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Hartman TJ, Gebretsadik T, Adgent MA, Nickelberry M, Moore PE, Carlson H, Gross M, Zhao Q, Alcala CS, Zhang X, Bush NR, LeWinn KZ, Wright RJ, Carroll KN. Association of prenatal vitamin E levels with child asthma and wheeze. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2024; 35:e14208. [PMID: 39087502 DOI: 10.1111/pai.14208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the individual and interaction effects of maternal plasma 𝛂- and ϒ-tocopherol levels (vitamin E isomers) on child asthma and wheeze at age 8-9. METHODS Mother-child dyads were enrolled between 2006 and 2011 into the Conditions Affecting Neurocognitive Development and Learning in Early Childhood (CANDLE) prenatal cohort. Maternal second-trimester samples were analyzed for tocopherol and lipid concentrations. We assessed child asthma/wheeze using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) and other self-reported Ent wheeze. In multivariable logistic regression analyses, we assessed associations between vitamin E isomers and child asthma/wheeze outcomes (n = 847 mother-child dyads) and tested for prespecified interaction terms. RESULTS Median cholesterol-corrected tocopherol levels (interquartile range (IQR)) were 5.0 (4.3-5.7) and 0.8 (0.7-0.9) (umol/mmol) for 𝛂- and ϒ-tocopherol, respectively. Associations between 𝛂-tocopherol and asthma outcome variables were inverse but not statistically significant. In contrast, for ϒ-tocopherol, associations were in the positive direction, but also nonsignificant. Interactions analysis between tocopherols did not reach statistical significance for any outcome. Among children of women with a history of asthma, the likelihood of ever asthma in the child appears to be decreasing with increasing maternal 𝛂-tocopherol levels, whereas this trend was not observed among those without a history of asthma (p-interaction = .05). CONCLUSION We observed no associations for prenatal 𝛂- or ϒ-tocopherol concentrations with child asthma/wheeze. We detected some evidence of effect modification by maternal asthma history in associations between 𝛂-tocopherol and child asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terryl J Hartman
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Tebeb Gebretsadik
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Margaret A Adgent
- Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Health Policy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Marshae Nickelberry
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Paul E Moore
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Hannah Carlson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Myron Gross
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Cecelia S Alcala
- Department of Pediatrics and Environmental Medicine & Climate Science, Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Xueying Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics and Environmental Medicine & Climate Science, Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nicole R Bush
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kaja Z LeWinn
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Rosalind J Wright
- Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine and Climate Science, Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kecia N Carroll
- Department of Pediatrics and Environmental Medicine & Climate Science, Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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Diaconu ID, Gheorman V, Grigorie GA, Gheonea C, Tenea-Cojan TS, Mahler B, Voropanov IA, Firoiu MC, Pîrvu AS, Popescu AB, Văruț R. A Comprehensive Look at the Development of Asthma in Children. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:581. [PMID: 38790577 PMCID: PMC11120211 DOI: 10.3390/children11050581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Asthma, a prevalent chronic respiratory condition affecting millions of children globally, presents a significant health challenge. This review critically examines the developmental pathways of asthma in children, focusing on genetic, environmental, and early-life determinants. Specifically, we explore the impact of prenatal and postnatal factors such as maternal smoking, nutrition, respiratory infections, and allergen exposure on asthma development. Our analysis highlights the intricate interplay of these influences and their contribution to childhood asthma. Moreover, we emphasize targeted strategies and interventions to mitigate its burden, including genetic counseling for at-risk families, environmental modifications to reduce triggers, and early-life immunomodulation. By delving into these preventive measures and interventions, our review aims to provide actionable insights for healthcare professionals in developing tailored strategies to address the complexities of childhood asthma. In summary, this article offers a detailed examination of asthma development in children, aiming to enhance understanding and inform efforts to reduce its burden through targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ileana Diana Diaconu
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Petru Rareș 2 Str., 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Veronica Gheorman
- Department of Medical Semiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Petru Rareș 2 Str., 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Gabriela Adriana Grigorie
- Department of Pneumology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Petru Rareș 2 Str., 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Cristian Gheonea
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Petru Rareș 2 Str., 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Tiberiu-Stefanita Tenea-Cojan
