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Li Z, Wang X, Deng X, Song J, Yang T, Liao Y, Gong G, Huang L, Lu Y, Wang Z. High-sensitivity qualitative and quantitative analysis of human, bovine and goat milk glycosphingolipids using HILIC-MS/MS with internal standards. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 312:120795. [PMID: 37059535 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) in human milk regulate the immune system, support intestinal maturation, and prevent gut pathogens. The structural complexity and low abundance of GSLs limits their systematic analysis. Here, we coupled the use of monosialoganglioside 1-2-amino-N-(2-aminoethyl) benzamide (GM1-AEAB) derivatives as internal standards with HILIC-MS/MS to qualitatively and quantitatively compare GSLs in human, bovine, and goat milk. One neutral glycosphingolipid (GB) and 33 gangliosides were found in human milk, of which 22 were newly detected and three were fucosylated. Five GB and 26 gangliosides were identified in bovine milk, of which 21 were newly discovered. Four GB and 33 gangliosides were detected in goat milk, 23 of them newly reported. GM1 was the main GSL in human milk; whereas disialoganglioside 3 (GD3) and monosialogangloside 3 (GM3) were dominant in bovine and goat milk, respectively; N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) was detected in >88 % of GSLs in bovine and goat milk. N-hydroxyacetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc)-modified GSLs were 3.5 times more abundant in goat than in bovine milk; whereas GSLs modified with both Neu5Ac and Neu5Gc were 3 times more abundant in bovine than in goat milk. Given the health benefits of different GSLs, these results will facilitate the development of custom-designed human milk-based infant formula.
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2
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Chao HC, McLuckey SA. Manipulation of Ion Types via Gas-Phase Ion/Ion Chemistry for the Structural Characterization of the Glycan Moiety on Gangliosides. Anal Chem 2021; 93:15752-15760. [PMID: 34788022 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Gangliosides are the most abundant glycolipid among eukaryotic cell membranes and consist of a glycan head moiety containing one or more sialic acids and a ceramide chain. The analysis of the glycan moieties among different subclass gangliosides, including GM, GD, and GT gangliosides, remains a challenge for shotgun lipidomics. Here, we present a novel shotgun lipidomics approach employing gas-phase ion/ion chemistry. The gas-phase derivatization strategy provides a rapid way to manipulate the ion-types of the precursor ions, and, in conjunction with collision induced dissociation (CID), allows for the elucidation of the structures of the glycan moieties from gangliosides. In addition to the enhancement of structural characterization, gas-phase ion chemistry leads to a form of purification of the precursor ions prior to CID by neutralizing isobaric or isomeric ions with different charge states but with similar or identical m/z values. To demonstrate the proposed strategy, both deprotonated GM3 and GM1 gangliosides ([GM-H]-) were isolated and subjected to reaction with magnesium-Terpy complex cations ([Mg(Terpy)2]2+). The post-reaction product spectra show the elimination of possible contamination, illustrating the ability of charge-switching derivatization to purify the precursor ions. Isomeric differentiation between GD1a and GD1b was achieved by the sequential ion/ion reactions, with the CID of [GD1-H+Mg]+ showing diagnostic fragment ions from the isomers. Moreover, isomeric identification among GT1a, GT1b, and GT1c was accomplished while performing a gas-phase magnesium transfer reaction and CID. Lastly, the presented workflow was applied to ganglioside profiling in a porcine brain extract. In total, 34 gangliosides were profiled among only 20 precursor ion m/z values by resolving isomers. Furthermore, the fucosylation site on GM1 and GD1, and N-glycolylneuraminic acid conjugated GT1 isomers was identified. Relative quantification of isomeric two isomeric pairs, GD1a/b C36:1 and GD1a/b C38:1 was also achieved using pure component product ion spectra coupled with a total least-squares method. The results demonstrate the applicability and strength of using shotgun MS coupled with gas-phase ion/ion chemistry to characterize the glycan moiety structures on different subclasses of gangliosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsi-Chun Chao
- Department of Chemistry Purdue University 560 Oval Drive West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Scott A McLuckey
- Department of Chemistry Purdue University 560 Oval Drive West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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3
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Ali AH, Wei W, Wang X. A review of milk gangliosides: Occurrence, biosynthesis, identification, and nutritional and functional significance. INT J DAIRY TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0307.12816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdelmoneim H Ali
- Department of Food Science Faculty of Agriculture Zagazig University Zagazig 44511 Egypt
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Wei Wei
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China
| | - Xingguo Wang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Lipid Nutrition and Safety Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Wuxi 214122 China
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4
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Sarbu M, Ica R, Zamfir AD. Developments and applications of separation and microfluidics methods coupled to electrospray mass spectrometry in glycomics of nervous system gangliosides. Electrophoresis 2021; 42:429-449. [PMID: 33314304 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202000236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Gangliosides are particularly abundant in the nervous system (NS) where their pattern and structure in a certain milieu or a defined region exhibit a pronounced specificity. Since gangliosides are useful biomarkers for diagnosis of NS ailments, a clear-cut mapping of individual components represents a prerequisite for designing ganglioside-based diagnostic procedures, treatments, or vaccines. These bioclinical aspects and the high diversity of ganglioside species claim for development of specific analytical strategies. This review summarizes the state-of-the-art in the implementation of separation techniques and microfluidics coupled to MS, which have contributed significantly to the advancement of the field. In the first part, the review discusses relevant approaches based on HPLC MS and CE coupled to ESI MS and their applications in the characterization of gangliosides expressed in healthy and diseased NS. A considerable section is dedicated to microfluidics MS and ion mobility separation MS, developed for the study of brain gangliosidome and its changes triggered by various factors, as well as for ganglioside biomarker discovery in neurodegenerative diseases and brain cancer. In the last part of the review, the benefits and perspectives in ganglioside research of these high-performance techniques are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirela Sarbu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Raluca Ica
- National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, Timisoara, Romania.,Department of Physics, West University of Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alina D Zamfir
- National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, Timisoara, Romania.,Department of Technical and Natural Sciences, "Aurel Vlaicu" University of Arad, Arad, Romania
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5
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Malinick AS, Lambert AS, Stuart DD, Li B, Puente E, Cheng Q. Detection of Multiple Sclerosis Biomarkers in Serum by Ganglioside Microarrays and Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging. ACS Sens 2020; 5:3617-3626. [PMID: 33115236 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c01935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease that damages the myelin sheaths of nerve cells in the central nervous system. An individual suffering from MS produces increased levels of antibodies that target cell membrane components, such as phospholipids, gangliosides, and membrane proteins. Among them, anti-ganglioside antibodies are considered as important biomarkers to differentiate MS from other diseases that exhibit similar symptoms. We report here a label-free method for detecting a series of antibodies against gangliosides in serum by surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRi) in combination with a carbohydrate microarray. The ganglioside array was fabricated with a plasmonically tuned, background-free biochip, and coated with a perfluorodecyltrichlorosilane (PFDTS) layer for antigen attachment as a self-assembled pseudo-myelin sheath. The chip was characterized with AFM and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry, demonstrating effective functionalization of the surface. SPRi measurements of patients' mimicking blood samples were conducted. A multiplexed detection of antibodies for anti-GT1b, anti-GM1, and anti-GA1 in serum was demonstrated, with a working range of 1 to 100 ng/mL, suggesting that it is well suited for clinical assessment of antibody abnormality in MS patients. Statistical analyses, including PLS-DA and PCA show the array allows comprehensive characterization of cross reactivity patterns between the MS specific antibodies and can generate a wide range of information compared to traditional end point assays. This work uses PFDTS surface functionalization and enables direct MS biomarker detection in serum, offering a powerful alternative for MS assessment and potentially improved patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S. Malinick
