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Nguyen AW, Bubu OM, Ding K, Lincoln KD. Chronic stress exposure, social support, and sleep quality among African Americans: findings from the National Survey of American Life-Reinterview. ETHNICITY & HEALTH 2024; 29:620-644. [PMID: 38932587 PMCID: PMC11272438 DOI: 10.1080/13557858.2024.2367976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine whether social support from extended family and church members moderate the association between chronic stress exposure and sleep quality in a nationally representative sample of African American adults. DESIGN Data from African American respondents aged 18 and older were drawn from the National Survey of American Life-Reinterview. The analytic sample for this study included 1,372 African American adults who attended religious services at least a few times a year, as the church-based relationship measures were only assessed for these individuals. Self-reported sleep quality was assessed by sleep satisfaction, trouble falling asleep, and restless sleep. Chronic stress exposure was measured by a nine-item index. OLS and logistic regression were used to estimate the relationship between chronic stress exposure, extended family and church relationships, and sleep quality. RESULTS The data indicated that chronic stress exposure was associated with decreased sleep satisfaction, increased likelihood of trouble falling asleep and restless sleep. Receiving emotional support from family and more frequent contact with church members were associated with decreased restless sleep. Emotional family support moderated the associations between chronic stress exposure and trouble falling asleep and restless sleep. The positive associations between chronic stress exposure and these two sleep quality measures were attenuated among respondents who received high levels of emotional support from their family. CONCLUSIONS Together, these findings underscore the detriment of chronic stress exposure to African Americans' sleep quality and suggest that extended family members are effective stress coping resources and play an important role in this population's sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann W. Nguyen
- Jack, Joseph and Morton Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences, Case Western Reserve University
| | - Omonigho M. Bubu
- Departments of Psychiatry and Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine
| | - Kedong Ding
- Jack, Joseph and Morton Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences, Case Western Reserve University
| | - Karen D. Lincoln
- Program in Public Health, Susan and Henry Samueli College of Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine
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Jin W, Felix MS, Paek SC, Lamy FR. Social Activities and Depressive Symptoms Among Elderly Based on Rural and Urban Differences in China: a National Cross-Sectional Study. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2024; 17:2243-2254. [PMID: 38855479 PMCID: PMC11162184 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s460453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Depression has become an important global public health problem. Despite the government's efforts, the outlook regarding the health issue of elderly depression in China is still not optimistic. This study explored the association between social activities and depressive symptoms among Chinese urban and rural elderly. Methods Data were collected from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). The study sample included 5101 Chinese adults aged ≥ 65 years. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Binary logistic regression analyses were used to explore the relationship between social activities and depressive symptoms. Results The prevalence rate of depressive symptoms in rural elderly is 1.37 times higher than that in urban elderly. The proportion of elderly persons participating in a social activity less than once monthly, or never having participated in social activities is higher in rural areas than in urban areas. The results from the logistic regression model analysis show that among rural elderly, visiting others' homes or interacting with friends at least once a month or once a week is positively associated with depressive symptoms. Playing cards or mahjong at least once a week or almost daily is negatively associated with depressive symptoms. Participating in organized social activities once a month is negatively associated with depressive symptoms. None of these five activities significantly correlate with depressive symptoms among urban older adults. Conclusion This study explored the differences in depressive symptoms among elderly populations in urban and rural China, as well as the impact of social activity participation on depressive symptoms. This study underscores the necessity of targeted social interventions in rural areas to enhance social participation among the elderly and reduce depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyun Jin
- Department of Society and Health, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand
- College of Humanities Education, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mark Stephan Felix
- Department of Society and Health, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand
| | - Seung Chun Paek
- Department of Society and Health, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand
| | - François Rene Lamy
- Department of Society and Health, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Mahidol University, Salaya, Thailand