- Department of Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, CFR Hospital of Craiova, Stirbei-Voda Str., 200374 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Beatrice Mahler
- Department of Pneumology, Faculty of Medicine “Carol Davila”, “Marius Nasta” Institute of Pneumoftiziology, 050159 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Ion Alexandru Voropanov
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Marius Nasta” Institute of Pneumoftiziology, 050159 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Mihnea Cristian Firoiu
- Department of Urology, Fundeni Clinical Institute, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sos. Fundeni nr. 258, 022328 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Andreea Silvia Pîrvu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Alexandru Bogdan Popescu
- Radiology Department, Targoviste County Emergency Hospital, Tudor Vladimirescu 48 Str., 130083 Targoviste, Romania;
| | - Renata Văruț
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Petru Rareş Street 2-4, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
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Perdijk O, Azzoni R, Marsland BJ. The microbiome: an integral player in immune homeostasis and inflammation in the respiratory tract. Physiol Rev 2024; 104:835-879. [PMID: 38059886 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00020.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The last decade of microbiome research has highlighted its fundamental role in systemic immune and metabolic homeostasis. The microbiome plays a prominent role during gestation and into early life, when maternal lifestyle factors shape immune development of the newborn. Breast milk further shapes gut colonization, supporting the development of tolerance to commensal bacteria and harmless antigens while preventing outgrowth of pathogens. Environmental microbial and lifestyle factors that disrupt this process can dysregulate immune homeostasis, predisposing infants to atopic disease and childhood asthma. In health, the low-biomass lung microbiome, together with inhaled environmental microbial constituents, establishes the immunological set point that is necessary to maintain pulmonary immune defense. However, in disease perturbations to immunological and physiological processes allow the upper respiratory tract to act as a reservoir of pathogenic bacteria, which can colonize the diseased lung and cause severe inflammation. Studying these host-microbe interactions in respiratory diseases holds great promise to stratify patients for suitable treatment regimens and biomarker discovery to predict disease progression. Preclinical studies show that commensal gut microbes are in a constant flux of cell division and death, releasing microbial constituents, metabolic by-products, and vesicles that shape the immune system and can protect against respiratory diseases. The next major advances may come from testing and utilizing these microbial factors for clinical benefit and exploiting the predictive power of the microbiome by employing multiomics analysis approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olaf Perdijk
- Department of Immunology, School of Translational Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rossana Azzoni
- Department of Immunology, School of Translational Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Benjamin J Marsland
- Department of Immunology, School of Translational Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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4
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Brustad N, Bønnelykke K, Chawes B. Dietary prevention strategies for childhood asthma. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2023; 34:e13984. [PMID: 37492917 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is the most common chronic disease in childhood and a rise in prevalence has been observed concomitantly with changing dietary habits in the Western world. This change has favored a more Westernized diet characterized by high intake of processed food and fat in contrast to a Mediterranean diet high in fruit, vegetable and fish intake. This has resulted in a decreased intake of several antioxidants and micronutrients including n-3 long-chained polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin D that are speculated to have anti-inflammatory effects and hold immunoregulatory properties. Several observational studies have investigated associations between dietary intake and wheeze and asthma but only few large well-conducted randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been performed investigating the primary preventive effect of micronutrient supplementations. Currently, the recommendations from the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) for primary prevention of asthma in children do not include maternal dietary changes or supplementations during pregnancy, although the most recent report mentions both specific dietary patterns and micronutrients as potential protective supplementation regimes. This review will present the current literature and future research needs focusing on primary and secondary prevention of both early and late childhood asthma from dietary intake during pregnancy and early childhood to highlight potential preventive effects of specific dietary patterns and micronutrient supplements, which may facilitate the planning of future clinical trials in search of a preemptive strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicklas Brustad
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Klaus Bønnelykke
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bo Chawes
