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Hao K, Nündel K. Traffic control on the toll road. J Leukoc Biol 2024; 116:207-209. [PMID: 38833592 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiae129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
In B cells, TRAF3 plays a central role in regulating the B cell receptor and the toll-like receptor signaling cascade by inhibiting Syk phospohorylation as well as its localization to the Myddosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyuan Hao
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 364 Plantation St, Worcester, MA 01606, United States
| | - Kerstin Nündel
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, 364 Plantation St, Worcester, MA 01606, United States
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2
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Ybarra TK, Bishop GA. TRAF3 regulation of proximal TLR signaling in B cells. J Leukoc Biol 2024; 116:210-223. [PMID: 38489541 PMCID: PMC11271984 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiae038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors are pattern recognition receptors that bridge the innate and adaptive immune responses and are critical for host defense. Most studies of Toll-like receptors have focused upon their roles in myeloid cells. B lymphocytes express most Toll-like receptors and are responsive to Toll-like receptor ligands, yet Toll-like receptor-mediated signaling in B cells is relatively understudied. This is an important knowledge gap, as Toll-like receptor functions can be cell type specific. In striking contrast to myeloid cells, TRAF3 inhibits TLR-mediated functions in B cells. TRAF3-deficient B cells display enhanced IRF3 and NFκB activation, cytokine production, immunoglobulin isotype switching, and antibody production in response to Toll-like receptors 3, 4, 7, and 9. Here, we address the question of how TRAF3 impacts initial B-cell Toll-like receptor signals to regulate downstream activation. We found that TRAF3 in B cells associated with proximal Toll-like receptor 4 and 7 signaling proteins, including MyD88, TRAF6, and the tyrosine kinase Syk. In the absence of TRAF3, TRAF6 showed a greater association with several Toll-like receptor signaling proteins, suggesting that TRAF3 may inhibit TRAF6 access to Toll-like receptor signaling complexes and thus early Toll-like receptor signaling. In addition, our results highlight a key role for Syk in Toll-like receptor signaling in B cells. In the absence of TRAF3, Syk activation was enhanced in response to ligands for Toll-like receptors 4 and 7, and Syk inhibition reduced downstream Toll-like receptor-mediated NFκB activation and proinflammatory cytokine production. This study reveals multiple mechanisms by which TRAF3 serves as a key negative regulator of early Toll-like receptor signaling events in B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany K Ybarra
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa, 285 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, 285 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
| | - Gail A Bishop
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Immunology, University of Iowa, 285 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, 285 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
- VA Medical Center, University of Iowa, 285 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
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3
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Tkachenko A, Kupcova K, Havranek O. B-Cell Receptor Signaling and Beyond: The Role of Igα (CD79a)/Igβ (CD79b) in Normal and Malignant B Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:10. [PMID: 38203179 PMCID: PMC10779339 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
B-cell receptor (BCR) is a B cell hallmark surface complex regulating multiple cellular processes in normal as well as malignant B cells. Igα (CD79a)/Igβ (CD79b) are essential components of BCR that are indispensable for its functionality, signal initiation, and signal transduction. CD79a/CD79b-mediated BCR signaling is required for the survival of normal as well as malignant B cells via a wide signaling network. Recent studies identified the great complexity of this signaling network and revealed the emerging role of CD79a/CD79b in signal integration. In this review, we have focused on functional features of CD79a/CD79b, summarized signaling consequences of CD79a/CD79b post-translational modifications, and highlighted specifics of CD79a/CD79b interactions within BCR and related signaling cascades. We have reviewed the complex role of CD79a/CD79b in multiple aspects of normal B cell biology and how is the normal BCR signaling affected by lymphoid neoplasms associated CD79A/CD79B mutations. We have also summarized important unresolved questions and highlighted issues that remain to be explored for better understanding of CD79a/CD79b-mediated signal transduction and the eventual identification of additional therapeutically targetable BCR signaling vulnerabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Tkachenko
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prumyslova 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Kupcova
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prumyslova 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic
- First Department of Internal Medicine–Hematology, General University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Havranek
- BIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prumyslova 595, 252 50 Vestec, Czech Republic
- First Department of Internal Medicine–Hematology, General University Hospital and First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 128 08 Prague, Czech Republic
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4
