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Ouyang H, Wang L, Sapkota D, Yang M, Morán J, Li L, Olson BA, Schwartz M, Hogan CJ, Torremorell M. Control technologies to prevent aerosol-based disease transmission in animal agriculture production settings: a review of established and emerging approaches. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1291312. [PMID: 38033641 PMCID: PMC10682736 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1291312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Transmission of infectious agents via aerosols is an ever-present concern in animal agriculture production settings, as the aerosol route to disease transmission can lead to difficult-to-control and costly diseases, such as porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus and influenza A virus. It is increasingly necessary to implement control technologies to mitigate aerosol-based disease transmission. Here, we review currently utilized and prospective future aerosol control technologies to collect and potentially inactivate pathogens in aerosols, with an emphasis on technologies that can be incorporated into mechanically driven (forced air) ventilation systems to prevent aerosol-based disease spread from facility to facility. Broadly, we find that control technologies can be grouped into three categories: (1) currently implemented technologies; (2) scaled technologies used in industrial and medical settings; and (3) emerging technologies. Category (1) solely consists of fibrous filter media, which have been demonstrated to reduce the spread of PRRSV between swine production facilities. We review the mechanisms by which filters function and are rated (minimum efficiency reporting values). Category (2) consists of electrostatic precipitators (ESPs), used industrially to collect aerosol particles in higher flow rate systems, and ultraviolet C (UV-C) systems, used in medical settings to inactivate pathogens. Finally, category (3) consists of a variety of technologies, including ionization-based systems, microwaves, and those generating reactive oxygen species, often with the goal of pathogen inactivation in aerosols. As such technologies are typically first tested through varied means at the laboratory scale, we additionally review control technology testing techniques at various stages of development, from laboratory studies to field demonstration, and in doing so, suggest uniform testing and report standards are needed. Testing standards should consider the cost-benefit of implementing the technologies applicable to the livestock species of interest. Finally, we examine economic models for implementing aerosol control technologies, defining the collected infectious particles per unit energy demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ouyang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas-Dallas, Richardson, TX, United States
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - Deepak Sapkota
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas-Dallas, Richardson, TX, United States
| | - My Yang
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
| | - José Morán
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Li Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Bernard A. Olson
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Mark Schwartz
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
- Schwartz Farms, Sleepy Eye, MN, United States
| | - Christopher J. Hogan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Montserrat Torremorell
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, United States
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Zhang Y, Yan T, Xu Z, Wang F, Wang Z, Xu X, Zhang X. Experimental study on the microwave radiation disinfection of E. coli on SiC composite filter. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 235:116659. [PMID: 37451575 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Filter is an important component in the air-conditioning system. The airborne microorganisms can be intercepted and further multiply on the filter, which might cause a secondary pollution. The present work proposed a SiC composite filter (SCF), namely combining the filter with the absorbing material SiC. The disinfection efficiency (η) and mechanism of the microwave radiation method (MRM) on E. coli and S. aureus attached to the SCF were experimentally explored. The impacts of the microwave power (P) and disinfection time (t) on η were investigated. The results show that the SCF can be heated well by the microwave, but the normal filter (NF) cannot. The MRM can effectively and rapidly disinfect bacteria on the SCF at a sufficiently high P and an appropriate t. Generally, η increases with P and t. Under a specific P, η can be only increased with t at a certain range and a peak η might be reached. When this peak is achieved, η will not be further increased with t. The disinfection by the MRM is attributed to the thermal and non-thermal effects. Specially, at P = 600 W and t = 10 min, the non-thermal effect contributes about 89.6% to the disinfection of the E. coli and about 43.1% to the S. aureus. A universal relationship between η and temperature is given for E. coli and S. aureus to predict η at various P and t. Finally, the effective temperatures required by the MRM to satisfactorily disinfect bacteria on the SCF are identified, i.e., about 41 °C for E. coli and 71 °C for S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Tian Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhaowei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Built Environment, Beijing, China.
