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Kroonen JS, Wouters AK, de Graaf IJ, Remst DFG, Kumar S, Wachsmann TLA, Teunisse AFAS, Roelands JP, de Miranda NFCC, Griffioen M, Heemskerk MHM, Vertegaal ACO. Targeting epigenetic regulation and post-translational modification with 5-Aza-2' deoxycytidine and SUMO E1 inhibition augments T-cell receptor therapy. J Immunother Cancer 2024; 12:e008654. [PMID: 39326886 PMCID: PMC11425949 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-008654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cellular immunotherapy using modified T cells offers new avenues for cancer treatment. T-cell receptor (TCR) engineering of CD8 T cells enables these cells to recognize tumor-associated antigens and tumor-specific neoantigens. Improving TCR T-cell therapy through increased potency and in vivo persistence will be critical for clinical success. METHODS We evaluated a novel drug combination to enhance TCR therapy in mouse models for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and multiple myeloma (MM). RESULTS Combining TCR therapy with the SUMO E1 inhibitor TAK981 and the DNA methylation inhibitor 5-Aza-2' deoxycytidine resulted in strong antitumor activity in a persistent manner against two in vivo tumor models of established AML and MM. We uncovered that the drug combination caused strong T-cell proliferation, increased cytokine signaling in T cells, improved persistence of T cells, and reduced differentiation towards exhausted phenotype. Simultaneously the drug combination enhanced immunogenicity of the tumor by increasing HLA and co-stimulation and surprisingly reducing inhibitory ligand expression. CONCLUSION Combining T-cell therapy with TAK981 and 5-Aza-2' deoxycytidine may be an important step towards improved clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie S Kroonen
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Anne K Wouters
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ilona J de Graaf
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Dennis F G Remst
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sumit Kumar
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Amina F A S Teunisse
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jessica P Roelands
- Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Marieke Griffioen
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mirjam H M Heemskerk
- Department of Hematology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alfred C O Vertegaal
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Huang F, Zhang L, Zhou Y, Zhao S, Wang J. NrCAM activates the NF-κB signalling pathway by competitively binding to SUMO-1 and promotes Th17 cell differentiation in Graves' disease. Scand J Immunol 2024:e13401. [PMID: 39155774 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanism of neuronal cell adhesion molecule (NrCAM) by regulating Th17 cell differentiation in the pathogenesis of Graves' disease (GD). Naïve CD4+ T cells were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of GD patients and healthy control (HC) subjects. During the differentiation of CD4+ T cells into Th17 cells, NrCAM level in GD group was improved. Interference with NrCAM in CD4+ T cells of GD patients decreased the percentage of Th17 cells. NrCAM overexpression in CD4+ T cells of HC subjects increased the percentage of Th17 cells and upregulated p-IκBα, p50, p65, c-Rel protein expressions, and NF-κB inhibitor BAY11-7082 partially reversed NrCAM effect. NrCAM overexpression promoted the degradation of IκBα, and overexpression of small ubiquitin-related modifier 1 (SUMO-1) inhibited IκBα degradation. NrCAM overexpression reduced IκBα binding to SUMO-1. During Th17 cell differentiation in HC group, NrCAM overexpression increased IL-21 levels and secretion, and IL-21 neutralizing antibody reversed this effect. IL-21 level was decreased after p65 interference in CD4+ T cells of HC subjects. p65 interacts with IL-21 promoter region. In conclusion, NrCAM binds to SUMO-1 and increases phosphorylation of IκBα, leading to activation of NF-κB pathway, which promotes Th17 cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjiao Huang
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yingying Zhou
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuiying Zhao
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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3
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Sriram S, Kim KW, Ljunggren-Rose Å. Targeted DeSUMOylation as a therapeutic strategy for multiple sclerosis. J Neuroimmunol 2024; 392:578371. [PMID: 38788318 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2024.578371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
SUMO (small ubiquitin like modifier) conjugated proteins have emerged as an important post translational modifier of cellular function. SUMOylation modulates several cellular processes involved in transcriptional regulation of genes, protein-protein interactions and DNA damage and repair. Since abnormalities in SUMOylation has been observed in neoplastic and neurodegenerative disorders, the SUMO pathway has become an attractive site for targeting of new therapies to regulate SUMOylation and reduce disease burden. Conjugation of SUMO to their respective substrates is orchestrated by an enzymatic cascade involving three main enzymes, E1, activation enzyme, E2, conjugating enzyme and E3, a protein ligase. Each of these enzymes are therefore potential "druggable" sites for future therapeutics. SUMOylation is a well-known mechanism by which the innate immune response is regulated in response to viral infections and in the adaptive immune response to tumor immunity. We have shown that small molecules which inhibit the SUMO activation pathway are also capable of inhibiting autoimmune response. TAK981 which forms adducts with SUMO and anacardic acid which inhibits the E1 enzyme of the SUMO pathway were effective in preventing the development of experimental allergic encephalitis (EAE), a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. Anacardic acid and TAK981 inhibited activation of TH17 cells and reduced clinical and pathological injury in IL-17 mediated myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) induced EAE. Ginkgolic acid, another known inhibitor of SUMO pathway, was also shown to be effective in reducing the severity of inflammatory arthropathies which is also IL-17 mediated. In addition, the increase in the transcription of myelin genes with TAK981 and anacardic acid improved remyelination in experimental models of demyelination. In the present review paper, we examine the mechanism of action of inhibitors of the SUMO pathway on regulating the immune response and the possibility of the use of these agents as therapeutics for MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sriram
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212, USA.
| | - Kwang Woon Kim
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Åsa Ljunggren-Rose
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
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Nenasheva VV, Stepanenko EA, Tarantul VZ. Multi-Directional Mechanisms of Participation of the TRIM Gene Family in Response of Innate Immune System to Bacterial Infections. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2024; 89:1283-1299. [PMID: 39218025 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297924070101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The multigene TRIM family is an important component of the innate immune system. For a long time, the main function of the genes belonging to this family was believed to be an antiviral defense of the host organism. The issue of their participation in the immune system response to bacterial invasion has been less studied. This review is the first comprehensive analysis of the mechanisms of functioning of the TRIM family genes in response to bacterial infections, which expands our knowledge about the role of TRIM in the innate immune system. When infected with different types of bacteria, individual TRIM proteins regulate inflammatory, interferon, and other responses of the immune system in the cells, and also affect autophagy and apoptosis. Functioning of TRIM proteins in response to bacterial infection, as well as viral infection, often includes ubiquitination and various protein-protein interactions with both bacterial proteins and host cell proteins. At the same time, some TRIM proteins, on the contrary, contribute to the infection development. Different members of the TRIM family possess similar mechanisms of response to viral and bacterial infection, and the final impact of these proteins could vary significantly. New data on the effect of TRIM proteins on bacterial infections make an important contribution to a more detailed understanding of the innate immune system functioning in animals and humans when interacting with pathogens. This data could also be used for the search of new targets for antibacterial defense.
