1
|
Olivieri M, Spiteri G, Brandi J, Cecconi D, Fusi M, Zanoni G, Rizzi C. Glucose/Ribitol Dehydrogenase and 16.9 kDa Class I Heat Shock Protein 1 as Novel Wheat Allergens in Baker’s Respiratory Allergy. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27041212. [PMID: 35209002 PMCID: PMC8875590 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Wheat allergens are responsible for symptoms in 60–70% of bakers with work-related allergy, and knowledge, at the molecular level, of this disorder is progressively accumulating. The aim of the present study is to investigate the panel of wheat IgE positivity in allergic Italian bakers, evaluating a possible contribution of novel wheat allergens included in the water/salt soluble fraction. The water/salt-soluble wheat flour proteins from the Italian wheat cultivar Bolero were separated by using 1-DE and 2-DE gel electrophoresis. IgE-binding proteins were detected using the pooled sera of 26 wheat allergic bakers by immunoblotting and directly recognized in Coomassie stained gel. After a preparative electrophoretic step, two enriched fractions were furtherly separated in 2-DE allowing for detection, by Coomassie, of three different proteins in the range of 21–27 kDa that were recognized by the pooled baker’s IgE. Recovered spots were analyzed by nanoHPLC Chip tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). The immunodetected spots in 2D were subjected to mass spectrometry (MS) analysis identifying two new allergenic proteins: a glucose/ribitol dehydrogenase and a 16.9 kDa class I heat shock protein 1. Mass spectrometer testing of flour proteins of the wheat cultivars utilized by allergic bakers improves the identification of until now unknown occupational wheat allergens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Olivieri
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (M.O.); (G.S.)
| | - Gianluca Spiteri
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Department of Diagnostic and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (M.O.); (G.S.)
| | - Jessica Brandi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (J.B.); (D.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Daniela Cecconi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (J.B.); (D.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Marina Fusi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (J.B.); (D.C.); (M.F.)
| | - Giovanna Zanoni
- Immunology Unit, University Hospital of Verona, 37135 Verona, Italy;
| | - Corrado Rizzi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (J.B.); (D.C.); (M.F.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jia Q, Dahms HU, Wang L. Detection of Metallothionein Proteins by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2020; 21:544-554. [DOI: 10.2174/1389201020666191127124629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metallothioneins (MTs) are low-molecular-weight, cysteine-rich proteins that bind to heavy
metals. MTs play a key role in the homeostasis of metal ions, maintaining intracellular redox equilibria
and free radical scavenging. In several studies, under different conditions such as cancer development,
drug therapy and heavy metal stress, the unique structural changes and functional effects of MT were
studied. Although several assays are available to monitor the content and type of Metallothionein (MT)
from environmental samples or in biomedical assays, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA)
became the preferred method of MT detection. ELISA is low in cost, specific, simple, and efficient.
This review evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of using different types of ELISA in the
detection of metallothioneins from environmental or clinical samples as well as ways of its validation
and cross-validation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingyun Jia
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Hans-Uwe Dahms
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Lan Wang
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sharma N, Bhatia S, Chunduri V, Kaur S, Sharma S, Kapoor P, Kumari A, Garg M. Pathogenesis of Celiac Disease and Other Gluten Related Disorders in Wheat and Strategies for Mitigating Them. Front Nutr 2020; 7:6. [PMID: 32118025 PMCID: PMC7020197 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Wheat is a major cereal crop providing energy and nutrients to the billions of people around the world. Gluten is a structural protein in wheat, that is necessary for its dough making properties, but it is responsible for imparting certain intolerances among some individuals, which are part of this review. Most important among these intolerances is celiac disease, that is gluten triggered T-cell mediated autoimmune enteropathy and results in villous atrophy, inflammation and damage to intestinal lining in genetically liable individuals containing human leukocyte antigen DQ2/DQ8 molecules on antigen presenting cells. Celiac disease occurs due to presence of celiac disease eliciting epitopes in gluten, particularly highly immunogenic alpha-gliadins. Another gluten related disorder is non-celiac gluten-sensitivity in which innate immune-response occurs in patients along with gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal symptoms, that disappear upon removal of gluten from the diet. In wheat allergy, either IgE or non-IgE mediated immune response occurs in individuals after inhalation or ingestion of wheat. Following a life-long gluten-free diet by celiac disease and non-celiac gluten-sensitivity patients is very challenging as none of wheat cultivar or related species stands safe for consumption. Hence, different molecular biology, genetic engineering, breeding, microbial, enzymatic, and chemical strategies have been worked upon to reduce the celiac disease epitopes and the gluten content in wheat. Currently, only 8.4% of total population is affected by wheat-related issues, while rest of population remains safe and should not remove wheat from the diet, based on false media coverage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Sharma
- Agri-Food Biotechnology Laboratory, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
| | - Simran Bhatia
- Agri-Food Biotechnology Laboratory, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
| | - Venkatesh Chunduri
- Agri-Food Biotechnology Laboratory, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
| | - Satveer Kaur
- Agri-Food Biotechnology Laboratory, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
| | - Saloni Sharma
- Agri-Food Biotechnology Laboratory, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
| | - Payal Kapoor
- Agri-Food Biotechnology Laboratory, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
| | - Anita Kumari
- Agri-Food Biotechnology Laboratory, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
| | - Monika Garg
- Agri-Food Biotechnology Laboratory, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jang YR, Cho K, Kim S, Sim JR, Lee SB, Kim BG, Gu YQ, Altenbach SB, Lim SH, Goo TW, Lee JY. Comparison of MALDI-TOF-MS and RP-HPLC as Rapid Screening Methods for Wheat Lines With Altered Gliadin Compositions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:600489. [PMID: 33343602 PMCID: PMC7746642 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.600489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The wheat gliadins are a complex group of flour proteins that can trigger celiac disease and serious food allergies. As a result, mutation breeding and biotechnology approaches are being used to develop new wheat lines with reduced immunogenic potential. Key to these efforts is the development of rapid, high-throughput methods that can be used as a first step in selecting lines with altered gliadin contents. In this paper, we optimized matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) methods for the separation of gliadins from Triticum aestivum cv. Chinese Spring (CS). We evaluated the quality of the resulting profiles using the complete set of gliadin gene sequences recently obtained from this cultivar as well as a set of aneuploid lines in CS. The gliadins were resolved into 13 peaks by MALDI-TOF-MS. α- or γ-gliadins that contain abundant celiac disease epitopes and are likely targets for efforts to reduce the immunogenicity of flour were found in several peaks. However, other peaks contained multiple α- and γ-gliadins, including one peak with as many as 12 different gliadins. In comparison, separation of proteins by RP-HPLC yielded 28 gliadin peaks, including 13 peaks containing α-gliadins and eight peaks containing γ-gliadins. While the separation of α- and γ-gliadins gliadins achieved by RP-HPLC was better than that achieved by MALDI-TOF-MS, it was not possible to link peaks with individual protein sequences. Both MALDI-TOF-MS and RP-HPLC provided adequate separation of ω-gliadins. While MALDI-TOF-MS is faster and could prove useful in studies that target specific gliadins, RP-HPLC is an effective method that can be applied more broadly to detect changes in gliadin composition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- You-Ran Jang
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Kyoungwon Cho
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Sewon Kim
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Jae-Ryeong Sim
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Su-Bin Lee
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Beom-Gi Kim
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Yong Q. Gu
- USDA-ARS, Western Regional Research Center, Albany, CA, United States
| | | | - Sun-Hyung Lim
- Division of Horticultural Biotechnology, Hankyong National University, Anseong, South Korea
| | - Tae-Won Goo
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, South Korea
| | - Jong-Yeol Lee
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Jong-Yeol Lee,
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Baker MG, Sampson HA. Phenotypes and endotypes of food allergy: A path to better understanding the pathogenesis and prognosis of food allergy. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2018; 120:245-253. [PMID: 29378246 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2018.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mary Grace Baker
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Elliot and Roslyn Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Hugh A Sampson
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Elliot and Roslyn Jaffe Food Allergy Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yang Y, Hu MJ, Jin TC, Zhang YX, Liu GY, Li YB, Zhang ML, Cao MJ, Su WJ, Liu GM. A comprehensive analysis of the allergenicity and IgE epitopes of myosinogen allergens in Scylla paramamosain. Clin Exp Allergy 2018; 49:108-119. [PMID: 30187588 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scylla paramamosain is one of the most common and serious food allergens in Asia. Therefore, research on its prevalence, accurate diagnosis, and IgE-binding pattern of the allergens is crucial. OBJECTIVE To identify the IgE epitopes of the myosinogen allergens in S. paramamosain using phage peptide library. METHODS The prevalence of allergy to crabs (AC) and of sensitization was analysed using a questionnaire and a serological assay. BAT was performed by flow cytometry, and its diagnostic performance was evaluated in relation to allergens purified from crab myosinogen. IgE-binding epitopes were identified by phage display using the IgE from patients with AC. Sequence- and structure-based bioinformatics analyses were performed to identify allergenic epitopes. RESULTS Crab was the most common cause of food allergies in this study. Subjects with AC (n = 30) with clear clinical symptoms were identified by immunoblotting and BAT. All of the myosinogen allergens triggered basophil activation; surface expression of CD63 and CD203c was higher in patients allergic to AK and FLN c than in patients allergic to SCP and TIM. In addition to six conformational epitopes of SCP, six linear epitopes and eight conformational epitopes of AK were identified. Five linear epitopes and three conformational epitopes of TIM, nine linear and ten conformational epitopes of FLN c were also identified, and the sequence VH(I/T) L was appeared in epitopes of both TIM and FLN c. The number of epitopes showed consistency with the value of BAT. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE BAT can be used for accurate diagnosis of AC. Identification of particular allergenic motifs could be a valuable tool for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of food allergies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Meng Jun Hu
