1
|
Parikh JR, Lexa F. Practical Strategies to Retain Radiologists. J Am Coll Radiol 2024; 21:963-968. [PMID: 38101499 PMCID: PMC11144110 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2023.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Since the great resignation associated with the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, radiology practices are now challenged with maintaining adequate radiology staffing requirements to cope with increasing clinical workload requirements. The authors describe practical strategies for radiology practice leaders to retain radiologists in the current challenging job market, while mitigating their burnout.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jay R Parikh
- Professor, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Frank Lexa
- Professor and Vice Chair, Faculty Affairs, Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Brown SD. Ease the Squeeze: Addressing Professional Disaffection, Burnout, and Moral Distress Among Clinician-Educators in Radiology. Acad Radiol 2024; 31:2175-2177. [PMID: 38523007 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2024.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen D Brown
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Pennsylvania, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Parikh JR, Cavanaugh KJ. Formal wellness training of academic radiology leaders improves work-life conflict. Eur Radiol 2024:10.1007/s00330-024-10735-2. [PMID: 38639913 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-024-10735-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of formal leadership training of academic radiology leaders within an academic center on their own burnout and professional fulfillment. METHODS The study cohort was academic radiology leaders within one of the largest academic organizations of academic radiologists within the United States. All academic radiology leaders within the organization were electronically mailed a weblink to a confidential IRB-approved survey in April 2021. The survey included validated questions from the Stanford Professional Fulfillment Index (PFI), values alignment, teamwork, overload, and work-family conflict. Academic leaders were invited in May 2021 to participate in instructor-led formal training on leading wellness focusing on 5 core leadership skills - emotional intelligence, self-care, resilience support, demonstrating care, and managing burnout. An identical follow-up survey was electronically mailed 6 months after initial training in November 2021. RESULTS The overall response rate of academic radiology leaders was 59% (19/32). For both measures, there was acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.63 for work exhaustion and α = 0.90 for fulfillment). There was a statistically significant improvement in work-family conflict (3.32 vs 2.86; p = 0.04). No statistically significant differences were identified for fulfillment, work exhaustion, alignment, work overload, and teamwork scores after training. CONCLUSION Formal instruction in leading wellness improved work-life conflict for academic radiology leaders. There was no significant change in burnout, fulfillment nor organizational alignment of the leaders. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT Formal instruction in leading wellness raised awareness and improved work-life conflict in academic radiology leaders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jay R Parikh
- Department of Breast Imaging, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1155 Pressler St., Unit 1350, CPB 5.3208, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Katelyn J Cavanaugh
- Leadership Institute, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 7007 Bertner Avenue, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gransjøen AM. Resilience and mindfulness among radiological personnel in Norway, their relationship and their impact on quality and safety- a questionnaire study. BMC Res Notes 2024; 17:96. [PMID: 38561805 PMCID: PMC10983646 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-024-06748-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress and burnout are widespread problems among radiological personnel Individual and organizational resilience and mindfulness offer protection against burnout. AIM To investigate the level of resilience and mindfulness among radiological personnel, the associations between organizational resilience, individual resilience, and mindfulness, and how these factors impact the quality of care provided in radiological departments. METHODS An online questionnaire consisting of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, the Benchmark Resilience Tool, and questions regarding burnout, and quality and safety was used. Data analysis consisted of descriptive statistics, bivariate correlation and standard multiple regression. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Few participants considered burnout a significant challenge. Individual and organizational resilience were low (30.40 ± 4.92 and 63.21 ± 13.63 respectively), and mindfulness was high (4.29 ± 0.88). There was a significant correlation between individual and organizational resilience (p = 0.004), between individual resilience and mindfulness (p = 0.03), and between organizational resilience and mindfulness (p = 0.02). Individual and organizational resilience affect each other. However; neither significantly affect quality and safety, nor mindfulness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ann Mari Gransjøen
- Department of Health Sciences in Gjøvik, Norwegian University of Science and Technology in Gjøvik (NTNU), Teknologiveien 22, 2815, Gjøvik, Norway.