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Qiu Y, Li G, Wang X, Liu W, Li X, Yang Y, Wang L, Chen L. Prevalence of multidimensional frailty among community-dwelling older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Nurs Stud 2024; 154:104755. [PMID: 38522186 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2024.104755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of this systematic review were to explore the pooled prevalence of multidimensional frailty assessed by the Tilburg Frailty Indicator among community-dwelling older adults. DESIGN A systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, the Cochrane Library, CINAHL and three Chinese databases. Two independent researchers selected the literatures, extracted the data and evaluated the quality. All statistical analyses were performed using STATA version 16.0. RESULTS There were 66 studies with a total of 40,597 individuals that were eligible for the meta-analysis. Data from the meta-analysis revealed the pooled prevalence of 42 % for multidimensional frailty (95 % CI: 38 %-45 %, I2 = 98.9 %, T2 = 0.024, p < 0.001). Among the six studies that provided data for different age groups, the results demonstrated an increasing trend in the prevalence of multidimensional frailty with advancing age. The results of gender-stratified analysis proved that the pooled prevalence of multidimensional frailty in women (45 %, 95 % CI: 39 %-51 %, p < 0.001) was higher than that in men (33 %, 95 % CI: 28 %-39 %, p < 0.001). Based on different education levels, the prevalence of multidimensional frailty is highest in the primary elementary or illiterate group (41 %, 95 % CI: 30 %-52 %, p < 0.001). According to different marital status types, the pooled prevalence of multidimensional frailty in the married group was significantly lower (36 %, 95 % CI: 28 %-43 %) than that in the unmarried, divorced or widowed group (51 %, 95 % CI: 37 %-65 %). CONCLUSIONS Through a comprehensive review, we identified that 42 % of elderly individuals living in communities exhibit multidimensional frailty, indicating that multidimensional frailty is relatively common in this population. Stratified analysis revealed that advanced age, female gender, lower education level and unmarried status were associated with higher rates of multidimensional frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Qiu
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, No. 965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
| | - Guichen Li
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, No. 965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
| | - Xinxin Wang
- The First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, No. 965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
| | - Xin Li
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, No. 965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
| | - Yali Yang
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, No. 965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
| | - Lisheng Wang
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, No. 965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China.
| | - Li Chen
- School of Nursing, Jilin University, No. 965 Xinjiang Street, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China; Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Thomas Tobin CS, Huynh J, Farmer HR, Israel Cross R, Barve A, Robinson M, Leslie EP, Thorpe RJ. Perceived Neighborhood Racial Composition and Depressive Symptoms Among Black Americans Across Adulthood: Evaluating the Role of Psychosocial Risks and Resources. J Aging Health 2023; 35:660-676. [PMID: 35657773 PMCID: PMC10478356 DOI: 10.1177/08982643221100789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the relationships between perceived neighborhood racial composition (PNRC), psychosocial risks and resources, and depressive symptoms among young (ages 22-35), middle-aged (ages 36-49), and older (ages 50+) Black Americans. Methods: Full sample and age-stratified linear regression models estimated the PNRC-depressive symptoms association and the extent to which it persisted after accounting for psychosocial risks (i.e., neighborhood disorder, other social stressors) and resources (i.e., mastery, social support, racial identity) among 627 Black Americans in the Nashville Stress and Health Study. Results: Living in racially integrated and predominately White neighborhoods was associated with elevated depressive symptoms. While psychosocial risks and resources explained a substantial portion of these associations, patterns varied across age groups. Discussion: PNRC impacts depressive symptoms among Black Americans by shaping psychosocial risks and resources. Findings underscore interconnections between contextual and psychosocial factors, as well as the distinct mental health significance of these processes across stages of adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James Huynh
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Heather R. Farmer
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Rebekah Israel Cross
- Department of Health Behavior/ Department of Maternal and Child Health, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Apurva Barve
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Millicent Robinson
- School of Social Work, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | | | - Roland J. Thorpe
- Program for Research on Men’s Health, Hopkins Center for Health Disparities Solutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Jørgensen M, Smith OR, Wold B, Bøe T, Haug E. Tracking of depressed mood from adolescence into adulthood and the role of peer and parental support: A partial test of the Adolescent Pathway Model. SSM Popul Health 2023; 23:101440. [PMID: 37691980 PMCID: PMC10492161 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
•Adolescent depressed mood predicts adult depressed mood.•Peer acceptance during adolescence is not associated with adult depressed mood.•Household income moderates the effect of parental closeness on adult depressed mood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Jørgensen
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Otto R.F. Smith
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Teacher Education, NLA University College, Bergen, Norway
| | - Bente Wold
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tormod Bøe
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ellen Haug
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Teacher Education, NLA University College, Bergen, Norway
