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Takata R, Nakabayashi Y, Hashimoto K, Miyazato A, Osaka I. Imaging Analysis of Phosphatidylcholines and Diacylglycerols Using Surface-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry with Metal Film Formed by Mist Chemical Vapor Deposition. Mass Spectrom (Tokyo) 2023; 12:A0135. [PMID: 38034981 PMCID: PMC10686700 DOI: 10.5702/massspectrometry.a0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry (MS) has been widely used for analyses of biomolecules and industrial materials. Surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization (SALDI) is studied to complement the ionization ability for the MALDI/MS. In this study, lab-made mist chemical vapor deposition (mist CVD) system was used to produce metal films as ionization assistance materials for SALDI/MS. The system could give Ag film from inexpensive silver trifluoroacetate solution rapidly and simply under atmospheric pressure. Phosphatidylcholines could be detected high sensitively and diacylglycerols (DAGs) could not be detected in MALDI/MS. In the SALDI/MS and the MS imaging with Ag film by mist CVD, both the phosphatidylcholines and the DAGs could be detected and the localized images. In the Ag film-SALDI/MS of lipids, not only Ag-adducted ions but also Na- and K-adducted ions were detected. The Ag film formed by the mist CVD to act as an ionization-assistance material and a cationization agent in SALDI would be useful in MS imaging of biological tissue sections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riko Takata
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Toyama 939–0398, Japan
| | - Yuji Nakabayashi
- Center for Nano Materials and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Nomi, Ishikawa 923–1211, Japan
| | - Kotaro Hashimoto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Toyama 939–0398, Japan
| | - Akio Miyazato
- Center for Nano Materials and Technology, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Nomi, Ishikawa 923–1211, Japan
| | - Issey Osaka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Toyama Prefectural University, Imizu, Toyama 939–0398, Japan
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2
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Kakuta T, Manyuan N, Kawasaki H. UV-Absorbing Ligand Capped Gold Nanoparticles for the SALDI-MS Analysis of Small Molecules. Mass Spectrom (Tokyo) 2022; 11:A0107. [PMID: 36713807 PMCID: PMC9853113 DOI: 10.5702/massspectrometry.a0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
We report that modifying the surface of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) with 2-mercaptopyridine-3-carboxylic acid (MPyCA) enhances surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization (SALDI) performance in the analysis of small molecules. The MPyCA ligand has a strong UV absorbance at the wavelengths of the typical MALDI laser at 337 nm, resulting in efficient thermal/energy transfer from the Au NPs to analytes during pulse-laser irradiation. In addition, the MPyCA ligand contains carboxylic acid and pyridine groups, providing affinity to various analytes through acid-base interactions. Irganox1010, glucose and meropenem were utilized as model analytes to evaluate SALDI performance because these molecules are generally ionized with difficulty by conventional MALDI-MS. Our results demonstrate that the MPyCA-Au NP based SALDI-MS could detect Irganox1010, glucose and meropenem with stronger ion peaks for these molecules compared to MALDI-MS using CHCA. The limit of detection (LOD) for meropenem was much lower in the case of SALDI (LOD=1 ng/mL) compared to MALDI (LOD=10 μg/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Kakuta
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nichayanan Manyuan
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideya Kawasaki
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, Osaka, Japan,Correspondence to: Hideya Kawasaki, Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, 3–3–35 Yamate-cho, Suita, Osaka 564–8680, Japan, e-mail:
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3
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Kim SW, Kwon S, Kim YK. Graphene Oxide Derivatives and Their Nanohybrid Structures for Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Small Molecules. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11020288. [PMID: 33499396 PMCID: PMC7910985 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) has been considered as one of the most powerful analytical tools for mass spectrometry (MS) analysis of large molecular weight compounds such as proteins, nucleic acids, and synthetic polymers thanks to its high sensitivity, high resolution, and compatibility with high-throughput analysis. Despite these advantages, MALDI cannot be applied to MS analysis of small molecular weight compounds (<500 Da) because of the matrix interference in low mass region. Therefore, numerous efforts have been devoted to solving this issue by using metal, semiconductor, and carbon nanomaterials for MALDI time-of-flight MS (MALDI-TOF-MS) analysis instead of organic matrices. Among those nanomaterials, graphene oxide (GO) is of particular interest considering its unique and highly tunable chemical structures composed of the segregated sp2 carbon domains surrounded by sp3 carbon matrix. Chemical modification of GO can precisely tune its physicochemical properties, and it can be readily incorporated with other functional nanomaterials. In this review, the advances of GO derivatives and their nanohybrid structures as alternatives to organic matrices are summarized to demonstrate their potential and practical aspect for MALDI-TOF-MS analysis of small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Woo Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pildong-ro, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Korea;
| | - Sunbum Kwon
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.-W.K.); (Y.-K.K.); Tel.: +82-2-820-5201 (S.-W.K.); +82-2-2260-3214 (Y.-K.K.)