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Teng Chuan Jin
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yong Xia Zhang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Guang Yu Liu
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yu Bao Li
- Medical center of Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | | | - Min Jie Cao
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Wen Jin Su
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Guang Ming Liu
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Immunogenic and allergenic profile of wheat flours from different technological qualities revealed by ion mobility mass spectrometry. J Food Compost Anal 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2018.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
8
|
Burkhardt JG, Chapa-Rodriguez A, Bahna SL. Gluten sensitivities and the allergist: Threshing the grain from the husks. Allergy 2018; 73:1359-1368. [PMID: 29131356 DOI: 10.1111/all.13354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
"Gluten sensitivity" has become commonplace among the public. Wheat allergy (WA) and celiac disease (CD) are well-defined entities, but are becoming a fraction of individuals following a gluten-free diet (GFD). Wheat allergy has a prevalence of <0.5%. Wheat, specifically its omega-5 gliadin fraction, is the most common allergen implicated in food-dependent, exercise-induced anaphylaxis. CD is a non-IgE hypersensitivity to certain cereal proteins: gluten in wheat, secalin in rye, hordein in barley, and to a lesser extent avenin in oat. It is a rare disease, with an estimated prevalence that varied widely geographically, being higher in Northern Europe and the African Saharawi region than in South-East Asia. In addition to suggestive symptoms, serologic testing has high diagnostic reliability and biopsy is a confirmatory procedure. Patients with CD have extra-intestinal autoimmune comorbid conditions more frequently than expected. A third entity is nonceliac gluten sensitivity, which has been created because of the increasing number of subjects who claim a better quality of life or improvement of their variety of symptoms on switching to a GFD. The phenomenon is being fueled by the media and exploited by the industry. The lack of a specific objective test has been raising substantial controversy about this entity. Allergists and gastroenterologists need to pay attention to the multitudes of individuals who elect to follow a GFD. Many such subjects might have WA, CD, or another illness. Providing them with appropriate evaluation and specific management would be of great advantages, medically and economically.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J. G. Burkhardt
- Allergy & Immunology Section; Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center; Shreveport LA USA
| | - A. Chapa-Rodriguez
- Pediatric Gastroenterology & Nutrition Section; Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center; Shreveport LA USA
| | - S. L. Bahna
- Allergy & Immunology Section; Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center; Shreveport LA USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
|
10
|
Li Y, Yu J, Goktepe I, Ahmedna M. The potential of papain and alcalase enzymes and process optimizations to reduce allergenic gliadins in wheat flour. Food Chem 2016; 196:1338-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.10.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
11
|
Quirce S, Boyano-Martínez T, Díaz-Perales A. Clinical presentation, allergens, and management of wheat allergy. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2016; 12:563-72. [PMID: 26800201 DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.2016.1145548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
IgE-mediated allergy to wheat proteins can be caused by exposure through ingestion, inhalation, or skin/mucosal contact, and can affect various populations and age groups. Respiratory allergy to wheat proteins is commonly observed in adult patients occupationally exposed to flour, whereas wheat food allergy is more common in children. Wheat allergy is of growing importance for patients with recurrent anaphylaxis, especially when exercise related. The diagnosis of wheat allergy relies on a consistent clinical history, skin prick testing with well-characterized extracts and specific IgE tests. The accuracy of wheat allergy diagnosis may be improved by measuring IgE responses to several wheat components. However, a high degree of heterogeneity has been found in the recognition pattern of allergens among patient groups with different clinical profiles, as well as within each group. Thus, oral provocation with wheat or the implicated cereal is the reference test for the definitive diagnosis of ingested wheat/cereal allergy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Quirce
- a Department of Allergy , Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ) , Madrid , Spain.,b CIBER of Respiratory Diseases CIBERES , Madrid , Spain
| | - Teresa Boyano-Martínez
- a Department of Allergy , Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ) , Madrid , Spain
| | - Araceli Díaz-Perales
- c Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (UPM-INIA) , Pozuelo de Alarcón , Madrid , Spain
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
Triticum aestivum (bread wheat) is the most widely grown crop worldwide. In genetically predisposed individuals, wheat can cause specific immune responses. A food allergy to wheat is characterized by T helper type 2 activation which can result in immunoglobulin E (IgE) and non-IgE mediated reactions. IgE mediated reactions are immediate, are characterized by the presence of wheat-specific IgE antibodies, and can be life-threatening. Non-IgE mediated reactions are characterized by chronic eosinophilic and lymphocytic infiltration of the gastrointestinal tract. IgE mediated responses to wheat can be related to wheat ingestion (food allergy) or wheat inhalation (respiratory allergy). A food allergy to wheat is more common in children and can be associated with a severe reaction such as anaphylaxis and wheat-dependent, exercise-induced anaphylaxis. An inhalation induced IgE mediated wheat allergy can cause baker’s asthma or rhinitis, which are common occupational diseases in workers who have significant repetitive exposure to wheat flour, such as bakers. Non-IgE mediated food allergy reactions to wheat are mainly eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) or eosinophilic gastritis (EG), which are both characterized by chronic eosinophilic inflammation. EG is a systemic disease, and is associated with severe inflammation that requires oral steroids to resolve. EoE is a less severe disease, which can lead to complications in feeding intolerance and fibrosis. In both EoE and EG, wheat allergy diagnosis is based on both an elimination diet preceded by a tissue biopsy obtained by esophagogastroduodenoscopy in order to show the effectiveness of the diet. Diagnosis of IgE mediated wheat allergy is based on the medical history, the detection of specific IgE to wheat, and oral food challenges. Currently, the main treatment of a wheat allergy is based on avoidance of wheat altogether. However, in the near future immunotherapy may represent a valid way to treat IgE mediated reactions to wheat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Cianferoni
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Allergy and Immunology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gomez-Torrijos E, Rodriguez-Sanchez J, Diaz-Perales A, Garcia R, Feo JF, Garcia C, Pineda F, Quirce S. Occupational allergic multiorgan disease induced by wheat flour. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 136:1114-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
14
|
Mameri H, Brossard C, Gaudin JC, Gohon Y, Paty E, Beaudouin E, Moneret-Vautrin DA, Drouet M, Solé V, Wien F, Lupi R, Larré C, Snégaroff J, Denery-Papini S. Structural Basis of IgE Binding to α- and γ-Gliadins: Contribution of Disulfide Bonds and Repetitive and Nonrepetitive Domains. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:6546-6554. [PMID: 26186140 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b01922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Wheat products cause IgE-mediated allergies. The present study aimed to decipher the molecular basis of α- and γ-gliadin allergenicity. Gliadins and their domains, the repetitive N-terminal and the nonrepetitive C-terminal domains, were cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. Their secondary structures and their IgE binding capacity were compared with those of natural proteins before and after reduction/alkylation. Allergenicity was evaluated with sera from patients who had a wheat food allergy or baker's asthma. The secondary structures of natural and recombinant proteins were slightly different. Compared with natural gliadins, recombinant proteins retained IgE binding but with reduced reactivity. Reduction/alkylation decreased IgE binding for both natural and recombinant gliadins. Although more continuous epitopes were identified in the N-terminal domains of α- and γ-gliadins, both the N-terminal and C-terminal domains contributed to IgE binding. As for other members of the prolamin superfamily, disulfide bonds appear to be of high importance for IgE binding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamza Mameri
- †INRA, UR1268 BIA (Biopolymers, Interactions, Assemblies), F-44316 Nantes, France
- ‡INRA, UMR1318, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA-AgroParisTech, F-78026 Versailles, France
| | - Chantal Brossard
- †INRA, UR1268 BIA (Biopolymers, Interactions, Assemblies), F-44316 Nantes, France
| | - Jean-Charles Gaudin
- †INRA, UR1268 BIA (Biopolymers, Interactions, Assemblies), F-44316 Nantes, France
| | - Yann Gohon
- ‡INRA, UMR1318, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA-AgroParisTech, F-78026 Versailles, France
| | - Evelyne Paty
- §Service de Pneumologie et d'Allergologie Pédiatrique, Groupe hospitalier Necker, F-75015 Paris, France
| | | | | | - Martine Drouet
- ⊥Unité d'Allergologie Générale et de Pneumologie, CHU d'Angers, F-49933 Angers, France
| | - Véronique Solé
- †INRA, UR1268 BIA (Biopolymers, Interactions, Assemblies), F-44316 Nantes, France
| | - Frank Wien
- #Synchrotron Soleil, Saint-Aubin, F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Roberta Lupi
- †INRA, UR1268 BIA (Biopolymers, Interactions, Assemblies), F-44316 Nantes, France
| | - Colette Larré
- †INRA, UR1268 BIA (Biopolymers, Interactions, Assemblies), F-44316 Nantes, France
| | - Jacques Snégaroff
- ‡INRA, UMR1318, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA-AgroParisTech, F-78026 Versailles, France
| | - Sandra Denery-Papini
- †INRA, UR1268 BIA (Biopolymers, Interactions, Assemblies), F-44316 Nantes, France
