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Lin X, Li R, Chen Z, Xiong J. Design strategies for VR science and education games from an embodied cognition perspective: a literature-based meta-analysis. Front Psychol 2024; 14:1292110. [PMID: 38259582 PMCID: PMC10801899 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1292110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Natural science education, as an important means to improve the scientific literacy of citizens, combines science education games with virtual reality (VR) technology and is a major developmental direction in the field of gamified learning. Methods To investigate the impact of VR science education games on learning efficiency from the perspective of embodied cognition, this study uses the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Web of Science (WOS) databases as the main source of samples. A meta-analysis of 40 studies was conducted to examine teaching content, game interaction, and immersion mode. Results The study found that (1) VR science and education games have a moderately positive impact on the overall learning effect; (2) regarding teaching content, the learning effect of skill training via VR science and education games is significant; (3) regarding interaction form, the learning effect on active interaction is significantly better than that of passive interaction; (4) regarding immersion mode, somatosensory VR games have a significant impact on the enhancement of students' learning; (5) regarding application disciplines, VR science education games have a greater impact on science, engineering, language and other disciplines; (6) regarding academic segments, the learning effect on college students is most significant; and (7) regarding experimental intervention time, short-term intervention is most effective. Discussion Accordingly, this article proposes strategies for VR science game design from the perspective of embodied cognition: a five-phase strategy including skill training, human-computer interaction, and environmental immersion, aiming to improve the learning effect and experience of users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jiayi Xiong
- School of Information Technology in Education, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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Zhang J, Liu X, Yang L, Wang Y, Huang D, Tan X. A bibliometric comparison of undergraduate and postgraduate endodontic education publications: The topics, trends, and challenges. J Dent Educ 2023; 87:1661-1675. [PMID: 37565569 DOI: 10.1002/jdd.13350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study employs bibliometric analysis to compare knowledge units and main topics in undergraduate and postgraduate endodontic education, aiming to identify similarities, differences, and connections. The insights gained are expected to inform the future of two-stage education to enhance continuity, highlighting evolving trends, challenges, and development directions. METHODS Citation data were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collections (WOSCC) database and non-WOSCC databases with two separate search formulas. VOSviewer and CiteSpace were used to analyze the distribution of research by publication years, citation-sources, co-authorship network of authors and countries, and clusters of keywords. RESULTS The focus on undergraduate education preceded postgraduate education by nearly a decade. The United Kingdom has emerged as the most prominent contributor to endodontic literature at both levels, with the International Endodontic Journal representing the most voluminous and cited resource in this domain. Dummer is recognized as the most prolific author in undergraduate endodontic education, while Gulabivala spearheads the most extensive cluster of postgraduate education. Keywords clustering analysis reveals that undergraduate education places greater emphasis on fundamental knowledge, while postgraduate education concentrates more on clinical practice. Descriptive analyses from non-WOSCC databases align with the topics and findings from WOSCC-based bibliometric analysis. CONCLUSION This bibliometric analysis revealed the emphasis on fundamental knowledge and teaching techniques at the undergraduate level versus advanced clinical knowledge and techniques at the postgraduate level, which originated from different learning aims and contexts. Updating the curriculum to meet the latest practices and innovations is crucial for aligning learning objectives with current and future needs, and the connection between the two levels remains a central challenge in endodontic education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinglan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics,West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics,West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics,West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiran Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics,West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dingming Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics,West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuelian Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics,West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Patil S, Bhandi S, Awan KH, Licari FW, Di Blasio M, Ronsivalle V, Cicciù M, Minervini G. Effectiveness of haptic feedback devices in preclinical training of dental students-a systematic review. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:739. [PMID: 37817151 PMCID: PMC10566064 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03410-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acquisition of psychomotor skills is of utmost importance for competent preclinical restorative dentistry. Recent advancements in haptic feedback technology have been incorporated into preclinical dental education to augment the conventional phantom head-based training. OBJECTIVE This systematic review aims to assess the effectiveness of haptic feedback device, Simodont, in improving the skill development and learning outcomes of dental students during their preclinical training. MATERIALS AND METHODS Electronic databases Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed were searched for relevant studies since inception up until March, 2023. Only English language studies that assessed the effectiveness of haptic feedback devices in preclinical dental education were included. We excluded studies that did not use Simodont as the haptic feedback device or did not involve preclinical restorative work. Study quality was assessed using the revised Cochrane risk of bias tool and ROBINS-I. The primary goal of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of Simodont as a complementary training modality for dentistry students. RESULTS Results from 9 high-quality studies were analyzed and synthesized to evaluate the overall impact of haptic feedback devices on various aspects of preclinical training. The studies were conducted on 826 undergraduate dental students enrolled in various years of their training across dental colleges and universities in different parts of the world. A majority of studies showed some concerns regarding risk of bias. Haptic feedback devices added a new layer to Virtual Reality (VR) through the perception of touch and force feedback. It assisted junior dental students improve their psychomotor skills and movement skills. Instantaneous feedback on the students' performance helped enhance their self-assessment and correction, and also eliminated the subjectivity of evaluation. Data derived from virtual simulators helped stratify dental students and predict their clinical performance, providing an opportunity to tailor the learning process to meet individual diversity in students' expertise. CONCLUSION Based on the limited evidence available, Simodont was effective in preclinical training of dental students, offering advantages such as unlimited reproducibility, objective evaluation of preparation by computer assessment, and cost reduction. And further studies are warranted to explore the incorporation of patient's oral environment simulation for better skill training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shankargouda Patil
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, Utah, 84095, USA.