| | - Young-Kwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30 Pildong-ro, Jung-gu, Seoul 04620, Korea;
- Correspondence: (S.-W.K.); (Y.-K.K.); Tel.: +82-2-820-5201 (S.-W.K.); +82-2-2260-3214 (Y.-K.K.)
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4
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Gachumi G, Purves RW, Hopf C, El-Aneed A. Fast Quantification Without Conventional Chromatography, The Growing Power of Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2020; 92:8628-8637. [PMID: 32510944 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry (MS) in hyphenated techniques is widely accepted as the gold standard quantitative tool in life sciences. However, MS possesses intrinsic analytical capabilities that allow it to be a stand-alone quantitative technique, particularly with current technological advancements. MS has a great potential for simplifying quantitative analysis without the need for tedious chromatographic separation. Its selectivity relies on multistage MS analysis (MSn), including tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), as well as the ever-growing advancements of high-resolution MS instruments. This perspective describes various analytical platforms that utilize MS as a stand-alone quantitative technique, namely, flow injection analysis (FIA), matrix assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI), including MALDI-MS imaging and ion mobility, particularly high-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry (FAIMS). When MS alone is not capable of providing reliable quantitative data, instead of conventional liquid chromatography (LC)-MS, the use of a guard column (i.e., fast chromatography) may be sufficient for quantification. Although the omission of chromatographic separation simplifies the analytical process, extra procedures may be needed during sample preparation and clean-up to address the issue of matrix effects. The discussion of this manuscript focuses on key parameters underlying the uniqueness of each technique for its application in quantitative analysis without the need for a chromatographic separation. In addition, the potential for each analytical strategy and its challenges are discussed as well as improvements needed to render them as mainstream quantitative analytical tools. Overcoming the hurdles for fully validating a quantitative method will allow MS alone to eventually become an indispensable quantitative tool for clinical and toxicological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Gachumi
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan Canada, S7N 5E5
| | - Randy W Purves
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan Canada, S7N 5E5.,Centre for Veterinary Drug Residues, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, 116 Veterinary Rd, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan Canada, S7N 2R3
| | - Carsten Hopf
- Center for Mass Spectrometry and Optical Spectroscopy (CeMOS), Mannheim University of Applied Sciences, Paul-Wittsack-Strasse 10, 68163 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Anas El-Aneed
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan Canada, S7N 5E5
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5
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Nanoparticle-based surface assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry: a review. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:682. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3770-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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6
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Xu Q, Tian R, Lu C, Li H. Monodispersed Ag Nanoparticle in Layered Double Hydroxides as Matrix for Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:44751-44759. [PMID: 30512921 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b17051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI MS) in the low-molecular-weight (LMW) range is a long-standing challenge because of the fragments from the matrix and the heterogeneity of the matrix-analyte crystals. In this work, a homogeneous film with the monodispersed Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs) in the confined interlayer of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) has been achieved. The Ag NPs with advantageous optical absorption could realize the energy capture and transfer process, and LDHs with abundant hydroxyl groups are beneficial for the deprotonated reaction. Therefore, the as-prepared film exhibited interference-free deprotonated signals in negative-ion mode with high ionization efficiency. The uniform matrix-analyte spots were constructed through the homogeneous assembly process, contributing to the high reproducibility for both the liquid and gaseous samples. Good linearities were successfully realized in the range from 0.1 μM to 1.0 mM for glucose with the relative standard deviation (RSD) of 3.8%, and 0.2-2.0 mM with the average RSD of 4.5% for psoralen samples, respectively. It is believed that the proposed matrix could exhibit competitive advantages for MALDI detection in the LMW region, which may provide new insight into development for MALDI mass detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
| | - Rui Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
| | - Chao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
| | - Haifang Li
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
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7