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Aaron SP, Waters A, Tolentino A, Rascon A, Phan C, Chen E, Travers J, Jones MG, Kent-Marvick J, Thomas Hebdon M. Complex identities, intersectionality and research approaches in millennial family caregivers in the United States. J Adv Nurs 2023; 79:1724-1734. [PMID: 36300709 PMCID: PMC11103782 DOI: 10.1111/jan.15452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS A discussion of the personal and social contexts for Millennial family caregivers and the value of including complex identity and intersectionality in Millennial family caregiving research with practical application. DESIGN Discussion paper. DATA SOURCES This discussion paper is based on our own experiences and supported by literature and theory. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING Millennial family caregivers have distinct generational, historical and developmental experiences that contribute to the care they provide as well as their own well-being. Complex identity, the integration of multiple identities, and intersectionality, systems and structures that disempower and oppress individuals with multiple identities, need to be addressed in nursing research so intervention tailoring and health equity can be better supported in this population. From research conceptualization and design to data analysis, data must be used intentionally to promote equity and reduce bias. The inclusion of diverse Millennial caregivers throughout all stages of the research process and having a diverse nursing research workforce will support these efforts. CONCLUSION Millennial family caregivers comprise one-quarter of the family caregiving population in the United States, and they are more diverse than previous family caregiving generational cohorts. Their needs will be more fully supported by nursing scientists with the adoption of methods and techniques that address complex identity and intersectionality. IMPACT Nursing researchers can use the following research approaches to address complex identity and intersectionality in Millennial caregivers: inclusion of qualitative demographic data collection (participants can self-describe); data disaggregation; data visualization techniques to augment or replace frequencies and descriptive statistics for demographic reporting; use of researcher reflexivity throughout the research process; advanced statistical modelling techniques that can handle complex demographic data and test for interactions and differential effects of health outcomes; and qualitative approaches such as phenomenology that centre the stories and experiences of individuals within the population of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siobhan P Aaron
- University of Utah College of Nursing, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Austin Waters
- University of North Carolina Chapel Hill Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Aliria Rascon
- Arizona State University Edson College of Nursing & Health Innovation, Tempe, Arizona, USA
| | - Cuong Phan
- University of Texas at Austin School of Nursing, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Emma Chen
- University of Texas at Austin School of Nursing, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Jasmine Travers
- New York University Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York, New York, USA
| | - Miranda G Jones
- University of Michigan Department of Psychology, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Byrd DR, Jiang Y, Zilioli S, Lichtenberg P, Thorpe RJ, Whitfield KE. The Interactive Effects of Education and Social Support on Cognition in African Americans. J Aging Health 2022; 34:1188-1200. [PMID: 36036159 PMCID: PMC10165879 DOI: 10.1177/08982643221122692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Objectives: This study examines whether the effects of receiving and providing social support on cognition differ by education. Methods: Data from 602 African American adults (48-95 years) enrolled in the Baltimore Study of Black Aging-Patterns of Cognitive Aging were analyzed using multiple linear regression. Results: We found no main effects of receiving or providing social support on global cognition. Main effects for receiving or providing social support on memory were detected. Further, a significant moderation effect was observed for memory, such that received social support was more strongly associated with higher working memory among less-educated individuals than those with high levels of education, adjusting for age, sex, marital status, chronic conditions, and depressive symptoms. Discussion: Study findings demonstrate that social support and education have joint effects on memory outcomes, highlighting the importance of considering psychosocial protective factors that might alleviate, reduce, or even eliminate cognitive health disparities in African Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yanping Jiang
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | | | | | - Roland J. Thorpe
- Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Jin Y, Zhou X, Deng L, Xiong X, Li Y, Wei Q, Dong B, Qiu S. Association between the domestic use of solid cooking fuel and increased prevalence of depression and cognitive impairment in a big developing country: A large-scale population-based study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1038573. [PMID: 36504928 PMCID: PMC9731231 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1038573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have suggested that air pollution affects physiological and psychological health. Using solid fuel at home is a significant source of indoor air pollution. The associations between solid fuel use and depressive symptoms and cognitive health were unclear among older adults from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods To evaluate the association of solid fuel use with depressive symptoms and cognitive health among older adults, we obtained data from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI) and excluded subjects younger than 60 years and without critical data (solid fuel use, depressive symptoms, and cognitive health). The 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D-10) was used to assess depressive symptoms, with more than ten indicative of depression. Cognitive health was assessed using measures from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), and subjects with the lowest 10th percentile were considered to have cognitive