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Dilmen OK, Meco BC, Evered LA, Radtke FM. Postoperative neurocognitive disorders: A clinical guide. J Clin Anesth 2024; 92:111320. [PMID: 37944401 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2023.111320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
For years, postoperative cognitive outcomes have steadily garnered attention, and in the past decade, they have remained at the forefront. This prominence is primarily due to empirical research emphasizing their potential to compromise patient autonomy, reduce quality of life, and extend hospital stays, and increase morbidity and mortality rates, especially impacting elderly patients. The underlying pathophysiological process might be attributed to surgical and anaesthesiological-induced stress, leading to subsequent neuroinflammation, neurotoxicity, burst suppression and the development of hypercoagulopathy. The beneficial impact of multi-faceted strategies designed to mitigate the surgical and perioperative stress response has been suggested. While certain potential risk factors are difficult to modify (e.g., invasiveness of surgery), others - including a more personalized depth of anaesthesia (EEG-guided), suitable analgesia, and haemodynamic stability - fall under the purview of anaesthesiologists. The ESAIC Safe Brain Initiative research group recommends implementing a bundle of non-invasive preventive measures as a standard for achieving more patient-centred care. Implementing multi-faceted preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative preventive initiatives has demonstrated the potential to decrease the incidence and duration of postoperative delirium. This further validates the importance of a holistic, team-based approach in enhancing patients' clinical and functional outcomes. This review aims to present evidence-based recommendations for preventing, diagnosing, and treating postoperative neurocognitive disorders with the Safe Brain Initiative approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Korkmaz Dilmen
- Istanbul University- Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Basak Ceyda Meco
- Ankara University, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Lisbeth A Evered
- Department of Critical Care, School of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Anaesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Finn M Radtke
- Associate Professor, Head of Research Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Nykoebing Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, SDU, Guest Researcher at Charité, Berlin, Germany
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Langnas E, Maze M. Clinical Use of Adrenergic Receptor Ligands in Acute Care Settings. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38177400 DOI: 10.1007/164_2023_705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
In this chapter, we review how ligands, both agonists and antagonists, for the major classes of adrenoreceptors, are utilized in acute care clinical settings. Adrenergic ligands exert their effects by interacting with the three major classes of adrenoceptors. Adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists have important applications, ranging from treatment of hypotension to asthma, and have proven to be extremely useful in a variety of clinical settings of acute care from the operating room to the critical care environment. Continued research interpreting the mechanisms of adrenoreceptors may help the discovery of new drugs with more desirable clinical profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Langnas
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mervyn Maze
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Center for Cerebrovascular Research, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Zhu Y, Feng W, Kong Q, Sheng F, Li Z, Xu W, Li Q, Han Y, Wu X, Jia C, Guo J, Zhao Y. Evaluating the effects of S-ketamine on postoperative delirium in elderly patients following total hip or knee arthroplasty under intraspinal anesthesia: a single-center randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, pragmatic study protocol. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1298661. [PMID: 38099265 PMCID: PMC10720081 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1298661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Postoperative delirium (POD) is an acute, transient brain disorder associated with decreased postoperative quality of life, dementia, neurocognitive changes, and mortality. A small number of trials have explored the role of S-ketamine in the treatment of POD due to its neuroprotective effects. Surprisingly, these trials have failed to yield supportive results. However, heterogeneity in delirium assessment methodologies, sample sizes, and outcome settings as well as deficiencies in S-ketamine use methods make the evidence provided by these studies less persuasive. Given the severe impact of POD on the health of elderly patients and the potential for S-ketamine to prevent it, we believe that designing a large sample size, and rigorous randomized controlled trial for further evaluation is necessary. Methods This is a single-center, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, pragmatic study. Subjects undergoing total hip or knee arthroplasty will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to intervention (n = 186) and placebo (n = 186) groups. This trial aims to explore the potential role of S-ketamine in the prevention of POD. Its primary outcome is the incidence of POD within 3 postoperative days. Secondary outcomes include the number of POD episodes, the onset and duration of POD, the severity and subtype of POD, pain scores and opioid consumption, sleep quality, clinical outcomes, and safety outcomes. Discussion To our knowledge, this is the first pragmatic study that proposes to use S-ketamine to prevent POD. We