- SHARE-Centre for Resilience in Healthcare, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Kjell Arholmsgate 41, 4036, Stavanger, Norway.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dibble EH, Rubin E, Duszak R, Parris D, Tarrant MJ, Parikh JR. The 2021 ACR/RBMA Workforce Survey: Practice Types, Employment Trends, and Hiring Needs. J Am Coll Radiol 2024; 21:493-502. [PMID: 37820838 PMCID: PMC10922265 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2023.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to analyze current radiology practice types, specific subspecialty needs, employment trends, and retirement trends. METHODS ACR members, nonmembers, and Radiology Business Management Association members were surveyed using predominantly structured closed-ended questions about a variety of current and recent radiology practice characteristics. Responses were group practice deduplicated and weighted. RESULTS Of 1,702 survey respondents, 64% were men, with a median age of 51 years. In 2021, 62% of responding practices hired radiologists, with the average practice hiring 2 radiologists and academic practices on average hiring the most (3.5). Most radiologists (87%) were hired for full-time positions, with independent practices hiring the largest proportion of part-time positions. Body and breast imagers represented the largest numbers of hired radiologists (17% each). Practices anticipated similar hiring patterns in 2022, prioritizing breast (37%) and body (35%) imaging. Of all practice types, academic groups were least likely to prioritize general radiologist hiring. A large majority (82%) of radiology practices permit remote work (teleradiology), more common at academic than other practices. Of currently employed radiologists, 16% plan to seek new employment in the next year; early-career radiologists indicated the highest likelihood (92%) and academic radiologists the lowest (66%) of remaining in the same practice for at least 5 years. A large majority of practices (80%) reported no radiologist retirements in 2021. Of those retiring, the average age was 75 years, and 66% worked full-time until retirement. CONCLUSIONS Radiologist recruiting remains robust. Current information on practice characteristics may help inform radiology practice leaders seeking to right-size their groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth H Dibble
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.
| | - Eric Rubin
- Southeast Radiology, Upland, Pennsylvania
| | - Richard Duszak
- Department of Radiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | | | | | - Jay R Parikh
- Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Baird GL, Mainiero MB, Bernstein MH, Parikh JR. Should I Stay, or Should I Go? Early Phase Instrument Development of Workforce Movement-A Pilot Study with Breast Radiologists. J Am Coll Radiol 2024; 21:515-522. [PMID: 37816468 PMCID: PMC10922960 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2023.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to develop a psychometrically valid survey on workplace satisfaction and examine predictors of workforce movement among breast radiologists. METHODS Actively practicing members of the Society of Breast Imaging were invited to complete a survey on workplace satisfaction. Radiologists also indicated whether they had recently left their practice or were thinking of leaving their practice. RESULTS In total, 228 breast radiologists provided valid responses (8.7% response rate); 45% were thinking of leaving or had left their practice. Factor analysis yielded five factors, and discriminant function analysis found six main aspects associated with workforce movement in breast radiologists: (1) not enough work-life balance; (2) salary too low; (3) not feeling valued; (4) wanting a different challenge and/or more growth opportunity; (5) safety concerns; and (6) not feeling respected by physician leadership. CONCLUSIONS Pending further validation in larger and different cohorts, the survey created here can be administered by radiology practices to predict when breast radiologists are vulnerable to quitting. Atlhough this measure was designed for breast radiologists specifically, it could be adapted for other subspecialties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grayson L Baird
- Associate Professor, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Rhode Island Hospital & the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island; Associate Professor, Radiology Human Factors Lab, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Rhode Island Hospital & the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.