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Alexander S. Lambert
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Daniel D. Stuart
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Bochao Li
- Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Ellie Puente
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
- Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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6
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Mernie EG, Tolesa LD, Lee MJ, Tseng MC, Chen YJ. Direct Oligosaccharide Profiling Using Thin-Layer Chromatography Coupled with Ionic Liquid-Stabilized Nanomatrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2019; 91:11544-11552. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elias Gizaw Mernie
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Leta Deressa Tolesa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jer Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chun Tseng
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, Soochow University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ju Chen
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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7
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Jackson SN, Muller L, Roux A, Oktem B, Moskovets E, Doroshenko VM, Woods AS. AP-MALDI Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Gangliosides Using 2,6-Dihydroxyacetophenone. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2018; 29:1463-1472. [PMID: 29549666 PMCID: PMC7549319 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-018-1928-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser/desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is widely used as a unique tool to record the distribution of a large range of biomolecules in tissues. 2,6-Dihydroxyacetophenone (DHA) matrix has been shown to provide efficient ionization of lipids, especially gangliosides. The major drawback for DHA as it applies to MS imaging is that it sublimes under vacuum (low pressure) at the extended time necessary to complete both high spatial and mass resolution MSI studies of whole organs. To overcome the problem of sublimation, we used an atmospheric pressure (AP)-MALDI source to obtain high spatial resolution images of lipids in the brain using a high mass resolution mass spectrometer. Additionally, the advantages of atmospheric pressure and DHA for imaging gangliosides are highlighted. The imaging of [M-H]- and [M-H2O-H]- mass peaks for GD1 gangliosides showed different distribution, most likely reflecting the different spatial distribution of GD1a and GD1b species in the brain. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelley N Jackson
- Integrative Neuroscience, NIDA IRP, NIH, 333 Cassell Drive, Room 1119, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
| | - Ludovic Muller
- Integrative Neuroscience, NIDA IRP, NIH, 333 Cassell Drive, Room 1119, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Aurelie Roux
- Integrative Neuroscience, NIDA IRP, NIH, 333 Cassell Drive, Room 1119, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | | | | | | | - Amina S Woods
- Integrative Neuroscience, NIDA IRP, NIH, 333 Cassell Drive, Room 1119, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
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8
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Calvano CD, Glaciale M, Palmisano F, Cataldi TRI. Glycosphingolipidomics of donkey milk by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled to ESI and multistage MS. Electrophoresis 2018; 39:1634-1644. [PMID: 29460962 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled to negative-ion electrospray linear ion-trap multiple-stage MS (HILIC-ESI-MSn , n = 2,3) was used to characterize polar lipids occurring in donkey milk. Besides the detection of abundant phospholipids, the structural characterization and content evaluation of minor glycosphingolipids (GSLs) were assessed. We report an unprecedented characterization of 11 hexosyl-ceramides (HexCer), 10 Hex2 Cer, and 4 Hex3 Cer. CID-MS/MS spectra in negative ion mode mainly afford information on the monosaccharide number and ceramide constitution (i.e., N-acyl residue and long-chain base), whereas MS/MS/MS spectra on the ceramide anions allow to recognize for each GSL the sphingoid base. The occurrence of sphingosine (S), sphinganine (DS), and phytosphingosine (P) was inferred from the fragmentation patterns. The milk samples exhibit a relatively high number of phytosphingosine substitutes, perhaps because of the feeding of donkeys, mainly based on pasture grass. However, the incidence of hydroxylated species on the α-carbon of the acyl chain was also revealed. The fatty acid composition of N-acyl chains showed high values of long-chain saturated fatty acids such as 20:0, 22:0, 23:0, and 24:0. An average content of GSL is also provided and three representative mono-, di-, and tri-HexCer in donkey milk are the following: HexCer 18:0/24:1 phytosphingosine nonhydroxylated [PN] at m/z 862.6 as chloride adduct [M+Cl]- , and content 225.9 ± 2.8 μg 100 mL-1 ; Hex2 Cer 18:0/16:0 sphinganine nonhydroxylated [DSN] at m/z 862.7 as deprotonated adduct [M-H]- , and content 70.8 ± 1.4 μg 100 mL-1 ; and Hex3 Cer 18:1/24:1 [SN] at m/z 1132.8 as [M-H]- , and content 38.5 ± 0.7 μg 100 mL-1 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosima Damiana Calvano
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.,Centro Interdipartimentale SMART, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Glaciale
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Palmisano
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.,Centro Interdipartimentale SMART, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Tommaso R I Cataldi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy.,Centro Interdipartimentale SMART, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
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9
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Cozma II, Sarbu M, Ilie C, Zamfir AD. Structural analysis by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry of GT1 ganglioside fraction isolated from fetal brain. J Carbohydr Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/07328303.2017.1397680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Irma I. Cozma
- Department of Neonatology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
- National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Mirela Sarbu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, Timisoara, Romania
- Department of the Analysis and Modeling of Biological Systems, “Aurel Vlaicu” University of Arad, Arad, Romania
| | - Constantin Ilie
- Department of Neonatology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alina D. Zamfir
- National Institute for Research and Development in Electrochemistry and Condensed Matter, Timisoara, Romania
- Department of the Analysis and Modeling of Biological Systems, “Aurel Vlaicu” University of Arad, Arad, Romania
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10
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A Simple, High-Throughput Method for Analysis of Ceramide, Glucosylceramide, and Ceramide Trihexoside in Dried Blood Spots by LC/MS/MS. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1378:263-72. [PMID: 26602138 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3182-8_28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A unique monophasic extraction system coupled with LC/MS/MS to reduce matrix effects for sphingolipid analysis was developed. A solvent mixture of methanol, acetonitrile, and water was identified to simultaneously extract multiple sphingolipids with broad polarity range. To reduce matrix effects, the targeted sphingolipids were analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). The extraction solvent was used as an isocratic mobile phase in chromatographic separation to eliminate solvent exchange steps and enable high-throughput multiple lipid assay. The assay is linear for ceramide from 0.6 to 9 μg/mL with bias <15 %. The intra-assay coefficient of variation is less than 10 % for concentrations from 1.2 to 9 μg/mL, and less than 25 % for concentrations below 1.2 μg/mL. For glucosylceramide and ceramide trihexoside the linear range is 0.05-3 μg/mL with biases <10 % and <20 %, respectively. The intra-assay coefficient of variation for these analytes is less than 10 % at concentrations from 0.4 to 3 μg/mL, and less than 25 % for concentrations below 0.4 μg/mL.