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Vassilopoulou E, Guibas GV, Papadopoulos NG. Mediterranean-Type Diets as a Protective Factor for Asthma and Atopy. Nutrients 2022; 14:1825. [PMID: 35565792 PMCID: PMC9105881 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We are currently riding the second wave of the allergy epidemic, which is ongoing in affluent societies, but now also affecting developing countries. This increase in the prevalence of atopy/asthma in the Western world has coincided with a rapid improvement in living conditions and radical changes in lifestyle, suggesting that this upward trend in allergic manifestations may be associated with cultural and environmental factors. Diet is a prominent environmental exposure that has undergone major changes, with a substantial increase in the consumption of processed foods, all across the globe. On this basis, the potential effects of dietary habits on atopy and asthma have been researched rigorously, but even with a considerable body of evidence, clear associations are far from established. Many factors converge to obscure the potential relationship, including methodological, pathophysiological and cultural differences. To date, the most commonly researched, and highly promising, candidate for exerting a protective effect is the so-called Mediterranean diet (MedDi). This dietary pattern has been the subject of investigation since the mid twentieth century, and the evidence regarding its beneficial health effects is overwhelming, although data on a correlation between MedDi and the incidence and severity of asthma and atopy are inconclusive. As the prevalence of asthma appears to be lower in some Mediterranean populations, it can be speculated that the MedDi dietary pattern could indeed have a place in a preventive strategy for asthma/atopy. This is a review of the current evidence of the associations between the constituents of the MedDi and asthma/atopy, with emphasis on the pathophysiological links between MedDi and disease outcomes and the research pitfalls and methodological caveats which may hinder identification of causality. MedDi, as a dietary pattern, rather than short-term supplementation or excessive focus on single nutrient effects, may be a rational option for preventive intervention against atopy and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Vassilopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George V. Guibas
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Royal Preston Hospital, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston PR2 9HT, UK;
- School of Biological Sciences, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;
| | - Nikolaos G. Papadopoulos
- School of Biological Sciences, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK;
- Allergy Department, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Thivon and Levadias 1, 11527 Athens, Greece
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Chiu YHM, Carroll KN, Coull BA, Kannan S, Wilson A, Wright RJ. Prenatal Fine Particulate Matter, Maternal Micronutrient Antioxidant Intake, and Early Childhood Repeated Wheeze: Effect Modification by Race/Ethnicity and Sex. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:366. [PMID: 35204249 PMCID: PMC8868511 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) potentiates in utero oxidative stress influencing fetal development while antioxidants have potential protective effects. We examined associations among prenatal PM2.5, maternal antioxidant intake, and childhood wheeze in an urban pregnancy cohort (n = 530). Daily PM2.5 exposure over gestation was estimated using a satellite-based spatiotemporally resolved model. Mothers completed the modified Block98 food frequency questionnaire. Average energy-adjusted percentile intake of β-carotene, vitamins (A, C, E), and trace minerals (zinc, magnesium, selenium) constituted an antioxidant index (AI). Maternal-reported child wheeze was ascertained up to 4.1 ± 2.8 years. Bayesian distributed lag interaction models (BDLIMs) were used to examine time-varying associations between prenatal PM2.5 and repeated wheeze (≥2 episodes) and effect modification by AI, race/ethnicity, and child sex. Covariates included maternal age, education, asthma, and temperature. Women were 39% Black and 33% Hispanic, 36% with ≤high school education; 21% of children had repeated wheeze. Higher AI was associated with decreased wheeze in Blacks (OR = 0.37 (0.19-0.73), per IQR increase). BDLIMs identified a sensitive window for PM2.5 effects on wheeze among boys born to Black mothers with low AI (at 33-40 weeks gestation; OR = 1.74 (1.19-2.54), per µg/m3 increase in PM2.5). Relationships among prenatal PM2.5, antioxidant intake, and child wheeze were modified by race/ethnicity and sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Hsiu Mathilda Chiu
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, P.O. Box 1057, New York, NY 10029, USA; (Y.-H.M.C.); (K.N.C.)
- Kravis Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- The Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Kecia N. Carroll
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, P.O. Box 1057, New York, NY 10029, USA; (Y.-H.M.C.); (K.N.C.)
- Kravis Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- The Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Brent A. Coull
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Srimathi Kannan
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA;
| | - Ander Wilson
- Department of Statistics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;
| | - Rosalind J. Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, One Gustave L. Levy Place, P.O. Box 1057, New York, NY 10029, USA; (Y.-H.M.C.); (K.N.C.)