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Ying Z, Hardikar S, Plummer JB, Hamidi T, Liu B, Chen Y, Shen J, Mu Y, McBride KM, Chen T. Enhanced CD19 activity in B cells contributes to immunodeficiency in mice deficient in the ICF syndrome gene Zbtb24. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:1487-1498. [PMID: 37990035 PMCID: PMC10687020 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-01106-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunodeficiency, centromeric instability, and facial anomalies (ICF) syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by DNA hypomethylation and antibody deficiency. It is caused by mutations in DNMT3B, ZBTB24, CDCA7, or HELLS. While progress has been made in elucidating the roles of these genes in regulating DNA methylation, little is known about the pathogenesis of the life-threatening hypogammaglobulinemia phenotype. Here, we show that mice deficient in Zbtb24 in the hematopoietic lineage recapitulate the major clinical features of patients with ICF syndrome. Specifically, Vav-Cre-mediated ablation of Zbtb24 does not affect lymphocyte development but results in reduced plasma cells and low levels of IgM, IgG1, and IgA. Zbtb24-deficient mice are hyper and hypo-responsive to T-dependent and T-independent type 2 antigens, respectively, and marginal zone B-cell activation is impaired. Mechanistically, Zbtb24-deficient B cells show severe loss of DNA methylation in the promoter region of Il5ra (interleukin-5 receptor subunit alpha), and Il5ra derepression leads to elevated CD19 phosphorylation. Heterozygous disruption of Cd19 can revert the hypogammaglobulinemia phenotype of Zbtb24-deficient mice. Our results suggest the potential role of enhanced CD19 activity in immunodeficiency in ICF syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengzhou Ying
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics, College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Swanand Hardikar
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Joshua B Plummer
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Tewfik Hamidi
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Program in Genetics and Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yueping Chen
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jianjun Shen
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Program in Genetics and Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yunxiang Mu
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kevin M McBride
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Program in Genetics and Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Taiping Chen
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
- Program in Genetics and Epigenetics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Vashisht M, Ge H, John J, McKelvey HA, Chen J, Chen Z, Wang JH. TRAF2/3 deficient B cells resist DNA damage-induced apoptosis via NF-κB2/XIAP/cIAP2 axis and IAP antagonist sensitizes mutant lymphomas to chemotherapeutic drugs. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:599. [PMID: 37679334 PMCID: PMC10485046 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06122-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Deletion of TRAF2 or TRAF3 in B cells prolongs their survival. However, it remains unknown whether deletion of such factors affects B cells' ability to tolerate DNA damage, which can be induced by chemotherapeutics and cause apoptosis. Genetic alterations of TRAF2 or TRAF3 are observed in subsets of human B-cell lymphomas and B cell-specific deletion of TRAF3 led to lymphoma development in aged mice. However, it remains unknown whether double deficiency of TRAF2 and TRAF3 accelerates B-cell lymphomagenesis. Here, we showed that B cell-specific TRAF2/3 double deficient (B-TRAF2/3-DKO) B cells were remarkably more resistant to DNA damage-induced apoptosis via upregulating cIAP2 and XIAP, which in turn attenuates caspase-3 activation. Mechanistically, resistance to DNA damage-induced apoptosis required NF-κB2, which effects by upregulating XIAP and cIAP2 transcription. B-TRAF2/3-DKO mice exhibited a shorter lifespan and succumbed to splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy. Unexpectedly, the incidence of B-cell lymphoma development in B-TRAF2/3-DKO mice was relatively rare (∼10%). Sequencing B cell receptor repertoire of diseased B cells revealed that TRAF2/3 deficiency caused abnormal oligoclonal or clonal expansion of B cells. While a fraction of mutant B cells (25-43%) from aged diseased mice harbored recurrent chromosomal translocations, primary B cells isolated from young B-TRAF2/3-DKO mice had no detectable chromosomal alterations, suggesting that TRAF2/3 deficiency per se does not cause evident genomic instability in B cells. Chemo-resistant TRAF3-deficient B-cell lymphomas were sensitized to chemotherapeutic drugs by blocking IAP activity using IAP antagonist. We conclude that double deficiency of TRAF2 and TRAF3 does not accelerate B-cell lymphomagenesis. Our studies provide insight into mechanisms regulating DNA damage-induced apoptosis and may help develop effective therapies targeting mutant B-cell lymphomas using IAP antagonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Vashisht
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Huaibin Ge
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Jessy John
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Harlie A McKelvey
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Jingxin Chen
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Zhangguo Chen
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - Jing H Wang
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
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6
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Le Y, Zhang J, Gong Z, Zhang Z, Nian X, Li X, Yu D, Ma N, Zhou R, Zhang G, Liu B, Yang L, Fu B, Xu X, Yang X. TRAF3 deficiency in MDCK cells improved sensitivity to the influenza A virus. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19246. [PMID: 37681145 PMCID: PMC10481187 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3), an adaptor protein, has significant and varying effects on immunity depending on cell types. The role of TRAF3 in Madin-Darby Canine Kidney Epithelial (MDCK) cell resistance to influenza A virus (IVA) remains elusive. In the present study, CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing technology was used to construct the TRAF3 knockout MDCK cells (MDCK-TRAF3-/-). Hemagglutination assay, plaque assay, transcriptome, and quantitative real-time PCR were performed after IVA infection. The results showed that after IVA infection, HA titers and virus titers were promoted, interferon I-related pathways were significantly blocked, and transcription of several antiviral-related genes was significantly decreased in MDCK-TRAF3-/- cells. Thus, our study suggests that TRAF3 gene knockout reduced MDCK cell's resistance to IVA, thereby resulting in a promising way for IVA isolation and vaccine manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Le