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11
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Batubara A, Carolan VA, Loadman PM, Sutton C, Shnyder SD, Clench MR. Thin-layer chromatography/matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry imaging for the analysis of phospholipids in LS174T colorectal adenocarcinoma xenografts treated with the vascular disrupting agent DMXAA. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2015; 29:1288-1296. [PMID: 26405790 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE 5,6-Dimethylxanthenone-4-acetic acid (DMXAA) is a low molecular weight drug of the flavonoid group, which has an anti-vascular effect in tumours causing endothelial cell apoptosis and activation of cytokines. Flavonoid-based compounds have been reported to lead to an upregulation in the expression of lysophosphatidylcholines (LPC)-type lipids in solid tumours. A study employing TLC/MALDI-MS and MALDI-MS imaging to examine LS174T colorectal adenocarcinoma xenografts following administration of DMXAA has been conducted into this effect. METHODS LS174T colorectal adenocarcinoma xenografts grown in male immune-deficient mice were treated with 27.5 mg/kg DMXAA. The control (before treatment) and 4 h and 24 h post-treatment tumours were excised and divided into two. MALDI-MS imaging experiments were carried out on 12 µm cryosections sections taken from one half of the tumours and from the other half the lipids were extracted and analysed by TLC/MALDI-MS. These experiments were carried out in triplicate. RESULTS Statistical analysis of the MALDI-MS imaging data set indicated an increased amount of LPC in the 24 h post-treated sample and a decreased amount of PC in the 24 h post-treated sample, compared with the 4 h post-treated sample and the control. These effects were confirmed by the TLC/MALDI-MS data. The lipid extracts were separated into six spots on the TLC plate. These were identified as arising from different lipids classes, i.e. LPC, sphingomyelins (SM), phosphatidylcholines (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamines (PE). The TLC/MALDI-MS data indicated that LPC were highly expressed in the 4 h and 24 h post-treated tumour samples compared with the control. Examination of the mass spectrometric images confirms this increase and demonstrates additionally that the increase in the signals arising from LPC appears to be localised primarily within the central areas of the xenograft. CONCLUSIONS An increase in expression of LPC lipids in solid tumours treated with DMXAA has been demonstrated and shown to be localised in the central area of the tumour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afnan Batubara
- Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Howard Street, Sheffield, S1 1WB, UK
| | - Vikki A Carolan
- Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Howard Street, Sheffield, S1 1WB, UK
| | - Paul M Loadman
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Chris Sutton
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Steve D Shnyder
- Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Malcolm R Clench
- Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Howard Street, Sheffield, S1 1WB, UK
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12
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Groux-Degroote S, Guérardel Y, Julien S, Delannoy P. Gangliosides in breast cancer: New perspectives. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2015; 80:808-19. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297915070020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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13
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Park H, Zhou Y, Costello CE. Direct analysis of sialylated or sulfated glycosphingolipids and other polar and neutral lipids using TLC-MS interfaces. J Lipid Res 2014; 55:773-81. [PMID: 24482490 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.d046128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Gangliosides and sulfatides (STs) are acidic glycosphingolipids (GSLs) that have one or more sialic acids or sulfate substituents, in addition to neutral sugars, attached to the C-1 hydroxyl group of the ceramide long chain base. TLC is a widely employed and convenient technique for separation and characterization of GSLs. When TLC is directly coupled to MS, it provides both the molecular mass and structural information without further purification. Here, after development of the TLC plates, the structural analyses of acidic GSLs, including gangliosides and STs, were investigated using the liquid extraction surface analysis (LESA™) and CAMAG TLC-MS interfaces coupled to an ESI QSTAR Pulsar i quadrupole orthogonal TOF mass spectrometer. Coupling TLC with ESI-MS allowed the acquisition of high resolution mass spectra of the acidic GSLs with high sensitivity and mass accuracy, without the loss of sialic acid residues that frequently occurs during low-pressure MALDI MS. These systems were then applied to the analysis of total lipid extracts from bovine brain. This allowed profiling of many different lipid classes, not only gangliosides and STs, but also SMs, neutral GSLs, and phospholipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejung Park
- Mass Spectrometry Resource and Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118
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14
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Škrášková K, Heeren RM. A review of complementary separation methods and matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-mass spectrometry imaging: Lowering sample complexity. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1319:1-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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15
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Trimpin S, Wang B, Lietz CB, Marshall DD, Richards AL, Inutan ED. New ionization processes and applications for use in mass spectrometry. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2013; 48:409-29. [DOI: 10.3109/10409238.2013.806887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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16
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Fuchs B. Analysis of phospolipids and glycolipids by thin-layer chromatography-matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1259:62-73. [PMID: 22503924 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.03.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2011] [Revised: 03/14/2012] [Accepted: 03/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Thin-layer chromatography-matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization mass spectrometry (TLC-MALDI-MS) of organic extracts from biological samples allows untargeted analysis and structural characterization of phospholipids and glycolipids ionized from the near-surface region of a sample separated on a TLC-plate. In particular, MALDI-MS enables the sensitive detection of many analytes directly from the solid surface of an ordinary TLC-plate even without previous staining. It will be shown that the detailed fatty acyl composition of phospholipids can be determined solely by TLC-MALDI-MS without previous derivatization, enzymatic cleavage and/or reversed phase separation. MALDI-time-of-flight (TOF) MS is thus a powerful method in this field due to its high sensitivity, low extent of induced fragmentation and simple, user-friendly performance. This review summarizes the so far available knowledge about combined TLC-MALDI-MS for phospholipid and glycolipid characterization together with the technical workflow and a survey of applications. Finally a perspective on the future of TLC-MALDI-MS is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beate Fuchs
- University of Leipzig, Medical Department, Institute of Medical Physics & Biophysics, Härtelstr. 16/18, D-04107 Leipzig, Germany.
