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Bao H, Ye J, Zhang Y. A Multichannel Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode Based on Fluorinated Poly(3-octylthiophene-2,5-diyl) and Purified Mesoporous Carbon Black Simultaneously Detects Na +, K +, Ca 2+, and NO 2. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:18238-18248. [PMID: 38680364 PMCID: PMC11044230 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c10471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Preparation of nanocomposites based on fluorinated poly(3-octylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (POTF) and purified mesoporous carbon black (PMCB) as the solid-contact layer of a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) is proposed. POTF is used as a dispersant for PMCB. The obtained nanocomposites possess unique characteristics including high conductivity, capacitance, and stability. The SPCE based on POTF and PMCB is characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and chronopotentiometry, demonstrating simultaneous detection of Na+, K+, Ca2+, and NO2- ions with detection limits of 10-6.5, 10-6.4, 10-6.7, and 10-6.3 M, respectively. Water layer and anti-interference tests revealed that the electrode has high hydrophobicity, and the static contact angle is >140°. The electrode shows excellent selectivity, repeatability, reproducibility, and stability and is not easily affected by light, O2, or CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Bao
- College
of Information Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Jin Ye
- College
of Information Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- Academy
of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 102600, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- College
of Information Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
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2
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Yaacoub S, Boudaka A, AlKhatib A, Pintus G, Sahebkar A, Kobeissy F, Eid AH. The pharmaco-epigenetics of hypertension: a focus on microRNA. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-04947-9. [PMID: 38424404 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-04947-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Hypertension is a major harbinger of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. It predisposes to higher rates of myocardial infarction, chronic kidney failure, stroke, and heart failure than most other risk factors. By 2025, the prevalence of hypertension is projected to reach 1.5 billion people. The pathophysiology of this disease is multifaceted, as it involves nitric oxide and endothelin dysregulation, reactive oxygen species, vascular smooth muscle proliferation, and vessel wall calcification, among others. With the advent of new biomolecular techniques, various studies have elucidated a gaping hole in the etiology and mechanisms of hypertension. Indeed, epigenetics, DNA methylation, histone modification, and microRNA-mediated translational silencing appear to play crucial roles in altering the molecular phenotype into a hypertensive profile. Here, we critically review the experimentally determined associations between microRNA (miRNA) molecules and hypertension pharmacotherapy. Particular attention is given to the epigenetic mechanisms underlying the physiological responses to antihypertensive drugs like candesartan, and other relevant drugs like clopidogrel, aspirin, and statins among others. Furthermore, how miRNA affects the pharmaco-epigenetics of hypertension is especially highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge Yaacoub
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ammar Boudaka
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ali AlKhatib
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Gianfranco Pintus
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Firas Kobeissy
- Department of Neurobiology, Center for Neurotrauma, Multiomics and Biomarkers (CNMB), Morehouse School of Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ali H Eid
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
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Sun J, Xiao Y, Xu W, Xing W, Du F, Tian M, Xu D, Ren Y, Fang X. Anti-hypertensive effect of a novel angiotensin II receptor neprilysin inhibitor (ARNi) -S086 in DSS rat model. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1348897. [PMID: 38420263 PMCID: PMC10899683 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1348897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNi), comprised of an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) and a neprilysin inhibitor (NEPi), has established itself as a safe and effective intervention for hypertension. S086 is a novel ARNi cocrystal developed by Salubris for the treatment of heart failure and hypertension. Methods Dahl Salt Sensitive (DSS) hypertensive rat model and telemetry system were employed in this study to investigate the anti-hypertensive efficacy of S086 and compare it with the first ARNi-LCZ696. Results and discussion The study showed that oral administration of S086 dose-dependently lowered blood pressure (P < 0.001). The middle dosage of S086 (23 mg/kg) exhibited efficacy comparable to LCZ696 (68 mg/kg), while also demonstrating superiority at specific time points (P < 0.05). Notably, water consumption slightly decreased post-treatment compared to the vehicle group. Furthermore, there were significant increases in natriuresis and diuresis observed on the first day of treatment with 23 mg/kg and 68 mg/kg S086 (P < 0.001). However, over the course of treatment, the effects in all treatment groups gradually diminished. This study demonstrates the anti-hypertensive efficacy of S086 in DSS hypertensive rat model, offering promising avenues for the clinical development of S086 as a hypertension treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchao Sun
- R&D Center, Shenzhen Salubris Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- iBHE, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- R&D Center, Shenzhen Salubris Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenjie Xu
- R&D Center, Shenzhen Salubris Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Xing
- R&D Center, Shenzhen Salubris Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Frank Du
- Pharmacology Department, WuXi AppTec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Maozhi Tian
- Pharmacology Department, WuXi AppTec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Danqi Xu
- Pharmacology Department, WuXi AppTec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Yihua Ren
- Pharmacology Department, WuXi AppTec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Fang
- Pharmacology Department, WuXi AppTec (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
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Wang C, Tan W, Liu X, He M, Zeng S, Sun M, Yan L, Li M, Zhan K, Wang K, Li Q. Habitual salt preference worsens blood pressure in hospitalized hypertensive patients with omicron infection under epidemic-related stress. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:134. [PMID: 38195459 PMCID: PMC10777613 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17633-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the synergistic effect of stress and habitual salt preference (SP) on blood pressure (BP) in the hospitalized Omicron-infected patients. METHODS From 15,185 hospitalized Omicron-infected patients who reported having high BP or hypertension, we recruited 662 patients. All patients completed an electronic questionnaire on diet and stress, and were required to complete morning BP monitoring at least three times. RESULTS The hypertensive group (n = 309) had higher habitual SP (P = 0.015) and COVID-19 related stress (P < 0.001), and had longer hospital stays (7.4 ± 1.5 days vs. 7.2 ± 0.5 days, P = 0.019) compared with controls (n = 353). After adjusting for a wide range of covariates including Omicron epidemic-related stress, habitual SP was found to increase both systolic (4.9 [95% confidence interval (CI), 2.3-7.4] mmHg, P < 0.001) and diastolic (2.1 [95%CI, 0.6-3.6] mmHg, P = 0.006) BP in hypertensive patients, and increase diastolic BP (2.0 [95%CI, 0.2-3.7] mmHg, P = 0.026) in the control group. 31 (8.8%) patients without a history of hypertension were discovered to have elevated BP during hospitalization, and stress was shown to be different in those patients (P < 0.001). In contrast, habitual SP was more common in hypertensive patients with uncontrolled BP, compared with patients with controlled BP (P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS Habitual SP and psychosocial stress were associated with higher BP in Omicron-infected patients both with and without hypertension. Nonpharmaceutical intervention including dietary guidance and psychiatric therapy are crucial for BP control during the long COVID-19 period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyi Wang
- Department of Urology Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Wanhong Tan
- Chongqing Yuzhong District Daping Street Community Health Service Center, 400042, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Xiaoxiao Liu
- Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Daping Hospital, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Army Medical University, 400042, Chongqing, PR China
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853, Beijing, China
| | - Miao He
- Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Daping Hospital, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Army Medical University, 400042, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Shi Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, People's Hospital of Chongqing Banan District, 401320, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Maojie Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The Seventh People's Hospital of Chongqing, 400054, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Lijuan Yan
- Department of Urology Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Urology Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Kun Zhan
- Department of Urology Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Kaifa Wang
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Southwest University, 400715, Chongqing, PR China.
| | - Qiang Li
- Center for Hypertension and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Hypertension and Endocrinology, Daping Hospital, Chongqing Institute of Hypertension, Army Medical University, 400042, Chongqing, PR China.