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Ràfols P, Vilalta D, Torres S, Calavia R, Heijs B, McDonnell LA, Brezmes J, del Castillo E, Yanes O, Ramírez N, Correig X. Assessing the potential of sputtered gold nanolayers in mass spectrometry imaging for metabolomics applications. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208908. [PMID: 30540827 PMCID: PMC6291137 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a molecular imaging technique that maps the distribution of molecules in biological tissues with high spatial resolution. The most widely used MSI modality is matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI), mainly due to the large variety of analyte classes amenable for MALDI analysis. However, the organic matrices used in classical MALDI may impact the quality of the molecular images due to limited lateral resolution and strong background noise in the low mass range, hindering its use in metabolomics. Here we present a matrix-free laser desorption/ionization (LDI) technique based on the deposition of gold nanolayers on tissue sections by means of sputter-coating. This gold coating method is quick, fully automated, reproducible, and allows growing highly controlled gold nanolayers, necessary for high quality and high resolution MS image acquisition. The performance of the developed method has been tested through the acquisition of MS images of brain tissues. The obtained spectra showed a high number of MS peaks in the low mass region (m/z below 1000 Da) with few background peaks, demonstrating the ability of the sputtered gold nanolayers of promoting the desorption/ionization of a wide range of metabolites. These results, together with the reliable MS spectrum calibration using gold peaks, make the developed method a valuable alternative for MSI applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pere Ràfols
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail: (PR); (NR)
| | - Dídac Vilalta
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sònia Torres
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Raul Calavia
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Bram Heijs
- Center for Proteomics & Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Liam A. McDonnell
- Center for Proteomics & Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden The Netherlands
- Fondazione Pisana per la Scienza ONLUS, Pisa, Italy
| | - Jesús Brezmes
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Esteban del Castillo
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Oscar Yanes
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Noelia Ramírez
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
- * E-mail: (PR); (NR)
| | - Xavier Correig
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), Madrid, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
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8
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Sacks CD, Stumpo KA. Gold nanoparticles for enhanced ionization and fragmentation of biomolecules using LDI-MS. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2018; 53:1070-1077. [PMID: 30107051 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
New applications for gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry are presented here. This work expands on previous biomolecule studies and introduces carbohydrates, steroids, bile acids, and other small molecules as a focus. Broad trends in ionization are observed, and specifically of interest are new species that have not previously been reported from AuNPs (e.g., [M + Au]+ ). Interesting fragmentation effects have been observed for diphenhydramine, including similarity to electron impact mass spectra and possible radical driven reactions, providing insight into the mechanism of ionization when using AuNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody D Sacks
- Department of Chemistry, University of Scranton, Scranton, PA, 18510, USA
| | - Katherine A Stumpo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Scranton, Scranton, PA, 18510, USA
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9
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Kim YK, Landis R, Vachet RW, Rotello VM. Matrix-Incorporated Polydopamine Layer as a Simple, Efficient, and Universal Coating for Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometric Analysis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:36361-36368. [PMID: 30277742 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b10990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Self-oxidative copolymerization of dopamine with α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA) provides an efficient and multifunctional platform for laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LDI-TOF-MS) analysis. The polydopamine coating layer embedded with the CHCA matrix can be readily formed on nanomaterials and solid substrates without additional surface treatments to generate an efficient LDI-TOF-MS platform for the analysis of small molecules as well as synthetic polymers. This coating can be further functionalized with specific ligands for target enrichment from complex biological media, providing analyte capture for subsequent LDI-TOF-MS analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Kwan Kim
- Carbon Composite Materials Research Center , Korea Institute of Science and Technology , 92 Chudong-ro , Bongdong-eup, Wanju-gun , Jeollabuk-do 55424 , South Korea
| | - Ryan Landis