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17
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Ito E, Tominaga A, Waki H, Miseki K, Tomioka A, Nakajima K, Kakehi K, Suzuki M, Taniguchi N, Suzuki A. Structural Characterization of Monosialo-, Disialo- and Trisialo-gangliosides by Negative Ion AP-MALDI-QIT-TOF Mass Spectrometry with MSn Switching. Neurochem Res 2012; 37:1315-24. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-012-0735-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2011] [Revised: 12/19/2011] [Accepted: 02/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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18
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Richards AL, Lietz CB, Wager-Miller J, Mackie K, Trimpin S. Localization and imaging of gangliosides in mouse brain tissue sections by laserspray ionization inlet. J Lipid Res 2012; 53:1390-8. [PMID: 22262808 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.d019711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A new ionization method for the analysis of fragile gangliosides without undesired fragmentation or salt adduction is presented. In laserspray ionization inlet (LSII), the matrix/analyte sample is ablated at atmospheric pressure, and ionization takes place in the ion transfer capillary of the mass spectrometer inlet by a process that is independent of a laser wavelength or voltage. The softness of LSII allows the identification of gangliosides up to GQ1 with negligible sialic acid loss. This is of importance to the field of MS imaging, as undesired fragmentation has made it difficult to accurately map the spatial distribution of fragile ganglioside lipids in tissue. Proof-of-principle structural characterization of endogenous gangliosides using MS(n) fragmentation of multiply charged negative ions on a LTQ Velos and subsequent imaging of the GD1 ganglioside is demonstrated. This is the first report of multiply charged negative ions using inlet ionization. We find that GD1 is detected at higher levels in the mouse cortex and hippocampus compared with the thalamus. In LSII with the laser aligned in transmission geometry relative to the inlet, images were obtained in approximately 60 min using an inexpensive nitrogen laser.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia L Richards
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
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19
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Thin-layer chromatography, overlay technique and mass spectrometry: A versatile triad advancing glycosphingolipidomics. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2011; 1811:875-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2011.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2011] [Revised: 03/18/2011] [Accepted: 04/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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20
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Berry KAZ, Hankin JA, Barkley RM, Spraggins JM, Caprioli RM, Murphy RC. MALDI imaging of lipid biochemistry in tissues by mass spectrometry. Chem Rev 2011; 111:6491-512. [PMID: 21942646 PMCID: PMC3199966 DOI: 10.1021/cr200280p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 288] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karin A. Zemski Berry
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Denver, Mail Stop 8303, 12801 E. 17 Ave., Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Joseph A. Hankin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Denver, Mail Stop 8303, 12801 E. 17 Ave., Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Robert M. Barkley
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Denver, Mail Stop 8303, 12801 E. 17 Ave., Aurora, CO 80045
| | - Jeffrey M. Spraggins
- Department of Biochemistry and Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University, 9160 MRB 3, 465 21 Ave. S., Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Richard M. Caprioli
- Department of Biochemistry and Mass Spectrometry Research Center, Vanderbilt University, 9160 MRB 3, 465 21 Ave. S., Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Robert C. Murphy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Denver, Mail Stop 8303, 12801 E. 17 Ave., Aurora, CO 80045
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21
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Merrill AH. Sphingolipid and glycosphingolipid metabolic pathways in the era of sphingolipidomics. Chem Rev 2011; 111:6387-422. [PMID: 21942574 PMCID: PMC3191729 DOI: 10.1021/cr2002917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 546] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alfred H Merrill
- School of Biology, and the Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0230, USA.
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22
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High-performance thin-layer chromatography/mass spectrometry for the analysis of neutral glycosphingolipids. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2011; 1811:861-74. [PMID: 21740982 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2011.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2011] [Revised: 06/08/2011] [Accepted: 06/15/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
This mini-review summarizes the protocol we have developed for the analysis of neutral glycosphingolipids (GSLs) by high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC)-mass spectrometry (MS). We also present results obtained using this glycolipidomic approach to study neutral GSLs from mouse kidney, spleen, and small intestine. Finally, we discuss what is required for further development of this method, as well as what is expected for the future of glycolipid biology.
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23
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Desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for lipid characterization and biological tissue imaging. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2011; 1811:946-60. [PMID: 21645635 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2011.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2011] [Revised: 04/29/2011] [Accepted: 05/13/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (DESI-MS) imaging of biological samples allows untargeted analysis and structural characterization of lipids ionized from the near-surface region of a sample under ambient conditions. DESI is a powerful and sensitive MS ionization method for 2D and 3D imaging of lipids from direct and unmodified complex biological samples. This review describes the strengths and limitations of DESI-MS for lipid characterization and imaging together with the technical workflow and a survey of applications. Included are discussions of lipid mapping and biomarker discovery as well as a perspective on the future of DESI imaging.
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24
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Sisu E, Flangea C, Serb A, Rizzi A, Zamfir AD. High-performance separation techniques hyphenated to mass spectrometry for ganglioside analysis. Electrophoresis 2011; 32:1591-609. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201100067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2011] [Revised: 03/09/2011] [Accepted: 03/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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25
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Cheng SC, Huang MZ, Shiea J. Thin layer chromatography/mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:2700-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.01.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2010] [Revised: 01/24/2011] [Accepted: 01/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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26
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Aizikov K, Smith DF, Chargin DA, Ivanov S, Lin TY, Heeren RMA, O'Connor PB. Vacuum compatible sample positioning device for matrix assisted laser desorption∕ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry imaging. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2011; 82:054102. [PMID: 21639522 PMCID: PMC3117896 DOI: 10.1063/1.3594099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2011] [Accepted: 05/03/2011] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The high mass accuracy and resolving power of Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometers (FT-ICR MS) make them ideal mass detectors for mass spectrometry imaging (MSI), promising to provide unmatched molecular resolution capabilities. The intrinsic low tolerance of FT-ICR MS to RF interference, however, along with typically vertical positioning of the sample, and MSI acquisition speed requirements present numerous engineering challenges in creating robotics capable of achieving the spatial resolution to match. This work discusses a two-dimensional positioning stage designed to address these issues. The stage is capable of operating in ∼1 × 10(-8) mbar vacuum. The range of motion is set to 100 mm × 100 mm to accommodate large samples, while the positioning accuracy is demonstrated to be less than 0.4 micron in both directions under vertical load over the entire range. This device was integrated into three different matrix assisted laser desorption∕ionization (MALDI) FT-ICR instruments and showed no detectable RF noise. The "oversampling" MALDI-MSI experiments, under which the sample is completely ablated at each position, followed by the target movement of the distance smaller than the laser beam, conducted on the custom-built 7T FT-ICR MS demonstrate the stability and positional accuracy of the stage robotics which delivers high spatial resolution mass spectral images at a fraction of the laser spot diameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Aizikov
- Cardiovascular Proteomics Center, Boston University School of Medicine, 670 Albany Street, Room 504 Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
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27
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Urban PL, Amantonico A, Zenobi R. Lab-on-a-plate: extending the functionality of MALDI-MS and LDI-MS targets. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2011; 30:435-478. [PMID: 21254192 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We review the literature that describes how (matrix-assisted) laser desorption/ionization (MA)LDI target plates can be used not only as sample supports, but beyond that: as functional parts of analytical protocols that incorporate detection by MALDI-MS or matrix-free LDI-MS. Numerous steps of analytical procedures can be performed directly on the (MA)LDI target plates prior to the ionization of analytes in the ion source of a mass spectrometer. These include homogenization, preconcentration, amplification, purification, extraction, digestion, derivatization, synthesis, separation, detection with complementary techniques, data storage, or other steps. Therefore, we consider it helpful to define the "lab-on-a-plate" as a format for carrying out extensive sample treatment as well as bioassays directly on (MA)LDI target plates. This review introduces the lab-on-plate approach and illustrates it with the aid of relevant examples from the scientific and patent literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel L Urban
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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28
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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: an update for the period 2005-2006. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2011; 30:1-100. [PMID: 20222147 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This review is the fourth update of the original review, published in 1999, on the application of MALDI mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2006. The review covers fundamental studies, fragmentation of carbohydrate ions, method developments, and applications of the technique to the analysis of different types of carbohydrate. Specific compound classes that are covered include carbohydrate polymers from plants, N- and O-linked glycans from glycoproteins, glycated proteins, glycolipids from bacteria, glycosides, and various other natural products. There is a short section on the use of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry for the study of enzymes involved in glycan processing, a section on industrial processes, particularly the development of biopharmaceuticals and a section on the use of MALDI-MS to monitor products of chemical synthesis of carbohydrates. Large carbohydrate-protein complexes and glycodendrimers are highlighted in this final section.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Department of Biochemistry, Oxford Glycobiology Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK.
