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Zheng YY, Haruehanroengra P, Yadav PK, Irani S, Mao S, Wang T, Hussain MM, Sheng J. Synthesis of Novel MicroRNA-30c Analogs to Reduce Apolipoprotein B Secretion in Human Hepatoma Cells. Bio Protoc 2022; 12:e4574. [PMID: 36618093 PMCID: PMC9797360 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.4574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, a condition characterized by thickening of the arteries due to lipid deposition, is the major contributor to and hallmark of cardiovascular disease. Although great progress has been made in lowering the lipid plaques in patients, the conventional therapies fail to address the needs of those that are intolerant or non-responsive to the treatment. Therefore, additional novel therapeutic approaches are warranted. We have previously shown that increasing the cellular amounts of microRNA-30c (miR-30c) with the aid of viral vectors or liposomes can successfully reduce plasma cholesterol and atherosclerosis in mice. To avoid the use of viruses and liposomes, we have developed new methods to synthesize novel miR-30c analogs with increasing potency and efficacy, including 2'-O-methyl (2'OMe), 2'-fluoro (2'F), pseudouridine (ᴪ), phosphorothioate (PS), and N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc). The discovery of these modifications has profoundly impacted the modern RNA therapeutics, as evidenced by their increased nuclease stability and reduction in immune responses. We show that modifications on the passenger strand of miR-30c not only stabilize the duplex but also aid in a more readily uptake by the cells without the aid of viral vectors or lipid emulsions. After uptake, the analogs with PS linkages and GalNAc-modified ribonucleotides significantly reduce the secretion of apolipoprotein B (ApoB) without affecting apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) in human hepatoma Huh-7 cells. We envision an enormous potential for these modified miR-30c analogs in therapeutic intervention for treating cardiovascular diseases. This protocol was validated in: J Biol Chem (2021), DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101813.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Ying Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, and The RNA Institute, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | | | - Pradeep Kumar Yadav
- Department of Foundations of Medicine, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY 11501, USA
| | - Sarah Irani
- Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Song Mao
- Department of Chemistry, and The RNA Institute, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Chemistry, and The RNA Institute, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | - Mahmood M. Hussain
- Department of Foundations of Medicine, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY 11501, USA
,
Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
,
VA New York Harbor Healthcare System, Brooklyn, NY 11209, USA
,
*For correspondence:
;
| | - Jia Sheng
- Department of Chemistry, and The RNA Institute, University at Albany, SUNY, Albany, NY 12222, USA
,
*For correspondence:
;
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He Y, Chen J, Ma Y, Chen H. Apolipoproteins: New players in cancers. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1051280. [PMID: 36506554 PMCID: PMC9732396 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1051280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Apolipoproteins (APOs), the primary protein moiety of lipoproteins, are known for their crucial role in lipid traffic and metabolism. Despite extensive exploration of APOs in cardiovascular diseases, their roles in cancers did not attract enough attention. Recently, research focusing on the roles of APOs in cancers has flourished. Multiple studies demonstrate the interaction of APOs with classical pathways of tumorigenesis. Besides, the dysregulation of APOs may indicate cancer occurrence and progression, thus serving as potential biomarkers for cancer patients. Herein, we summarize the mechanisms of APOs involved in the development of various cancers, their applications as cancer biomarkers and their genetic polymorphism associated with cancer risk. Additionally, we also discuss the potential anti-cancer therapies by virtue of APOs. The comprehensive review of APOs in cancers may advance the understanding of the roles of APOs in cancers and their potential mechanisms. We hope that it will provide novel clues and new therapeutic strategies for cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingcheng He
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China,Medical Department, Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jianrui Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China,Medical Department, Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yanbing Ma
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China,Medical Department, Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hongping Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Experimental Animals, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China,*Correspondence: Hongping Chen,
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3
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Anaganti N, Chattopadhyay A, Poirier JT, Hussain MM. Generation of hepatoma cell lines deficient in microsomal triglyceride transfer protein. J Lipid Res 2022; 63:100257. [PMID: 35931202 PMCID: PMC9405095 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2022.100257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) is essential for the secretion of apolipoprotein B (apoB)48- and apoB100-containing lipoproteins in the intestine and liver, respectively. Loss of function mutations in MTP cause abetalipoproteinemia. Heterologous cells are used to evaluate the function of MTP in apoB secretion to avoid background MTP activity in liver and intestine-derived cells. However, these systems are not suitable to study the role of MTP in the secretion of apoB100-containing lipoproteins, as expression of a large apoB100 peptide using plasmids is difficult. Here, we report a new cell culture model amenable for studying the role of different MTP mutations on apoB100 secretion. The endogenous MTTP gene was ablated in human hepatoma Huh-7 cells using single guide RNA and RNA-guided clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-associated sequence 9 ribonucleoprotein complexes. We successfully established three different clones that did not express any detectable MTTP mRNA or MTP protein or activity. These cells were defective in secreting apoB-containing lipoproteins and accumulated lipids. Furthermore, we show that transfection of these cells with plasmids expressing human MTTP cDNA resulted in the expression of MTP protein, restoration of triglyceride transfer activity, and secretion of apoB100. Thus, these new cells can be valuable tools for studying structure-function of MTP, roles of different missense mutations in various lipid transfer activities of MTP, and their ability to support apoB100 secretion, compensatory changes associated with loss of MTP, and in the identification of novel proteins that may require MTP for their synthesis and secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narasimha Anaganti
- Department of Foundations of Medicine, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY, USA