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, 430207, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co.Ltd., 430207, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiayou Zhang
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, 430207, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co.Ltd., 430207, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheng Gong
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, 430207, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co.Ltd., 430207, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhegang Zhang
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, 430207, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co.Ltd., 430207, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuanxuan Nian
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, 430207, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co.Ltd., 430207, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuedan Li
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, 430207, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co.Ltd., 430207, Wuhan, China
| | - Daiguan Yu
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, 430207, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co.Ltd., 430207, Wuhan, China
| | - Ning Ma
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, 430207, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co.Ltd., 430207, Wuhan, China
| | - Rong Zhou
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, 430207, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co.Ltd., 430207, Wuhan, China
| | - Guomei Zhang
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, 430207, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co.Ltd., 430207, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Liu
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, 430207, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co.Ltd., 430207, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu Yang
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, 430207, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co.Ltd., 430207, Wuhan, China
| | - Baiqi Fu
- Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan, 430075, China
| | - Xiuqin Xu
- Wuhan Institute of Biotechnology, Wuhan, 430075, China
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, 430207, Wuhan, China
- Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co.Ltd., 430207, Wuhan, China
- China National Biotech Group Company Limited, 100029, Bejing, China
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7
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Gokhale S, Victor E, Tsai J, Spirollari E, Matracz B, Takatsuka S, Jung J, Kitamura D, Xie P. Upregulated Expression of the IL-9 Receptor on TRAF3-Deficient B Lymphocytes Confers Ig Isotype Switching Responsiveness to IL-9 in the Presence of Antigen Receptor Engagement and IL-4. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2023; 210:1059-1073. [PMID: 36883978 PMCID: PMC10073299 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
The pleiotropic cytokine IL-9 signals to target cells by binding to a heterodimeric receptor consisting of the unique subunit IL-9R and the common subunit γ-chain shared by multiple cytokines of the γ-chain family. In the current study, we found that the expression of IL-9R was strikingly upregulated in mouse naive follicular B cells genetically deficient in TNFR-associated factor 3 (TRAF3), a critical regulator of B cell survival and function. The highly upregulated IL-9R on Traf3-/- follicular B cells conferred responsiveness to IL-9, including IgM production and STAT3 phosphorylation. Interestingly, IL-9 significantly enhanced class switch recombination to IgG1 induced by BCR crosslinking plus IL-4 in Traf3-/- B cells, which was not observed in littermate control B cells. We further demonstrated that blocking the JAK-STAT3 signaling pathway abrogated the enhancing effect of IL-9 on class switch recombination to IgG1 induced by BCR crosslinking plus IL-4 in Traf3-/- B cells. Our study thus revealed, to our knowledge, a novel pathway that TRAF3 suppresses B cell activation and Ig isotype switching by inhibiting IL-9R-JAK-STAT3 signaling. Taken together, our findings provide (to our knowledge) new insights into the TRAF3-IL-9R axis in B cell function and have significant implications for the understanding and treatment of a variety of human diseases involving aberrant B cell activation such as autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Gokhale
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - Eton Victor
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - Jemmie Tsai
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - Eris Spirollari
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - Brygida Matracz
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - Shogo Takatsuka
- Division of Molecular Biology, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences (RIBS), Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Jaeyong Jung
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
- Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - Daisuke Kitamura
- Division of Molecular Biology, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences (RIBS), Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Ping Xie
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey
