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Jia G, Wu CC, Su CH. Association between dietary antioxidant and fatty acids and low muscle mass in obese and non-obese community-dwelling older adults: An NHANES analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e36517. [PMID: 38115288 PMCID: PMC10727605 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000036517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia increases disability, hospital stays, readmissions, and mortality in older adults. Antioxidative nutrients and fatty acids consumption may help maintain muscle mass by reducing oxidative stress. This study aims to assess the association between antioxidant and fatty acid intake and low muscle mass in community-dwelling older people. This retrospective analysis used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 1999 to 2004. Participants ≥ 60 years with information on muscle mass measured by Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) were included. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass was assessed. Associations between antioxidants and fatty acids intake, and low muscle mass were evaluated using logistic regressions. 3648 (1748 men and 1900 women) were included. The prevalence of low muscle mass was 41% and 26% among men and women ≥ 75 years, and 45.2% and 28.4% among obese men and women. In obese males, a natural-log-unit increase of vitamin A (aOR = 0.806, 95% CI: 0.652-0.996), vitamin C (aOR = 0.878, 95% CI: 0.779-0.990), selenium intake (aOR = 0.716, 95% CI: 0.517-0.993), and higher saturated fatty acids (aOR = 0.956, 95% CI: 0.915-0.998) and monounsaturated fatty acids (aOR = 0.959, 95% CI: 0.925-0.994) intake were associated with decreased odds for low muscle mass. Among obese females, a natural-log-unit increase of vitamin E (P = .036), vitamin B12 (P = .014), total folate (P = .015), zinc (P = .005), and selenium intake (P = .018) were associated with increased odds of low muscle mass, whereas higher saturated fatty acids (P < .001), monounsaturated fatty acids (P = .001), and polyunsaturated fatty acids intake (P = .006) were associated with decreased odds for low muscle mass. Antioxidants (vitamin A, C, E, B6, B12, total folate, zinc, magnesium, selenium) intake does not consistently relate to low muscle mass across age and sex. Higher intake of saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids are independently associated with reduced likelihood of low muscle mass in both obese older men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guhua Jia
- Department of Sports Teaching, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chieh-Chen Wu
- Department of Healthcare Information and Management, School of Health Technology, Ming Chuan University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Sport Coaching Science, College of Kinesiology and Health, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsien Su
- Graduate Institute of Sport Coaching Science, College of Kinesiology and Health, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Exercise and Health Promotion, College of Kinesiology and Health, Chinese Culture University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Hu K, Zhou Q, Jiang Y, Shang Z, Mei F, Gao Q, Chen F, Zhao L, Jiang M, Ma B. Association between Frailty and Mortality, Falls, and Hospitalization among Patients with Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:2690296. [PMID: 33575325 PMCID: PMC7861941 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2690296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronological age alone does not adequately reflect the difference in health status of a patient with hypertension. Frailty is closely associated with biological age, and its assessment is clinically useful in addressing the heterogeneity of health status. The purpose of our study is to comprehensively examine the predictive value of frailty for negative health outcomes in hypertensive patients through a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS Multiple English and Chinese databases were searched from inception to 04.11.2020. All cross-sectional and longitudinal studies that examined the association between frailty and relevant clinical outcomes among hypertensive patients were included. The NOS was used to assess the risk of bias of studies included in the analysis. Hazard ratios (HRs), odds ratios (ORs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled for outcomes associated with frailty. RESULTS Six longitudinal studies and one cross-sectional study involving 17403 patients with hypertension were included in the meta-analysis. The risk of bias of all included studies was rated as low or moderate. The pooled HR of frailty related to mortality was 2.45 (95% CI: 2.08-2.88). The pooled HR of prefrailty and frailty-related injurious falls was 1.07 (95% CI: 0.83-1.37) and 1.89 (95% CI: 1.56-2.27), respectively. The pooled HR of prefrailty and frailty-related hospitalization was 1.54 (95% CI: 1.38-1.71) and 1.94 (95% CI: 1.17-3.24), respectively. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review suggests that frailty was a strong predictor of mortality, hospitalization, and injurious falls among patients with hypertension. Our findings indicate that assessment of frailty in patients with hypertension to guide their management may be necessary in clinical setting. However, our finding was based on very limited amount studies; thus, future studies are required to further validate the role of frailty in prediction of negative health outcomes in hypertensive patients as well as pay more attention to the following knowledge gaps: (1) the association between frailty and hypertension-related outcomes, (2) the significance of the association between different frailty models and relevant clinical outcomes, and (3) the predictive value of prefrailty for the negative health outcomes in people with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyan Hu
- Evidence-Based Nursing Center, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yanbiao Jiang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhizhong Shang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Fan Mei
- Evidence-Based Nursing Center, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Qianqian Gao
- Evidence-Based Nursing Center, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Fei Chen
- Evidence-Based Nursing Center, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Evidence-Based Nursing Center, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Mengyao Jiang
- Evidence-Based Nursing Center, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Bin Ma
- Evidence-Based Nursing Center, School of Nursing, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Morley JE, Vellas B. Patient-Centered (P4) Medicine and the Older Person. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2019; 18:455-459. [PMID: 28549701 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John E Morley
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO.