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29
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Jackson SN, Colsch B, Egan T, Lewis EK, Schultz JA, Woods AS. Gangliosides' analysis by MALDI-ion mobility MS. Analyst 2010; 136:463-6. [PMID: 21113547 DOI: 10.1039/c0an00732c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The combination of ion mobility with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization allows for the rapid separation and analysis of biomolecules in complex mixtures (such as tissue sections and cellular extracts), as isobaric lipid, peptide, and oligonucleotide molecular ions are pre-separated in the mobility cell before mass analysis. In this study, MALDI-IM MS is used to analyze gangliosides, a class of complex glycosphingolipids that has different degrees of sialylation. Both GD1a and GD1b, structural isomers, were studied to see the effects on gas-phase structure depending upon the localization of the sialic acids. A total ganglioside extract from mouse brain was also analyzed to measure the effectiveness of ion mobility to separate out the different ganglioside species in a complex mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelley N Jackson
- NIDA IRP, NIH, Structural Biology Unit, Cellular Neurobiology Branch, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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30
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Wiseman JM, Li JB. Elution, Partial Separation, and Identification of Lipids Directly from Tissue Slices on Planar Chromatography Media by Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2010; 82:8866-74. [DOI: 10.1021/ac1016453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jessica B. Li
- Prosolia, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
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31
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Fuchs B, Süss R, Schiller J. An update of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry in lipid research. Prog Lipid Res 2010; 49:450-75. [PMID: 20643161 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2010.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2010] [Revised: 06/29/2010] [Accepted: 07/01/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Although matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry (MS)--often but not exclusively coupled with a time-of-flight (TOF) mass analyzer--is primarily established in the protein field, there is increasing evidence that MALDI MS is also very useful in lipid research: MALDI MS is fast, sensitive, tolerates sample impurities to a relatively high extent and provides very simple mass spectra without major fragmentation of the analyte. Additionally, MALDI MS devices originally purchased for "proteomics" can be used also for lipids without the need of major system alterations. After a short introduction into the method and the related ion-forming process, the MALDI mass spectrometric characteristics of the individual lipid (ranging from completely apolar hydrocarbons to complex glycolipids with the focus on glycerophospholipids) classes will be discussed and the progress achieved in the last years emphasized. Special attention will be paid to quantitative aspects of MALDI MS because this is normally considered to be the "weak" point of the method, particularly if complex lipid mixtures are to be analyzed. Although the detailed role of the matrix is not yet completely clear, it will be also explicitly shown that the careful choice of the matrix is crucial in order to be able to detect all compounds of interest. Two rather recent developments will be highlighted: "Imaging" MS is nowadays widely established and significant interest is paid in this context to the analysis of lipids because lipids ionize particularly well and are, thus, more sensitively detectable in tissue slices than other biomolecules such as proteins. It will also be shown that MALDI MS can be very easily combined with thin-layer chromatography (TLC) allowing the spatially-resolved screening of the entire TLC plate and the detection of lipids with a higher sensitivity than common staining protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beate Fuchs
- University of Leipzig, Medical Department, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Härtelstrasse 16-18, Germany
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32
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Müthing J, Distler U. Advances on the compositional analysis of glycosphingolipids combining thin-layer chromatography with mass spectrometry. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2010; 29:425-479. [PMID: 19609886 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids (GSLs), composed of a hydrophilic carbohydrate chain and a lipophilic ceramide anchor, play pivotal roles in countless biological processes, including infectious diseases and the development of cancer. Knowledge of the number and sequence of monosaccharides and their anomeric configuration and linkage type, which make up the principal items of the glyco code of biologically active carbohydrate chains, is essential for exploring the function of GSLs. As part of the investigation of the vertebrate glycome, GSL analysis is undergoing rapid expansion owing to the application of novel biochemical and biophysical technologies. Mass spectrometry (MS) takes part in the network of collaborations to further unravel structural and functional aspects within the fascinating world of GSLs with the ultimate aim to better define their role in human health and disease. However, a single-method analytical MS technique without supporting tools is limited yielding only partial structural information. Because of its superior resolving power, robustness, and easy handling, high-performance thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is widely used as an invaluable tool in GSL analysis. The intention of this review is to give an insight into current advances obtained by coupling supplementary techniques such as TLC and mass spectrometry. A retrospective view of the development of this concept and the recent improvements by merging (1) TLC separation of GSLs, (2) their detection with oligosaccharide-specific proteins, and (3) in situ MS analysis of protein-detected GSLs directly on the TLC plate, are provided. The procedure works on a nanogram scale and was successfully applied to the identification of cancer-associated GSLs in several types of human tumors. The combination of these two supplementary techniques opens new doors by delivering specific structural information of trace quantities of GSLs with only limited investment in sample preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Müthing
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 41, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
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33
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Li Y, Arigi E, Eichert H, Levery SB. Mass spectrometry of fluorocarbon-labeled glycosphingolipids. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2010; 45:504-519. [PMID: 20301184 DOI: 10.1002/jms.1734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A method for generation of novel fluorocarbon derivatives of glycosphingolipids (GSLs) with high affinity for fluorocarbon phases has been developed, and their potential applications to mass spectrometry (MS)-based methodologies for glycosphingolipidomics have been investigated. Sphingolipid ceramide N-deacylase (SCDase) is used to remove the fatty acid from the ceramide moiety, after which a fluorocarbon-rich substituent (F-Tag) is incorporated at the free amine of the sphingoid. In initial trials, a neutral GSL, globotriaosylceramide (Gb(3)Cer), three purified bovine brain gangliosides, and four fungal glycosylinositol phosphorylceramides (GIPCs) were de-N-acylated, derivatized by prototype F-Tags, and recovered by solid phase extraction on fluorocarbon-derivatized silica (F-SPE). The efficacy of SCDase treatment of GIPCs was here demonstrated for the first time. Compatibility with subsequent per-N,O-methylation was established for the F-tagged Gb(3) Cer and purified gangliosides, and extensive mass spectra (MS(1) and MS(2)) consistent with all of the expected products were acquired. The potential use of F-tagged derivatives for a comprehensive MS based profiling application was then demonstrated on a crude ganglioside mixture extracted from bovine brain. Finally, a simple trial in microarray format demonstrated fixation of F-tagged G(M1) ganglioside to a fluorous glass surface, with the glycan intact and available for interaction with a fluorescent derivative of cholera toxin B chain. The methods described thus provide a new avenue for rapid GSL recovery or cleanup, potentially compatible with a variety of platforms for mass spectrometric profiling and structure analysis, as well as parallel analysis of functional interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunsen Li
