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Shao Y, Li X, Zhou W, Qian S, Wang L, Fang X. KLF15 ATTENUATES LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE-INDUCED APOPTOSIS AND INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE IN RENAL TUBULAR EPITHELIAL CELLS VIA PPARΔ. Shock 2024; 62:574-581. [PMID: 39227395 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Background: The kidney is the most commonly affected organ in sepsis patients, and Krüppel-like transcription factor 15 (KLF15) has a kidney-protective effect and is highly enriched in the kidneys. This study aims to explore the role of KLF15 in sepsis-related acute kidney injury. Methods: A septic injury model in HK2 cells was established through the administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), followed by the transfection of an overexpression plasmid for KLF15. Cell viability was assessed using Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, and apoptosis was measured via flow cytometry. The levels of inflammatory cytokines were detected using ELISA, and western blot assay was employed to assess the expression of KLF15, PPARδ, as well as inflammatory and apoptosis-related proteins. The interaction between KLF15 and PPARδ was confirmed through the utilization of online databases and immunoprecipitation experiments. The mechanism was further validated using PPARδ agonists and small interfering RNA. Results: LPS-induced HK2 cells showed downregulated expression of KLF15 and PPARδ, along with decreased viability, accompanied by increased levels of apoptosis, TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6. Additionally, LPS upregulated the expression of Bax, cytoplasmic cytochrome C [Cytc (cyt)], Cox-2, and p-NF-κB-p65 in HK2 cells, while simultaneously downregulating the expression of Bcl2 and mitochondrial cytochrome c [Cytc (mit)]. immunoprecipitation experiment revealed a possible interaction between KLF15 and PPARδ in HK2 cells. Ov-KLF15, Ov-PPARδ, or administration of PPARδ agonists effectively alleviated the aforementioned alterations induced by LPS. However, interference with PPARδ significantly attenuated the protective effect of Ov-KLF15 on HK2 cells. Conclusion: KLF15 attenuates LPS-induced apoptosis and inflammatory responses in HK2 cells via PPARδ.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiaojun Li
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wang Zhou
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shaojie Qian
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ligang Wang
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiangming Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, China
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Xiang T, Yang C, Deng Z, Sun D, Luo F, Chen Y. Krüppel-like factors family in health and disease. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e723. [PMID: 39263604 PMCID: PMC11387732 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) are a family of basic transcription factors with three conserved Cys2/His2 zinc finger domains located in their C-terminal regions. It is acknowledged that KLFs exert complicated effects on cell proliferation, differentiation, survival, and responses to stimuli. Dysregulation of KLFs is associated with a range of diseases including cardiovascular disorders, metabolic diseases, autoimmune conditions, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. Their multidimensional roles in modulating critical pathways underscore the significance in both physiological and pathological contexts. Recent research also emphasizes their crucial involvement and complex interplay in the skeletal system. Despite the substantial progress in understanding KLFs and their roles in various cellular processes, several research gaps remain. Here, we elucidated the multifaceted capabilities of KLFs on body health and diseases via various compliable signaling pathways. The associations between KLFs and cellular energy metabolism and epigenetic modification during bone reconstruction have also been summarized. This review helps us better understand the coupling effects and their pivotal functions in multiple systems and detailed mechanisms of bone remodeling and develop potential therapeutic strategies for the clinical treatment of pathological diseases by targeting the KLF family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingwen Xiang
- Department of Orthopedics Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China
| | - Chuan Yang
- Department of Biomedical Materials Science Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China
| | - Zihan Deng
- Department of Orthopedics Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Orthopedics Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China
| | - Fei Luo
- Department of Orthopedics Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China
| | - Yueqi Chen
- Department of Orthopedics Southwest Hospital Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University) Chongqing China
- Department of Orthopedics Chinese PLA 76th Army Corps Hospital Xining China
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Wu HY, Ji ZH, Xie WY, Guo HX, Zheng Y, Gao W, Yuan B. KLF4 promotes milk fat synthesis by regulating the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway and targeting FASN activation in bovine mammary epithelial cells. iScience 2024; 27:109850. [PMID: 38779481 PMCID: PMC11108978 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Milk fat is an important indicator for evaluating the quality of cow's milk. In this study, we used bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) to investigate the role and molecular mechanism of KLF4 in the regulation of milk fat synthesis. The results showed that KLF4 was more highly expressed in mammary tissues of high-fat cows compared with low-fat cows. KLF4 positively regulated the expression of genes related to milk fat synthesis in BMECs, increasing intracellular triglycerides content, and KLF4 promoted milk fat synthesis by activating the PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling pathway. Furthermore, the results of animal experiments also confirmed that knockdown of KLF4 inhibited milk fat synthesis. In addition, yeast one-hybrid assays and dual-luciferase reporter gene assays confirmed that KLF4 directly targets and binds to the fatty acid synthase (FASN) promoter region to promote FASN transcription. These results demonstrate that KLF4 is a key transcription factor for milk fat synthesis in BMECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yu Wu