impairment. The participants' responses defined solid fuel use. Multivariable logistic regression, linear regression, subgroup analysis, and interaction tests were performed to appraise the relationship between solid fuel use and depression and cognitive impairment. Results A total of 29,789 participants over 60 years old were involved in this study. Almost half of the participants (47.5%) reported using solid fuel for home cooking. Compared with clean fuel use, solid fuel use was related to an increased prevalence of depression [odds ratio (OR) 1.09, 95% CI 1.03-1.16] and higher CES-D-10 scores (β 0.23, 95% CI 0.12-0.35) after fully adjusted covariables. Using solid fuel was also related to a higher risk of cognitive impairment (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.11-1.32) and a lower cognitive score (β -0.63, 95% CI -0.79 to -0.47) compared with those who used clean fuel. In the subgroup analysis, the prevalence of depression increased in females and non-smokers. The association of solid fuel use with depression and cognitive impairment exists in subgroups of BMI, economic status, caste, living area, education, and drinking. Conclusions The use of solid fuel at home was associated with an increased prevalence of depression and cognitive impairment among older adults in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Jin
- Department of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianghong Zhou
- Department of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Linghui Deng
- National Clinical Research Center of Geriatrics, The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xingyu Xiong
- Department of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yifan Li
- Department of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Department of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Birong Dong
- National Clinical Research Center of Geriatrics, The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Birong Dong
| | - Shi Qiu
- Department of Urology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Institute of Oncology Research (IOR) and Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Bellinzona, Switzerland,*Correspondence: Shi Qiu
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Byrd DR, Jiang Y, Zilioli S, Thorpe RJ, Lichtenberg PA, Whitfield KE. The Interactive Effects of Education and Social Support on Blood Pressure in African Americans. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2022; 77:e98-e106. [PMID: 34612486 PMCID: PMC8824551 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examined whether the effects of received and provided social support on blood pressure (BP) would differ by education. METHODS Data from 602 African American adults (48-95 years) enrolled in the Baltimore Study of Black Aging-Patterns of Cognitive Aging were analyzed using multiple linear regression. RESULTS We found no main effects of received and provided social support on BP. However, a significant moderation effect was observed for systolic BP, such that greater received social support was positively associated with higher systolic BP among individuals with low levels of education, adjusting for age, sex, chronic health conditions, and depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS The findings demonstrate that social support and education have joint effects on BP, which highlights the importance of considering psychosocial determinants of adverse cardiovascular health outcomes that disproportionately affect African Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- DeAnnah R Byrd
- Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Yanping Jiang
- Institute of Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Samuele Zilioli
- Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Roland J Thorpe
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Keith E Whitfield
- Office of the President, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
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Yelton B, Friedman DB, Noblet S, Lohman MC, Arent MA, Macauda MM, Sakhuja M, Leith KH. Social Determinants of Health and Depression among African American Adults: A Scoping Review of Current Research. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031498. [PMID: 35162519 PMCID: PMC8834771 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Depression in the United States (US) is increasing across all races and ethnicities and is attributed to multiple social determinants of health (SDOH). For members of historically marginalized races and ethnicities, depression is often underreported and undertreated, and can present as more severe. Limited research explores multiple SDOH and depression among African American adults in the US. Guided by Healthy People (HP) 2030, and using cross-disciplinary mental health terminology, we conducted a comprehensive search to capture studies specific to African American adults in the US published after 2016. We applied known scoping review methodology and followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. From 12,315 initial results, 60 studies were included in our final sample. Most studies explored the HP 2030 Social and Community Context domain, with a heavy focus on discrimination and social support; no studies examined Health Care Access and Quality. Researchers typically utilized cross-sectional, secondary datasets; no qualitative studies were included. We recommend research that comprehensively examines mental health risk and protective factors over the life course within, not just between, populations to inform tailored health promotion and public policy interventions for improving SDOH and reducing racial and ethnic health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooks Yelton
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; (B.Y.); (S.N.); (M.A.A.); (M.M.M.); (M.S.); (K.H.L.)
| | - Daniela B. Friedman
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; (B.Y.); (S.N.); (M.A.A.); (M.M.M.); (M.S.); (K.H.L.)
- Office for the Study of Aging, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA;
- Correspondence:
| | - Samuel Noblet
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; (B.Y.); (S.N.); (M.A.A.); (M.M.M.); (M.S.); (K.H.L.)