reviewed a large body of literature to identify potential preoperative confounding variables that may bias associations between the intervention and primary outcome. We will use advanced statistical methods to correct potential confounding variables, improving the test's power and external validity of test results. Of note, the patient population included in this trial will undergo intraspinal anesthesia. Although large, multicenter, randomized controlled studies have found no considerable difference in the effects of regional and general anesthesia on POD, patients receiving intraspinal anesthesia have less exposure to at-risk drugs, such as sevoflurane, propofol, and benzodiazepines, than patients receiving general anesthesia. At-risk drugs have been shown to negatively interfere with the neuroprotective effects of S-ketamine, which may be the reason for the failure of a large number of previous studies. There is currently a lack of randomized controlled studies evaluating S-ketamine for POD prevention, and our trial helps to fill a gap in this area.Trial registration: http://www.chictr.org.cn, identifier ChiCTR2300075796.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youzhuang Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wei Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qinghan Kong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Fang Sheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhichao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, China
| | - Weilong Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yan Han
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiuyun Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Changxin Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jie Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
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O'Brien K, Feng R, Sieber F, Marcantonio ER, Tierney A, Magaziner J, Carson JL, Dillane D, Sessler DI, Menio D, Ayad S, Stone T, Papp S, Schwenk ES, Marshall M, Jaffe JD, Luke C, Sharma B, Azim S, Hymes R, Chin KJ, Sheppard R, Perlman B, Sappenfield J, Hauck E, Hoeft MA, Karlawish J, Mehta S, Donegan DJ, Horan A, Ellenberg SS, Neuman MD. Outcomes with spinal versus general anesthesia for patients with and without preoperative cognitive impairment: Secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial. Alzheimers Dement 2023; 19:4008-4019. [PMID: 37170754 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The effect of spinal versus general anesthesia on the risk of postoperative delirium or other outcomes for patients with or without cognitive impairment (including dementia) is unknown. METHODS Post hoc secondary analysis of a multicenter pragmatic trial comparing spinal versus general anesthesia for adults aged 50 years or older undergoing hip fracture surgery. RESULTS Among patients randomized to spinal versus general anesthesia, new or worsened delirium occurred in 100/295 (33.9%) versus 107/283 (37.8%; odds ratio [OR] 0.85; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.60 to 1.19) among persons with cognitive impairment and 70/432 (16.2%) versus 71/445 (16.0%) among persons without cognitive impairment (OR 1.02; 95% CI 0.71 to 1.47, p = 0.46 for interaction). Delirium severity, in-hospital complications, and 60-day functional recovery did not differ by anesthesia type in patients with or without cognitive impairment. DISCUSSION Anesthesia type is not associated with differences in delirium and functional outcomes among persons with or without cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyra O'Brien
- Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rui Feng
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Frederick Sieber
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Edward R Marcantonio
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ann Tierney
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jay Magaziner
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Carson
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Derek Dillane
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Daniel I Sessler
- Department of Outcomes Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Diane Menio
- Center for Advocacy for the Rights and Interests of the Elderly, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sabry Ayad
- Department of Outcomes Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Trevor Stone
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Steven Papp
- Division of Orthopaedics, Ottawa Hospital Civic Campus, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Eric S Schwenk
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mitchell Marshall
- Department of Anesthesiology, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - J Douglas Jaffe
- Department of Anesthesiology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Charles Luke
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Balram Sharma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Syed Azim
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Robert Hymes
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Inova Fairfax Medical Campus, Falls Church, Virginia, USA
| | - Ki-Jinn Chin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Richard Sheppard
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut, USA
| | - Barry Perlman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Peacehealth Medical Group, Springfield, Oregon, USA
| | - Joshua Sappenfield
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Ellen Hauck
- Department of Anesthesiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mark A Hoeft
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Jason Karlawish
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Samir Mehta
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Derek J Donegan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Annamarie Horan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Susan S Ellenberg
