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Li J, Liu J, Shi W, Guo J. Role and molecular mechanism of Salvia miltiorrhiza associated with chemical compounds in the treatment of diabetes mellitus and its complications: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37844. [PMID: 38640337 PMCID: PMC11029945 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide, greatly impacting patients' quality of life. This article reviews the progress in Salvia miltiorrhiza, an ancient Chinese plant, for the treatment of DM and its associated complications. Extensive studies have been conducted on the chemical composition and pharmacological effects of S miltiorrhiza, including its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. It has demonstrated potential in preventing and treating diabetes and its consequences by improving peripheral nerve function and increasing retinal thickness in diabetic individuals. Moreover, S miltiorrhiza has shown effectiveness when used in conjunction with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), and statins. The safety and tolerability of S miltiorrhiza have also been thoroughly investigated. Despite the established benefits of managing DM and its complications, further research is needed to determine appropriate usage, dosage, long-term health benefits, and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajie Li
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Jinxing Liu
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Weibing Shi
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Jinchen Guo
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
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Li X, Xu M, Zhou K, Hao S, Li L, Wang L, Zhou W, Kai G. SmEIL1 transcription factor inhibits tanshinone accumulation in response to ethylene signaling in Salvia miltiorrhiza. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1356922. [PMID: 38628367 PMCID: PMC11018959 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1356922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Among the bioactive compounds, lipid-soluble tanshinone is present in Salvia miltiorrhiza, a medicinal plant species. While it is known that ethephon has the ability to inhibit the tanshinones biosynthesis in the S. miltiorrhiza hairy root, however the underlying regulatory mechanism remains obscure. In this study, using the transcriptome dataset of the S. miltiorrhiza hairy root induced by ethephon, an ethylene-responsive transcriptional factor EIN3-like 1 (SmEIL1) was identified. The SmEIL1 protein was found to be localized in the nuclei, and confirmed by the transient transformation observed in tobacco leaves. The overexpression of SmEIL1 was able to inhibit the tanshinones accumulation to a large degree, as well as down-regulate tanshinones biosynthetic genes including SmGGPPS1, SmHMGR1, SmHMGS1, SmCPS1, SmKSL1 and SmCYP76AH1. These are well recognized participants in the tanshinones biosynthesis pathway. Further investigation on the SmEIL1 was observed to inhibit the transcription of the CPS1 gene by the Dual-Luciferase (Dual-LUC) and yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) assays. The data in this work will be of value regarding the involvement of EILs in regulating the biosynthesis of tanshinones and lay the foundation for the metabolic engineering of bioactive ingredients in S. miltiorrhiza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujuan Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource Innovation and Transformation, Zhejiang Provincial International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Plants and Health, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Man Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource Innovation and Transformation, Zhejiang Provincial International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Plants and Health, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ke Zhou
- Dermatology department, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Siyu Hao
- Zhejiang Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource Innovation and Transformation, Zhejiang Provincial International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Plants and Health, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liqin Li
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for the Development and Clinical Transformation of Immunomodulatory Traditional Chinese Medicine in Zhejiang Province, Huzhou Central Hospital, The Fifth School of Clinical Medicine of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Leran Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Zhejiang Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource Innovation and Transformation, Zhejiang Provincial International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Plants and Health, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guoyin Kai
- Zhejiang Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource Innovation and Transformation, Zhejiang Provincial International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Active Ingredients of Medicinal and Edible Plants and Health, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Lv X, Zhang W, Chu S, Zhang H, Wu Y, Zhu Y, Yang D, Zhu Y, Mans DRA, Chen H, Liang Z. Endophytic fungus Penicillium steckii DF33 promoted tanshinones biosynthesis in Salvia miltiorrhiza by regulating the expression of CYP450 genes. Gene 2024; 899:148094. [PMID: 38142897 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.148094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Salvia miltiorrhiza, a prominent traditional Chinese medicinal resource, has been extensively employed in the management of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular ailments. Ensuring the consistency of S. miltiorrhiza raw materials revolves around the imperative task of maintaining stable tanshinones content and composition. An effective approach in this regard involves the utilization of endophytic fungi as inducers. Within this context, our study spotlights an endophytic fungus, Penicillium steckii DF33, isolated from the roots of S. miltiorrhiza. Remarkably, this fungus has demonstrated a significant capacity to boost the biosynthesis and accumulation of tanshinones. The primary objective of this investigation is to elucidate the underlying regulatory mechanism by which DF33 enhances and regulates the biosynthesis and accumulation of tanshinones. This is achieved through its influence on the differential expression of crucial CYP450 genes within the S. miltiorrhiza hairy roots system. The results revealed that the DF33 elicitor not only promotes the growth of hairy roots but also enhances the accumulation of tanshinones. Notably, the content of cryptotanshinone was reached 1.6452 ± 0.0925 mg g-1, a fourfold increase compared to the control group. Our qRT-PCR results further demonstrate that the DF33 elicitor significantly up-regulates the expression of most key enzyme genes (GGPPS, CPS1, KSL1, CYP76AH1, CYP76AH3, CYP76AK1, CYP71D411) involved in the tanshinone biosynthesis pathway. This effect is particularly pronounced in certain critical CYP450 genes and Tanshinone ⅡA synthase (SmTⅡAS), with their expression levels peaking at 7 days or 14 days, respectively. In summary, endophytic P. steckii DF33 primarily enhances tanshinone biosynthesis by elevating the expression levels of pivotal enzyme genes associated with the modification and transformation stages within the tanshinone biosynthesis pathway. These findings underscore the potential of employing plant probiotics, specifically endophytic and root-associated microbes, to facilitate the biosynthesis and transformation of vital constituents in medicinal plants, and this approach holds promise for enhancing the quality of traditional Chinese medicinal materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoman Lv
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Siyuan Chu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haihua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yongqun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yun Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dongfeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yonghong Zhu
- Tianjin Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300410, China
| | - Dennis R A Mans
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Anton de Kom University of Suriname, Paramaribo 9212, Suriname
| | - Haimin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zongsuo Liang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China.