- Prevention Research Center, Department of Health Promotion, Education and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Matthew C. Lohman
- Office for the Study of Aging, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA;
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Michelle A. Arent
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; (B.Y.); (S.N.); (M.A.A.); (M.M.M.); (M.S.); (K.H.L.)
| | - Mark M. Macauda
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; (B.Y.); (S.N.); (M.A.A.); (M.M.M.); (M.S.); (K.H.L.)
- Center for Applied Research and Evaluation, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Mayank Sakhuja
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; (B.Y.); (S.N.); (M.A.A.); (M.M.M.); (M.S.); (K.H.L.)
| | - Katherine H. Leith
- Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA; (B.Y.); (S.N.); (M.A.A.); (M.M.M.); (M.S.); (K.H.L.)
- Office for the Study of Aging, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, 915 Greene Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA;
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Huang R, Wang XQ, Yang BX, Liu Z, Chen WC, Jiao SF, Chen J. Self-management of depression among Chinese community individuals: A cross-sectional study using the transtheoretical model. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2022; 58:256-265. [PMID: 33792031 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the self-management of depression among members of a Chinese community. DESIGN AND METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Wuhan. The Depression Prevention and Management Survey was used to identify 429 participants' stage of change, perceived benefits, process of change and self-efficacy, based on the transtheoretical model perspective. FINDINGS A majority of participants (69.0%) were at the inactive stage of depression self-management. The mean score of the process of change was 87.62 (SD = 24.83). ANOVA analysis showed gender, education, and family function were significant influencing factors in the process of change. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Mental health nurses need to target their approach to the level of the individual based on the transtheoretical model to assist them to enhance their awareness and motivation. More consideration should be given to gender, education, and family function in the context of depression self-management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run Huang
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao Q Wang
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bing X Yang
- School of Health Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhongchun Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen C Chen
- Affiliated Wuhan Mental Health Center, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shu F Jiao
- Affiliated Wuhan Mental Health Center, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Chen
- University of Connecticut School of Nursing, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
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Wang Y, Li Z, Fu C. Urban-rural differences in the association between social activities and depressive symptoms among older adults in China: a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:569. [PMID: 34663230 PMCID: PMC8522037 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02541-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Participation in social activities has positive health effects among older adults; however, few studies have investigated the association between social activity and depressive symptoms among Chinese older adults. This study aimed to examine the association between social activities and depressive symptoms among older adults in China regarding urban-rural differences. METHODS Data were collected from 8255 respondents from the 2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Type and frequency of social activities were collected via a questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between social activities and depressive symptoms. RESULTS In our study, the prevalence of depressive symptoms was lower in urban older adults compared with rural older adults (25.2% vs. 40.7%). After adjustment for all covariates, our results indicated that interacting with friends almost weekly or almost daily (almost weekly: OR = 0.568, 95%CI: 0.337-0.955; almost daily: OR = 0.664, 95%CI: 0.453-0.973) and participating in community organizations almost daily were inversely associated with depressive symptoms among urban older adults (OR = 0.107, 95%CI: 0.012-0.952). Interacting with friends almost daily (OR = 0.847, 95% CI: 0.720-0.996) and participation in hobby groups either almost every week or almost daily were both inversely associated with depressive symptoms among rural older adults (almost weekly: OR = 0.683, 95%CI: 0.518-0.902; almost daily: OR = 0.567, 95%CI: 0.440-0.731). Participating in sports groups almost daily was inversely associated with depressive symptoms among both urban and rural older adults (urban: OR = 0.664, 95%CI: 0.445-0.991; rural: OR = 0.506, 95%CI: 0.366-0.700). CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicated that there is a cross-sectional association between participation in social activities and depressive symptoms among Chinese older adults, and the association differed between urban and rural older adults. This implies that participation in social activities may be significant for alleviating depressive symptoms of older adults. When encouraging older adults to participate in social activities, the government should consider urban-rural differences and take effective measures accordingly. Longitudinal studies are needed to examine the causal relationships between social activities and depressive symptoms among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Treatment, School of Nursing and Health-care, Qingdao Huanghai University, Qingdao, 266555 Shandong China