- Kravis Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- The Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
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Mikkola H, Honkila M, Tapiainen T, Jartti T. Susceptibility to rhinovirus-induced early wheezing as a risk factor for subsequent asthma development. CURRENT RESPIRATORY MEDICINE REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1573398x18666220103113813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:
Rhinovirus is one of the two most common viral agents that cause bronchiolitis in young children. During the first 12 months, it is second to the respiratory syncytial virus, but after 12 months, it begins dominating the statistics. Wheezing and dry cough are typical clinical symptoms indicative of rhinovirus-induced bronchiolitis, although overlap of symptoms with other virus infections is common. Several studies have shown that atopic predisposition and reduced interferon responses increase susceptibility to rhinovirus-induced wheezing. More recent studies have found that certain genetic variations at strong asthma loci also increase susceptibility. Rhinovirus-induced wheezing in the early years of life is known to increase the risk of subsequent asthma development and may be associated with airway remodeling. This risk is increased by aeroallergen sensitization. Currently, there are no clinically approved preventive treatments for asthma. However, studies show promising results indicating that children with rhinovirus-affected first-time wheezing respond to bronchodilators in terms of less short-term symptoms and that controlling airway inflammatory responses with anti-inflammatory medication may markedly decrease asthma development. Also, enhancing resistance to respiratory viruses has been a topic of discussion. Primary and secondary prevention strategies are being developed with the aim of decreasing the incidence of asthma. Here, we review the current knowledge on rhinovirus-induced early wheezing as a risk factor for subsequent asthma development and related asthma-prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannele Mikkola
- PEDEGO Research Unit and Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Minna Honkila
- PEDEGO Research Unit and Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Terhi Tapiainen
- PEDEGO Research Unit and Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Tuomas Jartti
- PEDEGO Research Unit and Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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Malmir H, Larijani B, Esmaillzadeh A. Fish consumption during pregnancy and risk of allergic diseases in the offspring: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:7449-7459. [PMID: 34128430 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1914543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Although several studies have reported the beneficial effects of maternal fish consumption on allergy diseases in the offspring, the findings are conflicting. We summarized earlier data on the association between maternal fish intake and risk of allergy diseases in the offspring through a meta-analysis. A systematic literature search of relevant reports published in Medline/PubMed, ISI web of Science, EMBASE, SCOPUS and Google Scholar prior to February 2020 was conducted. All observational studies (cross-sectional, case-control or cohort) that examined the relationship between intake of maternal fish and risk of allergy diseases in the offspring were considered. Duplicate and non-related studies were excluded. In total, 31 studies on maternal fish consumption and risk of allergic diseases in the offspring were included. Greater maternal fish intake was associated with a reduced risk of wheeze (Pooled effect size: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.96-0.99) and food allergy (0.75; 95% CI: 0.64-0.88). Maternal fish consumption was not associated with risk of asthma (pooled effect size: 0.99; 95% CI: 0.89, 1.11), eczema (pooled effect size: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.84, 1.03), allergic rhinitis (pooled effect size: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.75, 1.09), and inhalant allergy (pooled effect size: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.66, 1.13). In non-linear dose-response meta-analysis, increased intake of fish during pregnancy (at the level of 50 to 200 grams per week) was associated with a reduced risk of eczema (P non-linearity = 0.042). Meta-regression of included studies revealed an inverse linear association between maternal fish intake and risk of eczema; such that every additional 30-gram per week consumption of fish during pregnancy was associated with a 4% reduced risk of eczema. We found that fish intake during pregnancy was associated with a lower risk of wheeze, eczema and food allergy in children. No significant association was seen between maternal fish consumption and risk of offspring's asthma, allergic rhinitis, and inhalant allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanieh Malmir
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Wu AC, Greenberger PA. Asthma: Overdiagnosed, Underdiagnosed, and Ineffectively Treated. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2019; 6:801-802. [PMID: 29747983 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2018.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ann Chen Wu
- Center for Healthcare Research in Pediatrics (CHeRP), Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Paul A Greenberger
- Center for Healthcare Research in Pediatrics (CHeRP), Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill.