- Department of Chemistry , University of Massachusetts , Amherst , Massachusetts 01003 , United States
| | - Richard W Vachet
- Department of Chemistry , University of Massachusetts , Amherst , Massachusetts 01003 , United States
| | - Vincent M Rotello
- Department of Chemistry , University of Massachusetts , Amherst , Massachusetts 01003 , United States
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10
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Nanoparticle assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry for small molecule analytes. Mikrochim Acta 2018; 185:200. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-018-2687-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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11
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Klyba LV, Sanzheeva ER, Shagun LG, Zhilitskaya LV. Investigation of reaction between 2-methylimidazole and 1,3-bis(iodomethyl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane by the method NALDI TOF/TOF. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428017080127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Mechanisms of Nanophase-Induced Desorption in LDI-MS. A Short Review. NANOMATERIALS 2017; 7:nano7040075. [PMID: 28368330 PMCID: PMC5408167 DOI: 10.3390/nano7040075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Nanomaterials are frequently used in laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) as DI enhancers, providing excellent figures of merit for the analysis of low molecular weight organic molecules. In recent years, literature on this topic has benefited from several studies assessing the fundamental aspects of the ion desorption efficiency and the internal energy transfer, in the case of model analytes. Several different parameters have been investigated, including the intrinsic chemical and physical properties of the nanophase (chemical composition, thermal conductivity, photo-absorption efficiency, specific heat capacity, phase transition point, explosion threshold, etc.), along with morphological parameters such as the nanophase size, shape, and interparticle distance. Other aspects, such as the composition, roughness and defects of the substrate supporting the LDI-active nanophases, the nanophase binding affinity towards the target analyte, the role of water molecules, have been taken into account as well. Readers interested in nanoparticle based LDI-MS sub-techniques (SALDI-, SELDI-, NALDI- MS) will find here a concise overview of the recent findings in the specialized field of fundamental and mechanistic studies, shading light on the desorption ionization phenomena responsible of the outperforming MS data offered by these techniques.
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13
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Byliński H, Gębicki J, Dymerski T, Namieśnik J. Direct Analysis of Samples of Various Origin and Composition Using Specific Types of Mass Spectrometry. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2017; 47:340-358. [DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2017.1298986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hubert Byliński
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jacek Gębicki
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Tomasz Dymerski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jacek Namieśnik
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
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14
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Mohammadifar E, Bodaghi A, Dadkhahtehrani A, Nemati Kharat A, Adeli M, Haag R. Green Synthesis of Hyperbranched Polyglycerol at Room Temperature. ACS Macro Lett 2017; 6:35-40. [PMID: 35632875 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.6b00804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In this work we report on a new method for the cationic polymerization of glycidol by citric acid at ambient and solvent free conditions. In this polymerization, citric acid is a proton donor and is able to incorporate in the structure of polyglycerol by reaction with the activated monomer. The molecular weight and degree of branching of the synthesized polymers are affected by the glycidol/citric acid molar ratios and reaction temperature. Due to the citric acid core of the hyperbranched polyglycerols, they are able to break down into the smaller segments at neutral or acidic conditions. Apart from citric acid, glycidol, and water, other reagents or organic solvents have not been used in the synthetic and purification processes. Taking advantage of the green synthesis and ability to cleave under physiological conditions, in addition to the intrinsic biocompatibility of polyglycerol, the synthesized polymers are promising candidates for future biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Mohammadifar
- School
of Chemistry, University College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Bodaghi
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran
| | - Abbas Dadkhahtehrani
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran
| | - Ali Nemati Kharat
- School
of Chemistry, University College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Adeli
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran
- Institute
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universitat Berlin, Takustr. 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institute