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Qin Y, Li J, Chen J, Yao S, Li L, Huang R, Tan Y, Ming R, Huang D. Genome-wide characterization of the bHLH gene family in Gynostemma pentaphyllum reveals its potential role in the regulation of gypenoside biosynthesis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:205. [PMID: 38509465 PMCID: PMC10953245 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04879-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gynostemma pentaphyllum, an ancient Chinese herbal medicine, serves as a natural source of gypenosides with significant medicinal properties. Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors play pivotal roles in numerous biological processes, especially in the regulation of secondary metabolism in plants. However, the characteristics and functions of the bHLH genes in G. pentaphyllum remain unexplored, and their regulatory role in gypenoside biosynthesis remains poorly elucidated. RESULTS This study identified a total of 111 bHLH members in G. pentaphyllum (GpbHLHs), categorizing them into 26 subgroups based on shared conserved motif compositions and gene structures. Collinearity analysis illustrated that segmental duplications predominately lead to the evolution of GpbHLHs, with most duplicated GpbHLH gene pairs undergoing purifying selection. Among the nine gypenoside-related GpbHLH genes, two GpbHLHs (GpbHLH15 and GpbHLH58) were selected for further investigation based on co-expression analysis and functional prediction. The expression of these two selected GpbHLHs was dramatically induced by methyl jasmonate, and their nuclear localization was confirmed. Furthermore, yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase assays demonstrated that GpbHLH15 and GpbHLH58 could bind to the promoters of the gypenoside biosynthesis pathway genes, such as GpFPS1, GpSS1, and GpOSC1, and activate their promoter activity to varying degrees. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our findings provide a detailed analysis of the bHLH family and valuable insights into the potential use of GpbHLHs to enhance the accumulation of gypenosides in G. pentaphyllum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Qin
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Jinmei Li
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Jianhua Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Shaochang Yao
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Liangbo Li
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Rongshao Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Yong Tan
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China
| | - Ruhong Ming
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China.
| | - Ding Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Zhuang and Yao Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, 530200, China.
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Jiang YL, Xun Y. Molecular Mechanism of Salvia miltiorrhiza in the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Technology. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:425-441. [PMID: 38370566 PMCID: PMC10873149 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s443102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to investigate the effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza on colorectal cancer, as well as the mechanisms involved. Methods The active compounds of Salvia miltiorrhiza and the associated genes in colorectal cancer were sourced from publicly available databases. Targets associated with colorectal cancer were identified by searching the GeneCards and OMIM databases. Subsequently, the Cytoscape 3.6.0 software was employed to create a regulatory network that illustrates the relationships among active ingredients, colorectal cancer, and their corresponding targets. The String database was utilized to generate a PPI network. Molecular docking studies, conducted with AutoDock Vina, verified the binding capabilities of these active components to core targets. The findings from network pharmacology analysis were corroborated through in vitro experiments. Results In this study, we identified 39 active components derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza that are predicted to target 544 genes associated with colorectal cancer through network pharmacology. Through a combined analysis of network pharmacology, we isolated three key targets: SRC, IL6, and INS. Molecular docking results convincingly demonstrated Salvia miltiorrhiza's strong binding affinity to these targets. Additionally, in vitro experiments confirmed that Salvia miltiorrhiza effectively inhibited the progression of colorectal cancer via regulating the INS/SRC/IL6 pathway. Conclusion Salvia miltiorrhiza emerges as a compelling herbal intervention for colorectal cancer. This study lays the foundation for potential future clinical trials assessing the efficacy of Salvia miltiorrhiza in the management of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ling Jiang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Xun
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
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Hu Y, Zhao H, Xue L, Nie N, Zhang H, Zhao N, He S, Liu Q, Gao S, Zhai H. IbMYC2 Contributes to Salt and Drought Stress Tolerance via Modulating Anthocyanin Accumulation and ROS-Scavenging System in Sweet Potato. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2096. [PMID: 38396773 PMCID: PMC10889443 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors extensively affect various physiological processes in plant metabolism, growth, and abiotic stress. However, the regulation mechanism of bHLH transcription factors in balancing anthocyanin biosynthesis and abiotic stress in sweet potato (Ipomoea batata (L.) Lam.) remains unclear. Previously, transcriptome analysis revealed the genes that were differentially expressed among the purple-fleshed sweet potato cultivar 'Jingshu 6' and its anthocyanin-rich mutant 'JS6-5'. Here, we selected one of these potential genes, IbMYC2, which belongs to the bHLH transcription factor family, for subsequent analyses. The expression of IbMYC2 in the JS6-5 storage roots is almost four-fold higher than Jingshu 6 and significantly induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), methyl jasmonate (MeJA), NaCl, and polyethylene glycol (PEG)6000. Overexpression of IbMYC2 significantly enhances anthocyanin production and exhibits a certain antioxidant capacity, thereby improving salt and drought tolerance. In contrast, reducing IbMYC2 expression increases its susceptibility. Our data showed that IbMYC2 could elevate the expression of anthocyanin synthesis pathway genes by binding to IbCHI and IbDFR promoters. Additionally, overexpressing IbMYC2 activates genes encoding reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging and proline synthesis enzymes under salt and drought conditions. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the IbMYC2 gene exercises a significant impact on crop quality and stress resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shaopei Gao
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.H.); (H.Z.); (L.X.); (N.N.); (H.Z.); (N.Z.); (S.H.); (Q.L.)
| | - Hong Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Sweet Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement/Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.H.); (H.Z.); (L.X.); (N.N.); (H.Z.); (N.Z.); (S.H.); (Q.L.)
