteristics of this syndrome. The role of cardiac and non-cardiac biomarkers will be reviewed with respect of the different clinical manifestations of this syndrome.
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Hinze C, Boucrot E. Endocytosis in proliferating, quiescent and terminally differentiated cells. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:131/23/jcs216804. [PMID: 30504135 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.216804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocytosis mediates nutrient uptake, receptor internalization and the regulation of cell signaling. It is also hijacked by many bacteria, viruses and toxins to mediate their cellular entry. Several endocytic routes exist in parallel, fulfilling different functions. Most studies on endocytosis have used transformed cells in culture. However, as the majority of cells in an adult body have exited the cell cycle, our understanding is biased towards proliferating cells. Here, we review the evidence for the different pathways of endocytosis not only in dividing, but also in quiescent, senescent and terminally differentiated cells. During mitosis, residual endocytosis is dedicated to the internalization of caveolae and specific receptors. In non-dividing cells, clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) functions, but the activity of alternative processes, such as caveolae, macropinocytosis and clathrin-independent routes, vary widely depending on cell types and functions. Endocytosis supports the quiescent state by either upregulating cell cycle arrest pathways or downregulating mitogen-induced signaling, thereby inhibiting cell proliferation. Endocytosis in terminally differentiated cells, such as skeletal muscles, adipocytes, kidney podocytes and neurons, supports tissue-specific functions. Finally, uptake is downregulated in senescent cells, making them insensitive to proliferative stimuli by growth factors. Future studies should reveal the molecular basis for the differences in activities between the different cell states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Hinze
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Emmanuel Boucrot
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK .,Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Birkbeck College, London WC1E 7HX, UK
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Lyngbakken MN, Myhre PL, Røsjø H, Omland T. Novel biomarkers of cardiovascular disease: Applications in clinical practice. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2018; 56:33-60. [DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2018.1525335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Nakrem Lyngbakken
- Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Peder Langeland Myhre
- Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Helge Røsjø
- Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Torbjørn Omland
- Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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The authors reply. Crit Care Med 2018; 46:e959-e961. [PMID: 30113381 DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000003248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Atanasova KR, Reznikov LR. Neuropeptides in asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cystic fibrosis. Respir Res 2018; 19:149. [PMID: 30081920 PMCID: PMC6090699 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-018-0846-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The nervous system mediates key airway protective behaviors, including cough, mucus secretion, and airway smooth muscle contraction. Thus, its involvement and potential involvement in several airway diseases has become increasingly recognized. In the current review, we focus on the contribution of select neuropeptides in three distinct airway diseases: asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and cystic fibrosis. We present data on some well-studied neuropeptides, as well as call attention to a few that have not received much consideration. Because mucus hypersecretion and mucus obstruction are common features of many airway diseases, we place special emphasis on the contribution of neuropeptides to mucus secretion. Finally, we highlight evidence implicating involvement of neuropeptides in mucus phenotypes in asthma, COPD and cystic fibrosis, as well as bring to light knowledge that is still lacking in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalina R Atanasova
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, 1333 Center Drive, PO Box 100144, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Leah R Reznikov
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, 1333 Center Drive, PO Box 100144, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
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Magnusson MK, Lasson A, Stridsberg M, Isaksson S, Strid H, Öhman L. Faecal secretogranin and chromogranin levels persist over time and are unrelated to disease history and outcome in patients with ulcerative colitis. COGENT MEDICINE 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/2331205x.2018.1484602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maria K. Magnusson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anders Lasson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Södra Älvsborg Hospital, Borås, Sweden
