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Beaufils F, Berger P. Commentary: Effect of curcumin nanoparticles on proliferation and migration of mouse airway smooth muscle cells and airway inflammatory infiltration. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1432397. [PMID: 39114346 PMCID: PMC11303164 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1432397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Beaufils
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM U1045, Bordeaux Imaging Center, University Bordeaux, Pessac, France
- CHU Bordeaux, Département de Pédiatrie, CIC-P 1401, Service d’Anatomopathologie, Service d’Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, Centre d’Investigation Clinique (CIC-P 1401), Pessac, France
| | - Patrick Berger
- Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM U1045, Bordeaux Imaging Center, University Bordeaux, Pessac, France
- CHU Bordeaux, Département de Pédiatrie, CIC-P 1401, Service d’Anatomopathologie, Service d’Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, Centre d’Investigation Clinique (CIC-P 1401), Pessac, France
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Georas SN, Khurana S. Update on asthma biology. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 153:1215-1228. [PMID: 38341182 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2024.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
This is an exciting time to be conducting asthma research. The recent development of targeted asthma biologics has validated the power of basic research to discover new molecules amenable to therapeutic intervention. Advances in high-throughput sequencing are providing a wealth of "omics" data about genetic and epigenetic underpinnings of asthma, as well as about new cellular interacting networks and potential endotypes in asthma. Airway epithelial cells have emerged not only as key sensors of the outside environment but also as central drivers of dysregulated mucosal immune responses in asthma. Emerging data suggest that the airway epithelium in asthma remembers prior encounters with environmental exposures, resulting in potentially long-lasting changes in structure and metabolism that render asthmatic individuals susceptible to subsequent exposures. Here we summarize recent insights into asthma biology, focusing on studies using human cells or tissue that were published in the past 2 years. The studies are organized thematically into 6 content areas to draw connections and spur future research (on genetics and epigenetics, prenatal and early-life origins, microbiome, immune and inflammatory pathways, asthma endotypes and biomarkers, and lung structural alterations). We highlight recent studies of airway epithelial dysfunction and response to viral infections and conclude with a framework for considering how bidirectional interactions between alterations in airway structure and mucosal immunity can lead to sustained lung dysfunction in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve N Georas
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY.
| | - Sandhya Khurana
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY
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Beaufils F, Esteves P, Enaud R, Prevel R, Henrot P, Campagnac M, Maurat E, Michelet M, Lavrand F, Begueret H, Trian T, Fayon M, Berger P. Clinical and bronchial parameters associated with the exacerbation frequency of severe preschool wheezers. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2024; 12:1067-1070. [PMID: 38128699 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2023.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Beaufils
- INSERM U1045, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Département de Pédiatrie, CIC-P 1401, Service d'Anatomopathologie, Service d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; INSERM U1045, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, Centre d'Investigation Clinique (CIC-P 1401), Bordeaux, France.
| | - Pauline Esteves
- INSERM U1045, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; INSERM U1045, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, Centre d'Investigation Clinique (CIC-P 1401), Bordeaux, France
| | - Raphael Enaud
- INSERM U1045, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Département de Pédiatrie, CIC-P 1401, Service d'Anatomopathologie, Service d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; INSERM U1045, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, Centre d'Investigation Clinique (CIC-P 1401), Bordeaux, France
| | - Renaud Prevel
- INSERM U1045, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Département de Pédiatrie, CIC-P 1401, Service d'Anatomopathologie, Service d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; INSERM U1045, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, Centre d'Investigation Clinique (CIC-P 1401), Bordeaux, France
| | - Pauline Henrot
- INSERM U1045, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Département de Pédiatrie, CIC-P 1401, Service d'Anatomopathologie, Service d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; INSERM U1045, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, Centre d'Investigation Clinique (CIC-P 1401), Bordeaux, France
| | - Marilyne Campagnac
- INSERM U1045, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; INSERM U1045, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, Centre d'Investigation Clinique (CIC-P 1401), Bordeaux, France
| | - Elise Maurat