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Ai Q, Han M, Liu C, Yang L. Transcriptome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of bHLH Family Genes in Iris domestica under Drought and Cu Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1773. [PMID: 38339051 PMCID: PMC10855607 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The role of bHLH transcription factors in plant response to abiotic stress and regulation of flavonoid metabolism is well documented. However, to date, the bHLH transcription factor family in Iris domestica remains unreported, impeding further research on flavonoid metabolism in this plant. To address this knowledge gap, we employed bioinformatics to identify 39 IdbHLH genes and characterised their phylogenetic relationships and gene expression patterns under both drought and copper stress conditions. Our evolutionary tree analysis classified the 39 IdbHLHs into 17 subfamilies. Expression pattern analysis revealed that different IdbHLH transcription factors had distinct expression trends in various organs, suggesting that they might be involved in diverse biological processes. We found that IdbHLH36 was highly expressed in all organs (Transcripts Per Million (TPM) > 10), while only 12 IdbHLH genes in the rhizome and four in the root were significantly upregulated under drought stress. Of these, four genes (IdbHLH05, -37, -38, -39) were co-upregulated in both the rhizome and root, indicating their potential role in drought resistance. With regards to copper stress, we found that only 12 genes were upregulated. Further co-expression analysis revealed that most bHLH genes were significantly correlated with key enzyme genes involved in isoflavone biosynthesis. Thereinto, IdbHLH06 showed a significant positive correlation with IdC4H1 and Id4CL1 (p < 0.05). Furthermore, a transient expression assay confirmed that the IdbHLH06 protein was localised in the nucleus. Our findings provide new insights into the molecular basis and regulatory mechanisms of bHLH transcription factors in isoflavone biosynthesis in I. domestica.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mei Han
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Cuijing Liu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
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Yang F, Ma N, Li S, Chen F, Huang X, Zhao L, Cao L. Tanshinone IIA Alleviates Early Brain Injury after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rats by Inhibiting the Activation of NF-κB/NLRP3 Inflammasome. Biol Pharm Bull 2024; 47:279-291. [PMID: 38057100 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The abnormal activation of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)/nod-like receptor family-pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) signaling pathway is closely related to early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Targeting the NLRP3-inflammasome has been considered an efficient therapy for the local inflammatory response after SAH. Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA), a major component extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza, has been reported to have anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of Tan IIA on early brain injury after SAH. In vivo SAH injury was established by endovascular perforation technique in Sprague-Dawley rats. Limb-placement test and corner turning test were used to measure the behavior. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining, hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining, and immunofluorescence were used to evaluate the nerve damage. Real-time RT quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to quantify the levels of inflammatory factors. Western blot was performed for the activation of the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway. An in vitro SAH model was used to validate the conclusion. We found that the neurobehavioral impairment and cerebral edema in SAH model rats given Tan IIA were alleviated. Further study demonstrated that Tan IIA could inhibit SAH-secondary neuronal apoptosis around hematoma and alleviate brain injury. Tan IIA down-regulated the expression of interleukin-6 (IL)-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and inhibited the activation of NF-κB. And the overexpression of pro-inflammatory factors NLRP3, IL-1β, and IL-18 induced after SAH was also reversed by Tan IIA. In conclusions, Tan IIA could inhibit the NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome activation to protect and ameliorate SAH-followed early brain injury, and may be a preventive and therapeutic strategy against SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanhui Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College
| | - Ningshuai Ma
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College
| | - Suping Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College
| | - Xiaohong Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College
- Institute of Neurological Diseases, North Sichuan Medical College
| | - Lingzhi Cao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College
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Li C, Gong Q, Liu P, Xu Z, Yu Q, Dai H, Shi Y, Si J, Zhang X, Chen D, Han Z. Co-expressed network analysis based on 289 transcriptome samples reveals methyl jasmonate-mediated gene regulatory mechanism of flavonoid compounds in Dendrobium catenatum. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 206:108226. [PMID: 38039587 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are momentous bioactive ingredients in orchid plant Dendrobium catenatum (D. catenatum), which are bioactive compounds with great medical and commercial potential. However, the accurate dissection of flavonoids profiling and their accumulation mechanism are largely unknown. In this study, methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment was used to investigate the change of flavonoids content and transcripts in two D. catenatum clones (A6 and B1). We identified 40 flavonoids using liquid chromatograph mass spectrometer (LC-MS). By weighted gene co-expressed network analysis (WGCNA) of flavonoids content and transcript expression of MeJA-treated samples, 37 hub genes were identified. Among them, DcCHIL, DcFLS, and DcDFR were highly correlation with two key transcription factors DcWRKY3/4 by correlation analysis of large-scale transcriptome data and above hub genes expression. Furthermore, transient overexpression of DcWRKY3/4 in tobacco leaves significantly increased the content of flavonoids. This study identified flavonoid profiling and built a new approach to mine regulatory mechanism of flavonoids in D. catenatum. These valuable flavonoids and gene resources will be key for understanding and harnessing natural flavonoids products in pharmaceuticals and foods industry of D. catenatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, PR China.
| | - Qiqi Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, PR China.
| | - Pei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, PR China.
| | - Zhanwei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, PR China.
| | - Qiaoxian Yu
- Zhejiang Senyu Co., Ltd., Yiwu, Zhejiang, 322000, PR China.
| | - Hanjun Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, PR China.
| | - Yan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, PR China.
| | - Jinping Si
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, PR China.
| | - Xinfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, PR China.
| | - Donghong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, PR China.
| | - Zhigang Han
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, PR China.