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Preethi KA, Selvakumar SC, Ross K, Sekar D. Therapeutic aspect of microRNA inhibition in various types of hypertension and hypertensive complications. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Cicekliyurt MM, Dermenci B. Relationship between oxytocin receptor gene polymorphism and hypertension in Turkish population. Rev Port Cardiol 2022; 41:S0870-2551(22)00356-0. [PMID: 36266116 DOI: 10.1016/j.repc.2021.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Known to play a key role in uterine contraction and milk ejection, the neuropeptide, oxytocin, has cardiovascular effects. To date, the known cardiovascular effects of oxytocin are blood pressure lowering (caused by natriuresis and atrial natriuretic peptide release), negative inotropic and chronotropic effect caused by parasympathetic neuromodulation, anti-stress effect and vasodilation mediated by activation of the nitric oxide pathway. The clinical significance of the rs2268498 polymorphism in oxytocin receptors in these effects is controversial. Based on the known genetic inheritance of hypertension, our research aimed to determine whether the presence of the rs2268498 oxytocin receptor (OXTR) allele C affects hypertension in our region. METHODS This article is a case-control study conducted in the Turkish population. About 140 normotensive and 140 isolated hypertensive volunteers included in the research and genotyped with real-time PCR hybridization method via melt curve analysis. RESULTS Oxytocin receptor rs2268498 polymorphism was assessed in terms of the risk of hypertension and hypertensive individuals were compared to the control group. OXTR rs2268498 polymorphism was not found to be a significant risk factor for dominant, recessive and additive modeled hypertension (ORdominant: 0.966, 95% CI: 0.57-1.61, p: 0.9; ORrecessive: 1, 95% CI: 0.58-1.71, p: 1.0 and ORoverall: 0.98, chi2=0.01). CONCLUSION We concluded that rs2268498 single nucleotide polymorphism is not a risk factor for hypertension in our region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve M Cicekliyurt
- Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Biology Department, Canakkale, Turkey.
| | - Begum Dermenci
- Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Health Sciences Institute, Medical System Biology Department, Canakkale, Turkey
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Verzicco I, Tedeschi S, Graiani G, Bongrani A, Carnevali ML, Dancelli S, Zappa J, Mattei S, Bovino A, Cavazzini S, Rocco R, Calvi A, Palladini B, Volpi R, Cannone V, Coghi P, Borghetti A, Cabassi A. Evidence for a Prehypertensive Water Dysregulation Affecting the Development of Hypertension: Results of Very Early Treatment of Vasopressin V1 and V2 Antagonism in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:897244. [PMID: 35722114 PMCID: PMC9198251 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.897244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to long-term regulation of blood pressure (BP), in the kidney resides the initial trigger for hypertension development due to an altered capacity to excrete sodium and water. Betaine is one of the major organic osmolytes, and its betaine/gamma-aminobutyric acid transporter (BGT-1) expression in the renal medulla relates to interstitial tonicity and urinary osmolality and volume. This study investigated altered water and sodium balance as well as changes in antidiuretic hormone (ADH) activity in female spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats from their 3–5 weeks of age (prehypertensive phase) to SHR’s 28–30 weeks of age (established hypertension-organ damage). Young prehypertensive SHRs showed a reduced daily urine output, an elevated urine osmolarity, and higher immunostaining of tubule BGT-1, alpha-1-Na-K ATPase in the outer medulla vs. age-matched WKY. ADH circulating levels were not different between young prehypertensive SHR and WKY, but the urine aquaporin2 (AQP2)/creatinine ratio and labeling of AQP2 in the collecting duct were increased. At 28–30 weeks, hypertensive SHR with moderate renal failure did not show any difference in urinary osmolarity, urine AQP2/creatinine ratio, tubule BGT-1, and alpha-1-Na-K ATPase as compared with WKY. These results suggest an increased sensitivity to ADH in prehypertensive female SHR. On this basis, a second series of experiments were set to study the role of ADH V1 and V2 receptors in the development of hypertension, and a group of female prehypertensive SHRs were treated from the 25th to 49th day of age with either V1 (OPC21268) or V2 (OPC 41061) receptor antagonists to evaluate the BP time course. OPC 41061-treated SHRs had a delayed development of hypertension for 5 weeks without effect in OPC 21268-treated SHRs. In prehypertensive female SHR, an increased renal ADH sensitivity is crucial for the development of hypertension by favoring a positive water balance. Early treatment with selective V2 antagonism delays future hypertension development in young SHRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignazio Verzicco
- Cardiorenal and Hypertension Research Unit, Physiopathology Unit, Clinica Medica Generale e Terapia Medica, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DIMEC), University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Stefano Tedeschi
- Cardiorenal and Hypertension Research Unit, Physiopathology Unit, Clinica Medica Generale e Terapia Medica, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DIMEC), University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Gallia Graiani
- Histology and Histopathology Unit and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Dental School Parma, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Alice Bongrani
- Cardiorenal and Hypertension Research Unit, Physiopathology Unit, Clinica Medica Generale e Terapia Medica, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DIMEC), University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Carnevali
- Cardiorenal and Hypertension Research Unit, Physiopathology Unit, Clinica Medica Generale e Terapia Medica, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DIMEC), University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Simona Dancelli
- Cardiorenal and Hypertension Research Unit, Physiopathology Unit, Clinica Medica Generale e Terapia Medica, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DIMEC), University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Jessica Zappa
- Cardiorenal and Hypertension Research Unit, Physiopathology Unit, Clinica Medica Generale e Terapia Medica, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DIMEC), University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Silvia Mattei
- Nefrologia e Dialisi, Azienda USL – Istituto di Ricerca a Carattere Scientifico IRCCS Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Achiropita Bovino
- Internal Medicine Unit, Ospedale Fidenza, Azienda USL Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Stefania Cavazzini
- Laboratory of Industrial Toxicology, DIMEC, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Rossana Rocco
- Cardiorenal and Hypertension Research Unit, Physiopathology Unit, Clinica Medica Generale e Terapia Medica, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DIMEC), University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Anna Calvi
- Cardiorenal and Hypertension Research Unit, Physiopathology Unit, Clinica Medica Generale e Terapia Medica, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DIMEC), University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Barbara Palladini
- Cardiorenal and Hypertension Research Unit, Physiopathology Unit, Clinica Medica Generale e Terapia Medica, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DIMEC), University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Riccardo Volpi
- Cardiorenal and Hypertension Research Unit, Physiopathology Unit, Clinica Medica Generale e Terapia Medica, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DIMEC), University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Valentina Cannone
- Cardiorenal and Hypertension Research Unit, Physiopathology Unit, Clinica Medica Generale e Terapia Medica, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DIMEC), University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Pietro Coghi
- Cardiorenal and Hypertension Research Unit, Physiopathology Unit, Clinica Medica Generale e Terapia Medica, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DIMEC), University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Alberico Borghetti
- Cardiorenal and Hypertension Research Unit, Physiopathology Unit, Clinica Medica Generale e Terapia Medica, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DIMEC), University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Aderville Cabassi
- Cardiorenal and Hypertension Research Unit, Physiopathology Unit, Clinica Medica Generale e Terapia Medica, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DIMEC), University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- *Correspondence: Aderville Cabassi,