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Karandikar PV, Suh L, Gerstl JVE, Blitz SE, Qu QR, Won SY, Gessler FA, Arnaout O, Smith TR, Peruzzi PP, Yang W, Friedman GK, Bernstock JD. Positioning SUMO as an immunological facilitator of oncolytic viruses for high-grade glioma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1271575. [PMID: 37860820 PMCID: PMC10582965 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1271575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic viral (OV) therapies are promising novel treatment modalities for cancers refractory to conventional treatment, such as glioblastoma, within the central nervous system (CNS). Although OVs have received regulatory approval for use in the CNS, efficacy is hampered by obstacles related to delivery, under-/over-active immune responses, and the "immune-cold" nature of most CNS malignancies. SUMO, the Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier, is a family of proteins that serve as a high-level regulator of a large variety of key physiologic processes including the host immune response. The SUMO pathway has also been implicated in the pathogenesis of both wild-type viruses and CNS malignancies. As such, the intersection of OV biology with the SUMO pathway makes SUMOtherapeutics particularly interesting as adjuvant therapies for the enhancement of OV efficacy alone and in concert with other immunotherapeutic agents. Accordingly, the authors herein provide: 1) an overview of the SUMO pathway and its role in CNS malignancies; 2) describe the current state of CNS-targeted OVs; and 3) describe the interplay between the SUMO pathway and the viral lifecycle and host immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paramesh V. Karandikar
- T. H. Chan School of Medicine, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, MA, United States
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Lyle Suh
- T. H. Chan School of Medicine, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Jakob V. E. Gerstl
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sarah E. Blitz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Qing Rui Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sae-Yeon Won
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Omar Arnaout
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Timothy R. Smith
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Pier Paolo Peruzzi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Multidisciplinary Brain Protection Program, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Gregory K. Friedman
- Department of Neuro-Oncology, Division of Cancer Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Joshua D. Bernstock
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
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Xia J, Jiang S, Dong S, Liao Y, Zhou Y. The Role of Post-Translational Modifications in Regulation of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076126. [PMID: 37047097 PMCID: PMC10093848 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) induce NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and subsequent formation of active caspase-1 as well as the maturation of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and gasdermin D (GSDMD), mediating the occurrence of pyroptosis and inflammation. Aberrant NLRP3 inflammasome activation causes a variety of diseases. Therefore, the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway is a target for prevention and treatment of relative diseases. Recent studies have suggested that NLRP3 inflammasome activity is closely associated with its post-translational modifications (PTMs). This review focuses on PTMs of the components of the NLRP3 inflammasome and the resultant effects on regulation of its activity to provide references for the exploration of the mechanisms by which the NLRP3 inflammasome is activated and controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Songhong Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Shiqi Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Yonghong Liao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Chongqing 402460, China
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Weitz J, Hurtado de Mendoza T, Tiriac H, Lee J, Sun S, Garg B, Patel J, Li K, Baumgartner J, Kelly KJ, Veerapong J, Hosseini M, Chen Y, Lowy AM. An Ex Vivo Organotypic Culture Platform for Functional Interrogation of Human Appendiceal Cancer Reveals a Prominent and Heterogenous Immunological Landscape. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:4793-4806. [PMID: 36067351 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-0980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Epithelial neoplasms of the appendix are difficult to study preclinically given their low incidence, frequent mucinous histology, and absence of a comparable organ in mice for disease modeling. Although surgery is an effective treatment for localized disease, metastatic disease has a poor prognosis as existing therapeutics borrowed from colorectal cancer have limited efficacy. Recent studies reveal that appendiceal cancer has a genomic landscape distinct from colorectal cancer and thus preclinical models to study this disease are a significant unmet need. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We adopted an ex vivo slice model that permits the study of cellular interactions within the tumor microenvironment. Mucinous carcinomatosis peritonei specimens obtained at surgical resection were cutoff using a vibratome to make 150-μm slices cultured in media. RESULTS Slice cultures were viable and maintained their cellular composition regarding the proportion of epithelial, immune cells, and fibroblasts over 7 days. Within donor specimens, we identified a prominent and diverse immune landscape and calcium imaging confirmed that immune cells were functional for 7 days. Given the diverse immune landscape, we treated slices with TAK981, an inhibitor of SUMOylation with known immunomodulatory functions, in early-phase clinical trials. In 5 of 6 donor samples, TAK981-treated slices cultures had reduced viability, and regulatory T cells (Treg). These data were consistent with TAK981 activity in purified Tregs using an in vitro murine model. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates an approach to study appendiceal cancer therapeutics and pathobiology in a preclinical setting. These methods may be broadly applicable to the study of other malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Weitz
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Tatiana Hurtado de Mendoza
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Herve Tiriac
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - James Lee
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Siming Sun
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Bharti Garg
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Jay Patel
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Kevin Li
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Joel Baumgartner
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Kaitlin J Kelly
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Jula Veerapong
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Mojgan Hosseini
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Yuan Chen
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Andrew M Lowy
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, California
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de Melo TC, Trevisan-Silva D, Alvarez-Flores MP, Gomes RN, de Souza MM, Valerio HP, Oliveira DS, DeOcesano-Pereira C, Botosso VF, Calil Jorge SA, Schattner M, Gomez RM, Chudzinski-Tavassi AM. Proteomic Analysis Identifies Molecular Players and Biological Processes Specific to SARS-CoV-2 Exposure in Endothelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:10452. [PMID: 36142365 PMCID: PMC9500950 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been responsible for the severe pandemic of acute respiratory disease, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), experienced in the 21st century. The clinical manifestations range from mild symptoms to abnormal blood coagulation and severe respiratory failure. In severe cases, COVID-19 manifests as a thromboinflammatory disease. Damage to the vascular compartment caused by SARS-CoV-2 has been linked to thrombosis, triggered by an enhanced immune response. The molecular mechanisms underlying endothelial activation have not been fully elucidated. We aimed to identify the proteins correlated to the molecular response of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) after exposure to SARS-CoV-2, which might help to unravel the molecular mechanisms of endothelium activation in COVID-19. In this direction, we exposed HUVECs to SARS-CoV-2 and analyzed the expression of specific cellular receptors, and changes in the proteome of HUVECs at different time points. We identified that HUVECs exhibit non-productive infection without cytopathic effects, in addition to the lack of expression of specific cell receptors known to be essential for SARS-CoV-2 entry into cells. We highlighted the enrichment of the protein SUMOylation pathway and the increase in SUMO2, which was confirmed by orthogonal assays. In conclusion, proteomic analysis revealed that the exposure to SARS-CoV-2 induced oxidative stress and changes in protein abundance and pathways enrichment that resembled endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thatiana Corrêa de Melo
- Centre of Excellence in New Target Discovery (CENTD), Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503900, Brazil
| | - Dilza Trevisan-Silva
- Centre of Excellence in New Target Discovery (CENTD), Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503900, Brazil
| | - Miryam P. Alvarez-Flores
- Centre of Excellence in New Target Discovery (CENTD), Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503900, Brazil
| | - Renata Nascimento Gomes
- Centre of Excellence in New Target Discovery (CENTD), Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503900, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Medina de Souza
- Centre of Excellence in New Target Discovery (CENTD), Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503900, Brazil
| | - Hellen Paula Valerio
- Centre of Excellence in New Target Discovery (CENTD), Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503900, Brazil
| | - Douglas S. Oliveira
- Centre of Excellence in New Target Discovery (CENTD), Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503900, Brazil
| | - Carlos DeOcesano-Pereira
- Centre of Excellence in New Target Discovery (CENTD), Butantan Institute, São Paulo 05503900, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mirta Schattner
- Laboratory of Experimental Thrombosis, Institute of Experimental Medicine (IMEX-CONICET-ANM), Buenos Aires 1425, Argentina
| | - Ricardo M. Gomez
- Laboratory of Animal Viruses, Institute of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, CONICET-UNLP, La Plata 1900, Argentina
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Lara-Ureña N, Jafari V, García-Domínguez M. Cancer-Associated Dysregulation of Sumo Regulators: Proteases and Ligases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:8012. [PMID: 35887358 PMCID: PMC9316396 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23148012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
SUMOylation is a post-translational modification that has emerged in recent decades as a mechanism involved in controlling diverse physiological processes and that is essential in vertebrates. The SUMO pathway is regulated by several enzymes, proteases and ligases being the main actors involved in the control of sumoylation of specific targets. Dysregulation of the expression, localization and function of these enzymes produces physiological changes that can lead to the appearance of different types of cancer, depending on the enzymes and target proteins involved. Among the most studied proteases and ligases, those of the SENP and PIAS families stand out, respectively. While the proteases involved in this pathway have specific SUMO activity, the ligases may have additional functions unrelated to sumoylation, which makes it more difficult to study their SUMO-associated role in cancer process. In this review we update the knowledge and advances in relation to the impact of dysregulation of SUMO proteases and ligases in cancer initiation and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mario García-Domínguez
- Andalusian Centre for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CABIMER), CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla-Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Av. Américo Vespucio 24, 41092 Seville, Spain; (N.L.-U.); (V.J.)
