1
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Khade V, Wuppulluri M. Microwave Absorption Performance of Flexible Porous PVDF-MWCNT Foam in the X-Band Frequency Range. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:35364-35373. [PMID: 39184473 PMCID: PMC11339829 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Lightweight electromagnetic absorbers made of polymers and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have attracted a lot of attention because of their potential to shield next-generation electronics devices from electromagnetic radiation without reflecting it back into space. In this research, a flexible foam composed of MWCNTs and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is developed. This foam is designed to be an electromagnetic shielding material that is both flexible and absorption-dominant, reducing electromagnetic interference. The solvent approach is used to fabricate the PVDF-MWCNT foam. It is discovered that the foam has a porosity of 88.9%. Each cell in the PVDF-MWCNT foam is formed in a porous layered manner. The foam demonstrates a dielectric constant (ϵ ' ) of around 7.19 and dielectric loss (ϵ " ) of 4.46 at 9.96 GHz as calculated from MATLAB using the Nicolson-Ross-Wire algorithm. This developed EM absorber exhibits a high shielding efficiency of 78.46 dB. With an ideal reflection loss of -26.5 dB, this absorber attains the desired outcomes. The electromagnetic shielding performance is supported by calculations of the impedance matching degree, which was found to be 0.54. The PVDF-MWCNT foam displayed absorption-dominant characteristics, with a significantly low shielding due to reflection. This newly developed foam EM absorber has proven itself capable in a variety of commercial and stealth-related applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishnavi Khade
- Center
for Functional Materials, Vellore Institute
of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
- School
of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute
of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Madhuri Wuppulluri
- Center
for Functional Materials, Vellore Institute
of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
- School
of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute
of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
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2
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Negarandeh R, Malek M, Molaee S, Mohammadnejad E, Aazami S. Use of Personal Cell Phones by Nurses is Barrier to Effective Nursing Care in Hospitals: A Qualitative Research. Hosp Top 2024:1-7. [PMID: 39140243 DOI: 10.1080/00185868.2024.2389087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Using cell phones by nurses can affect the quality of care. This study aimed to explore the consequences of using cell phones by nurses in hospitals. A qualitative approach was used. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Nursing staff, patients, and their relatives participated in this study. Categories of "emotionless care," "neglect in care," "impaired professional behavior" and a main theme of "Personal cell phone is a barrier to effective nursing care" extracted. Using cell phone during work could jeopardize patients' safety and ruins the nursing profession image. It is necessary to formulate guidelines on how to use cell phones in hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Negarandeh
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Malek
- Medical and Surgical Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Anesthesiology and Emergency Medical Department, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Tehran university of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Molaee
- Medical and Surgical Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Mohammadnejad
- Medical and Surgical Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sanaz Aazami
- Nursing Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
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3
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Guo Z, Chen J, Chu S, Zhou W, Xie J. Microstructure regulation and microwave absorption properties of ZnO/RGO composites. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:11968-11979. [PMID: 38573242 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp06282a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Electromagnetic waves can cause different degrees of damage to the human body. People are developing unique nanomaterials with excellent reflection loss (RL), thin thickness, wide frequency band and light weight to improve the absorption efficiency of electromagnetic waves. Using a hydrothermal method, ZnO nanocrystals are combined with graphene oxide (GO). After heat treatment, evenly dispersed ZnO nanocrystals are attached to the GO surface or inserted into the lamellae, and the amount of Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O and GO is selected to obtain ZnO/RGO nanocomposites with different mass ratios (1 : 1, 1 : 2, 1 : 3). The ZnO/RGO nanocomposites were mixed with paraffin wax with different mass ratios (15, 20, 25, 30 wt%) to explore their electromagnetic parameters and wave absorption properties. It is found that at 25 wt%, ZnO : GO = 3 : 1 and thickness of 3 mm, the sample exhibits excellent wave absorption performance (-36.6 dB) and wide effective absorption bandwidth (6.6 GHz). The microwave absorption performance is enhanced because ZnO nanocrystals inhibit RGO agglomeration and improve impedance matching between the heterostructure interface and RGO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi 'an University of Science and Technology, Xi 'an 710054, China.
| | - Jin Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi 'an University of Science and Technology, Xi 'an 710054, China.
| | - Suihong Chu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi 'an University of Science and Technology, Xi 'an 710054, China.
| | - Wenwen Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi 'an University of Science and Technology, Xi 'an 710054, China.
| | - Jiaqiang Xie
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi 'an University of Science and Technology, Xi 'an 710054, China.