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mark D Neuman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Xing MW, Li CJ, Guo C, Wang BJ, Mu DL, Wang DX. Effect of intraoperative dexmedetomidine on long-term survival in older patients after major noncardiac surgery: 3-year follow-up of a randomized trial. J Clin Anesth 2023; 86:111068. [PMID: 36736209 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2023.111068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE To assess the impact of intraoperative dexmedetomidine on long-term outcomes of older patients following major noncardiac surgery mainly for cancer. DESIGN A long-term follow-up of patients enrolled in a randomized trial. SETTING The initial trial was performed in a tertiary care hospital in Beijing, China. PARTICIPANTS Patients aged 60 years or older who were scheduled for major noncardiac surgery. INTERVENTION Participants were randomized to receive either dexmedetomidine (a loading dose of 0.6 μg/kg over 10 min, followed by a continuous infusion of 0.5 μg/kg/h until 1 h before end of surgery) or placebo during anesthesia. MEASUREMENTS The primary endpoint was overall survival. Secondary endpoints included recurrence-free survival and event-free survival. Cox proportional hazard models were used to adjust for predefined confounding factors. Propensity score matching was employed for sensitive analysis. RESULTS Among 620 patients who were randomized in the initial trial, 619 were included in the long-term analysis (mean age 69 years, 40% female, 77% oncological surgery). The median follow-up duration was 42 months (interquartile range 41 to 45). Overall survival did not differ between the two groups: there were 49/309 (15.9%) deaths with dexmedetomidine versus 63/310 (20.3%) with placebo (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 0.78, 95% CI 0.53-1.13, P = 0.187). Recurrence-free survival was improved with dexmedetomidine (68/309 [22.0%] events with dexmedetomidine versus 98/310 [31.6%] with placebo; adjusted HR 0.67, 95% CI 0.49-0.92, P = 0.012). Event-free survival was also improved with dexmedetomidine (120/309 [38.8%] events with dexmedetomidine versus 145/310 [46.8%] with placebo; adjusted HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.61-1.00, P = 0.047). Results were similar after propensity-score matching and in the subgroup of cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS In older patients having major noncardiac surgery mainly for cancer, intraoperative dexmedetomidine did not improve overall survival but was associated with improved recurrence-free and event-free survivals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Wei Xing
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Chun-Jing Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Chao Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Bo-Jie Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Anesthesiology, the University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Dong-Liang Mu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Dong-Xin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China; Outcomes Research Consortium, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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Igwe EO, Nealon J, O'Shaughnessy P, Bowden A, Chang HCR, Ho MH, Montayre J, Montgomery A, Rolls K, Chou KR, Chen KH, Traynor V, Smerdely P. Incidence of postoperative delirium in older adults undergoing surgical procedures: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Worldviews Evid Based Nurs 2023. [PMID: 37128953 DOI: 10.1111/wvn.12649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the increase in life expectancy around the globe, the incidence of postoperative delirium (POD) among older people (≥65 years) is growing. Previous studies showed a wide variation in the incidence of POD, from 4% to 53%, with a lack of specific evidence about the incidence of POD by specific surgery type among older people. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the incidence of POD by surgery type within populations 65 years and over. METHODS Databases including PubMed, Cochrane library, Embase, and CINAHL were searched until October 2020. Due to the relatively higher number of meta-analyses undertaken in this area of research, a streamlined systematic meta-analysis was proposed. RESULTS A total of 28 meta-analyses (comprising 284 individual studies) were reviewed. Data from relevant individual studies (n = 90) were extracted and included in the current study. Studies were grouped into eight surgery types and the incidence of POD for orthopedic, vascular, spinal, cardiac, colorectal, abdominal, urologic, and mixed surgeries was 20%, 14%, 13%, 32%, 14%, 30%, 10%, and 26%, respectively. POD detection instruments were different across the studies, with Confusion Assessment Method (CAM & CAM-ICU) being the most frequently adopted. LINKING EVIDENCE TO ACTION This study showed that POD incidence in older people undergoing surgery varied widely across surgery type. The more complex surgeries like cardiac and abdominal surgeries were associated with a higher risk of POD. This highlights the need to include the level of surgery complexity as a risk factor in preoperative assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ezinne Oyidia Igwe
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jessica Nealon
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Pauline O'Shaughnessy
- School of Mathematics and Applied Statistics, Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alera Bowden
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
- Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hui-Chen Rita Chang
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mu-Hsing Ho
- School of Nursing, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Jed Montayre