| | - Feifei Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Zhichao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Built Environment, Beijing, China
| | - Xinhua Xu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianglan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Built Environment, Beijing, China
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Benfedala S, Valero A, Brahmi F, Belbahi A, Kernou ON, Adjeroud-Abdellatif N, Abbou A, Madani K. Modeling the combined resistance to microwave treatments and salt conditions of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT 2023:10820132231205622. [PMID: 37817541 DOI: 10.1177/10820132231205622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the efficiency of the combined effect of microwave irradiation treatments together with salt concentration was assessed against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Microbial survival has been modeled through a one-step Weibull equation considering the non-isothermal profiles during the heating treatments. Three sodium chloride concentrations 0.5%, 3.5%, and 8.5% (w/v) treated under three microwave power levels (450, 600, and 800 W) were studied. Predictive models were validated using the determination coefficient (R2), root mean squared error and the acceptable prediction zone with external data obtained from ultra high temperature milk. The results obtained suggested that increasing microwave power levels and decreasing salt concentrations led to a higher microbial inactivation, being the δ values (time for achieving a first decimal reduction) for E coli of 19.57 s at 800 W and 0.5% NaCl. In contrast, experimental data of S aureus showed a higher variability since it presented more resistance to the microwave treatments. The results obtained and generated models can be used as decision-making tools to set specific guidelines on microwave treatments for assuring food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Benfedala
- Laboratory of Biomathematics, Biophysics, Biochemistry, and Scientometrics (L3BS), Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Bejaia, Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Antonio Valero
- Department of Food Science and Technology, UIC Zoonosis y EnfermedadesEmergentes (ENZOEM), CeiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Fatiha Brahmi
- Laboratory of Biomathematics, Biophysics, Biochemistry, and Scientometrics (L3BS), Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Bejaia, Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Amine Belbahi
- Laboratory of Biomathematics, Biophysics, Biochemistry, and Scientometrics (L3BS), Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Bejaia, Bejaia, Algeria
- Laboratory of Biomathematics, Biophysics, Biochemistry, and Scientometrics (L3BS), Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of M' Sila, M' Sila, Algeria
| | - Ourdia-Nouara Kernou
- Laboratory of Biomathematics, Biophysics, Biochemistry, and Scientometrics (L3BS), Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Bejaia, Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Nawel Adjeroud-Abdellatif
- Laboratory of Biomathematics, Biophysics, Biochemistry, and Scientometrics (L3BS), Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Bejaia, Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Amina Abbou
- Research Center in Agro-food Technologies, Road of Targua-Ouzemour, Bejaia, Algeria
| | - Khodir Madani
- Research Center in Agro-food Technologies, Road of Targua-Ouzemour, Bejaia, Algeria
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Mokhtar AB, Karanis P, Schou C, Ahmed SA. The impact of chlorine, ultraviolet-C, and microwave treatment on the survivability of Blastocystis sp. cysts. JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH 2023; 21:1325-1341. [PMID: 37756199 PMCID: wh_2023_179 DOI: 10.2166/wh.2023.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Blastocystis sp. is a common widely distributed gut protozoan, with water transmission identified as one of its transmission routes. This study aimed to investigate the effect of chlorine, ultraviolet (UV)-C, and microwave (MW) treatments on the in vitro viability of cysts of Blastocystis sp. Purified Blastocystis sp. cysts were molecularly subtyped. Viable cysts were subjected to different free chlorine concentrations (1, 2, and 4 ppm), different doses of UV-C (5.13, 10.26, 20.52, and 40.47 mJ/cm2), and MW irradiation times (10, 15, 30, and 45 s). Viability reduction percentage, log10 inactivation, and micrometre-based optical microscopy examined cyst number and appearance after each disinfection trial. The three disinfectants' efficacy and application conditions were assessed. The analysed isolates of Blastocystis cysts were subtype 3, possessed varying sizes and shapes, but two identical genomes. The cysts of Blastocystis sp. were resistant to chlorine at all doses and exposure durations tested. UV-C at a dose of 40 mJ/cm2 and MW treatment for 15 s were able to completely disinfect the cysts. The MW was the most effective disinfectant against Blastocystis cysts based on all evaluated factors. MW irradiation is the most efficient water treatment method for eradicating Blastocystis cysts in an easy and safe manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira B Mokhtar
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 415221, Egypt; These authors have contributed equally to this work. E-mail:
| | - Panagiotis Karanis
- Medical Faculty and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Department of Basic and Clinical Sciences, University of Nicosia Medical School, 24005, CY-1700 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Chad Schou
- Department of Basic and Clinical Sciences, University of Nicosia Medical School, 24005, CY-1700 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Shahira A Ahmed
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 415221, Egypt; These authors have contributed equally to this work
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Wang D, Chen Q, Hui B, Yuan K, Zou X, Ma N, Gong Z, Fan M. Microwave disinfection strengthened by a biochar-based microwave absorbing material for sewage resource utilization. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023:1-9. [PMID: 37610014 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2023.2251656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Proper disinfection treatment is the basic guarantee for safe utilisation of sewage. However, the commonly used disinfection methods are not suitable for nutrients containing reclaimed water. In this work, the microwave disinfection method assisted by a microwave-absorbing material in recycled water samples was investigated. Magnetic corn stalk biochar (MCSB), the microwave absorbing material, was prepared by high temperature carbonisation of corn stalk particles impregnated with ferrous sulfate. Escherichia coli and fecal coliforms were selected as target microorganisms to investigate the disinfection efficiency of MCSB assisted microwave radiation (MW/MCSB). The addition of microwave absorbing materials significantly improves the disinfection effect of water samples. Compared with the microwave radiation (MW) without MCSB, the bactericidal rate by using 107 CFU/L E. coli suspension increased from 63.5% to 100% at 480 W for 30 s after adding 4 g/L MCSB. Besides, the effects of MCSB dosage, microwave power, microwave radiation time, and initial bacterial concentration on disinfection efficiency were explored. Moreover, the bactericidal efficiency for actual sewage samples was also demonstrated by treating the effluent from septic tank sewage. The residual fecal coliforms in treated water samples met China's farmland irrigation water standard (GB 5084-2021). The result indicates that the proposed method of microwave disinfection strengthened by MCSB has a promising application prospect for reclaimed water disinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Wang
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianxi Chen
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Binyu Hui
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Yuan
- Guangyuan City Development Group Co., Ltd, Guangyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianbing Zou
- Guangyuan City Development Group Co., Ltd, Guangyuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Ma
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengjun Gong
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Meikun Fan
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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Popa EE, Ungureanu EL, Geicu-Cristea M, Mitelut AC, Draghici MC, Popescu PA, Popa ME. Trends in Food Pathogens Risk Attenuation. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2023. [PMID: 37630583 PMCID: PMC10459359 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11082023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Foodborne pathogens represent one of the most dangerous threats to public health along the food chain all over the world. Over time, many methods were studied for pathogen inhibition in food, such as the development of novel packaging materials with enhanced properties for microorganisms' growth inhibition (coatings, films) and the use of emerging technologies, like ultrasound, radio frequency or microwave. The aim of this study was to evaluate the current trends in the food industry for pathogenic microorganisms' inhibition and food preservation in two directions, namely technology used for food processing and novel packaging materials development. Five technologies were discussed in this study, namely high-voltage atmospheric cold plasma (HVACP), High-Pressure Processing (HPP), microwaves, radio frequency (RF) heating and ultrasound. These technologies proved to be efficient in the reduction of pathogenic microbial loads in different food products. Further, a series of studies were performed, related to novel packaging material development, by using a series of antimicrobial agents such as natural extracts, bacteriocins or antimicrobial nanoparticles. These materials proved to be efficient in the inhibition of a wide range of microorganisms, including Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, fungi and yeasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeta Elena Popa
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 59 Marasti Blvd., 011464 Bucharest, Romania; (M.G.-C.); (A.C.M.); (M.C.D.); (P.A.P.); (M.E.P.)
| | - Elena Loredana Ungureanu
- National Research and Development Institute for Food Bioresources, 6 Dinu Vintila Str., 021102 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mihaela Geicu-Cristea
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 59 Marasti Blvd., 011464 Bucharest, Romania; (M.G.-C.); (A.C.M.); (M.C.D.); (P.A.P.); (M.E.P.)