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Ying Z, Hardikar S, Plummer JB, Hamidi T, Liu B, Chen Y, Shen J, Mu Y, McBride KM, Chen T. Characterization of a mouse model of ICF syndrome reveals enhanced CD19 activation in inducing hypogammaglobulinemia. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.09.531982. [PMID: 36945532 PMCID: PMC10028988 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.09.531982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Immunodeficiency, centromeric instability and facial anomalies (ICF) syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by DNA hypomethylation and antibody deficiency. It is caused by mutations in DNMT3B, ZBTB24, CDCA7 or HELLS . While progress has been made in elucidating the roles of these genes in regulating DNA methylation, little is known about the pathogenesis of the life-threatening hypogammaglobulinemia phenotype. Here we show that mice deficient for Zbtb24 in the hematopoietic lineage recapitulate major clinical features of patients with ICF syndrome. Specifically, Vav-Cre-mediated ablation of Zbtb24 does not affect lymphocyte development but results in reduced plasma cells and low levels of IgM, IgG1 and IgA. Zbtb24 -deficient mice are hyper- and hypo-responsive to T-dependent and Tindependent type 2 antigens, respectively, and marginal zone B cell activation is impaired. B cells from Zbtb24 -deficient mice display elevated CD19 phosphorylation. Heterozygous disruption of Cd19 can revert the hypogammaglobulinemia phenotype in these mice. Mechanistically, Il5ra (interleukin-5 receptor subunit alpha) is derepressed in Zbtb24 -deficient B cells, and elevated IL-5 signaling enhances CD19 phosphorylation. Our results reveal a novel link between IL-5 signaling and CD19 activation and suggest that abnormal CD19 activity contributes to immunodeficiency in ICF syndrome. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT ICF syndrome is a rare immunodeficiency disorder first reported in the 1970s. The lack of appropriate animal models has hindered the investigation of the pathogenesis of antibody deficiency, the major cause of death in ICF syndrome. Here we show that, in mice, disruption of Zbtb24 , one of the ICF-related genes, in the hematopoietic lineage results in low levels of immunoglobulins. Characterization of these mice reveals abnormal B cell activation due to elevated CD19 phosphorylation. Mechanistically, Il5ra (interleukin-5 receptor subunit alpha) is derepressed in Zbtb24 -deficient B cells, and increased IL-5 signaling enhances CD19 phosphorylation.
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9
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Jung J, Gokhale S, Xie P. TRAF3: A novel regulator of mitochondrial physiology and metabolic pathways in B lymphocytes. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1081253. [PMID: 36776285 PMCID: PMC9911533 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1081253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria, the organelle critical for cell survival and metabolism, are exploited by cancer cells and provide an important therapeutic target in cancers. Mitochondria dynamically undergo fission and fusion to maintain their diverse functions. Proteins controlling mitochondrial fission and fusion have been recognized as essential regulators of mitochondrial functions, mitochondrial quality control, and cell survival. In a recent proteomic study, we identified the key mitochondrial fission factor, MFF, as a new interacting protein of TRAF3, a known tumor suppressor of multiple myeloma and other B cell malignancies. This interaction recruits the majority of cytoplasmic TRAF3 to mitochondria, allowing TRAF3 to regulate mitochondrial morphology, mitochondrial functions, and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in resting B lymphocytes. Interestingly, recent transcriptomic, metabolic and lipidomic studies have revealed that TRAF3 also vitally regulates multiple metabolic pathways in B cells, including phospholipid metabolism, glucose metabolism, and ribonucleotide metabolism. Thus, TRAF3 emerges as a novel regulator of mitochondrial physiology and metabolic pathways in B lymphocytes and B cell malignancies. Here we review current knowledge in this area and discuss relevant clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeyong Jung
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States.,Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Samantha Gokhale
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States.,Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - Ping Xie
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States.,Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
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10
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Chromosome-Level Genome Assembly of the Speckled Blue Grouper ( Epinephelus cyanopodus) Provides Insight into Its Adaptive Evolution. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11121810. [PMID: 36552321 PMCID: PMC9775623 DOI: 10.3390/biology11121810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Epinephelus cyanopodus is a coral reef-dwelling grouper with important economic and ecological value and is widely distributed in the western Pacific Ocean. The lack of genomic resources for E. cyanopodus hinders its adaptive evolution and phylogeny research. We constructed the first high-quality genome of E. cyanopodus based on DNBSEQ, PacBio, and Hic sequencing technologies, with a genome size of 998.82 Mb, contig N50 of 5.855 Mb, and scaffold N50 of 41.98 Mb. More than 99.7% of contigs were anchored to 24 pseudochromosomes, and 94.2% of BUSCO genes were found in the E. cyanopodus genome, indicating a high genome assembly completeness. A total of 26,337 protein-coding genes were predicted, of which 98.77% were functionally annotated. Phylogenetic analysis showed that E. cyanopodus separated from its closely related species Epinephelus akaara about 11.5-26.5 million years ago, and the uplift of the Indo-Australian archipelago may have provided an opportunity for its rapid radiation. Moreover, several gene families associated with innate and adaptive immunity were significantly expanded in speckled blue grouper compared to other teleost genomes. Additionally, we identified several genes associated with immunity, growth and reproduction that are under positive selection in E. cyanopodus compared to other groupers, suggesting that E. cyanopodus has evolved broad adaptability in response to complex survival environment, which may provide the genetic basis for its rapid radiation. In brief, the high-quality reference genome of the speckled blue grouper provides a foundation for research on its biological traits and adaptive evolution and will be an important genetic tool to guide aquaculture and resolve its taxonomic controversies in future studies.