- School of Nursing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Amy Montgomery
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kaye Rolls
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kuei-Ru Chou
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for Nursing and Healthcare Research in Clinical Practice Application, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
- Psychiatric Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kee-Hsin Chen
- Post-Baccalaureate Program in Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cochrane Taiwan, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Center for Nursing and Healthcare Research in Clinical Practice Application, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Evidence-based Knowledge Translation Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Victoria Traynor
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter Smerdely
- School of Population Health, UNSW Medicine, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- St George Hospital, Kogarah, New South Wales, Australia
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Yager M, Clark BR, Gulley N, Denny DL. Position Statement: Delirium Among Orthopedic or Rehabilitative Patients. Rehabil Nurs 2023; 48:87-90. [PMID: 37133328 DOI: 10.1097/rnj.0000000000000413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Yager
- Department of Orthopedics, Sharp HealthCare, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Betty R Clark
- Betty Clark Educational Services, Land O'Lakes, FL, USA
| | - Nichole Gulley
- VA Northeast Ohio Healthcare System, Louis Stokes VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Dawn L Denny
- Department of Nursing, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
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Yager M, Clark BR, Gulley N, Denny DL. Delirium Position Statement. Orthop Nurs 2023; 42:147-150. [PMID: 37262372 DOI: 10.1097/nor.0000000000000940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Yager
- Melissa Yager, PhD, RN, CNS, ONC, Director of the Orthopedic Service Line, Department of Orthopedics, Sharp HealthCare, San Diego, CA
- Betty R. Clark, MEd, BSN, RN, CRRN, Educational Services, Land O'Lakes, FL
- Nichole Gulley, MSN, APRN, AGCNS, CRRN, CMSRN, Spinal Cord Injury/Disorders Clinical Nurse Specialist, VA Northeast Ohio Healthcare System, Louis Stokes VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
- Dawn L. Denny, PhD, RN, ONC, Associate Professor, College of Nursing & Professional Disciplines, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND
| | - Betty R Clark
- Melissa Yager, PhD, RN, CNS, ONC, Director of the Orthopedic Service Line, Department of Orthopedics, Sharp HealthCare, San Diego, CA
- Betty R. Clark, MEd, BSN, RN, CRRN, Educational Services, Land O'Lakes, FL
- Nichole Gulley, MSN, APRN, AGCNS, CRRN, CMSRN, Spinal Cord Injury/Disorders Clinical Nurse Specialist, VA Northeast Ohio Healthcare System, Louis Stokes VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
- Dawn L. Denny, PhD, RN, ONC, Associate Professor, College of Nursing & Professional Disciplines, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND
| | - Nichole Gulley
- Melissa Yager, PhD, RN, CNS, ONC, Director of the Orthopedic Service Line, Department of Orthopedics, Sharp HealthCare, San Diego, CA
- Betty R. Clark, MEd, BSN, RN, CRRN, Educational Services, Land O'Lakes, FL
- Nichole Gulley, MSN, APRN, AGCNS, CRRN, CMSRN, Spinal Cord Injury/Disorders Clinical Nurse Specialist, VA Northeast Ohio Healthcare System, Louis Stokes VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
- Dawn L. Denny, PhD, RN, ONC, Associate Professor, College of Nursing & Professional Disciplines, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND
| | - Dawn L Denny
- Melissa Yager, PhD, RN, CNS, ONC, Director of the Orthopedic Service Line, Department of Orthopedics, Sharp HealthCare, San Diego, CA
- Betty R. Clark, MEd, BSN, RN, CRRN, Educational Services, Land O'Lakes, FL
- Nichole Gulley, MSN, APRN, AGCNS, CRRN, CMSRN, Spinal Cord Injury/Disorders Clinical Nurse Specialist, VA Northeast Ohio Healthcare System, Louis Stokes VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH
- Dawn L. Denny, PhD, RN, ONC, Associate Professor, College of Nursing & Professional Disciplines, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND
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Wang K, Su X, Ma JH, Wang DX. Optimal strategy for delirium detection in older patients admitted to intensive care unit after non-cardiac surgery. Front Surg 2023; 10:1095329. [PMID: 37051569 PMCID: PMC10083243 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2023.1095329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundDelirium detection is challenging due to the fluctuating nature and frequent hypoactive presentation. This study aimed to determine an optimal strategy that detects delirium with higher sensitivity but lower effort in older patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) after surgery.MethodsThis was a secondary analysis of the database from a randomized trial. Seven hundred older patients (aged ≥65 years) who were admitted to the ICU after elective noncardiac surgery were enrolled. Delirium was assessed with the Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU (CAM-ICU) twice daily during the first 7 days postoperatively. The sensitivity of different strategies in detecting delirium were analyzed and compared.ResultsOf all enrolled patients, 111 (15.9%; 95% CI: 13.3% to 18.8%) developed at least one episode of delirium during the first 7 postoperative days. Among patients who developed delirium, 60.4% (67/111) had their first delirium onset on postoperative day 1, 84.7% (94/111) by the end of day 2, 91.9% (102/111) by the end of day 3, and 99.1% (110/111) by the end of day 4. Compared with delirium assessment twice daily for 7 days, twice-daily measurements for 5 days detected 100% of delirium patients with 71% efforts; twice-daily measurements for 4 days detected 99% (95% CI: 94% to 100%) of delirium patients with 57% efforts; twice-daily assessment for 3 days detected 92% (95% CI: 85% to 96%) of delirium patients with only 43% efforts.ConclusionsFor older patients admitted to the ICU after elective noncardiac surgery, it is reasonable to detect delirium with the CAM-ICU twice daily for no more than 5 days, and if the personnel and funds are insufficient, 4 days could be sufficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xian Su