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Ren H, Xu D, Xiao W, Zhou X, Li G, Zou J, Zhang H, Zhang Z, Zhang J, Zheng Y. Chromosome-level genome assembly and annotation of Zicaitai (Brassica rapa var. purpuraria). Sci Data 2023; 10:759. [PMID: 37923891 PMCID: PMC10624672 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-023-02668-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Zicaitai is a seasonal vegetable known for its high anthocyanin content in both stalks and leaves, yet its reference genome has not been published to date. Here, we generated the first chromosome-level genome assembly of Zicaitai using a combination of PacBio long-reads, Illumina short-reads, and Hi-C sequencing techniques. The final genome length is 474.12 Mb with a scaffold N50 length of 43.82 Mb, a BUSCO score of 99.30% and the LAI score of 10.14. Repetitive elements accounted for 60.89% (288.72 Mb) of the genome, and Hi-C data enabled the allocation of 430.87 Mb of genome sequences to ten pseudochromosomes. A total of 42,051 protein-coding genes were successfully predicted using multiple methods, of which 99.74% were functionally annotated. Notably, comparing the genome of Zicaitai with seven other species in the Cruciferae family revealed strong conservation in terms of gene numbers and structures. Overall, the high-quality genome assembly provides a critical resource for studying the genetic basis of important agronomic traits in Zicaitai.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Ren
- Guangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510308, China
- Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Donglin Xu
- Guangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510308, China
| | - Wanyu Xiao
- Guangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510308, China
| | - Xianyu Zhou
- Guangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510308, China
| | - Guangguang Li
- Guangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510308, China
| | - Jiwen Zou
- Guangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510308, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Guangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510308, China.
| | - Zhibin Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China.
- Zhengzhou Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- Guangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510308, China.
| | - Yansong Zheng
- Guangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510308, China.
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11
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Gao J, Dou Y, Wang X, Zhang D, Wei M, Li Y. Transcriptome analysis reveals the mechanism for blue-light-induced biosynthesis of delphinidin derivatives in harvested purple pepper fruit. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1289120. [PMID: 37965026 PMCID: PMC10640979 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1289120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanins are the main pigments that affect the color and quality of purple-fruited sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum). Our previous study indicated that blue light can induce anthocyanin accumulation in purple pepper. In view of its underlying mechanism that is unclear, here, anthocyanin content was determined, and transcriptome analysis was performed on pepper fruits harvested from different light treatments. As a result, among the identified anthocyanin metabolites, the levels of delphinidin (Dp) glycosides, including Dp-3-O-rhamnoside, Dp-3-O-rutinoside, and Dp-3-O-glucoside, were highly accumulated in blue-light-treated fruit, which are mainly responsible for the appearance color of purple pepper. Correlation between anthocyanin content and transcriptomic analysis indicated a total of 1,619 upregulated genes were found, of which six structural and 12 transcription factor (TF) genes were involved in the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway. Structural gene, for instance, CaUFGT as well as TFs such as CaMYC2-like and CaERF113, which were highly expressed under blue light and presented similar expression patterns consistent with Dp glycoside accumulation, may be candidate genes for anthocyanin synthesis in response to blue-light signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Gao
- College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Yuwei Dou
- College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Dalong Zhang
- College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Environment Controlled Agricultural Engineering in Huang-Huai-Hai Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Min Wei
- College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Environment Controlled Agricultural Engineering in Huang-Huai-Hai Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Tai’an, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Horticultural Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, China
- Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Environment Controlled Agricultural Engineering in Huang-Huai-Hai Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Tai’an, Shandong, China
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12
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Chen J, Wang Y, Di P, Wu Y, Qiu S, Lv Z, Qiao Y, Li Y, Tan J, Chen W, Yu M, Wei P, Xiao Y, Chen W. Phenotyping of Salvia miltiorrhiza Roots Reveals Associations between Root Traits and Bioactive Components. PLANT PHENOMICS (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2023; 5:0098. [PMID: 37791248 PMCID: PMC10545446 DOI: 10.34133/plantphenomics.0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Plant phenomics aims to perform high-throughput, rapid, and accurate measurement of plant traits, facilitating the identification of desirable traits and optimal genotypes for crop breeding. Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen) roots possess remarkable therapeutic effect on cardiovascular diseases, with huge market demands. Although great advances have been made in metabolic studies of the bioactive metabolites, investigation for S. miltiorrhiza roots on other physiological aspects is poor. Here, we developed a framework that utilizes image feature extraction software for in-depth phenotyping of S. miltiorrhiza roots. By employing multiple software programs, S. miltiorrhiza roots were described from 3 aspects: agronomic traits, anatomy traits, and root system architecture. Through K-means clustering based on the diameter ranges of each root branch, all roots were categorized into 3 groups, with primary root-associated key traits. As a proof of concept, we examined the phenotypic components in a series of randomly collected S. miltiorrhiza roots, demonstrating that the total surface of root was the best parameter for the biomass prediction with high linear regression correlation (R2 = 0.8312), which was sufficient for subsequently estimating the production of bioactive metabolites without content determination. This study provides an important approach for further grading of medicinal materials and breeding practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Chen
- The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources & Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica,
Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yun Wang
- School of Medicine,
Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Peng Di
- State Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ginseng Breeding and Application,
Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yulong Wu
- School of Computer Science,
Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Shi Qiu
- The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources & Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica,
Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zongyou Lv
- The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources & Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica,
Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yuqi Qiao
- The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources & Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica,
Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yajing Li
- The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources & Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica,
Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jingfu Tan
- Shangyao Huayu (Linyi) Traditional Chinese Resources Co., Ltd., Linyi 276000, China
| | - Weixu Chen
- Shangyao Huayu (Linyi) Traditional Chinese Resources Co., Ltd., Linyi 276000, China
| | - Ma Yu
- School of Life Science and Engineering,
Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, China
| | - Ping Wei
- Sichuan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources & Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica,
Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wansheng Chen
- The SATCM Key Laboratory for New Resources & Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica,
Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital,
Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
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13