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824-3598, USA
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34
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Colsch B, Woods AS. Localization and imaging of sialylated glycosphingolipids in brain tissue sections by MALDI mass spectrometry. Glycobiology 2010; 20:661-7. [PMID: 20190299 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwq031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we describe a simple and efficient method for mapping the distribution and localization of all sialylated sphingoglycolipids present in coronal mouse brain sections using a conventional axial matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight. A single scan of a histological tissue section gives a complete profile of ganglioside species without derivatization or labeling. We have developed and tested a new matrix preparation (2,6-dihydroxyacetophenone [DHA]/ammonium sulfate/heptafluorobutyric acid [HFBA]) to maximize the detection of all ganglioside species; the ammonium sulfate limits the formation of salt adducts, while the addition of HFBA increases the stability of DHA in a vacuum, thus facilitating imaging applications. Our results, in both extracted samples and whole tissue sections using negative ion reflectron and linear modes, show differences in localization in several brain regions depending on the sialic acids and the ceramide-associated core gangliosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Colsch
- Cellular Neurobiology, NIDA IRP, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
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35
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Determination of sialic acid and gangliosides in biological samples and dairy products: A review. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2010; 51:346-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2009.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2009] [Revised: 04/17/2009] [Accepted: 04/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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36
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Zarei M, Muthing J, Peter-Katalinic J, Bindila L. Separation and identification of GM1b pathway Neu5Ac- and Neu5Gc gangliosides by on-line nanoHPLC-QToF MS and tandem MS: toward glycolipidomics screening of animal cell lines. Glycobiology 2009; 20:118-26. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwp154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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37
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Meisen I, Distler U, Müthing J, Berkenkamp S, Dreisewerd K, Mathys W, Karch H, Mormann M. Direct Coupling of High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography with UV Spectroscopy and IR-MALDI Orthogonal TOF MS for the Analysis of Cyanobacterial Toxins. Anal Chem 2009; 81:3858-66. [DOI: 10.1021/ac900217q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iris Meisen
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 41, D-48149 Münster, Germany, Sequenom GmbH, Mendelssohnstrasse 15 d, 22761 Hamburg, Germany, and Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 31, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Ute Distler
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 41, D-48149 Münster, Germany, Sequenom GmbH, Mendelssohnstrasse 15 d, 22761 Hamburg, Germany, and Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 31, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Johannes Müthing
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 41, D-48149 Münster, Germany, Sequenom GmbH, Mendelssohnstrasse 15 d, 22761 Hamburg, Germany, and Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 31, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Stefan Berkenkamp
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 41, D-48149 Münster, Germany, Sequenom GmbH, Mendelssohnstrasse 15 d, 22761 Hamburg, Germany, and Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 31, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Klaus Dreisewerd
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 41, D-48149 Münster, Germany, Sequenom GmbH, Mendelssohnstrasse 15 d, 22761 Hamburg, Germany, and Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 31, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Werner Mathys
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 41, D-48149 Münster, Germany, Sequenom GmbH, Mendelssohnstrasse 15 d, 22761 Hamburg, Germany, and Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 31, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Helge Karch
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 41, D-48149 Münster, Germany, Sequenom GmbH, Mendelssohnstrasse 15 d, 22761 Hamburg, Germany, and Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 31, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Michael Mormann
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 41, D-48149 Münster, Germany, Sequenom GmbH, Mendelssohnstrasse 15 d, 22761 Hamburg, Germany, and Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 31, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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38
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Soltwisch J, Souady J, Berkenkamp S, Dreisewerd K. Effect of Gas Pressure and Gas Type on the Fragmentation of Peptide and Oligosaccharide Ions Generated in an Elevated Pressure UV/IR-MALDI Ion Source Coupled to an Orthogonal Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer. Anal Chem 2009; 81:2921-34. [DOI: 10.1021/ac802301s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Soltwisch
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 31, 48149 Münster, Germany, and Sequenom GmbH, Hamburg, Mendelssohnstrasse 15d, 22781 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jamal Souady
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 31, 48149 Münster, Germany, and Sequenom GmbH, Hamburg, Mendelssohnstrasse 15d, 22781 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Berkenkamp
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 31, 48149 Münster, Germany, and Sequenom GmbH, Hamburg, Mendelssohnstrasse 15d, 22781 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Dreisewerd
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 31, 48149 Münster, Germany, and Sequenom GmbH, Hamburg, Mendelssohnstrasse 15d, 22781 Hamburg, Germany
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39
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Pfenninger A, Chan SY, Karas M, Finke B, Stahl B, Costello CE. Mass spectrometric detection of multiple extended series of neutral highly fucosylated N-acetyllactosamine oligosaccharides in human milk. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY 2008; 278:129-136. [PMID: 23538872 PMCID: PMC3607386 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijms.2008.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Complex mixtures of high molecular weight fractions of pooled neutral human milk oligosaccharides (obtained via gel permeation chromatography) have been investigated. The subfractions were each permethylated and analyzed by high-resolution mass spectrometry, using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)-Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) mass spectrometry, in order to investigate their oligosaccharide compositions. The obtained spectra reveal that human milk contains more complex neutral oligosaccharides than have been described previously; the data show that these oligosaccharides can be highly fucosylated, and that their poly-N-acetyllactosamine cores are substituted with up to 10 fucose residues on a an oligosaccharide that has 7-N-acetyllactosamine units. This is the first report of the existence in human milk of this large range of highly fucosylated oligosaccharides which possess novel, potentially immunologically active structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Pfenninger
- Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Depts. of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, 670 Albany Street, Room 511, Boston, MA 02118-2646, USA
- Inst. für Pharmazeutische Chemie, JW Goethe Univ. of Frankfurt, Marie-Curie-Str. 9-11, Frankfurt a. Main 60439, Germany
| | - Shiu-Yung Chan
- Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Depts. of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, 670 Albany Street, Room 511, Boston, MA 02118-2646, USA
| | - Michael Karas
- Inst. für Pharmazeutische Chemie, JW Goethe Univ. of Frankfurt, Marie-Curie-Str. 9-11, Frankfurt a. Main 60439, Germany
| | - Berndt Finke
- Danone Research - Centre for Specialised Nutrition, Bahnstrasse 14-30, Friedrichsdorf Hessen 61381, Germany
| | - Bernd Stahl
- Danone Research - Centre for Specialised Nutrition, Bahnstrasse 14-30, Friedrichsdorf Hessen 61381, Germany
