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Wang L, Huang X, Qin J, Qi B, Sun C, Guo X, Liu Q, Liu Y, Ma Y, Wei X, Zhang Y. The Role of Traditional Chinese Medicines in the Treatment of Osteoporosis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2024; 52:949-986. [PMID: 38879748 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x24500393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) represents a substantial public health issue and is associated with increasing rates of morbidity and mortality. It is characterized by reduced bone mineral density, deterioration of bone tissue quality, disruption of the microarchitecture of bones, and compromised bone strength. These changes may be attributed to the following factors: intercellular communication between osteoblasts and osteoclasts; imbalanced bone remodeling; imbalances between osteogenesis and adipogenesis; imbalances in hormonal regulation; angiogenesis; chronic inflammation; oxidative stress; and intestinal microbiota imbalances. Treating a single aspect of the disease is insufficient to address its multifaceted nature. In recent decades, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has shown great potential in the treatment of OP, and the therapeutic effects of Chinese patent drugs and Chinese medicinal herbs have been scientifically proven. TCMs, which contain multiple components, can target the diverse pathogeneses of OP through a multitargeted approach. Herbs such as XLGB, JTG, GSB, Yinyanghuo, Gusuibu, Buguzhi, and Nvzhenzi are among the TCMs that can be used to treat OP and have demonstrated promising effects in this context. They exert their therapeutic effects by targeting various pathways involved in bone metabolism. These TCMs balance the activity of osteoblasts (bone-forming cells) and osteoclasts (bone-resorbing cells), and they exhibit anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-oxidative, and estrogen-like functions. These multifaceted mechanisms underlie the efficacy of these herbs in the management and treatment of OP. Herein, we examine the efficacy of various Chinese herbs and Chinese patent drugs in treating OP by reviewing previous clinical trials and basic experiments, and we examine the potential mechanism of these therapies to provide evidence regarding the use of TCM for treating OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Wang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xinyi Huang
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, P. R. China
| | - Jinran Qin
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Baoyu Qi
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, P. R. China
| | - Chuanrui Sun
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, P. R. China
| | - Xiangyun Guo
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Liu
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yichen Liu
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yong Ma
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
- Jiangsu CM Clinical Innovation Center of Degenerative Bone & Joint Disease, Wuxi TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi 214071, P. R. China
| | - Xu Wei
- Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, P. R. China
- Institute of Orthopaedics of Beijing Integrative Medicine, Beijing 100061, P. R. China
| | - Yili Zhang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
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Balkrishna A, Haldar S, Varshney A. OECD-407 Driven 28-day-repeated-dose non-clinical safety evaluation of Tinospora cordifolia (Giloy) stem aqueous extract in Sprague-Dawley rats under GLP compliance. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1095083. [PMID: 37274116 PMCID: PMC10233126 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1095083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Tinospora cordifolia (Wild.) Hook.f. & Thomson (Giloy), has been widely used in the Ayurvedic system of medicine. However, some sporadic under-powered case studies have recently reported Tinospora cordifolia associated toxicity. Thus, following OECD 407 guidelines, a 28-day-repeated-dose-14-day-recovery toxicological evaluation of the aqueous extract of T. cordifolia stem (TCWE) was conducted under good laboratory practice (GLP), in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Methods: 100, 300, and 1000 mg/kg/day of TCWE was given orally to designated treatment groups of either sex. Two separate 14-day recovery satellite groups received either vehicle control or 1000 mg/kg/day of TCWE. Results: In this study, TCWE was found safe up to a dose of 1000 mg/kg/day with no mortality or related toxicological manifestation in terms of clinical signs, ocular effects, hematology, urinalysis, clinical chemistry parameters, or macro- or microscopic changes in any organs. The satellite group did not show any adverse effect after 14-day recovery period. Thus, the No-Observed-Adverse-Effect-Level (NOAEL) of TCWE was determined to be 1000 mg/kg/day. Discussion: In conclusion, this study established the non-clinical safety of the aqueous extract of T. cordifolia stem, which confirms the age-old safe medicinal use of this herb, and also paves the path for future clinical research on formulations containing Tinospora cordifolia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Acharya Balkrishna
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Governed by Patanjali Research Foundation Trust, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