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
- Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jilin 132101, China
| | - Zhong-Hao Ji
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
- Department of Basic Medicine, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi 046000, Shanxi, China
| | - Wen-Yin Xie
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - Hai-Xiang Guo
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
| | - Bao Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Animals, College of Animal Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, China
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Hogan MP, Holding ML, Nystrom GS, Colston TJ, Bartlett DA, Mason AJ, Ellsworth SA, Rautsaw RM, Lawrence KC, Strickland JL, He B, Fraser P, Margres MJ, Gilbert DM, Gibbs HL, Parkinson CL, Rokyta DR. The genetic regulatory architecture and epigenomic basis for age-related changes in rattlesnake venom. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2313440121. [PMID: 38578985 PMCID: PMC11032440 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2313440121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Developmental phenotypic changes can evolve under selection imposed by age- and size-related ecological differences. Many of these changes occur through programmed alterations to gene expression patterns, but the molecular mechanisms and gene-regulatory networks underlying these adaptive changes remain poorly understood. Many venomous snakes, including the eastern diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus adamanteus), undergo correlated changes in diet and venom expression as snakes grow larger with age, providing models for identifying mechanisms of timed expression changes that underlie adaptive life history traits. By combining a highly contiguous, chromosome-level genome assembly with measures of expression, chromatin accessibility, and histone modifications, we identified cis-regulatory elements and trans-regulatory factors controlling venom ontogeny in the venom glands of C. adamanteus. Ontogenetic expression changes were significantly correlated with epigenomic changes within genes, immediately adjacent to genes (e.g., promoters), and more distant from genes (e.g., enhancers). We identified 37 candidate transcription factors (TFs), with the vast majority being up-regulated in adults. The ontogenetic change is largely driven by an increase in the expression of TFs associated with growth signaling, transcriptional activation, and circadian rhythm/biological timing systems in adults with corresponding epigenomic changes near the differentially expressed venom genes. However, both expression activation and repression contributed to the composition of both adult and juvenile venoms, demonstrating the complexity and potential evolvability of gene regulation for this trait. Overall, given that age-based trait variation is common across the tree of life, we provide a framework for understanding gene-regulatory-network-driven life-history evolution more broadly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P. Hogan
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL32306
| | - Matthew L. Holding
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL32306
- Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Gunnar S. Nystrom
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL32306
| | - Timothy J. Colston
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL32306
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez, Mayagüez, PR00681
| | - Daniel A. Bartlett
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL32306
| | - Andrew J. Mason
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC29634
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH43210
| | - Schyler A. Ellsworth
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL32306
| | - Rhett M. Rautsaw
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC29634
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL33620
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA99164
| | - Kylie C. Lawrence
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL32306
| | - Jason L. Strickland
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC29634
- Department of Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL36688
| | - Bing He
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL32306
| | - Peter Fraser
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL32306
| | - Mark J. Margres
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL33620
| | - David M. Gilbert
- Laboratory of Chromosome Replication and Epigenome Regulation, San Diego Biomedical Research Institute, San Diego, CA92121
| | - H. Lisle Gibbs
- Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH43210
| | - Christopher L. Parkinson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC29634
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Conservation, Clemson University, Clemson, SC29634
| | - Darin R. Rokyta
- Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL32306
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Changizi Z, Kajbaf F, Moslehi A. An Overview of the Role of Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptors in Liver Diseases. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2023; 11:1542-1552. [PMID: 38161499 PMCID: PMC10752810 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2023.00334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are a superfamily of nuclear transcription receptors, consisting of PPARα, PPARγ, and PPARβ/δ, which are highly expressed in the liver. They control and modulate the expression of a large number of genes involved in metabolism and energy homeostasis, oxidative stress, inflammation, and even apoptosis in the liver. Therefore, they have critical roles in the pathophysiology of hepatic diseases. This review provides a general insight into the role of PPARs in liver diseases and some of their agonists in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Changizi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Forough Kajbaf
