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Iannattone S, Schuiringa HD, Aleva A, Koster N, van Aken MAG, Hessels CJ, van der Heijden PT, Laceulle OM. Unravelling the Longitudinal Relations Between Developmental Milestones, General Psychopathology, and Personality Functioning in a Youth Clinical Sample. J Youth Adolesc 2024; 53:1887-1902. [PMID: 38499819 PMCID: PMC11226502 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-024-01971-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Personality functioning, general psychopathology, and developmental milestones achievement are critical domains in the field of young people's mental health; however, no prior research has considered these variables jointly or examined the temporal dynamics between them. To fill these gaps, the present study aimed to investigate the longitudinal associations between the above constructs in a clinical sample of Dutch youth. 525 outpatients (72.5% women; age range: 12-26 years, M = 18.8 ± 2.83) diagnosed with different psychological difficulties were recruited from specialized mental health care services in The Netherlands. They completed self-report measures assessing personality functioning, psychopathological symptoms, and the achievement of youth-specific developmental milestones. Data were collected on three occasions within a year and modelled using a Cross-Lagged Panel Model approach. The levels of personality dysfunction, general psychopathology, and developmental milestones achievement were found to fluctuate from one wave to the other. Personality dysfunction and general psychopathology were positively interrelated at each time point, while both constructs were negatively associated with developmental milestones achievement. Importantly, difficulties achieving developmental milestones predicted a worsening in personality functioning 6 months later. This result would suggest that the achievement of developmental milestones precedes personality functioning, supporting the importance of interventions promoting age-adequate functioning in youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Iannattone
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - Hilde D Schuiringa
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anouk Aleva
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- HYPE Centre of Expertise on Early Intervention for Borderline Personality Disorder, GGz Centraal, Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - Nagila Koster
- Reinier van Arkel Mental Health Institute, 's-Hertogenbosch, Noord-Brabant, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel A G van Aken
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Christel J Hessels
- HYPE Centre of Expertise on Early Intervention for Borderline Personality Disorder, GGz Centraal, Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - Paul T van der Heijden
- Reinier van Arkel Mental Health Institute, 's-Hertogenbosch, Noord-Brabant, The Netherlands
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Odilia M Laceulle
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Reinier van Arkel Mental Health Institute, 's-Hertogenbosch, Noord-Brabant, The Netherlands
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Stadel M, van Duijn MAJ, Wright AGC, Bringmann LF, Elmer T. Considering the 'With Whom': Differences Between Event- and Signal-Contingent ESM Data of Person-Specific Social Interactions. MULTIVARIATE BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH 2024; 59:841-858. [PMID: 38590231 DOI: 10.1080/00273171.2024.2335405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Experience sampling studies often aim to capture social interactions. A central methodological question in such studies is whether to use event- or signal-contingent sampling. The little existing research on this issue has not taken into account that social interactions occur with unique interaction partners (e.g., Anna or Tom). We analyze one week of social interaction data of 286 students from the University of Pittsburgh (60.8% male, mean age 19.2 years), taking into account the unique interaction partners of each student. Specifically, we investigate the differences between event- and signal contingent sampling in (1) the total number of unique interaction partners captured, as well as (2) the kinds of relationships, and (3) the quality of social interactions with these captured interaction partners. Apart from a larger quantity of interactions and unique interaction partners in the event-contingent sampling design, our analyses indicate subtle differences between the two designs when aiming to assess social interactions with more distant interaction partners, such as coworkers or strangers. Most importantly, in our analyses, specific interaction partners and social roles explained a considerable amount of variance in the quality of social interactions (up to 20.5%), suggesting that future research would benefit greatly from considering "with whom" individuals interact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Stadel
- Department of Sociology, University of Groningen
- Department of Psychometrics and Statistics, University of Groningen
| | | | | | | | - Timon Elmer
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich
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Bogudzińska B, Jaworski A, Zajdel A, Skrzypek K, Misiak B. The experience sampling methodology in psychosis risk states: A systematic review. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 175:34-41. [PMID: 38704979 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
The experience sampling method (ESM) is a structured diary technique, which is used to assess thoughts, mood and appraise subjective experiences in daily life. It has been recognized as a useful tool for understanding the characteristics, dynamics, and underlying mechanisms of prodromal symptoms of psychosis. The present systematic review aimed to provide a qualitative synthesis of findings provided by the ESM studies conducted in people with psychosis risk states. A systematic review of the MEDLINE, ERIC, Academic Search Ultimate, and Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition databases, utilizing search terms related to the ESM and the risk of psychosis was conducted. Out of 1069 publication records identified, 77 studies met the inclusion criteria for the review. Data were synthesized around the following topics: 1) assessment of symptoms dynamics and social functioning; 2) assessment of the mechanisms contributing to the emergence of psychotic experiences and 3) assessment of stress sensitivity. The studies have shown that negative emotions are associated with subsequent development of paranoia. The tendency to draw hasty conclusions, aberrant salience, self-esteem, and emotion regulation were the most frequently reported mechanisms associated with the emergence of psychotic experiences. Studies using the ESM also provided evidence for the role of stress sensitivity, in the development of psychotic symptoms. The ESM has widely been applied to studies investigating psychosis risk states, using a variety of protocols. Findings from this systematic review might inform future studies and indicate potential targets for interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogna Bogudzińska
- Departament of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | | | | | | | - Błażej Misiak
- Departament of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
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Núñez D, Villacura-Herrera C, Gaete J, Meza D, Andaur J, Wigman JTW, Robinson J. Initial validation of the Multidimensional Adolescent Functioning Scale (MAFS) in Spanish-speaking students from Chilean secondary schools. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2023; 21:78. [PMID: 37488538 PMCID: PMC10367328 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-023-02163-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Psychosocial functioning is closely associated with psychopathology and wellbeing in different populations, particularly adolescents. Despite its relevance, measures assessing psychosocial functioning in healthy adolescents are scant as most focus on adults or clinical populations. We evaluated the psychometric properties of the Multidimensional Adolescent Functioning Scale (MAFS), a self-report questionnaire created to assess three dimensions of psychosocial functioning ('general functioning', 'family-related functioning', and 'peer-related functioning') in adolescents from the general population. METHODS After translation and cultural adaptation, we administered the Spanish MAFS to 619 adolescents aged 14 to 19. We assessed the factor structure, internal consistency, and associations with depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation, cognitive-behavioral skills, cognitive reappraisal (CR), and expressive suppression (ES). We additionally tested for measurement invariance based on biological sex. RESULTS The original three-factor structure showed the best fit. Internal consistency was good for the total scale (ω = 0.874; α = 0.869; GLB = 0.939, rM=0.216) and for all subscales (ω = 0.806-0.839; α = 0.769 to 0.812; GLB = 0.861-0.873). Correlations between all three MAFS subscales were significant, ranging between 0.291 and 0.554. All MAFS subscales correlated positively and significantly with cognitive-behavioral skills and adaptive regulatory strategies and negatively with depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation. CONCLUSION The Spanish MAFS translation is a valid and reliable self-report measure to assess three domains of psychosocial functioning in adolescents aged 14-19 from the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Núñez
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Cognitivas, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile.