| | - Martha B Mainiero
- Professor, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Rhode Island Hospital & the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Michael H Bernstein
- Assistant Professor, Radiology Human Factors Lab, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Rhode Island Hospital & the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Jay R Parikh
- Professor, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fawzy NA, Tahir MJ, Saeed A, Ghosheh MJ, Alsheikh T, Ahmed A, Lee KY, Yousaf Z. Incidence and factors associated with burnout in radiologists: A systematic review. Eur J Radiol Open 2023; 11:100530. [PMID: 37920681 PMCID: PMC10618688 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejro.2023.100530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale and objectives Burnout among physicians has a prevalence rate exceeding 50%. The radiology department is not immune to the burnout epidemic. Understanding and addressing burnout among radiologists has been a subject of recent interest. Thus, our study aims to systematically review studies reporting the prevalence of burnout in physicians in the radiology department while providing an overview of the factors associated with burnout among radiologists. Materials and methods The search was conducted from inception until November 13th, 2022, in PubMed, Embase, Education Resources Information Center, PsycINFO, and psycArticles. Studies reporting the prevalence of burnout or any subdimensions among radiology physicians, including residents, fellows, consultants, and attendings, were included. Data on study characteristics and estimates of burnout syndrome or any of its subdimensions were collected and summarized. Results After screening 6379 studies, 23 studies from seven countries were eligible. The number of participants ranged from 26 to 460 (median, 162; interquartile range, 91-264). In all, 18 studies (78.3%) employed a form of the Maslach Burnout Inventory. In comparison, four studies (17.4%) used the Stanford Professional Fulfillment Index, and one study (4.3%) used a single-item measure derived from the Zero Burnout Program survey. Overall burnout prevalence estimates were reported by 14 studies (60.9%) and varied from 33% to 88%. High burnout prevalence estimates were reported by only five studies (21.7%) and ranged from 5% to 62%. Emotional exhaustion and depersonalization prevalence estimates were reported by 16 studies (69.6%) and ranged from 11%-100% and 4%-97%, respectively. Furthermore, 15 studies (65.2%) reported low personal accomplishment prevalence, ranging from 14.7% to 84%. There were at least seven definitions for overall burnout and high burnout among the included studies, and there was high heterogeneity among the cutoff scores used for the burnout subdimensions. Conclusion Burnout in radiology is increasing globally, with prevalence estimates reaching 88% and 62% for overall and high burnout, respectively. A myriad of factors has been identified as contributing to the increased prevalence. Our data demonstrated significant variability in burnout prevalence estimates among radiologists and major disparities in burnout criteria, instrument tools, and study quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nader A. Fawzy
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Junaid Tahir
- Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute and Research Center (PKLI & RC), Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Abdullah Saeed
- Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute and Research Center (PKLI & RC), Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | | | - Tamara Alsheikh
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Ahmed
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ka Yiu Lee
- Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre, Department of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Östersund, Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Parikh JR, Baird GL, Mainiero MB. A pre-post study of stressors and burnout affecting breast radiologists before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Eur J Radiol Open 2023; 11:100507. [PMID: 37538382 PMCID: PMC10393601 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejro.2023.100507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale and objective To compare burnout and stressors of breast radiologists prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods Members of the Society of Breast Imaging were emailed an IRB-approved survey in January 2021 during the COVID-19 pandemic. Survey included questions from the Maslach Burnout Inventory and specific stressors including work pace, work-life balance, care of dependents, and financial strain. Data were compared to previous surveys prior to the pandemic. Results The response rate was 25% (261/1061) for those who opened the email. Of the respondents, 74% (194/261) were female, 82% (214/261) were white, 73% (191/261) were full time, 71% (185/261) were fellowship trained, 41% (106/261) had more than 20 years of experience, and 30% (79/261) were in academic practice.Respondents in 2021 reported frequent levels of depersonalization (2.2) and emotional exhaustion (3.4) while reporting frequent levels of personal accomplishment (5.3), a protective factor. These values were nearly identical before the pandemic in 2020: (2.2, 3.5, 5.3, respectively, p = .9). Respondents rated practicing faster than they would like as the highest stressor; however, 5 of the 6 stressors improved after the pandemic onset (p < .05). Conversely, participants perceived these stresses had gotten slightly worse since the pandemic (p < .01). Almost 50% of respondents reported they were considering leaving their practice; the most common reason was work/life balance. Conclusion Burnout in breast radiologists remains frequent but unchanged during the COVID-19 pandemic. While participants perceived that some stressors were worse during the pandemic, there was slight improvement in most stressors between the pre-pandemic and pandemic cohorts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jay R. Parikh
- Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA
| | - Grayson L. Baird
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Rhode Island Hospital & the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, USA
- Radiology Human Factors Lab, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Rhode Island Hospital & the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, USA