| | - Zhen Li
- Qinghai Provincial Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Xining, 810010 Qinghai China
| | - Chang Fu
- Department of Health Psychology, School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhuaxilu Rd, Jinan, 250012 Shandong China
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Wang Y, Sun W, Miao J, Qiu X, Lan Y, Pan C, Li G, Zhao X, Zhu Z, Zhu S. Higher fasting C-peptide is associated with post-stroke depression: a multicenter prospective cohort study. BMC Neurol 2021; 21:383. [PMID: 34607565 PMCID: PMC8489065 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-021-02413-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fasting C-peptide (FCP) has been shown to play an important role in the pathophysiology of mood disorders including depression and schizophrenia, but it is unknown whether it also predicts post-stroke depression (PSD). This study examined the association between FCP and PSD at 6 months after acute ischemic-stroke onset among Chinese subjects. METHODS A total of 656 stroke patients were consecutively recruited from three hospitals of Wuhan city, Hubei province. Clinical and laboratory data were collected on admission. PSD status was evaluated by DSM-V criteria and 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD-17) at 6 months after acute ischemic stroke. The χ2-test, Mann-Whitney U-test, and t-test were used to check for statistical significance. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to explore independent predictor of PSD. RESULTS In the univariate analysis, significant differences were found between the PSD and non-PSD groups in terms of FCP level (p = 0.009). After multivariate adjustments, FCP remained a significant independent predictor of PSD, with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.179 (95%CI: 1.040-1.337, p = 0.010). CONCLUSIONS Higher FCP levels on admission were found to be associated with PSD at 6 months after acute ischemic-stroke onset. For stroke patients, doctors should pay attention to the baseline FCP for screening high-risk PSD in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei China
| | - Wenzhe Sun
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei China
| | - Jinfeng Miao
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei China
| | - Xiuli Qiu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei China
| | - Yan Lan
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei China
| | - Chensheng Pan
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei China
| | - Guo Li
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei China
| | - Zhou Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei China
| | - Suiqiang Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030 Hubei China
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Keeping hope alive: Racial-ethnic disparities in distress tolerance are mitigated by religious/spiritual hope among Black Americans. J Psychosom Res 2021; 144:110403. [PMID: 33730637 PMCID: PMC8919343 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2021.110403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Racial and ethnic minorities, including Blacks/African-Americans and Hispanics/Latinos,indicate lower tolerance to psychological distress (DT) and secular hope yet endorse more religious and spiritual hope than their non-Hispanic White (NHW) counterparts. Whether racial-ethnic minorities derive greater benefit from non-secular hope on the tolerance of psychological distress remains unclear. Self-reported endorsement of religious/spiritual (R/S) hope, secular hope, DT, and a number of other psychosocial, R/S and sociodemographic variables were analyzed from a nationwide survey of persons aged over 18 years (N = 2875) identifying as Black (14.2%), Hispanic (15.4%), or NHW (67.3%) using multiple regression. Overall, higher levels of both R/S and secular hope predicted greater DT. In turn, greater DT was associated with lower psychosomatic distress. Compared to NHW, the ethnic-minority groups reported lower overall levels of DT. An interaction for race-ethnicity further revealed that compared to distress intolerant NHW, Blacks/African-Americans at lower levels of DT report higher R/S and secular hope. Hispanics/Latinos were also higher on R/S and secular hope, but endorsed lower hope at higher levels of DT than the reference group. Although hope is considered a more passive form of coping, it is more frequently endorsed in marginalized ethnic-minority groups. However, compared to NHW, differences do exist in the extent to which R/S hope mitigates DT in Blacks/African-Americans compared to Hispanics/Latinos.