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Li Q, Wang G, Zhang L, Zhu S. AcbHLH144 transcription factor negatively regulates phenolic biosynthesis to modulate pineapple internal browning. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad185. [PMID: 37899952 PMCID: PMC10611554 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Internal browning (IB), a major physiological disorder of pineapples, usually happens in postharvest processes, but the underlying mechanism remains elusive. The bHLH transcription factors are involved in regulating various biological processes, but whether they could regulate tissue browning in fruit during storage remains unknown. Here we showed that the phenolic biosynthesis pathway was activated in pineapples showing IB following 9 days of storage. AcbHLH144 expression was the highest of the 180 transcription factors identified, downregulated in pineapple with IB, and negatively correlated with the major phenolic biosynthetic genes. AcbHLH144 was shown to be localized in the nucleus and its transient overexpression in pineapples and overexpression in Arabidopsis decreased phenolic biosynthesis. The yeast one-hybrid assay and electrophoretic mobility shift assay showed that AcbHLH144 directly bound to the Ac4CL5 promoter and the dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that it inactivated Ac4CL5 transcription. These results strongly suggest AcbHLH144 as a repressor for phenolic biosynthesis. Abscisic acid (ABA) alleviated IB, reduced phenolic accumulation, and downregulated phenolic biosynthetic genes, including Ac4CL5. Transcriptomic analysis showed that AcbHLH144 was the most upregulated of all 39 bHLHs in response to ABA. ABA enhanced AcbHLH144 expression, reduced phenolic contents, and downregulated phenolic biosynthetic genes in pineapples transiently overexpressing AcbHLH144. Moreover, ABA enhanced enzyme activity of GUS driven by the AcbHLH144 promoter. These results showed that AcbHLH144 as a repressor for phenolic biosynthesis could be activated by ABA. Collectively, the work demonstrated that AcbHLH144 negatively regulated phenolic biosynthesis via inactivating Ac4CL5 transcription to modulate pineapple IB. The findings provide novel insight into the role of AcbHLH144 in modulating pineapple IB during postharvest processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Fruit and Vegetables, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Guang Wang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Fruit and Vegetables, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Fruit and Vegetables, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shijiang Zhu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Fruit and Vegetables, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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14
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Zhang Z, Qu P, Hao S, Li R, Zhang Y, Zhao Q, Wen P, Cheng C. Characterization and Functional Analysis of Chalcone Synthase Genes in Highbush Blueberry ( Vaccinium corymbosum). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13882. [PMID: 37762185 PMCID: PMC10530253 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chalcone synthase (CHS) is the first key enzyme-catalyzing plant flavonoid biosynthesis. Until now, however, the blueberry CHS gene family has not been systematically characterized and studied. In this study, we identified 22 CHS genes that could be further classified into four subfamilies from the highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) genome. This classification was well supported by the high nucleotide and protein sequence similarities and similar gene structure and conserved motifs among VcCHS members from the same subfamily. Gene duplication analysis revealed that the expansion of the blueberry CHS gene family was mainly caused by segmental duplications. Promoter analysis revealed that the promoter regions of VcCHSs contained numerous cis-acting elements responsive to light, phytohormone and stress, along with binding sites for 36 different types of transcription factors. Gene expression analysis revealed that Subfamily I VcCHSs highly expressed in fruits at late ripening stages. Through transient overexpression, we found that three VcCHSs (VcCHS13 from subfamily II; VcCHS8 and VcCHS21 from subfamily I) could significantly enhance the anthocyanin accumulation and up-regulate the expression of flavonoid biosynthetic structural genes in blueberry leaves and apple fruits. Notably, the promoting effect of the Subfamily I member VcCHS21 was the best. The promoter of VcCHS21 contains a G-box (CACGTG) and an E-box sequence, as well as a bHLH binding site. A yeast one hybridization (Y1H) assay revealed that three anthocyanin biosynthesis regulatory bHLHs (VcAN1, VcbHLH1-1 and VcbHLH1-2) could specifically bind to the G-box sequence (CACGTG) in the VcCHS21 promoter, indicating that the expression of VcCHS21 was regulated by bHLHs. Our study will be helpful for understanding the characteristics and functions of blueberry CHSs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Pengfei Wen
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Chunzhen Cheng
- College of Horticulture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
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15
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Geng D, Wang R, Zhang Y, Lu H, Dong H, Liu W, Guo L, Wang X. A 13-LOX participates in the biosynthesis of JAs and is related to the accumulation of baicalein and wogonin in Scutellaria baicalensis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1204616. [PMID: 37521913 PMCID: PMC10373884 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1204616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Although baicalein and wogonin contents in Scutellaria baicalensis, a traditional Chinese herb, are known to be regulated by jasmonic acid, the exact mechanism by which jasmonic acid regulates the accumulation of baicalein and wogonin remains unclear. In this study, we discovered SbLOX3, a gene encoding 13-lipoxygenase from the roots of S. baicalensis, which plays an important role in the biosynthesis of jasmonic acid. The contents of methyl jasmonate, baicalin, wogonin, and three metabolic intermediates of methyl jasmonate, 13-HPOT, OPDA, and OPC-8, were downregulated in the hair roots of the SbLOX3 RNAi lines. We confirmed that SbLOX3 was induced by drought stress simulated by PEG and Fusarium oxysporum, which subsequently led to changes in the content of MeJA, baicalin, and wogonin. Taken together, our results indicate that a 13-LOX is involved in the biosynthesis of jasmonic acid, and regulates the accumulation of baicalein and wogonin in S. baicalensis roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dali Geng
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Rongyu Wang
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Hongjitang Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Jinan, China
| | - Heng Lu
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Hongjing Dong
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Lanping Guo
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
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16
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Zhao Y, Liu G, Yang F, Liang Y, Gao Q, Xiang C, Li X, Yang R, Zhang G, Jiang H, Yu L, Yang S. Multilayered regulation of secondary metabolism in medicinal plants. MOLECULAR HORTICULTURE 2023; 3:11. [PMID: 37789448 PMCID: PMC10514987 DOI: 10.1186/s43897-023-00059-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal plants represent a huge reservoir of secondary metabolites (SMs), substances with significant pharmaceutical and industrial potential. However, obtaining secondary metabolites remains a challenge due to their low-yield accumulation in medicinal plants; moreover, these secondary metabolites are produced through tightly coordinated pathways involving many spatiotemporally and environmentally regulated steps. The first regulatory layer involves a complex network of transcription factors; a second, more recently discovered layer of complexity in the regulation of SMs is epigenetic modification, such as DNA methylation, histone modification and small RNA-based mechanisms, which can jointly or separately influence secondary metabolites by regulating gene expression. Here, we summarize the findings in the fields of genetic and epigenetic regulation with a special emphasis on SMs in medicinal plants, providing a new perspective on the multiple layers of regulation of gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201, Kunming, China
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Guanze Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201, Kunming, China
| | - Feng Yang
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yanli Liang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201, Kunming, China
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Qingqing Gao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201, Kunming, China
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Chunfan Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201, Kunming, China
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Xia Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201, Kunming, China
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Run Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201, Kunming, China
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Guanghui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201, Kunming, China
- College of Agronomy & Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Huifeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.