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Perdijk O, Marsland BJ. The microbiome: toward preventing allergies and asthma by nutritional intervention. Curr Opin Immunol 2019; 60:10-18. [PMID: 31078013 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Allergies and asthma have increased in prevalence over recent decades while the development of therapies to treat or prevent them has stagnated. Genetic predisposition and lifestyle changes influence the constituents of the microbiome and these host-environment-microbe interactions represent a key underlying pressure influencing disease susceptibility. Consequently, there has been a surge of interest in shaping the microbiome to a health-promoting state particularly through nutritional intervention strategies. However, mechanistic insights into the nutrition-microbe-host interplay are still needed in order for such approaches to succeed. In addition, little is known about how trans-kingdom interactions might influence disease susceptibility and progression. Future steps toward revealing the underlying mechanisms of host-microbe interactions will be pivotal for the development of effective dietary intervention strategies for the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olaf Perdijk
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
| | - Benjamin J Marsland
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
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Genetic Architectures of Childhood- and Adult-Onset Asthma Are Partly Distinct. Am J Hum Genet 2019; 104:665-684. [PMID: 30929738 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2019.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The extent to which genetic risk factors are shared between childhood-onset (COA) and adult-onset (AOA) asthma has not been estimated. On the basis of data from the UK Biobank study (n = 447,628), we found that the variance in disease liability explained by common variants is higher for COA (onset at ages between 0 and 19 years; h2g = 25.6%) than for AOA (onset at ages between 20 and 60 years; h2g = 10.6%). The genetic correlation (rg) between COA and AOA was 0.67. Variation in age of onset among COA-affected individuals had a low heritability (h2g = 5%), which we confirmed in independent studies and also among AOA-affected individuals. To identify subtype-specific genetic associations, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in the UK Biobank for COA (13,962 affected individuals) and a separate GWAS for AOA (26,582 affected individuals) by using a common set of 300,671 controls for both studies. We identified 123 independent associations for COA and 56 for AOA (37 overlapped); of these, 98 and 34, respectively, were reproducible in an independent study (n = 262,767). Collectively, 28 associations were not previously reported. For 96 COA-associated variants, including five variants that represent COA-specific risk factors, the risk allele was more common in COA- than in AOA-affected individuals. Conversely, we identified three variants that are stronger risk factors for AOA. Variants associated with obesity and smoking had a stronger contribution to the risk of AOA than to the risk of COA. Lastly, we identified 109 likely target genes of the associated variants, primarily on the basis of correlated expression quantitative trait loci (up to n = 31,684). GWAS informed by age of onset can identify subtype-specific risk variants, which can help us understand differences in pathophysiology between COA and AOA and so can be informative for drug development.
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Jartti T, Smits HH, Bønnelykke K, Bircan O, Elenius V, Konradsen JR, Maggina P, Makrinioti H, Stokholm J, Hedlin G, Papadopoulos N, Ruszczynski M, Ryczaj K, Schaub B, Schwarze J, Skevaki C, Stenberg‐Hammar K, Feleszko W. Bronchiolitis needs a revisit: Distinguishing between virus entities and their treatments. Allergy 2019; 74:40-52. [PMID: 30276826 PMCID: PMC6587559 DOI: 10.1111/all.13624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Current data indicate that the “bronchiolitis” diagnosis comprises more than one condition. Clinically, pathophysiologically, and even genetically three main clusters of patients can be identified among children suffering from severe bronchiolitis (or first wheezing episode): (a) respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)‐induced bronchiolitis, characterized by young age of the patient, mechanical obstruction of the airways due to mucus and cell debris, and increased risk of recurrent wheezing. For this illness, an effective prophylactic RSV‐specific monoclonal antibody is available; (b) rhinovirus‐induced wheezing, associated with atopic predisposition of the patient and high risk of subsequent asthma development, which may, however, be reversed with systemic corticosteroids in those with severe illness; and (c) wheeze due to other viruses, characteristically likely to be less frequent and severe. Clinically, it is important to distinguish between these partially overlapping patient groups as they are likely to respond to different treatments. It appears that the first episode of severe bronchiolitis in under 2‐year‐old children is a critical event and an important opportunity for designing secondary prevention strategies for asthma. As data have shown bronchiolitis cannot simply be diagnosed using a certain cutoff age, but instead, as we suggest, using the viral etiology as the differentiating factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuomas Jartti
- Department of Pediatrics Turku University Hospital and University of Turku Turku Finland
| | - Hermelijn H. Smits
- Department of Parasitology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Klaus Bønnelykke
- COPSAC Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Ozlem Bircan
- Department of Pediatric Allergy Istanbul Medeniyet University Göztepe Training and Research Hospital Istanbul Turkey
| | - Varpu Elenius
- Department of Pediatrics Turku University Hospital and University of Turku Turku Finland
| | - Jon R. Konradsen
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Women's and Children's Health Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Medicine Solna Immunology and Allergy Unit Karolinska Institutet Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
| | - Paraskevi Maggina
- Allergy Department 2nd Pediatric Clinic University of Athens Athens Greece
| | | | - Jakob Stokholm
- COPSAC Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Gunilla Hedlin
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Women's and Children's Health Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Nikolaos Papadopoulos
- Allergy Department 2nd Pediatric Clinic University of Athens Athens Greece