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15
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Fu C, Wang G, Shi X, Cao F. Social support and depressive symptoms among physicians in tertiary hospitals in China: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:217. [PMID: 33926402 PMCID: PMC8082214 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03219-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social support is an important factor for individual's mental health. However, the association between social support and depressive symptoms among physicians in China' tertiary hospitals has not been explored. This study aimed to investigate its association among physicians stratifying by sex. METHODS Six hundred fifty-six physicians were enrolled from 12 tertiary hospitals of Shandong Province, China. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Social support was evaluated using the Social Support Rating Scale. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between social support and depressive symptoms among physicians. RESULTS The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 42.3% and the average social support score was 38.82 ± 7.53 among physicians. Lower subjective social support scores (male: β = - 0.317, p < 0.001; female: β = - 0.241, p < 0.001) and lower objective social support scores (male: β = - 0.218, p = 0.038; female: β = - 0.277, p = 0.035) were associated with high depressive symptoms among physicians. Lower support utilization scores (β = - 0.472, p < 0.001) were associated with high depressive symptoms among male physicians. CONCLUSIONS Chinese physicians had a higher prevalence of depressive symptoms and lower social support than the Chinese general population. Objective and subjective social support were inversely associated with depressive symptoms among male and female physicians while support utilization was inversely associated with depressive symptoms among male rather than female physicians. It is critical to improve physicians' mental health through strengthening social support in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Fu
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174Department of Health Psychology, School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhuaxilu Rd, Jinan, 250012 Shandong China
| | - Guowen Wang
- grid.460018.b0000 0004 1769 9639Department of Education, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 324 Jingwuweiqilu Rd., Jinan, 250021 Shandong China
| | - Xiuxin Shi
- Office of Medical Quality Control, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 107 Wenhuaxilu Rd, Jinan, 250012 Shandong China
| | - Fenglin Cao
- Department of Health Psychology, School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhuaxilu Rd, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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16
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Luo F, Guo L, Thapa A, Yu B. Social isolation and depression onset among middle-aged and older adults in China: Moderating effects of education and gender differences. J Affect Disord 2021; 283:71-76. [PMID: 33524661 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most studies exploring the association between social isolation and depression tend to focus on Western countries. The primary aim of this longitudinal study was to examine the association between social isolation and depression onset among middle-aged and older adults in China. METHODS Data on 6,817 participants (mean age = 57.91, SD = 8.77; men, 52.1%) from the first and fourth waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were analyzed. Binary logistic regressions were used to evaluate the association between social isolation and depression onset. The moderating effects of socioeconomic status (education) and gender differences were also examined. RESULTS Social isolation was significantly associated with depression onset (OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.10-1.41). Compared to men with lower education (OR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.77-1.23), those with higher education (OR = 1.91, 95% CI = 1.40-2.60) exhibited a greater association between social isolation and depression onset. Moderating effect of education was not found for women. LIMITATIONS Depression were self-reported, which might be less reliable than clinical interview. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested that high level of social isolation was significantly associated with a higher incidence of depression among middle-aged and older adults in China. Education played a moderating role in this association for men rather than women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengping Luo
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lizhi Guo
- School of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; Institute of Applied Psychology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Amrish Thapa
- Department of Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
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17
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Mitchell UA, Nguyen AW, McBryde-Redzovic A, Brown LL. "What Doesn't Kill You, Makes You Stronger": Psychosocial Resources and the Mental Health of Black Older Adults. ANNUAL REVIEW OF GERONTOLOGY & GERIATRICS 2021; 41:269-302. [PMID: 36311274 PMCID: PMC9614571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A robust body of research has shown that Black Americans are less likely than Whites to have psychiatric disorders despite the social and economic disadvantage and systemic racism that they face. This mental health paradox has been demonstrated across all ages of the life course, including older adulthood. One of the prevailing explanations for the lower prevalence of psychiatric disorders among Blacks pertains to the influence of psychosocial resources on mental health. Psychosocial resources can directly or indirectly support mental health through physiological and psychological pathways. They can also mitigate the adverse effects of social stressors of discrimination and other stressors on psychological distress and mental illness. Black older adults may particularly benefit from psychosocial resources because they have had a lifetime of experiencing and overcoming adversity. Although this cycle of stress adaptation can wear away at the physical body, it may facilitate mental health resilience. In this chapter, we review research on the relationship between psychosocial resources and mental health. The chapter begins with a brief review of the Black-White mental health paradox and the mechanisms through which psychosocial resources operate to influence mental health. We then review research on intrapersonal, interpersonal, and community-level psychosocial resources that are particularly salient for Black Americans. Throughout the chapter we highlight research specifically focused on Black older adults and discuss the cultural relevance of each resource to their mental health and psychological functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ann W Nguyen
- Case Western Reserve University, Jack, Joseph, and Morton Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences
| | | | - Lauren L Brown
- San Diego State University, College of Health and Human Services, School of Public Health
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18
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Thomas Tobin CS, Erving CL, Barve A. Race and SES Differences in Psychosocial Resources: Implications for Social Stress Theory. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY QUARTERLY 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/0190272520961379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Social stress theory predicts that psychosocial resources shape health inequalities but is less clear about the ways in which the availability of resources differs across racial and socioeconomic groups. Using data from the Nashville Stress and Health Study (N = 1,214), the present study assessed racial and socioeconomic status (SES) differences in mastery, self-esteem, and social support; evaluated the extent to which SES accounts for racial differences in resources; and considered the interactive roles of race and SES in shaping resources among Black and White adults. Results show Blacks have greater access to resources, but SES yields greater psychosocial benefits among Whites. Findings demonstrate that SES and race may jointly and independently shape access to resources. This study contributes to the broader literature on status distinctions in psychosocial resources, providing new insights into the ways in which race and SES shape access to these health-protective resources while also raising several questions for future research.