| | - Amalia Carmen Mitelut
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 59 Marasti Blvd., 011464 Bucharest, Romania; (M.G.-C.); (A.C.M.); (M.C.D.); (P.A.P.); (M.E.P.)
| | - Mihaela Cristina Draghici
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 59 Marasti Blvd., 011464 Bucharest, Romania; (M.G.-C.); (A.C.M.); (M.C.D.); (P.A.P.); (M.E.P.)
| | - Paul Alexandru Popescu
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 59 Marasti Blvd., 011464 Bucharest, Romania; (M.G.-C.); (A.C.M.); (M.C.D.); (P.A.P.); (M.E.P.)
| | - Mona Elena Popa
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 59 Marasti Blvd., 011464 Bucharest, Romania; (M.G.-C.); (A.C.M.); (M.C.D.); (P.A.P.); (M.E.P.)
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Wang K, Zhu G, Li YL, Chen SQ, Rashid A, Wang XT, Wu XY. Non-thermal effects of microwave irradiation alleviates postharvest chilling injury of peach fruit by retarding phenolic accumulation and enhancing membrane stability. Food Chem 2023; 411:135448. [PMID: 36709641 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Postharvest chilling injury (CI) of fruit, including peaches, is a huge challenge to horticultural product preservation. Microwave irradiation can be used as a physiological regulator due to the thermal effects; however, its non-thermal effects on the CI of postharvest fruit remain unclear. Thus, the physiological attributes and metabolisms involving phenolics, fatty acids, and sugars were compared between 'Zhongtao No.9' peaches treated with microwave irradiation at 45.5 W for different durations and control. Microwave treatment especially at 45.5 W for 7 min without inducing thermal effects could significantly inhibit internal browning caused by CI, concomitant with reduced total phenolic content. Moreover, the maintenance of membrane stability was indicated by a boosted double bond index, which may be attributed to the inhibition of membrane lipid degradation, and sucrose accumulation. In summary, the non-thermal effects of microwave irradiation contribute to CI alleviation through restraining phenolic content and maintaining membrane stability in peach fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Agricultural Product Fine Processing and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Agro-products Processing, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Ge Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Agricultural Product Fine Processing and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Agro-products Processing, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Ya-Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Agricultural Product Fine Processing and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Agro-products Processing, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Shu-Qi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Agricultural Product Fine Processing and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Agro-products Processing, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Arif Rashid
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xiao-Tong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Agricultural Product Fine Processing and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Agro-products Processing, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xin-Yu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Agricultural Product Fine Processing and Resource Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Agro-products Processing, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
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Banting H, Goode I, Flores CEG, Colpitts CC, Saavedra CE. Electromagnetic deactivation spectroscopy of human coronavirus 229E. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8886. [PMID: 37264167 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36030-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
An investigation of the deactivation of pathogens using electromagnetic waves in the microwave region of the spectrum is achieved using custom-built waveguide structures. The waveguides feature sub-wavelength gratings to allow the integration of an air cooling system without disturbing the internal propagating fields. The waveguides are tapered to accommodate an experimental sample internally with sufficient surrounding airflow. The proposed methodology allows for precise control over power densities due to the well-defined fundamental mode excited in each waveguide, in addition to temperature control of the sample due to microwave exposure over time. Human coronavirus (HCoV-229E) is investigated over the 0-40 GHz range, where a peak 3-log viral reduction is observed in the 15.0-19.5 GHz sub-band. We conclude HCoV-229E has an intrinsic resonance in this range, where nonthermal structure damage is optimal through the structure-resonant energy transfer effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayden Banting
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, K7L 3N6, Canada.