- Department of Allied and Applied Sciences, University of Patanjali, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
- Patanjali UK Trust, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Swati Haldar
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Governed by Patanjali Research Foundation Trust, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Anurag Varshney
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Governed by Patanjali Research Foundation Trust, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
- Department of Allied and Applied Sciences, University of Patanjali, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India
- Special Centre for Systems Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
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Gupta A, Mehta SK, Kumar A, Singh S. Advent of phytobiologics and nano-interventions for bone remodeling: a comprehensive review. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2023; 43:142-169. [PMID: 34957903 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.2010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Bone metabolism constitutes the intricate processes of matrix deposition, mineralization, and resorption. Any imbalance in these processes leads to traumatic bone injuries and serious disease conditions. Therefore, bone remodeling plays a crucial role during the regeneration process maintaining the balance between osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. Currently, numerous phytobiologics are emerging as the new therapeutics for the treatment of bone-related complications overcoming the synthetic drug-based side effects. They can either target osteoblasts, osteoclasts, or both through different mechanistic pathways for maintaining the bone remodeling process. Although phytobiologics have been widely used since tradition for the treatment of bone fractures recently, the research is accentuated toward the development of osteogenic phytobioactives, constituent-based drug designing models, and efficacious delivery of the phytobioactives. To achieve this, different plant extracts and successful isolation of their phytoconstituents are critical for osteogenic research. Hence, this review emphasizes the phytobioactives based research specifically enlisting the plants and their constituents used so far as bone therapeutics, their respective isolation procedures, and nanotechnological interventions in bone research. Also, the review enlists the vast array of folklore plants and the newly emerging nano-delivery systems in treating bone injuries as the future scope of research in the phytomedicinal orthopedic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archita Gupta
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar Mehta
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India.,Centre for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India.,The Mehta Family Centre for Engineering in Medicine, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India.,Centre for Nanosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India
| | - Sneha Singh
- Department of Bioengineering and Biotechnology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, India
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Zeng B, Wu X, Liang W, Huang X. Network pharmacology combined with molecular docking to explore the anti-osteoporosis mechanisms of β-ecdysone derived from medicinal plants. OPEN CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2022-0262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
β-Ecdysone is a phytosteroid derived from multifarious medicinal plants, such as Achyranthes root (Achyranthes bidentata) and Tinospora cordifolia, possessing the potential anti-osteoporosis effect. However, the underlying mechanisms for β-ecdysone treating osteoporosis remain unclear. This study aims to explore the molecular mechanisms of β-ecdysone against osteoporosis by network pharmacology and molecular docking. First, the potential targets of β-ecdysone and osteoporosis were predicted by public databases. Protein interaction and functional enrichment analyses of potential targets were performed using the STRING and Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway databases. Finally, hub targets were identified from network pharmacology, and their interaction with β-ecdysone was validated by molecular docking. Results showed that 47 potential targets were related to the mechanisms of β-ecdysone treating osteoporosis. Enrichment analyses revealed that the potential targets were mainly associated with steroid biosynthetic and metabolic processes, as well as HIF-1 and estrogen signaling pathways. By protein–protein interaction network analysis, top 10 hub targets were screened, including TNF, ALB, SRC, STAT3, MAPK3, ESR1, PPARG, CASP3, TLR4, and NR3C1. Molecular docking showed that β-ecdysone had good affinity with TLR4, TNF, and ESR1. Therefore, β-ecdysone might exert therapeutic effect on osteoporosis development via targeting TLR4, TNF, and ESR1 and regulating HIF-1 and estrogen pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zeng
- Department of Articular, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine , No. 355 Xinqiao Road, Dinghai District , Zhoushan 316000 , Zhejiang , China
| | - Xudong Wu
- Department of Articular, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine , No. 355 Xinqiao Road, Dinghai District , Zhoushan 316000 , Zhejiang , China
| | - Wenqing Liang
- Department of Articular, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine , No. 355 Xinqiao Road, Dinghai District , Zhoushan 316000 , Zhejiang , China