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Li J, Wu D, Jun Liu, Li X. Additional Acupuncture Confers a Favorable Long-Term Prognosis for Elderly Hypertensive Patients with Carotid Atherosclerosis after Atorvastatin Treatment. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:7479416. [PMID: 35615686 PMCID: PMC9126712 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7479416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Objective The purpose of the study is to investigate the clinical efficacy and long-term prognosis of acupuncture (AP) combined with atorvastatin (ATO) in treating senile essential hypertension (EH) complicated with carotid atherosclerosis (CA). Methods 108 elderly EH patients with CA admitted to our hospital between January 2018 and September 2018 were enrolled into the study, consisting of 67 patients who received treatment of AP with ATO (AP + ATO group) and 41 patients who received treatment of ATO alone (ATO group). Comparative outcomes included clinical efficacy, blood pressure (BP), the levels of blood lipids and inflammatory factors, carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), the number of unstable carotid intima plaques, the carotid plaque area, and the incidence of adverse reactions. All patients were followed up for 3 years to evaluate their quality of life and the recurrence rate of CA. Results The AP + ATO group presented a higher efficacy, a declined BP, and lower posttreatment levels of blood lipids and inflammatory factors than the ATO group (P < 0.05). Reductions were observed in IMT, number of plaques, and plaque area in both groups after treatment, with more significant improvements in the AP + ATO group (P < 0.05). No difference was observed in the incidence of adverse reactions between two groups after treatment (P > 0.05). The follow-up analysis demonstrated a higher SF-36 score and a lower recurrence rate of CA in the AP + ATO group than the ATO group (P < 0.05). Conclusion The findings suggested that, for elderly EH patients with CA, treatment of AP with ATO offers better clinical efficacy and safety, which not only can decline the BP, but also can reduce blood lipids and plaque formation, and improve quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiefang Li
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, The Fourth Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, China
| | - Dan Wu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, The Fourth Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, The Fourth Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, China
| | - Xi Li
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, The Fourth Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, China
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He X, Lv Y, Li X, Yi S, Zhao H, Li J, Xu Y. Improvement of gelation properties of silver carp surimi through ultrasound-assisted water bath heating. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2022; 83:105942. [PMID: 35131561 PMCID: PMC8829131 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.105942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The present work investigated the effects of water bath heating coupled with different ultrasound treatments on the gel properties, protein conformation, microstructures and chemical interactions of silver carp surimi at low/high salt levels. Results showed that the gel strength, hardness, springiness and water holding capacity (WHC) of surimi gels at low salt concentration were inferior to those at high salt content, regardless of the treatments. Compared with the traditional water bath heating, ultrasonic-assisted treatments significantly improved the gelation properties of surimi at the same salt level. In fact, ultrasound treatment also facilitated the unfolding of α-helix structure of the protein, with the resulting exposure of internal groups further enhancing hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds between protein molecules, thereby leading to the formation of denser microstructures with smaller holes. Furthermore, the most noteworthy ultrasonic treatment group was ultrasound-assisted preheating (U + W) group, whose gelation performance under low salt condition, was comparable with that of the traditional two-stage heating (W + W) group with high salt content. Overall, ultrasound-assisted water bath preheating proved to be a feasible approach to improve the gel properties and microstructures of low-salt surimi gels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueli He
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, National R&D Branch Center of Surimi and Surimi Products Processing, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121013, China
| | - Yanan Lv
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, National R&D Branch Center of Surimi and Surimi Products Processing, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121013, China
| | - Xuepeng Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, National R&D Branch Center of Surimi and Surimi Products Processing, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121013, China
| | - Shumin Yi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, National R&D Branch Center of Surimi and Surimi Products Processing, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121013, China
| | - Honglei Zhao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, National R&D Branch Center of Surimi and Surimi Products Processing, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121013, China.
| | - Jianrong Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, National R&D Branch Center of Surimi and Surimi Products Processing, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121013, China
| | - Yongxia Xu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Bohai University, National R&D Branch Center of Surimi and Surimi Products Processing, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121013, China.
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10
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Hunter RW, Dhaun N, Bailey MA. The impact of excessive salt intake on human health. Nat Rev Nephrol 2022; 18:321-335. [DOI: 10.1038/s41581-021-00533-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Balan Y, Packirisamy RM, Mohanraj PS. High dietary salt intake activates inflammatory cascades via Th17 immune cells: impact on health and diseases. Arch Med Sci 2022; 18:459-465. [PMID: 35316907 PMCID: PMC8924833 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2020.96344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) is on the rise. A high salt content in the diet was found to play a crucial role in mediating IMIDs. It was demonstrated that increased salt concentration favors the differentiation of CD4+ cells to pathogenic Th17 cells, which predispose to several inflammatory diseases by modulating the immunological milieu. In auto-immune diseases increased salt concentration causes stable induction of Th17 cells. In cancer, increased salt concentration triggers chronic inflammation and increases vascular endothelial growth factor levels. Salt-mediated proliferation of Th17 cells has been found to reduce nitric oxide production in the endothelial cells, leading to hypertension. Increased salt concentration was found to alter the intestinal flora, which favors local inflammation. This review attempts to explain the role of high salt concentration and its molecular pathways in causing IMIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuvaraj Balan
- Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalapet, Puducherry, India
| | | | - P S Mohanraj
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, India
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Azeredo HM, Tonon RV, McClements DJ. Designing healthier foods: Reducing the content or digestibility of key nutrients. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Chen W, Liu Y, Pan H, Jiang J, Xiang H, Peng L. Correlation between single nucleotide polymorphisms in the 3 primer untranslated region of PTX3 and the risk of essential hypertension: A case-control study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e25937. [PMID: 34128842 PMCID: PMC8213333 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000025937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the 3 primer of untranslated region (3'UTR) of the Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) gene and the risk of essential hypertension (EHT).PTX3 genotypes, rs2614, rs111451363, and rs73158510 locus, were found in 260 patients with EHT and 260 healthy controls. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to detect plasma hsa-miR-4766-5p levels. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect plasma PTX3 levels. The dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to identify the binding site of hsa-miR-4766-5p to the PTX3.PTX3 rs2614 locus T allele was a high risk factor for EHT (odds ratio [OR] = 2.76, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.86-4.09, P < .01). Sex and diabetes history affected the correlation between PTX3 gene rs2614 locus SNP and EHT risk. The CCG haplotype was a protective factor for EHT (OR = 0.40, 95% CI: 0.28-0.57, P < .01), whereas the TCG haplotype was a risk factor for EHT (OR = 2.35, 95% CI: 1.51-3.66, P < .01). The plasma PTX3 level of patients with EHT was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < .01). The area under the curve for EHT diagnosis in plasma PTX3 levels was 0.62 (95% CI: 0.57-0.66, P < .01). The plasma hsa-miR-4766-5p level in patients with EHT was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < .01). The area under the curve for the diagnosis of EHT according to the plasma hsa-miR-4766-5p level was 0.88 (95% CI: 0.85-0.91, P < .01). Plasma PTX3 levels were significantly negatively correlated with hsa-miR-4766-5p levels in patients with EHT and the control group (r = -0.87, -0.85, P < .01, P < .01). The PTX3 gene rs2614 locus C allele was the target gene of hsa-miR-4766-5p.The PTX3 rs2614 locus SNP is significantly associated with EHT risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Huaqing Xiang
- Department of Ultrasound, Pujiang Branch of the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jinhua
| | - Linlin Peng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Golonka RM, Cooper JK, Issa R, Devarasetty PP, Gokula V, Busken J, Zubcevic J, Hill J, Vijay-Kumar M, Menon B, Joe B. Impact of Nutritional Epigenetics in Essential Hypertension: Targeting microRNAs in the Gut-Liver Axis. Curr Hypertens Rep 2021; 23:28. [PMID: 33961141 PMCID: PMC8105193 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-021-01142-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To review the current knowledge on interactions between dietary factors and microRNAs (miRNAs) in essential hypertension (EH) pathogenesis. RECENT FINDINGS There exists an integration of maintenance signals generated by genetic, epigenetic, immune, and environmental (e.g., dietary) factors that work to sustain balance in the gut-liver axis. It is well established that an imbalance in this complex, intertwined system substantially increases the risk for EH. As such, pertinent research has been taken to decipher how each signal operates in isolation and together in EH progression. Recent literature indicates that both macro- and micronutrients interrupt regulatory miRNA expressions and thus, alter multiple cellular processes that contribute to EH and its comorbidities. We highlight how carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, salt, and potassium modify miRNA signatures during EH. The disruption in miRNA expression can negatively impact communication systems such as over activating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, modulating the vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype, and promoting angiogenesis to favor EH. We also delineate the prognostic value of miRNAs in EH and discuss the pros and cons of surgical vs dietary prophylactic approaches in EH prevention. We propose that dietary-dependent perturbation of the miRNA profile is one mechanism within the gut-liver axis that dictates EH development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M Golonka