| | - Mats Stridsberg
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Stefan Isaksson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hans Strid
- Department of Internal Medicine, Södra Älvsborg Hospital, Borås, Sweden
| | - Lena Öhman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Park SW, Persaud SD, Ogokeh S, Meyers TA, Townsend D, Wei LN. CRABP1 protects the heart from isoproterenol-induced acute and chronic remodeling. J Endocrinol 2018; 236:151-165. [PMID: 29371236 PMCID: PMC5815894 DOI: 10.1530/joe-17-0613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Excessive and/or persistent activation of calcium-calmodulin protein kinase II (CaMKII) is detrimental in acute and chronic cardiac injury. However, intrinsic regulators of CaMKII activity are poorly understood. We find that cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 1 (CRABP1) directly interacts with CaMKII and uncover a functional role for CRABP1 in regulating CaMKII activation. We generated Crabp1-null mice (CKO) in C57BL/6J background for pathophysiological studies. CKO mice develop hypertrophy as adults, exhibiting significant left ventricular dilation with reduced ejection fraction at the baseline cardiac function. Interestingly, CKO mice have elevated basal CaMKII phosphorylation at T287, and phosphorylation on its substrate phospholamban (PLN) at T17. Acute isoproterenol (ISO) challenge (80 mg/kg two doses in 1 day) causes more severe apoptosis and necrosis in CKO hearts, and treatment with a CaMKII inhibitor KN-93 protects CKO mice from this injury. Chronic (30 mg/kg/day) ISO challenge also significantly increases hypertrophy and fibrosis in CKO mice as compared to WT. In wild-type mice, CRABP1 expression is increased in early stages of ISO challenge and eventually reduces to the basal level. Mechanistically, CRABP1 directly inhibits CaMKII by competing with calmodulin (CaM) for CaMKII interaction. This study demonstrates increased susceptibility of CKO mice to ISO-induced acute and chronic cardiac injury due to, at least in part, elevated CaMKII activity. Deleting Crabp1 results in reduced baseline cardiac function and aggravated damage challenged with acute and persistent β-adrenergic stimulation. This is the first report of a physiological role of CRABP1 as an endogenous regulator of CaMKII, which protects the heart from ISO-induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Wook Park
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Shawna D Persaud
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Stanislas Ogokeh
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Tatyana A Meyers
- Department of Integrative Biology and PhysiologyUniversity of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - DeWayne Townsend
- Department of Integrative Biology and PhysiologyUniversity of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Li-Na Wei
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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Winther JA, Brynildsen J, Høiseth AD, Strand H, Følling I, Christensen G, Nygård S, Røsjø H, Omland T. Prognostic and diagnostic significance of copeptin in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and acute heart failure: data from the ACE 2 study. Respir Res 2017; 18:184. [PMID: 29100503 PMCID: PMC5670515 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-017-0665-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Copeptin is a novel biomarker that predicts mortality in lower respiratory tract infections and heart failure (HF), but the diagnostic value of copeptin in acute dyspnea and the prognostic significance of copeptin in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) is not clear. METHOD We determined copeptin and NT-proBNP concentrations at hospital admission in 314 patients with acute dyspnea who were categorized by diagnosis. Survival was registered after a median follow-up of 816 days, and the prognostic and diagnostic properties of copeptin and NT-proBNP were analyzed in acute HF (n = 143) and AECOPD (n = 84) separately. RESULTS The median concentration of copeptin at admission was lower in AECOPD compared to acute HF (8.8 [5.2-19.7] vs. 22.2 [10.2-47.9]) pmol/L, p < 0.001), but NT-proBNP discriminated acute HF from non-HF related dyspnea more accurately than copeptin (ROC-AUC 0.85 [0.81-0.89] vs. 0.71 [0.66-0.77], p < 0.0001). Adjusted for basic risk factors, increased copeptin concentrations predicted mortality in AECOPD (HR per log (ln) unit 1.72 [95% CI 1.21-2.45], p = 0.003) and acute HF (1.61 [1.25-2.09], p < 0.001), whereas NT-proBNP concentrations predicted mortality only in acute HF (1.62 [1.27-2.06], p < 0.001). On top of a basic model copeptin reclassified a significant proportion of patients into a more accurate risk strata in AECOPD (NRI 0.60 [0.19-1.02], p = 0.004) and acute HF (0.39 [0.06-0.71], p = 0.020). CONCLUSION Copeptin is a strong prognostic marker in both AECOPD and acute HF, while NT-proBNP concentrations predict mortality only in patients with acute HF. NT-proBNP levels are superior to copeptin levels to diagnose acute HF in patients with acute dyspnea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob A Winther
- Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Jon Brynildsen
- Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Arne Didrik Høiseth
- Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Heidi Strand
- Division of Diagnostics and Technology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Ivar Følling
- Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Geir Christensen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ståle Nygård
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Institute for Medical Informatics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Helge Røsjø
- Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Torbjørn Omland
- Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Ottesen AH, Carlson CR, Louch WE, Dahl MB, Sandbu RA, Johansen RF, Jarstadmarken H, Bjørås M, Høiseth AD, Brynildsen J, Sjaastad I, Stridsberg M, Omland T, Christensen G, Røsjø H. Glycosylated Chromogranin A in Heart Failure: Implications for Processing and Cardiomyocyte Calcium Homeostasis. Circ Heart Fail 2017; 10:CIRCHEARTFAILURE.116.003675. [PMID: 28209766 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.116.003675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chromogranin A (CgA) levels have previously been found to predict mortality in heart failure (HF), but currently no information is available regarding CgA processing in HF and whether the CgA fragment catestatin (CST) may directly influence cardiomyocyte function. METHODS AND RESULTS CgA processing was characterized in postinfarction HF mice and in patients with acute HF, and the functional role of CST was explored in experimental models. Myocardial biopsies from HF, but not sham-operated mice, demonstrated high molecular weight CgA bands. Deglycosylation treatment attenuated high molecular weight bands, induced a mobility shift, and increased shorter CgA fragments. Adjusting for established risk indices and biomarkers, circulating CgA levels were found to be associated with mortality in patients with acute HF, but not in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Low CgA-to-CST conversion was also associated with increased mortality in acute HF, thus, supporting functional relevance of impaired CgA processing in cardiovascular disease. CST was identified as a direct inhibitor of CaMKIIδ (Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIδ) activity, and CST reduced CaMKIIδ-dependent phosphorylation of phospholamban and the ryanodine receptor 2. In line with CaMKIIδ inhibition, CST reduced Ca2+ spark and wave frequency, reduced Ca2+ spark dimensions, increased sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ content, and augmented the magnitude and kinetics of cardiomyocyte Ca2+ transients and contractions. CONCLUSIONS CgA-to-CST conversion in HF is impaired because of hyperglycosylation, which is associated with clinical outcomes in acute HF. The mechanism for increased mortality may be dysregulated cardiomyocyte Ca2+ handling because of reduced CaMKIIδ inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anett Hellebø Ottesen
- From the Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway (A.H.O., M.B.D., R.A.S., A.D.H., J.B., T.O., H.R.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway (A.H.O., C.R.C., W.E.L., R.A.S., H.J., I.S., G.C.); Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway and Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway (M.B.D., R.A.S.); Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Norway, and University of Oslo, Norway (R.F.J., M.B.); Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden (M.S.)
| | - Cathrine R Carlson
- From the Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway (A.H.O., M.B.D., R.A.S., A.D.H., J.B., T.O., H.R.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway (A.H.O., C.R.C., W.E.L., R.A.S., H.J., I.S., G.C.); Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway and Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway (M.B.D., R.A.S.); Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Norway, and University of Oslo, Norway (R.F.J., M.B.); Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden (M.S.)
| | - William E Louch
- From the Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway (A.H.O., M.B.D., R.A.S., A.D.H., J.B., T.O., H.R.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway (A.H.O., C.R.C., W.E.L., R.A.S., H.J., I.S., G.C.); Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway and Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway (M.B.D., R.A.S.); Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Norway, and University of Oslo, Norway (R.F.J., M.B.); Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden (M.S.)
| | - Mai Britt Dahl
- From the Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway (A.H.O., M.B.D., R.A.S., A.D.H., J.B., T.O., H.R.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway (A.H.O., C.R.C., W.E.L., R.A.S., H.J., I.S., G.C.); Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway and Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway (M.B.D., R.A.S.); Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Norway, and University of Oslo, Norway (R.F.J., M.B.); Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden (M.S.)