| | - Lei Yu
- College of Agronomy, Yunnan Urban Agricultural Engineering and Technological Research Center, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, China.
| | - Shengchao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, 650201, Kunming, China.
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17
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He X, Zhang W, Sabir IA, Jiao C, Li G, Wang Y, Zhu F, Dai J, Liu L, Chen C, Zhang Y, Song C. The spatiotemporal profile of Dendrobium huoshanense and functional identification of bHLH genes under exogenous MeJA using comparative transcriptomics and genomics. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1169386. [PMID: 37235024 PMCID: PMC10206334 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1169386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Alkaloids are one of the main medicinal components of Dendrobium species. Dendrobium alkaloids are mainly composed of terpene alkaloids. Jasmonic acid (JA) induce the biosynthesis of such alkaloids, mainly by enhancing the expression of JA-responsive genes to increase plant resistance and increase the content of alkaloids. Many JA-responsive genes are the target genes of bHLH transcription factors (TFs), especially the MYC2 transcription factor. Methods In this study, the differentially expressed genes involved in the JA signaling pathway were screened out from Dendrobium huoshanense using comparative transcriptomics approaches, revealing the critical roles of basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) family, particularly the MYC2 subfamily. Results and discussion Microsynteny-based comparative genomics demonstrated that whole genome duplication (WGD) and segmental duplication events drove bHLH genes expansion and functional divergence. Tandem duplication accelerated the generation of bHLH paralogs. Multiple sequence alignments showed that all bHLH proteins included bHLH-zip and ACT-like conserved domains. The MYC2 subfamily had a typical bHLH-MYC_N domain. The phylogenetic tree revealed the classification and putative roles of bHLHs. The analysis of cis-acting elements revealed that promoter of the majority of bHLH genes contain multiple regulatory elements relevant to light response, hormone responses, and abiotic stresses, and the bHLH genes could be activated by binding these elements. The expression profiling and qRT-PCR results indicated that bHLH subgroups IIIe and IIId may have an antagonistic role in JA-mediated expression of stress-related genes. DhbHLH20 and DhbHLH21 were considered to be the positive regulators in the early response of JA signaling, while DhbHLH24 and DhbHLH25 might be the negative regulators. Our findings may provide a practical reference for the functional study of DhbHLH genes and the regulation of secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei He
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Anhui Engineering Research Center for Eco-agriculture of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu’an, China
| | - Wenwu Zhang
- School of Life Science, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Irfan Ali Sabir
- Department of Plant Science, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunyan Jiao
- College of Life Sciences, Hefei Normal University, Hefei, China
| | - Guohui Li
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Anhui Engineering Research Center for Eco-agriculture of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu’an, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Anhui Engineering Research Center for Eco-agriculture of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu’an, China
| | - Fucheng Zhu
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Anhui Engineering Research Center for Eco-agriculture of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu’an, China
| | - Jun Dai
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Anhui Engineering Research Center for Eco-agriculture of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu’an, China
| | - Longyun Liu
- School of Bioengineering, Hefei Technology College, Hefei, China
| | - Cunwu Chen
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Anhui Engineering Research Center for Eco-agriculture of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu’an, China
| | - Yingyu Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Rare Diseases, Endocrinology and Metabolism Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, and College of Clinical Medicine of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Cheng Song
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, Anhui Engineering Research Center for Eco-agriculture of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu’an, China
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18
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Ding M, Zhang B, Zhang S, Hao R, Xia Y, Ma P, Dong J. The SmNPR4-SmTGA5 module regulates SA-mediated phenolic acid biosynthesis in Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy roots. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad066. [PMID: 37249952 PMCID: PMC10208894 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic acids are the main bioactive compounds in Salvia miltiorrhiza, which can be increased by salicylic acid (SA) elicitation. However, the specific molecular mechanism remains unclear. The nonexpresser of PR genes 1 (NPR1) and its family members are essential components of the SA signaling pathway. Here, we report an NPR protein, SmNPR4, that showed strong expression in hairy root after SA treatment, acting as a negative moderator of SA-induced phenolic acid biosynthesis in S. miltiorrhiza (S. miltiorrhiza). Moreover, a basic leucine zipper family transcription factor SmTGA5 was identified and was found to interact with SmNPR4. SmTGA5 activates the expression of phenolic acid biosynthesis gene SmTAT1 through binding to the as-1 element. Finally, a series of biochemical assays and dual gene overexpression analysis demonstrated that the SmNPR4 significantly inhibited the function of SmTGA5, and SA can alleviate the inhibitory effect of SmNPR4 on SmTGA5. Overall, our results reveal the molecular mechanism of salicylic acid regulating phenolic acid biosynthesis in S. miltiorrhiza and provide new insights for SA signaling to regulate secondary metabolic biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Ding
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - RongRong Hao
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yu Xia
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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19
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Liu S, Gao X, Shi M, Sun M, Li K, Cai Y, Chen C, Wang C, Maoz I, Guo X, Kai G. Jasmonic acid regulates the biosynthesis of medicinal metabolites via the JAZ9-MYB76 complex in Salvia miltiorrhiza. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad004. [PMID: 36938574 PMCID: PMC10022484 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway plays an important role in tanshinone and phenolic acid biosynthesis in Salvia miltiorrhiza. However, the specific regulatory mechanism remains largely unclear. Previous work showed that a JASMONATE ZIM-domain (JAZ) protein, SmJAZ9, acted as a repressor of tanshinone production in S. miltiorrhiza. In this study, we revealed that SmJAZ9 reduced both phenolic acid accumulation and related biosynthetic gene expression, confirming that SmJAZ9 also negatively affected phenolic acid biosynthesis. Then, we identified a novel MYB transcription factor, SmMYB76, which interacted with SmJAZ9. SmMYB76 repressed phenolic acid biosynthesis by directly downregulating SmPAL1, Sm4CL2, and SmRAS1. Further investigation demonstrated that JA mediated phenolic acids biosynthesis via SmJAZ9-SmMYB76 complex. Taken together, these findings state the molecular mechanism that SmJAZ9-SmMYB76 regulated phenolic acid biosynthesis at the transcriptional and protein levels, which provided new insights into JA signaling pathway regulating plant metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Min Shi
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinhua Academy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Meihong Sun
- Institute of Plant Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Kunlun Li
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinhua Academy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Yan Cai