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Hui Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dong-Xin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Outcomes Research, Outcomes Research Consortium, Cleveland, OH, United States
- Correspondence: Dong-Xin Wang ;
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Steenblock J, Braisch U, Brefka S, Thomas C, Eschweiler GW, Rapp M, Metz B, Maurer C, von Arnim CAF, Herrmann ML, Wagner S, Denkinger M, Dallmeier D. Frailty index and its association with the onset of postoperative delirium in older adults undergoing elective surgery. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:90. [PMID: 36774453 PMCID: PMC9921654 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03663-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of frailty based on the accumulation of deficits with postoperative delirium (POD) has been poorly examined. We aimed to analyze this association in older patients undergoing elective surgery. METHODS Preoperative data was used to build a 30-item frailty index (FI) for participants of the PAWEL-study. Delirium was defined by a combination of I-CAM and chart review. Using logistic regressions models we analysed the association between frailty and POD adjusting for age, sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, education and type of surgery. RESULTS Among 701 participants (mean age 77.1, 52.4% male) median FI was 0.27 (Q1 0.20| Q3 0.34), with 528 (75.3%) frail participants (FI ≥ 0.2). Higher median FI were seen in orthopedic than cardiac surgery patients (0.28 versus 0.23), and in women (0.28 versus 0.25 in men). Frail participants showed a higher POD incidence proportion (25.4% versus 17.9% in non-frail). An increased odds for POD was observed in frail versus non-frail participants (OR 2.14 [95% CI 1.33, 3.44], c-statistic 0.71). A 0.1 increment of FI was associated with OR 1.57 [95% CI 1.30, 1.90] (c-statistic 0.72) for POD. No interaction with sex or type of surgery was detected. Adding timed-up-and-go-test and handgrip strength to the FI did not improve discrimination. CONCLUSION Our data showed a significant association between frailty defined through a 30-item FI and POD among older adults undergoing elective surgery. Adding functional measures to the FI did not improve discrimination. Hence, our preoperative 30-item FI can help to identify patients with increased odds for POD. TRIAL REGISTRATION PAWEL and PAWEL-R (sub-) study were registered on the German Clinical Trials Register (number DRKS00013311 and DRKS00012797).
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina Steenblock
- Agaplesion Bethesda Clinic, Ulm, Germany ,Geriatric Center Ulm/Alb-Donau, Ulm, Germany ,grid.410712.10000 0004 0473 882XInstitute for Geriatric Research, University Clinic Ulm, Ulm, Germany ,grid.6582.90000 0004 1936 9748Medical Faculty, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ulrike Braisch
- Agaplesion Bethesda Clinic, Ulm, Germany ,Geriatric Center Ulm/Alb-Donau, Ulm, Germany ,grid.6582.90000 0004 1936 9748Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Simone Brefka
- Agaplesion Bethesda Clinic, Ulm, Germany ,Geriatric Center Ulm/Alb-Donau, Ulm, Germany ,grid.410712.10000 0004 0473 882XInstitute for Geriatric Research, University Clinic Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christine Thomas
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Klinikum Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany ,grid.7708.80000 0000 9428 7911Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany ,grid.239395.70000 0000 9011 8547Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215 USA
| | - Gerhard W. Eschweiler
- grid.411544.10000 0001 0196 8249Geriatric Center at the University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Michael Rapp
- grid.11348.3f0000 0001 0942 1117Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Potsdam, Am Neuen Palais 10, 14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Brigitte Metz
- Geriatric Center Karlsruhe, ViDia Christian Clinics Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christoph Maurer
- grid.5963.9Center for Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Christine A. F. von Arnim
- grid.411984.10000 0001 0482 5331Department of Geriatrics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Matthias. L. Herrmann
- grid.7708.80000 0000 9428 7911Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany ,grid.411544.10000 0001 0196 8249Geriatric Center at the University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Sören Wagner
- grid.239395.70000 0000 9011 8547Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215 USA ,grid.419842.20000 0001 0341 9964Department of Anaesthesiology, Klinikum Stuttgart, Kriegsbergstrasse 60, 70174 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Michael Denkinger
- Agaplesion Bethesda Clinic, Ulm, Germany ,Geriatric Center Ulm/Alb-Donau, Ulm, Germany ,grid.410712.10000 0004 0473 882XInstitute for Geriatric Research, University Clinic Ulm, Ulm, Germany ,grid.6582.90000 0004 1936 9748Medical Faculty, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Dhayana Dallmeier
- Agaplesion Bethesda Clinic, Ulm, Germany. .,Geriatric Center Ulm/Alb-Donau, Ulm, Germany. .,Medical Faculty, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany. .,Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, USA.