- Microbiome Consortium, Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Block Health Science Bldg, 3000 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | | | - Rochell Issa
- The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA
| | | | - Veda Gokula
- The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Joshua Busken
- The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Jasenka Zubcevic
- Microbiome Consortium, Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Block Health Science Bldg, 3000 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Jennifer Hill
- Microbiome Consortium, Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Block Health Science Bldg, 3000 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Matam Vijay-Kumar
- Microbiome Consortium, Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Block Health Science Bldg, 3000 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Bindu Menon
- Department of Medical Education, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Room 3105B, CCE Bldg, 2920 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA.
| | - Bina Joe
- Microbiome Consortium, Center for Hypertension and Precision Medicine, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, The University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Block Health Science Bldg, 3000 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA.
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Chinese Traditional Fermented Soy Sauce Exerts Protective Effects against High-Fat and High-Salt Diet-Induced Hypertension in Sprague-Dawley Rats by Improving Adipogenesis and Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Activity. FERMENTATION 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation7020052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although high-fat and high-salt diets are considered risk factors for hypertension, the intake of salty soybean-based fermented foods has beneficial effects. This study explored the potential of Chinese traditional fermented soy sauce (CTFSS) in preventing hypertension by analyzing its effects on adipogenesis and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into four groups (n = 6): normal diet (ND), high-fat diet (HD), high-fat diet with saline (HDS, NaCl-8%), and high-fat diet with Chinese traditional soy sauce (HDCTS, NaCl-8%). Each group is administrated 12 weeks by oral gavage as 10 mL/kg dose, respectively. CTFSS supplementation resulted in significantly lower body weight, epididymal fat weight, and systolic blood pressure. Additionally, it decreased the serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), renin, angiotensin II (Ang II), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), and aldosterone levels. It also increased the urinary volume and improved sodium and potassium ion balance. The gene levels showed significant enhancements in the mRNA levels of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system-related and adipogenesis-related genes. In addition, CTFSS may prevent hypertension-associated kidney injury. Therefore, this study demonstrates that CTFSS has no harmful effects on hypertension. In contrast, the beneficial effects of CTFSS intake in ameliorating hypertension were shown.
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Liang J, Wu J, Zhang X, Hao X, Zeng T, Sun J, Ji Z, Park K, Li K, Liu Q. Proteomics analysis of the hypothalamus in spontaneously hypertensive rats treated with twirling reinforcing manipulation, twirling reducing manipulation or electroacupuncture. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:381. [PMID: 33680103 PMCID: PMC7918484 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is one of the primary risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Numerous proteins serve a critical role in hypertension. Acupuncture has been widely used as a treatment for hypertension in China. The results of the current study suggested that electroacupuncture (EA), twirling reinforcing manipulation (TRFM) and twirling reducing manipulation (TRDM) may be useful in the treatment of hypertension. Additionally, proteome analysis of spontaneously hypertensive rats treated with EA, TRFM and TRDM was performed. There were 117 (EA group), 61 (TRFM group) and 86 (TRDM group) differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) identified in the respective experimental groups compared with the model group. Moreover, parallel reaction monitoring assays were used to validate the reliability of the DEPs. The majority of the results were consistent with previous proteomics results, in particular that for expression of neudesin neurotrophic factor (NENF). NENF may potentially represent an antihypertensive drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingrong Liang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Jiaojuan Wu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Xiaomin Hao
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Tianxiao Zeng
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Jiao Sun
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Ji
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Kibeum Park
- Shenzhen New Element Clinic, Shenzhen Bay Ecological Science and Technology Park, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, P.R. China
| | - Kaimin Li
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Qingguo Liu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
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Abstract
Introduction: Despite the improved treatment protocol of hypertension, the magnitude of the disease and its related burden remains raised. Hypertension makes up the leading cause of stroke, kidney disease, arterial disease, eye disease, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) growth. Areas covered: This review provides the overview of the role of dietary salt and alcohol use reduction in the management of hypertension, a brief history of alcohol, the vascular endothelium functions, the effects of alcohol use on blood pressure (BP), the mechanisms of alcohol, brief history of salt, the effects of dietary salt intake on BP, and the mechanisms of salt. Expert opinion: Studies found that high dietary salt intake and heavy alcohol consumption have a major and huge impact on BP while both of them have been identified to increase BP. Also, they raise the risk of hypertension-related morbidity and mortality in advance. On the other way, the dietary salt and alcohol use reduction in the management of hypertension are significant in the control of BP and its related morbidity and mortality. Further, studies suggested that the dietary salt and alcohol use reductions are the cornerstone in the management of hypertension due to their significance as part of comprehensive lifestyle modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Addisu Dabi Wake
- Nursing Department, College of Health Sciences, Arsi University , Asella, Ethiopia
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18
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Sun C, Zhou X, Hu Z, Lu W, Zhao Y, Fang Y. Food and salt structure design for salt reducing. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2020.102570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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19
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Ito K. Review of the health benefits of habitual consumption of miso soup: focus on the effects on sympathetic nerve activity, blood pressure, and heart rate. Environ Health Prev Med 2020; 25:45. [PMID: 32867671 PMCID: PMC7461326 DOI: 10.1186/s12199-020-00883-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
High salt intake increases blood pressure, and dietary salt intake has been clearly demonstrated to be associated with hypertension incidence. Japanese people consume higher amounts of salt than Westerners. It has been reported that miso soup was one of the major sources of daily salt intake in Japanese people. Adding salt is indispensable to make miso, and therefore, in some cases, refraining from miso soup is recommended to reduce dietary salt intake. However, recent studies using salt-sensitive hypertensive models have revealed that miso lessens the effects of salt on blood pressure. In other word, the intake of miso dose not increase the blood pressure compared to the equivalent intake of salt. In addition, many clinical observational studies have demonstrated the absence of a relationship between the frequency of miso soup intake and blood pressure levels or hypertension incidence. The mechanism of this phenomenon seen in the subjects with miso soup intake has not been fully elucidated yet. However, in basic studies, it was found that the ingredients of miso attenuate sympathetic nerve activity, resulting in lowered blood pressure and heart rate. Therefore, this review focused on the differences between the effects of miso intake and those of the equivalent salt intake on sympathetic nerve activity, blood pressure, and heart rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Ito
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Japan Community Healthcare Organization, Kyushu Hospital, 1-8-1, Kishinoura, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 806-8501, Japan.