| | - Ian Goode
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | | | - Che C Colpitts
- Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Carlos E Saavedra
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, K7L 3N6, Canada
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Liu L, Wang N, Laghari AA, Li H, Wang C, Zhao Z, Gao X, Zeng Q. A Review and Perspective of Environmental Disinfection Technology Based on Microwave Irradiation. CURRENT POLLUTION REPORTS 2023; 9:46-59. [PMID: 36743476 PMCID: PMC9885074 DOI: 10.1007/s40726-022-00247-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In the context of COVID-19 sweeping the world, the development of microbial disinfection methods in gas, liquid, and solid media has received widespread attention from researchers. As a disinfection technology that can adapt to different environmental media, microwave-assisted disinfection has the advantages of strong permeability, no secondary pollution, etc. The purpose of this review is to put forward new development requirements for future microwave disinfection strategies by summarizing current microwave disinfection methods and effects. From the perspective of the interaction mechanism of microwave and microorganisms, this review provides a development direction for more accurate and microscopic disinfection mechanism research. RECENT FINDINGS Compared to other traditional environmental disinfection techniques, microwave-assisted disinfection means have the advantages of being more destructive, free of secondary contamination, and thorough. Currently, researchers generally agree that the efficiency of microwave disinfection is the result of a combination of thermal and non-thermal effects. However, the performance of microwave disinfection shows the differences in the face of different environmental media as well as different types of microorganisms. SUMMARY This review highlights the inactivation mechanism of microwave-assisted disinfection techniques used in different scenarios. Suggestions for promoting the efficiency and overcoming the limitations of low energy utilization, complex reactor design, and inaccurate monitoring methods are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350 China
| | - Na Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Distillation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350 China
| | - Azhar Ali Laghari
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350 China
| | - Hong Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Distillation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350 China
| | - Can Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350 China
| | - Zhenyu Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Distillation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350 China
| | - Xin Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Distillation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350 China
| | - Qiang Zeng
- Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin, 300011 China
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Effects of electromagnetic waves on pathogenic viruses and relevant mechanisms: a review. Virol J 2022; 19:161. [PMID: 36224556 PMCID: PMC9555253 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-022-01889-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic viral infections have become a serious public health issue worldwide. Viruses can infect all cell-based organisms and cause varying injuries and damage, resulting in diseases or even death. With the prevalence of highly pathogenic viruses, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), it is urgent to develop efficient and safe approaches to inactivate pathogenic viruses. Traditional methods of inactivating pathogenic viruses are practical but have several limitations. Electromagnetic waves, with high penetration capacity, physical resonance, and non-contamination, have emerged as a potential strategy to inactivate pathogenic viruses and have attracted increasing attention. This paper reviews the recent literature on the effects of electromagnetic waves on pathogenic viruses and their mechanisms, as well as promising applications of electromagnetic waves to inactivate pathogenic viruses, to provide new ideas and methods for this inactivation.
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Zhang Z, Wang J, Hu Y, Wang L. Microwaves, a potential treatment for bacteria: A review. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:888266. [PMID: 35958124 PMCID: PMC9358438 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.888266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria have brought great harm to the public, especially after the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria. This has rendered traditional antibiotic therapy ineffective. In recent years, hyperthermia has offered new treatments to remove bacteria. Microwaves (MW) are a component of the electromagnetic spectrum and can rapidly heat materials. Taking advantage of this characteristic of MW, related studies have shown that both thermal and non-thermal effects of MW can inactivate various bacteria. Even though the understanding of MW in the field of bacteria is not sufficient for widespread use at present, MW has performed well in dealing with microorganisms and controlling infection. This review will focus on the application of MW in bacteria and discuss the advantages, prospects and challenges of using MW in the bacterial field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Metal and Ceramic Implants, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiahao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Metal and Ceramic Implants, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yihe Hu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Metal and Ceramic Implants, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Long Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Metal and Ceramic Implants, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Long Wang,
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12
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Liu L, Meng G, Laghari AA, Chen H, Wang C, Xue Y. Reducing the risk of exposure of airborne antibiotic resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes by dynamic continuous flow photocatalytic reactor. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 429:128311. [PMID: 35074752 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, based on the dynamic photocatalytic reactor constructed by the new photocatalyst TiO2/MXene, the purification process of different biological particles in aerosol was systematically studied. Multidrug resistant bacteria were easier to inactivate than common bacteria of the same kind, whether under UV conditions or photocatalysis. Photocatalyst was loaded on porous polyurethane sponge filler so that the combined effect of adsorption and advanced oxidation significantly improved the antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) disinfection effect. The inactivation efficiency of two ARBs under UV254 increased by 1.2 lg and 2.1 lg. In addition, it was found that the microorganisms treated by UV had slight self-repair phenomenon in a short time, while the microbial activity decreased continuously after photocatalysis. With the addition of photocatalyst, the particle size distribution of airborne Escherichia coli decreased and the micro morphology of cells was more seriously damaged. Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) carried by ARB can be dissociated into the environment after cell destruction, but it can be removed at a high level (sul2 can achieve 2.11 lg) in the continuous reactor at the same time. While avoiding secondary pollution, it also provides a powerful solution for airborne ARGs control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, PR China; Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Ge Meng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, PR China; Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Azhar Ali Laghari
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, PR China; Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Hong Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, PR China; Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin 300350, PR China.