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Sánchez‐Ovando S, Pavlidis S, Kermani NZ, Baines KJ, Barker D, Gibson PG, Wood LG, Adcock IM, Chung KF, Simpson JL, Wark PA. Pathways linked to unresolved inflammation and airway remodelling characterize the transcriptome in two independent severe asthma cohorts. Respirology 2022; 27:730-738. [PMID: 35673765 PMCID: PMC9540453 DOI: 10.1111/resp.14302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background and objective Severe asthma (SA) is a heterogeneous disease. Transcriptomic analysis contributes to the understanding of pathogenesis necessary for developing new therapies. We sought to identify and validate mechanistic pathways of SA across two independent cohorts. Methods Transcriptomic profiles from U‐BIOPRED and Australian NOVocastrian Asthma cohorts were examined and grouped into SA, mild/moderate asthma (MMA) and healthy controls (HCs). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs), canonical pathways and gene sets were identified as central to SA mechanisms if they were significant across both cohorts in either endobronchial biopsies or induced sputum. Results Thirty‐six DEGs and four pathways were shared across cohorts linking to tissue remodelling/repair in biopsies of SA patients, including SUMOylation, NRF2 pathway and oxidative stress pathways. MMA presented a similar profile to HCs. Induced sputum demonstrated IL18R1 as a shared DEG in SA compared with healthy subjects. We identified enrichment of gene sets related to corticosteroid treatment; immune‐related mechanisms; activation of CD4+ T cells, mast cells and IL18R1; and airway remodelling in SA. Conclusion Our results identified differentially expressed pathways that highlight the role of CD4+ T cells, mast cells and pathways linked to ongoing airway remodelling, such as IL18R1, SUMOylation and NRF2 pathways, as likely active mechanisms in the pathogenesis of SA. Transcriptome analysis from endobronchial biopsies and induced sputum from two independent cohorts of adults with severe asthma (SA) (U‐BIOPRED and Australian NOVocastrian Asthma cohort) demonstrated shared differentially expressed pathways previously linked to persistent unresolved inflammation and novel mechanisms of airway remodelling, which may represent potential novel mechanistic pathways involved in the pathogenesis of SA. See relatededitorial
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephany Sánchez‐Ovando
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Faculty of Health and Medicine University of Newcastle Newcastle New South Wales Australia
| | | | | | - Katherine Joanne Baines
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Faculty of Health and Medicine University of Newcastle Newcastle New South Wales Australia
| | - Daniel Barker
- Faculty of Health and Medicine University of Newcastle Newcastle New South Wales Australia
| | - Peter G. Gibson
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Faculty of Health and Medicine University of Newcastle Newcastle New South Wales Australia
- Respiratory and Sleep Medicine John Hunter Hospital NSW New Lambton Heights New South Wales Australia
| | - Lisa G. Wood
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Faculty of Health and Medicine University of Newcastle Newcastle New South Wales Australia
| | - Ian M. Adcock
- National Heart and Lung Institute Imperial College London London UK
| | - Kian Fan Chung
- National Heart and Lung Institute Imperial College London London UK
| | - Jodie Louise Simpson
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Faculty of Health and Medicine University of Newcastle Newcastle New South Wales Australia
| | - Peter A.B. Wark
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Faculty of Health and Medicine University of Newcastle Newcastle New South Wales Australia
- Respiratory and Sleep Medicine John Hunter Hospital NSW New Lambton Heights New South Wales Australia
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Soory A, Ratnaparkhi GS. SUMOylation of Jun fine-tunes the Drosophila gut immune response. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010356. [PMID: 35255103 PMCID: PMC8929699 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modification by the small ubiquitin-like modifier, SUMO can modulate the activity of its conjugated proteins in a plethora of cellular contexts. The effect of SUMO conjugation of proteins during an immune response is poorly understood in Drosophila. We have previously identified that the transcription factor Jra, the Drosophila Jun ortholog and a member of the AP-1 complex is one such SUMO target. Here, we find that Jra is a regulator of the Pseudomonas entomophila induced gut immune gene regulatory network, modulating the expression of a few thousand genes, as measured by quantitative RNA sequencing. Decrease in Jra in gut enterocytes is protective, suggesting that reduction of Jra signaling favors the host over the pathogen. In Jra, lysines 29 and 190 are SUMO conjugation targets, with the JraK29R+K190R double mutant being SUMO conjugation resistant (SCR). Interestingly, a JraSCR fly line, generated by CRISPR/Cas9 based genome editing, is more sensitive to infection, with adults showing a weakened host response and increased proliferation of Pseudomonas. Transcriptome analysis of the guts of JraSCR and JraWT flies suggests that lack of SUMOylation of Jra significantly changes core elements of the immune gene regulatory network, which include antimicrobial agents, secreted ligands, feedback regulators, and transcription factors. Mechanistically, SUMOylation attenuates Jra activity, with the TFs, forkhead, anterior open, activating transcription factor 3 and the master immune regulator Relish being important transcriptional targets. Our study implicates Jra as a major immune regulator, with dynamic SUMO conjugation/deconjugation of Jra modulating the kinetics of the gut immune response. The intestine has a resident population of commensal microorganisms against which the immune machinery is tuned to show low or no reactivity. In contrast, when pathogenic microorganisms are ingested, the gut responds by activating signaling cascades that lead to the killing and clearance of the pathogen. In this study, we examine the role played by the well-known transcription factor Jun in regulating the immune response in the Drosophila gut. We find that loss of Jun leads to the change in intensity and kinetics of the gut immune transcriptome. The transcriptional profile indicates a stronger response when Jun activity is reduced. Also, animals infected with Pseudomonas entomophila live longer when Jun signaling is reduced. Further, we find that Jun is post-translationally modified on Lys29 and Lys190 by SUMO. To understand the effect of SUMO-conjugation of Jun, we create by state-of-the-art CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing a Drosophila line where Jun is resistant to SUMOylation. This line is more sensitive to infection, with a weaker host-defense response. Our data suggest that Jun Signaling favors the pathogen by dampening the immune response. SUMO conjugation of Jun reverses the dampening and strengthens the immune response in favor of the host. Dynamic SUMOylation of Jun thus fine-tunes the gut immune response to pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amarendranath Soory
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education & Research, Pune, india
- * E-mail: (AS); (GR)
| | - Girish S. Ratnaparkhi
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education & Research, Pune, india
- * E-mail: (AS); (GR)
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12
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Sumoylation in Physiology, Pathology and Therapy. Cells 2022; 11:cells11050814. [PMID: 35269436 PMCID: PMC8909597 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Sumoylation is an essential post-translational modification that has evolved to regulate intricate networks within emerging complexities of eukaryotic cells. Thousands of target substrates are modified by SUMO peptides, leading to changes in protein function, stability or localization, often by modulating interactions. At the cellular level, sumoylation functions as a key regulator of transcription, nuclear integrity, proliferation, senescence, lineage commitment and stemness. A growing number of prokaryotic and viral proteins are also emerging as prime sumoylation targets, highlighting the role of this modification during infection and in immune processes. Sumoylation also oversees epigenetic processes. Accordingly, at the physiological level, it acts as a crucial regulator of development. Yet, perhaps the most prominent function of sumoylation, from mammals to plants, is its role in orchestrating organismal responses to environmental stresses ranging from hypoxia to nutrient stress. Consequently, a growing list of pathological conditions, including cancer and neurodegeneration, have now been unambiguously associated with either aberrant sumoylation of specific proteins and/or dysregulated global cellular sumoylation. Therapeutic enforcement of sumoylation can also accomplish remarkable clinical responses in various diseases, notably acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). In this review, we will discuss how this modification is emerging as a novel drug target, highlighting from the perspective of translational medicine, its potential and limitations.
