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Ghorbani M, Sanoee Farimani M, Khodadadi I, Mohagheghi S, Amiri I, Tayebinia H. The regulatory roles of Smad2/3 protein and SMURF2 gene expression in granulosa cells of germinal vesicle and metaphase II oocytes in polycystic ovarian syndrome: A case-control study. Int J Reprod Biomed 2024; 22:441-450. [PMID: 39205921 PMCID: PMC11347763 DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v22i6.16794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The impaired functions of granulosa cells (GCs) in the delayed development and immaturity of oocytes have been reported in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOs). Even with ovarian stimulation, a large number of oocytes in these patients are still in the stage germinal vesicle (GV). Objective The levels of Smad2/3, phosphorylated Smad2/3 (P-Smad2/3), the expression of SARA, Smad4, and SMURF2 genes in the GCs surrounding metaphase II (MII) or GV oocytes in PCOs women were investigated. Materials and Methods GCs of MII and GV oocytes were isolated from 38 women with PCOs and the expression levels of SARA, Smad4, and SMURF2 in surrounding GCs of MII and GV oocytes were determined using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Also, Smad2/3 and P-Smad2/3 proteins were determined using western blotting. Results The expression level of SMURF2 was significantly higher in GCs surrounding GV oocytes compared with that of GCs encompassing MII oocytes (p < 0.001). At the same time, no significant differences were observed in SARA and Smad4 expression levels in GCs surrounding GV and MII oocytes. A lower level of P-Smad2/3 was also found in GCs GV oocytes compared with GCs of MII oocytes (p < 0.001). Conclusion It seems that P-Smad2/3 plays a role in oocyte development, and the downregulation of this protein is associated with a defect in the maturation of GV oocytes. On the other hand, the upregulation of the SMURF2 gene also affects the growth process of GCs and the maturation of GV oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Ghorbani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Fertility and Infertility Research Centre, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Marzieh Sanoee Farimani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medicine School, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Omid Infertility Centre, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Iraj Khodadadi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Sina Mohagheghi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Iraj Amiri
- Fertility and Infertility Research Centre, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Heidar Tayebinia
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Ñaupas LVS, Gomes FDR, Ferreira ACA, Morais SM, Alves DR, Teixeira DIA, Alves BG, Watanabe Y, Figueiredo JR, Tetaping GM, Rodrigues APR. Alpha lipoic acid controls degeneration and ensures follicular development in ovine ovarian tissue cultured in vitro. Theriogenology 2024; 225:55-66. [PMID: 38795511 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the effects of adding alpha lipoic acid (ALA) to the in vitro ovarian tissue culture medium, either fresh or after vitrification/warming. For this purpose, 10 ovaries from five adult sheep were used. Each pair of ovaries gave rise to 16 fragments and were randomly distributed into two groups: fresh (n = 8) and vitrified (n = 8). Two fresh fragments were fixed immediately and considered the control, while another six were cultured in vitro for 14 days in the absence; presence of a constant (100 μM/0-14 day) or dynamic (50 μM/day 0-7 and 100 μM/day 8-14) concentration of ALA. As for the vitrified fragments, two were fixed and the other six were cultured in vitro under the same conditions described for the fresh group. All the fragments were subjected to morphological evaluation, follicular development and stromal density (classical histology), DNA fragmentation (TUNEL), senescence (Sudan Black), fibrosis (Masson's Trichome), and endoplasmic reticulum stress (immunofluorescence). Measurements of the antioxidant capacity against the free radicals 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) and estradiol (E2) levels in the culture medium was performed. The results showed that in the absence of ALA, in vitro culture of vitrified ovarian fragments showed a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in follicular morphology and increased the presence of senescence and tissue fibrosis (P < 0.05). Dynamic ALA maintained E2 levels unchanged (P > 0.05) until the end of vitrified ovarian tissue culture and controlled the levels of ABTS and DPPH radicals in fresh or vitrified cultures. Therefore, it is concluded that ALA should be added to the vitrified ovarian tissue in vitro culture medium to reduce the damage that leads to loss of ovarian function. To ensure steroidogenesis during in vitro culture, ALA should be added dynamically (different concentrations throughout culture).