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11
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Ackenbom MF, Zyczynski HM, Butters MA, Lopa S, Orris SR, Davis EM. Postoperative delirium in older patients after undergoing pelvic organ prolapse surgery. Int Urogynecol J 2023; 34:201-209. [PMID: 35403880 PMCID: PMC10320862 DOI: 10.1007/s00192-022-05170-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS To determine the 7-day incidence and risk factors of postoperative delirium (POD) occurring after prolapse surgery in women aged ≥60 years. METHODS A prospective study of women ≥60 years undergoing prolapse surgery at a large academic center. The primary outcome is positive Confusion Assessment Method delirium screen administered in person or by telephone at the time of hospital discharge and postoperative days 1, 3, 5, and 7. RESULTS This analysis included 165 patients, mean ± SD age of 72.5 ± 6.1 years, with median (IQR) years of education of 13 (12-16), and baseline Modified Mini-Mental Status (3MS) Exam score of 95 (92-98). Prolapse repair type was vaginal for 70% (n=115) and laparoscopic for 30% (n=50) of patients; most under general anesthesia, 151 (92.1%). The incidence of positive delirium screen during the first week after surgery was 12.1% (n=20). Most of these participants screened positive on postoperative day 0, 8.4% (n=14). In univariate analyses, a positive screen was associated with older age and fewer education years, lower 3MS exam score, greater baseline geriatric depression scale score, and greater frailty score. Lower 3MS score was the only variable that remained significant in the final model (adjusted odds ratio 0.84, 95% CI 0.75-0.95). CONCLUSIONS One in 12 women ≥60 years deemed eligible for discharge on the day of prolapse surgery screens positive for delirium. The 7-day POD incidence is comparable to other elective non-cardiac surgery cohorts. Given the increasing trend toward same day discharge after major prolapse surgery, more research is needed to determine the impact of universal delirium screening as part of discharge assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary F Ackenbom
- Magee Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Division of Urogynecology and Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Halina M Zyczynski
- Magee Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Division of Urogynecology and Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Meryl A Butters
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Samia Lopa
- Magee Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Steven R Orris
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of General Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Esa M Davis
- Department of General Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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12
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Kong H, Xu LM, Wang DX. Perioperative neurocognitive disorders: A narrative review focusing on diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. CNS Neurosci Ther 2022; 28:1147-1167. [PMID: 35652170 PMCID: PMC9253756 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Perioperative neurocognitive disorders (NCDs) refer to neurocognitive abnormalities detected during the perioperative periods, including preexisting cognitive impairment, preoperative delirium, delirium occurring up to 7 days after surgery, delayed neurocognitive recovery, and postoperative NCD. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders‐5th edition (DSM‐5) is the golden standard for diagnosing perioperative NCDs. Given the impracticality of using the DSM‐5 by non‐psychiatric practitioners, many diagnostic tools have been developed and validated for different clinical scenarios. The etiology of perioperative NCDs is multifactorial and includes predisposing and precipitating factors. Identifying these risk factors is conducive to preoperative risk stratification and perioperative risk reduction. Prevention for perioperative NCDs should include avoiding possible contributors and implementing nonpharmacologic and pharmacological interventions. The former generally includes avoiding benzodiazepines, anticholinergics, prolonged liquid fasting, deep anesthesia, cerebral oxygen desaturation, and intraoperative hypothermia. Nonpharmacologic measures include preoperative cognitive prehabilitation, comprehensive geriatric assessment, implementing fast‐track surgery, combined use of regional block, and sleep promotion. Pharmacological measures including dexmedetomidine, nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs, and acetaminophen are found to have beneficial effects. Nonpharmacological treatments are the first‐line measures for established perioperative NCDs. Pharmacological treatments are still limited to severely agitated or distressed patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Kong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Long-Ming Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dong-Xin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.,Outcomes Research Consortium, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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13
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Advances in Neuroimaging and Monitoring to Defend Cerebral Perfusion in Noncardiac Surgery. Anesthesiology 2022; 136:1015-1038. [PMID: 35482943 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0000000000004205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Noncardiac surgery conveys a substantial risk of secondary organ dysfunction and injury. Neurocognitive dysfunction and covert stroke are emerging as major forms of perioperative organ dysfunction, but a better understanding of perioperative neurobiology is required to identify effective treatment strategies. The likelihood and severity of perioperative brain injury may be increased by intraoperative hemodynamic dysfunction, tissue hypoperfusion, and a failure to recognize complications early in their development. Advances in neuroimaging and monitoring techniques, including optical, sonographic, and magnetic resonance, have progressed beyond structural imaging and now enable noninvasive assessment of cerebral perfusion, vascular reserve, metabolism, and neurologic function at the bedside. Translation of these imaging methods into the perioperative setting has highlighted several potential avenues to optimize tissue perfusion and deliver neuroprotection. This review introduces the methods, metrics, and evidence underlying emerging optical and magnetic resonance neuroimaging methods and discusses their potential experimental and clinical utility in the setting of noncardiac surgery.