| | - Catherine E. Costello
- Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Depts. of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, 670 Albany Street, Room 511, Boston, MA 02118-2646, USA
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Shaner RL, Allegood JC, Park H, Wang E, Kelly S, Haynes CA, Sullards MC, Merrill AH. Quantitative analysis of sphingolipids for lipidomics using triple quadrupole and quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometers. J Lipid Res 2008; 50:1692-707. [PMID: 19036716 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.d800051-jlr200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 325] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids are a highly diverse category of bioactive compounds. This article describes methods that have been validated for the extraction, liquid chromatographic (LC) separation, identification and quantitation of sphingolipids by electrospray ionization, tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) using triple quadrupole (QQQ, API 3000) and quadrupole-linear-ion trap (API 4000 QTrap, operating in QQQ mode) mass spectrometers. Advantages of the QTrap included: greater sensitivity, similar ionization efficiencies for sphingolipids with ceramide versus dihydroceramide backbones, and the ability to identify the ceramide backbone of sphingomyelins using a pseudo-MS3 protocol. Compounds that can be readily quantified using an internal standard cocktail developed by the LIPID MAPS Consortium are: sphingoid bases and sphingoid base 1-phosphates, more complex species such as ceramides, ceramide 1-phosphates, sphingomyelins, mono- and di-hexosylceramides, and these complex sphingolipids with dihydroceramide backbones. With minor modifications, glucosylceramides and galactosylceramides can be distinguished, and more complex species such as sulfatides can also be quantified, when the internal standards are available. LC ESI-MS/MS can be utilized to quantify a large number of structural and signaling sphingolipids using commercially available internal standards. The application of these methods is illustrated with RAW264.7 cells, a mouse macrophage cell line. These methods should be useful for a wide range of focused (sphingo)lipidomic investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Shaner
- Schools of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0230, USA
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Almeida R, Mosoarca C, Chirita M, Udrescu V, Dinca N, Vukelić Ž, Allen M, Zamfir AD. Coupling of fully automated chip-based electrospray ionization to high-capacity ion trap mass spectrometer for ganglioside analysis. Anal Biochem 2008; 378:43-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2008.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2008] [Revised: 03/09/2008] [Accepted: 03/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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42
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Fuchs B, Süß R, Nimptsch A, Schiller J. MALDI-TOF-MS Directly Combined with TLC: A Review of the Current State. Chromatographia 2008. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-008-0661-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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43
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Goto-Inoue N, Hayasaka T, Sugiura Y, Taki T, Li YT, Matsumoto M, Setou M. High-sensitivity analysis of glycosphingolipids by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization quadrupole ion trap time-of-flight imaging mass spectrometry on transfer membranes. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2008; 870:74-83. [PMID: 18571485 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2008.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2008] [Revised: 05/28/2008] [Accepted: 06/02/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids are ubiquitous constituents of cells. Yet there is still room for improvement in the techniques for analyzing glycosphingolipids. Here we report our highly sensitive and convenient analytical technology with imaging mass spectrometry for detailed structural analysis of glycosphingolipids. We were able to determine detailed ceramide structures; i.e., both the sphingosine base and fatty acid, by MS/MS/MS analysis on a PVDF membrane with 10 pmol of GM1, with which only faint bands were visible by primuline staining. The limit of detection was approximately 1 pmol of GM1, which is lower than the value in the conventional reports (10 pmol).
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Goto-Inoue
- Department of Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
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Zarei M, Bindila L, Souady J, Dreisewerd K, Berkenkamp S, Müthing J, Peter-Katalinić J. A sialylation study of mouse brain gangliosides by MALDI a-TOF and o-TOF mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2008; 43:716-725. [PMID: 18200606 DOI: 10.1002/jms.1367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) process of sialoglycoconjugates is generally accompanied by different levels of cleavage of sialic acid residues and/or by dehydration, and decarboxylation reactions. Quantitative densitometry of the mouse brain ganglioside (MBG) components separated by high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) and evidenced by orcinol staining was a basis to verify the ganglioside composition pattern with respect to the relative abundances of individual components in the mixture. A systematic mass spectrometry (MS) sialylation analysis has been carried out to evaluate the feasibility of an axial time-of-flight (a-TOF) MS, equipped with a vacuum MALDI source and an orthogonal-TOF (o-TOF) instrument with an ion source operated at about 1 mbar of N(2). Besides, the esterification by one methyl group of the carboxyl group in sialic acid to increase the stability of the ganglioside species for MALDI MS analysis has been tested and the yield of intact ganglioside species and of the neutral loss of water and carbon dioxide estimated. For the sialylation analysis of native ganglioside mixtures the MALDI o-TOF analysis with 6-azo-2-thiothymine/diammonium citrate (ATT/DAC) as a matrix appears as an optimal approach for ganglioside profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Zarei
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Biomedical Analysis, University of Münster, Robert Koch Str. 31, 48149, Münster, Germany
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Distler U, Hülsewig M, Souady J, Dreisewerd K, Haier J, Senninger N, Friedrich AW, Karch H, Hillenkamp F, Berkenkamp S, Peter-Katalinić J, Müthing J. Matching IR-MALDI-o-TOF Mass Spectrometry with the TLC Overlay Binding Assay and Its Clinical Application for Tracing Tumor-Associated Glycosphingolipids in Hepatocellular and Pancreatic Cancer. Anal Chem 2008; 80:1835-46. [DOI: 10.1021/ac702071x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ute Distler
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics and Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany, Department of General Surgery, Münster University Hospital, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Sequenom GmbH, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marcel Hülsewig
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics and Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany, Department of General Surgery, Münster University Hospital, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Sequenom GmbH, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jamal Souady
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics and Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany, Department of General Surgery, Münster University Hospital, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Sequenom GmbH, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Dreisewerd
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics and Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany, Department of General Surgery, Münster University Hospital, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Sequenom GmbH, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Haier
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics and Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany, Department of General Surgery, Münster University Hospital, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Sequenom GmbH, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Norbert Senninger
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics and Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany, Department of General Surgery, Münster University Hospital, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Sequenom GmbH, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexander W. Friedrich