- Division of Infection Immunity & Respiratory Medicine University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | | | - Klaudia Ryczaj
- Department of Pediatric Pneumonology and Allergy Medical University of Warsaw Warsaw Poland
| | - Bianca Schaub
- Pediatric Allergology Department of Pediatrics Dr. von Hauner Children′s Hospital University Hospital German Center for Lung Research (DZL) LMU Munich Munich Germany
| | - Jürgen Schwarze
- Centre for Inflammation Research Queen's Medical Research Institute and Child Life and Health University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK
| | - Chrysanthi Skevaki
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine Philipps Universität Marburg Marburg Germany
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC) Philipps Universität, Marburg German Center for Lung Research (DZL) Marburg Germany
| | - Katarina Stenberg‐Hammar
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Women's and Children's Health Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
| | - Wojciech Feleszko
- Department of Pediatric Pneumonology and Allergy Medical University of Warsaw Warsaw Poland
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Mørkve Knudsen T, Rezwan FI, Jiang Y, Karmaus W, Svanes C, Holloway JW. Transgenerational and intergenerational epigenetic inheritance in allergic diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 142:765-772. [PMID: 30040975 PMCID: PMC6167012 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
It has become clear that early life (including in utero exposures) is a key window of vulnerability during which environmental exposures can alter developmental trajectories and initiate allergic disease development. However, recent evidence suggests that there might be additional windows of vulnerability to environmental exposures in the parental generation before conception or even in previous generations. There is evidence suggesting that information of prior exposures can be transferred across generations, and experimental animal models suggest that such transmission can be conveyed through epigenetic mechanisms. Although the molecular mechanisms of intergenerational and transgenerationational epigenetic transmission have yet to be determined, the realization that environment before conception can alter the risks of allergic diseases has profound implications for the development of public health interventions to prevent disease. Future research in both experimental models and in multigenerational human cohorts is needed to better understand the role of intergenerational and transgenerational effects in patients with asthma and allergic disease. This will provide the knowledge basis for a new approach to efficient intervention strategies aimed at reducing the major public health challenge of these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Faisal I Rezwan
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Yu Jiang
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tenn
| | - Wilfried Karmaus
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tenn
| | - Cecilie Svanes
- Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - John W Holloway
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
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Lee-Sarwar K, Kelly RS, Lasky-Su J, Kachroo P, Zeiger RS, O'Connor GT, Sandel MT, Bacharier LB, Beigelman A, Laranjo N, Gold DR, Weiss ST, Litonjua AA. Dietary and Plasma Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Are Inversely Associated with Asthma and Atopy in Early Childhood. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE 2018; 7:529-538.e8. [PMID: 30145365 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2018.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) influence immune function and risk of allergic disease. Prior evidence of the effect of PUFA intake on childhood asthma and allergy is inconclusive. OBJECTIVES To investigate associations of PUFA plasma levels and dietary intake with asthma and allergy at age 3 years in this ancillary study of the Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial. METHODS Plasma PUFA levels were reported as relative abundances from mass spectrometry profiling, and dietary PUFA intake was derived from food frequency questionnaire responses. Associations between PUFA and outcomes, including asthma and/or recurrent wheeze, allergic sensitization, and total IgE at age 3 years, were evaluated in adjusted regression models. Additional regression models analyzed the combined effects of antenatal vitamin D and early childhood PUFA on outcomes. RESULTS Total, omega-3, and omega-6 plasma PUFA relative abundances were significantly (P < .05) inversely associated with both asthma and/or recurrent wheeze and allergic sensitization. Likewise, dietary PUFA intake was inversely associated with asthma and/or recurrent wheeze (P < .05 for omega-6 PUFA only). For both dietary and plasma measures of total, omega-3, and omega-6 PUFAs, inverse associations with outcomes were strongest among subjects with both high umbilical cord blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D and high PUFA at age 3 years. CONCLUSIONS PUFA dietary intake and plasma levels are inversely associated with asthma and/or recurrent wheeze and atopy at age 3 years. Antenatal vitamin D could modulate the effect of early childhood PUFA on risk of asthma and allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Lee-Sarwar
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
| | - Rachel S Kelly
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Jessica Lasky-Su
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Priyadarshini Kachroo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Robert S Zeiger
- Departments of Allergy and Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, San Diego and Pasadena, Calif
| | - George T O'Connor
- Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass
| | - Megan T Sandel
- Department of Pediatrics, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Mass
| | - Leonard B Bacharier
- Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, and St Louis Children's Hospital, St Louis, Mo
| | - Avraham Beigelman
- Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology and Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, and St Louis Children's Hospital, St Louis, Mo
| | - Nancy Laranjo
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Diane R Gold
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Mass
| | - Scott T Weiss
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Augusto A Litonjua
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Golisano Children's Hospital at University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, NY.
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