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11
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Das A, Foglizzo M, Padala P, Zhu J, Day CL. TRAF trimers form immune signalling networks via RING domain dimerization. FEBS Lett 2022; 597:1213-1224. [PMID: 36310378 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
For many inflammatory cytokines, the response elicited is dependent on the recruitment of the tumour necrosis factor receptor-associated factor (TRAF) family of adaptor proteins. All TRAF proteins have a trimeric C-terminal TRAF domain, while at the N-terminus most TRAFs have a RING domain that forms dimers. The symmetry mismatch of the N- and C-terminal halves of TRAF proteins means that when receptors cluster, it is presumed that RING dimers connect TRAF trimers to form a network. Here, using purified TRAF6 proteins, we provide direct evidence in support of this model, and we show that TRAF6 trimers bind Lys63-linked ubiquitin chains to promote their processive assembly. This study provides critical evidence in support of TRAF trimers as key players in signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anubrita Das
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Martina Foglizzo
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Prasanth Padala
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Jingyi Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Catherine L Day
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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12
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Ibraheem K, Yhmed AMA, Nasef MM, Georgopoulos NT. TRAF3/p38-JNK Signalling Crosstalk with Intracellular-TRAIL/Caspase-10-Induced Apoptosis Accelerates ROS-Driven Cancer Cell-Specific Death by CD40. Cells 2022; 11:cells11203274. [PMID: 36291141 PMCID: PMC9600997 DOI: 10.3390/cells11203274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The capacity to induce tumour-cell specific apoptosis represents the most unique feature of the TNF receptor (TNFR) family member CD40. Recent studies on the signalling events triggered by its membrane-presented ligand CD40L (mCD40L) in normal and malignant epithelial cells have started to unravel an exquisite context and cell type specificity for the functional effects of CD40. Here, we demonstrate that, in comparison to other carcinomas, mCD40L triggered strikingly more rapid apoptosis in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) cells, underpinned by its ability to entrain two concurrently operating signalling axes. CD40 ligation initially activates TNFR-associated factor 3 (TRAF3) and subsequently NADPH oxidase (NOX)/Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1)-signalling and induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to mediate p38/JNK- and ROS-dependent cell death. At that point, p38/JNK signalling directly activates the mitochondrial pathway, and triggers rapid induction of intracellular TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) that signals from internal compartments to initiate extrinsic caspase-10-asscociated apoptosis, leading to truncated Bid (tBid)-activated mitochondrial signalling. p38 and JNK are essential both for direct mitochondrial apoptosis induction and the TRAIL/caspase-10/tBid pathway, but their involvement follows functional hierarchy and temporally controlled interplay, as p38 function is required for JNK phosphorylation. By engaging both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways to activate apoptosis via two signals simultaneously, CD40 can accelerate CRC cell death. Our findings further unravel the multi-faceted properties of the CD40/mCD40L dyad, highlighted by the novel TNFR crosstalk that accelerates tumour cell-specific death, and may have implications for the use of CD40 as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalidah Ibraheem
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Albashir M. A. Yhmed
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Medical Technology, Wadi Alshatti University, Wadi Alshatti P.O. Box 68, Libya
| | - Mohamed M. Nasef
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Nikolaos T. Georgopoulos
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Applied Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)1484-25-6860
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13
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Hornick EL, Stunz LL, Sabree S, Wu X, Witzig TE, Bishop GA. The Tumor Suppressor Protein TRAF3 Modulates GSK3 Activity and Susceptibility of B Lymphoma Cells to GSK3 Inhibition. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14205029. [PMID: 36291813 PMCID: PMC9599470 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14205029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
TNF receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3) is an adapter protein that inhibits many signals that promote B cell survival and activation. Mice with a B cell-specific TRAF3 deficiency and humans with a rare haploinsufficiency in TRAF3 have enhanced development of BCLs as they age. Loss-of-function mutations in TRAF3 are common in B cell malignancies. Recent studies show that pharmacological inhibition of the enzyme glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3), which regulates cellular growth, survival, and metabolism, inhibits growth and survival of BCL-derived B cells. In this study, we found that TRAF3 and GSK3 associated in B cells. The relative levels of TRAF3 in BCL cell lines correlated positively with the ratio of inactive to total GSK3β, and negatively correlated with susceptibility to GSK3 inhibition by the GSK3 inhibitory drug 9-ING-41, currently in clinical trials. Uniquely in BCLs with low TRAF3, GSK3 inhibition caused increased loss of the TRAF3-regulated, anti-apoptotic protein Mcl-1. GSK3 inhibition also blocked hyperresponsiveness to IL-6 receptor signaling in TRAF3-deficient BCL cells. Together, these results support the utility of 9-ING-41 as a treatment for BCL, and suggest that a decrease or loss of TRAF3 in BCLs could act as a biomarker for increased susceptibility to GSK3 inhibitor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L. Hornick