| | - Martha B. Mainiero
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Rhode Island Hospital & the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tso HH, White CY, Parikh JR. How breast radiologists can deal with the disruptive technologist. Clin Imaging 2023; 104:109994. [PMID: 37883829 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2023.109994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Physician burnout continues to be a challenge in addressing radiologist wellness. The stressors contributing to breast radiologist burnout are distinctive due to the unique work environments of a breast center. The intimate nature of a subspecialized team of radiologist(s) and technologists at an imaging center may result in interpersonal challenges such as a disruptive technologist. It is important to address the stressors to mitigate the increasing burnout affecting breast radiologists. This article raises awareness among radiologists and administrators and provides strategies to breast centers and breast radiologists for guidance on dealing with a disruptive technologist.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hilda H Tso
- Department of Breast Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Candace Y White
- Human Resources Business Partner, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Jay R Parikh
- Department of Breast Imaging, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dwan D, Dialani V. Burnout Among Breast Radiologists: How Can We Restore Fulfillment? JOURNAL OF BREAST IMAGING 2023; 5:467-472. [PMID: 38416898 DOI: 10.1093/jbi/wbad014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Physician burnout is increasing in prevalence and has negative implications for the quality of patient care and the health and wellbeing of physicians. Surveys before the COVID-19 pandemic showed high rates of burnout among breast radiologists, and the COVID-19 pandemic has further increased stress. This article summarizes strategies to combat burnout, including improving individual resilience by increasing mindfulness about handling stress, making goals, and noting personal accomplishments. However, more effective change is likely to occur when there is change at both a personal and an organizational level, which includes identifying the stakeholders in a workplace and determining what changes must occur to increase joy and decrease rates of burnout. Despite the increasing rates of burnout, breast radiologists report high rates of personal career satisfaction. Self-reflection and positive steps to increase joy at work are important in maintaining career fulfillment in these challenging times.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Dwan
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vandana Dialani
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Radiology, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Parikh JR, Moore AV, Mead L, Bassett R, Rubin E. Prevalence of Burnout of Radiologists in Private Practice. J Am Coll Radiol 2023; 20:712-718. [PMID: 36898491 PMCID: PMC10491735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2023.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and demographic factors associated with both burnout and fulfillment of private practice radiologists within the largest coalition of independent wholly physician-owned diagnostic radiology practices within the United States. METHODS The study cohort included practicing radiologists within the largest coalition of wholly radiologist-owned, independently practicing diagnostic radiology groups within the United States. Practicing radiologists within all 31 radiology private practices within the organization were electronically mailed a web link to a confidential institutional review board-approved survey in August and September 2021. The survey included validated questions from the Stanford Professional Fulfillment Index, individual and practice demographics, and self-care. Radiologists were classified as being burned out and professionally fulfilled on the basis of established cutoffs from the Professional Fulfillment Index. RESULTS The overall response rate was 20.6% (254 of 1,235). The overall rate of radiologist burnout was 46% (Cronbach's α = 0.92), and professional fulfillment was 26.7% (Cronbach's α = 0.91). The inverse association between professional fulfillment and burnout was highly significant (r = -0.66, P < .0001) on the basis of average scores. Radiologists who took call (evenings, overnight, and weekends) were statistically most likely to be burned out. Older radiologists were less likely to experience burnout. Factors statistically significantly associated with professional fulfillment were eating nutritious meals and exercising at least four times per week. No statistically significant association was seen between either burnout or fulfillment with gender, ethnicity, practice geography, or practice size. CONCLUSIONS In the largest coalition of independent wholly physician-owned diagnostic radiology practices across the United States, about one-half of radiologists were burned out, and just over one-quarter were professionally fulfilled. Taking call was significantly associated with radiologist burnout. Self-care habits were associated with professional fulfillment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jay R Parikh
- Professor, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Arl Van Moore
- Chairman and CEO Emeritus, Strategic Radiology, Palmetto, Florida
| | - Lisa Mead
- Strategic Radiology, Palmetto, Florida
| | - Roland Bassett
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lexa FJ, Parikh JR. Leadership: Causing and Curing Burnout in Radiology. J Am Coll Radiol 2023; 20:500-502. [PMID: 36914082 PMCID: PMC10149620 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2023.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
Burnout in US radiology has reached crisis proportions. Leaders play critical roles in both causing and preventing burnout. This article will review the current state of the crisis and how leaders can work to stop causing burnout as well as developing proactive strategies for preventing and mitigating burnout.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank J Lexa
- Professor and Vice Chair of Faculty Affairs, Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsyvania; and UPMC International Vice President, the American College of Radiology Chief Medical Officer, The Radiology Leadership Institute of the ACR.