- INSERM U1045, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; INSERM U1045, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, Centre d'Investigation Clinique (CIC-P 1401), Bordeaux, France
| | - Marine Michelet
- Service de pneumologie-allergologie pédiatrique, Service d'Anatomopathologie, CHU Toulouse, Hôpital des Enfants, Toulouse, France; INSERM U1043 (CPTP), the University of Toulouse-Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Frederic Lavrand
- Département de Pédiatrie, CIC-P 1401, Service d'Anatomopathologie, Service d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Hugues Begueret
- Département de Pédiatrie, CIC-P 1401, Service d'Anatomopathologie, Service d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Thomas Trian
- INSERM U1045, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; INSERM U1045, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, Centre d'Investigation Clinique (CIC-P 1401), Bordeaux, France
| | - Michael Fayon
- INSERM U1045, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Département de Pédiatrie, CIC-P 1401, Service d'Anatomopathologie, Service d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; INSERM U1045, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, Centre d'Investigation Clinique (CIC-P 1401), Bordeaux, France
| | - Patrick Berger
- INSERM U1045, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; Département de Pédiatrie, CIC-P 1401, Service d'Anatomopathologie, Service d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France; INSERM U1045, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, Centre d'Investigation Clinique (CIC-P 1401), Bordeaux, France
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Spector C, De Sanctis CM, Panettieri RA, Koziol-White CJ. Rhinovirus induces airway remodeling: what are the physiological consequences? Respir Res 2023; 24:238. [PMID: 37773065 PMCID: PMC10540383 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02529-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhinovirus infections commonly evoke asthma exacerbations in children and adults. Recurrent asthma exacerbations are associated with injury-repair responses in the airways that collectively contribute to airway remodeling. The physiological consequences of airway remodeling can manifest as irreversible airway obstruction and diminished responsiveness to bronchodilators. Structural cells of the airway, including epithelial cells, smooth muscle, fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, and adjacent lung vascular endothelial cells represent an understudied and emerging source of cellular and extracellular soluble mediators and matrix components that contribute to airway remodeling in a rhinovirus-evoked inflammatory environment. MAIN BODY While mechanistic pathways associated with rhinovirus-induced airway remodeling are still not fully characterized, infected airway epithelial cells robustly produce type 2 cytokines and chemokines, as well as pro-angiogenic and fibroblast activating factors that act in a paracrine manner on neighboring airway cells to stimulate remodeling responses. Morphological transformation of structural cells in response to rhinovirus promotes remodeling phenotypes including induction of mucus hypersecretion, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transdifferentiation. Rhinovirus exposure elicits airway hyperresponsiveness contributing to irreversible airway obstruction. This obstruction can occur as a consequence of sub-epithelial thickening mediated by smooth muscle migration and myofibroblast activity, or through independent mechanisms mediated by modulation of the β2 agonist receptor activation and its responsiveness to bronchodilators. Differential cellular responses emerge in response to rhinovirus infection that predispose asthmatic individuals to persistent signatures of airway remodeling, including exaggerated type 2 inflammation, enhanced extracellular matrix deposition, and robust production of pro-angiogenic mediators. CONCLUSIONS Few therapies address symptoms of rhinovirus-induced airway remodeling, though understanding the contribution of structural cells to these processes may elucidate future translational targets to alleviate symptoms of rhinovirus-induced exacerbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra Spector
- Rutgers Institute for Translation Medicine and Science, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Camden M De Sanctis
- Rutgers Institute for Translation Medicine and Science, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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Abohalaka R. Bronchial epithelial and airway smooth muscle cell interactions in health and disease. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19976. [PMID: 37809717 PMCID: PMC10559680 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic pulmonary diseases such as asthma, COPD, and Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis are significant causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Currently, there is no radical treatment for many chronic pulmonary diseases, and the treatment options focus on relieving the symptoms and improving lung function. Therefore, efficient therapeutic agents are highly needed. Bronchial epithelial cells and airway smooth muscle cells and their crosstalk play a significant role in the pathogenesis of these diseases. Thus, targeting the interactions of these two cell types could open the door to a new generation of effective therapeutic options. However, the studies on how these two cell types interact and how their crosstalk adds up to respiratory diseases are not well established. With the rise of modern research tools and technology, such as lab-on-a-chip, organoids, co-culture techniques, and advanced immunofluorescence imaging, a substantial degree of evidence about these cell interactions emerged. Hence, this contribution aims to summarize the growing evidence of bronchial epithelial cells and airway smooth muscle cells crosstalk under normal and pathophysiological conditions. The review first discusses the impact of airway smooth muscle cells on the epithelium in inflammatory settings. Later, it examines the role of airway smooth muscle cells in the early development of bronchial epithelial cells and their recovery after injury. Then, it deliberates the effects of both healthy and stressed epithelial cells on airway smooth muscle cells, taking into account three themes; contraction, migration, and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshed Abohalaka
- Krefting Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Fayon M, Beaufils F, Esteves P, Campagnac M, Maurat E, Michelet M, Siao-Him-Fa V, Lavrand F, Simon G, Begueret H, Berger P. Bronchial Remodeling-based Latent Class Analysis Predicts Exacerbations in Severe Preschool Wheezers. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2023; 207:416-426. [PMID: 36108144 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202205-0913oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Children with preschool wheezing represent a very heterogeneous population with wide variability regarding their clinical, inflammatory, obstructive, and/or remodeling patterns. We hypothesized that assessing bronchial remodeling would help clinicians to better characterize severe preschool wheezers. Objectives: The main objective was to identify bronchial remodeling-based latent classes of severe preschool wheezers. Secondary objectives were to compare cross-sectional and longitudinal clinical and biological data between classes and to assess the safety of bronchoscopy. Methods: This double-center prospective study (NCT02806466) included severe preschool wheezers (1-5 yr old) requiring fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Bronchial remodeling parameters (i.e., epithelial integrity, reticular basement membrane [RBM] thickness, mucus gland, fibrosis and bronchial smooth muscle [BSM] areas, the density of blood vessels, and RBM-BSM distance) were assessed and evaluated by latent class analysis. An independent cohort of severe preschool wheezers (NCT04558671) was used to validate our results. Measurements and Main Results: Fiberoptic bronchoscopy procedures were well tolerated. A two-class model was identified: Class BR1 was characterized by increased RBM thickness, normalized BSM area, the density of blood vessels, decreased mucus gland area, fibrosis, and RBM-BSM distance compared with Class BR2. No significant differences were found between classes in the year before fiberoptic bronchoscopy. By contrast, Class BR1 was associated with a shorter time to first exacerbation and an increased risk of both frequent (3 or more) and severe exacerbations during the year after bronchoscopy in the two cohorts. Conclusions: Assessing bronchial remodeling identified severe preschool wheezers at risk of frequent and severe subsequent exacerbations with a favorable benefit to risk ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Fayon
- Bordeaux University, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1045, Bordeaux Imaging Center, Bordeaux, France.,CHU Bordeaux, Département de Pédiatrie, Centre d'Investigation Clinique-Pédiatrique (CIC-P 1401), Service d'Anatomopathologie, Service d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, Bordeaux, France.,INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, Centre d'Investigation Clinique-Pédiatrique 1401, Bordeaux, France
| | - Fabien Beaufils
- Bordeaux University, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1045, Bordeaux Imaging Center, Bordeaux, France.,CHU Bordeaux, Département de Pédiatrie, Centre d'Investigation Clinique-Pédiatrique (CIC-P 1401), Service d'Anatomopathologie, Service d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, Bordeaux, France.,INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, Centre d'Investigation Clinique-Pédiatrique 1401, Bordeaux, France
| | - Pauline Esteves
- Bordeaux University, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1045, Bordeaux Imaging Center, Bordeaux, France.,INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, Centre d'Investigation Clinique-Pédiatrique 1401, Bordeaux, France
| | - Maryline Campagnac
- Bordeaux University, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1045, Bordeaux Imaging Center, Bordeaux, France.,INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, Centre d'Investigation Clinique-Pédiatrique 1401, Bordeaux, France
| | - Elise Maurat
- Bordeaux University, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1045, Bordeaux Imaging Center, Bordeaux, France.,INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, Centre d'Investigation Clinique-Pédiatrique 1401, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marine Michelet
- CHU Toulouse, Hôpital des Enfants, Service de pneumologie-allergologie pédiatrique, Service d'Anatomopathologie; and.,University Toulouse Paul Sabatier, INSERM U1043 (CPTP), F-31059 Toulouse, France
| | - Valerie Siao-Him-Fa