| | - Ragnhild A Sandbu
- From the Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway (A.H.O., M.B.D., R.A.S., A.D.H., J.B., T.O., H.R.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway (A.H.O., C.R.C., W.E.L., R.A.S., H.J., I.S., G.C.); Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway and Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway (M.B.D., R.A.S.); Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Norway, and University of Oslo, Norway (R.F.J., M.B.); Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden (M.S.)
| | - Rune Forstrøm Johansen
- From the Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway (A.H.O., M.B.D., R.A.S., A.D.H., J.B., T.O., H.R.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway (A.H.O., C.R.C., W.E.L., R.A.S., H.J., I.S., G.C.); Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway and Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway (M.B.D., R.A.S.); Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Norway, and University of Oslo, Norway (R.F.J., M.B.); Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden (M.S.)
| | - Hilde Jarstadmarken
- From the Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway (A.H.O., M.B.D., R.A.S., A.D.H., J.B., T.O., H.R.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway (A.H.O., C.R.C., W.E.L., R.A.S., H.J., I.S., G.C.); Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway and Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway (M.B.D., R.A.S.); Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Norway, and University of Oslo, Norway (R.F.J., M.B.); Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden (M.S.)
| | - Magnar Bjørås
- From the Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway (A.H.O., M.B.D., R.A.S., A.D.H., J.B., T.O., H.R.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway (A.H.O., C.R.C., W.E.L., R.A.S., H.J., I.S., G.C.); Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway and Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway (M.B.D., R.A.S.); Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Norway, and University of Oslo, Norway (R.F.J., M.B.); Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden (M.S.)
| | - Arne Didrik Høiseth
- From the Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway (A.H.O., M.B.D., R.A.S., A.D.H., J.B., T.O., H.R.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway (A.H.O., C.R.C., W.E.L., R.A.S., H.J., I.S., G.C.); Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway and Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway (M.B.D., R.A.S.); Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Norway, and University of Oslo, Norway (R.F.J., M.B.); Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden (M.S.)
| | - Jon Brynildsen
- From the Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway (A.H.O., M.B.D., R.A.S., A.D.H., J.B., T.O., H.R.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway (A.H.O., C.R.C., W.E.L., R.A.S., H.J., I.S., G.C.); Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway and Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway (M.B.D., R.A.S.); Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Norway, and University of Oslo, Norway (R.F.J., M.B.); Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden (M.S.)
| | - Ivar Sjaastad
- From the Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway (A.H.O., M.B.D., R.A.S., A.D.H., J.B., T.O., H.R.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway (A.H.O., C.R.C., W.E.L., R.A.S., H.J., I.S., G.C.); Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway and Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway (M.B.D., R.A.S.); Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Norway, and University of Oslo, Norway (R.F.J., M.B.); Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden (M.S.)
| | - Mats Stridsberg
- From the Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway (A.H.O., M.B.D., R.A.S., A.D.H., J.B., T.O., H.R.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway (A.H.O., C.R.C., W.E.L., R.A.S., H.J., I.S., G.C.); Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway and Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway (M.B.D., R.A.S.); Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Norway, and University of Oslo, Norway (R.F.J., M.B.); Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden (M.S.)
| | - Torbjørn Omland
- From the Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway (A.H.O., M.B.D., R.A.S., A.D.H., J.B., T.O., H.R.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway (A.H.O., C.R.C., W.E.L., R.A.S., H.J., I.S., G.C.); Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway and Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway (M.B.D., R.A.S.); Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Norway, and University of Oslo, Norway (R.F.J., M.B.); Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden (M.S.)
| | - Geir Christensen
- From the Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway (A.H.O., M.B.D., R.A.S., A.D.H., J.B., T.O., H.R.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway (A.H.O., C.R.C., W.E.L., R.A.S., H.J., I.S., G.C.); Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway and Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway (M.B.D., R.A.S.); Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Norway, and University of Oslo, Norway (R.F.J., M.B.); Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden (M.S.)
| | - Helge Røsjø
- From the Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway (A.H.O., M.B.D., R.A.S., A.D.H., J.B., T.O., H.R.); Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Norway (A.H.O., C.R.C., W.E.L., R.A.S., H.J., I.S., G.C.); Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway and Institute for Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway (M.B.D., R.A.S.); Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Norway, and University of Oslo, Norway (R.F.J., M.B.); Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden (M.S.).