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4
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Ashouri-Sanjani M, Salari M, Rahmati R, Hamidinejad M, Park CB. Incorporating Loss Factor Modular Design for Full Ku-Band Microwave Attenuation in Double-Layered Graphene Aerogels. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:53847-53858. [PMID: 37960885 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c12643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication of absorption-dominant electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials is a pressing priority to prevent secondary electromagnetic pollution in miniaturized electronic devices and communication systems. Meeting this goal has remained a tough challenge to keep pace with the rapid evolution of electronics due to the complex compositional and structural design and narrow operating bands. This work articulates a sound and simple strategy to precisely modulate the electrical conductivity of reduced graphene oxide (rGO), as the building block in lightweight double-layered rGO-film/rGO-aerogel/polyvinyl-alcohol (PVA) composites, for efficient microwave absorption over the entire Ku-band frequency range. These constructs reasonably comprised a porous absorption structure built from parallel rGO sheets aligned and prepared via freeze casting followed by freeze drying. The electrical conductivity and impedance of this layer were tuned by varying the annealing temperature from 400 to 800 °C, thereby adjusting the degree of reduction and the absorption characteristic. This layer was backed by a highly conductive rGO film reduced at a high temperature of 1000 °C, with a reflectivity of 97.5%. The incorporation of this film ensured high EMI shielding effectiveness of the double-layered structure through the absorption-reflection-reabsorption mechanism, consistent with the predicted values based on calculated loss factors and the input impedance of the structure. Accordingly, at an average EMI shielding effectiveness of 57.59 dB, the reflection shielding effectiveness (SER) and reflectivity (R) of the assembled composites were optimized to be as low as 0.22 dB and 0.049, respectively. This equates to approximately 99.999% shielding (SET) and ∼95% absorptivity (A) of the incident wave. This study opens new avenues for the development of lightweight (with a density as low as 15 mg/cm3) absorption-dominant EMI shielding composite materials with promising EMI shielding efficiency and potential applications in modern electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Ashouri-Sanjani
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Meysam Salari
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Reza Rahmati
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Mahdi Hamidinejad
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Donadeo Innovation Centre for Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2H5, Canada
| | - Chul B Park
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto M5S 3G8, Canada
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5
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Ma L, Wei L, Hamidinejad M, Park CB. Layered polymer composite foams for broadband ultra-low reflectance EMI shielding: a computationally guided fabrication approach. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:4423-4437. [PMID: 37486618 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh00632h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
The development of layered polymer composites and foams offers a promising solution for achieving effective electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding while minimizing secondary electromagnetic pollution. However, the current fabrication process is largely based on trial and error, with limited focus on optimizing geometry and microstructure. This often results in suboptimal electromagnetic wave reflection and the use of unnecessarily thick samples. In this study, an input impedance model was employed to guide the fabrication of layered PVDF composite foams. This approach optimized the void fraction (VF) and the thickness of each layer to achieve broadband low reflection. Moreover, hybrid heterostructures of SiCnw@MXene were incorporated into the PVDF composite foams as an absorption layer, while the conductive PVDF/CNT composite foams served as a shielding layer. Directed by theoretical computations, we found that combining 2.2 mm of PVDF/SiCnw@MXene composite foam (50% VF) and 1.6 mm of PVDF/CNT composite yielded EMI shielding effectiveness of 45 dB, with an average reflectivity (R) of 0.03 and an effective absorption bandwidth of 5.54 GHz (for R < 0.1) over the Ku-band (12.4-18 GHz). Importantly, the corresponding peak R was only 0.000017. Our work showcases a theoretically guided approach for developing absorption-dominant EMI shielding materials with broadband ultra-low reflection, paving the way for cutting-edge applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada.
| | - Linfeng Wei
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada.
| | - Mahdi Hamidinejad
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211-116 Street NW, Edmonton, AB T6G1H9, Canada.