- Bordeaux University, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1045, Bordeaux Imaging Center, Bordeaux, France.,CHU Bordeaux, Département de Pédiatrie, Centre d'Investigation Clinique-Pédiatrique (CIC-P 1401), Service d'Anatomopathologie, Service d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, Bordeaux, France.,INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, Centre d'Investigation Clinique-Pédiatrique 1401, Bordeaux, France
| | - Frederic Lavrand
- CHU Bordeaux, Département de Pédiatrie, Centre d'Investigation Clinique-Pédiatrique (CIC-P 1401), Service d'Anatomopathologie, Service d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, Bordeaux, France
| | - Guillaume Simon
- CHU Bordeaux, Département de Pédiatrie, Centre d'Investigation Clinique-Pédiatrique (CIC-P 1401), Service d'Anatomopathologie, Service d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, Bordeaux, France
| | - Hugues Begueret
- CHU Bordeaux, Département de Pédiatrie, Centre d'Investigation Clinique-Pédiatrique (CIC-P 1401), Service d'Anatomopathologie, Service d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, Bordeaux, France
| | - Patrick Berger
- Bordeaux University, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1045, Bordeaux Imaging Center, Bordeaux, France.,CHU Bordeaux, Département de Pédiatrie, Centre d'Investigation Clinique-Pédiatrique (CIC-P 1401), Service d'Anatomopathologie, Service d'Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, Bordeaux, France.,INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, U1045, Centre d'Investigation Clinique-Pédiatrique 1401, Bordeaux, France
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Henrot P, Eyraud E, Maurat E, Point S, Cardouat G, Quignard JF, Esteves P, Trian T, Girodet PO, Marthan R, Zysman M, Berger P, Dupin I. Muscarinic receptor M3 activation promotes fibrocytes contraction. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:939780. [PMID: 36147316 PMCID: PMC9485632 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.939780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrocytes are monocyte-derived cells able to differentiate into myofibroblasts-like cells. We have previously shown that they are increased in the bronchi of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patients and associated to worse lung function. COPD is characterized by irreversible airflow obstruction, partly due to an increased cholinergic environment. Our goal was to investigate muscarinic signalling in COPD fibrocytes. Fibrocytes were isolated from 16 patients with COPD's blood and presence of muscarinic M3 receptor was assessed at the transcriptional and protein levels. Calcium signalling and collagen gels contraction experiments were performed in presence of carbachol (cholinergic agonist) ± tiotropium bromide (antimuscarinic). Expression of M3 receptor was confirmed by Western blot and flow cytometry in differentiated fibrocytes. Immunocytochemistry showed the presence of cytoplasmic and membrane-associated pools of M3. Stimulation with carbachol elicited an intracellular calcium response in 35.7% of fibrocytes. This response was significantly blunted by the presence of tiotropium bromide: 14.6% of responding cells (p < 0.0001). Carbachol induced a significant contraction of fibrocytes embedded in collagen gels (13.6 ± 0.3% versus 2.5 ± 4.1%; p < 0.0001), which was prevented by prior tiotropium bromide addition (4.1 ± 2.7% of gel contraction; p < 0.0001). Finally, M3-expressing fibrocytes were also identified in situ in the peri-bronchial area of COPD patients' lungs, and there was a tendency to an increased density compared to healthy patient's lungs. In conclusion, around 1/3 of COPD patients' fibrocytes express a functional muscarinic M3 receptor. Cholinergic-induced fibrocyte contraction might participate in airway diameter reduction and subsequent increase of airflow resistance in patients with COPD. The inhibition of these processes could participate to the beneficial effects of muscarinic antagonists for COPD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Henrot
- Univ-Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM U1045, Pessac, France
| | - Edmée Eyraud
- Univ-Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM U1045, Pessac, France
| | - Elise Maurat
- Univ-Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM U1045, Pessac, France
| | - Sophie Point
- Univ-Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM U1045, Pessac, France
| | - Guillaume Cardouat
- Univ-Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM U1045, Pessac, France
| | - Jean-François Quignard
- Univ-Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM U1045, Pessac, France
| | - Pauline Esteves
- Univ-Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM U1045, Pessac, France
| | - Thomas Trian
- Univ-Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM U1045, Pessac, France
| | - Pierre-Olivier Girodet
- Univ-Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM U1045, Pessac, France
| | - Roger Marthan
- Univ-Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM U1045, Pessac, France
| | - Maéva Zysman
- Univ-Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM U1045, Pessac, France
| | - Patrick Berger
- Univ-Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM U1045, Pessac, France
| | - Isabelle Dupin
- Univ-Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM U1045, Pessac, France
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