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Comparative study of cilnidipine loaded PLGA nanoparticles: process optimization by DoE, physico-chemical characterization and in vivo evaluation. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2020; 10:1442-1458. [PMID: 32329025 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-020-00732-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cilnidipine (CND) is known to have low oral bioavailability due to its poor aqueous solubility, low dissolution rate, and high gut wall metabolism. In the present study, CND-loaded PLGA nanoparticles (CND-PLGA-NPs) were prepared with two different grades of PLGA (50:50 and 75:25) by design of experiment. Critical factors affecting particle size and entrapment efficiency (EE%) were assessed by mixed design approach, comprising of Plackett-Burman design followed by rotatable central composite design. Particle size, PDI, zeta potential, and EE% of optimized formulations of CND-PLGA(50:50)-NPs and CND-PLGA(75:25)-NPs were 211.6 ± 1.8 nm, 0.21 ± 0.05, - 15.1 ± 1.6 mV, and 85.9 ± 1.5% and 243.5 ± 2.4 nm, 0.23 ± 0.06, -19.6 ± 1.3 mV, and 92.0 ± 1.2% respectively. No significant changes were observed in physical stability of NPs when stored at 25 °C/60% RH over a period of 3 months. Pharmacokinetic studies revealed that Fabs of CND-PLGA(50:50)-NPs (1.15) and CND-PLGA(75:25)-NPs (2.23) were significantly higher than the free CND (0.26). The Cmax and AUC0-∞ of CND-PLGA(50:50)-NPs (787.42 ± 27.38 ng/mL and 9339.37 ± 252.38 ng/ml × h) and CND-PLGA(75:25)-NPs (803.49 ± 19.63 ng/mL and 18,153.34 ± 543.05 ng/ml × h) were significantly higher (p ˂ 0.0001) compared with free CND (367.69 ± 47.22 ng/mL and 2107.95 ± 136.40 ng/ml × h). MRTOral of CND-PLGA(50:50)-NPs (33.36 ± 0.48 h) and CND-PLGA(75:25)-NPs (48.37 ± 0.61 h) were significantly higher (p ˂ 0.0001) compared with free CND (4.69 ± 0.58 h). CND-PLGA-NPs can provide higher and sustained plasma drug levels of CND and be effective in antihypertensive therapy. Graphical abstract.
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21
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Prevalence of Suboptimal Health Status and the Relationships between Suboptimal Health Status and Lifestyle Factors among Chinese Adults Using a Multi-Level Generalized Estimating Equation Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17030763. [PMID: 31991741 PMCID: PMC7038125 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17030763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the prevalence of suboptimal health among Chinese adults based on a large-scale national survey and clarified the relationship between suboptimal health and lifestyle factors. We used multi-level generalized estimating equation models to examine the relationships between suboptimal health and lifestyle factors. Of the 48,978 respondents, 34,021 reported one or more suboptimal health symptoms, giving a suboptimal health status prevalence of 69.46%. After controlling for the cluster effect of living areas and confounding effect of demographic characteristics, factors associated with suboptimal health were: current smoking (odds ratio (OR) = 1.083, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.055-1.111), drinking alcohol (OR = 1.075, 95% CI: 1.025-1.127), family history of disease (OR = 1.203, 95% CI: 1.055-1.111), sleeping <6 h per day (OR = 1.235, 95% CI: 1.152-1.256), poor sleep quality (OR = 1.594, 95% CI: 1.515-1.676), stress (OR = 1.588, 95% CI: 1.496-1.686), negative life events (OR = 1.114, 95% CI: 1.045-1.187), unhealthy diet choices (OR = 1.093, 95% CI: 1.033-1.156), and not regularly having meals at fixed hours (OR = 1.231, 95% CI: 1.105-1.372). Respondents who exercised regularly had lower odds of having suboptimal health status (OR = 0.913, 95% CI: 0.849-0.983). Suboptimal health has become a serious public health challenge in China. The health status of the population could be effectively improved by improving lifestyle behaviors.
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Resveratrol Supplementation Prevents Hypertension in Hypertensive Pregnant Rats by Increasing Sodium Excretion and Serum Nitric Oxide Level. Int J Hypertens 2020; 2020:4154010. [PMID: 32099672 PMCID: PMC6996698 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4154010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in pregnancy worldwide. This study was designed to study the blood pressure-lowering effect of resveratrol (RES) in a salt-induced hypertensive pregnant rat model. Methods Forty female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomized into 4 groups: Normal Preg (0.9% salt diet), Normal Preg + RES (0.9% salt diet plus daily oral RES for 4 weeks), Salt Preg (8% salt diet), and Salt Preg + RES (8% salt diet plus daily oral RES for 4 weeks). Noninvasive blood pressure was recorded on gestational days 7 and 14. On the gestational day 19, foetuses were weighed, and blood and urine samples were harvested for electrolytes and biochemical assays. Results RES significantly reduced SBP, DBP, and MAP on gestational days 7 and 14 in the Salt Preg + RES group compared to the Salt Preg group (all P < 0.05). Compared to the Salt Preg group, the foetal weight, serum NO level, urinary sodium, and 24 hour urine volume were significantly increased in the Salt Preg + RES group (all P < 0.05). Compared to the Salt Preg group, the foetal weight, serum NO level, urinary sodium, and 24 hour urine volume were significantly increased in the Salt Preg + RES group (all P < 0.05). Compared to the Salt Preg group, the foetal weight, serum NO level, urinary sodium, and 24 hour urine volume were significantly increased in the Salt Preg + RES group (all Conclusions RES decreases blood pressure in a hypertensive pregnant rat model. Increasing sodium excretion and serum nitric oxide level might be, at least part of, the underlying mechanisms.