| | - Can Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, PR China; Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin 300350, PR China.
| | - Yimei Xue
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, PR China; Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin 300350, PR China
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13
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Song L, Zhou J, Wang C, Meng G, Li Y, Jarin M, Wu Z, Xie X. Airborne pathogenic microorganisms and air cleaning technology development: A review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127429. [PMID: 34688006 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Transmission of pathogens through air is a critical pathway for the spread of airborne diseases, as airborne pathogenic microorganisms cause several harmful infections. This review summarizes the occurrence, transmission, and adverse impacts of airborne pathogenic microorganisms that spread over large distances via bioaerosols. Air cleaning technologies have demonstrated great potential to prevent and reduce the spread of airborne diseases. The recent advances in air cleaning technologies are summarized on the basis of their advantages, disadvantages, and adverse health effects with regard to the inactivation mechanisms. The application scope and energy consumption of different technologies are compared, and the characteristics of air cleaners in the market are discussed. The development of high-efficiency, low-cost, dynamic air cleaning technology is identified as the leading research direction of air cleaning. Furthermore, future research perspectives are discussed and further development of current air cleaning technologies is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Song
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Jianfeng Zhou
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, GA, USA
| | - Can Wang
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China.
| | - Ge Meng
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Yunfei Li
- Tianjin Key Lab of Indoor Air Environmental Quality Control, Tianjin, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, PR China
| | - Mourin Jarin
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, GA, USA
| | - Ziyan Wu
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, GA, USA
| | - Xing Xie
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, GA, USA.
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14
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Li S, Wu Y, Zheng H, Zheng Y, Jing T, Tian J, Ma J, Na J. High microwave responsivity Co-Bi 25FeO 40 in synergistic activation of peroxydisulfate for high efficiency pollutants degradation and disinfection: Mechanism of enhanced electron transfer. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 288:132558. [PMID: 34662639 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cobalt doped Bi25FeO40 was used as a heterogeneous catalyst in microwave (MW) co-activation of peroxydisulfate (PDS) system for organic contaminant purification and disinfection simultaneously. Due to low charge-transfer resistance and fast electron migration, Co-Bi25FeO40 showed superior catalytic efficiencies for activation PDS to degrade over 92.0% of bisphenol A (BPA) with the initial concentrations ranging from 40 mg/L to 120 mg/L in 5.0 min. The non-radical oxidation pathway via electron transfer regime on the surface of Co-Bi25FeO40 was the dominant reactive species in the reaction system. Benefit from the energy transfer and cross-coupling reactions of microwave, the Co-Bi25FeO40/MW/PDS system can generate abundant reactive sites to facilitate the formation of more surface-bonding complexes. Microwave energy can be absorbed by Co-Bi25FeO40 catalysts to promote activation of PDS and production of nanobubbles. The generated nanobubbles increase the temperature of the local solution to promote the reaction. The Co-Bi25FeO40/MW/PDS system also exhibited excellent bactericidal capability for Escherichia coli (E.coli). The catalysts, oxidants and microwaves acted on E. coli to form physical, and oxidative pressure simultaneously, causing cell damaged and made bacterial death. This work provides prospects toward high-efficiency integration of contaminant purification and pathogenic microorganisms inactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, 161006, China; Urban Water Resources Development and Northern National Engineering Research Center, Harbin, 150090, China; School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Yanan Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, 161006, China
| | - Heshan Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, 161006, China.