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics and Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany, Department of General Surgery, Münster University Hospital, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Sequenom GmbH, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Helge Karch
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics and Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany, Department of General Surgery, Münster University Hospital, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Sequenom GmbH, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Franz Hillenkamp
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics and Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany, Department of General Surgery, Münster University Hospital, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Sequenom GmbH, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Berkenkamp
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics and Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany, Department of General Surgery, Münster University Hospital, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Sequenom GmbH, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jasna Peter-Katalinić
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics and Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany, Department of General Surgery, Münster University Hospital, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Sequenom GmbH, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Müthing
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics and Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany, Department of General Surgery, Münster University Hospital, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Sequenom GmbH, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
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Mapping and Sequencing of Gangliosides from Anencephaly by Electrospray Ionization High Capacity Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4020-8811-7_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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Fuchs B, Schiller J, Süss R, Schürenberg M, Suckau D. A direct and simple method of coupling matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) to thin-layer chromatography (TLC) for the analysis of phospholipids from egg yolk. Anal Bioanal Chem 2007; 389:827-34. [PMID: 17673987 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-007-1488-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2007] [Revised: 06/28/2007] [Accepted: 07/03/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Although the most important application of matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is "proteomics," there is growing evidence that this soft ionization method is also useful for phospholipid (PL) analysis. Although all PLs are detectable by MALDI-TOF MS, some lipid classes, particularly those with quaternary amines such as phosphatidylcholines (PCs), are more sensitively detected than others, and these suppress the signals of less sensitively detected PLs when complex mixtures are analyzed. Therefore, a separation of the total organic extract into individual lipid classes is necessary. As MALDI uses a solid sample, the direct evaluation of thin-layer chromatography (TLC) plates is possible. We report here on a method of directly coupling MALDI-TOF MS and TLC that can be easily implemented on commercially available MALDI-TOF devices. A total extract of hen egg yolk is used as a simple PL mixture to demonstrate the capabilities of this method. It will be shown that "clean" spectra without any major contributions from fragmentation products and matrix peaks can be obtained, and that this approach is even sensitive enough to detect the presence of PLs at levels of less than 1% of the total extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beate Fuchs
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Leipzig, Härtelstr. 16-18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
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Rohlfing A, Müthing J, Pohlentz G, Distler U, Peter-Katalinić J, Berkenkamp S, Dreisewerd K. IR-MALDI-MS Analysis of HPTLC-Separated Phospholipid Mixtures Directly from the TLC Plate. Anal Chem 2007; 79:5793-808. [PMID: 17590015 DOI: 10.1021/ac070633x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The application of a recently developed direct coupling of high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization orthogonal extracting time-of-flight mass spectrometry (Dreisewerd, K.; Müthing, J.; Rohlfing, A.; Meisen, I.; Vukelic, Z.; Peter-Katalinic, J.; Hillenkamp, F.; Berkenkamp, S. Anal. Chem. 2005, 77, 4098-4107) to the analysis of phospholipid mixtures is demonstrated. Mixtures of six phospholipid types were exemplarily analyzed. The sensitivity was found to be in the range between about 10 and 150 pmol of material spotted for HPTLC, depending on phospholipid acidity, Rf value, and ion polarity. The lateral resolution of the analysis is on the order of the laser focus diameter of about 220 x 300 microm2, allowing differentiation between phospholipid species of different acyl chain composition within one single HPTLC band, which were undistiguishable by a mere visual assessment. Analyte diffusion due to the addition of glycerol to the HPTLC plate was found to be-if at all notable-of only minor importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Rohlfing
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 31, 48149 Münster, Germany
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Panchagnula V, Mikulskis A, Song L, Wang Y, Wang M, Knubovets T, Scrivener E, Golenko E, Krull IS, Schulz M, Patton WF. Phosphopeptide analysis by directly coupling two-dimensional planar electrochromatography/thin-layer chromatography with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1155:112-23. [PMID: 17481645 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2007] [Revised: 03/28/2007] [Accepted: 04/04/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A novel strategy is presented for the fractionation of complex peptide mixtures using two-dimensional planar electrochromatography/thin-layer chromatography (2D PEC/TLC). Phosphopeptides migrate more slowly in the first dimension, based upon their anionic phosphate residues, and certain predominantly acidic phosphopeptides even migrate in the opposite direction, relative to the bulk of the peptides. Phosphopeptides are further distinguished based upon hydrophilicity in the second dimension. This permits a restricted region of the plate to be directly interrogated for the presence of phosphopeptides by mass spectrometry (MS). Phosphopeptide analysis from the plates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF)-MS and tandem MS enabled peptide sequencing and identification.
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50
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Cha S, Yeung ES. Colloidal Graphite-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry and MSnof Small Molecules. 1. Imaging of Cerebrosides Directly from Rat Brain Tissue. Anal Chem 2007; 79:2373-85. [PMID: 17288467 DOI: 10.1021/ac062251h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Graphite-assisted laser desorption/ionization (GALDI) mass spectrometry (MS) was investigated for analysis of cerebrosides in a complex total brain lipid extract. Conventional MALDI MS and GALDI MS were compared regarding lipid analysis by using high-vacuum (HV, <10-6 Torr) LDI time-of-flight mass spectrometry and intermediate-pressure (IP, 0.17 Torr) linear ion trap mass spectrometry. Cerebrosides were not detected or detected with low sensitivity in MALDI MS because of other dominant phospholipids. By using GALDI, cerebrosides were detected as intense mass peaks without prior separation from other lipid species while mass peaks corresponding to phosphatidylcholines (PCs) were weak. The signal increase for cerebrosides and the signal decrease for PCs in GALDI MS were more significant in HV than in IP. MSn experiments of precursor ions corresponding to cerebrosides and PCs in brain lipid extract were performed to identify the detected species and distinguish isobaric ions. Twenty-two cerebroside species were detected by GALDI whereas eight cerebroside species were detected by MALDI. Sulfatides in brain lipid extract were also easily detected by GALDI MS in the negative ion mode. By forming a colloidal graphite thin film on rat brain tissue, direct lipid profiling by imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) was performed. Chemically selective images for cerebrosides and sulfatides were successfully obtained. Imaging tandem mass spectrometry (IMS/MS) was performed to generate images of specific product ions from isobaric species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangwon Cha
- Ames Laboratory-USDOE and Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
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