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universitat Berlin, Takustr. 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
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15
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Chitanda JM, Zhang H, Pahl E, Purves RW, El-Aneed A. The Development of Novel Nanodiamond Based MALDI Matrices for the Analysis of Small Organic Pharmaceuticals. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2016; 27:1686-1693. [PMID: 27488316 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-016-1454-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The utility of novel functionalized nanodiamonds (NDs) as matrices for matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) is described herein. MALDI-MS analysis of small organic compounds (<1000 Da) is typically complex because of interferences from numerous cluster ions formed when using conventional matrices. To expand the use of MALDI for the analysis of small molecules, novel matrices were designed by covalently linking conventional matrices (or a lysine moiety) to detonated NDs. Four new functionalized NDs were evaluated for their ionization capabilities using five pharmaceuticals with varying molecular structures. Two ND matrices were able to ionize all tested pharmaceuticals in the negative ion mode, producing the deprotonated ions [M - H](-). Ion intensity for target analytes was generally strong with enhanced signal-to-noise ratios compared with conventional matrices. The negative ion mode is of great importance for biological samples as interference from endogenous compounds is inherently minimized in the negative ion mode. Since the molecular structures of the tested pharmaceuticals did not suggest that negative ion mode would be preferable, this result magnifies the importance of these findings. On the other hand, conventional matrices primarily facilitated the ionization as expected in the positive ion mode, producing either the protonated molecules [M + H](+) or cationic adducts (typically producing complex spectra with numerous adduct peaks). The data presented in this study suggests that these matrices may offer advantages for the analysis of low molecular weight pharmaceuticals/metabolites. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Erica Pahl
- University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
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16
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Yagnik GB, Hansen RL, Korte AR, Reichert MD, Vela J, Lee YJ. Large Scale Nanoparticle Screening for Small Molecule Analysis in Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2016; 88:8926-30. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b02732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gargey B. Yagnik
- Department
of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- Ames Laboratory-U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Rebecca L. Hansen
- Department
of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- Ames Laboratory-U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Andrew R. Korte
- Department
of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- Ames Laboratory-U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Malinda D. Reichert
- Department
of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Javier Vela
- Department
of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- Ames Laboratory-U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Young Jin Lee
- Department
of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- Ames Laboratory-U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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17
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Komori H, Hashizaki R, Osaka I, Hibi T, Katano H, Taira S. Nanoparticle-assisted laser desorption/ionization using sinapic acid-modified iron oxide nanoparticles for mass spectrometry analysis. Analyst 2016; 140:8134-7. [PMID: 26535417 DOI: 10.1039/c5an02081f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Iron oxide-based nanoparticles (NP) were covalently modified with sinapic acid (SA) through a condensation reaction to assist the ionization of both large and small molecules. The morphology of SA-modified NPs (SA-NP) was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the modification of the NP surface with SA was confirmed using ultraviolet (UV) and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. The number of SA molecules was estimated to be 6 per NP. SA-NP-assisted laser desorption/ionization was carried out on small molecules, such as pesticides and plant hormones, and large molecules, such as peptides and proteins. A peptide fragment from degraded proteins was detected more efficiently compared with conventional methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanaka Komori
- Department of Bioscience, Fukui Prefectural University, Eiheiji, Fukui 910-1195, Japan.
| | - Riho Hashizaki
- Department of Bioscience, Fukui Prefectural University, Eiheiji, Fukui 910-1195, Japan.
| | - Issey Osaka
- Center for Nano Materials and Technology, Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi-shi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
| | - Takao Hibi
- Department of Bioscience, Fukui Prefectural University, Eiheiji, Fukui 910-1195, Japan.
| | - Hajime Katano
- Department of Bioscience, Fukui Prefectural University, Eiheiji, Fukui 910-1195, Japan.
| | - Shu Taira
- Department of Bioscience, Fukui Prefectural University, Eiheiji, Fukui 910-1195, Japan.