| | - Jay R Parikh
- Professor and Division Wellness Lead, Department of Breast Imaging, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Parikh JR. Innovative Approaches to Address Burnout in Radiology. J Am Coll Radiol 2023; 20:477-478. [PMID: 36934888 PMCID: PMC10167699 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jay R Parikh
- Professor, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Parikh JR, Cavanaugh KJ. Formal Wellness Training of Academic Radiology Leaders and Improved Teamwork Scores of Their Faculty. J Am Coll Radiol 2023; 20:510-512. [PMID: 36948409 PMCID: PMC10149601 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2023.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jay R Parikh
- Professor, Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Katelyn J Cavanaugh
- Leadership Institute, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gabelloni M, Faggioni L, Fusco R, De Muzio F, Danti G, Grassi F, Grassi R, Palumbo P, Bruno F, Borgheresi A, Bruno A, Catalano O, Gandolfo N, Giovagnoni A, Miele V, Barile A, Granata V. Exploring Radiologists' Burnout in the COVID-19 Era: A Narrative Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3350. [PMID: 36834044 PMCID: PMC9966123 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Since its beginning in March 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has claimed an exceptionally high number of victims and brought significant disruption to the personal and professional lives of millions of people worldwide. Among medical specialists, radiologists have found themselves at the forefront of the crisis due to the pivotal role of imaging in the diagnostic and interventional management of COVID-19 pneumonia and its complications. Because of the disruptive changes related to the COVID-19 outbreak, a proportion of radiologists have faced burnout to several degrees, resulting in detrimental effects on their working activities and overall wellbeing. This paper aims to provide an overview of the literature exploring the issue of radiologists' burnout in the COVID-19 era.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michela Gabelloni
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Translational Research, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Faggioni
- Academic Radiology, Department of Translational Research, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberta Fusco
- Medical Oncology Division, Igea SpA, 80013 Naples, Italy
| | - Federica De Muzio
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences V. Tiberio, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy
| | - Ginevra Danti
- Department of Emergency Radiology, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Italian Society of Medical and Interventional Radiology, SIRM Foundation, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Grassi
- Department of Precision Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Grassi
- Department of Precision Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Palumbo
- Area of Cardiovascular and Interventional Imaging, Abruzzo Health Unit 1, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Federico Bruno
- Area of Cardiovascular and Interventional Imaging, Abruzzo Health Unit 1, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Alessandra Borgheresi
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital “Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria delle Marche”, 60126 Ancona, Italy
- Department of Clinical, Special and Dental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bruno
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital “Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria delle Marche”, 60126 Ancona, Italy
- Department of Clinical, Special and Dental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Orlando Catalano
- Department of Radiology, Istituto Diagnostico Varelli, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Gandolfo
- Diagnostic Imaging Department, Villa Scassi Hospital-ASL 3, 16149 Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Giovagnoni
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital “Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria delle Marche”, 60126 Ancona, Italy
- Department of Clinical, Special and Dental Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Vittorio Miele
- Department of Emergency Radiology, Careggi University Hospital, 50134 Florence, Italy
- Italian Society of Medical and Interventional Radiology, SIRM Foundation, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Barile
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Vincenza Granata
- Division of Radiology, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione Pascale—IRCCS di Napoli, 80131 Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Subhas N, Johnson S, Caruso C, Kollai E, Obuchowski NA, Mody R, Parker HJ, Borkowski GP. Imaging Service Navigators: An Approach Toward More Efficient and Effective Communications. J Am Coll Radiol 2023; 20:79-86. [PMID: 36494062 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2022.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Many practices have implemented support services to assist radiologists with noninterpretive tasks; however, little research has been performed to assess the overall effect of these services. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a team of imaging service navigators (ISNs) incorporated into a practice on (1) number of communications, (2) time saved by radiologists, and (3) radiologist satisfaction with the service. METHODS The numbers and types of reports dictated by radiologists were captured for 6-month periods before and after ISN implementation. Communication rates before and after implementation were then calculated. The amount of perceived time savings using the ISN team and satisfaction with the service were assessed through pre- and postimplementation surveys of participating radiologists. Mean and median time savings and satisfaction rates were calculated. RESULTS The overall communication rate increased from 2.196% before ISNs to 3.278% after ISNs (49% increase; 95% confidence interval, 47%-52%). Communication rates increased among all communication subtypes (critical, urgent, routine, and actionable), with the highest increases in urgent (94%) and actionable (75%) findings. Before implementation, radiologists reported spending 39 min on average per day on communications tasks, with only 33% of radiologists indicating that the communication process was efficient. After implementation, radiologists reported mean time savings of 28 min (95% confidence interval, 19.9-35.1), and 82% of radiologists indicated a positive or highly positive view of the ISN service. CONCLUSIONS After ISN implementation, communication rates increased and radiologists reported spending less time performing communications. Most radiologists were satisfied with the service.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Subhas