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Mete B, Pekbilir E, Bilge BN, Georgiadou P, Çelik E, Sutlu T, Tabak F, Sahin U. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 impairs sumoylation. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 5:5/6/e202101103. [PMID: 35181598 PMCID: PMC8860096 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202101103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The HIV type 1 dampens host cell sumoylation in vitro and reduces the expression of UBA2 protein, a subunit of the SUMO E1–activating enzyme. In vivo, infection in patients is associated with diminished global leukocyte sumoylation activity. During infection, the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) manipulates host cell mechanisms to its advantage, thereby controlling its replication or latency, and evading immune responses. Sumoylation is an essential post-translational modification that controls vital cellular activities including proliferation, stemness, or anti-viral immunity. SUMO peptides oppose pathogen replication and mediate interferon-dependent anti-viral activities. In turn, several viruses and bacteria attack sumoylation to disarm host immune responses. Here, we show that HIV-1 impairs cellular sumoylation and targets the host SUMO E1–activating enzyme. HIV-1 expression in cultured HEK293 cells or in CD4+ Jurkat T lymphocytes diminishes sumoylation by both SUMO paralogs, SUMO1 and SUMO2/3. HIV-1 causes a sharp and specific decline in UBA2 protein levels, a subunit of the heterodimeric SUMO E1 enzyme, which likely serves to reduce the efficiency of global protein sumoylation. Furthermore, HIV-1–infected individuals display a significant reduction in total leukocyte sumoylation that is uncoupled from HIV-induced cytopenia. Because sumoylation is vital for immune function, T-cell expansion and activity, loss of sumoylation during HIV disease may contribute to immune system deterioration in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilgül Mete
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emre Pekbilir
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bogazici University, Center for Life Sciences and Technologies, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bilge Nur Bilge
- Department of Medical Biology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Panagiota Georgiadou
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bogazici University, Center for Life Sciences and Technologies, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Elif Çelik
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bogazici University, Center for Life Sciences and Technologies, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tolga Sutlu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bogazici University, Center for Life Sciences and Technologies, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fehmi Tabak
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Umut Sahin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bogazici University, Center for Life Sciences and Technologies, Istanbul, Turkey
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Muscari I, Fierabracci A, Adorisio S, Moretti M, Cannarile L, Thi Minh Hong V, Ayroldi E, Delfino DV. Glucocorticoids and natural killer cells: A suppressive relationship. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 198:114930. [PMID: 35149054 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.114930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids exert their pharmacological actions by mimicking and amplifying the function of the endogenous glucocorticoid system's canonical physiological stress response. They affect the immune system at the levels of inflammation and adaptive and innate immunity. These effects are the basis for therapeutic use of glucocorticoids. Innate immunity is the body's first line of defense against disease conditions. It is relatively nonspecific and, among its mediators, natural killer(NK) cells link innate and acquired immunity. NK cell numbers are altered in patients with auto immune diseases, and research suggests that interactions between glucocorticoids and natural killer cells arecritical for successful glucocorticoid therapy. The aim of this review is to summarize these interactions while highlighting the latest and most important developments in this field. Production and release in theblood of endogenous glucocorticoids are strictly regulated by the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis. Aself-regulatory mechanism prevents excessive plasma levels of these hormones. However, exogenousstimuli such as stress, inflammation, infections, cancer, and autoimmune disease can trigger thehypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis response and lead to excessive systemic release of glucocorticoids.Thus, stress stimuli, such as sleep deprivation, intense exercise, depression, viral infections, andcancer, can result in release of glucocorticoids and associated immunosuppressant effects. Among theseeffects are decreases in the numbers and activities of NK cells in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases(e.g., giant cell arteritis, polymyalgia rheumatica, and familial hypogammaglobulinemia).
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Muscari
- Section of Onco-hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fierabracci
- Immunology and Pharmacotherapy Research Area Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Sabrina Adorisio
- Foligno Nursing School, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Foligno, PG, Italy
| | - Marina Moretti
- Section of Onco-hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Lorenza Cannarile
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Emira Ayroldi
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Domenico V Delfino
- Foligno Nursing School, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Foligno, PG, Italy; Section of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
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15
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SUMOylation Regulates BmNPV Replication by Moderating PKIP Intracellular Localization. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10020261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
SUMOylation is a reversible covalent process between a small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) and its target protein and has become a crucial regulator of protein functions. Here, we report that Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) may take advantage of the host SUMOylation system to enhance its own replication, similar to many other viruses. Both the knockdown of BmSUMO by RNAi and chemical blocking by ginkgolic acid both impaired BmNPV replication. Using site mutation and pull-down assays, we found that lysine K70 of the protein kinase-interacting protein (PKIP), which is conserved in all Alphabaculoviruses, was modified by SUMO. Mutation of K70 in PKIP led to its translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. Knockout and rescue experiments showed that the rescue of PKIP mutant virus with wild-type PKIP restored BmNPV replication to the normal level, but this was not true for the K70R mutation. Altogether, these results show that SUMOylation of PKIP plays a key role in BmNPV replication.
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Epstein-Barr Virus BGLF2 commandeers RISC to interfere with cellular miRNA function. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010235. [PMID: 35007297 PMCID: PMC8782528 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) BGLF2 protein is a tegument protein with multiple effects on the cellular environment, including induction of SUMOylation of cellular proteins. Using affinity-purification coupled to mass-spectrometry, we identified the miRNA-Induced Silencing Complex (RISC), essential for miRNA function, as a top interactor of BGLF2. We confirmed BGLF2 interaction with the Ago2 and TNRC6 components of RISC in multiple cell lines and their co-localization in cytoplasmic bodies that also contain the stress granule marker G3BP1. In addition, BGLF2 expression led to the loss of processing bodies in multiple cell types, suggesting disruption of RISC function in mRNA regulation. Consistent with this observation, BGLF2 disrupted Ago2 association with multiple miRNAs. Using let-7 miRNAs as a model, we tested the hypothesis that BGLF2 interfered with the function of RISC in miRNA-mediated mRNA silencing. Using multiple reporter constructs with 3’UTRs containing let-7a regulated sites, we showed that BGLF2 inhibited let-7a miRNA activity dependent on these 3’UTRs, including those from SUMO transcripts which are known to be regulated by let-7 miRNAs. In keeping with these results, we showed that BGLF2 increased the cellular level of unconjugated SUMO proteins without affecting the level of SUMO transcripts. Such an increase in free SUMO is known to drive SUMOylation and would account for the effect of BGLF2 in inducing SUMOylation. We further showed that BGLF2 expression inhibited the loading of let-7 miRNAs into Ago2 proteins, and conversely, that lytic infection with EBV lacking BGLF2 resulted in increased interaction of let-7a and SUMO transcripts with Ago2, relative to WT EBV infection. Therefore, we have identified a novel role for BGLF2 as a miRNA regulator and shown that one outcome of this activity is the dysregulation of SUMO transcripts that leads to increased levels of free SUMO proteins and SUMOylation. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infects most people worldwide, persists for life and is associated with several kinds of cancer. In order to undergo efficient lytic infection, EBV must manipulate multiple cellular pathways. BGLF2 is an EBV lytic protein known to modulate several cellular processes including increasing the modification of cellular proteins with the Small Ubiquitin-Like Modifier (SUMO), a process referred to as SUMOylation. Here we show for the first time that BGLF2 interacts with a cellular complex (RISC) required for miRNA function and interferes with the function of some cellular miRNAs by sequestering this complex. One of the consequences of this effect is the increased expression of SUMO proteins, due to inhibition of the miRNAs that normally downregulate their expression. The resulting increase in SUMO proteins drives SUMOylation, providing a mechanism for the previously reported BGLF2-induced SUMOylation of cellular proteins. In addition, the discovery of BGLF2 as a miRNA regulator suggests that this EBV protein can control many cellular pathways by interfering with cellular miRNAs that normally regulate them.
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17
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Understanding the genomic architecture of clinical mastitis in Bos indicus. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:466. [PMID: 34745817 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-03012-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This study elucidated potential genetic variants and QTLs associated with clinical mastitis incidence traits in Bos indicus breed, Sahiwal. Estimated breeding values for the traits (calculated using Bayesian inference) were used as pseudo-phenotypes for association with genome-wide SNPs and further QTL regions underlying the traits were identified. In all, 25 SNPs were found to be associated with the traits at the genome-wide suggestive threshold (p ≤ 5 × 10-4) and these SNPs were used to define QTL boundaries based on the linkage disequilibrium structure. A total of 16 QTLs were associated with the trait EBVs including seven each for clinical mastitis incidence (CMI) in first and second lactations and two for CMI in third lactation. Nine out of sixteen QTLs overlapped with the already reported QTLs for mastitis traits, whereas seven were adjudged as novel ones. Important candidates for clinical mastitis in the identified QTL regions included DNAJB9, ELMO1, ARHGAP26, NR3C1, CACNB2, RAB4A, GRB2, NUP85, SUMO2, RBPJ, and RAB33B genes. These findings shed light on the genetic architecture of the disease in Bos indicus, and present potential regions for fine mapping and downstream analysis in future.