| | - Shilpa Bhandi
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, Utah, 84095, USA
| | - Kamran H Awan
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, Utah, 84095, USA
| | - Frank W Licari
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, Utah, 84095, USA
| | - Marco Di Blasio
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Center of Dentistry, University of Parma, 43126, Parma, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Ronsivalle
- Department of Biomedical and Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Catania University, 95123, Catania, CT, Italy
| | - Marco Cicciù
- Department of Biomedical and Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Catania University, 95123, Catania, CT, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Minervini
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy.
- Saveetha Dental College & Hospitals Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
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Kaluschke M, Yin MS, Haddawy P, Suebnukarn S, Zachmann G. The effect of 3D stereopsis and hand-tool alignment on learning effectiveness and skill transfer of a VR-based simulator for dental training. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291389. [PMID: 37792776 PMCID: PMC10550175 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent years have seen the proliferation of VR-based dental simulators using a wide variety of different VR configurations with varying degrees of realism. Important aspects distinguishing VR hardware configurations are 3D stereoscopic rendering and visual alignment of the user's hands with the virtual tools. New dental simulators are often evaluated without analysing the impact of these simulation aspects. In this paper, we seek to determine the impact of 3D stereoscopic rendering and of hand-tool alignment on the teaching effectiveness and skill assessment accuracy of a VR dental simulator. We developed a bimanual simulator using an HMD and two haptic devices that provides an immersive environment with both 3D stereoscopic rendering and hand-tool alignment. We then independently controlled for each of the two aspects of the simulation. We trained four groups of students in root canal access opening using the simulator and measured the virtual and real learning gains. We quantified the real learning gains by pre- and post-testing using realistic plastic teeth and the virtual learning gains by scoring the training outcomes inside the simulator. We developed a scoring metric to automatically score the training outcomes that strongly correlates with experts' scoring of those outcomes. We found that hand-tool alignment has a positive impact on virtual and real learning gains, and improves the accuracy of skill assessment. We found that stereoscopic 3D had a negative impact on virtual and real learning gains, however it improves the accuracy of skill assessment. This finding is counter-intuitive, and we found eye-tooth distance to be a confounding variable of stereoscopic 3D, as it was significantly lower for the monoscopic 3D condition and negatively correlates with real learning gain. The results of our study provide valuable information for the future design of dental simulators, as well as simulators for other high-precision psycho-motor tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Myat Su Yin
- Faculty of ICT, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Peter Haddawy
- Faculty of ICT, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Gabriel Zachmann
- Computer Graphics and Virtual Reality, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
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Hernansanz A, Rovira R, Basomba J, Comas R, Casals A. EndoTrainer: a novel hybrid training platform for endoscopic surgery. Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg 2023; 18:899-908. [PMID: 36781742 PMCID: PMC10113296 DOI: 10.1007/s11548-023-02837-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Endoscopy implies high demanding procedures, and their practice requires structured formation curricula supported by adequate training platforms. Physical platforms are the most standardised solution for surgical training, but over the last few years, virtual platforms have been progressively introduced. This research work presents a new hybrid, physic-virtual, endoscopic training platform that exploits the benefits of the two kind of platforms combining realistic tools and phantoms together with the capacity of measuring all relevant parameters along the execution of the exercises and of providing an objective assessment performance. METHODS The developed platform, EndoTrainer, has been designed to train and assess surgical skills in hysteroscopy and cystoscopy following a structured curricula. The initial development and validation is focused on hysteroscopic exercises proposed in the Gynaecological Endoscopic Surgical Education and Assessment (GESEA) Certification Programme from The Academy and European Society for Gynaecological Endoscopy (ESGE) and analyses the obtained results of an extensive study with 80 gynaecologists executing 30 trials of the standard 30 degree endoscope navigation exercise. RESULTS The experiments demonstrate the benefits of the presented hybrid platform. Multi-variable statistical analysis points out that all subjects have obtained statistically significant improvement in all relevant parameters: shorter and safer trajectories, improved 30-degree endoscope navigation, accurate positioning over the targets and reduction of the execution time. CONCLUSION This paper presents a new hybrid approach for training, and evaluating whether it provides an objectivable improvement of camera navigation endoscopic basic skills. The obtained results demonstrate the initial hypothesis: all subjects have improved their camera handling and navigation skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Hernansanz
- Research Centre for Biomedical Engineering. (CREB), Technical University of Catalonia (UPC), Jordi Girona 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia Spain
- SurgiTrainer, Jordi Girona 1-3, Omega Building Off. 408, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia Spain
| | - Ramon Rovira
- Gynaecology and Obstetrics dept., Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Sant Quintí, 89, 08041 Barcelona, Catalonia Spain
- SurgiTrainer, Jordi Girona 1-3, Omega Building Off. 408, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia Spain