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Gul SS, Huesgen KW, Wang KK, Mark K, Tyndall JA. Prognostic utility of neuroinjury biomarkers in post out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patient management. Med Hypotheses 2017; 105:34-47. [PMID: 28735650 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2017.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Despite aggressive intervention, patients who survive an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) generally have very poor prognoses, with nationwide survival rates of approximately 10-20%. Approximately 90% of survivors will have moderate to severe neurological injury ranging from moderate cognitive impairment to brain death. Currently, few early prognostic indicators are considered reliable enough to support patients' families and clinicians' in their decisions regarding medical futility. Blood biomarkers of neurological injury after OHCA may be of prognostic value in these cases. When most bodily tissues are oxygen-deprived, cellular metabolism switches from aerobic to anaerobic respiration. Neurons are a notable exception, however, being dependent solely upon aerobic respiration. Thus, after several minutes without circulating oxygen, neurons sustain irreversible damage, and certain measurable biomarkers are released into the circulation. Prior studies have demonstrated value in blood biomarkers in prediction of survival and neurologic impairment after OHCA. We hypothesize that understanding peptide biomarker kinetics in the early return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) period, especially in the setting of refractory cardiac arrest, may assist clinicians in determining prognosis earlier in acute resuscitation. Specifically, during and after immediate resuscitation and return of ROSC, clinicians and families face a series of important questions regarding patient prognosis, futility of care and allocation of scarce resources such as the early initiation of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR). The ability to provide early prognostic information in this setting is highly valuable. Currently available, as well as potential biomarkers that could be good candidates in prognostication of neurological outcomes after OHCA or in the setting of refractory cardiac arrest will be reviewed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Gul
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Florida, 1329, SW 16th Street, Suite 5270, Gainesville, FL 32608, United States
| | - K W Huesgen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Florida, 1329, SW 16th Street, Suite 5270, Gainesville, FL 32608, United States
| | - K K Wang
- Program for Neurotrauma, Neuroproteomics & Biomarker Research, Department of Psychiatry, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, 1149 Newell Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, United States
| | - K Mark
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Florida, 1329, SW 16th Street, Suite 5270, Gainesville, FL 32608, United States
| | - J A Tyndall
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Florida, 1329, SW 16th Street, Suite 5270, Gainesville, FL 32608, United States.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Secretoneurin is produced in neuroendocrine cells, and the myocardium and circulating secretoneurin levels provide incremental prognostic information to established risk indices in cardiovascular disease. As myocardial dysfunction contributes to poor outcome in critically ill patients, we wanted to assess the prognostic value of secretoneurin in two cohorts of critically ill patients with infections. DESIGN Two prospective, observational studies. SETTING Twenty-four and twenty-five ICUs in Finland. PATIENTS A total of 232 patients with severe sepsis (cohort #1) and 94 patients with infections and respiratory failure (cohort #2). INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS We measured secretoneurin levels by radioimmunoassay in samples obtained early after ICU admission and compared secretoneurin with other risk indices. In patients with severe sepsis, admission secretoneurin levels (logarithmically transformed) were associated with hospital mortality (odds ratio, 3.17 [95% CI, 1.12-9.00]; p = 0.030) and shock during the hospitalization (odds ratio, 2.17 [1.06-4.46]; p = 0.034) in analyses that adjusted for other risk factors available on ICU admission. Adding secretoneurin levels to age, which was also associated with hospital mortality in the multivariate model, improved the risk prediction as assessed by the category-free net reclassification index: 0.35 (95% CI, 0.06-0.64) (p = 0.02). In contrast, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels were not associated with mortality in the multivariate model that included secretoneurin measurements, and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide did not improve patient classification on top of age. Secretoneurin levels were also associated with hospital mortality after adjusting for other risk factors and improved patient classification in cohort #2. In both cohorts, the optimal cutoff for secretoneurin levels at ICU admission to predict hospital mortality was ≈ 175 pmol/L, and higher levels were associated with mortality also when adjusting for Simplified Acute Physiology Score II and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores. CONCLUSIONS Secretoneurin levels provide incremental information to established risk indices for the prediction of mortality and shock in critically ill patients with severe infections.
