1
|
Choi YC, Chan PC, Cheung KWA, Huang JJ, Wong KLA, Doescher J, Lam TC. Impact of weight loss on treatment interruption and unplanned hospital admission in head and neck cancer patients undergoing curative (chemo)-radiotherapy in Hong Kong. Support Care Cancer 2023; 31:487. [PMID: 37486576 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-023-07952-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Malnutrition is highly prevalent in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients, with weight loss being one of the major nutritional indicators. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of weight loss on treatment interruptions and unplanned hospital admissions in HNC patients undergoing radiotherapy (RT) with or without chemotherapy. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, consecutive HNC patients who started RT between January 2011 and December 2019 were included. Data from a total of 1086 subjects with 747 (68.8%) nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPCs) and 31.2% (N=339) non-NPC patients were analysed. Body weight (BW) was measured before, during, and after RT treatment. Factors associated with ≥10% weight loss, treatment interruption, and unplanned admissions were analysed using multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS The prevalence of ≥10% weight loss was 26.8% (N=288), with 32.7% (N=243) in NPC and 13.5% (N=45) in non-NPC patients. The prevalence of RT delay in patients with ≥10% vs. <10% weight loss was 6.2% vs. 7.0% (p=0.668) in NPC patients and 42.2% vs. 50.5% (p=0.300) in non-NPC patients. The prevalence of unplanned admissions in patients with ≥10% vs. <10% weight loss was 51.9% vs. 25.3% (p<0.001) in NPC patients and 68.9% vs. 27.0% (p<0.001) in non-NPC patients. CONCLUSION In our study, ≥10% weight loss was found to be associated with a higher rate of unplanned admissions but not with RT delay or chemotherapy interruption. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS With the knowledge of the impact of weight loss on hospital admissions and the characteristics of patients with weight loss, nutritional intervention can be effectively focused on the stratification of patients for intensive nutritional support to reduce weight loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Chu Choi
- Department of Dietetics, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Po-Chung Chan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Jia-Jie Huang
- Quality and Services Department, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Johannes Doescher
- Department of Otolaryngology, Augsburg University Hospital, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Tai-Chung Lam
- Department of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Peinado BRR, Frazão DR, Bittencourt LO, de Souza-Rodrigues RD, Vidigal MTC, da Silva DT, Paranhos LR, Magno MB, Fagundes NCF, Maia LC, Lima RR. Is obesity associated with taste alterations? a systematic review. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1167119. [PMID: 37334283 PMCID: PMC10273260 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1167119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is a growing chronic public health problem. The causes of obesity are varied, but food consumption decisions play an important role, especially decisions about what foods to eat and how much to consume. Food consumption decisions are driven, in part, by individual taste perceptions, a fact that can influence eating behavior and, therefore, body mass. Methodology The searches were conducted in the electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Lilacs, and the grey literature (Google Scholar and Open Grey). The acronym PECO will be used, covering studies with adult humans (P) who have obesity (E) compared to adult humans without obesity (C), having as an outcome the presence of taste alterations (O). After searching, duplicates were removed. The articles were first evaluated by title and abstract, following the inclusion and exclusion criteria; then, the papers were read in full. After the studies were selected, two reviewers extracted the data and assessed the individual risk of bias and control statements for possible confounders and bias consideration. The narrative GRADE system performed the methodological quality assessment using the New Castle Ottawa qualifier and analysis of certainty of evidence. Results A total of 3782 records were identified from the database search, of these 19 were considered eligible. Forty percent of the eligible studies show that there was an association between obesity and different taste alterations for different flavors comparing with normal weights adults. In the methodological quality analysis of the nineteen studies, which assesses the risk of bias in the results, fifteen showed good methodological reliability, three showed fair methodological reliability, and one showed low methodological reliability. Conclusion Despite methodological limitations, the results of the studies suggest the existence of a association between obesity and taste alterations, but further investigations with more sensitive methodologies are necessary to confirm this hypothesis. Systematic review registration https://osf.io/9vg4h/, identifier 9vg4h.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Deborah Ribeiro Frazão
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Oliveira Bittencourt
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Tereza Campos Vidigal
- Division of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas, Gerais, Brazil
| | - Douglas Teixeira da Silva
- Division of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas, Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luiz Renato Paranhos
- Division of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas, Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcela Baraúna Magno
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Lucianne Cople Maia
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rafael Rodrigues Lima
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Periodontal status and whole salivary adipokines after scaling and root planing with and without adjunct antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in obese patients with periodontitis. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 40:103112. [PMID: 36089266 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.103112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Whole-salivary (WS) adiponectin and leptin levels after scaling and root planing (SRP) with and without antimicrobial-photodynamic-therapy (aPDT) in obese and normal-weight individuals with periodontitis remain uninvestigated. This study compared the effect of SRP without and with adjuvant aPDT on periodontal status and WS leptin and adiponectin levels (LAL) in obese patients with periodontitis. METHODS Groups 1 and 2 entailed obese patients without and with periodontitis. Groups 3 and 4 had normal weight individuals without and with periodontitis. Therapeutically, individuals with periodontitis were categorized into test- (SRP+aPDT) and control- (SRP alone) subgroups. All patients without periodontitis underwent routine dental prophylaxis. Clinical attachment loss (AL), gingival and plaque index (GI and PI), probing depth (PD), missing teeth (MT) and WS LAL were measured at baseline and at three months of follow-up. P<5% were graded statistically significant. RESULTS At baseline, clinicoradiographic variables were significantly higher among patients in test- and control-groups in groups 1 (P<0.01) and 3 (P<0.01) versus 2 and 4. In group 2 and 3, LL were significantly high at baseline compared with follow-up (P<0.01). There was no difference in periodontal parameters and WS adiponectin and LL in the test and control-groups at of follow-up. No correlation existed between salivary LAL and clinical periodontal parameters (PI, GI, PD and clinical AL). No correlation existed between age, gender and BMI and WS LAL. CONCLUSION In the short-term, SRP with or without aPDT is ineffective in the treatment of periodontitis in obese patients with periodontitis.