| | - Xiaogang Huang
- Department of Articular, Zhoushan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine , No. 355 Xinqiao Road, Dinghai District , Zhoushan 316000 , Zhejiang , China
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Bhandari A, Kalotra S, Bajaj P, Sunkaria A, Kaur G. Dietary intervention with Tinospora cordifolia improved aging-related decline in locomotor coordination and cerebellar cell survival and plasticity in female rats. Biogerontology 2022; 23:809-824. [PMID: 35767131 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-022-09975-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Reduced bone mineral density, and muscle strength are the hallmark of aging-related motor coordination deficits and related neuropathologies. Since cerebellum regulates motor movements and balance perception of our body, therefore it may be an important target to control the age-related progression of motor dysfunctions. Dry stem powder of Tinospora cordifolia (TCP) was tested as a food supplement to elucidate its activity to attenuate age-associated locomotor dysfunctions. Intact acyclic middle-aged female rats were used in this study as the model system of the transition phase from premenopause to menopause in women along with cycling young adult rats. Normal chow or 30% High Fat Diet (HFD), supplemented with or without TCP was fed to animals for 12 weeks and then tested for locomotor performance on rotarod followed by post-sacrifice protein expression studies. In comparison to young adults, middle-aged animals showed an increase in number of falls and lesser time spent in rotarod performance test, whereas, animals given TCP supplemented feed showed improvement in performance with more pronounced effects observed in normal chow than HFD fed middle-aged rats. Further, due to its multicomponent nature TCP was found to target the expression of various markers of neuroinflammation, apoptosis, cell survival, and synaptic plasticity in the cerebellum region. The current findings suggest that TCP supplementation in the diet may prove to be a potential interventional strategy for the management of frailty and fall-associated morbidities caused by aging-related deterioration of bone mineral density, and muscle strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anmol Bhandari
- Medical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Shikha Kalotra
- Medical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Payal Bajaj
- Medical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Aditya Sunkaria
- Medical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India.
| | - Gurcharan Kaur
- Medical Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India.
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Kaur G, Sharma S. Editorial note for special issue on 'dietary interventions for healthy ageing and longevity'. Biogerontology 2022; 23:653-656. [PMID: 36315376 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-022-09998-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gurcharan Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India.
| | - Sandeep Sharma
- Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada
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Arora S, Goyal A, Rawat DS, Samantha K. Giloy: a potential anti-COVID-19 herb with propitious pharmacological attributes: a short review. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022:1-8. [PMID: 35950530 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2110157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Plant-based medicine actually restores the balance in the body instead of treating the source of the disease. The strain of coronavirus (SAR-CoV-2) going to be more serious due to the lack of a reliable treatment option. Holistic treatment for this disease is in the form of Ayurveda as traditional medicine. As the infection of coronavirus is spreading like a wildfire, so the one way to fight is 'immunity'. Building immunity is the only way to stay safe and healthy and prepared themselves for the ongoing pandemic. In the current scenario, good immunity safeguard us from disease progression and prevention from this deadly virus. Giloy herb came into the limelight after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic due to its immunomodulatory and antiviral activity. The genome sequencing of Giloy is proved to be a breakthrough for controlling the COVID-19.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shefali Arora
- Department of Chemistry, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Anjali Goyal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Devendra Singh Rawat
- Department of Chemistry, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Krishna Samantha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
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8
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Balkrishna A, Joshi M, Tomer M, Verma S, Gujral S, Mulay VP, Srivastava J, Varshney A. Identification, Validation and Standardization of Bioactive Molecules Using UPLC/MS-QToF, UHPLC and HPTLC in Divya-Denguenil-Vati: A Penta-Herbal Formulation for Dengue Fever. Chromatographia 2022; 85:831-850. [PMID: 35875831 PMCID: PMC9296368 DOI: 10.1007/s10337-022-04183-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