| | - Atrayee Chattopadhyay
- Department of Foundations of Medicine, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY, USA
| | - John T Poirier
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - M Mahmood Hussain
- Department of Foundations of Medicine, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY, USA; VA New York Harbor Healthcare System, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
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4
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Iqbal J, Suarez MD, Yadav PK, Walsh MT, Li Y, Wu Y, Huang Z, James AW, Escobar V, Mokbe A, Brickman AM, Luchsinger JA, Dai K, Moreno H, Hussain MM. ATP-binding cassette protein ABCA7 deficiency impairs sphingomyelin synthesis, cognitive discrimination, and synaptic plasticity in the entorhinal cortex. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102411. [PMID: 36007616 PMCID: PMC9513280 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sphingomyelin (SM) is an abundant plasma membrane and plasma lipoprotein sphingolipid. We previously reported that ATP-binding cassette family A protein 1 (ABCA1) deficiency in humans and mice decreases plasma SM levels. However, overexpression, induction, downregulation, inhibition, and knockdown of ABCA1 in human hepatoma Huh7 cells did not decrease SM efflux. Using unbiased siRNA screening, here we identified that ABCA7 plays a role in the biosynthesis and efflux of SM without affecting cellular uptake and metabolism. Since loss of function mutations in the ABCA7 gene exhibit strong associations with late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) across racial groups, we also studied the effects of ABCA7 deficiency in the mouse brain. Brains of ABCA7-deficient (KO) mice, compared with wild type (WT), had significantly lower levels of several SM species with long chain fatty acids. In addition, we observed that older KO mice exhibited behavioral deficits in cognitive discrimination in the active place avoidance task. Next, we performed synaptic transmission studies in brain slices obtained from older mice. We found anomalies in synaptic plasticity at the intracortical layer II/III lateral entorhinal cortex synapse but not in the hippocampal synapses in KO mice. These synaptic abnormalities in KO brain slices were rescued with extracellular SM supplementation, but not by supplementation with phosphatidylcholine. Taken together, these studies identify a role of ABCA7 in brain SM metabolism and the importance of SM in synaptic plasticity and cognition, as well as provide a possible explanation for the association between ABCA7 and LOAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jahangir Iqbal
- Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manuel D Suarez
- Departments of Neurology and Physiology/Pharmacology, The Robert F. Furchgott Center for Neural and Behavioral Science, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, and Kings County Hospital, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Pradeep K Yadav
- Department of Foundations of Medicine, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY
| | - Meghan T Walsh
- Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Yimeng Li
- Institute of Mental Health, the Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325007, China
| | - Yiyang Wu
- Institute of Mental Health, the Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325007, China
| | - Zhengwei Huang
- Institute of Mental Health, the Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325007, China
| | | | - Victor Escobar
- Departments of Neurology and Physiology/Pharmacology, The Robert F. Furchgott Center for Neural and Behavioral Science, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, and Kings County Hospital, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Ashwag Mokbe
- Departments of Neurology and Physiology/Pharmacology, The Robert F. Furchgott Center for Neural and Behavioral Science, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, and Kings County Hospital, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Adam M Brickman
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's disease and the Aging Brain and Department of Neurology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY
| | - José A Luchsinger
- Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Kezhi Dai
- Institute of Mental Health, the Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325007, China; School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Herman Moreno
- Departments of Neurology and Physiology/Pharmacology, The Robert F. Furchgott Center for Neural and Behavioral Science, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, and Kings County Hospital, Brooklyn, NY.
| | - M Mahmood Hussain
- Department of Cell Biology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA; Department of Foundations of Medicine, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY.
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5
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Keshavarz Alikhani H, Pourhamzeh M, Seydi H, Shokoohian B, Hossein-khannazer N, Jamshidi-adegani F, Al-Hashmi S, Hassan M, Vosough M. Regulatory Non-Coding RNAs in Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Theranostic Applications. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:894800. [PMID: 35813199 PMCID: PMC9260315 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.894800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a common monogenic disease which is associated with high serum levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and leads to atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Early diagnosis and effective treatment strategy can significantly improve prognosis. Recently, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and innovative targets for therapeutics. Non-coding RNAs have essential roles in the regulation of LDL-C homeostasis, suggesting that manipulation and regulating ncRNAs could be a promising theranostic approach to ameliorate clinical complications of FH, particularly cardiovascular disease. In this review, we briefly discussed the mechanisms and pathophysiology of FH and novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of FH. Moreover, the theranostic effects of different non-coding RNAs for the treatment and diagnosis of FH were highlighted. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of ncRNA-based therapies vs. conventional therapies were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani Keshavarz Alikhani
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Pourhamzeh
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Homeyra Seydi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahare Shokoohian
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nikoo Hossein-khannazer
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Jamshidi-adegani
- Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Sulaiman Al-Hashmi
- Laboratory for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Moustapha Hassan
- Experimental Cancer Medicine, Institution for Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Massoud Vosough
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Experimental Cancer Medicine, Institution for Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Massoud Vosough,
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