- Millennium Science Initiative Program, ANID, Millennium Nucleus to Improve the Mental Health of Adolescents and Youths, Santiago, Chile.
| | - César Villacura-Herrera
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Cognitivas, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Jorge Gaete
- Millennium Science Initiative Program, ANID, Millennium Nucleus to Improve the Mental Health of Adolescents and Youths, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Educación, Universidad de Los Andes, Las Condes, Chile
| | - Daniela Meza
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Cognitivas, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
- Millennium Science Initiative Program, ANID, Millennium Nucleus to Improve the Mental Health of Adolescents and Youths, Santiago, Chile
| | - Javiera Andaur
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Cognitivas, Faculty of Psychology, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - Johanna T W Wigman
- Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Centre for Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE), University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jo Robinson
- Orygen, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
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Myin-Germeys I. mHealth in psychiatry: A pathway to person-centered care. Psychiatry Res 2023; 319:114978. [PMID: 36459806 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Influenced by the field of epidemiology and the early ecological psychologists, my research focused on the role of person-environment interactions in the development and maintenance of psychopathology - a field I would name Contextual Psychiatry. To capture the interaction between the person and the environment, I was one of the early adopters of the Experience Sampling Method (ESM) in mental health research. Using ESM, we demonstrated that there is an affective pathway to psychosis, characterized by increased stress-reactivity. Also altered social interactions have been identified as an important factor in the development of psychopathology. With digital technology quickly evolving, the impact of my work has now been extended to the development and implementation of mHealth and digital Health approaches in mental health, including the clinical application of ESM in routine mental health care as well as the development of Ecological Momentary Interventions. Moving forward, if we want to deliver treatment at moments when it is most needed and adapted to the needs of the individual, we need to advance our understanding of the real-time dynamics of the psychological and physiological processes of psychopathology - thus establishing a more personalised mental health care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inez Myin-Germeys
- KU Leuven, Department of Neuroscience, Center for Contextual Psychiatry, Research Group Psychiatry, O&N 5b, Herestraat 49, Box 1029, Leuven 3000, Belgium.
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Wong SM, Chen EY, Wong CS, Suen YN, Chan DL, Tsang SH, Wong TY, Cheung C, Chan KT, Lui SS, Wong MT, Chan SK, Lee EH, Myin-Germeys I, Hui CL. Impact of smartphone overuse on 1-year severe depressive symptoms and momentary negative affect: Longitudinal and experience sampling findings from a representative epidemiological youth sample in Hong Kong. Psychiatry Res 2022; 318:114939. [PMID: 36343577 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Smartphone overuse can have detrimental impacts on youth mental health. How it may be longitudinally associated with depressive symptoms and functioning, and with daily momentary affect, remains to be investigated. A total of 3,033 young people were consecutively recruited from a large-scale epidemiological youth mental health study in Hong Kong. A subsample (n = 936) was followed-up after 1 year, with experience sampling data collected from 177 participants. Separate multivariable logistic regression models were applied to examine the prospective associations between smartphone overuse and depressive symptoms, with multilevel models fitted to examine its associations with momentary affect. The prevalence of smartphone overuse in the Hong Kong youth population was 29.3%. Smartphone overuse was significantly associated with more depressive symptoms and functional impairments both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. The associations between smartphone overuse and 1-year depressive symptoms were significant, even when accounting for baseline symptoms, social media use, and other risk and protective factors. Baseline depressive symptoms, in contrast, were not associated with 1-year smartphone overuse after adjusting for baseline smartphone overuse. Smartphone overuse was also significantly associated with higher levels of momentary negative affect, even when accounting for depressive symptoms. Strategies to mitigate the impact of smartphone overuse can have important long-term implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie My Wong
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Eric Yh Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Corine Sm Wong
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Y N Suen
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Dorothy Lk Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Samantha Hs Tsang
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - T Y Wong
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Charlton Cheung
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - K T Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Simon Sy Lui
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Michael Th Wong
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Sherry Kw Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Edwin Hm Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Inez Myin-Germeys
- Department for Neurosciences, Center for Contextual Psychiatry, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Christy Lm Hui
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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