Collapse
|
4
|
Using structural equation modeling to understand family and psychological factors of childhood obesity: from socioeconomic disadvantage to loss of control eating. Eat Weight Disord 2022; 27:1809-1819. [PMID: 34731454 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-021-01323-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Current study aimed to empirically test the Hemmingsson's theoretical model of childhood obesity which emphasizing the importance of family environment and the emotional distress of parents as influential variables in the emotional distress of the child and subsequent weight gain. This study also tested the hypothesis that the emotional distress of the child triggers a weight gain-inducing behavior (loss of control eating) to suppress negative emotions. METHODS Families of 220 Spanish children participated in the study (28.2% normal, 35.1% overweight and 32.2% obesity), aged between 8 and 12. The evaluation included a clinical interview and a battery of questionnaires. RESULTS Structural equation models were computed according to the steps proposed by theoretical model. Fit indices were acceptable suggesting that the data adequately fit the hypothesized model. Path coefficients in the final model were statistically significant showing a relationship between socioeconomic status, the emotional distress of parents, family environment, the emotional distress of children, loss of control eating and child's BMI Z-score. CONCLUSION Considering this relation between emotional distress and child weight status, childhood obesity intervention programs may benefit from targeting family environment and the potential role that food is playing in the regulation of children's distress. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III: Cohort analytic study.
Collapse
|
5
|
Robino A, Rosso N, Guerra M, Corleone P, Casagranda B, Giraudi PJ, Tiribelli C, Simeth C, Monica F, La Bianca M, Gasparini P, de Manzini N, Palmisano S. Taste perception and expression in stomach of bitter taste receptor tas2r38 in obese and lean subjects. Appetite 2021; 166:105595. [PMID: 34242732 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Differences in taste perception have been related to eating behavior, nutritional status, and diseases. Recently, taste receptors have been identified in several extra-oral tissues, such as the gastrointestinal tract, where they seem to influence processes like digestion, sense of satiety as well as energy balance and intraluminal changes occurring in obesity. Our study aims to analyze differences in taste perception among 42 obese patients (OB) and 41 normal-weight subjects (LEAN). Polymorphisms in the gene codifying for the bitter taste receptor TAS2R38 and its expression on the surface of the gastric mucosa were tested and compared among OB and LEAN. Taste intensity of PROP (6-n-propylthiouracil), quinine, sucrose, citric acid and NaCl were measured on a labeled magnitude scale. DNA from peripheral whole blood was extracted and three polymorphisms in the TAS2R38 gene (rs713598, rs1726866, rs10246939) analyzed. Gastric biopsies were collected during bariatric surgery in OB and during endoscopy in LEAN. RNA was extracted and TAS2R38 gene expression assessed by RT-Real-Time qPCR. Anamnestic and anthropometric data were recorded in all participants during baseline visits. Logistic regression analysis showed that OB perceives sweet (sucrose) and bitter (PROP or 6-n-propylthiouracil) taste more intensely than LEAN (p-value = 0.02 and p-value = 0.005, respectively). While polymorphisms in TAS2R38 gene did not differ among OB and LEAN, we observed a significant increase of TAS2R38 mRNA levels in the stomach of OB compared to LEAN (p = 0.01). Our results provide new evidence of a link between obesity and altered taste perception as well as TAS2R38 expression in the stomach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Robino
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS ''Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria 65/1, 34137, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Natalia Rosso
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato - ONLUS SS14, Km 163.5, Area Science Park Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Martina Guerra
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume, 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy; Surgical Clinic Unit, Cattinara Hospital, ASUGI, Strada di Fiume, 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Pio Corleone
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume, 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy; Surgical Clinic Unit, Cattinara Hospital, ASUGI, Strada di Fiume, 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Biagio Casagranda
- Surgical Clinic Unit, Cattinara Hospital, ASUGI, Strada di Fiume, 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Pablo J Giraudi
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato - ONLUS SS14, Km 163.5, Area Science Park Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Claudio Tiribelli
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato - ONLUS SS14, Km 163.5, Area Science Park Basovizza, Trieste, Italy
| | - Catrin Simeth
- Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, Cattinara Hospital, ASUGI, Strada di Fiume, 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Fabio Monica
- Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, Cattinara Hospital, ASUGI, Strada di Fiume, 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Martina La Bianca
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS ''Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria 65/1, 34137, Trieste, Italy
| | - Paolo Gasparini
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS ''Burlo Garofolo", Via dell'Istria 65/1, 34137, Trieste, Italy; Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume, 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Nicolò de Manzini
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume, 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy; Surgical Clinic Unit, Cattinara Hospital, ASUGI, Strada di Fiume, 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Silvia Palmisano
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume, 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy; Surgical Clinic Unit, Cattinara Hospital, ASUGI, Strada di Fiume, 447, 34149, Trieste, Italy
| |
Collapse
|