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Thomas MR, Lip GYH. Novel Risk Markers and Risk Assessments for Cardiovascular Disease. Circ Res 2017; 120:133-149. [PMID: 28057790 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.116.309955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The use of risk markers has transformed cardiovascular medicine, exemplified by the routine assessment of troponin, for both diagnosis and assessment of prognosis in patients with chest pain. Clinical risk factors form the basis for risk assessment of cardiovascular disease and the addition of biochemical, cellular, and imaging parameters offers further refinement. Identifying novel risk factors may allow greater risk stratification and a steady, but gradual progression toward precision medicine. Indeed, the generation of data in this area of research is explosive and when combined with new technologies and techniques provides the potential for more refined, targeted approaches to cardiovascular medicine. Although discussing the most recent developments in this field, this review article aims to strike a balance between novelty and validity by focusing on recent large sample-size studies that have been validated in a separate cohort in most cases. Risk markers related to atherosclerosis, thrombosis, inflammation, cardiac injury, and fibrosis are introduced in the context of their pathophysiology. Rapidly developing new areas, such as assessment of micro-RNA, are also explored. Subsequently the prognostic ability of these risk markers in coronary artery disease, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation is discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark R Thomas
- From the University of Birmingham Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom (M.R.T., G.Y.H.L.); and Aalborg Thrombosis Research Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Denmark (G.Y.H.L.)
| | - Gregory Y H Lip
- From the University of Birmingham Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, City Hospital, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom (M.R.T., G.Y.H.L.); and Aalborg Thrombosis Research Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Denmark (G.Y.H.L.).
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37
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Troger J, Theurl M, Kirchmair R, Pasqua T, Tota B, Angelone T, Cerra MC, Nowosielski Y, Mätzler R, Troger J, Gayen JR, Trudeau V, Corti A, Helle KB. Granin-derived peptides. Prog Neurobiol 2017; 154:37-61. [PMID: 28442394 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The granin family comprises altogether 7 different proteins originating from the diffuse neuroendocrine system and elements of the central and peripheral nervous systems. The family is dominated by three uniquely acidic members, namely chromogranin A (CgA), chromogranin B (CgB) and secretogranin II (SgII). Since the late 1980s it has become evident that these proteins are proteolytically processed, intragranularly and/or extracellularly into a range of biologically active peptides; a number of them with regulatory properties of physiological and/or pathophysiological significance. The aim of this comprehensive overview is to provide an up-to-date insight into the distribution and properties of the well established granin-derived peptides and their putative roles in homeostatic regulations. Hence, focus is directed to peptides derived from the three main granins, e.g. to the chromogranin A derived vasostatins, betagranins, pancreastatin and catestatins, the chromogranin B-derived secretolytin and the secretogranin II-derived secretoneurin (SN). In addition, the distribution and properties of the chromogranin A-derived peptides prochromacin, chromofungin, WE14, parastatin, GE-25 and serpinins, the CgB-peptide PE-11 and the SgII-peptides EM66 and manserin will also be commented on. Finally, the opposing effects of the CgA-derived vasostatin-I and catestatin and the SgII-derived peptide SN on the integrity of the vasculature, myocardial contractility, angiogenesis in wound healing, inflammatory conditions and tumors will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Troger
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Markus Theurl
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Rudolf Kirchmair
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Teresa Pasqua
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Bruno Tota
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Tommaso Angelone
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Maria C Cerra
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
| | - Yvonne Nowosielski
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Raphaela Mätzler
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Jasmin Troger
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Vance Trudeau
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Angelo Corti
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and Division of Experimental Oncology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Karen B Helle
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Norway