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Laura L. Stunz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Veterans Administration Medical Center, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Shakoora Sabree
- Graduate Program in Immunology and MSTP Program, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Xiaosheng Wu
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Thomas E. Witzig
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Gail A. Bishop
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Veterans Administration Medical Center, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Graduate Program in Immunology and MSTP Program, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Correspondence:
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14
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Rae W, Sowerby JM, Verhoeven D, Youssef M, Kotagiri P, Savinykh N, Coomber EL, Boneparth A, Chan A, Gong C, Jansen MH, du Long R, Santilli G, Simeoni I, Stephens J, Wu K, Zinicola M, Allen HL, Baxendale H, Kumararatne D, Gkrania-Klotsas E, Scheffler Mendoza SC, Yamazaki-Nakashimada MA, Ruiz LB, Rojas-Maruri CM, Lugo Reyes SO, Lyons PA, Williams AP, Hodson DJ, Bishop GA, Thrasher AJ, Thomas DC, Murphy MP, Vyse TJ, Milner JD, Kuijpers TW, Smith KGC. Immunodeficiency, autoimmunity, and increased risk of B cell malignancy in humans with TRAF3 mutations. Sci Immunol 2022; 7:eabn3800. [PMID: 35960817 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abn3800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3) is a central regulator of immunity. TRAF3 is often somatically mutated in B cell malignancies, but its role in human immunity is not defined. Here, in five unrelated families, we describe an immune dysregulation syndrome of recurrent bacterial infections, autoimmunity, systemic inflammation, B cell lymphoproliferation, and hypergammaglobulinemia. Affected individuals each had monoallelic mutations in TRAF3 that reduced TRAF3 expression. Immunophenotyping showed that patients' B cells were dysregulated, exhibiting increased nuclear factor-κB 2 activation, elevated mitochondrial respiration, and heightened inflammatory responses. Patients had mild CD4+ T cell lymphopenia, with a reduced proportion of naïve T cells but increased regulatory T cells and circulating T follicular helper cells. Guided by this clinical phenotype, targeted analyses demonstrated that common genetic variants, which also reduce TRAF3 expression, are associated with an increased risk of B cell malignancies, systemic lupus erythematosus, higher immunoglobulin levels, and bacterial infections in the wider population. Reduced TRAF3 conveys disease risks by driving B cell hyperactivity via intrinsic activation of multiple intracellular proinflammatory pathways and increased mitochondrial respiration, with a likely contribution from dysregulated T cell help. Thus, we define monogenic TRAF3 haploinsufficiency syndrome and demonstrate how common TRAF3 variants affect a range of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Rae
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - John M Sowerby
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Dorit Verhoeven
- Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center (AUMC), University of Amsterdam, Department of Pediatric Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam University Medical Center (AUMC), University of Amsterdam, Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mariam Youssef
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Prasanti Kotagiri
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Natalia Savinykh
- NIHR Cambridge BRC Cell Phenotyping Hub, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eve L Coomber
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alexis Boneparth
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Angela Chan
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chun Gong
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Machiel H Jansen
- Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center (AUMC), University of Amsterdam, Department of Pediatric Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam University Medical Center (AUMC), University of Amsterdam, Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Romy du Long
- Amsterdam University Center (AUMC), University of Amsterdam, Department of Pathology, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Ilenia Simeoni
- Department of Hematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR Bioresource-Rare Diseases, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jonathan Stephens
- Department of Hematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- NIHR Bioresource-Rare Diseases, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kejia Wu
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Marta Zinicola
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Hana Lango Allen
- NIHR Bioresource-Rare Diseases, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Helen Baxendale
- Cambridge Centre for Lung Infection, Royal Papworth Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Dinakantha Kumararatne
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Effrossyni Gkrania-Klotsas
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Cambridge University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Selma C Scheffler Mendoza
- Clinical Immunology Service, National Institute of Pediatrics, Secretariat of Health, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Laura Berrón Ruiz
- Immune Deficiencies Laboratory, National Institute of Pediatrics, Secretariat of Health, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Saul O Lugo Reyes
- Immune Deficiencies Laboratory, National Institute of Pediatrics, Secretariat of Health, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Paul A Lyons
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anthony P Williams
- Wessex Investigational Sciences Hub, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Daniel J Hodson
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Gail A Bishop
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, IA, USA