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, 9211-116 Street NW, Edmonton, AB T6G1H9, Canada.
| | - Chul B Park
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G8, Canada.
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Zhou C, Zhu X, Xiong R, Hu K, Ouyang F, Huang C, Huang T. Research on a Method of Locating Civil Aviation Radio Interference Sources Based on Time Difference of Arrival and Frequency Difference of Arrival for Four Unmanned Aerial Vehicles. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:7939. [PMID: 37765996 PMCID: PMC10537797 DOI: 10.3390/s23187939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring and analyzing radio interference sources play a crucial role in ensuring the safe operation of civil aviation navigation, communication, airport management, and air traffic control. Traditional ground monitoring methods are slow and inadequate for tracking aerial and mobile interference sources effectively. Although flight methods such as helicopters and airships can effectively monitor aerial interference, the flight approval process is time-consuming and expensive. This paper investigates a novel approach to locating civil aviation radio interference sources using four unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to address this issue. It establishes a model for aerial positioning of radio interference sources with the four UAVs and proposes a method for time synchronization and data communication among them. The paper conducts simulations of the four-UAV time-frequency difference positioning method, analyzing the geometric accuracy dilution with different deployment configurations of the UAVs, positioning biases, and root mean square errors (RMSEs) under varying interference source movement speeds. The simulation results provide crucial data to support subsequent experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhou
- Institute of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan 618307, China
| | - Xingyu Zhu
- College of Air Traffic Management, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan 618307, China
| | - Renhe Xiong
- College of Air Traffic Management, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan 618307, China
| | - Kun Hu
- College of Air Traffic Management, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan 618307, China
| | - Feng Ouyang
- CAAC Academy of Flight Technology and Safety, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan 618307, China
| | - Chi Huang
- College of Air Traffic Management, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan 618307, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Institute of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan 618307, China
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7
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Idumah CI. Recent advancements in electromagnetic interference shielding of polymer and mxene nanocomposites. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2022.2089581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Igwe Idumah
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Polymer Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
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8
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Luschi A, Villa EAB, Gherardelli M, Iadanza E. Designing and developing a mobile application for indoor real-time positioning and navigation in healthcare facilities. Technol Health Care 2022; 30:1371-1395. [PMID: 35988230 DOI: 10.3233/thc-220146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Navigation portable applications have largely grown during the last years. However, the majority of them works just for outdoor positioning and routing, due to their architecture based upon Global Positioning System signals. Real-Time Positioning System intended to provide position estimation inside buildings is known as Indoor Positioning System (IPS). OBJECTIVE This paper presents an IPS implemented as a mobile application that can guide patients and visitors throughout a healthcare premise. METHODS The proposed system exploits the geolocation capabilities offered by existing navigation frameworks for determining and displaying the user's position. A hybrid mobile application architecture has been adopted because it allows to deploy the code to multiple platforms, simplifying maintenance and upgrading. RESULTS The developed application features two different working modes for on-site and off-site navigation, which offer both the possibility of actual navigation within the hospital, or planning a route from a list of available starting points to the desired target, without being within the navigable area. Tests have been conducted to evaluate the performance and the accuracy of the system. CONCLUSION The proposed application aims to overcome the limitations of Global Navigation Satellite System by using magnetic fingerprinting in combination with sensor fusion simultaneously. This prevents to rely on a single technology, reducing possible system failures and increasing the scalability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Luschi
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Monica Gherardelli
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Ernesto Iadanza
- Department of Information Engineering, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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9
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Wu B, Zhu K, Wen X, Li M, Yang Y, Yang J. Fe
3
O
4
@
PA6
/
MWCNT