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18
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Bibi A, Ju H. Quantum dots assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometric detection of carbohydrates: qualitative and quantitative analysis. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2016; 51:291-297. [PMID: 27041659 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A quantum dots (QDs) assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometric (QDA-LDI-MS) strategy was proposed for qualitative and quantitative analysis of a series of carbohydrates. The adsorption of carbohydrates on the modified surface of different QDs as the matrices depended mainly on the formation of hydrogen bonding, which led to higher MS intensity than those with conventional organic matrix. The effects of QDs concentration and sample preparation method were explored for improving the selective ionization process and the detection sensitivity. The proposed approach offered a new dimension to the application of QDs as matrices for MALDI-MS research of carbohydrates. It could be used for quantitative measurement of glucose concentration in human serum with good performance. The QDs served as a matrix showed the advantages of low background, higher sensitivity, convenient sample preparation and excellent stability under vacuum. The QDs assisted LDI-MS approach has promising application to the analysis of carbohydrates in complex biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Bibi
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Huangxian Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
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19
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Abdelhamid HN, Wu HF. Gold nanoparticles assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry and applications: from simple molecules to intact cells. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:4485-502. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9374-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2015] [Revised: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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20
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Marsico ALM, Creran B, Duncan B, Elci SG, Jiang Y, Onasch TB, Wormhoudt J, Rotello VM, Vachet RW. Inkjet-printed gold nanoparticle surfaces for the detection of low molecular weight biomolecules by laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2015; 26:1931-1937. [PMID: 26202457 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-015-1223-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Effective detection of low molecular weight compounds in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry (MS) is often hindered by matrix interferences in the low m/z region of the mass spectrum. Here, we show that monolayer-protected gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) can serve as alternate matrices for the very sensitive detection of low molecular weight compounds such as amino acids. Amino acids can be detected at low fmol levels with minimal interferences by properly choosing the AuNP deposition method, density, size, and monolayer surface chemistry. By inkjet-printing AuNPs at various densities, we find that AuNP clusters are essential for obtaining the greatest sensitivity. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa L M Marsico
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Brian Creran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Bradley Duncan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - S Gokhan Elci
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Ying Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | | | | | - Vincent M Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Richard W Vachet
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA.
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21
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Silina YE, Koch M, Volmer DA. Influence of surface melting effects and availability of reagent ions on LDI-MS efficiency after UV laser irradiation of Pd nanostructures. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2015; 50:578-585. [PMID: 25800194 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the influence of surface morphology, reagent ions and surface restructuring effects on atmospheric pressure laser desorption/ionization (LDI) for small molecules after laser irradiation of palladium self-assembled nanoparticular (Pd-NP) structures has been systematically studied. The dominant role of surface morphology during the LDI process, which was previously shown for silicon-based substrates, has not been investigated for metal-based substrates before. In our experiments, we demonstrated that both the presence of reagent ions and surface reorganization effects--in particular, melting--during laser irradiation was required for LDI activity of the substrate. The synthesized Pd nanostructures with diameters ranging from 60 to 180 nm started to melt at similar temperatures, viz. 890-898 K. These materials exhibited different LDI efficiencies, however, with Pd-NP materials being the most effective surface in our experiments. Pd nanostructures of diameters >400-800 nm started to melt at higher temperatures, >1000 K, making such targets more resistant to laser irradiation, with subsequent loss of LDI activity. Our data demonstrated that both melting of the surface structures and the presence of reagent ions were essential for efficient LDI of the investigated low molecular weight compounds. This dependence of LDI on melting points was exploited further to improve the performance of Pd-NP-based sampling targets. For example, adding sodium hypophosphite as reducing agent to Pd electrolyte solutions during synthesis lowered the melting points of the Pd-NP materials and subsequently gave reduced laser fluence requirements for LDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliya E Silina
- Leibniz Institute of New Materials (INM), Saarbrücken, Germany; Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
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22