| | - Yongjie Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, 161006, China
| | - Tao Jing
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, 161006, China
| | - Jingzhi Tian
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar, 161006, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Urban Water Resources Development and Northern National Engineering Research Center, Harbin, 150090, China; School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Jun Na
- Urban Water Resources Development and Northern National Engineering Research Center, Harbin, 150090, China; School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
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15
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Shaw P, Kumar N, Mumtaz S, Lim JS, Jang JH, Kim D, Sahu BD, Bogaerts A, Choi EH. Evaluation of non-thermal effect of microwave radiation and its mode of action in bacterial cell inactivation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14003. [PMID: 34234197 PMCID: PMC8263747 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93274-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing body of literature has recognized the non-thermal effect of pulsed microwave radiation (PMR) on bacterial systems. However, its mode of action in deactivating bacteria has not yet been extensively investigated. Nevertheless, it is highly important to advance the applications of PMR from simple to complex biological systems. In this study, we first optimized the conditions of the PMR device and we assessed the results by simulations, using ANSYS HFSS (High Frequency Structure Simulator) and a 3D particle-in-cell code for the electron behavior, to provide a better overview of the bacterial cell exposure to microwave radiation. To determine the sensitivity of PMR, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus cultures were exposed to PMR (pulse duration: 60 ns, peak frequency: 3.5 GHz) with power density of 17 kW/cm2 at the free space of sample position, which would induce electric field of 8.0 kV/cm inside the PBS solution of falcon tube in this experiment at 25 °C. At various discharges (D) of microwaves, the colony forming unit curves were analyzed. The highest ratios of viable count reductions were observed when the doses were increased from 20D to 80D, which resulted in an approximate 6 log reduction in E. coli and 4 log reduction in S. aureus. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy also revealed surface damage in both bacterial strains after PMR exposure. The bacterial inactivation was attributed to the deactivation of oxidation-regulating genes and DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Shaw
- grid.411202.40000 0004 0533 0009Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897 Korea ,grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681Research Group PLASMANT, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk-Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Naresh Kumar
- grid.411202.40000 0004 0533 0009Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897 Korea ,grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681Research Group PLASMANT, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk-Antwerp, Belgium ,grid.464627.50000 0004 1775 2612Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781101 India
| | - Sohail Mumtaz
- grid.411202.40000 0004 0533 0009Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897 Korea
| | - Jun Sup Lim
- grid.411202.40000 0004 0533 0009Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897 Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Jang
- grid.411202.40000 0004 0533 0009Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897 Korea
| | - Doyoung Kim
- grid.411202.40000 0004 0533 0009Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897 Korea
| | - Bidya Dhar Sahu
- grid.464627.50000 0004 1775 2612Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam 781101 India
| | - Annemie Bogaerts
- grid.5284.b0000 0001 0790 3681Research Group PLASMANT, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk-Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Eun Ha Choi
- grid.411202.40000 0004 0533 0009Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897 Korea
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16
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Enderich DA, Hoff BW, Geiler M, Geiler A, Ottesen C, Cohick ZW, McConaha JW, Pohle HH, Franzi MA, Lepell PD, Montoya T, Schrock JA, Luginsland JW, Revelli D, Cox J, Irshad H. Nonlinear transmission line-driven apparatus for short-pulse microwave exposure of aerosolized pathogens. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:064712. [PMID: 34243497 DOI: 10.1063/5.0046849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A system capable of exposing a flowing aerosol stream to short duration (2-4 ns), high-power RF waveforms is described. The system utilizes a C-band gyromagnetic nonlinear transmission line source having peak power outputs ranging as high as 80 kW at a center frequency of 4.2 GHz. RF electric field magnitudes of up to 280 kV/m ± 17% are achieved within the aerosol flow region of the RF exposure apparatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Enderich
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, New Mexico 87117, USA
| | - Brad W Hoff
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, New Mexico 87117, USA
| | - Michael Geiler
- Metamagnetics, Inc., Westborough, Massachusetts 01581, USA
| | - Anton Geiler
- Metamagnetics, Inc., Westborough, Massachusetts 01581, USA
| | - Casey Ottesen
- COSMIAC Research Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - Zane W Cohick
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, New Mexico 87117, USA
| | - Jeremy W McConaha
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, New Mexico 87117, USA
| | - Hugh H Pohle
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, New Mexico 87117, USA
| | - Matthew A Franzi
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, New Mexico 87117, USA
| | | | | | - James A Schrock
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, New Mexico 87117, USA
| | | | - David Revelli
- Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87108, USA
| | - Jason Cox
- Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87108, USA
| | - Hammad Irshad
- Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87108, USA
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17
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An Eventual Sars-CoV-2 Infection Prevention Protocol in the Medical Setting and Dental Office. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18052593. [PMID: 33807646 PMCID: PMC7967356 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The current Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected the entire world population, and in particular the medical-health field, especially dentistry [...].