composites with multiple gradient segregated structures for electromagnetic shielding with low reflection. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bozhen Wu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou China
| | - Kaiqi Zhu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou China
| | - Xinghan Wen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou China
| | - Minpei Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou China
| | - Yuhao Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou China
| | - Jintao Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou China
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10
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Ma L, Hamidinejad M, Zhao B, Liang C, Park CB. Layered Foam/Film Polymer Nanocomposites with Highly Efficient EMI Shielding Properties and Ultralow Reflection. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2021; 14:19. [PMID: 34874495 PMCID: PMC8651911 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-021-00759-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Lightweight, high-efficiency and low reflection electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding polymer composites are greatly desired for addressing the challenge of ever-increasing electromagnetic pollution. Lightweight layered foam/film PVDF nanocomposites with efficient EMI shielding effectiveness and ultralow reflection power were fabricated by physical foaming. The unique layered foam/film structure was composed of PVDF/SiCnw/MXene (Ti3C2Tx) composite foam as absorption layer and highly conductive PVDF/MWCNT/GnPs composite film as a reflection layer. The foam layer with numerous heterogeneous interfaces developed between the SiC nanowires (SiCnw) and 2D MXene nanosheets imparted superior EM wave attenuation capability. Furthermore, the microcellular structure effectively tuned the impedance matching and prolonged the wave propagating path by internal scattering and multiple reflections. Meanwhile, the highly conductive PVDF/MWCNT/GnPs composite (~ 220 S m-1) exhibited superior reflectivity (R) of 0.95. The tailored structure in the layered foam/film PVDF nanocomposite exhibited an EMI SE of 32.6 dB and a low reflection bandwidth of 4 GHz (R < 0.1) over the Ku-band (12.4 - 18.0 GHz) at a thickness of 1.95 mm. A peak SER of 3.1 × 10-4 dB was obtained which corresponds to only 0.0022% reflection efficiency. In consequence, this study introduces a feasible approach to develop lightweight, high-efficiency EMI shielding materials with ultralow reflection for emerging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Mahdi Hamidinejad
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G8, Canada
- Institute for Manufacturing, Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FS, UK
| | - Biao Zhao
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G8, Canada.
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China.
- Henan Key Laboratory of Aeronautical Materials and Application Technology, School of Material Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, People's Republic of China.
| | - Caiyun Liang
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G8, Canada
- CAS Key Laboratory of High-Performance Synthetic Rubber and Its Composite Materials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Chul B Park
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G8, Canada.
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11
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Kruželák J, Kvasničáková A, Hložeková K, Plavec R, Dosoudil R, Gořalík M, Vilčáková J, Hudec I. Mechanical, Thermal, Electrical Characteristics and EMI Absorption Shielding Effectiveness of Rubber Composites Based on Ferrite and Carbon Fillers. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2937. [PMID: 34502977 PMCID: PMC8434386 DOI: 10.3390/polym13172937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, rubber composites were fabricated by incorporation of manganese-zinc ferrite alone and in combination with carbon-based fillers into acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber. Electromagnetic parameters and electromagnetic interference (EMI) absorption shielding effectiveness of composite materials were examined in the frequency range 1 MHz-3 GHz. The influence of ferrite and fillers combination on thermal characteristics and mechanical properties of composites was investigated as well. The results revealed that ferrite imparts absorption shielding efficiency to the composites in tested frequency range. The absorption shielding effectiveness and absorption maxima of ferrite filled composites shifted to lower frequencies with increasing content of magnetic filler. The combination of carbon black and ferrite also resulted in the fabrication of efficient EMI shields. However, the EMI absorption shielding effectiveness was lower, which can be ascribed to higher electrical conductivity and higher permittivity of those materials. The highest conductivity and permittivity of composites filled with combination of carbon nanotubes and ferrite was responsible for the lowest absorption shielding effectiveness within the examined frequency range. The results also demonstrated that combination of ferrite with carbon-based fillers resulted in the enhancement of thermal conductivity and improvement of mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ján Kruželák
- Department of Plastics, Rubber and Fibres, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.K.); (K.H.); (R.P.); (I.H.)