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Park JW, Shumaker-Parry JS. Strong resistance of citrate anions on metal nanoparticles to desorption under thiol functionalization. ACS NANO 2015; 9:1665-82. [PMID: 25625548 DOI: 10.1021/nn506379m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Thiols are widely utilized to functionalize metal nanoparticles, including ubiquitous citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), for fundamental studies and biomedical applications. For more than two decades, citrate-to-thiol ligand exchange has been used to introduce functionality to AuNPs in the 5-100 nm size regime. Contrary to conventional assumptions about the completion of ligand exchange processes and formation of a uniform self-assembled monolayer (SAM) on the NP surface, coadsorption of thiols with preadsorbed citrates as a mixed layer on AuNPs is demonstrated. Hydrogen bonding between carboxyl moieties primarily is attributed to the strong adsorption of citrate, leading to the formation of a stabilized network that is challenging to displace. In these studies, adsorbed citrates, probed by Fourier transform infrared and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses, remain on the surface following thiol addition to the AuNPs, whereas acetoacetate anions are desorbed. XPS quantitative analysis indicates that the surface density of alkyl and aryl thiolates for AuNPs with an average diameter of ∼40 nm is 50-65% of the value of a close-packed SAM on Au(111). We present a detailed citrate/thiolate coadsorption model that describes this final mixed surface composition. Intermolecular interactions between weakly coordinated oxyanions, such as polyprotic carboxylic acids, can lead to enhanced stability of the metal-ligand interactions, and this needs to be considered in the surface modification of metal nanoparticles by thiols or other anchor groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Won Park
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah , 1400 East 315 South, RM 2020, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
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23
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Etxebarria J, Calvo J, Reichardt NC. Nanostructured weathering steel for matrix-free laser desorption ionisation mass spectrometry and imaging of metabolites, drugs and complex glycans. Analyst 2014; 139:2873-83. [DOI: 10.1039/c4an00216d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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24
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Yang M, Fujino T. Gold nanoparticles loaded on zeolite as inorganic matrix for laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry of small molecules. Chem Phys Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2013.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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25
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Cho E, Ahn M, Kim YH, Kim J, Kim S. Protons are one of the limiting factors in determining sensitivity of nano surface-assisted (+)-mode LDI MS analyses. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2013; 24:1489-1492. [PMID: 23955002 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-013-0713-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2013] [Revised: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A proton source employing a nanostructured gold surface for use in (+)-mode laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) was evaluated. Analysis of perdeuterated polyaromatic hydrocarbon compound dissolved in regular toluene, perdeuterated toluene, and deuterated methanol all showed that protonated ions were generated irregardless of solvent system. Therefore, it was concluded that residual water on the surface of the LDI plate was the major source of protons. The fact that residual water remaining after vacuum drying was the source of protons suggests that protons may be the limiting reagent in the LDI process and that overall ionization efficiency can be improved by incorporating an additional proton source. When extra proton sources, such as thiolate compounds and/or citric acid, were added to a nanostructured gold surface, the protonated signal abundance increased. These data show that protons are one of the limiting components in (+)-mode LDI MS analyses employing nanostructured gold surfaces. Therefore, it has been suggested that additional efforts are required to identify compounds that can act as proton donors without generating peaks that interfere with mass spectral interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunji Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 702-701, Republic of Korea
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26
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Silina YE, Volmer DA. Nanostructured solid substrates for efficient laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) of low molecular weight compounds. Analyst 2013; 138:7053-65. [DOI: 10.1039/c3an01120h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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27
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Li PH, Huang SY, Chen YC, Urban PL. A hybrid nanoparticle matrix for mass spectrometry. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra22977g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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28
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Liu YC, Li YJ, Huang CC. Information Derived from Cluster Ions from DNA-Modified Gold Nanoparticles under Laser Desorption/Ionization: Analysis of Coverage, Structure, and Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism. Anal Chem 2012; 85:1021-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ac302847n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chih-Ching Huang
- School of Pharmacy, College of
Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University,
Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
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29
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Kuzema PA. Small-molecule analysis by surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934811130065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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30
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Chen WT, Tomalová I, Preisler J, Chang HT. Analysis of Biomolecules through Surface-Assisted Laser, Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry Employing Nanomaterials. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201190120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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31
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Gold nanomaterials as a new tool for bioanalytical applications of laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 402:601-23. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-5120-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2011] [Revised: 05/13/2011] [Accepted: 05/17/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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32
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Kumazawa T, Hasegawa C, Uchigasaki S, Lee XP, Suzuki O, Sato K. Quantitative determination of phenothiazine derivatives in human plasma using monolithic silica solid-phase extraction tips and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:2521-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.02.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2011] [Revised: 02/24/2011] [Accepted: 02/25/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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33