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18
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Hoff BW, McConaha JW, Cohick ZW, Franzi MA, Enderich DA, Revelli D, Cox J, Irshad H, Pohle HH, Schmitt-Sody A, Schaub SC, Baros AE, Lewis NC, Luginsland JW, Lanagan MT, Perini S. Apparatus for controlled microwave exposure of aerosolized pathogens. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2021; 92:014707. [PMID: 33514240 DOI: 10.1063/5.0032823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A set of three apparatus enabling RF exposure of aerosolized pathogens at four chosen frequencies (2.8 GHz, 4.0 GHz, 5.6 GHz, and 7.5 GHz) has been designed, simulated, fabricated, and tested. Each apparatus was intended to operate at high power without leakage of RF into the local environment and to be compact enough to fit within biocontainment enclosures required for elevated biosafety levels. Predictions for the range of RF electric field exposure, represented by the complex electric field vector magnitude, that an aerosol stream would be expected to encounter while passing through the apparatus are calculated for each of the chosen operating frequencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brad W Hoff
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, New Mexico 87117, USA
| | - Jeremy W McConaha
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, New Mexico 87117, USA
| | - Zane W Cohick
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, New Mexico 87117, USA
| | - Matthew A Franzi
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, New Mexico 87117, USA
| | - Daniel A Enderich
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, New Mexico 87117, USA
| | - David Revelli
- Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87108, USA
| | - Jason Cox
- Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87108, USA
| | - Hammad Irshad
- Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87108, USA
| | - Hugh H Pohle
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, New Mexico 87117, USA
| | - Andreas Schmitt-Sody
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, New Mexico 87117, USA
| | - Samuel C Schaub
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, New Mexico 87117, USA
| | - Anthony E Baros
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, New Mexico 87117, USA
| | - Naomi C Lewis
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Directed Energy Directorate, Kirtland AFB, New Mexico 87117, USA
| | | | - Michael T Lanagan
- Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Steven Perini
- Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
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19
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D'Amico C, Fiorillo L, Surace G, Cervino G, Cicciù M. In-vitro study on the effectiveness of microwave sterilization in odontostomatology. Minerva Dent Oral Sci 2020; 70:15-20. [PMID: 33094934 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6329.20.04427-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental practice is subjected to biologic risk on a daily basis, a risk that could affect both operators and patients. The aim of this study was to observe that the use of protective devices and medical devices allows to limit and eliminate this risk, especially in the case of cross infections. METHODS The methods of disinfection of surfaces and instruments are different and could include both physical and chemical methods. In this in-vitro study the effectiveness of sterilization of microwave methods was assessed. In this study microwave sterilization with a 1800W protocol for 5 minutes has been performed. RESULTS Once the bacterial contamination of some dental instruments was carried out, and left the latter in culture medium, the disinfection phase was carried out, by inserting the instruments in a microwave chamber. These new sterilization protocols allow to obtain surfaces or instruments sterilization in a short time. CONCLUSIONS Even though it cannot be used with all materials, the use of this method has excellent properties for the sterilization of dental medical instruments, even if with lower performance than the conventional autoclave.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesare D'Amico
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Images, G. Martino University Hospital, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Luca Fiorillo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Images, G. Martino University Hospital, University of Messina, Messina, Italy -
| | - Giovanni Surace
- Francesco Siracusa Rizzi S.r.l. Clinical Analysis Laboratory, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Gabriele Cervino
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Images, G. Martino University Hospital, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Marco Cicciù
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Images, G. Martino University Hospital, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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