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Affiliation(s)
- L V S Ñaupas
- Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Ovarian Pre-Antral Follicles, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - F D R Gomes
- Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Ovarian Pre-Antral Follicles, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - A C A Ferreira
- Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Ovarian Pre-Antral Follicles, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - S M Morais
- Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - D R Alves
- Laboratory of Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - D I A Teixeira
- Laboratory of Image Diagnosis Applied to Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, E, Brazil
| | - B G Alves
- Ovid Research Company, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Y Watanabe
- Vitrogen YVF Biotech, Cravinhos, SP, Brazil
| | - J R Figueiredo
- Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Ovarian Pre-Antral Follicles, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - G M Tetaping
- Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Ovarian Pre-Antral Follicles, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - A P R Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Manipulation of Oocytes and Ovarian Pre-Antral Follicles, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
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Tao X, Rahimi M, Michaelis M, Görs S, Brenmoehl J, Vanselow J, Baddela VS. Saturated fatty acids inhibit unsaturated fatty acid induced glucose uptake involving GLUT10 and aerobic glycolysis in bovine granulosa cells. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9888. [PMID: 38688953 PMCID: PMC11061182 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59883-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Fatty acids have been shown to modulate glucose metabolism in vitro and in vivo. However, there is still a need for substantial evidence and mechanistic understanding in many cell types whether both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids (SFAs and UFAs) pose a similar effect and, if not, what determines the net effect of fatty acid mixes on glucose metabolism. In the present study, we asked these questions by treating granulosa cells (GCs) with the most abundant non-esterified fatty acid species in bovine follicular fluid. Results revealed that oleic and alpha-linolenic acids (UFAs) significantly increased glucose consumption compared to palmitic and stearic acids (SFAs). A significant increase in lactate production, extracellular acidification rate, and decreased mitochondrial activity indicate glucose channeling through aerobic glycolysis in UFA treated GCs. We show that insulin independent glucose transporter GLUT10 is essential for UFA driven glucose consumption, and the induction of AKT and ERK signaling pathways necessary for GLUT10 expression. To mimic the physiological conditions, we co-treated GCs with mixes of SFAs and UFAs. Interestingly, co-treatments abolished the UFA induced glucose uptake and metabolism by inhibiting AKT and ERK phosphorylation and GLUT10 expression. These data suggest that the net effect of fatty acid induced glucose uptake in GCs is determined by SFAs under physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelian Tao
- Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Maryam Rahimi
- Abteilung Biotechnologie und Reproduktion Landwirtschaftlicher Nutztiere, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, 37037, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marten Michaelis
- Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Solvig Görs
- Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Julia Brenmoehl
- Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Jens Vanselow
- Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Vijay Simha Baddela
- Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany.
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Lecová M, Babjáková D, Sopková D, Andrejčáková Z, Hertelyová Z, Petrilla V, Polláková M, Vlčková R. Different Lengths of Diet Supplementation with 10% Flaxseed Alter the Hormonal Profile and the Follicular Fluid Fatty Acid Content of Fattening Gilts. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:240. [PMID: 38398749 PMCID: PMC10890391 DOI: 10.3390/life14020240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The effect of 10% dietary flaxseed fed for 3 and 6 weeks on serum hormone levels of fattening gilts, the fatty acid (FA) follicular fluid (FF) composition of small and large antral follicles, and the steroidogenesis and IGF-I secretion by isolated small antral follicles and their response to regulatory hormones (LH, FSH, IGF-I) was studied using immunoassay and gas chromatography analyses. Both supplemental periods increased levels of P4 and IGF-I in blood serum. A shorter period inhibited steroidogenesis (P4, T, E2) and IGF-I secretion by small antral follicles, which was associated with decreased levels of monounsaturated FAs (MUFA) and preferred n-6 polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) metabolism. A longer period stimulated hormone secretion at elevated levels of saturated FAs (SFA) at the expense of MUFAs and PUFAs preferring the n-3 PUFA metabolism. Out of ovarian regulators, only LH and IGF-I were able to alter the secretion of steroids and IGF-I by small follicles of fattening pigs fed a basal diet. The effect of flaxseed on the secretion of follicular hormones after both supplemental periods was altered by all regulatory hormones in a dose-dependent manner. The level of SFAs and PUFAs in FF of large follicles increased with the length of flaxseed feeding, suggesting the suppression of ovulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Lecová
- Department of Biology and Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia; (M.L.); (D.B.); (D.S.); (Z.A.); (V.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Diana Babjáková
- Department of Biology and Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia; (M.L.); (D.B.); (D.S.); (Z.A.); (V.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Drahomíra Sopková
- Department of Biology and Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia; (M.L.); (D.B.); (D.S.); (Z.A.); (V.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Zuzana Andrejčáková
- Department of Biology and Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia; (M.L.); (D.B.); (D.S.); (Z.A.); (V.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Zdenka Hertelyová
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Šrobárova 2, 041 80 Košice, Slovakia;
| | - Vladimír Petrilla
- Department of Biology and Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia; (M.L.); (D.B.); (D.S.); (Z.A.); (V.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Magdaléna Polláková
- Department of Biology and Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia; (M.L.); (D.B.); (D.S.); (Z.A.); (V.P.); (M.P.)