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Kukkula A, Ojala VK, Mendez LM, Sistonen L, Elenius K, Sundvall M. Therapeutic Potential of Targeting the SUMO Pathway in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4402. [PMID: 34503213 PMCID: PMC8431684 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
SUMOylation is a dynamic and reversible post-translational modification, characterized more than 20 years ago, that regulates protein function at multiple levels. Key oncoproteins and tumor suppressors are SUMO substrates. In addition to alterations in SUMO pathway activity due to conditions typically present in cancer, such as hypoxia, the SUMO machinery components are deregulated at the genomic level in cancer. The delicate balance between SUMOylation and deSUMOylation is regulated by SENP enzymes possessing SUMO-deconjugation activity. Dysregulation of SUMO machinery components can disrupt the balance of SUMOylation, contributing to the tumorigenesis and drug resistance of various cancers in a context-dependent manner. Many molecular mechanisms relevant to the pathogenesis of specific cancers involve SUMO, highlighting the potential relevance of SUMO machinery components as therapeutic targets. Recent advances in the development of inhibitors targeting SUMOylation and deSUMOylation permit evaluation of the therapeutic potential of targeting the SUMO pathway in cancer. Finally, the first drug inhibiting SUMO pathway, TAK-981, is currently also being evaluated in clinical trials in cancer patients. Intriguingly, the inhibition of SUMOylation may also have the potential to activate the anti-tumor immune response. Here, we comprehensively and systematically review the recent developments in understanding the role of SUMOylation in cancer and specifically focus on elaborating the scientific rationale of targeting the SUMO pathway in different cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antti Kukkula
- Cancer Research Unit, FICAN West Cancer Center Laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; (A.K.); (V.K.O.); (K.E.)
| | - Veera K. Ojala
- Cancer Research Unit, FICAN West Cancer Center Laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; (A.K.); (V.K.O.); (K.E.)
- Turku Doctoral Programme of Molecular Medicine, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
- Medicity Research Laboratories, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland;
| | - Lourdes M. Mendez
- Beth Israel Deaconess Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Medicine and Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Lea Sistonen
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland;
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Cell Biology, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Klaus Elenius
- Cancer Research Unit, FICAN West Cancer Center Laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; (A.K.); (V.K.O.); (K.E.)
- Medicity Research Laboratories, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland;
- Department of Oncology, Turku University Hospital, FI-20521 Turku, Finland
| | - Maria Sundvall
- Cancer Research Unit, FICAN West Cancer Center Laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland; (A.K.); (V.K.O.); (K.E.)
- Department of Oncology, Turku University Hospital, FI-20521 Turku, Finland
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K. ST, Joshi G, Arya P, Mahajan V, Chaturvedi A, Mishra RK. SUMO and SUMOylation Pathway at the Forefront of Host Immune Response. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:681057. [PMID: 34336833 PMCID: PMC8316833 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.681057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathogens pose a continuous challenge for the survival of the host species. In response to the pathogens, the host immune system mounts orchestrated defense responses initiating various mechanisms both at the cellular and molecular levels, including multiple post-translational modifications (PTMs) leading to the initiation of signaling pathways. The network of such pathways results in the recruitment of various innate immune components and cells at the site of infection and activation of the adaptive immune cells, which work in synergy to combat the pathogens. Ubiquitination is one of the most commonly used PTMs. Host cells utilize ubiquitination for both temporal and spatial regulation of immune response pathways. Over the last decade, ubiquitin family proteins, particularly small ubiquitin-related modifiers (SUMO), have been widely implicated in host immune response. SUMOs are ubiquitin-like (Ubl) proteins transiently conjugated to a wide variety of proteins through SUMOylation. SUMOs primarily exert their effect on target proteins by covalently modifying them. However, SUMO also engages in a non-covalent interaction with the SUMO-interacting motif (SIM) in target proteins. Unlike ubiquitination, SUMOylation alters localization, interactions, functions, or stability of target proteins. This review provides an overview of the interplay of SUMOylation and immune signaling and development pathways in general. Additionally, we discuss in detail the regulation exerted by covalent SUMO modifications of target proteins, and SIM mediated non-covalent interactions with several effector proteins. In addition, we provide a comprehensive review of the literature on the importance of the SUMO pathway in the development and maintenance of a robust immune system network of the host. We also summarize how pathogens modulate the host SUMO cycle to sustain infectability. Studies dealing mainly with SUMO pathway proteins in the immune system are still in infancy. We anticipate that the field will see a thorough and more directed analysis of the SUMO pathway in regulating different cells and pathways of the immune system. Our current understanding of the importance of the SUMO pathway in the immune system necessitates an urgent need to synthesize specific inhibitors, bioactive regulatory molecules, as novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajeev T. K.
- Nups and SUMO Biology Group, Department of Biological Sciences, IISER Bhopal, Bhopal, India
| | - Garima Joshi
- Nups and SUMO Biology Group, Department of Biological Sciences, IISER Bhopal, Bhopal, India
| | - Pooja Arya
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | - Vibhuti Mahajan
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | - Akanksha Chaturvedi
- National Centre for Cell Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | - Ram Kumar Mishra
- Nups and SUMO Biology Group, Department of Biological Sciences, IISER Bhopal, Bhopal, India
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20
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Sánchez-Ovando S, Simpson JL, Barker D, Baines KJ, Wark PAB. Transcriptomics of biopsies identifies novel genes and pathways linked to neutrophilic inflammation in severe asthma. Clin Exp Allergy 2021; 51:1279-1294. [PMID: 34245071 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe asthma is a complex disease. Transcriptomic profiling has contributed to understanding the pathogenesis of asthma, especially type-2 inflammation. However, there is still poor understanding of non-type-2 asthma, and consequently, there are limited treatment options. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and pathways in endobronchial biopsies associated with inflammatory phenotypes of severe asthma. METHODS This cross-sectional study examined endobronchial biopsies from 47 adults with severe asthma (neutrophilic asthma (NA) n = 9, eosinophilic asthma (EA) n = 22 and paucigranulocytic asthma (PGA) n = 16) and 13 healthy controls (HC). RNA was extracted and transcriptomic profiles generated (Illumina Humanref-12 V4) and analysed using GeneSpring GX14.9.1. Pathway identification using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis. RESULTS NA had the most distinct profile, with signature of 60 top-ranked DEGs (FC >±2) including genes associated with innate immunity response, neutrophil degranulation and IL-10 signalling. NA presented enrichment to pathways previously linked to neutrophilic inflammation; dendritic cell maturation, Th1, TREM1, inflammasome, Th17 and p38 MAPK, as well as novel links to neuroinflammation, NFAT and PKCθ signalling. EA presented similar transcriptomic profiles to PGA and HC. Despite the higher proportion of bacterial colonization in NA, no changes were observed in the transcriptomic profiles of severe asthma culture positive compared with severe asthma culture negative. CONCLUSIONS & CLINICAL RELEVANCE NA features a distinct transcriptomic profile with seven pathways enriched in NA compared to EA, PGA and HC. All those with severe asthma had significant enrichment for SUMOylation, basal cell carcinoma signalling and Wnt/β-catenin pathways compared to HC, despite high-dose inhaled corticosteroids. These findings contribute to the understanding of mechanistic pathways in endobronchial biopsies associated with NA and identify potential novel treatment targets for severe asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephany Sánchez-Ovando
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Jodie L Simpson
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Daniel Barker
- Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Katherine J Baines
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Peter A B Wark
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter Hospital, NSW, Australia
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21
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Bouchard D, Wang W, Yang WC, He S, Garcia A, Matunis MJ. SUMO paralogue-specific functions revealed through systematic analysis of human knockout cell lines and gene expression data. Mol Biol Cell 2021; 32:1849-1866. [PMID: 34232706 PMCID: PMC8684707 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e21-01-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The small ubiquitin-related modifiers (SUMOs) regulate nearly every aspect of cellular function, from gene expression in the nucleus to ion transport at the plasma membrane. In humans, the SUMO pathway has five SUMO paralogues with sequence homologies that range from 45% to 97%. SUMO1 and SUMO2 are the most distantly related paralogues and also the best studied. To what extent SUMO1, SUMO2, and the other paralogues impart unique and nonredundant effects on cellular functions, however, has not been systematically examined and is therefore not fully understood. For instance, knockout studies in mice have revealed conflicting requirements for the paralogues during development and studies in cell culture have relied largely on transient paralogue overexpression or knockdown. To address the existing gap in understanding, we first analyzed SUMO paralogue gene expression levels in normal human tissues and found unique patterns of SUMO1–3 expression across 30 tissue types, suggesting paralogue-specific functions in adult human tissues. To systematically identify and characterize unique and nonredundant functions of the SUMO paralogues in human cells, we next used CRISPR-Cas9 to knock out SUMO1 and SUMO2 expression in osteosarcoma (U2OS) cells. Analysis of these knockout cell lines revealed essential functions for SUMO1 and SUMO2 in regulating cellular morphology, promyelocytic leukemia (PML) nuclear body structure, responses to proteotoxic and genotoxic stress, and control of gene expression. Collectively, our findings reveal nonredundant regulatory roles for SUMO1 and SUMO2 in controlling essential cellular processes and provide a basis for more precise SUMO-targeting therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Bouchard
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Wei-Chih Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Shuying He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Anthony Garcia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Michael J Matunis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205