| | - Andrea Kvasničáková
- Department of Plastics, Rubber and Fibres, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.K.); (K.H.); (R.P.); (I.H.)
| | - Klaudia Hložeková
- Department of Plastics, Rubber and Fibres, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.K.); (K.H.); (R.P.); (I.H.)
| | - Roderik Plavec
- Department of Plastics, Rubber and Fibres, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.K.); (K.H.); (R.P.); (I.H.)
| | - Rastislav Dosoudil
- Department of Electromagnetic Theory, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Iľkovičova 3, 812 19 Bratislava, Slovakia;
| | - Marek Gořalík
- Polymer Centre, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Vavrečkova 275, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic;
| | - Jarmila Vilčáková
- Centre of Polymer Systems, University Institute, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Třída Tomáše Bati 5678, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic;
| | - Ivan Hudec
- Department of Plastics, Rubber and Fibres, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia; (A.K.); (K.H.); (R.P.); (I.H.)
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12
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COVID-19 in Critical Care Units: Rethinking the Humanization of Nursing Care. Dimens Crit Care Nurs 2020; 39:239-241. [PMID: 32740193 DOI: 10.1097/dcc.0000000000000438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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13
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Kilcullen ML, Kandasamy Y, Evans M, Kanagasignam Y, Atkinson I, van der Valk S, Vignarajan J, Baxter M. Neonatal nurses’ perceptions of using live streaming video cameras to view infants in a regional NICU. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnn.2020.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Zhan Y, Lago E, Santillo C, Del Río Castillo AE, Hao S, Buonocore GG, Chen Z, Xia H, Lavorgna M, Bonaccorso F. An anisotropic layer-by-layer carbon nanotube/boron nitride/rubber composite and its application in electromagnetic shielding. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:7782-7791. [PMID: 32215447 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr10672c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Multifunctional polymer composites with anisotropic properties are attracting interest as they fulfil the growing demand of multitasking materials. In this work, anisotropic polymer composites have been fabricated by combining the layer-by-layer (LBL) filtration method with the alternative assembling of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and hexagonal boron nitride flakes (hBN) on natural rubber latex particles (NR). The layered composites exhibit anisotropic thermal and electrical conductivities, which are tailored through the layer formulations. The best composite consists of four layers of NR modified with 8 phr (parts per Hundred Rubber) CNTs (∼7.4 wt%) and four alternate layers with 12 phr hBN (∼10.7 wt%). The composites exhibit an electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness of 22.41 ± 0.14 dB mm-1 at 10.3 GHz and a thermal conductivity equal to 0.25 W m-1 K-1. Furthermore, when the layered composite is used as an electrical thermal heater the surface reaches a stable temperature of ∼103 °C in approx. 2 min, with an input bias of 2.5 V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhu Zhan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China
| | - Emanuele Lago
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy and Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università degli Studi di Genova, via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genoa, Italy
| | - Chiara Santillo
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, P.le Fermi, 1-80055 Portici, Naples, Italy.
| | | | - Shuai Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Giovanna G Buonocore
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, P.le Fermi, 1-80055 Portici, Naples, Italy.
| | - Zhenming Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Calcium Carbonate Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Hezhou University, Hezhou, 542899, China
| | - Hesheng Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
| | - Marino Lavorgna
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council, P.le Fermi, 1-80055 Portici, Naples, Italy.