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Edwards AG, Louch WE. Species-Dependent Mechanisms of Cardiac Arrhythmia: A Cellular Focus. CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS-CARDIOLOGY 2017; 11:1179546816686061. [PMID: 28469490 PMCID: PMC5392019 DOI: 10.1177/1179546816686061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Although ventricular arrhythmia remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, available antiarrhythmic drugs have limited efficacy. Disappointing progress in the development of novel, clinically relevant antiarrhythmic agents may partly be attributed to discrepancies between humans and animal models used in preclinical testing. However, such differences are at present difficult to predict, requiring improved understanding of arrhythmia mechanisms across species. To this end, we presently review interspecies similarities and differences in fundamental cardiomyocyte electrophysiology and current understanding of the mechanisms underlying the generation of afterdepolarizations and reentry. We specifically highlight patent shortcomings in small rodents to reproduce cellular and tissue-level arrhythmia substrate believed to be critical in human ventricle. Despite greater ease of translation from larger animal models, discrepancies remain and interpretation can be complicated by incomplete knowledge of human ventricular physiology due to low availability of explanted tissue. We therefore point to the benefits of mathematical modeling as a translational bridge to understanding and treating human arrhythmia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G Edwards
- Center for Biomedical Computing, Simula Research Laboratory, Lysaker, Norway.,Center for Cardiological Innovation, Simula Research Laboratory, Lysaker, Norway.,Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - William E Louch
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,K.G. Jebsen Cardiac Research Centre and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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39
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Widiapradja A, Chunduri P, Levick SP. The role of neuropeptides in adverse myocardial remodeling and heart failure. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:2019-2038. [PMID: 28097372 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2452-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In addition to traditional neurotransmitters of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems, the heart also contains numerous neuropeptides. These neuropeptides not only modulate the effects of neurotransmitters, but also have independent effects on cardiac function. While in most cases the physiological actions of these neuropeptides are well defined, their contributions to cardiac pathology are less appreciated. Some neuropeptides are cardioprotective, some promote adverse cardiac remodeling and heart failure, and in the case of others their functions are unclear. Some have both cardioprotective and adverse effects depending on the specific cardiac pathology and progression of that pathology. In this review, we briefly describe the actions of several neuropeptides on normal cardiac physiology, before describing in more detail their role in adverse cardiac remodeling and heart failure. It is our goal to bring more focus toward understanding the contribution of neuropeptides to the pathogenesis of heart failure, and to consider them as potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Widiapradja
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.,Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Prasad Chunduri
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Scott P Levick
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA. .,Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
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Myhre PL, Stridsberg M, Linko R, Okkonen M, Nygård S, Christensen G, Pettilä V, Omland T, Røsjø H. Circulating chromogranin B levels in patients with acute respiratory failure: data from the FINNALI Study. Biomarkers 2017; 22:775-781. [PMID: 28049363 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2016.1269200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Circulating chromogranin B (CgB) levels are increased in situations characterized by systemic and myocardial stress, but whether CgB provides prognostic information in patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF) is unknown. METHODS We included 584 patients with ARF, defined as ventilatory support >6 h, and with blood samples available on Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission and day 3 (n = 479). CgB levels were measured by radioimmunoassay and follow-up was 90 days. RESULTS One-hundred-sixty-nine patients (29%) died during follow-up. Admission CgB levels separated non-survivors from survivors: median 1234 (Q1-3 989-1742) vs. 917 (753-1224) pmol/L, respectively, p < 0.001. CgB levels on ICU admission (logarithmically transformed) were associated with time to death after adjustment for established risk indices available on ICU admission, including N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic levels: HR 2.62 (95%C.I. 1.82-3.77), p < 0.001. Admission CgB levels also improved prognostication on top of SOFA and SAPS II scores as assessed by Cox regression analyses and the category-free net reclassification index. The area under the curve (AUC) for admission CgB levels to separate survivors and non-survivors was 0.72 (95%CI 0.67-0.76), while the AUC on day 3 was 0.60 (0.54-0.66). CONCLUSIONS CgB levels measured on ICU admission provided additional prognostic information to established risk indices in ARF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peder Langeland Myhre
- a Division of Medicine , Akershus University Hospital , Lørenskog , Norway.,b Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway.,c Center for Clinical Heart Research, Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway
| | - Mats Stridsberg
- d Department of Medical Sciences , Uppsala University , Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Rita Linko
- e Division of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine , University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Marjatta Okkonen