| | - Joan Basomba
- SurgiTrainer, Jordi Girona 1-3, Omega Building Off. 408, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia Spain
| | - Roger Comas
- SurgiTrainer, Jordi Girona 1-3, Omega Building Off. 408, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia Spain
| | - Alícia Casals
- Research Centre for Biomedical Engineering. (CREB), Technical University of Catalonia (UPC), Jordi Girona 1-3, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia Spain
- SurgiTrainer, Jordi Girona 1-3, Omega Building Off. 408, 08034 Barcelona, Catalonia Spain
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Hsu MH, Chang YC. Haptic and Force Feedback Technology in Dental Education: A Bibliometric Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1318. [PMID: 36674074 PMCID: PMC9859437 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The haptic and force feedback technology has received an increasing attention in dental schools due to its effectiveness in psychomotor skill training. However, the bibliometric analysis on haptic and force feedback technology in dental education is still scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to perform a bibliometric analysis of the development of haptic and force feedback technology and its changing trends in dental education. From 1 January 2001 to 30 November 2022, all papers published on haptic and force feedback technology were searched from the Web of Science Core Collection database. These data were then entered into Apple Numbers for descriptive bibliometric analysis and visualized using VOSviewer software. A total of 85 articles were retrieved following the inclusive and exclusive criteria. The results demonstrated that USA and China exhibited the most publications. The combination of correspondence author and author co-citation analysis identified the more prominent authors in this research field. The top-cited and the average citation count per year ranking led to different views of popularity. A significant increase in the number of haptic and force feedback technology publications were found in the last two years. Virtual reality is the main keyword that indicates more new integrative applications currently underway. Taken together, this study provides a detailed bibliographic analysis of haptic and force feedback technology in dental education to indicate representative authors, literatures, keywords, and trends. These detailed data will help researchers, teachers, and dental students as a very useful information when trying to make haptic and force feedback technology more prevalent in dental education in the near further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Hsun Hsu
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chao Chang
- School of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
- Department of Dentistry, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
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Guerrero DT, Asaad M, Rajesh A, Hassan A, Butler CE. Advancing Surgical Education: The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Surgical Training. Am Surg 2023; 89:49-54. [PMID: 35570822 DOI: 10.1177/00031348221101503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The technology of artificial intelligence (AI) has made significant in-roads into the field of medicine over the last decade. With surgery being a discipline where repetition is the key to mastery, the scope of AI presents enormous potential for resident education through the analysis of technique and delivery of structured feedback for performance improvement. In an era marred by a raging pandemic that has decreased exposure and opportunity, AI offers an attractive solution towards improving operating room efficiency, safe patient care in the hands of supervised residents and can ultimately culminate in reduced health care costs. Through this article, we elucidate the current adoption of the artificial intelligence technology and its prospects for advancing surgical education.
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Affiliation(s)
- David T Guerrero
- 12317University of Pittsburgh Medical School, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Malke Asaad
- Department of Plastic Surgery, 6595University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Aashish Rajesh
- 14742University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Abbas Hassan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, 571198The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Charles E Butler
- Department of Plastic Surgery, 571198The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Kamińska D, Zwoliński G, Laska-Leśniewicz A. Usability Testing of Virtual Reality Applications-The Pilot Study. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:1342. [PMID: 35214246 PMCID: PMC8963057 DOI: 10.3390/s22041342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The need for objective data-driven usability testing of VR applications is becoming more tangible with the rapid development of numerous VR applications and their increased accessibility. Traditional methods of testing are too time and resource consuming and might provide results that are highly subjective. Thus, the aim of this article is to explore the possibility of automation of usability testing of VR applications by using objective features such as HMD built-in head and hands tracking, EEG sensor, video recording, and other measurable parameters in addition to automated analysis of subjective data provided in questionnaires. For this purpose, a simple VR application was created which comprised relatively easy tasks that did not generate stress for the users. Fourteen volunteers took part in the study and their signals were monitored to acquire objective automated data. At the same time the observer was taking notes of subjects' behaviour, and their subjective opinions about the experience were recorded in a post-experiment questionnaire. The results acquired from signal monitoring and questionnaires were juxtaposed with observation and post-interview results to confirm the validity and efficacy of automated usability testing. The results were very promising, proving that automated usability testing of VR applications is potentially achievable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Kamińska
- Institute of Mechatronics and Information Systems, Lodz University of Technology, 90-924 Lodz, Poland; (G.Z.); (A.L.-L.)
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