| | - Francesco Bonaccorso
- Graphene Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy and BeDimensional S.p.a., Via Albisola 121, Genova 16163, Italy
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Quan L, Zhang H, Wei H, Li Y, Park SO, Hwang DY, Tian Y, Huang M, Wang C, Wang M, Kwak SK, Qin F, Peng HX, Ruoff RS. The Electromagnetic Absorption of a Na-Ethylenediamine Graphite Intercalation Compound. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:16841-16848. [PMID: 32223174 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c02301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A sodium-ethylenediamine graphite intercalation compound (Na(ethylenediamine)C15: "GIC") made from graphite flakes was used to study the microwave absorption performance of a GIC for the first time. Compared with the pristine graphite flakes, the neighboring layers in this GIC are pillared by Na(ethylenediamine)+ and possess a larger layer distance and improved electrical conductivity. Owing to the electrical conductivity of this GIC, only half of the loading content, compared to graphite flakes, is needed to achieve an outstanding absorption of -75.6 dB at 9.25 GHz (10.0 wt % GIC in paraffin in a 4.0 mm thick sample), but for graphite, 20.0 wt % is required for an absorption of -37.6 dB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Quan
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Composites Science Innovation (InCSI), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Hanyang Zhang
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Huijie Wei
- Institute for Composites Science Innovation (InCSI), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yunqing Li
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung O Park
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Yeon Hwang
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Tian
- Institute for Composites Science Innovation (InCSI), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Ming Huang
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Chunhui Wang
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Meihui Wang
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Kyu Kwak
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Faxiang Qin
- Institute for Composites Science Innovation (InCSI), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Hua-Xin Peng
- Institute for Composites Science Innovation (InCSI), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Rodney S Ruoff
- Center for Multidimensional Carbon Materials (CMCM), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, UNIST, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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16
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Goldschmidt K. Smartphone Use in Pediatric Settings. J Pediatr Nurs 2019; 49:101-103. [PMID: 31451294 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2019.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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17
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Fog-Computing-Based Heartbeat Detection and Arrhythmia Classification Using Machine Learning. ALGORITHMS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/a12020032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Designing advanced health monitoring systems is still an active research topic. Wearable and remote monitoring devices enable monitoring of physiological and clinical parameters (heart rate, respiration rate, temperature, etc.) and analysis using cloud-centric machine-learning applications and decision-support systems to predict critical clinical states. This paper moves from a totally cloud-centric concept to a more distributed one, by transferring sensor data processing and analysis tasks to the edges of the network. The resulting solution enables the analysis and interpretation of sensor-data traces within the wearable device to provide actionable alerts without any dependence on cloud services. In this paper, we use a supervised-learning approach to detect heartbeats and classify arrhythmias. The system uses a window-based feature definition that is suitable for execution within an asymmetric multicore embedded processor that provides a dedicated core for hardware assisted pattern matching. We evaluate the performance of the system in comparison with various existing approaches, in terms of achieved accuracy in the detection of abnormal events. The results show that the proposed embedded system achieves a high detection rate that in some cases matches the accuracy of the state-of-the-art algorithms executed in standard processors.
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18
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Improving Sustainable Mobile Health Care Promotion: A Novel Hybrid MCDM Method. SUSTAINABILITY 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/su11030752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Identifying the key influencing factors that affected users’ adoption of sustainable mobile health care and improving alternative mobile health services continuously can help ordinary consumers (especially vulnerable populations) use extensive health resources cheaply and conveniently; which can increase the quality and equity of health services; so as to promote the sustainable development of medical resources. We integrated decision making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMETEL)-based analytic network process (DANP) and a modified VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) method to form a DDANPMV (DEMATEL+ DANP + Modified VIKOR) model to examine consumers’ adoption of mobile health care. This method was developed to not only help decision-makers evaluate alternative mobile health care and determine the best option, but also use to identify and improve the performance gap of alternative products with the goal of satisfying the aspirations of consumers. Four types of mobile health care products were analyzed. The results indicate that social norms; product image; and consumer trust are three key factors in consumer adoption. The results can guide policy design and implementation. The government and enterprises should improve mobile health care through these three aspects.