- Veterinary Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar Branch, Shoushtar, Iran
| | - Azam Moslehi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
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Kawakami R, Matsui H, Matsui M, Iso T, Yokoyama T, Ishii H, Kurabayashi M. Empagliflozin induces the transcriptional program for nutrient homeostasis in skeletal muscle in normal mice. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18025. [PMID: 37865720 PMCID: PMC10590450 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45390-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) improve heart failure (HF) outcomes across a range of patient characteristics. A hypothesis that SGLT2i induce metabolic change similar to fasting has recently been proposed to explain their profound clinical benefits. However, it remains unclear whether SGLT2i primarily induce this change in physiological settings. Here, we demonstrate that empagliflozin administration under ad libitum feeding did not cause weight loss but did increase transcripts of the key nutrient sensors, AMP-activated protein kinase and nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, and the master regulator of mitochondrial gene expression, PGC-1α, in quadriceps muscle in healthy mice. Expression of these genes correlated with that of PPARα and PPARδ target genes related to mitochondrial metabolism and oxidative stress response, and also correlated with serum ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate. These results were not observed in the heart. Collectively, this study revealed that empagliflozin activates transcriptional programs critical for sensing and adaptation to nutrient availability intrinsic to skeletal muscle rather than the heart even in normocaloric condition. As activation of PGC-1α is sufficient for metabolic switch from fatigable, glycolytic metabolism toward fatigue-resistant, oxidative mechanism in skeletal muscle myofibers, our findings may partly explain the improvement of exercise tolerance in patients with HF receiving empagliflozin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Kawakami
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Hiroki Matsui
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Gunma University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Miki Matsui
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Iso
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Yokoyama
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Gunma University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Hideki Ishii
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan
| | - Masahiko Kurabayashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8511, Japan.
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Nils HJ, Arce Recatala C, Castano A, Ribas D, Flores-Fraile J. Efficacy/Safety of the Use of Glucocorticoids in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:239. [PMID: 37886924 PMCID: PMC10606022 DOI: 10.3390/dj11100239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Glucocorticoids, also known as corticosteroids or steroids, are drugs derived from cholesterol. They are synthesized by the adrenal cortex, along with other hormones, such as cortisol and aldosterone. Glucocorticoids are drugs recommended for patients undergoing surgery on the oral cavity, facial skeleton, and related cervical structures due to their high efficacy against inflammatory and immune processes. However, these drugs are restricted due to their multiple and serious adverse effects. The objective of this study was to verify the efficacy of corticosteroids administered in major surgeries of the oral cavity, as well as of the cervical and facial structures, based on the characteristics of the patient so as to select the best therapeutic strategy. METHODS Articles in the databases of PubMed, Nature Portfolio, Medline, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar were thoroughly examined. RESULTS A total of 54 articles were selected to address the proposed objectives. The results obtained show that it is effective and safe to use glucocorticoids as pre- or postsurgical therapy in oral and maxillofacial surgery to control the processes of inflammation, pain, lockjaw, and edema. However, when referring to the use of these drugs, one must proceed with caution and pay particular attention when handling them. The concentration of the glucocorticoids used must be individualized, as well as the selection of the route of administration. Various studies show that, although the oral route is the most used route, the most effective route is the intramuscular route due to its easy absorption. However, for patients who have recurrent inflammatory and vesiculobullous ulcerative lesions, the topical route should be chosen to mitigate side effects, considering that recurrent applications must be made to prevent the worsening of the lesion and to avoid having to use medications enterally. In patients with cervicofacial infections, antibiotics continue to be the main drugs used to manage the condition in conjunction with corticosteroids. It is important to know the possible interactions of glucocorticoids with other medicines or food: it has been described that the interaction between Ritonavir, an antiretroviral drug that inhibits human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) proteases, and prednisone causes an increase in the concentration of prednisone, leading to possible toxicity in normally safe doses and, in many cases, iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome. It is also important to know the systemic or topical adverse effects of the chronic or high-dose use of glucocorticoids. CONCLUSIONS It can be concluded that by making adequate use of glucocorticoid therapy in oral and maxillofacial surgery to manage clinical manifestations, it is possible to attenuate the morbidities of treatment and intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - David Ribas
- University of Sevilla, 41004 Sevilla, Spain; (A.C.); (D.R.)