For the last fifty years, Dengue has been one of the most common mosquito-borne arboviral infections which has spread over the tropical and subtropical world. Divya-Denguenil-Vati (DNV) has been formulated by blending five specific herbs for effective resolution of Dengue fever. In the present study, we aimed to identify, develop, validate, and standardize methods for Divya-Denguenil-Vati (DNV), on UHPLC and HPTLC analytical platforms, with rapid, sensitive, accurate and rugged attributes. At first, 97 phyto-constituents were identified by UPLC/MS-QToF in Divya-Denguenil-Vati. UHPLC method was then developed and validated for simultaneous determination of gallic acid, 5-HMF, protocatechuic acid, magnoflorine, methyl gallate, berberine, rutin, ellagic acid, β-ecdysone and rosmarinic acid in DNV. Four selected markers, gallic acid, rosmarinic acid, magnoflorine and rutin were further developed and validated on HPTLC. Analytical processes were validated as per ICH Q2 (R1) guidelines; and were found linear (r2 > 0.99), sensitive, precise (%RSD < 5%), and accurate, as indicated by high recovery values (88–105%). The limit of detection and quantification were also established for these phyto-metabolites, with their respective RSDs within 5% limits. Finally, these validated methods were employed to test twenty six different commercial batches of DNV. The quality, reproducibility and consistency of DNV have been well established using these developed and reliable analytical tools. These analytical strategies successfully set a path forward for robust quality evaluation and standardization of Divya-Denguenil-Vati, and other related herbal formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Acharya Balkrishna
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, NH-58, Haridwar, Uttarakhand 249 405 India
- Department of Allied and Applied Sciences, University of Patanjali, Patanjali Yogpeeth, Roorkee-Haridwar Road, Haridwar, Uttarakhand 249 405 India
| | - Monali Joshi
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, NH-58, Haridwar, Uttarakhand 249 405 India
| | - Meenu Tomer
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, NH-58, Haridwar, Uttarakhand 249 405 India
| | - Sudeep Verma
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, NH-58, Haridwar, Uttarakhand 249 405 India
| | - Seema Gujral
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, NH-58, Haridwar, Uttarakhand 249 405 India
| | - Vallabh Prakash Mulay
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, NH-58, Haridwar, Uttarakhand 249 405 India
| | - Jyotish Srivastava
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, NH-58, Haridwar, Uttarakhand 249 405 India
| | - Anurag Varshney
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, NH-58, Haridwar, Uttarakhand 249 405 India
- Department of Allied and Applied Sciences, University of Patanjali, Patanjali Yogpeeth, Roorkee-Haridwar Road, Haridwar, Uttarakhand 249 405 India
- Special Centre for Systems Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110 067 India
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Yan CP, Wang XK, Jiang K, Yin C, Xiang C, Wang Y, Pu C, Chen L, Li YL. β-Ecdysterone Enhanced Bone Regeneration Through the BMP-2/SMAD/RUNX2/Osterix Signaling Pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:883228. [PMID: 35669516 PMCID: PMC9164109 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.883228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone defects are a global public health problem. However, the available methods for inducing bone regeneration are limited. The application of traditional Chinese herbs for bone regeneration has gained popularity in recent years. β-ecdysterone is a plant sterol similar to estrogen, that promotes protein synthesis in cells; however, its function in bone regeneration remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the function of β-ecdysterone on osteoblast differentiation and bone regeneration in vitro and in vivo. MC3T3-E1 cells were used to test the function of β-ecdysterone on osteoblast differentiation and bone regeneration in vitro. The results of the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay suggested that the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells was promoted by β-ecdysterone. Furthermore, β-ecdysterone influenced the expression of osteogenesis-related genes, and the bone regeneration capacity of MC3T3-E1 cells was detected by polymerase chain reaction, the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) test, and the alizarin red test. β-ecdysterone could upregulate the expression of osteoblastic-related genes, and promoted ALP activity and the formation of calcium nodules. We also determined that β-ecdysterone increased the mRNA and protein levels of components of the BMP-2/Smad/Runx2/Osterix pathway. DNA sequencing further confirmed these target effects. β-ecdysterone promoted bone formation by enhancing gene expression of the BMP-2/Smad/Runx2/Osterix signaling pathway and by enrichment biological processes. For in vivo experiments, a femoral condyle defect model was constructed by drilling a bone defect measuring 3 mm in diameter and 4 mm in depth in the femoral condyle of 8-week-old Sprague Dawley male rats. This model was used to further assess the bone regenerative functions of β-ecdysterone. The results of micro-computed tomography showed that β-ecdysterone could accelerate bone regeneration, exhibiting higher bone volume, bone surface, and bone mineral density at each observation time point. Immunohistochemistry confirmed that the β-ecdysterone also increased the expression of collagen, osteocalcin, and bone morphogenetic protein-2 in the experiment