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14
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Thillainadesan J, Aitken SJ, Monaro SR, Cullen JS, Kerdic R, Hilmer SN, Naganathan V. Geriatric Comanagement of Older Vascular Surgery Inpatients Reduces Hospital-Acquired Geriatric Syndromes. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2021; 23:589-595.e6. [PMID: 34756839 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2021.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluates the impact of a novel model of care called Geriatric Comanagement of Older Vascular surgery inpatients on clinical outcomes. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A pre-post study of geriatric comanagement, comparing prospectively recruited preintervention (February-October 2019) and prospectively recruited postintervention (January-December 2020) cohorts. Consecutively admitted vascular surgery patients age ≥65 years at a tertiary academic hospital in Concord and with an expected length of stay (LOS) greater than 2 days were recruited. INTERVENTION A comanagement model where a geriatrician was embedded within the vascular surgery team and delivered proactive comprehensive geriatric assessment based interventions. METHODS Primary outcomes of incidence of hospital-acquired geriatric syndromes, delirium, and LOS were compared between groups using univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses. Prespecified subgroup analysis was performed by frailty status. RESULTS There were 150 patients in the preintervention group and 152 patients in the postintervention group. The postintervention group were more frail [66 (43.4%) vs 45 (30.0%)], urgently admitted [72 (47.4%) vs 56 (37.3%)], and nonoperatively managed [52 (34.2%) vs 33 (22.0%)]. These differences were attributed to the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic during the postintervention phase. The postintervention group had fewer hospital-acquired geriatric syndromes [74 (48.7%) vs 97 (64.7%); P = .005] and reduced incident delirium [5 (3.3%) vs 15 (10.0%); P = .02], in unadjusted and adjusted analyses. Cardiac [8 (5.3%) vs 30 (20.0%); P < .001] and infective complications [4 (2.6%) vs 12 (8.0%); P = .04] were also fewer. LOS was unchanged. Frail patients in the postintervention group experienced significantly fewer geriatric syndromes including delirium. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS This is the first prospective study of inpatient geriatric comanagement for older vascular surgery patients. Reductions in hospital-acquired geriatric syndromes including delirium, and cardiac and infective complications were observed after implementing geriatric comanagement. These benefits were also demonstrated in the frail subgroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janani Thillainadesan
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Concord Hospital, Concord, Sydney, Australia; Concord Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Concord, Sydney, Australia; Center for Education and Research on Aging, and Aging and Alzheimers Institute, Concord, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Sarah J Aitken
- Concord Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Concord, Sydney, Australia; Concord Institute of Academic Surgery, Vascular Surgery Department, Concord Hospital, Concord, Sydney, Australia; Department of Vascular Surgery, Concord Hospital, Concord, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sue R Monaro
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Concord Hospital, Concord, Sydney, Australia; Susan Wakil School of Nursing, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - John S Cullen
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Concord Hospital, Concord, Sydney, Australia; Concord Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Concord, Sydney, Australia; Center for Education and Research on Aging, and Aging and Alzheimers Institute, Concord, Sydney, Australia
| | - Richard Kerdic
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Concord Hospital, Concord, Sydney, Australia
| | - Sarah N Hilmer
- Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Sydney, Australia
| | - Vasi Naganathan
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Concord Hospital, Concord, Sydney, Australia; Concord Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Concord, Sydney, Australia; Center for Education and Research on Aging, and Aging and Alzheimers Institute, Concord, Sydney, Australia
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15
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Genet B, Lamy T, Cohen-Bittan J, Glasman P, Verny M, Riou B, Boddaert J, Zerah L. Lack of Association Between Perioperative Medication and Postoperative Delirium in Hip Fracture Patients in an Orthogeriatric Care Pathway. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2021; 23:623-630.e2. [PMID: 34653382 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2021.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Units for perioperative geriatric care are playing a growing role in the care of older patients after hip fracture surgery. Postoperative delirium is one of the most common complications after hip fracture, but no study has assessed the impact of therapeutics received during a dedicated orthogeriatric care pathway on its incidence. Our main objective was to assess the association between drugs used in emergency, operating, and recovery departments and postoperative delirium during the acute stay. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS All patients ≥70 years old admitted for hip fracture to the emergency department and hospitalized in our unit for perioperative geriatric care after hip fracture surgery under general anesthesia between July 2009 and December 2019 in an academic hospital in Paris. METHODS Demographic, clinical, and biological data and all medications administered pre-, peri-, and postoperatively were prospectively collected by 3 geriatricians. Postoperative delirium in the unit for perioperative geriatric care was assessed by using the confusion assessment method scale. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess variables independently associated with postoperative delirium. RESULTS A total of 490 patients were included [mean (SD) age 87 (6) years]; 215 (44%) had postoperative delirium. The occurrence was not associated with therapeutics administered during the dedicated orthogeriatric care pathway. Probability of postoperative delirium was associated with advanced age [>90 years, odds ratio (OR) 2.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07-3.89], dementia (OR 3.51, 95% CI 2.14--5.82), depression (OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.14-3.01), and preoperative use of beta-blockers (OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.10-2.79). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS No emergency or anesthetic drugs were significantly associated with postoperative delirium. Further studies are needed to demonstrate a possible causal link between preoperative use of beta-blockers and postoperative delirium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastien Genet