| | - Bruno Vellas
- Gérontopôle, CHU Toulouse University Hospital and INSERM U1027, Toulouse, France
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Ida S, Kaneko R, Imataka K, Murata K. Relationship between frailty and mortality, hospitalization, and cardiovascular diseases in diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2019; 18:81. [PMID: 31215496 PMCID: PMC6582520 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-019-0885-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In patients with diabetes, death and cardiovascular diseases are attributed to classical risk factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, and smoking habit, whereas these events are attributed to frailty in the remaining patients. In this meta-analysis, we examined the relationship between frailty and mortality, hospitalization, and cardiovascular diseases in patients with diabetes. Methods Literature search was conducted using databases such as MEDLINE, Cochrane Controlled Trials Registry, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Studies that examined the relationship between frailty and mortality, hospitalization, and cardiovascular disease and included hazard ratios (HRs), odds ratios (ORs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were included. Statistical analysis was performed using a random effects model, and pooled HRs, pooled ORs, and 95% CIs were calculated. Results The literature search extracted 8 studies (565,039 patients) that met our inclusion criteria, which were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled HR of prefrailty and frailty related to mortality was 1.09 (95% CI 1.01–1.17; P = 0.02) and 1.35 (95% CI 1.05–1.74; P = 0.02), respectively, indicating a significant relationship between them. The pooled OR of prefrailty and frailty related to hospitalization was 2.15 (95% CI 1.30–3.54; P = 0.003) and 5.18 (95% CI 2.68–9.99; P < 0.001), respectively, indicating a significant relationship. Although a significant relationship was found between frailty and cardiovascular diseases, we found only few related studies; thus, robust results could not be obtained. Conclusions In patients with diabetes, a significant relationship was observed between frailty and mortality and hospitalization. However, only few heterogeneous studies were included, warranting further examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Ida
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolism, Ise Red Cross Hospital, 1-471-2, Funae, 1-chome, Ise-shi, Mie, 516-8512, Japan.
| | - Ryutaro Kaneko
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolism, Ise Red Cross Hospital, 1-471-2, Funae, 1-chome, Ise-shi, Mie, 516-8512, Japan
| | - Kanako Imataka
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolism, Ise Red Cross Hospital, 1-471-2, Funae, 1-chome, Ise-shi, Mie, 516-8512, Japan
| | - Kazuya Murata
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolism, Ise Red Cross Hospital, 1-471-2, Funae, 1-chome, Ise-shi, Mie, 516-8512, Japan
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Abstract
With an ever aging population, identifying interventions that can alleviate age-related functional declines has become increasingly important. Dietary supplements have taken center stage based on various health claims and have become a multi-million dollar business. One such supplement is creatine, a major contributor to normal cellular physiology. Creatine, an energy source that can be endogenously synthesized or obtained through diet and supplement, is involved primarily in cellular metabolism via ATP replenishment. The goal of this chapter is to summarize how creatine and its associated enzyme, creatine kinase, act under normal physiological conditions, and how altered levels of either may lead to detrimental functional outcomes. Furthermore, we will focus on the effect of aging on the creatine system and how supplementation may affect the aging process and perhaps reverse it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Sumien
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Ritu A Shetty
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Eric B Gonzales
- Department of Medical Education, TCU and UNTHSC School of Medicine, Fort Worth, TX, USA.