- e Division of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine , University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Ståle Nygård
- f Bioinformatics core facility , Oslo University Hospital and the University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
| | - Geir Christensen
- b Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway.,g Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital , Oslo , Norway
| | - Ville Pettilä
- e Division of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine , University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki , Finland.,h Department of Intensive Care Medicine , Bern University Hospital, University of Bern , Bern , Switzerland
| | - Torbjørn Omland
- a Division of Medicine , Akershus University Hospital , Lørenskog , Norway.,b Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
| | - Helge Røsjø
- a Division of Medicine , Akershus University Hospital , Lørenskog , Norway.,b Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
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Ørstavik R. Peptid viktig prediktor hos kritisk syke. TIDSSKRIFT FOR DEN NORSKE LEGEFORENING 2017. [DOI: 10.4045/tidsskr.17.0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Myhre PL, Ottesen AH, Okkonen M, Linko R, Stridsberg M, Nygård S, Christensen G, Pettilä V, Omland T, Røsjø H. Prognostic Value of Secretoneurin in Patients with Acute Respiratory Failure: Data from the FINNALI Study. Clin Chem 2016; 62:1380-9. [DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2016.258764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
We examined whether secretoneurin (SN), a biomarker associated with cardiomyocyte Ca2+ handling, provides prognostic information in patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF).
METHODS
We included 490 patients with ARF, defined as ventilatory support >6 h, with blood samples available on admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). SN concentrations were measured by RIA.
RESULTS
A total of 209 patients (43%) were hospitalized with cardiovascular (CV)-related ARF, and 90-day mortality rates were comparable between CV- and non–CV-related ARF (n = 281): 31% vs 24%, P = 0.11. Admission SN concentrations were higher in nonsurvivors than in survivors in both CV-related (median 148 [quartile 1–3, 117–203] vs 108 [87–143] pmol/L, P < 0.001) and non–CV-related ARF (139 [115–184] vs 113 [91–139] pmol/L, P < 0.001). In patients with CV-related ARF, SN concentrations on ICU admission were associated with 90-day mortality [odds ratio (OR) 1.97 (95% CI, 1.04–3.73, P = 0.04)] after adjusting for established risk indices, including N-terminal-pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) concentrations. SN also improved patient classification in CV-related ARF as assessed by the net reclassification index: 0.32 (95% CI, 0.04–0.59), P = 0.03. The area under the curve (AUC) of SN to predict mortality in patients with CV-related ARF was 0.72 (95% CI, 0.65–0.79), and the AUC of NT-proBNP was 0.64 (0.56–0.73). In contrast, SN concentrations on ICU admission did not provide incremental prognostic value to established risk indices in patients with non–CV-related ARF, and the AUC was 0.67 (0.60–0.75).
CONCLUSIONS
SN concentrations measured on ICU admission provided incremental prognostic information to established risk indices in patients with CV-related ARF, but not in patients with non–CV-related ARF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peder L Myhre
- Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Center for Clinical Heart Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anett H Ottesen
- Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marjatta Okkonen
- Division of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rita Linko
- Division of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mats Stridsberg
- Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ståle Nygård
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Oslo University Hospital and the University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Geir Christensen
- Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ville Pettilä
- Division of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Torbjørn Omland
- Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Helge Røsjø
- Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway and Center for Heart Failure Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Abstract
In the heart, Ca(2+) signals regulate a variety of biological functions ranging from contractility to gene expression, cellular hypertrophy and death. In this review, we summarize the role of local Ca(2+) homeostasis in these processes in healthy cardiac muscle cells, and highlight how mismanaged Ca(2+) handling contributes to the pathophysiology of conditions such as cardiac arrhythmia, ischemic heart disease, cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Aiming to provide an introduction to the field with a clinical perspective, we also indicate how current and future therapies may modulate cardiomyocytes Ca(2+) handling for the treatment of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - William E Louch
- b Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål and University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
| | - Ivar Sjaastad
- b Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål and University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
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45
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Helsingen LM. Ny prognostisk biomarkør ved hjertesvikt. TIDSSKRIFT FOR DEN NORSKE LEGEFORENING 2015. [DOI: 10.4045/tidsskr.15.0400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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