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Nguyen AW, Lincoln KD, Wang F, Qin W. Negative interactions with extended family and church members and subjective well-being among older African American women. J Women Aging 2020; 33:347-361. [PMID: 33191872 DOI: 10.1080/08952841.2020.1829938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether negative interactions with family and church members are associated with indicators of subjective well-being (SWB) in a nationally representative sample of older African American women. The analytic sample (N = 537) was drawn from the National Survey of American Life. Linear regressions were used to assess the associations between negative interactions with family and church members and happiness, life satisfaction, and self-esteem. The negative interactions with family variable was inversely associated with happiness and self-esteem. Findings underscore the importance of social relationships and the quality of these relationships in women's well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann W Nguyen
- Jack, Joseph and Morton Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Karen D Lincoln
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Fei Wang
- Jack, Joseph and Morton Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Weidi Qin
- Jack, Joseph and Morton Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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20
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Qin W, Nguyen AW, Mouzon DM, Hamler TC, Wang F. Social Support, Everyday Discrimination, and Depressive Symptoms Among Older African Americans: A Longitudinal Study. Innov Aging 2020; 4:igaa032. [PMID: 32995567 PMCID: PMC7508349 DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igaa032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives The purpose of the study was to explore the long-term effects of everyday discrimination on depressive symptoms among older African Americans, as well as the moderating role of social support in this association. Research Design and Methods Mixed-effects negative binomial regression analyses were performed on data selected from 6 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (2006-2016; baseline N = 1,144). The number of depressive symptoms was calculated based on an 8-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression measure. Everyday discrimination was measured using a 6-item scale. Contact with and perceived support from extended family and friends were assessed. Results Older African Americans who experienced more frequent perceived discrimination had more depressive symptoms over time. Significant interactions between discrimination and perceived support from extended family and friends were found, indicating that among older African Americans who reported higher support from extended family and friends, perceived discrimination was positively associated with depressive symptoms over time. However, perceived discrimination and depressive symptoms were not longitudinally related among those who reported lower levels of perceived support. Discussion and Implications This is one of the few studies to examine the effects of discrimination on depressive symptoms over time and the first longitudinal study to test the role of social support in coping with discrimination in older African Americans. This study extends cross-sectional works on discrimination and mental health, indicating that experiences of discrimination can result in worse mental health over time. The significant interactions are consistent with the resource mobilization framework, which suggests that individuals who are more negatively affected by discrimination (more depressive symptoms) are more likely to reach out to friends and family to cope with discrimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidi Qin
- Jack, Joseph and Morton Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Ann W Nguyen
- Jack, Joseph and Morton Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Dawne M Mouzon
- Edward J. Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick
| | - Tyrone C Hamler
- Jack, Joseph and Morton Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Fei Wang
- Jack, Joseph and Morton Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
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21
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Ubesie A, Wang C, Wang L, Farace E, Jones K, Cuffee Y. Examining Help-Seeking Intentions of African American College Students Diagnosed with Depression. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2020; 8:475-484. [PMID: 32562167 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-020-00804-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A depressed African American emerging adult's intention to seek help can be affected by the severity of their mental health or perception of self-flourishing, or positive mental health. Using the Healthy Minds Study, a nationally representative dataset, utilization of mental health services among African American emerging adult students who have been diagnosed with depression by a health professional (n = 201), and the mediating effect of positive mental health on help-seeking intentions were examined. The findings revealed that 89.45% of students reported help-seeking intentions, and they may have one or more than one way of seeking help from a professional clinician, roommate or friend, or significant. The findings show that there are specific groups of people that African Americans prefer to engage with when addressing their mental health. It is critical that we consider these groups when developing interventions or programs for their service access on college campuses and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Ubesie
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, 700 HMC Crescent Rd, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA.
| | - Cong Wang
- Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Silver Spring, MD, 20993, USA
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, 700 HMC Crescent Rd, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Elana Farace
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, 700 HMC Crescent Rd, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Kisha Jones
- Department of Psychology, Penn State University, 140 Moore Building, University Park, PA, 16801, USA
| | - Yendelela Cuffee
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, 700 HMC Crescent Rd, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
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