group at 4 and 8 weeks. In conclusion, β-ecdysterone is a new bone regeneration regulator that can stimulate MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation and induce bone regeneration through the BMP-2/Smad/Runx2/Osterix pathway. This newly discovered function of β-ecdysterone has revealed a new direction of osteogenic differentiation and has provided novel therapeutic strategies for treating bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Ping Yan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.,Laboratory of Biological Tissue Engineering and Digital Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Xing-Kuan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.,Laboratory of Biological Tissue Engineering and Digital Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Ke Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.,Laboratory of Biological Tissue Engineering and Digital Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Chong Yin
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Lab for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, NPU-UAB Joint Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chao Xiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.,Laboratory of Biological Tissue Engineering and Digital Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.,Laboratory of Biological Tissue Engineering and Digital Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Chaoyu Pu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.,Laboratory of Biological Tissue Engineering and Digital Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Yu-Ling Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.,Laboratory of Biological Tissue Engineering and Digital Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
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Bellavia D, Caradonna F, Dimarco E, Costa V, Carina V, De Luca A, Raimondi L, Gentile C, Alessandro R, Fini M, Giavaresi G. Terpenoid treatment in osteoporosis: this is where we have come in research. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2021; 32:846-861. [PMID: 34481733 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2021.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Lower bone resistance to load is due to the imbalance of bone homeostasis, where excessive bone resorption, compared with bone formation, determines a progressive osteopenia, leading to a high risk of fractures and consequent pain and functional limitations. Terpenoids, with their activities against bone resorption, have recently received increased attention from researchers. They are potentially more suitable for long-term use compared with traditional therapeutics. In this review of the literature of the past 5 years, we provide comprehensive information on terpenoids, with their anti-osteoporotic effects, highlighting molecular mechanisms that are often in epigenetic key and a possible pharmacological use in osteoporosis prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Bellavia
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, SC Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche - SS Piattaforma Scienze Omiche per Ortopedia Personalizzata, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Fabio Caradonna
- University of Palermo, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Section of Cellular Biology, Palermo, Italy
| | - Eufrosina Dimarco
- University of Palermo, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Section of Cellular Biology, Palermo, Italy
| | - Viviana Costa
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, SC Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche - SS Piattaforma Scienze Omiche per Ortopedia Personalizzata, Bologna, Italy
| | - Valeria Carina
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, SC Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche - SS Piattaforma Scienze Omiche per Ortopedia Personalizzata, Bologna, Italy
| | - Angela De Luca
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, SC Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche - SS Piattaforma Scienze Omiche per Ortopedia Personalizzata, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lavinia Raimondi
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, SC Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche - SS Piattaforma Scienze Omiche per Ortopedia Personalizzata, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carla Gentile
- University of Palermo, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Section of Cellular Biology, Palermo, Italy
| | - Riccardo Alessandro
- University of Palermo, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics (Bi.N.D.), Section of Biology and Genetics, Palermo, Italy; Istituto per la Ricerca e l'Innovazione Biomedica (IRIB), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Palermo, Italy
| | - Milena Fini
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, SC Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche - SS Piattaforma Scienze Omiche per Ortopedia Personalizzata, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gianluca Giavaresi
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, SC Scienze e Tecnologie Chirurgiche - SS Piattaforma Scienze Omiche per Ortopedia Personalizzata, Bologna, Italy