- Institute Vice Chair, Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
| | | | | | | | - Nancy A Obuchowski
- Department Vice Chair, Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Rekha Mody
- Institute Quality Officer, Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - H Joseph Parker
- Institute Administrator, Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Parikh JR, Van Moore A, Mead L, Bassett R, Rubin E. Prevalence of burnout in private practice radiology leaders. Clin Imaging 2022; 92:1-6. [PMID: 36126440 PMCID: PMC10139836 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2022.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES To evaluate prevalence and demographic factors associated with both burnout and fulfillment of private practice radiologist leaders within the United States. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study cohort was the largest coalition of wholly radiologist owned, independently practicing radiology groups within the United States. Two designated leaders within each of the 30 radiology private practices within the organization Strategic Radiology were electronically mailed a weblink to a confidential IRB-approved survey in July 2021. Surveys included questions from the Stanford Professional Fulfillment Index, individual and practice demographics, and self-care. RESULTS The overall response rate was 67% (40/60). Fulfillment and burnout scores were calculated from the individual questions, and radiologists were classified as being fulfilled or not and burned out or not based upon score cutoffs previously validated from the Stanford Professional Fulfillment Index (PFI). The overall professional fulfillment rate of staff was 43% and the overall burnout rate was 33%. (Cronbach's α = 0.90 for fulfillment and 0.91 for burnout). The inverse correlation between professional fulfillment and burnout was highly significant (r = -0.42, p = 0.007). No statistically significant association was seen between either burnout or fulfillment and age, gender, ethnicity, practice geography or practice size. CONCLUSION Utilizing the validated Stanford PFI for assessment, the prevalence of burnout in private practice radiologist leaders was 33%. The prevalence of professional fulfillment was 43%, with a mild inverse association between professional fulfillment and burnout. SUMMARY In private practice leaders, the prevalence of burnout was 33% and the prevalence of professional fulfillment was 43%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jay R Parikh
- Division of Diagnostic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA.
| | | | - Lisa Mead
- Strategic Radiology, Palmetto, FL, USA.
| | - Roland Bassett
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Impact of Artificial Intelligence Assistance on Chest CT Interpretation Times: A Prospective Randomized Study. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2022; 219:743-751. [PMID: 35703413 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.22.27598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND. Deep learning-based convolutional neural networks have enabled major advances in development of artificial intelligence (AI) software applications. Modern AI applications offer comprehensive multiorgan evaluation. OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this article was to evaluate the impact of an automated AI platform integrated into clinical workflow for chest CT interpretation on radiologists' interpretation times when evaluated in a real-world clinical setting. METHODS. In this prospective single-center study, a commercial AI software solution was integrated into clinical workflow for chest CT interpretation. The software provided automated analysis of cardiac, pulmonary, and musculoskeletal findings, including labeling, segmenting, and measuring normal structures as well as detecting, labeling, and measuring abnormalities. AI-annotated images and autogenerated summary results were stored in the PACS and available to interpreting radiologists. A total of 390 patients (204 women, 186 men; mean age, 62.8 ± 13.3 [SD] years) who underwent out-patient chest CT between January 19, 2021, and January 28, 2021, were included. Scans were randomized using 1:1 allocation between AI-assisted and non-AI-assisted arms and were clinically interpreted by one of three cardiothoracic radiologists (65 scans per arm per radiologist; total of 195 scans per arm) who recorded interpretation times using a stopwatch. Findings were categorized according to review of report impressions. Interpretation times were compared between arms. RESULTS. Mean interpretation times were significantly shorter in the AI-assisted than in the non-AI-assisted arm for all three readers (289 ± 89 vs 344 ± 129 seconds, p < .001; 449 ± 110 vs 649 ± 82 seconds, p < .001; 281 ± 114 vs 348 ± 93 seconds, p = .01) and for readers combined (328 ± 122 vs 421 ± 175 seconds, p < .001). For readers combined, the mean difference was 93 seconds (95% CI, 63-123 seconds), corresponding with a 22.1% reduction in the AI-assisted arm. Mean interpretation time was also shorter in the AI-assisted arm compared with the non-AI-assisted arm for contrast-enhanced scans (83 seconds), noncontrast scans (104 seconds), negative scans (84 seconds), positive scans without significant new findings (117 seconds), and positive scans with significant new findings (92 seconds). CONCLUSION. Cardiothoracic radiologists exhibited a 22.1% reduction in chest CT interpretations times when they had access to results from an automated AI support platform during real-world clinical practice. CLINICAL IMPACT. Integration of the AI support platform into clinical workflow improved radiologist efficiency.