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Yang X, Dong S, Fan Y, Xia Y, Yang F, Chen Z, Chen D, Zhang M, Liang D, Zeng C. Krüppel-like Factor 15 Suppresses Ferroptosis by Activating an NRF2/GPX4 Signal to Protect against Folic Acid-Induced Acute Kidney Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14530. [PMID: 37833977 PMCID: PMC10572468 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and serious disease with high morbidity and mortality, and its pathophysiological mechanisms are not fully understood. Increasing evidence suggests an important role of ferroptosis in AKI. Krüppel-like factor 15 (KLF15) is a transcription factor involved in several metabolic diseases, but its role in AKI and ferroptosis remains unclear. In this study, we explored the potential role of KLF15 using a folic acid-induced AKI model. Our study showed that KLF15 expression was reduced in kidney tissues of AKI mice, and KLF15 knockout exacerbated folic acid-induced ferroptosis and kidney injury. In vitro studies revealed that the ferroptosis inducer erastin significantly suppressed KLF15 expression in human tubular epithelial cells. Notably, the overexpression of KLF15 attenuated ferroptosis, as evidenced by a decrease in the lipid peroxidation marker of malondialdehyde and the upregulation of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), while KLF15 knockdown with shRNA exerted the opposite effect. Mechanistically, KLF15 stabilized the protein of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and subsequently increased the GPX4 level. Collectively, KLF15 plays an important role in the modulation of ferroptosis in AKI and may be a potential therapeutic target for treating AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Yang
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Shihui Dong
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Yun Fan
- Jinling Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xia
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Fan Yang
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Zhaohong Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Dacheng Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Mingchao Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Dandan Liang
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Caihong Zeng
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210044, China
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Smith JAB, Murach KA, Dyar KA, Zierath JR. Exercise metabolism and adaptation in skeletal muscle. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2023; 24:607-632. [PMID: 37225892 PMCID: PMC10527431 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-023-00606-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Viewing metabolism through the lens of exercise biology has proven an accessible and practical strategy to gain new insights into local and systemic metabolic regulation. Recent methodological developments have advanced understanding of the central role of skeletal muscle in many exercise-associated health benefits and have uncovered the molecular underpinnings driving adaptive responses to training regimens. In this Review, we provide a contemporary view of the metabolic flexibility and functional plasticity of skeletal muscle in response to exercise. First, we provide background on the macrostructure and ultrastructure of skeletal muscle fibres, highlighting the current understanding of sarcomeric networks and mitochondrial subpopulations. Next, we discuss acute exercise skeletal muscle metabolism and the signalling, transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of adaptations to exercise training. We address knowledge gaps throughout and propose future directions for the field. This Review contextualizes recent research of skeletal muscle exercise metabolism, framing further advances and translation into practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathon A B Smith
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kevin A Murach
- Molecular Mass Regulation Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Kenneth A Dyar
- Metabolic Physiology, Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Juleen R Zierath
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Yang Y, Peng W, Su X, Yue B, Shu S, Wang J, Fu C, Zhong J, Wang H. Epigenomics Analysis of the Suppression Role of SIRT1 via H3K9 Deacetylation in Preadipocyte Differentiation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11281. [PMID: 37511041 PMCID: PMC10379189 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) overexpression significantly inhibits lipid deposition during yak intramuscular preadipocyte (YIMA) differentiation; however, the regulatory mechanism remains unknown. We elucidated the role of SIRT1 in YIMA differentiation using lentivirus-mediated downregulation technology and conducted mRNA-seq and ChIP-seq assays using H3K9ac antibodies after SIRT1 overexpression in order to reveal SIRT1 targets during YIMA adipogenesis. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were performed in order to identify the functional annotation of common genes. In addition, a potential target of SIRT1 was selected to verify its effects on the differentiation and proliferation of YIMAs. SIRT1 interfered with lipid deposition and promoted YIMA differentiation. In total, 143,518 specific peaks were identified after SIRT1 overexpression, where genes associated with downregulation peaks were enriched in transcription, gene expression, lipid-related processes, and classical lipid-related pathways. The H3K9ac signal in the whole genome promoter region (2 kb upstream and downstream of the transcription start site (TSS)) was weakened, and the peaks were distributed across all gene functional regions. Genes that lost signals in their TSS region or gene body region were enriched in both biological processes and pathways associated with lipogenesis. The ChIP-seq results revealed 714 common differential genes in mRNA-seq, which were enriched in "MAPK signaling", "lipid and atherosclerosis", "mTOR signaling", and "FoxO signaling" pathways. A total of 445 genes were downregulated in both their H3K9ac signals and mRNA expression, and one of their most significantly enriched pathways was FoxO signaling. Nine genes (FBP2, FPGT, HSD17B11, KCNJ15, MAP3K20, SLC5A3, TRIM23, ZCCHC10, and ZMYM1) lost the H3K9ac signal in their TSS regions and had low mRNA expression, and three genes (KCNJ15, TGM3, and TRIM54) had low expression but lost their H3K9ac signal in the gene body region. The interference of TRIM23 significantly inhibited fat deposition during preadipocyte differentiation and promoted cell proliferation by increasing S-phase cell numbers. The present study provides new insights into the molecular mechanism of intramuscular fat content deposition and the epigenetic role of SIRT1 in adipocyte differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youzhualamu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, China
| | - Wei Peng
- Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Xiaolong Su
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, China
| | - Binglin Yue
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, China
| | - Shi Shu
- Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Jikun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, China
| | - Changqi Fu
- Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Jincheng Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610225, China
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Ling X, Wang Q, Zhang J, Zhang G. Genome-Wide Analysis of the KLF Gene Family in Chicken: Characterization and Expression Profile. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13091429. [PMID: 37174466 PMCID: PMC10177326 DOI: 10.3390/ani13091429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The kruppel-like factor (KLF) gene family is a group of transcription factors containing highly conserved zinc-finger motifs, which play a crucial role in cell proliferation and differentiation. Chicken has been widely used as a model animal for analyzing gene function, however, little is known about the function of the KLF gene family in chickens. In this study, we performed genome-wide studies of chicken KLF genes and analyzed their biological and expression characteristics. We identified 13 KLF genes from chickens. Our phylogenetic, motif, and conserved domain analyses indicate that the KLF gene family has remained conserved through evolution. Synteny analysis showed the collinear relationship among KLFs, which indicated that they had related biomolecular functions. Interaction network analysis revealed that KLFs worked with 20 genes in biological processes. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed that KLF2 was involved in Apelin and Forkhead Box O (FOXO) signaling pathways. Moreover, qPCR showed that 13 KLF genes were expressed in the nine selected tissues and displayed various gene expression patterns in chickens. RNA-seq showed that KLF3 and KLF10 genes were differentially expressed in the normal and high-fat diet fed groups, and KLF4, KLF5, KLF6, KLF7, KLF9, KLF12, and KLF13 genes were differentially expressed between undifferentiated and differentiated chicken preadipocytes. Besides, RNA-seq also showed that KLF genes displayed different expression patterns in muscle at 11 and 16 embryonic days old, and in 1-day-old chickens. These results indicated that the KLF genes were involved in the development of muscle and fat in chickens. Our findings provide some valuable reference points for the subsequent study of the function of KLF genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanze Ling
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Qifan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Genxi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China
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12
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Yerra VG, Drosatos K. Specificity Proteins (SP) and Krüppel-like Factors (KLF) in Liver Physiology and Pathology. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:4682. [PMID: 36902112 PMCID: PMC10003758 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver acts as a central hub that controls several essential physiological processes ranging from metabolism to detoxification of xenobiotics. At the cellular level, these pleiotropic functions are facilitated through transcriptional regulation in hepatocytes. Defects in hepatocyte function and its transcriptional regulatory mechanisms have a detrimental influence on liver function leading to the development of hepatic diseases. In recent years, increased intake of alcohol and western diet also resulted in a significantly increasing number of people predisposed to the incidence of hepatic diseases. Liver diseases constitute one of the serious contributors to global deaths, constituting the cause of approximately two million deaths worldwide. Understanding hepatocyte transcriptional mechanisms and gene regulation is essential to delineate pathophysiology during disease progression. The current review summarizes the contribution of a family of zinc finger family transcription factors, named specificity protein (SP) and Krüppel-like factors (KLF), in physiological hepatocyte functions, as well as how they are involved in the onset and development of hepatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Konstantinos Drosatos
- Metabolic Biology Laboratory, Cardiovascular Center, Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
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