| | - Radoslava Vlčková
- Department of Biology and Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia; (M.L.); (D.B.); (D.S.); (Z.A.); (V.P.); (M.P.)
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Baddela VS, Michaelis M, Tao X, Koczan D, Vanselow J. ERK1/2-SOX9/FOXL2 axis regulates ovarian steroidogenesis and favors the follicular-luteal transition. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202302100. [PMID: 37532283 PMCID: PMC10397509 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Estradiol and progesterone are the primary sex steroids produced by the ovary. Upon luteinizing hormone surge, estradiol-producing granulosa cells convert into progesterone-producing cells and eventually become large luteal cells of the corpus luteum. Signaling pathways and transcription factors involved in the cessation of estradiol and simultaneous stimulation of progesterone production in granulosa cells are not clearly understood. Here, we decipher that phosphorylated ERK1/2 regulates granulosa cell steroidogenesis by inhibiting estradiol and inducing progesterone production. Down-regulation of transcription factor FOXL2 and up-regulation of SOX9 by ERK underpin its differential steroidogenic function. Interestingly, the incidence of SOX9 is largely uncovered in ovarian cells and is found to regulate FOXL2 along with CYP19A1 and STAR genes, encoding rate-limiting enzymes of steroidogenesis, in cultured granulosa cells. We propose that the novel ERK1/2-SOX9/FOXL2 axis in granulosa cells is a critical regulator of ovarian steroidogenesis and may be considered when addressing pathophysiologies associated with inappropriate steroid production and infertility in humans and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Simha Baddela
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Marten Michaelis
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Xuelian Tao
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Dirk Koczan
- Institute of Immunology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jens Vanselow
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Dummerstorf, Germany
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Lin Z, Gong Y, Sun H, Yang C, Tang Y, Yin L, Zhang D, Wang Y, Yu C, Liu Y. Lipid Deposition and Progesterone Synthesis Are Increased by miR-181b-5p through RAP1B/ERK1/2 Pathway in Chicken Granulosa Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:12910-12924. [PMID: 37602643 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Steroid hormones secreted by granulosa cells are essential for maintaining normal development of chicken follicles. Our previous sequencing data indicated that miR-181b-5p and RAS-related protein 1B (RAP1B) appeared to function in chicken granulosa cells, which was further explored in this study. The results suggested that miR-181b-5p facilitated the aggregation of lipid droplets and the synthesis of progesterone. In contrast, RAP1B astricted lipid deposition and progesterone secretion. Cotransfection of the RAP1B overexpression vector with miR-181b-5p mimic eliminated the promoting effect of miR-181b-5p. Dual-luciferase reporter assay confirmed that miR-181b-5p bound directly to the 3' untranslated region (3' UTR) of RAP1B. We also found that miR-181b-5p and RAP1B reduced and enhanced the phosphorylation levels of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), respectively. The application of ERK1/2 activators and inhibitors demonstrated that ERK1/2 is a negative regulator of lipid deposition and progesterone synthesis. In conclusion, we revealed that miR-181b-5p accelerated lipid deposition and progesterone synthesis through the RAP1B/ERK1/2 pathway in chicken granulosa cells. miR-181b-5p and RAP1B may serve as new biomarkers in breeding to improve chicken reproductive performance and prevent ovary-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongzhen Lin
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611100, China
| | - Yanrong Gong
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611100, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611100, China
| | - Chaowu Yang
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Yuan Tang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611100, China
| | - Lingqian Yin
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611100, China
| | - Donghao Zhang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611100, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611100, China
| | - Chunlin Yu
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Yiping Liu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611100, China
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