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Zhang Z, Aweya JJ, Yao D, Zheng Z, Tran NT, Li S, Zhang Y. Ubiquitination as an Important Host-Immune Response Strategy in Penaeid Shrimp: Inferences From Other Species. Front Immunol 2021; 12:697397. [PMID: 34122458 PMCID: PMC8191737 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.697397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Shrimp aquaculture is an essential economic venture globally, but the industry faces numerous challenges, especially pathogenic infections. As invertebrates, shrimp rely mainly on their innate immune system for protection. An increasing number of studies have shown that ubiquitination plays a vital role in the innate immune response to microbial pathogens. As an important form of posttranslational modification (PTM), both hosts and pathogens have exploited ubiquitination and the ubiquitin system as an immune response strategy to outwit the other. This short review brings together recent findings on ubiquitination and how this PTM plays a critical role in immune modulation in penaeid shrimps. Key findings inferred from other species would help guide further studies on ubiquitination as an immune response strategy in shrimp-pathogen interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxue Zhang
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China.,STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Jude Juventus Aweya
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China.,STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Defu Yao
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China.,STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Zhihong Zheng
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China.,STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Ngoc Tuan Tran
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China.,STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Shengkang Li
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China.,STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Yueling Zhang
- Institute of Marine Sciences and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Shantou University, Shantou, China.,STU-UMT Joint Shellfish Research Laboratory, Shantou University, Shantou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
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23
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Langston SP, Grossman S, England D, Afroze R, Bence N, Bowman D, Bump N, Chau R, Chuang BC, Claiborne C, Cohen L, Connolly K, Duffey M, Durvasula N, Freeze S, Gallery M, Galvin K, Gaulin J, Gershman R, Greenspan P, Grieves J, Guo J, Gulavita N, Hailu S, He X, Hoar K, Hu Y, Hu Z, Ito M, Kim MS, Lane SW, Lok D, Lublinsky A, Mallender W, McIntyre C, Minissale J, Mizutani H, Mizutani M, Molchinova N, Ono K, Patil A, Qian M, Riceberg J, Shindi V, Sintchak MD, Song K, Soucy T, Wang Y, Xu H, Yang X, Zawadzka A, Zhang J, Pulukuri SM. Discovery of TAK-981, a First-in-Class Inhibitor of SUMO-Activating Enzyme for the Treatment of Cancer. J Med Chem 2021; 64:2501-2520. [PMID: 33631934 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
SUMOylation is a reversible post-translational modification that regulates protein function through covalent attachment of small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) proteins. The process of SUMOylating proteins involves an enzymatic cascade, the first step of which entails the activation of a SUMO protein through an ATP-dependent process catalyzed by SUMO-activating enzyme (SAE). Here, we describe the identification of TAK-981, a mechanism-based inhibitor of SAE which forms a SUMO-TAK-981 adduct as the inhibitory species within the enzyme catalytic site. Optimization of selectivity against related enzymes as well as enhancement of mean residence time of the adduct were critical to the identification of compounds with potent cellular pathway inhibition and ultimately a prolonged pharmacodynamic effect and efficacy in preclinical tumor models, culminating in the identification of the clinical molecule TAK-981.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven P Langston
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Stephen Grossman
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Dylan England
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Roushan Afroze
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Neil Bence
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Douglas Bowman
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Nancy Bump
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Ryan Chau
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Bei-Ching Chuang
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Christopher Claiborne
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | | | - Kelly Connolly
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Katherine Galvin
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jeffrey Gaulin
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Rachel Gershman
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Paul Greenspan
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jessica Grieves
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jianping Guo
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Nanda Gulavita
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Shumet Hailu
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Xingyue He
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Kara Hoar
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yongbo Hu
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Zhigen Hu
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Mitsuhiro Ito
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-0012, Japan
| | - Mi-Sook Kim
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Scott Weston Lane
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - David Lok
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Anya Lublinsky
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - William Mallender
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Charles McIntyre
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - James Minissale
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Hirotake Mizutani
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Miho Mizutani
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Nina Molchinova
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Koji Ono
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Fujisawa, Kanagawa 251-0012, Japan
| | - Ashok Patil
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Mark Qian
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jessica Riceberg
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Vaishali Shindi
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Michael D Sintchak
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Keli Song
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Teresa Soucy
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Yana Wang
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - He Xu
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Agatha Zawadzka
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Ji Zhang
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Sai M Pulukuri
- Millennium Pharmaceuticals, a wholly owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceuticals Company Ltd., Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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24
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Karhausen J, Ulloa L, Yang W. SUMOylation Connects Cell Stress Responses and Inflammatory Control: Lessons From the Gut as a Model Organ. Front Immunol 2021; 12:646633. [PMID: 33679811 PMCID: PMC7933481 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.646633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Conjugation with the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) constitutes a key post-translational modification regulating the stability, activity, and subcellular localization of its target proteins. However, the vast numbers of identified SUMO substrates obscure a clear view on the function of SUMOylation in health and disease. This article presents a comprehensive review on the physiological relevance of SUMOylation by discussing how global SUMOylation levels—rather than specific protein SUMOylation—shapes the immune response. In particular, we highlight the growing body of work on SUMOylation in intestinal pathologies, because of the unique metabolic, infectious, and inflammatory challenges of this organ. Recent studies show that global SUMOylation can help restrain detrimental inflammation while maintaining immune defenses and tissue integrity. These results warrant further efforts to develop new therapeutic tools and strategies to control SUMOylation in infectious and inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörn Karhausen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Perioperative Organ Protection, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States.,Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Luis Ulloa
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Perioperative Organ Protection, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Center for Perioperative Organ Protection, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
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25
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Liu J, Zhong L, Guo R. The Role of Posttranslational Modification and Mitochondrial Quality Control in Cardiovascular Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6635836. [PMID: 33680284 PMCID: PMC7910068 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6635836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the world. The mechanism behind CVDs has been studied for decades; however, the pathogenesis is still controversial. Mitochondrial homeostasis plays an essential role in maintaining the normal function of the cardiovascular system. The alterations of any protein function in mitochondria may induce abnormal mitochondrial quality control and unexpected mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to CVDs. Posttranslational modifications (PTMs) affect protein function by reversibly changing their conformation. This review summarizes how common and novel PTMs influence the development of CVDs by regulating mitochondrial quality control. It provides not only ideas for future research on the mechanism of some types of CVDs but also ideas for CVD treatments with therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlin Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Li Zhong
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California, USA
| | - Rui Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
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26