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Sánchez-Rodríguez D, Annweiler C, Ronquillo-Moreno N, Vázquez-Ibar O, Escalada F, Duran X, Muniesa JM, Marco E. Prognostic Value of the ESPEN Consensus and Guidelines for Malnutrition: Prediction of Post-Discharge Clinical Outcomes in Older Inpatients. Nutr Clin Pract 2018; 34:304-312. [DOI: 10.1002/ncp.10088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dolores Sánchez-Rodríguez
- Geriatrics Department; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM); Barcelona Spain
- Rehabilitation Research Group; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM); Barcelona Spain
- School of Medicine; Autònoma University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- School of Medicine; Pompeu Fabra University; Barcelona Spain
| | - Cédric Annweiler
- Department of Neurosciences and Aging; Division of Geriatric Medicine; Angers University Hospital; Angers University Memory Clinic; Research Center on Autonomy and Longevity; UPRES EA 4638; University of Angers; UNAM Angers France
- Robarts Research Institute; Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry; University of Western Ontario; London Ontario Canada
| | | | - Olga Vázquez-Ibar
- Geriatrics Department; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM); Barcelona Spain
- School of Medicine; Pompeu Fabra University; Barcelona Spain
| | - Ferran Escalada
- Rehabilitation Research Group; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM); Barcelona Spain
- School of Medicine; Autònoma University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM); Barcelona Spain
| | - Xavier Duran
- Methodology and Biostatistics Support Unit; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM); Barcelona Spain
| | - Josep M. Muniesa
- Rehabilitation Research Group; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM); Barcelona Spain
- School of Medicine; Autònoma University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM); Barcelona Spain
| | - Ester Marco
- Rehabilitation Research Group; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM); Barcelona Spain
- School of Medicine; Autònoma University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM); Barcelona Spain
- International University of Catalunya; Barcelona Spain
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Liccini A, Malmstrom TK. Frailty and Sarcopenia as Predictors of Adverse Health Outcomes in Persons With Diabetes Mellitus. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2017; 17:846-51. [PMID: 27569712 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2016.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Diabetes mellitus is associated with premature aging, and chronic diabetes is associated with significant physical and cognitive complications. We aimed to examine frailty and sarcopenia rates and 6-month health outcomes in a clinic-based sample of patients with diabetes. DESIGN This study was an observational study. Participants were recruited from June 2014 to August 2014, and follow-up was conducted 6 months after day of screening. SETTING Participants were recruited at outpatient endocrinology, geriatric, and internal medicine clinics affiliated with Saint Louis University in St. Louis, Missouri. PARTICIPANTS Participants were persons with diabetes mellitus ages 50 to 90. MEASUREMENTS Frailty and sarcopenia were identified using the FRAIL and SARC-F screens, respectively. A chart review of the patient's health record was performed on day of screening and at follow-up. A 6-month phone questionnaire was performed to evaluate health outcomes. Logistic regressions were used to evaluate health outcomes. RESULTS A total of 198 persons with diabetes were recruited. Of the sample, 32.3% of sample was nonfrail, 38.9% was prefrail, and 28.8% was frail; 29.3% of the sample was identified to have sarcopenia. Prefrail [odds ratio (OR) 2.92, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.15-7.42; P = .025] and frail (OR 4.70, 95% CI 1.67-13.19; P = .003) participants were more likely to be hospitalized overnight at 6-month follow-up. Frail (OR 3.57 95% CI 1.27-10.04; P = .016) participants were more likely to have a new activities of daily living (ADL) disability at follow-up; this association was not present for prefrail participants (OR 1.30, 95% CI .50-3.37; P = .59). Participants with sarcopenia were more likely to be hospitalized (OR 3.80, 95% CI 1.67-8.61; P = .001) and to have a new ADL disability (OR 4.24, 95% CI 1.76-10.18; P = .001) at 6-month follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Among clinic patients with diabetes mellitus ages 50-90 year old, frailty and sarcopenia prevalence is high, and both syndromes are predictors of being hospitalized overnight and new ADL disability after 6 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Liccini
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO.