Collapse
|
19
|
Peng YC, Lee WJ, Chang YC, Chan WP, Chen SJ. Radiologist Burnout: Trends in Medical Imaging Utilization under the National Health Insurance System with the Universal Code Bundling Strategy in an Academic Tertiary Medical Centre. Eur J Radiol 2022; 157:110596. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2022.110596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
20
|
Parikh JR, Cavanaugh KJ, Holladay CL. Misalignment of Values Associated With Radiology Staff Burnout. J Am Coll Radiol 2022; 19:1295-1297. [PMID: 35970473 PMCID: PMC10150659 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2022.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jay R Parikh
- Professor, Department of Breast Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Katelyn J Cavanaugh
- Senior Analyst, Leadership Institute, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Courtney L Holladay
- Associate Vice President, Leadership Institute, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Gatto RP, Berg WA, Mainiero MB. Coaching: A Strategy for Breast Radiologists' Professional Development. JOURNAL OF BREAST IMAGING 2022; 4:530-536. [PMID: 38416953 DOI: 10.1093/jbi/wbac050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
The continually increasing demands placed on physicians have led to high levels of burnout, and breast radiologists are no exception. Professional coaching is a means to guide and support the radiologist through a process of positive thinking, stress reduction, goal setting, mental growth, work-life balance, and behavioral change. Professional coaching may be effective in preparation for leadership roles or in response to workplace issues or conflict. The radiologist, with the help of a coach, establishes goals, expands perception and mindset, and collaboratively may find ways to resolve issues by taking new and different approaches. This article discusses why radiologists should seek out a certified coach and what a coach can offer radiologists during these trying times, as well as outlining the coaching process. Coaching has proven useful in addressing professional growth, workplace issues, and physician burnout. At the conclusion of the article, the readers will be able to discern whether coaching can support a better quality of life for them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rex P Gatto
- Gatto Associates, LLC, Industrial and Organizational Psychologist, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Wendie A Berg
- Magee-Womens Hospital of UPMC, Department of Radiology, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Martha B Mainiero
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Rhode Island Hospital, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Providence, RI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Horowitz JM, Choe MJ, Dienes K, Cameron KA, Agarwal G, Yaghmai V, Carr JC. Team Approach to Improving Radiologist Wellness: A Case-Based Methodology. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol 2022; 51:806-812. [PMID: 35365374 PMCID: PMC9356970 DOI: 10.1067/j.cpradiol.2022.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Radiologist wellness is important on an individual and group/institutional level and helps to promote a strong and healthy working environment, which can improve radiologist retention and engagement. This paper will discuss case examples of radiologist wellness improvements in a single academic institution over a 3-year period using the DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control) model. Leveraging this framework led to the implementation of reading room assistants, reduction in work-related injuries by improvements in ergonomics, and the formation of a faculty mentorship program.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne M Horowitz
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
| | - Michael J Choe
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Katelyn Dienes
- Director, Project Management Office, Northwestern Memorial Health Care, Chicago, IL
| | - Kenzie A Cameron
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics / Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Gaurava Agarwal
- Department of Psychiatry, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Vahid Yaghmai
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, UCI Health, Dept of Radiology, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA
| | - James C Carr
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
The disruptive radiologist. Clin Imaging 2022; 87:5-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
24
|
Schaefer PW, Borondy Kitts A. Introduction to the Wellness Issue. J Am Coll Radiol 2021; 18:637-638. [PMID: 33958080 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2021.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pamela W Schaefer
- Professor, Vice Chair, Post Graduate Education and Fellowship Training; Clinical Director of MRI; Interim Director of Neuroradiology; Neuroradiology Fellowship Director, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Andrea Borondy Kitts
- Lung Cancer and Patient Advocate, Consultant Rescue Lung, Rescue Life Society, COO, Prosumer Health, Jupiter, Florida
| |
Collapse
|