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Nakamori Y, Park EJ, Shimaoka M. Immune Deregulation in Sepsis and Septic Shock: Reversing Immune Paralysis by Targeting PD-1/PD-L1 Pathway. Front Immunol 2021; 11:624279. [PMID: 33679715 PMCID: PMC7925640 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.624279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis remains a major problem for human health worldwide, thereby manifesting high rates of morbidity and mortality. Sepsis, once understood as a monophasic sustained hyperinflammation, is currently recognized as a dysregulated host response to infection, with both hyperinflammation and immunoparalysis occurring simultaneously from the earliest stages of sepsis, involving multiple organ dysfunctions. Despite the recent progress in the understanding of the pathophysiology underlying sepsis, no specific treatment to restore immune dysregulation in sepsis has been validated in clinical trials. In recent years, treatment for immune checkpoints such as the programmed cell death protein 1/programmed death ligand (PD-1/PD-L) pathway in tumor-infiltrating T-lymphocytes has been successful in the field of cancer immune therapy. As immune-paralysis in sepsis involves exhausted T-lymphocytes, future clinical applications of checkpoint inhibitors for sepsis are expected. In addition, the functions of PD-1/PD-L on innate lymphoid cells and the role of exosomal forms of PD-L1 warrant further research. Looking back on the history of repeatedly failed clinical trials of immune modulatory therapies for sepsis, sepsis must be recognized as a difficult disease entity for performing clinical trials. A major obstacle that could prevent effective clinical trials of drug candidates is the disease complexity and heterogeneities; clinically diagnosed sepsis could contain multiple sepsis subgroups that suffer different levels of hyper-inflammation and immune-suppression in distinct organs. Thus, the selection of appropriate more homogenous sepsis subgroup is the key for testing the clinical efficacy of experimental therapies targeting specific pathways in either hyperinflammation and/or immunoparalysis. An emerging technology such as artificial intelligence (AI) may help to identify an immune paralysis subgroup who would best be treated by PD-1/PD-L1 pathway inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Nakamori
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | - Eun Jeong Park
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
| | - Motomu Shimaoka
- Department of Molecular Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Mie, Japan
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27
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Wang S, Zhang X, Wang H, Wang Y, Chen P, Wang L. Heat Shock Protein 27 Enhances SUMOylation of Heat Shock Protein B8 to Accelerate the Progression of Breast Cancer. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2021; 190:2464-2477. [PMID: 33222991 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are emerging as valuable potential molecular targets in breast cancer therapy owing to their diverse functions in cancer cells. This study investigated the potential role of heat shock protein 27 (HSP27, also known as HSPB1) in breast cancer through heat shock protein B8 (HSPB8). The correlation between HSP27 and HSPB8 was identified by using co-immunoprecipitation, immunoprecipitation, and SUMOylation assays. Through gain- and loss-of-function approaches in MCF-7 cells, the effect of HSP27 on HSPB8 expression, SUMOylation level, and protein stability of HSPB8, as well as on cell proliferation, migration, and stemness, was elucidated. A mouse xenograft model of breast cancer cells was established to verify the function of HSP27 in vivo. Results indicate that HSP27 and HSPB8 were highly expressed in breast cancer tissues and MCF-7 cells. HSP27 was also found to induce the SUMOylation of HSPB8 at the 106 locus and subsequently increased its protein stability, which resulted in accelerated proliferation, migration, and stemness of breast cancer cells in vitro along with increased tumor metastasis of breast cancer in vivo. However, these results could be reversed by the knockdown of HSPB8. Overall, HSP27 induces SUMOylation of HSPB8 to promote HSPB8 expression, thereby endorsing proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer cells. This study may provide insight for the development of new targets for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- School of Medical Imaging, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China; Department of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Weifang, China; Qingdao Cancer Institute, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinyan Zhang
- Department of Intervention, The Affiliated Weihai Second Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Weihai, China
| | - Haiwei Wang
- Department of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Oncology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Longgang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China.
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28
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Kroonen JS, Vertegaal ACO. Targeting SUMO Signaling to Wrestle Cancer. Trends Cancer 2020; 7:496-510. [PMID: 33353838 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2020.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) signaling cascade is critical for gene expression, genome integrity, and cell cycle progression. In this review, we discuss the important role SUMO may play in cancer and how to target SUMO signaling. Recently developed small molecule inhibitors enable therapeutic targeting of the SUMOylation pathway. Blocking SUMOylation not only leads to reduced cancer cell proliferation but also to an increased antitumor immune response by stimulating interferon (IFN) signaling, indicating that SUMOylation inhibitors have a dual mode of action that can be employed in the fight against cancer. The search for tumor types that can be treated with SUMOylation inhibitors is ongoing. Employing SUMO conjugation inhibitory drugs in the years to come has potential as a new therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie S Kroonen
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333, ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Alfred C O Vertegaal
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333, ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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29
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Maurya S, Jayandharan GR. Gene Therapy: Contest between Adeno-Associated Virus and Host Cells and the Impact of UFMylation. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:3649-3653. [PMID: 32857512 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Adeno-associated virus (AAV)-based gene therapy is currently limited by (1) decline in therapeutic gene expression over time, (2) immune cell activation and (3) neutralization by pre-existing antibodies. Hence, studying the interaction of AAV vectors with various cellular pathways during the production and transduction process is necessary to overcome such barriers. Post-translational modifications (PTM) of AAV vectors during the production and transduction process is known to limit its transduction efficiency and further evoke the immune response. Further, AAV vectors are known to trigger cellular stress, resulting in an upregulation of distinct arms of the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway. Recognition of the AAV genome by Toll-like receptor-9 triggers the myeloid differentiation primary response signaling cascade for innate (IL-6, IFN-α, IFN-β) and adaptive (CD8+ T-cell, B-cell) immune response against the viral capsid and the transgene product. Herein, we highlight a potential intersection of the UPR, PTMs, and intracellular trafficking pathways, which could be fine-tuned to augment the outcome of AAV-based gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubham Maurya
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Giridhara R Jayandharan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
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30
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Kechida M. Update on Autoimmune Diseases Pathogenesis. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:2947-2952. [PMID: 31686634 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190709205421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autoimmune diseases result from the interplay of cellular effectors like T and B cells, regulatory cells in addition to molecular factors like cytokines and regulatory molecules. METHODS Different electronic databases were searched in a non-systematic way to find out the literature of interest. RESULTS Pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases involves typical factors such as genetic background including HLA and non HLA system genes, environmental factors such as infectious agents and inflammatory cells mainly T and B lymphocytes abnormally activated leading to immune dysfunction. Other recently reported less typical factors such as micro-RNAs, circular RNAs, myeloperoxidase, vimentine and microbiome dysbiosis seem to be potential target therapies. CONCLUSION We aimed in this manuscript to review common factors in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melek Kechida
- Internal Medicine and Endocrinology Department of Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, University of Monastir, BP 56 Avenue Taher Haddad, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
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31
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Hegde S, Soory A, Kaduskar B, Ratnaparkhi GS. SUMO conjugation regulates immune signalling. Fly (Austin) 2020; 14:62-79. [PMID: 32777975 PMCID: PMC7714519 DOI: 10.1080/19336934.2020.1808402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are critical drivers and attenuators for proteins that regulate immune signalling cascades in host defence. In this review, we explore functional roles for one such PTM, the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO). Very few of the SUMO conjugation targets identified by proteomic studies have been validated in terms of their roles in host defence. Here, we compare and contrast potential SUMO substrate proteins in immune signalling for flies and mammals, with an emphasis on NFκB pathways. We discuss, using the few mechanistic studies that exist for validated targets, the effect of SUMO conjugation on signalling and also explore current molecular models that explain regulation by SUMO. We also discuss in detail roles of evolutionary conservation of mechanisms, SUMO interaction motifs, crosstalk of SUMO with other PTMs, emerging concepts such as group SUMOylation and finally, the potentially transforming roles for genome-editing technologies in studying the effect of PTMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushmitha Hegde
- Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education & Research (IISER), Pune, India
| | - Amarendranath Soory
- Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education & Research (IISER), Pune, India
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32
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Dehnavi S, Sadeghi M, Penson PE, Banach M, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. The Role of Protein SUMOylation in the Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis. J Clin Med 2019; 8:E1856. [PMID: 31684100 PMCID: PMC6912227 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8111856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a progressive, inflammatory cardiovascular disorder characterized by the development of lipid-filled plaques within arteries. Endothelial cell dysfunction in the walls of blood vessels results in an increase in vascular permeability, alteration of the components of the extracellular matrix, and retention of LDL in the sub-endothelial space, thereby accelerating plaque formation. Epigenetic modification by SUMOylation can influence the surface interactions of target proteins and affect cellular functionality, thereby regulating multiple cellular processes. Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) can modulate NFκB and other proteins such as p53, KLF, and ERK5, which have critical roles in atherogenesis. Furthermore, SUMO regulates leukocyte recruitment and cytokine release and the expression of adherence molecules. In this review, we discuss the regulation by SUMO and SUMOylation modifications of proteins and pathways involved in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Dehnavi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz 6135715794, Iran.