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhang Y, Luo G, Liu D, Wang D, Yang W, Sun J, Zhang A, Zhan K. Genome-, Transcriptome- and Proteome-Wide Analyses of the Gliadin Gene Families in Triticum urartu. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131559. [PMID: 26132381 PMCID: PMC4489009 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliadins are the major components of storage proteins in wheat grains, and they play an essential role in the dough extensibility and nutritional quality of flour. Because of the large number of the gliadin family members, the high level of sequence identity, and the lack of abundant genomic data for Triticum species, identifying the full complement of gliadin family genes in hexaploid wheat remains challenging. Triticum urartu is a wild diploid wheat species and considered the A-genome donor of polyploid wheat species. The accession PI428198 (G1812) was chosen to determine the complete composition of the gliadin gene families in the wheat A-genome using the available draft genome. Using a PCR-based cloning strategy for genomic DNA and mRNA as well as a bioinformatics analysis of genomic sequence data, 28 gliadin genes were characterized. Of these genes, 23 were α-gliadin genes, three were γ-gliadin genes and two were ω-gliadin genes. An RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) survey of the dynamic expression patterns of gliadin genes revealed that their synthesis in immature grains began prior to 10 days post-anthesis (DPA), peaked at 15 DPA and gradually decreased at 20 DPA. The accumulation of proteins encoded by 16 of the expressed gliadin genes was further verified and quantified using proteomic methods. The phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the homologs of these α-gliadin genes were present in tetraploid and hexaploid wheat, which was consistent with T. urartu being the A-genome progenitor species. This study presents a systematic investigation of the gliadin gene families in T. urartu that spans the genome, transcriptome and proteome, and it provides new information to better understand the molecular structure, expression profiles and evolution of the gliadin genes in T. urartu and common wheat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanlin Zhang
- College of Agronomy/The Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain Crops in Henan, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guangbin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongcheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Dongzhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenlong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Jiazhu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
| | - Aimin Zhang
- College of Agronomy/The Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain Crops in Henan, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (KZ); (AZ)
| | - Kehui Zhan
- College of Agronomy/The Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain Crops in Henan, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- * E-mail: (KZ); (AZ)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bittner C, Peters U, Frenzel K, Müsken H, Brettschneider R. New wheat allergens related to baker's asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2015; 136:1416-8.e1-2. [PMID: 26100087 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2015.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cordula Bittner
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Maritime Medicine (ZfAM), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Biocenter Klein Flottbek and Botanical Garden, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Karsten Frenzel
- Biocenter Klein Flottbek and Botanical Garden, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Peters U, Frenzel K, Brettschneider R, Oldenburg M, Bittner C. Identification of two metallothioneins as novel inhalative coffee allergens cof a 2 and cof a 3. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0126455. [PMID: 25962169 PMCID: PMC4427360 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dust of green coffee beans is known to be a relevant cause for occupational allergic disorders in coffee industry workers. Recently, we described the first coffee allergen (Cof a 1) establishing an allergenic potential of green coffee dust. Objective Our aim was to identify allergenic components of green coffee in order to enhance inhalative coffee allergy diagnosis. Methods A Coffea arabica pJuFo cDNA phage display library was created and screened for IgE binding with sera from allergic coffee workers. Two further coffee allergens were identified by sequence analysis, expressed in E. coli, and evaluated by Western blots. The prevalence of sensitization to recombinant Cof a 1, Cof a 2, and Cof a 3 and to commercially available extract was investigated by ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) respectively CAP (capacity test) screening in 18 sera of symptomatic coffee workers. Results In addition to the previously described chitinase Cof a 1, two Coffea arabica cysteine-rich metallothioneins of 9 and 7 kDa were identified and included in the IUIS Allergen Nomenclature as Cof a 2 and Cof a 3. Serum IgE antibodies to at least one of the recombinant allergens were found in 8 out of 18 symptomatic coffee workers (44%). Only 2 of the analysed sera (11%) had reacted previously to the commercial allergy test. Conclusions In addition to the previously described Cof a 1 we have identified two further coffee proteins to be type I coffee allergens (Cof a 2 and Cof a 3) which may have a relevant potential for the specific diagnosis and/or therapy of coffee allergy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Peters
- Biocenter Klein Flottbek and Botanical Garden, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Karsten Frenzel
- Biocenter Klein Flottbek and Botanical Garden, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Marcus Oldenburg
- Institute for Occupational Medicine and Maritime Medicine (ZfAM), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cordula Bittner
- Institute for Occupational Medicine and Maritime Medicine (ZfAM), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Han C, Lu X, Yu Z, Li X, Ma W, Yan Y. Rapid separation of seed gliadins by reversed-phase ultra performance liquid chromatography (RP-UPLC) and its application in wheat cultivar and germplasm identification. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2015; 79:808-15. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2014.998618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
To separate gliadin from wheat flour, a novel and stability-indicating reversed-phase ultra performance liquid chromatography (RP-UPLC) method is established and optimized. A comparative analysis of routine capillary electrophoresis (CE), reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), and RP-UPLC was performed and the results showed that the resolution and efficiency of RP-UPLC were significantly higher than those of CE and RP-HPLC. Characteristic RP-UPLC patterns of different bread wheat variety and related species were readily identified. These results demonstrated that our RP-UPLC procedure resulted in significant improvements in sensitivity, speed, and resolution, and thus is highly useful in wheat cultivar and germplasm identification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Han
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Proteomics, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xaiobing Lu
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Proteomics, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Zitong Yu
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Proteomics, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Proteomics, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Wujun Ma
- School of Veterinary & Life Sciences, Murdoch University and Australian Export Grains Innovation Centre, Perth, Australia
| | - Yueming Yan
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Proteomics, College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Song TW, Hong JY, Lee KE, Kim MN, Kim YH, Lee SY, Kim KW, Sohn MH, Kim KE. IgE reactivity to carbohydrate moieties of glycoproteins in wheat allergy. Allergy Asthma Proc 2015; 36:192-9. [PMID: 25976436 DOI: 10.2500/aap.2015.36.3815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Carbohydrate moieties of different glycoproteins, such as cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants (CCDs) and galactose α-1,3-galactose, can induce IgE reactivity with varied clinical significance. In this study, the possible participation of glycan from wheat gliadin, with respect to its IgE-binding capacity, was investigated in children with food allergies to wheat. Total IgE and wheat-specific IgE quantification, documentation of history, and/or oral food challenge (OFC) were performed for 52 children. Subjects with positive wheat-specific IgE were characterized as the symptomatic group, never-exposed group, or asymptomatic group. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and glycan detection in gliadin were performed. IgE binding to gliadin and deglycosylated gliadin was measured by immunoblotting and ELISA. Gliadin-specific IgE was detected and correlated with wheat-specific IgE in the symptomatic, never-exposed, and asymptomatic groups. The glycan range overlapped significantly with the gliadin range. Deglycosylation of gliadin reduced the allergenicity of gliadin. In gliadin, the allergenicity of the glycan portion was greater in the symptomatic group than in the never-exposed and asymptomatic groups. We conclude that N-glycan in gliadin might exhibit allergenicity as a possible carbohydrate epitope in wheat allergy in children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tae Won Song
- Department of Pediatrics, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
The α-gliadin genes from Brachypodium distachyon L. provide evidence for a significant gap in the current genome assembly. Funct Integr Genomics 2013; 14:149-60. [PMID: 24318766 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-013-0353-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Revised: 11/03/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Brachypodium distachyon, is a new model plant for most cereal crops while gliadin is a class of wheat storage proteins related with wheat quality attributes. In the published B. distachyon genome sequence databases, no gliadin gene is found. In the current study, a number of gliadin genes in B. distachyon were isolated, which is contradictory to the results of genome sequencing projects. In our study, the B. distachyon seeds were found to have no gliadin protein expression by gel electrophoresis, reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and Western blotting analysis. However, Southern blotting revealed a presence of more than ten copies of α-gliadin coding genes in B. distachyon. By means of AS-PCR amplification, four novel full-ORF α-gliadin genes, and 26 pseudogenes with at least one stop codon as well as their promoter regions were cloned and sequenced from different Brachypodium accessions. Sequence analysis revealed a few of single-nucleotide polymorphisms among these genes. Most pseudogenes were resulted from a C to T change, leading to the generation of TAG or TAA in-frame stop codon. To compare both the full-ORFs and the pseudogenes among Triticum and Triticum-related species, their structural characteristics were analyzed. Based on the four T cell stimulatory toxic epitopes and two ployglutamine domains, Aegilops, Triticum, and Brachypodium species were found to be more closely related. The phylogenetic analysis further revealed that B. distachyon was more closely related to Aegilops tauschii, Aegilops umbellulata, and the A or D genome of Triticum aestivum. The α-gliadin genes were able to express successfully in E. coli using the functional T7 promoter. The relative and absolute quantification of the transcripts of α-gliadin genes in wheat was much higher than that in B. distachyon. The abundant pseudogenes may affect the transcriptional and/or posttranscriptional level of the α-gliadin in B. distachyon.