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Qiao L, Liu B, Girault HH. Nanomaterial-assisted laser desorption ionization for mass spectrometry-based biomedical analysis. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2010; 5:1641-52. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.10.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanomaterials have been widely used to assist laser desorption ionization of biomolecules for mass spectrometry analysis. Compared with classical matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization, strategies based on nanomaterial-assisted ionization generate a clean background, which is of great benefit for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of small biomolecules, such as therapeutic and diagnostic molecules. As label-free platforms, they have successfully been used for high-throughput enzyme activity/inhibition monitoring and also for tissue imaging to map in situ the distribution of peptides, metabolites and drugs. In addition to widely used porous silicon nanomaterials, gold nanoparticles can be easily chemically modified by thiol-containing compounds, opening novel interesting perspectives. Such functionalized nanoparticles have been used both as probes to extract target molecules and as matrices to assist laser desorption ionization for developing new enzyme immunoassays or for studying DNA hybridization. More recently, semiconductor nanomaterials or quantum dots acting as photosensitive centers to induce in-source redox reactions for proteomics and to investigate biomolecule oxidation for metabolomics have been shown to offer new analytical strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Qiao
- Laboratoire d’Electrochimie Physique et Analytique, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 6, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - BaoHong Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
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34
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Duan J, Wang H, Cheng Q. On-plate desalting and SALDI-MS analysis of peptides with hydrophobic silicate nanofilms on a gold substrate. Anal Chem 2010; 82:9211-20. [PMID: 20964322 DOI: 10.1021/ac102262m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We report the use of silicate nanofilms for on-plate desalting and subsequently direct laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometric (LDI-MS) analysis of peptides. A hydrophobic octadecyltrichlorosilane (OTS) monolayer is formed on a calcinated nanofilm on a gold substrate to facilitate sample deposition and interaction with the surface that allows effective removal of MS-incompatible contaminants such as salts and surfactants by simple on-plate washing while the peptides are retained on the spot. By elimination of interferences from matrix-related ions and contaminants, sensitivity of MS analysis has been enhanced over ca. 20 times, leading to improved detection of peptides at the low-femtomolar level. A high recovery rate of the peptides is obtained by using relatively rough nanofilms, which are prepared through a modified layer-by-layer deposition/calcination process. The performance of the films has been investigated with peptide samples in the presence of high salts (NaCl and sodium acetate) and urea. Compared to matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization analysis with CHCA matrix, LDI with on-plate desalting offers marked improvement for analysis of peptides due to low background ions and reduction of sample complexity. Additionally, selective capture of the hydrophobic components of a protein can be achieved, providing a highly useful strategy for specific peptide enrichment. LDI with on-plate desalting approach has also been successfully applied to peptide analysis from protein digests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jicheng Duan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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35
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Duan J, Linman MJ, Cheng Q. Ultrathin calcinated films on a gold surface for highly effective laser desorption/ionization of biomolecules. Anal Chem 2010; 82:5088-94. [PMID: 20496922 PMCID: PMC6438843 DOI: 10.1021/ac100132x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
We report a nanoscale calcinated silicate film fabricated on a gold substrate for highly effective, matrix-free laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) analysis of biomolecules. The calcinated film is prepared by a layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition/calcination process wherein the thickness of the silicate layer and its surface properties are precisely controlled. The film exhibits outstanding efficiency in LDI-MS with extremely low background noise in the low-mass region, allowing for effective analysis of low mass samples and detection of large biomolecules including amino acids, peptides, and proteins. Additional advantages for the calcinated film include ease of preparation and modification, high reproducibility, low cost, and excellent reusability. Experimental parameters that influence LDI on calcinated films have been systemically investigated. Presence of citric acid in the sample significantly enhances LDI performance by facilitating protonation of the analyte and reducing fragmentation. The wetting property and surface roughness appear to be important factors that manipulate LDI performance of the analytes. This new substrate presents a marked advance in the development of matrix-free mass spectrometric methods and is uniquely suited for analysis of biomolecules over a broad mass range with high sensitivity. It may open new avenues for developing novel technology platforms upon integration with existing methods in microfluidics and optics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jicheng Duan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Matthew J. Linman
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Quan Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
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36
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ARAKAWA R, KAWASAKI H. Functionalized Nanoparticles and Nanostructured Surfaces for Surface-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry. ANAL SCI 2010; 26:1229-40. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.26.1229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryuichi ARAKAWA
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University
| | - Hideya KAWASAKI
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University
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