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Adrian J Thrasher
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
- Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - David C Thomas
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Center for Inflammatory Diseases, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Michael P Murphy
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Timothy J Vyse
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Joshua D Milner
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Taco W Kuijpers
- Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center (AUMC), University of Amsterdam, Department of Pediatric Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Amsterdam University Medical Center (AUMC), University of Amsterdam, Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Kenneth G C Smith
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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15
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DING X, TANG X, HOU Y. Comparative studies on the structure, biological activity and molecular mechanisms of polysaccharides from Boletus aereus (BA-T) and Pleurotus cornucopiae (PC-1). FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.50421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang DING
- China West Normal University, China; China West Normal University, China
| | | | - Yiling HOU
- China West Normal University, China; Sichuan Institute of Atomic Energy, China; Departmental and Municipal Co-construction of Crops Genetic Improvement of Hill Land Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China
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16
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Li H, Hostager BS, Arkee T, Bishop GA. Multiple mechanisms for TRAF3-mediated regulation of the T cell costimulatory receptor GITR. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101097. [PMID: 34418432 PMCID: PMC8441216 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-associated factor 3 (TRAF3) plays context-specific roles in multiple receptor-mediated signaling pathways in different cell types. Mice lacking TRAF3 in T cells display defective T-cell-mediated immune responses to immunization and infection and demonstrate defective early signaling via the TCR complex. However, the role of TRAF3 in the function of GITR/TNFRSF18, an important costimulatory member of the TNFR superfamily, is unclear. Here we investigated the impact of T cell TRAF3 status on both GITR expression and activation of specific kinases in the GITR signaling pathway in T cells. Our results indicate that TRAF3 negatively regulates GITR functions in several ways. First, expression of GITR protein was elevated in TRAF3-deficient T cells, resulting from both transcriptional and posttranslational regulation that led to greater GITR transcript levels, as well as enhanced GITR protein stability. TRAF3 associated with T cell GITR in a manner dependent upon GITR ligation. TRAF3 also inhibited several events of the GITR mediated early signaling cascade, in a manner independent of recruitment of phosphatases, a mechanism by which TRAF3 inhibits signaling through several other cytokine receptors. These results add new information to our understanding of GITR signaling and function in T cells, which is relevant to the potential use of GITR to enhance immune therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanzeng Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Bruce S Hostager
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Tina Arkee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Gail A Bishop
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA; Research, Iowa City VA Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
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17
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So T. The immunological significance of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factors (TRAFs). Int Immunol 2021; 34:7-20. [PMID: 34453532 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxab058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-associated factor (TRAF) family of molecules are intracellular signaling adaptors and control diverse signaling pathways mediated not only by the TNFR superfamily and the Toll-like receptor/interleukin-1 receptor superfamily but also by unconventional cytokine receptors such as IL-6 and IL-17 receptors. There are seven family members, TRAF1 to TRAF7, in mammals. Exaggerated immune responses induced through TRAF signaling downstream of these receptors often lead to inflammatory and autoimmune diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis and autoinflammatory syndromes, and thus those signals are major targets for therapeutic intervention. For this reason, it has been very important to understand signaling mechanisms regulated by TRAFs that greatly impact on life/death decisions and the activation, differentiation and survival of cells of the innate and adaptive immune systems. Accumulating evidence suggests that dysregulated cellular expression and/or signaling of TRAFs causes overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines, which facilitates aberrant activation of immune cells. In this review, I will explain the structural and functional aspects that are responsible for the cellular activity and disease outcomes of TRAFs, and summarize the findings of recent studies on TRAFs in terms of how individual TRAF family molecules regulates biological and disease processes in the body in both positive and negative ways. This review also discusses how TRAF mutations contribute to human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takanori So
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama, Japan
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18
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Wang F, Cui D, Zhang Q, Shao Y, Zheng B, Chen L, Luo Y, Yuan L, Wang D. LncRNA00492 is required for marginal zone B-cell development. Immunology 2021; 165:88-98. [PMID: 34435359 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