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Mohammadifard N, Khosravi A, Salas-Salvadó J, Becerra-Tomás N, Nouri F, Abdollahi Z, Jozan M, Bahonar A, Sarrafzadegan N. Trend of salt intake measured by 24-hour urine collection samples among Iranian adults population between 1998 and 2013: The Isfahan salt study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2019; 29:1323-1329. [PMID: 31672449 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2019.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Few population-based studies conducted in the Eastern Mediterranean region assessed salt intake by the measurement of 24-h sodium urine excretion (24-hUNa). The current study aimed to assess the trend of mean salt intake in Iranian adults between 1998 and 2013. METHODS AND RESULTS These cross-sectional studies were performed on 564, 157, 509 and 837 randomly selected healthy adults aged >18 years from Isfahan city, Iran, in 1998, 2001, 2007 and 2013, respectively. BP was measured using a mercury sphygmomanometer according to a standard protocol. Single 24-h urine was collected to assess 24-hUNa as a surrogate of salt intake, and 24-h urinary K (24-hUK). The estimated trend of salt intake was 9.5, 9.7, 9.6 and 10.2 g/day in total population (P < 0.001). The increase in salt intake between 1998 and 2013 was significant only in men, (P < 0.001). The risk of pre-hypertension was 21% and 18% significantly greater in the highest quartiles of UNa/UK after adjustment for potential confounders in 2001 and 2013, respectively, [OR (95% CI): 1.21 (1.03-1.64) and 1.18 (1.02-1.38), respectively]. CONCLUSIONS This population-based study indicated that mean salt intake was about two times of recommendation in Isfahan city, Iran, and suggest that it would be essential to implement a salt reduction strategy program in Iranian population. Longitudinal national studies with larger samples examining the trend of salt intake are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noushin Mohammadifard
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Alireza Khosravi
- Hypertension Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Interventional Cardiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Human Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Pere Virgili Institute for Health Research, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nerea Becerra-Tomás
- Human Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Pere Virgili Institute for Health Research, Rovira i Virgili University, Reus, Spain; CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fatemeh Nouri
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zahra Abdollahi
- Nutrition Department, The Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Jozan
- Interventional Cardiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Bahonar
- Hypertension Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nizal Sarrafzadegan
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Evidence of Cardiovascular Calcification and Fibrosis in Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum Mouse Models Subjected to DOCA-Salt Hypertension. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16327. [PMID: 31704980 PMCID: PMC6841718 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52808-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum (PXE) is a rare disorder characterized by fragmentation and progressive calcification of elastic fibres in connective tissues. Although arterial hypertension (AHT) has been reported in PXE patients, its impact on pathological manifestations has as yet been unexplored. We investigated the consequences of experimental AHT on Abcc6−/− PXE mouse models. Experimental AHT was induced by deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA-salt) in uni-nephrectomised mice. Blood pressure (BP) and vascular reactivity were monitored using tail-cuff plethysmography and myography respectively. Calcium content and fibrosis were assessed using colorimetry, Von Kossa and Sirius red staining respectively. The gene expression implicated in vascular biology was measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. DOCA-salt induced a matching rise in BP in Abcc6−/− and WT mice. Aortic ring contraction and relaxation in vitro were comparable. Calcium accumulated in the hearts of hypertensive Abcc6−/− mice along with significant fibrosis in the myocardium and aorta by contrast with the WT mice. In hypertensive Abcc6−/− mouse aortas, these results were corroborated by gene expression patterns favouring calcification, fibrosis and extracellular matrix remodelling. Abcc6 loss-of-function is associated with greater cardiovascular calcification and fibrosis in mice subjected to DOCA-Salt hypertension. These results suggest likely cardiovascular deterioration in PXE patients with AHT, necessitating diligent BP monitoring.
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Rohacek M, Burkard T. [Heart Failure in Africa]. PRAXIS 2019; 108:983-990. [PMID: 31771489 DOI: 10.1024/1661-8157/a003333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Heart Failure in Africa Abstract. In Africa, mortality due to heart failure is twice as high as in other low- to middle-income countries and five times as high as in high-income countries. Arterial hypertension is by far the most common cause of heart failure, followed by cardiomyopathies and rheumatic heart diseases. At diagnosis, most patients suffer already from an advanced disease stage. Only a few patients are aware of arterial hypertension, and few are treated and have their hypertension well controlled. Only a minority of patients have a well-controlled hypertension. The neglect of chronic non-communicable diseases on the health agenda leads to poor awareness, poor diagnostic resources, preventions strategies and treatment options. International guidelines cannot be properly followed in these circumstances. Information at community level and in healthcare facilities is urgently needed as well as training of healthcare staff, implementation of improved diagnostics and treatment of arterial hypertension and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Rohacek
- St. Francis Referral Hospital, Ifakara, United Republic of Tanzania
- Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara, United Republic of Tanzania
- Schweizerisches Tropen- und Public Health-Institut (Swiss TPH)
- Universität Basel, Basel
| | - Thilo Burkard
- Universität Basel, Basel
- Kardiologie, Universitätsspital, Basel
- Medical Outpatient Department and Hypertension Clinic, Universitätsspital, Basel
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L-arginine supplementation lowers blood pressure, protein excretion and plasma lipid profile in experimental salt-induced hypertension in pregnancy: Relevance to preeclampsia. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2019; 26:191-197. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pathophys.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Vézina-Im LA, Nicklas TA, Baranowski T. Intergenerational Effects of Health Issues Among Women of Childbearing Age: a Review of the Recent Literature. Curr Nutr Rep 2019; 7:274-285. [PMID: 30259413 DOI: 10.1007/s13668-018-0246-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review summarizes the latest scientific evidence, primarily from systematic reviews/meta-analyses and large cohort studies, on the impact of health issues among women of childbearing age and their effect on their offspring during pregnancy and from birth to adulthood. RECENT FINDINGS Women of childbearing age with overweight/obesity, diabetes, and hypertension prior to pregnancy are at increased risk for adverse outcomes during pregnancy, such as excessive gestational weight gain, gestational diabetes mellitus, and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. These adverse outcomes could complicate delivery and put their offspring at risk of developing overweight/obesity, diabetes, and hypertension (i.e., intergenerational transmission of health issues). Interventions should target women of childbearing age, especially those who wish to conceive, in order to possibly stop the transmission of women's health issues to the offspring and favor a healthy pregnancy from the start. This could be one of the best strategies to promote both maternal and child health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydi-Anne Vézina-Im
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Theresa A Nicklas
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Tom Baranowski
- Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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Liu R, Hu W, Li X, Pu D, Yang G, Liu H, Tan M, Zhu D. Association of circulating BMP9 with coronary heart disease and hypertension in Chinese populations. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2019; 19:131. [PMID: 31146694 PMCID: PMC6543594 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-019-1095-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bone morphogenetic protein9 (BMP9) has been reported to have a role in vascular development. However, there is still a lack of information regarding the association between circulating BMP9 levels and cardiovascular disease in humans. The goal of this study is to measure circulating BMP9 concentrations in patients with essential hypertension (HTN), coronary heart disease (CHD) and HTN + CHD, and evaluates the relationship between circulating BMP9 and these cardiovascular diseases. Methods A total of 417 individuals were recruited for this cross-sectional study from June 2015 to December 2017. These subjects were screened for HTN and CHD. Circulating BMP9 concentrations were measured by ELISA. Results Circulating BMP9 concentrations were significantly low in HTN, CHD and HTN + CHD individuals relative to those of the healthy individuals. Circulating BMP9 correlated negatively with SBP, FIns and HOMA-IR in HTN patients and correlated negatively with FBG and 2 h-BG in CHD patients. In both HTN and CHD patients, circulating BMP9 correlated negatively with BMI, WHR, FAT%, BP and TG. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that circulating BMP9 levels were associated with HTN, HTN + CHD and CHD. Individuals with low quartile of circulating BMP9 had a significantly high risk of HTN or/and CHD as compared with those in high quartile. Conclusions BMP9 is likely to be a biomarker for cardiovascular disease in humans, and it may play a role in the progression of cardiovascular disease. Trial registration ChiCTR-OPC-14005324. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12872-019-1095-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, 400011, China.,Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenjing Hu
- Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Hospital for Occupational Diseases, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Danlan Pu
- Department of Endocrinology, Pepople's Hospital of Chongqing Banan District, Chongqing, China
| | - Gangyi Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hua Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216-4505, USA
| | - Minghong Tan
- Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, 400011, China.
| | - Danping Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, 400011, China.