Collapse
|
21
|
Nam YH, Hwang EK, Jin HJ, Lee JM, Shin YS, Ye YM, Palacin A, Salcedo G, Lee SY, Park HS. Comparison of specific IgE antibodies to wheat component allergens in two phenotypes of wheat allergy. J Korean Med Sci 2013; 28:1697-9. [PMID: 24265539 PMCID: PMC3835518 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2013.28.11.1697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Specific IgE to gliadin was proposed as a marker for wheat dependent exercise induced anaphylaxis, while Tri a 14 was found to induce IgE response in baker's asthma. We evaluated whether these components could be used for discriminating phenotypes of wheat allergy. Twenty-nine patients who were wheat-induced anaphylaxis and/or urticaria (n=21, group I) and baker's asthma (n=8, group II) were enrolled. The prevalence of serum specific IgE to Tri a 14 was higher in group II (25%) than in group I (4.8%), while the serum specific IgE to gliadin was significantly higher in group I (70%) than in group II (12.5%). The cutoff value for predicting the baker's asthma using the ratio of serum specific IgE to Tri a 14 to gliadin was 742.8 optical density×1,000/(kU/L) with high sensitivity and specificity. These findings suggest that Tri a 14/gliadin may be a potential marker for predicting baker's asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young-Hee Nam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Eui-Kyung Hwang
- Department of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Jin
- Department of Internal medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jeong Min Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Yoo-Seob Shin
- Department of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Young-Min Ye
- Department of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Arantxa Palacin
- Unidad de Bioquimica, Departamento de Biotecnología, E.T.S. Ingenieros Agronomos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gabriel Salcedo
- Unidad de Bioquimica, Departamento de Biotecnología, E.T.S. Ingenieros Agronomos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Soo-Young Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hae-Sim Park
- Department of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Mohammadien HA, Hussein MT, El-Sokkary RT. Effects of exposure to flour dust on respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function of mill workers. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF CHEST DISEASES AND TUBERCULOSIS 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcdt.2013.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
|
23
|
Uvackova L, Skultety L, Bekesova S, McClain S, Hajduch M. MS(E) based multiplex protein analysis quantified important allergenic proteins and detected relevant peptides carrying known epitopes in wheat grain extracts. J Proteome Res 2013; 12:4862-9. [PMID: 24007624 DOI: 10.1021/pr400336f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The amount of clinically relevant, allergy-related proteins in wheat grain is still largely unknown. The application of proteomics may create a platform not only for identification and characterization, but also for quantitation of these proteins. The aim of this study was to evaluate the data-independent quantitative mass spectrometry (MS(E)) approach in combination with 76 wheat allergenic sequences downloaded from the AllergenOnline database ( www.allergenonline.org ) as a starting point. Alcohol soluble extracts of gliadin and glutenin proteins were analyzed. This approach has resulted in identification and quantification of 15 allergenic protein isoforms that belong to amylase/trypsin inhibitors, γ-gliadins, and high or low molecular weight glutenins. Additionally, several peptides carrying four previously discovered epitopes of γ-gliadin B precursor have been detected. These data were validated against the UniProt database, which contained 11764 Triticeae protein sequences. The identified allergens are discussed in relation to Baker's asthma, food allergy, wheat dependent exercise induced anaphylaxis, atopic dermatitis, and celiac disease (i.e., gluten-sensitive enteropathy). In summary, the results showed that the MS(E) approach is suitable for quantitative analysis and allergens profiling in wheat varieties and/or other food matrices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lubica Uvackova
- Institute of Plant Genetics and Biotechnology, Slovak Academy of Sciences , 950 07, Nitra, Slovakia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Pasha I, Saeed F, Sultan MT, Batool R, Aziz M, Ahmed W. Wheat Allergy and Intolerence; Recent Updates and Perspectives. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2013; 56:13-24. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2012.659818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
25
|
Quirce S, Diaz-Perales A. Diagnosis and management of grain-induced asthma. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2013; 5:348-56. [PMID: 24179680 PMCID: PMC3810540 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2013.5.6.348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Grain-induced asthma is a frequent occupational allergic disease mainly caused by inhalation of cereal flour or powder. The main professions affected are bakers, confectioners, pastry factory workers, millers, farmers, and cereal handlers. This disorder is usually due to an IgE-mediated allergic response to inhalation of cereal flour proteins. The major causative allergens of grain-related asthma are proteins derived from wheat, rye and barley flour, although baking additives, such as fungal α-amylase are also important. This review deals with the current diagnosis and treatment of grain-induced asthma, emphasizing the role of cereal allergens as molecular tools to enhance diagnosis and management of this disorder. Asthma-like symptoms caused by endotoxin exposure among grain workers are beyond the scope of this review. Progress is being made in the characterization of grain and bakery allergens, particularly cereal-derived allergens, as well as in the standardization of allergy tests. Salt-soluble proteins (albumins plus globulins), particularly members of the α-amylase/trypsin inhibitor family, thioredoxins, peroxidase, lipid transfer protein and other soluble enzymes show the strongest IgE reactivities in wheat flour. In addition, prolamins (not extractable by salt solutions) have also been claimed as potential allergens. However, the large variability of IgE-binding patterns of cereal proteins among patients with grain-induced asthma, together with the great differences in the concentrations of potential allergens observed in commercial cereal extracts used for diagnosis, highlight the necessity to standardize and improve the diagnostic tools. Removal from exposure to the offending agents is the cornerstone of the management of grain-induced asthma. The availability of purified allergens should be very helpful for a more refined diagnosis, and new immunomodulatory treatments, including allergen immunotherapy and biological drugs, should aid in the management of patients with this disorder.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Quirce
- Department of Allergy, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ) and CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kushwaha R, Payne CM, Downie AB. Uses of phage display in agriculture: a review of food-related protein-protein interactions discovered by biopanning over diverse baits. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2013; 2013:653759. [PMID: 23710253 PMCID: PMC3655605 DOI: 10.1155/2013/653759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights discoveries made using phage display that impact the use of agricultural products. The contribution phage display made to our fundamental understanding of how various protective molecules serve to safeguard plants and seeds from herbivores and microbes is discussed. The utility of phage display for directed evolution of enzymes with enhanced capacities to degrade the complex polymers of the cell wall into molecules useful for biofuel production is surveyed. Food allergies are often directed against components of seeds; this review emphasizes how phage display has been employed to determine the seed component(s) contributing most to the allergenic reaction and how it has played a central role in novel approaches to mitigate patient response. Finally, an overview of the use of phage display in identifying the mature seed proteome protection and repair mechanisms is provided. The identification of specific classes of proteins preferentially bound by such protection and repair proteins leads to hypotheses concerning the importance of safeguarding the translational apparatus from damage during seed quiescence and environmental perturbations during germination. These examples, it is hoped, will spur the use of phage display in future plant science examining protein-ligand interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Kushwaha
- Department of Horticulture, Agricultural Science Center North, University of Kentucky, Room 308J, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
- Seed Biology Group, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| | - Christina M. Payne
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Room 159, F. Paul Anderson Tower, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
- Center for Computational Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA
| | - A. Bruce Downie
- Seed Biology Group, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
- Department of Horticulture, University of Kentucky, Room 401A, Plant Science Building, Lexington, KY 40546, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Li J, Wang SL, Cao M, Lv DW, Subburaj S, Li XH, Zeller FJ, Hsam SLK, Yan YM. Cloning, expression, and evolutionary analysis of α-gliadin genes from Triticum and Aegilops genomes. J Appl Genet 2013; 54:157-67. [PMID: 23456845 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-013-0139-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Revised: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Fifteen novel α-gliadin genes were cloned and sequenced from Triticum and related Aegilops genomes by allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR). Sequence comparison displayed high diversities in the α-gliadin gene family. Four toxic epitopes and glutamine residues in the two polyglutamine domains facilitated these α-gliadins to be assigned to specific chromosomes. Five representative α-gliadin genes were successfully expressed in Escherichia coli, and their amount reached a maximum after 4 h induced by isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactoside (IPTG), indicating a high level of expression under the control of T7 promoter. The transcriptional expression of α-gliadin genes during grain development detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) showed a similar up-down regulation pattern in different genotypes. A neighbor-joining tree constructed with both full-open reading frame (ORF) α-gliadin genes and pseudogenes further revealed the origin and phylogenetic relationships among Triticum and related Aegilops genomes. The evolutionary analysis demonstrated that α-gliadin genes evolved mainly by synonymous substitutions under strong purifying selection during the evolutionary process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Li
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, 100048, Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
van Kampen V, de Blay F, Folletti I, Kobierski P, Moscato G, Olivieri M, Quirce S, Sastre J, Walusiak-Skorupa J, Raulf-Heimsoth M. EAACI position paper: skin prick testing in the diagnosis of occupational type I allergies. Allergy 2013; 68:580-4. [PMID: 23409759 DOI: 10.1111/all.12120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Skin prick testing (SPT) in combination with the clinical history of the patient is one important step in the diagnosis of IgE-mediated occupational allergies. However, skin test performance is related to the quality of allergen extracts. The present consensus document was prepared by an EAACI Task Force consisting of an expert panel of allergologists and occupational physicians from Germany, Italy, Spain, France, Austria, and Poland. All members of the panel were also involved in the data collection within the European multicentre study STADOCA (Standard diagnosis for occupational allergy). The aim of this Task Force was the assessment of the quality of commercially available SPT solutions for selected occupational allergens under standardized procedure conditions in different European centres and institutes of Occupational Medicine. The data evaluation shows a wide variability among SPT solutions and also indicates that the sensitivity of several SPT solutions is low. Therefore, improvement and standardization of SPT solutions for occupational allergens is highly recommended. Clinical practitioners should also not presume that their SPT solutions are fully reliable. The main objective of the document is to issue consensus suggestions for the use of SPT with occupational allergens based on the European multicentre study STADOCA, on existing scientific evidence and the expertise of a panel of allergologists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V. van Kampen