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinhua Academy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Chengan Chen
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinhua Academy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Can Wang
- Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinhua Academy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China
| | - Itay Maoz
- Department of Postharvest Science, ARO, The Volcani Center, HaMaccabim Rd 68, POB 15159, Rishon LeZion, 7528809, Israel
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20
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Mitra S, Anand U, Ghorai M, Kant N, Kumar M, Radha, Jha NK, Swamy MK, Proćków J, de la Lastra JMP, Dey A. Genome editing technologies, mechanisms and improved production of therapeutic phytochemicals: Opportunities and prospects. Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:82-94. [PMID: 36224758 PMCID: PMC10091730 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Plants produce a large number of secondary metabolites, known as phytometabolites that may be employed as medicines, dyes, poisons, and insecticides in the field of medicine, agriculture, and industrial use, respectively. The rise of genome management approaches has promised a factual revolution in genetic engineering. Targeted genome editing in living entities permits the understanding of the biological systems very clearly, and also sanctions to address a wide-ranging objective in the direction of improving features of plant and their yields. The last few years have introduced a number of unique genome editing systems, including transcription activator-like effector nucleases, zinc finger nucleases, and miRNA-regulated clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/Cas9 (CRISPR/Cas9). Genome editing systems have helped in the transformation of metabolic engineering, allowing researchers to modify biosynthetic pathways of different secondary metabolites. Given the growing relevance of editing genomes in plant research, the exciting novel methods are briefly reviewed in this chapter. Also, this chapter highlights recent discoveries on the CRISPR-based modification of natural products in different medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicon Mitra
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Mimosa Ghorai
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Nishi Kant
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Radha
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Niraj K Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India.,Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Mallappa K Swamy
- Department of Biotechnology, East West First Grade College of Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Jarosław Proćków
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - José M Pérez de la Lastra
- Biotechnology of Macromolecules Research Group, Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, (IPNA-CSIC), San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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21
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Zhu L, Wen J, Ma Q, Yan K, Du Y, Chen Z, Lu X, Ren J, Wang Y, Li S, Li Q. Transcriptome profiling provides insights into leaf color changes in two Acer palmatum genotypes. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:589. [PMID: 36526968 PMCID: PMC9756493 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03979-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ornamental trees with seasonally-dependent leaf color, such as Acer palmatum, have gained worldwide popularity. Leaf color is a main determinant of the ornamental and economic value of A. palmatum. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for leaf color changes remain unclear. RESULTS We chose A. palmatum cultivars with yellow ('Jinling Huangfeng') and red ('Jinling Danfeng') leaves as the ideal material for studying the complex metabolic networks responsible for variations in leaf coloration. The 24 libraries obtained from four different time points in the growth of 'Jinling Huangfeng' and 'Jinling Danfeng' was subjected to Illumina high-throughput sequencing. We observed that the difference in cyanidin and delphinidin content is the primary reason behind the varying coloration of the leaves. Transcriptomic analyses revealed 225,684 unigenes, and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) confirmed that they were involved in 'anthocyanin biosynthesis.' Eighteen structural genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis were thought to be related to anthocyanin accumulation, whereas 46 MYBs, 33 basic helix-loop-helixs (bHLHs), and 29 WD40s were presumed to be involved in regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis. Based on weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), three candidate genes (ApRHOMBOID, ApMAPK, and ApUNE10) were screened in the significant association module with a correlation coefficient (r2) of 0.86. CONCLUSION In this study, the leaf color changes of two A. palmatum genotypes were analyzed. These findings provide novel insights into variations in leaf coloration and suggest pathways for targeted genetic improvements in A. palmatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhu
- Institute of Leisure Agriculture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 50 Zhongling Street, 210014 Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Jing Wen
- Institute of Leisure Agriculture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 50 Zhongling Street, 210014 Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Qiuyue Ma
- Institute of Leisure Agriculture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 50 Zhongling Street, 210014 Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Kunyuan Yan
- Institute of Leisure Agriculture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 50 Zhongling Street, 210014 Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Yiming Du
- Institute of Leisure Agriculture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 50 Zhongling Street, 210014 Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Zhu Chen
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 40 Nongke South Road, 230031 Hefei, Anhui China
| | - Xiaoyu Lu
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 40 Nongke South Road, 230031 Hefei, Anhui China
| | - Jie Ren
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 40 Nongke South Road, 230031 Hefei, Anhui China
| | - Yuelan Wang
- Chenshi Maples Nursery, 313308 Longba Village, Huzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Shushun Li
- Institute of Leisure Agriculture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 50 Zhongling Street, 210014 Nanjing, Jiangsu China
| | - Qianzhong Li
- Institute of Leisure Agriculture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 50 Zhongling Street, 210014 Nanjing, Jiangsu China
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22
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Dihydrotanshinone I Inhibits the Lung Metastasis of Breast Cancer by Suppressing Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Formation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315180. [PMID: 36499502 PMCID: PMC9736467 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a common female malignancy, worldwide. BC death is predominantly caused by lung metastasis. According to previous studies, Dihydrotanshinone I (DHT), a bioactive compound in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (S. miltiorrhiza), has inhibitory effects on numerous cancers. Here, we investigated the anti-metastatic effect of DHT on BC, where DHT more strongly inhibited the growth of BC cells (MDA-MB-231, 4T1, MCF-7, and SKBR-3) than breast epithelial cells (MCF-10a). Additionally, DHT repressed the wound healing, invasion, and migration activities of 4T1 cells. In the 4T1 spontaneous metastasis model, DHT (20 mg/kg) blocked metastasis progression and distribution in the lung tissue by 74.9%. DHT reversed the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, as well as ameliorated NETs-induced metastasis. Furthermore, it inhibited Ly6G+Mpo+ neutrophils infiltration and H3Cit expression in the lung tissues. RNA sequencing, western blot, and bioinformatical analysis indicated that TIMP1 could modulate DHT acting on lung metastasis inhibition. The study demonstrated a novel suppression mechanism of DHT on NETs formation to inhibit BC metastasis.