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Hayibor LA, Zhang J, Duncan A. Association of binge drinking in adolescence and early adulthood with high blood pressure: findings from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (1994–2008). J Epidemiol Community Health 2019; 73:652-659. [DOI: 10.1136/jech-2018-211594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundAn investigation of the risk of high blood pressure (HBP) associated with heavy alcohol consumption in adolescence and early adulthood is lacking. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between binge drinking from adolescence to early adulthood and the risk of HBP in early adulthood.MethodsWe applied logistic regression to publicly available, population-representative data from waves I (1994–1995; ages 12–18) and IV (2007–2008; ages 24–32) of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (n=5114) to determine whether past 12-month binge drinking in adolescence (wave I) and early adulthood (wave IV) was associated with HBP in early adulthood after adjusting for covariates, including smoking and body mass index. HBP was defined according to both the former and new classifications.ResultsHBP was significantly, positively associated with infrequent binge drinking (less than once a week) in adolescence based on the new classification (overall: OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.49; male: OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.81) and frequent binge drinking (heavy consumption) in adolescence based on the former classification (overall: OR= 1.64, 95% CI 1.22 to 2.22; male: OR= 1.79, 95% CI 1.23 to 2.60). The risk of HBP was high when participants engaged in frequent binge drinking in both adolescence and early adulthood, especially based on the former classification (overall: OR 2.43, 95% CI 1.13 to 5.20; female: OR 5.81, 95% CI 2.26 to 14.93).ConclusionBinge drinking in adolescence may increase risk of HBP in early adulthood. This association is independent of other important risk factors for HPB, such as smoking and obesity.
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Raphael DM, Roos L, Myovela V, Mchomvu E, Namamba J, Kilindimo S, Gingo W, Hatz C, Paris DH, Weisser M, Kobza R, Rohacek M. Heart diseases and echocardiography in rural Tanzania: Occurrence, characteristics, and etiologies of underappreciated cardiac pathologies. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208931. [PMID: 30586432 PMCID: PMC6306243 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about heart diseases and their treatment in rural sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to describe the occurrence, characteristics, and etiologies of heart diseases, and the medication taken before and prescribed after echocardiography in a rural referral Hospital in Tanzania. METHODS This prospective descriptive cohort study included all adults and children referred for echocardiography. Clinical and echocardiographic data were collated for analysis. RESULTS From December 2015 to October 2017, a total of 1'243 echocardiograms were performed. A total of 815 adults and 59 children ≤15 years had abnormal echocardiographic findings; in adults 537/815 (66%) had hypertension, with 230/537(43%) on antihypertensive drugs, and 506/815 (62%) were not on regular cardiac medication; 346/815 (42%) had severe eccentric or concentric left ventricular hypertrophy, and 182/815 (22%) had severe systolic heart failure. Only 44% demonstrated normal left ventricular systolic function. The most frequent heart diseases were hypertensive heart disease (41%), valvular heart disease (18%), coronary heart disease (18%), peripartum cardiomyopathy (7%), and other non-hypertensive dilated cardiomyopathies (6%) in adults, and congenital heart disease (34%) in children. Following echocardiography, 802/815 (98%) adults and 40/59 (68%) children had an indication for cardiac medication, 70/815 (9%) and 2/59 (3%) for oral anticoagulation, and 35/815 (4%) and 23/59 (39%) for cardiac surgery, respectively. CONCLUSION Hypertension is the leading etiology of heart diseases in rural Tanzania. Most patients present with advanced stages of heart disease, and the majority are not treated before echocardiography. There is an urgent need for increased awareness, expertise and infrastructure to detect and treat hypertension and heart failure in rural Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Victor Myovela
- St. Francis Referral Hospital, Ifakara, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Elisante Mchomvu
- St. Francis Referral Hospital, Ifakara, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Jabir Namamba
- St. Francis Referral Hospital, Ifakara, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Said Kilindimo
- Emergency Department, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Winfrid Gingo
- St. Francis Referral Hospital, Ifakara, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Christoph Hatz
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel H. Paris
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Maja Weisser
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara, United Republic of Tanzania
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Richard Kobza
- Division of Cardiology, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Luzern, Switzerland
| | - Martin Rohacek
- St. Francis Referral Hospital, Ifakara, United Republic of Tanzania
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara, United Republic of Tanzania
- * E-mail:
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Wang J, Deng Y, Zou X, Luo H, Jose PA, Fu C, Yang J, Zeng C. Long-term low salt diet increases blood pressure by activation of the renin-angiotensin and sympathetic nervous systems. Clin Exp Hypertens 2018; 41:739-746. [PMID: 30451012 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2018.1545850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of long-term low salt diet on blood pressure and its underlying mechanisms.Methods Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into normal salt diet group (0.4%) and low salt diet group (0.04%). Blood pressure was measured with the non-invasive tail-cuff method. The contractile response of isolated mesenteric arteries was measured using a small vessel myograph. The effects on renal function of the intrarenal arterial infusion of candesartan (10 μg/kg/min), an angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R) antagonist, were also measured. The expressions of renal AT1R and mesenteric arterial α1A, α1B, and α1D adrenergic receptors were quantified by immunoblotting. Plasma levels of angiotensin II were also measured.Results Systolic blood pressure was significantly increased after 8 weeks of low salt diet. There were no obvious differences in the renal structure between the low and normal salt diet groups. However, the plasma angiotensin II levels and renal AT1R expression were higher in low than normal salt diet group. The intrarenal arterial infusion of candesartan increased urine flow and sodium excretion to a greater extent in the low than normal salt diet group. The expressions of α1A and α1D, but not α1B, adrenergic receptors, and phenylephrine-induced contraction were increased in mesenteric arteries from the low salt, relative to the normal salt diet group.Conclusion Activation of the renin-angiotensin and sympathetic nervous systems may be involved in the pathogenesis of long-term low salt diet-induced hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialiang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Yi Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Xue Zou
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Hao Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Pedro A Jose
- Division of Renal Diseases & Hypertension, Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology/Physiology, The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Chunjiang Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Chunyu Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, P.R. China
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Liu BX, Sun W, Kong XQ. Perirenal Fat: A Unique Fat Pad and Potential Target for Cardiovascular Disease. Angiology 2018; 70:584-593. [PMID: 30301366 DOI: 10.1177/0003319718799967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Although visceral obesity is recognized as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), the efficacy of omental fat removal in CVD treatment is still controversial. There is a need to identify other visceral fat depots for CVD management. This review aims to provide a summary on perirenal fat as an important risk factor for CVD. Studies on epidemiology, anatomy, and function of perirenal fat were reviewed. Observational studies in humans suggest that excessive perirenal fat increases the risk of hypertension and coronary heart disease. Anatomy studies prove that perirenal fat is unique compared to other connective tissues in that it is well vascularized, innervated, and drains into the lymphatic system. Other special morphological features include a complete fascia border, sympathetic-independent development of architecture, and proximity to the kidneys. Based on these anatomical features, perirenal fat regulates the cardiovascular system presumably via neural reflex, adipokine secretion, and fat-kidney interaction. These new insights suggest that perirenal fat may constitute a promising target for CVD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Xun Liu