B-cell development undergoes a series of steps from the bone marrow to the secondary lymphoid organs. A defect in B-cell development can lead to immunodeficiency or malignant disorders, such as leukaemia or lymphoma. Long non-coding RNAs have been reported to act as important regulators of many pathological processes. However, very little is known regarding the role of lncRNAs during B-cell development and the regulation of their expression. In this study, we explored the expression and role of lncRNA Gme00492 in B-cell development. We observed that lnc00492 was highly expressed in B-cell development and primarily expressed in the nucleus. Lnc00492-deficient mice had fewer marginal zone B cells in the spleen, likely due to a developmental block. Importantly, lnc00492 interacts with CTBP1 and targets it for ubiquitination and degradation during B-cell development, whereas the transcriptional corepressor factor CTBP1 plays a critical role in Notch2 signalling. Thus, we identified a novel regulatory axis between lnc00492 and CTBP1 in B cells, suggesting that lnc00492 is essential for marginal zone B-cell development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faming Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dongya Cui
- Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.,The Key Laboratories of Innate Immune Biology of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qingyun Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yingying Shao
- Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Baijiao Zheng
- Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.,The Key Laboratories of Innate Immune Biology of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, China
| | - Liling Chen
- Biomedical Research Center of South China, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.,The Key Laboratories of Innate Immune Biology of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yao Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liudi Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory for Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Demin Wang
- Blood Research Institute, Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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19
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Rip J, de Bruijn MJW, Neys SFH, Singh SP, Willar J, van Hulst JAC, Hendriks RW, Corneth OBJ. Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibition induces rewiring of proximal and distal B-cell receptor signaling in mice. Eur J Immunol 2021; 51:2251-2265. [PMID: 34323286 PMCID: PMC9291019 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202048968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Bruton′s tyrosine kinase (Btk) is a crucial signaling molecule in BCR signaling and a key regulator of B‐ cell differentiation and function. Btk inhibition has shown impressive clinical efficacy in various B‐cell malignancies. However, it remains unknown whether inhibition additionally induces changes in BCR signaling due to feedback mechanisms, a phenomenon referred to as BCR rewiring. In this report, we studied the impact of Btk activity on major components of the BCR signaling pathway in mice. As expected, NF‐κB and Akt/S6 signaling was decreased in Btk‐deficient B cells. Unexpectedly, phosphorylation of several proximal signaling molecules, including CD79a, Syk, and PI3K, as well as the key Btk‐effector PLCγ2 and the more downstream kinase Erk, were significantly increased. This pattern of BCR rewiring was essentially opposite in B cells from transgenic mice overexpressing Btk. Importantly, prolonged Btk inhibitor treatment of WT mice or mice engrafted with leukemic B cells also resulted in increased phosho‐CD79a and phospho‐PLCγ2 in B cells. Our findings show that Btk enzymatic function determines phosphorylation of proximal and distal BCR signaling molecules in B cells. We conclude that Btk inhibitor treatment results in rewiring of BCR signaling, which may affect both malignant and healthy B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper Rip
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein J W de Bruijn
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan F H Neys
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Simar Pal Singh
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jonas Willar
- Department of Biology, Institute of Genetics, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jennifer A C van Hulst
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rudi W Hendriks
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Odilia B J Corneth
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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20
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Schweighoffer E, Tybulewicz VL. BAFF signaling in health and disease. Curr Opin Immunol 2021; 71:124-131. [PMID: 34352467 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2021.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BAFF is a critical cytokine supporting the survival of mature naïve B cells, acting through the BAFFR receptor. Recent studies show that BAFF and BAFFR are also required for the survival of memory B cells, autoimmune B cells as well as malignant chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) cells. BAFFR cooperates with other receptors, notably the B cell antigen receptor (BCR), a process which is critical for the expansion of autoimmune and CLL cells. This crosstalk may be mediated by TRAF3 which interacts with BAFFR and with CD79A, a signalling subunit of the BCR and the downstream SYK kinase, inhibiting its activity. BAFF binding to BAFFR leads to degradation of TRAF3 which may relieve inhibition of SYK activity transducing signals to pathways required for B cell survival. BAFFR activates both canonical and non-canonical NF-κB signalling and both pathways play important roles in the survival of B cells and CLL cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Victor Lj Tybulewicz
- The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK; Department of Immunology & Inflammation, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK.
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