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Sun Q, Sun L, Cai Y, Ji T, Zhang G. Activated carbon fiber/Fe3O4 composite with enhanced electromagnetic wave absorption properties. RSC Adv 2018; 8:35337-35342. [PMID: 35547086 PMCID: PMC9087303 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra05872e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
To obtain a low-density material that is capable of absorbing electromagnetic waves over a wide bandwidth, an activated carbon fiber/Fe3O4 composite material (ACF/Fe3O4) was prepared using an in situ reduction method. Scanning electron microscopy images show that Fe3O4 nanoparticles, approximately 10–40 nm in size, were spread uniformly over the surface of the ACF. The resulting composite exhibited superparamagnetic behavior at room temperature. The ability of the ACF and ACF/Fe3O4 composite to absorb electromagnetic waves over a frequency range of 8.2–18 GHz was measured using the arch method. The results showed that the maximum reflectivity of an ACF felt was −12.9 dB at 18 GHz, and the effective microwave-absorbing bandwidth (R < −10 dB) was 1.9 GHz (16.10–18 GHz). The absorption performance of the ACF was greatly enhanced by being loaded with Fe3O4 nanoparticles; the maximum reflectivity of the 2 mm layer of the ACF/Fe3O4 composite was −30.07 dB at 16.45 GHz, and the effective bandwidth (R < −10 dB) increased to 8.62 GHz (9.38–18 GHz). Coating with nano-Fe3O4 magnetic particles can effectively improve the absorption of electromagnetic waves by the ACF, and this technique therefore has great potential for application to the field of electromagnetic shielding. To obtain a low-density material that is capable of absorbing electromagnetic waves over a wide bandwidth, an activated carbon fiber/Fe3O4 composite material (ACF/Fe3O4) was prepared using an in situ reduction method.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilong Sun
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technical Fiber Composites for Safety and Protection
- Nantong University
- Nantong 226019
- P. R. China
- College of Textiles and Clothing
| | - Lei Sun
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technical Fiber Composites for Safety and Protection
- Nantong University
- Nantong 226019
- P. R. China
- College of Textiles and Clothing
| | - YingYing Cai
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technical Fiber Composites for Safety and Protection
- Nantong University
- Nantong 226019
- P. R. China
- College of Textiles and Clothing
| | - Tao Ji
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technical Fiber Composites for Safety and Protection
- Nantong University
- Nantong 226019
- P. R. China
- College of Textiles and Clothing
| | - Guangyu Zhang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technical Fiber Composites for Safety and Protection
- Nantong University
- Nantong 226019
- P. R. China
- College of Textiles and Clothing
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Lim GH, Woo S, Lee H, Moon KS, Sohn H, Lee SE, Lim B. Mechanically Robust Magnetic Carbon Nanotube Papers Prepared with CoFe 2O 4 Nanoparticles for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding and Magnetomechanical Actuation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:40628-40637. [PMID: 29094592 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b12147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of inorganic nanoparticles into carbon nanotube (CNT) papers can provide a versatile route to the fabrication of CNT papers with diverse functionalities, but it may lead to a reduction in their mechanical properties. Here, we describe a simple and effective strategy for the fabrication of mechanically robust magnetic CNT papers for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and magnetomechanical actuation applications. The magnetic CNT papers were produced by vacuum filtration of an aqueous suspension of CNTs, CoFe2O4 nanoparticles, and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). PVA plays a critical role in enhancing the mechanical strength of CNT papers. The magnetic CNT papers containing 73 wt % of CoFe2O4 nanoparticles exhibited high mechanical properties with Young's modulus of 3.2 GPa and tensile strength of 30.0 MPa. This magnetic CNT paper was successfully demonstrated as EMI shielding paper with shielding effectiveness of ∼30 dB (99.9%) in 0.5-1.0 GHz, and also as a magnetomechanical actuator in an audible frequency range from 200 to 20 000 Hz.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guh-Hwan Lim
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) , Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Seongwon Woo
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) , Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Hoyoung Lee
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) , Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Kyoung-Seok Moon
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT) , Suwon 16678, Korea
| | - Hiesang Sohn
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT) , Suwon 16678, Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University , Seoul 01897, Korea
| | - Sang-Eui Lee
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT) , Suwon 16678, Korea
| | - Byungkwon Lim
- School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) , Suwon 16419, Korea
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