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance; Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA); Bochum; Germany
| | - F. de Blay
- Department of Chest Diseases; University Hospital Strasbourg; Strasbourg; France
| | - I. Folletti
- Occupational Medicine; Terni Hospital; University of Perugia; Perugia; Italy
| | - P. Kobierski
- Austrian workers compensation board; Rehabilitation Clinic Tobelbad; Tobelbad; Austria
| | - G. Moscato
- Allergy and Immunology Unit; Fondazione ‘Salvatore Maugeri’; Institute of Research and Care; Scientific Institute of Pavia; Pavia; Italy
| | - M. Olivieri
- Unit of Occupational Medicine; University Hospital of Verona; Verona; Italy
| | - S. Quirce
- Department of Allergy; Hospital La Paz (IdiPAZ) and CIBER of Respiratory Diseases CIBERES; Madrid; Spain
| | - J. Sastre
- Department of Allergy; Fundación Jiménez Díaz and CIBER of Respiratory Diseases CIBERES; Madrid; Spain
| | | | - M. Raulf-Heimsoth
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance; Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA); Bochum; Germany
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
How much does transgenesis affect wheat allergenicity?: Assessment in two GM lines over-expressing endogenous genes. J Proteomics 2013; 80:281-91. [PMID: 23403254 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Revised: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Wheat kernel albumins/globulins (A/G) and gluten proteins are responsible for baker's asthma and food allergy in atopic subjects. Although no commercial genetically modified wheats are currently being grown, they are under study and the allergenicity of GM products is a major concern. In order to establish the expected and unexpected effects of genetic transformation on allergenicity and also to carry out a safety assessment of genetic transformation, two GM wheat lines (bread and pasta wheat) transformed with endogenous genes were compared to their untransformed counterparts (wt), first by an allergenomic approach, and second, using ELISA with sera from patients suffering from food allergy to wheat and baker's asthma. The 2D immunoblots performed on sera from patients suffering from food allergy and baker's asthma on the A/G fraction of the four lines (two GM and two wt) revealed comparable IgE-binding profiles. A total of 109 IgE-binding spots were analyzed by mass spectrometry, and most of the proteins identified had already been described as allergens or potential allergens. Only two IgE-binding proteins were specific to one GM line. The concentration of specific IgE against the A/G fractions of GM wheat lines and their wt genotypes differed for some sera. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE The originality of our paper is to relate the transformation of wheat lines with their potential allergenicity using patient sera, such focus has never been done before in wheat and should be of interest to the researches working in this field. Another interesting point of this paper is the study of two types of allergies (respiratory and food) on two wheat genotypes and their GM which reveals that some allergens already known in respiratory allergy could be involved in children suffering from wheat food allergy. In this paper we used a classical 2D proteomic analysis and the protein identifications were performed by mass spectrometry after spot picking and in gel trypsin hydrolysis. Concerning the LC-MS/MS analyses classical software and parameters were used as described in Material and methods. We worked on wheat which is actually not fully sequenced that was a difficulty; we therefore searched against two databanks (proteins and ESTs) in order to compare the results. Moreover all proteins reported in our paper were identified with at least three unique peptides. The identified proteins were checked for their potential allergenicity. In order to have a best interpretation of protein identified in terms of potential allergens, BLAST alignments were performed by using an allergen databank (SDAP). This allows the determination of the cross-reactivity of these identified proteins with known allergens of other species and also the prediction of a potential allergenicity.
Collapse
|
30
|
IgE Reactivity to Common Cypress (C. sempervirens) Pollen Extracts: Evidence for Novel Allergens. World Allergy Organ J 2013; 3:229-234. [PMID: 23282715 PMCID: PMC3651100 DOI: 10.1097/wox.0b013e3181eb3525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cypress pollen is becoming an increasing cause of respiratory allergy in some regions worldwide. Objective The aim of this study was to determine some of the main allergens implicated in the common cypress (C. sempervirens) pollen allergy. Methods Pollen extracts were optimized by using some detergents and chaotropes in order to solubilize both water and non-water soluble proteins. C. sempervirens pollen extracts were resolved by one and two dimensional electrophoresis and assayed with sera of allergic subjects. Results Five predominant allergens with apparent molecular masses ranging from 14 to 94 kDa were detected. Two principal IgE-binding patterns were clearly distinguishable: a first one represents patients with a heterogeneous IgE reactivity to several allergens (pI 3.5-8.5) with molecular masses ranging from 35 to 94 kDa (HMW). The second one corresponds to little less than 50 percent of tested patients with specific IgE binding to 2-3 spots (pI 10-11) of about 14 kDa and weak or no reactivity to HMW allergens. Conclusion The extraction of water insoluble proteins allows the revelation of novel allergens as well as different allergen sensitization patterns in the C. sempervirens pollen allergy. These novel IgE reactive components may subsequently be applied to expand the panel of well-defined cypress pollen molecules for a more efficient allergen-based diagnosis and therapy.
Collapse
|
31
|
Bazan J, Całkosiński I, Gamian A. Phage display--a powerful technique for immunotherapy: 2. Vaccine delivery. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2012; 8:1829-35. [PMID: 22906938 DOI: 10.4161/hv.21704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Phage display is a powerful technique in medical and health biotechnology. This technology has led to formation of antibody libraries and has provided techniques for fast and efficient search of these libraries. The phage display technique has been used in studying the protein-protein or protein-ligand interactions, constructing of the antibody and antibody fragments and improving the affinity of proteins to receptors. Recently phage display has been widely used to study immunization process, develop novel vaccines and investigate allergen-antibody interactions. This technology can provide new tools for protection against viral, fungal and bacterial infections. It may become a valuable tool in cancer therapies, abuse and allergies treatment. This review presents the recent advancements in diagnostic and therapeutic applications of phage display. In particular the applicability of this technology to study the immunization process, construction of new vaccines and development of safer and more efficient delivery strategies has been described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Bazan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry; Wroclaw Medical University; Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Mameri H, Bouchez I, Pecquet C, Raison-Peyron N, Choudat D, Chabane H, Kerre S, Denery-Papini S, Gohon Y, Briozzo P, Laurière M, Snégaroff J. A recombinant ω-gliadin-like D-type glutenin and an α-gliadin from wheat (Triticum aestivum): two immunoglobulin E binding proteins, useful for the diagnosis of wheat-dependent allergies. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2012; 60:8059-8068. [PMID: 22809016 DOI: 10.1021/jf301992w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Among the wheat prolamins, D-type glutenins display a highly repetitive sequence similar to ω-gliadins, but they contain a cysteine, that allows them to be included in the gluten macropolymers. An ω-gliadin-like D-type glutenin, an α-gliadin, and an ω5-gliadin-like D-type glutenin were obtained as recombinant proteins and compared using synchrotron radiation circular dichroism. This technique evidenced the strong thermostability of the ω5-gliadin-like protein. The IgE reactivity of recombinant proteins was evaluated using 45 sera from wheat-allergic patients. The sera from patients diagnosed with cutaneous hypersensitivity to hydrolyzed wheat proteins often reacted with the ω-gliadin-like D-type glutenin and α-gliadin, whereas the IgE reaction was less frequent after dietary sensitization. So, these two proteins could be useful to diagnose these diseases. The sera from patients with exercise-induced anaphylaxis recognized the ω5-gliadin-like protein as a positive control and, less frequently, the other proteins tested. Only some sera from patients with baker's asthma reacted with the proteins tested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamza Mameri
- INRA, UMR1318, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, Versailles, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Pahr S, Constantin C, Mari A, Scheiblhofer S, Thalhamer J, Ebner C, Vrtala S, Mittermann I, Valenta R. Molecular characterization of wheat allergens specifically recognized by patients suffering from wheat-induced respiratory allergy. Clin Exp Allergy 2012; 42:597-609. [PMID: 22417217 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2012.03961.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is an important allergen source responsible for various clinical manifestations of allergy (i.e. food allergy, pollen allergy, respiratory allergy to flour-Baker's asthma). OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was the molecular and immunological characterization of new recombinant wheat allergens and to evaluate their usefulness for the diagnosis of allergy to wheat. METHODS A T. aestivum cDNA library was constructed and screened with serum IgE from patients suffering from wheat allergy to identify cDNAs coding for new wheat allergens. The allergen-encoding cDNAs were expressed in Escherichia coli and purified to homogeneity. IgE reactivity of recombinant proteins was analysed in RAST-based, non-denaturing dot blot experiments and by ELISA with sera from wheat allergic patients and their allergenic activity was assessed in basophil degranulation experiments. RESULTS We report the molecular characterization, recombinant expression and purification of five wheat allergens, a thioredoxin h isoform, glutathione transferase, 1-Cys-peroxiredoxin, profilin and dehydrin. Homologous proteins were identified by sequence comparisons in various plants. 1-Cys-peroxiredoxin appeared to be the most relevant of the newly identified wheat allergens according to prevalence of IgE recognition and results from basophil degranulation experiments. It showed IgE cross-reactivity with seed proteins from barley, rye, rice, maize, soy, oat and spelt. 1-Cys-peroxiredoxin, glutathione transferase and dehydrin were mainly recognized by patients with baker's asthma but not wheat-induced food allergy. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The characterized recombinant wheat allergens may be useful for the development of serological tests which allow the discrimination of different clinical manifestations of wheat allergy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Pahr