| | - Mahvash Sadeghi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran.
| | - Peter E Penson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK.
| | - Maciej Banach
- Department of Hypertension, WAM University Hospital in Lodz, Medical University of Lodz, Zeromskiego 113, Lodz 93-338, Poland.
- Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute (PMMHRI), Lodz 93-338, Poland.
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9177948564, Iran.
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 9188617871, Iran.
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Kumar R, Sabapathy K. RNF4—A Paradigm for SUMOylation‐Mediated Ubiquitination. Proteomics 2019; 19:e1900185. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201900185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Kumar
- Cancer & Stem Cell Biology Program Duke–NUS Medical School 8 College Road Singapore 169857 Singapore
| | - Kanaga Sabapathy
- Cancer & Stem Cell Biology Program Duke–NUS Medical School 8 College Road Singapore 169857 Singapore
- Laboratory of Molecular Carcinogenesis Division of Cellular & Molecular Research Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research National Cancer Centre Singapore 11 Hospital Drive Singapore 169610 Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry National University of Singapore 8 Medical Drive Singapore 117597 Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology 61 Biopolis Drive Singapore 138673 Singapore
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Dehnavi S, Sadeghi M, Johnston TP, Barreto G, Shohan M, Sahebkar A. The role of protein SUMOylation in rheumatoid arthritis. J Autoimmun 2019; 102:1-7. [PMID: 31078376 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) proteins, as a subgroup of post-translational modifiers, act to change the function of proteins. Through their interactions with different targets, immune pathways, and the responses they elicit, can be affected by these SUMO conjugations. Thus, both a change to protein function and involvement in immune pathways has the potential to promote an efficient immune response to either a pathogenic challenge, or the development of an imbalance that could lead to an autoimmune-based disease. Also, a variety of changes such as mutations and polymorphisms can interfere with common functions of these modifications and move an effective immune response in the direction of an autoimmune disease. The present review discusses the general characteristics of SUMO proteins and focuses on their involvement in rheumatoid arthritis as an autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Dehnavi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mahvash Sadeghi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Thomas P Johnston
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - George Barreto
- Departamento de Nutrición y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia; Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mojtaba Shohan
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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El Asmi F, Brantis-de-Carvalho CE, Blondel D, Chelbi-Alix MK. Rhabdoviruses, Antiviral Defense, and SUMO Pathway. Viruses 2018; 10:v10120686. [PMID: 30513968 PMCID: PMC6316701 DOI: 10.3390/v10120686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Small Ubiquitin-like MOdifier (SUMO) conjugation to proteins has essential roles in several processes including localization, stability, and function of several players implicated in intrinsic and innate immunity. In human, five paralogs of SUMO are known of which three are ubiquitously expressed (SUMO1, 2, and 3). Infection by rhabdoviruses triggers cellular responses through the activation of pattern recognition receptors, which leads to the production and secretion of interferon. This review will focus on the effects of the stable expression of the different SUMO paralogs or Ubc9 depletion on rhabdoviruses-induced interferon production and interferon signaling pathways as well as on the expression and functions of restriction factors conferring the resistance to rhabdoviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faten El Asmi
- INSERM UMR-S 1124, Université Paris Descartes, 75006 Paris, France.
| | | | - Danielle Blondel
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS UMR 9198, Université Paris-Sud, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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Molecular interaction between human SUMO-I and histone like DNA binding protein of Helicobacter pylori (Hup) investigated by NMR and other biophysical tools. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 123:446-456. [PMID: 30439429 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The proteins secreted by bacteria contribute to immune mediated gastric inflammation and epithelial damage; thus aid bacterial invasion in host tissue, and may also interact with host proteins, conspirating a mechanism against host-immune system. The Histone-like DNA binding protein is one of the most abundant nucleoid-associated proteins in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). The protein -referred here as Hup- is also secreted in vitro by H. pylori, thus it may have its role in disease pathogenesis. This is possible only if Hup interact with some human proteins including Small-Ubiquitin-like-Modifier (SUMO) proteins. Studies have established that SUMO-proteins participate in various innate-immune pathways and thus promote an efficient immune response to combat pathogenic infections. Sequence analysis revealed the presence of two SUMO interacting motifs (SIMs) and several positively charged lysine residues on the protein surface of Hup. Additionally, SUMO-proteins epitomize negatively charged surface which confers them the ability to bind to DNA/RNA binding proteins. Based on the presence of SIMs as well as charge complementarity between the proteins, it is legitimate to consider that Hup protein would bind to SUMO-proteins. The present study has been undertaken to establish this interaction for the first time using NMR in combination with ITC and other biophysical techniques.
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Gong X, Liao Y, Ahner A, Larsen MB, Wang X, Bertrand CA, Frizzell RA. Different SUMO paralogues determine the fate of wild-type and mutant CFTRs: biogenesis versus degradation. Mol Biol Cell 2018; 30:4-16. [PMID: 30403549 PMCID: PMC6337916 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e18-04-0252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A pathway for cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) degradation is initiated by Hsp27, which cooperates with Ubc9 and binds to the common F508del mutant to modify it with SUMO-2/3. These SUMO paralogues form polychains, which are recognized by the ubiquitin ligase, RNF4, for proteosomal degradation. Here, protein array analysis identified the SUMO E3, protein inhibitor of activated STAT 4 (PIAS4), which increased wild-type (WT) and F508del CFTR biogenesis in CFBE airway cells. PIAS4 increased immature CFTR threefold and doubled expression of mature CFTR, detected by biochemical and functional assays. In cycloheximide chase assays, PIAS4 slowed immature F508del degradation threefold and stabilized mature WT CFTR at the plasma membrance. PIAS4 knockdown reduced WT and F508del CFTR expression by 40–50%, suggesting a physiological role in CFTR biogenesis. PIAS4 modified F508del CFTR with SUMO-1 in vivo and reduced its conjugation to SUMO-2/3. These SUMO paralogue-specific effects of PIAS4 were reproduced in vitro using purified F508del nucleotide-binding domain 1 and SUMOylation reaction components. PIAS4 reduced endogenous ubiquitin conjugation to F508del CFTR by ∼50% and blocked the impact of RNF4 on mutant CFTR disposal. These findings indicate that different SUMO paralogues determine the fates of WT and mutant CFTRs, and they suggest that a paralogue switch during biogenesis can direct these proteins to different outcomes: biogenesis versus degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Gong
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224
| | - Yong Liao
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224
| | - Annette Ahner
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224
| | - Mads Breum Larsen
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224
| | - Carol A Bertrand
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224
| | - Raymond A Frizzell
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15224
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Molfetta R, Zitti B, Santoni A, Paolini R. Ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like modifiers modulate NK cell-mediated recognition and killing of damaged cells. AIMS ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.3934/allergy.2017.4.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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