| | - Theodore K Malmstrom
- Department of Psychiatry, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
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Dominguez LJ, Barbagallo M. The Multidomain Nature of Malnutrition in Older Persons. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2017; 18:908-912. [PMID: 28974466 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2017.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ligia J Dominguez
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Mario Barbagallo
- Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Morley JE. Nutrition and Aging Well. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2017; 18:91-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2016.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Landi F, Calvani R, Tosato M, Martone AM, Fusco D, Sisto A, Ortolani E, Savera G, Salini S, Marzetti E. Age-Related Variations of Muscle Mass, Strength, and Physical Performance in Community-Dwellers: Results From the Milan EXPO Survey. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2017; 18:88.e17-88.e24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2016.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Sánchez-Rodríguez D, Marco E, Ronquillo-Moreno N, Miralles R, Mojal S, Vázquez-Ibar O, Escalada F, Muniesa JM. The PSSMAR study. Postacute sarcopenia: Supplementation with β-hydroxyMethylbutyrate after resistance training: Study protocol of a randomized, double-blind controlled trial. Maturitas 2016; 94:117-124. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2016.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Protein Requirements during Aging. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8080492. [PMID: 27529275 PMCID: PMC4997405 DOI: 10.3390/nu8080492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein recommendations for elderly, both men and women, are based on nitrogen balance studies. They are set at 0.66 and 0.8 g/kg/day as the estimated average requirement (EAR) and recommended dietary allowance (RDA), respectively, similar to young adults. This recommendation is based on single linear regression of available nitrogen balance data obtained at test protein intakes close to or below zero balance. Using the indicator amino acid oxidation (IAAO) method, we estimated the protein requirement in young adults and in both elderly men and women to be 0.9 and 1.2 g/kg/day as the EAR and RDA, respectively. This suggests that there is no difference in requirement on a gender basis or on a per kg body weight basis between younger and older adults. The requirement estimates however are ~40% higher than the current protein recommendations on a body weight basis. They are also 40% higher than our estimates in young men when calculated on the basis of fat free mass. Thus, current recommendations may need to be re-assessed. Potential rationale for this difference includes a decreased sensitivity to dietary amino acids and increased insulin resistance in the elderly compared with younger individuals.
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Morley JE, Abele P. The Medicare Annual Wellness Visit in Nursing Homes. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2016; 17:567-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2016.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Morley JE. High-Quality Exercise Programs Are an Essential Component of Nursing Home Care. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2016; 17:373-5. [PMID: 26972346 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2016.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John E Morley
- Division of Geriatric Medicine and Endocrinology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
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Chan R, Leung J, Woo J. Dietary Patterns and Risk of Frailty in Chinese Community-Dwelling Older People in Hong Kong: A Prospective Cohort Study. Nutrients 2015; 7:7070-84. [PMID: 26305253 PMCID: PMC4555165 DOI: 10.3390/nu7085326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary pattern analysis is an emerging approach to investigate the association between diet and frailty. This study examined the association of dietary patterns with frailty in 2724 Chinese community-dwelling men and women aged > 65 years. Baseline dietary data were collected using a food frequency questionnaire between 2001 and 2003. Adherence to a priori dietary patterns, including the Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I) and the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) was assessed. Factor analysis identified three a posteriori dietary patterns, namely "vegetables-fruits", "snacks-drinks-milk products", and "meat-fish". Incident frailty was defined using the FRAIL scale. Binary logistic regression was applied to examine the associations between dietary patterns and four-year incident frailty. There were 31 (1.1%) incident frailty cases at four years. Every 10-unit increase in DQI-I was associated with 41% reduced risk of frailty in the sex- and age-adjusted model (odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval (CI)): 0.59 (0.42-0.85), p = 0.004). The association attenuated in the multivariate adjusted model (0.69 (0.47-1.02), p = 0.056). No association between other dietary patterns and incident frailty was observed. Our study showed that a better diet quality as characterized by higher DQI-I was associated with lower odds of developing frailty. The contribution of MDS or a posteriori dietary patterns to the development of frailty in Chinese older people remains to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Jason Leung
- Jockey Club Centre for Osteoporosis Care and Control, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Jean Woo
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
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