- Division of Immunopathology, Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Wang S, Lv J, Wang P, Yin X, Tan A, Chen Y. Recombinant human CD137L for cancer immunotherapy: effects of different fusions and linkers on its activity. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2012; 61:489-95. [PMID: 21968735 PMCID: PMC11029538 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-011-1097-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2011] [Accepted: 08/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Co-stimulatory molecules can be efficiently produced as a recombinant protein in E. coli with a large range of applications in the fields of immunotherapy. However, whether, different fusions that would affect their functions have rarely been analyzed. To explore the effects of different fusions and linkers on the molecular conformation and activity of CD137 ligand (CD137L), a recombinant human CD137L protein (rhCD137L) library, which consists of the entire extracellular domain of human CD137L fused to N- or C-terminal His-tag through different linkers, was constructed and all rhCD137Ls were, respectively, expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) strain carrying a chaperone plasmid pG-Tf2. After purification of the soluble rhCD137Ls, the recombinant fusion proteins could markedly promote the growth of activated T cells, but their effects on cytokine productions were different from each other. The present work indicated that, although all rhCD137Ls have desired biological activity, different fusions and linkers did affect their structures and functions. Consequently, rational design of a library is a necessary and feasible approach for fusion proteins in order to obtain a satisfactory drug candidate for further development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuzhen Wang
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210009 People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Antitumor Drug Research, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junfang Lv
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210009 People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Antitumor Drug Research, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Wang
- Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical R&D Co., Ltd., No. 699-18, Xuanwu Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210042 People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Antitumor Drug Research, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaojin Yin
- Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical R&D Co., Ltd., No. 699-18, Xuanwu Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210042 People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Antitumor Drug Research, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Aimin Tan
- Jiangsu Simcere Pharmaceutical R&D Co., Ltd., No. 699-18, Xuanwu Avenue, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210042 People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Antitumor Drug Research, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yijun Chen
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjia Street, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210009 People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Antitumor Drug Research, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Manavski N, Peters U, Brettschneider R, Oldenburg M, Baur X, Bittner C. Cof a 1: Identification, Expression and Immunoreactivity of the First Coffee Allergen. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2012; 159:235-42. [DOI: 10.1159/000337461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2011] [Accepted: 02/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
|
36
|
Fishwick D, Harris-Roberts J, Robinson E, Evans G, Barraclough R, Sen D, Curran AD. Impact of worker education on respiratory symptoms and sensitization in bakeries. Occup Med (Lond) 2011; 61:321-7. [PMID: 21831816 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqr116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flour exposure is known to cause significant respiratory problems. AIMS To investigate the development of work-related sensitization, the period between first exposure and the development of symptoms (latent period) and the impact of workplace training programmes on respiratory health in plant bakers. METHODS Two hundred and sixty-four bakers were investigated by assessing work-related respiratory symptoms and latent period before symptoms/sensitization, spirometry and testing for an array of workplace-specific IgE. RESULTS There was a significant relationship between the presence of work-related respiratory symptoms and flour dust allergen-specific IgE. Latent periods varied widely: median for work-related nasal symptoms 36 months, cough 42 months and chest tightness 120 months. Latent periods were shorter for workers with evidence of flour sensitization (work-related wheeze: mean 13 months with sensitization, 97 months without, P < 0.05, work-related nasal symptoms, respectively; mean 19 months, 71 months, P < 0.01). Those warned of the health implications of flour dust had less work-related wheeze (warned; 1%, not warned 11%, P < 0.05). There was an excess of work-related symptoms and work-related-specific IgE combined in those who had not been warned of these health implications (12 versus 1%, P <0.01). CONCLUSIONS Reporting of 'being warned' of potential health implications from breathing flour dust protected strongly against the reporting of important health end points. Latent periods for the development of work-related symptoms varied widely. Simple health messages, which may be overlooked in worker training programmes, can have significant benefits for worker health in the bakery population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Fishwick
- Health and Safety Laboratory, Buxton, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Khodadadi I, Abdi M, Aliabadi M, Mirmoeini ES. Exposure to respirable flour dust and gliadin in wheat flour mills. J Occup Health 2011; 53:417-22. [PMID: 21996928 DOI: 10.1539/joh.11-0045-oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine the concentrations of respirable flour dusts and gliadin as well as gliadin-specific serum antibodies in exposed workers of Hamadan wheat flour mill factories. METHODS Blood samples from 95 exposed workers and 80 air samples from flour packing, husk packing, flour production and wheat unloading areas were collected. Respirable flour dust density was measured by a gravimetric method, and dust gliadin concentration as well as serum antibodies were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS The Time-weighted average (TWA) flour dust density was higher in all factories (1.56-4.68 mg/m(3)) compared with the threshold limit value (0.5 mg/m(3)) of ACGIH and showed a positive correlation with the gliadin concentration (p<0.05). Additionally, the respirable dust and gliadin concentrations were significantly higher at flour packing workstations compare with the other work areas. Moreover, the mean serum gliadin-specific IgA and IgG and total IgE antibodies were remarkably higher in exposed mill workers compared with the controls (p<0.05). CONCLUSION We clearly demonstrated that workers in Hamadan flour mills are in exposed to a hazardous level of respirable flour dust, receiving the highest level of dust and gliadin in flour packing areas. Furthermore, dust-exposed workers showed upper levels of serum antibodies indicating exposure to higher amounts of allergens than controls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iraj Khodadadi
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Sander I, Rozynek P, Rihs HP, van Kampen V, Chew FT, Lee WS, Kotschy-Lang N, Merget R, Brüning T, Raulf-Heimsoth M. Multiple wheat flour allergens and cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants bind IgE in baker's asthma. Allergy 2011; 66:1208-15. [PMID: 21557753 DOI: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2011.02636.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several wheat flour allergens relevant to baker's asthma have been identified in the last 25 years. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of sensitization to these allergens in German bakers. METHODS Using recombinant DNA technology, the following wheat flour allergens were cloned, expressed in Escherichia coli and purified: five subunits of the wheat α-amylase inhibitors (WTAI-CM1, WTAI-CM2, WTAI-CM3, WDAI-0.19 and WMAI-0.28), thioredoxin, thiol reductase or 1-cys-peroxiredoxin homologues, triosephosphate-isomerase, αβ-gliadin, serpin, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-dehydrogenase, a nonspecific lipid transfer protein (nsLTP), dehydrin, profilin and peroxidase. In addition, ImmunoCAPs with the recombinant allergen ω-5-gliadin and two cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants (CCDs), horse radish peroxidase (HRP) and the N-glycan of bromelain (MUXF), were used. Specific IgE was measured in wheat flour-positive sera from 40 German bakers with work-related asthma/rhinitis and 10 controls with pollinosis. RESULTS Thirty bakers (75%) had IgE to at least one of the 19 single allergens. Most frequent was IgE to WDAI-0.19, HRP and MUXF (25% each), followed by WTAI-CM1 (20%), thiol reductase (16%), WTAI-CM3 (15%), WTAI-CM2 and thioredoxin (12.5%), WMAI-28, triosephosphate-isomerase, αβ-gliadin (10%), 1-cys-peroxiredoxin (7.5%), dehydrin, serpin, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-dehydrogenase (5%), ω-5-gliadin, nsLTP and profilin (2.5%). Fifteen bakers (38%) had IgE to any α-amylase inhibitor and 12 (30%) to at least one CCD. The controls reacted exclusively to CCDs (80%), profilin (60%), thioredoxin (30%), triosephosphate isomerase and nsLTP (10%). CONCLUSIONS The single allergen sensitization profiles obtained with 17 recombinant wheat flour allergens and two CCDs revealed no major allergen for German bakers. The highest frequencies were found for α-amylase inhibitors and CCDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Sander
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine, German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum (IPA), Department of Allergology/Immunology, Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, Bochum, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Mamone G, Picariello G, Addeo F, Ferranti P. Proteomic analysis in allergy and intolerance to wheat products. Expert Rev Proteomics 2011; 8:95-115. [PMID: 21329430 DOI: 10.1586/epr.10.98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Owing to its extensive use in the human diet, wheat is among the most common causes of food-related allergies and intolerances. Allergies to wheat are provoked by ingestion, inhalation or contact with either the soluble or the insoluble gluten proteins in wheat. Gluten proteins, and particularly the gliadin fraction, are also the main factor triggering celiac disease, a common enteropathy induced by ingestion of wheat gluten proteins and related prolamins from oat, rye and barley in genetically susceptible individuals. The role of gliadin and of its derived peptides in eliciting the adverse reactions in celiac disease are still far from being completely explained. Owing to its unique pathogenesis, celiac disease is widely investigated as a model immunogenetic disorder. The structural characterization of the injuring agents, the gluten proteins, assumes a particular significance in order to deepen the understanding of the events that trigger this and similar diseases at the molecular level. Recent developments in proteomics have provided an important contribution to the understanding of several basic aspects of wheat protein-related diseases. These include: the identification of gluten fractions and derived peptides involved in wheat allergy and intolerance, including celiac disease, and the elucidation of their mechanism of toxicity; the development and validation of sensitive and specific methods for detecting trace amounts of gluten proteins in gluten-free foods for intolerant patients; and the formulation of completely new substitute foods and ingredients to replace the gluten-based ones. In this article, the main aspects of current and prospective applications of mass spectrometry and proteomic technologies to the structural characterization of gluten proteins and derived peptides are critically presented, with a focus on issues related to their detection, identification and quantification, which are relevant to the biochemical, immunological and toxicological aspects of wheat intolerance.