- 1 Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Sun
- 1 Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Qing Kong
- 1 Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Jordan J, Kurschat C, Reuter H. Arterial Hypertension. DEUTSCHES ARZTEBLATT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 115:557-568. [PMID: 30189978 PMCID: PMC6156553 DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.2018.0557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Essential arterial hypertension is one of the main treatable cardiovascular risk factors. In Germany, approximately 13% of women and 18% of men have uncontrolled high blood pressure (≥ 140/90 mmHg). METHODS This review is based on pertinent publications retrieved by a selective literature search in PubMed. RESULTS Arterial hypertension is diagnosed when repeated measurements in a doctor's office yield values of 140/90 mmHg or higher. The diagnosis should be confirmed by 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring or by home measurement. Further risk factors and end-organ damage should be considered as well. According to the current European guidelines, the target blood pressure for all patients, including those with diabetes mellitus or renal failure, is <140/90 mmHg. If the treatment is well tolerated, further lowering of blood pressure, with a defined lower limit, is recommended for most patients. The main non-pharmacological measures against high blood pressure are reduction of salt in the diet, avoidance of excessive alcohol consumption, smoking cessation, a balanced diet, physical exercise, and weight loss. The first-line drugs for arterial hypertension include long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin-receptor blockers, and thiazide-like diuretics. Mineralocorticoid-receptor blockers are effective in patients whose blood pressure cannot be brought into acceptable range with first-line drugs. CONCLUSION In most patients with essential hypertension, the blood pressure can be well controlled and the cardiovascular risk reduced through a combination of lifestyle interventions and first-line antihypertensive drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Jordan
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine (DLR) and Chair of Clinical Aerospace Medicine, University of Cologne, Germany
- University Hypertension Center, University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Christine Kurschat
- Department II of Internal Medicine, Divisions of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Diabetes and General Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Germany
- University Hypertension Center, University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Hannes Reuter
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Evangelisches Klinikum Köln Weyertal, Cologne
- University Hypertension Center, University of Cologne, Germany
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Effects of processed red meat consumption on the risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases among Korean adults: the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. Eur J Nutr 2018; 58:2477-2484. [PMID: 30069618 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-018-1799-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Few studies have evaluated the effects of processed red meat (PRM) consumption on chronic disease risk, especially among low average PRM consumption populations. This study examined association between PRM intake and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidences in Korea. METHODS Participants (n = 10,030; aged 40-69 years) were recruited from the Ansan-Ansung cohort study, a subset of Korean Genome Epidemiology Study. Validated 103-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary information, at baseline (2001-2002) and at second follow-up (2005-2006). T2DM and CVD incidences were identified using biennial questionnaire-based interview during a 10-year follow-up period. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to calculate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS Over the 10-year follow-up period, 668 and 493 incident cases of T2DM (62,130 person-years) and CVD (63,150 person-years), respectively, were documented. In crude models, comparing the highest and lowest levels of PRM intake, no significant association occurred with incident T2DM [HR, 95% CI (0.94, 0.76-1.17)], while significant association occurred with incident CVD (0.67, 0.51-0.88). However, in adjusted models, this association was no longer significant, showing HRs (95% CI) of PRM intake for T2DM and CVD of 1.07 (0.85-1.35) and 1.14 (0.85-1.55), respectively. CONCLUSIONS PRM intake did not affect T2DM and CVD incidences among Korean middle-aged adults, although extremely low average consumption of PRM may explain the finding. Therefore, limiting PRM intake may not be a top priority for the prevention of chronic diseases in Korean population.
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VASCONCELOS AMD, SANTOS SMLD, DAMACENO MN, CAVALCANTE ABD. Physicochemical characterization and comparison of labels of beef bouillon cubes. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.11017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandra Maria Lopes dos SANTOS
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Ceará, Brasil; Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Ceará, Brasil
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Lenaerts C, Bond L, Tuytten R, Blankert B. Revealing of endogenous Marinobufagin by an ultra-specific and sensitive UHPLC-MS/MS assay in pregnant women. Talanta 2018; 187:193-199. [PMID: 29853035 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Marinobufagenin (MBG) is a bufadienolide cardiac inotrope implicated in volume expansion-mediated hypertensive states including essential hypertension and preeclampsia (PE). Endogenous MBG is an inhibitor of the α1-isoform of Na+,K+-ATPase with vasoconstrictive and cardiotonic properties, causing hypertension and natriuresis. Elevated endogenous MBG-like material levels have been described by immunoassays in salt-sensitive pregnant and preeclamptic rats as well as in preeclamptic human patients. The rise of endogenous MBG-like material appears prior the development of the main symptoms of PE, leading us to consider MBG as one of the potential biomarkers for PE. The weak specificity and the high variability of the published immunoassays gives no certification about endogenous MBG existence. This led us to set-up a highly specific and sensitive analytical method to detect MBG in plasma at low levels relying on liquid chromatography combined to mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) with recording of 7 highly specific MRM transitions for MBG. Pure MBG standard used in the method development was obtained by purification from the Bufo marinus toad venom. d3-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 was used as internal standard. An increasing organic gradient with mobile phase A and B composed of 97:3 (v/v) H2O: MeOH and 50:45:5 (v/v/v) MeOH:IPA:H2O at pH 4.5 respectively was used on a Pursuit 3 PFP column (100 mm × 3 mm; 3 µm) to allow elution and separation of the plasmatic compounds. Chromatographic analyses of plasma samples were preceded by a precipitation of proteins pretreatment. The developed UHPLC-MS/MS assay has been applied to early-pregnant women plasma samples allowing us to investigate MBG plasma levels. Thanks to the high specificity of the assay we were able to authenticate and certify the presence of endogenous MBG in early-pregnant women plasma with the use of the 7 selected specific mass transitions. These pioneering preliminary results are giving a promising perspective for early preeclampsia risk assessment in pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charline Lenaerts
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of medicine and pharmacy, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, Place du Parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Liz Bond
- Metabolomic Diagnostics, Little Island, Cork, Ireland
| | - Robin Tuytten
- Metabolomic Diagnostics, Little Island, Cork, Ireland
| | - Bertrand Blankert
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of medicine and pharmacy, Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, University of Mons, Place du Parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium.
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Steffensen IL, Frølich W, Dahl KH, Iversen PO, Lyche JL, Lillegaard ITL, Alexander J. Benefit and risk assessment of increasing potassium intake by replacement of sodium chloride with potassium chloride in industrial food products in Norway. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 111:329-340. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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