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Unit of Peri-Operative Geriatric Care, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Hôpital la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
| | - Tina Lamy
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Unit of Peri-Operative Geriatric Care, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Hôpital la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Judith Cohen-Bittan
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Unit of Peri-Operative Geriatric Care, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Hôpital la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Pauline Glasman
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Hôpital la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Marc Verny
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Unit of Peri-Operative Geriatric Care, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Hôpital la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Team Neuronal Cell Biology and Pathology, Sorbonne Université, UMR CNRS 8256, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Riou
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Surgery, Sorbonne Université, UMRS INSERM 1166, IHU ICAN, APHP, Hôpital la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Jacques Boddaert
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Unit of Peri-Operative Geriatric Care, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Hôpital la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, UMR INSERM 1135, Paris, France
| | - Lorène Zerah
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Unit of Peri-Operative Geriatric Care, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Hôpital la Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, UMRS INSERM 1136, Institut Pierre Louis d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Paris, France
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16
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Ho MH, Nealon J, Igwe E, Traynor V, Chang HCR, Chen KH, Montayre J. Postoperative Delirium in Older Patients: A Systematic Review of Assessment and Incidence of Postoperative Delirium. Worldviews Evid Based Nurs 2021; 18:290-301. [PMID: 34482593 DOI: 10.1111/wvn.12536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postoperative delirium is the most common complication of surgery particularly in older patients. AIMS The current study aimed to summarize the commonly used delirium assessment tools in assessing postoperative delirium (POD) and to estimate the incidence rates of POD. METHODS A systematic review that included empirical cohort studies reporting the use of delirium assessment tools in assessing POD between 2000 and 2019. Five core databases were searched for eligible studies. The methodological quality assessment of the included studies was undertaken using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal checklist to examine the risk of bias. Pooled incidence estimates were calculated using a random effects model. RESULTS Nineteen studies with a total of 3,533 postsurgery older patients were included in this review. The confusion assessment method (CAM) and CAM-ICU were the most commonly used tools to assess POD among older postoperative patients. The pooled incidence rate of POD was 24% (95% CI [0.20, 0.29]). The pooled incidence estimates for mixed (noncardiac) surgery, orthopedic surgery, and tumor surgery were 23% (95% CI [0.15, 0.31]), 27% (95% CI [0.20, 0.33]), and 19% (95% CI [0.15, 0.22]), respectively. More than 50% of included studies used CAM to assess POD in different types of postoperative patients. Using CAM to assess delirium is less time-consuming and it was suggested as the most efficient tool for POD detection. LINKING EVIDENCE TO ACTION We identified that CAM could be implemented in different settings for assessing POD. The incidence and risk factors for POD introduced can be used for future research to target these potential indicators. The incidence rate, risk factors, and predictors of POD explored can provide robust evidence for clinical practitioners in their daily practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Hsing Ho
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Science, Medicine & Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,Department of Nursing, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jessica Nealon
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Ezinne Igwe
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Victoria Traynor
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Science, Medicine & Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Hui-Chen Rita Chang
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Science, Medicine & Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute (IHMRI), Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Kee-Hsin Chen
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Science, Medicine & Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,Post-Baccalaureate Program in Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cochrane Taiwan, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing and Evidence-based Knowledge Translation Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jed Montayre
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
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Qian K, Cao S, Liu X. Appeared inexplicable disorders of consciousness after general anesthesia tracheal tube drawing in endoscopic tympanoplasty. IBRAIN 2021; 7:113-118. [PMID: 37786906 PMCID: PMC10528784 DOI: 10.1002/j.2769-2795.2021.tb00073.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Disorders of consciousness (DOC) are neurocognitive disorders related to sharp fluctuations of attention and consciousness, while DOC is characterized by significant interindividual differences, rapid development, and a higher lethal rate. Case information A 53-year-old female patient underwent general anesthesia with tracheal intubation in otoendoscopic tympanoplasty. The patient suddenly appeared moderate DOC after tracheal tube removal with K+ 3.6 (3.5-5.3 mmol/L). Based on the ancillary testing and routine laboratory workup, the possible causes of DOC, such as general anesthesia drugs and cardio cerebral events, were temporarily excluded. DOC was reversed by intravenous administration of KCl 1 g, with K+ 3.78 mmol/L. On one day after surgery, the patient occurred suddenly DOC again after intravenous guttae of 5% glucose 1000 ml, K+ 3.87 mmol/L, possibly because of her recurrent hypokalemic paralysis (HP) of past medical history. The patient's consciousness gradually improved after effective KCl supplementation therapy. Conclusion DOC caused by periodic paralysis (PP) has not been reported, we speculate that hypoactive DOC is closely correlated with normokalemic periodic paralysis (NormoPP) in this case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Qian
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Song Cao
- Department of PainThe Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Xing‐Kui Liu
- College of Anesthesiology, Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
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