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Dash MK, Joshi N, Gautam D, Jayakumar R, Tripathi Y. Ayurvedic supportive therapy in the management of breast cancer. J Herb Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Balkrishna A, Khandrika L, Varshney A. Giloy Ghanvati ( Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Hook. f. and Thomson) Reversed SARS-CoV-2 Viral Spike-Protein Induced Disease Phenotype in the Xenotransplant Model of Humanized Zebrafish. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:635510. [PMID: 33953674 PMCID: PMC8091047 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.635510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The current Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome disease caused by Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been a serious strain on the healthcare infrastructure mainly due to the lack of a reliable treatment option. Alternate therapies aimed at symptomatic relief are currently prescribed along with artificial ventilation to relieve distress. Traditional medicine in the form of Ayurveda has been used since ancient times as a holistic treatment option rather than targeted therapy. The practice of Ayurveda has several potent herbal alternatives for chronic cough, inflammation, and respiratory distress which are often seen in the SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this study we have used the aqueous extracts of Tinospora cordifolia (willd.) Hook. f. and Thomson in the form of Giloy Ghanvati, as a means of treatment to the SARS-CoV-2 spike-protein induced disease phenotype in a humanized zebrafish model. The introduction of spike-protein in the swim bladder transplanted with human lung epithelial cells (A549), caused an infiltration of pro-inflammatory immune cells such as granulocytes and macrophages into the swim bladder. There was also an increased systemic damage as exemplified by renal tissue damage and increased behavioral fever in the disease induction group. These features were reversed in the treatment group, fed with three different dosages of Giloy Ghanvati. The resultant changes in the disease phenotype were comparable to the group that were given the reference compound, Dexamethasone. These findings correlated well with various phyto-compounds detected in the Giloy Ghanvati and their reported roles in the viral disease phenotype amelioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Acharya Balkrishna
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, India
- Department of Allied and Applied Sciences, University of Patanjali, Patanjali Yog Peeth, Haridwar, India
| | | | - Anurag Varshney
- Drug Discovery and Development Division, Patanjali Research Institute, Haridwar, India
- Department of Allied and Applied Sciences, University of Patanjali, Patanjali Yog Peeth, Haridwar, India
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Singh P, Gupta A, Qayoom I, Singh S, Kumar A. Orthobiologics with phytobioactive cues: A paradigm in bone regeneration. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 130:110754. [PMID: 34321168 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone injuries occur due to various traumatic and disease conditions. Healing of bone injury occurs via a multi-stage intricate process. Body has the potential to rectify most of the bone injuries but some severe traumatic cases with critical size defects may require interventions. Autografts are still considered the "gold standard" for fracture healing but due to limitations associated with it, new alternatives are warranted. The field of orthobiologics has provided novel approaches using scaffolds, bioactive molecules, stem cells for the treatment of bone defects. Phyto-bioactives have been widely used in alternative medicine and folklore practices for curing bone ailments. It is believed that different bioactive constituents in plants work synergistically to give the therapeutic efficacy. Bioactives in plants extracts act upon different signal transduction pathways aiding in bone healing. The present review focuses on the use, chemical composition, mode of delivery, mechanism of action, and possible future strategies of three medicinal plants popularly used in traditional medicine for bone healing: Cissus quadrangularis, Withania somnifera and Tinospora cordifolia. Plants extracts seem to be a natural and non-toxic therapeutic alternative in treating bone injuries. Most of the studies on bone healing for these plants have reported oral administration of the extracts and presented them as a safe alternative without any side effects despite giving higher doses. Forthcoming studies could be directed towards the local delivery of extracts at the defect site. Unification of herbal extracts and orthobiologics could be an interesting direction in the field of bone healing in future. The present review intends to provide a bird's eye view of different strategies used in bone healing, mechanisms involved and future direction of advancements using phytobioactives and orthobiologics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prerna Singh
- Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, UP, India
| | - Archita Gupta
- Department of Bioengineering, Birla Institute of Technology Mesra (BIT Mesra), Ranchi, 835215, Jharkhand, India
| | - Irfan Qayoom
- Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, UP, India
| | - Sneha Singh
- Department of Bioengineering, Birla Institute of Technology Mesra (BIT Mesra), Ranchi, 835215, Jharkhand, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, UP, India; Centre for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, UP, India; Centre for Nanosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, UP, India.
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