Collapse
|
40
|
Georgieva Y, Konthur Z. Design and screening of M13 phage display cDNA libraries. Molecules 2011; 16:1667-81. [PMID: 21330956 PMCID: PMC6259656 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16021667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2010] [Revised: 02/14/2011] [Accepted: 02/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The last decade has seen a steady increase in screening of cDNA expression product libraries displayed on the surface of filamentous bacteriophage. At the same time, the range of applications extended from the identification of novel allergens over disease markers to protein-protein interaction studies. However, the generation and selection of cDNA phage display libraries is subjected to intrinsic biological limitations due to their complex nature and heterogeneity, as well as technical difficulties regarding protein presentation on the phage surface. Here, we review the latest developments in this field, discuss a number of strategies and improvements anticipated to overcome these challenges making cDNA and open reading frame (ORF) libraries more readily accessible for phage display. Furthermore, future trends combining phage display with next generation sequencing (NGS) will be presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuliya Georgieva
- Department of Vertebrate Genomics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestraße 63-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abou Chakra OR, Sutra JP, Poncet P, Lacroix G, Sénéchal H. Key role of water-insoluble allergens of pollen cytoplasmic granules in biased allergic response in a rat model. World Allergy Organ J 2011; 4:4-12. [PMID: 23283021 PMCID: PMC3651120 DOI: 10.1097/wox.0b013e318205ab44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND : Grass pollen grain, an important aeroallergen, can disperse in the environment pollen cytoplasmic granules (PCGs) able to release water-soluble allergens when they are washed out by rainfall. The allergenicity of these washed PCGs is, however, preserved. OBJECTIVE : The purpose of the study was to assess the allergenic potential of washed and unwashed PCGs, from Phleum pratense pollen grains, in the Brown Norway rat, and to study the IgE reactivity of sera of sensitized rats to water-soluble and water-insoluble extracts of PCGs and pollen grains. METHODS : Rats were sensitized and challenged intratracheally with washed or unwashed PCGs or pollen grains. Using water-soluble and -insoluble extracts of pollen grains and/or PCGs, IgE ELISA and immunoblotting were performed with rat sera. Proliferation of bronchial lymph node cells was monitored by [H]-thymidine incorporation in a lymph node assay. Alveolar cells, proteins, and TH1 and TH2 cytokines were quantified in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. RESULTS : Rats sensitized with unwashed PCGs showed a predominant humoral response with high serum IgE and reactivity to water-soluble and -insoluble proteins together with low lymph node cell proliferation. Conversely, in rats sensitized to washed PCGs, cellular responses were higher with significant increases in eosinophils, lymphocytes, and TH2 cytokines observed in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. CONCLUSION : Allergic and inflammatory responses were induced by both grass pollen grains and their isolated washed and unwashed PCGs. However, on the basis of humoral and cellular responses, differential patterns were observed. Water-insoluble allergens seem to play a role in the centrally mediated inflammatory response, whereas water-soluble allergens may be involved in the peripheral humoral response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pascal Poncet
- ESPCI, ParisTech, LECA, Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur, Infection and Epidemiology, Paris, France
| | | | - Hélène Sénéchal
- ESPCI, ParisTech, LECA, Paris, France
- INSERM, CSS 5, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Castano R, Malo JL. Occupational rhinitis and asthma: where do we stand, where do we go? Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2010; 10:135-42. [PMID: 20425505 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-010-0092-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This review provides an overview of current and emerging issues regarding occupational rhinitis (OR) and occupational asthma (OA), focusing on studies discussing concepts and results that are relevant to both diseases. OA and OR are conditions that affect the upper and lower airways, are characterized by reduced airway caliber and hyperresponsiveness and by inflammation, and are caused by agents present in the workplace. To explain disease expression, research is moving from the T-helper type 1/type 2 cells paradigm to consider the contribution of diverse alternative pathways such as neural inflammation, a dysfunctional epithelial barrier, and autoimmune mechanisms, among others. Objective assessment of OR and OA has been improved and tested for research and, currently, clinical application. Further developments in the field of OR are expected to lead to more generalized clinical applications, following the example of what has been achieved for OA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Castano
- Department of Otolaryngology/Research Center, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, 5400 Boulevard Gouin Ouest, J-3185, Montréal, Québec, H4J 1C5, Canada.
| | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Quirce S, Sastre J. Recent advances in the management of occupational asthma. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2010; 4:757-65. [PMID: 20477125 DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.4.6.757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Occupational asthma (OA) is the most common occupational lung disease in industrialized countries. This respiratory disorder remains poorly diagnosed and managed, and inadequately compensated for worldwide. The most appropriate treatment for OA remains early removal from exposure to ensure that the worker has no further exposure to the causal agent with preservation of income. However, various studies demonstrate that many workers with OA continue to remain exposed to the causative agent or suffer prolonged work disruption and discrimination, and may face unemployment. Despite removal from exposure, OA frequently turns into a chronic condition and requires intensive medical management, including appropriate pharmacotherapy and patient education and counseling. There are very few studies on allergen immunotherapy in OA. Subcutaneous immunotherapy with latex extract in healthcare workers and with wheat-flour extract in subjects with baker's asthma, at adequate doses, appears to be a useful treatment in reducing cutaneous and respiratory symptoms, but should be considered as a high-risk treatment due to the appearance of systemic reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Quirce
- Hospital La Paz, Allergy Department, Paseo Castellana 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain.
| | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Lehto M, Airaksinen L, Puustinen A, Tillander S, Hannula S, Nyman T, Toskala E, Alenius H, Lauerma A. Thaumatin-like protein and baker's respiratory allergy. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2010; 104:139-46. [PMID: 20306817 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2009.11.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Baker's asthma and rhinitis are among the most common occupational diseases. Inhaled cereal flours, such as wheat, especially cause this disease. OBJECTIVE To identify and test in vivo clinically important wheat allergens in baker's respiratory allergy in a Finnish population. METHODS Potential wheat allergens were purified using chromatographic methods from salt-soluble protein extracts of wheat flour and were used in skin prick tests with serial 10-fold dilutions (0.5-0.005 mg/mL). Twenty patients with baker's rhinitis, asthma, or both participated in this study. All the patients had positive skin prick test reactions and specific IgE antibodies to wheat flour. The control group consisted of 10 healthy individuals. Molecular identities of purified wheat allergens were characterized using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS Allergen concentrations of 0.3-0.5 mg/mL revealed that 12 patients reacted to a-amylase inhibitor (alpha-AI), 9 to peroxidase I (PI), 9 to thaumatin-like protein (TLP), and 6 to lipid transfer protein 2G (LTP2G). Conversely, with allergen concentrations of 0.05 mg/mL, 5 patients responded to alpha-AI, 3 to PI, 4 to LTP2G, and 6 to TLP. Of these, TLP and LTP2G are now observed to be new allergens associated with baker's asthma. CONCLUSIONS In addition to the earlier-described alpha-AI and PI, TLP and LTP2G are important in vivo wheat allergens in baker's allergies in Finland. Further studies are needed to elucidate the role of these novel wheat allergens in respiratory disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maili Lehto
- Unit of Excellence for Immunotoxicology, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
van Kampen V, Merget R, Rabstein S, Sander I, Bruening T, Broding HC, Keller C, Muesken H, Overlack A, Schultze-Werninghaus G, Walusiak J, Raulf-Heimsoth M. Comparison of wheat and rye flour solutions for skin prick testing: a multi-centre study (Stad 1). Clin Exp Allergy 2009; 39:1896-902. [PMID: 19709069 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2009.03342.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin prick testing (SPT) is the basic method for diagnosing IgE-mediated allergies. However, skin reactivity is related to the quality of allergen extracts, which are often poorly defined for occupational allergens. OBJECTIVE To compare wheat and rye flour SPT solutions from different producers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Standardized SPTs were performed in seven allergy centres with wheat and rye flour solutions from four producers in 125 symptomatic bakers. Optimal cut-off levels for weal sizes were assessed with the Youden Index. Comparisons between SPT results of different solutions were made with flour-specific IgE (sIgE) as the gold standard. Sensitivities, specificities, positive and negative predictive values, and test efficiencies were calculated and compared with McNemar and chi(2)-tests. The influence of the choice of the gold standard (sIgE or challenge) test was examined for 95 subjects. Additionally, SPT solutions were analysed for protein and antigen content. RESULTS The optimal cut-off level for all SPT solutions was a weal size of >or=1.5 mm. While differences between wheat and rye flours were small, differences between producers were important. Variability of sensitivities (0.31-0.96), negative predictive values (0.42-0.91), and test efficiencies (0.54-0.90) were higher than variations of specificities (0.74-1.00) and positive predictive values (0.88-1.00). Similar results were obtained when using challenge test results as the gold standard. Variability could be explained by the different antigen contents of the SPT solutions. CONCLUSION There is a wide variability of SPT solutions for wheat and rye flour from different producers, mainly with respect to sensitivities, negative predictive values, and test efficiencies. Improvement and standardization of SPT solutions used for the diagnosis of baker's asthma are highly recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V van Kampen
- BGFA - Research Institute of Occupational Medicine, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Loit E, Melnyk CW, MacFarlane AJ, Scott FW, Altosaar I. Identification of three wheat globulin genes by screening a Triticum aestivum BAC genomic library with cDNA from a diabetes-associated globulin. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2009; 9:93. [PMID: 19615078 PMCID: PMC2729749 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-9-93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2009] [Accepted: 07/17/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to dietary wheat proteins in genetically susceptible individuals has been associated with increased risk for the development of Type 1 diabetes (T1D). Recently, a wheat protein encoded by cDNA WP5212 has been shown to be antigenic in mice, rats and humans with autoimmune T1D. To investigate the genomic origin of the identified wheat protein cDNA, a hexaploid wheat genomic library from Glenlea cultivar was screened. RESULTS Three unique wheat globulin genes, Glo-3A, Glo3-B and Glo-3C, were identified. We describe the genomic structure of these genes and their expression pattern in wheat seeds. The Glo-3A gene shared 99% identity with the cDNA of WP5212 at the nucleotide and deduced amino acid level, indicating that we have identified the gene(s) encoding wheat protein WP5212. Southern analysis revealed the presence of multiple copies of Glo-3-like sequences in all wheat samples, including hexaploid, tetraploid and diploid species wheat seed. Aleurone and embryo tissue specificity of WP5212 gene expression, suggested by promoter region analysis, which demonstrated an absence of endosperm specific cis elements, was confirmed by immunofluorescence microscopy using anti-WP5212 antibodies. CONCLUSION Taken together, the results indicate that a diverse group of globulins exists in wheat, some of which could be associated with the pathogenesis of T1D in some susceptible individuals. These data expand our knowledge of specific wheat globulins and will enable further elucidation of their role in wheat biology and human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evelin Loit
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Charles W Melnyk
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Amanda J MacFarlane
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, Food Directorate, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Fraser W Scott
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Illimar Altosaar
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Palacin A, Varela J, Quirce S, del Pozo V, Tordesillas L, Barranco P, Fernandez-Nieto M, Sastre J, Diaz-Perales A, Salcedo G. Recombinant lipid transfer protein Tri a 14: a novel heat and proteolytic resistant tool for the diagnosis of baker's asthma. Clin Exp Allergy 2009; 39:1267-76. [PMID: 19486028 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2222.2009.03280.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Baker's asthma is an important occupational allergic disease. Wheat lipid transfer protein (LTP) Tri a 14 is a major allergen associated with wheat allergy. No panel of wheat recombinant allergens for component-resolved diagnosis of baker's asthma is currently available. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the potential role of recombinant Tri a 14 as a novel tool for the diagnosis of baker's asthma, and to test the heat and proteolytic resistance of the wheat LTP allergen. METHODS A cDNA encoding Tri a 14 was isolated and sequenced, the recombinant allergen produced in Pichia pastoris and purified by chromatographic methods. Physicochemical and immunological comparison of the natural and recombinant forms of Tri a 14 was carried out by N-terminal amino acid sequencing, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry, circular dichroism (CD) analysis, IgE immunodetection, and specific IgE determination and ELISA-inhibition assays using a pool or individual sera from 26 patients with baker's asthma. Thermal denaturation and simulated gastrointestinal digestion of both Tri a 14 forms were checked by spectroscopic and electrophoretic methods, respectively, and biological activity by basophil activation test (BAT). RESULTS Natural and recombinant Tri a 14 were similarly folded, as indicated by their nearly identical CD spectra and heat denaturation profiles. A high interclass correlation coefficient (0.882) was found between specific IgE levels to both Tri a 14 proteins in individual sera from baker's asthma patients, but a slightly lower IgE-binding potency of rTri a 14 was detected by ELISA-inhibition assays. Natural and recombinant Tri a 14 elicited positive BAT in two and one out of three patients, respectively. Heat denaturation profiles and simulated gastrointestinal digestion assays indicated that Tri a 14 displayed a high heat and digestive proteolytic resistance, comparable to those of peach Pru p 3, the model food allergen of the LTP family. CONCLUSIONS Recombinant Tri a 14 is a potential tool for baker's asthma diagnosis, based on its physicochemical and immunological similarity with its natural counterpart. Wheat Tri a 14 shows a high thermal stability and resistance to gastrointestinal digestion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Palacin
- Unidad de Bioquimica, Departamento de Biotecnología, E.T.S. Ingenieros Agronomos, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
de Gregorio M, Armentia A, Díaz-Perales A, Palacín A, Dueñas-Laita A, Martín B, Salcedo G, Sánchez-Monge R. Salt-soluble proteins from wheat-derived foodstuffs show lower allergenic potency than those from raw flour. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2009; 57:3325-3330. [PMID: 19275238 DOI: 10.1021/jf803475v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Salt-soluble proteins from wheat flour have been described as main allergens associated with both baker's asthma and food allergy. However, most studies have used raw flour as starting material, thus not considering potential changes in allergenic properties induced by the heat treatment and other industrial processing to produce wheat-derived foodstuffs. Salt extracts from different commercial wheat-derived products were obtained and their allergenic properties investigated by IgE-immunodetection, ELISA assays, and skin prick test. The IgE-binding capacity of salt-soluble proteins from commercial breads and cooked pastas was reduced around 50% compared with that of raw flour, the reduction being less dramatic in noncooked pastas and biscuits. Several wheat-derived foodstuffs showed major IgE-binding components of 20 and 35 kDa, identified as avenin-like and globulin proteins, respectively. These proteins, as well as most flour and bread salt-soluble proteins, were hydrolyzed when subjected to simulated gastrointestinal digestion. However, the digested products still exhibited a residual IgE-binding capacity. Therefore, processing of wheat flour to obtain derived foodstuffs decreases the IgE binding-capacity of the major salt-soluble wheat proteins. Moreover, simulated gastric fluid digestion further inactivates some heat-resistant IgE-binding proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta de Gregorio
- Departamento de Biotecnología, ETS Ingenieros Agronomos, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Bush RK, Peden DB. Advances in environmental and occupational disorders in 2008. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009; 123:575-8. [PMID: 19281905 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2009.01.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2009] [Accepted: 01/28/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Substantial progress in understanding the role of environmental factors in allergic disease and asthma has been made in the past year. A number of new allergens have been described, and the impact of exposure to indoor allergens in the development of allergic respiratory disease is further confirmed. Exposures to environmental pollutants, particularly tobacco smoke in children, have furthered our knowledge of the detrimental effects of these exposures. This review highlights key advances in environmental and occupational exposures that contribute to the burden of allergic respiratory disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert K Bush
- Department of Medicine, Section of Allergy, Immunology, Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Ramirez DA, Bahna SL. Food hypersensitivity by inhalation. Clin Mol Allergy 2009; 7:4. [PMID: 19232116 PMCID: PMC2651849 DOI: 10.1186/1476-7961-7-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2008] [Accepted: 02/20/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Though not widely recognized, food hypersensitivity by inhalation can cause major morbidity in affected individuals. The exposure is usually more obvious and often substantial in occupational environments but frequently occurs in non-occupational settings, such as homes, schools, restaurants, grocery stores, and commercial flights. The exposure can be trivial, as in mere smelling or being in the vicinity of the food. The clinical manifestations can vary from a benign respiratory or cutaneous reaction to a systemic one that can be life-threatening. In addition to strict avoidance, such highly-sensitive subjects should carry self-injectable epinephrine and wear MedicAlert® identification. Asthma is a strong predisposing factor and should be well-controlled. It is of great significance that food inhalation can cause de novo sensitization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Ramirez
- Allergy & Immunology Section, Louisiana State University Health Science Center in Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Sami L Bahna
- Allergy & Immunology Section, Louisiana State University Health Science Center in Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA, USA
| |
Collapse
|