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23
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Gao X, Li X, Chen C, Wang C, Fu Y, Zheng Z, Shi M, Hao X, Zhao L, Qiu M, Kai G, Zhou W. Mining of the CULLIN E3 ubiquitin ligase genes in the whole genome of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 5:1760-1768. [PMID: 36268136 PMCID: PMC9576582 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
CULLIN (CUL) proteins are E3 ubiquitin ligases that are involved in a wide variety of biological processes as well as in response to stress in plants. In Salvia miltiorrhiza, CUL genes have not been characterized and its role in plant development, stress response and secondary metabolite synthesis have not been studied. In this study, genome-wide analyses were performed to identify and to predict the structure and function of CUL of S. miltiorrhiza. Eight CUL genes were identified from the genome of S. miltiorrhiza. The CUL genes were clustered into four subgroups according to phylogenetic relationships. The CUL domain was highly conserved across the family of CUL genes. Analysis of cis-acting elements suggested that CUL genes might play important roles in a variety of biological processes, including abscission reaction acid (ABA) processing. To investigate this hypothesis, we treated hairy roots of S. miltiorrhiza with ABA. The expression of CUL genes varied obviously after ABA treatment. Co-expression network results indicated that three CUL genes might be involved in the biosynthesis of phenolic acid or tanshinone. In summary, the mining of the CUL genes in the whole genome of S. miltiorrhiza contribute novel information to the understanding of the CUL genes and its functional roles in plant secondary metabolites, growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiankui Gao
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311402, PR China
| | - Xiujuan Li
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311402, PR China
| | - Chengan Chen
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311402, PR China
| | - Can Wang
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311402, PR China
| | - Yuqi Fu
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311402, PR China
| | - ZiZhen Zheng
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311402, PR China
| | - Min Shi
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311402, PR China
| | - Xiaolong Hao
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311402, PR China
| | - Limei Zhao
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311402, PR China
| | - Minghua Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, PR China
| | - Guoyin Kai
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311402, PR China,Corresponding author. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Gaoke Road, Fuyang district, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311402, PR China.
| | - Wei Zhou
- Laboratory for Core Technology of TCM Quality Improvement and Transformation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311402, PR China,Corresponding author. School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Gaoke Road, Fuyang district, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311402, PR China.
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24
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A novel WRKY34-bZIP3 module regulates phenolic acid and tanshinone biosynthesis in Salvia miltiorrhiza. Metab Eng 2022; 73:182-191. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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25
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Zhan X, Chen Z, Chen R, Shen C. Environmental and Genetic Factors Involved in Plant Protection-Associated Secondary Metabolite Biosynthesis Pathways. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:877304. [PMID: 35463424 PMCID: PMC9024250 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.877304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Plant specialized metabolites (PSMs) play essential roles in the adaptation to harsh environments and function in plant defense responses. PSMs act as key components of defense-related signaling pathways and trigger the extensive expression of defense-related genes. In addition, PSMs serve as antioxidants, participating in the scavenging of rapidly rising reactive oxygen species, and as chelators, participating in the chelation of toxins under stress conditions. PSMs include nitrogen-containing chemical compounds, terpenoids/isoprenoids, and phenolics. Each category of secondary metabolites has a specific biosynthetic pathway, including precursors, intermediates, and end products. The basic biosynthetic pathways of representative PSMs are summarized, providing potential target enzymes of stress-mediated regulation and responses. Multiple metabolic pathways share the same origin, and the common enzymes are frequently to be the targets of metabolic regulation. Most biosynthetic pathways are controlled by different environmental and genetic factors. Here, we summarized the effects of environmental factors, including abiotic and biotic stresses, on PSM biosynthesis in various plants. We also discuss the positive and negative transcription factors involved in various PSM biosynthetic pathways. The potential target genes of the stress-related transcription factors were also summarized. We further found that the downstream targets of these Transcription factors (TFs) are frequently enriched in the synthesis pathway of precursors, suggesting an effective role of precursors in enhancing of terminal products. The present review provides valuable insights regarding screening targets and regulators involved in PSM-mediated plant protection in non-model plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaori Zhan
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhehao Chen
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rong Chen
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Rong Chen,
| | - Chenjia Shen
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Chenjia Shen,
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